EP2501905A2 - Switchable pressure supply device - Google Patents

Switchable pressure supply device

Info

Publication number
EP2501905A2
EP2501905A2 EP10779801A EP10779801A EP2501905A2 EP 2501905 A2 EP2501905 A2 EP 2501905A2 EP 10779801 A EP10779801 A EP 10779801A EP 10779801 A EP10779801 A EP 10779801A EP 2501905 A2 EP2501905 A2 EP 2501905A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
switching
pressure supply
supply according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10779801A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2501905B1 (en
Inventor
Mathias Boegershausen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
Publication of EP2501905A2 publication Critical patent/EP2501905A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2501905B1 publication Critical patent/EP2501905B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475—Hollow camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit
    • F01L2001/34446—Fluid accumulators for the feeding circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/21—Accumulator cushioning means using springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines and relates to a switchable device for supplying pressure to at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine.
  • German patent application DE 102007056684 A1 of the applicant shows a pressure accumulator with its own housing.
  • German patent application DE 10228354 A1 describes an integrated in an inner cavity of a camshaft pressure accumulator, which space can be saved in the internal combustion engine.
  • the object of the present invention is to further develop conventional pressure accumulators for supplying pressure to consumers in an internal combustion engine in an advantageous manner.
  • a switchable device for supplying pressure (switchable pressure accumulator) to at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine.
  • the consumer may in particular be a hydraulic camshaft adjuster for adjusting the phase angle between crankshaft and camshaft.
  • the device is used for example in an electro-hydraulic valve actuating device of the internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure supply device comprises a housing with a cavity.
  • the cavity may, for example, be an internal cavity of a camshaft so that the camshaft forms the housing of the switchable device.
  • a different from the hollow camshaft housing may be provided with a cavity, which is then inserted into an inner cavity of the camshaft.
  • the device for pressure supply furthermore comprises a displacement element arranged in the housing cavity, which can be displaced between a first end position and a second end position.
  • the displacement element has a pressure surface which, together with a wall of the housing cavity, at least partially delimits a reservoir which can be connected or connected to the load in a fluid-conducting manner.
  • the pantry is with a Druck L. Pressure medium source fluidly connected or connected.
  • the storage space is connected to the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine, wherein an oil pump serves as a pressure source and oil of the lubricating oil circuit is used as a pressure medium.
  • the displacement element can For example, be formed in the form of a piston with a frontal pressure surface.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises a force accumulator which cooperates with the displacement element so that the displacement element can be displaced from the first end position into the second end position by pressurizing the reservoir against the force of the force accumulator.
  • the energy accumulator is designed for example as a spring element, in particular in the form of a compression spring, wherein any other suitable spring type can be used.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises a locking mechanism, by means of which the displacement element can be releasably locked in the second end position in which the force accumulator is tensioned. In a different position of the displacement element from the second end position, in particular in the first end position, the displacement element can not be locked by the locking mechanism.
  • the device according to the invention comprises an actuated by an actuator switching mechanism with a switching element, which can be brought into at least two switching positions, wherein the switching element cooperates with the locking mechanism, that the displacement element in a first switching position of the switching element from both an unlocked state locked is unlocked from a locked state and in a second switching position of the switching element in the unlocked state neither locked nor unlocked in the locked state.
  • the inventive device allows for a comparatively small space requirement, a reliable and secure pressure supply to consumers of an internal combustion engine, which is independent of the pressure in the lubrication circuit of the internal combustion engine available.
  • this includes a ball carrier element rigidly connected to the housing with a carrier cavity in which the switching element is at least partially accommodated.
  • the ball carrier element has a plurality of openings, in each of which a ball is received radially movable. The balls are applied to an outer circumferential surface formed by the switching element.
  • the device furthermore comprises a locking element which is rigidly connected to the displacement element and which is provided with a locking portion which, in the second end position of the displacement element, can engage with the balls, for example by engaging them behind, thereby forming the displacement element to lock on the housing.
  • the locking element can not engage with the balls, so that the displacement element is not locked.
  • a restoring element is further provided, which is arranged so that the switching element is displaceable relative to the force of the restoring element by the actuator from the first switching position to the second switching position relative to the ball carrier element.
  • the first return element is formed, for example, as a spring element, in particular in the form of a compression spring, wherein any other suitable spring type can be used.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the switching element is provided with at least one recess associated with the balls, which is formed and arranged so that the balls can be at least partially received in the recess in the second switching position of the switching element, so that the locking portion disengaged arrives with the balls and the locking of the displacement element is released.
  • the balls are not received by the recess of the support surface in the first switching position of the switching element, so that the locking of the displacement element is maintained.
  • a rigidly connected to the ball carrier element securing element is arranged, which forms a stop for a radially outward movement of the balls, such that the balls are taken secured against loss in the openings.
  • this is cup-shaped and applied from one side to the ball carrier element.
  • the securing element and the ball carrier element can be rigidly connected to one another by pressing, for example.
  • the latter is provided with a closing element closing off the cavity to the outside, on which the force accumulator of the displacement element is supported.
  • the closure element can serve in particular for securing the position of the force accumulator.
  • the ball carrier element is rigidly connected to the closure element.
  • the closure element is provided with a passage opening in which a cooperating with the switching element, actuated by the actuator switch body is received displaceably.
  • the storage space can be fluidly connected or connected to the pressure source and possibly the consumer with the interposition of at least one outlet safety device.
  • the leakage protection is designed so that it allows the flow of pressurized pressure medium, whereas it blocks the flow of non-pressurized, only the hydrostatic pressure underlying the pressure medium.
  • the leakage protection can serve as a limitation of the storage space and can in particular form a stop for the displacement element in the first end position. The construction of such a leakage protection is known per se to a person skilled in the art and described in the patent literature, for example in DE 19615076.
  • the pressure source via a blocking in the direction of the pressure source check valve with the reservoir space fluidly connected or connected.
  • the invention further extends to an internal combustion engine which is equipped with at least one switchable device as described above for supplying pressure to at least one consumer.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic axial sectional view with enlarged detail of an embodiment of the inventive device for pressure supply
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic overview representation, with reference to which the connection of the device for supplying pressure to FIG. 1 to the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine is illustrated;
  • 3A-3C are enlarged axial sectional views for illustrating the
  • Locking the device for supplying pressure of Fig. 1; 4A-4C are enlarged axial sectional views illustrating the unlocking of the pressure supply apparatus of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 considered, wherein an embodiment of the inventive device for supplying pressure to consumers of an internal combustion engine, and the connection of the device to the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine are illustrated.
  • the device generally designated by the reference numeral 1 can be inserted into a camshaft cavity 5 of a hollow camshaft 6.
  • the camshaft 6 constructed here, for example, which is provided on its outer peripheral surface with a plurality of cams 25, can be rotated about a central axis of rotation 7. Equally, however, it would also be conceivable that the camshaft 6 is produced in the forging process.
  • the device 1 for supplying pressure to consumers of an internal combustion engine comprises a hollow cylindrical housing 2 ("cartridge"), which is formed in a manner adapted to the camshaft cavity 5, so that the device 1 can be easily integrated into the camshaft 6 by the housing 2 in the camshaft cavity 5 is introduced and firmly connected to the camshaft 6.
  • the housing 2 forms a housing cavity 3, in which a displacement element designed in the form of a piston 4 is received in an axially displaceable manner.
  • a stepped cylinder closure body 7 is pressed, which extends from one end of the housing 2 ago in the housing cavity 3 inside. It may be divided into a larger diameter terminal first section 8 and an adjoining second smaller diameter section 9, thereby forming an annular step 10.
  • a force storage spring serving as an energy accumulator (screw pressure spring) 1 1 with its one end, which abuts the piston 4 with its other end.
  • the closure body 7 fixedly connected to the housing 2 is provided with a central axial bore 12 in which a switching rod 13 is received in an axially displaceable manner.
  • the shift rod 13 can be actuated by an electromagnetic actuator 14, for which purpose a non-illustrated plunger engages a front-side abutment surface of the shift rod 13.
  • the shift rod 12 is part of a switching mechanism for locking and releasing a locking mechanism for the piston 4, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the piston 4 has an end-face pressure surface 15 which, together with a housing cavity wall 16 of the housing cavity 3, at least partially delimits a reservoir 17 for pressurized oil.
  • a hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 is fastened to the end face of the camshaft 6, for example, by means of a central screw (not shown).
  • the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 comprises a driving part which is drivingly connected to the crankshaft via a drive wheel and a camshaft-fixed drive part, as well as a hydraulic actuator connected between drive and driven part, which transmits the torque from the to the driven part and a Adjustment and fixation of the rotational position between these allows.
  • the hydraulic actuator is provided with at least one oppositely acting pressure chamber pair, which can be targeted beaufschlagbar with pressure oil to bring about by creating a pressure gradient across the two pressure chambers, a change in the rotational position between the input and output part.
  • Hydraulic camshaft adjusters as such are well known to the person skilled in the art and described in detail for example in the publications DE 202005008264 U1, EP 1596040 A2, DE 102005013141 A1, DE 19908934 A1 and WO 2006/039966 by the applicant, so that they need not be discussed in more detail here.
  • the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 and the reservoir 17 are fluid-conductively connected via a pressure line 19 to a pressure or pressure medium source designed in the form of an oil pump 20.
  • the pressure line 19 is connected to opening into the camshaft cavity 5 radial openings 26 of the camshaft 6.
  • a non-return valve 22 arranged in the pressure line 19, which blocks in the direction of the oil pump 20, prevents a return of pressure oil at a reduced or missing delivery rate of the oil pump 20.
  • a not-shown control valve for controlling the oil flows is arranged, through which the pressure chambers of the camshaft adjuster 18 can optionally be fluid-conductively connected to the oil pump 20 or to the oil tank 21.
  • control valves are well-known to those skilled in the art as such and described in detail for example in the German patent DE 19727180 C2, the German patent DE 19616973 C2, the European patent application EP 1 596 041 A2 and the German patent application DE 102 39 207 A1 of the applicant, so that here does not need to be discussed further.
  • the storage space 17 communicates with the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 or its control valve.
  • other consumers are connected to the lubricating oil circuit, such as support members 23 and bearings 24 of the camshaft 6, which must be supplied with pressure oil.
  • a leakage protection for limiting the storage space 17 may be provided, which may serve in particular as a stop for the piston 4.
  • the piston 4 can be displaced axially by pressurizing the storage space 17 against the spring force of the energy storage spring 1 1 by pressure oil from the oil pump 20 via the pressure line 19 in the storage space 17 is promoted. In this case, the piston 4 is moved from a first end position to a second end position in which the energy storage spring 1 1 is stretched or more tensioned in the presence of a bias. About not shown ring seals the reservoir 17 is closed to the outside oil-tight.
  • the locking mechanism comprises a sleeve-shaped ball carrier 31, which is pressed into a cup-shaped end section 27 of the closure body 7 and has a plurality of radial bores 29 distributed in the circumferential direction, in each of which a ball 30 is accommodated.
  • the holes 29 each have a larger diameter than the balls 30, so that they are radially freely movable in the holes 29.
  • the ball carrier 28 is rigidly connected to the closure body 7.
  • a cup-shaped fuse body 31 consisting of a bottom wall 33 and a hollow cylindrical sleeve member 32, pressed.
  • the sleeve part 32 of the securing body 31 is dimensioned such that it partially covers the radial bores 29 with a certain projection, so that only a certain radially outward movement of the balls 30 is made possible. Beyond that, radially outwardly directed movement of the balls 30 is blocked by the sleeve part 32, so that the balls 30 each remain received in the bores 29.
  • switching pin 35 is received axially displaceable.
  • the switching pin 35 has a first end face 36, which is coupled to a front end of the shift rod 35.
  • a return spring 39 is further included, with one end to one of the first end face 37 opposite the second end face 37 of the switch pin 35 and with its other end to an inner surface 38 of Bottom wall 33 of the fuse body 31 is supported.
  • the return spring 39 is formed here, for example, as a helical compression spring, but may also be of any other suitable spring type. The switching pin 35 can thus be displaced axially by moving the switching rod 13 by the plunger of the actuator 14 against the spring force of the return spring 39.
  • the plunger acts on the front-side abutment surface of the shift rod 13, wherein the plunger is rigidly secured to a magnet armature of an electromagnet of the actuator 14 and can be moved axially by energizing the magnet armature. If the magnet armature is not energized, the switching pin 35 is reset by the spring force of the return spring 39.
  • An outer circumferential surface 40 of the switching pin 35 is provided with a circumferential annular groove 41, which is assigned to the balls 30 and formed in a fit to the balls 30.
  • the switching pin 35 can be moved back and forth between two end positions by the counteracting forces of actuator 14 and return spring 39. In a first end position without energization of the actuator 14, the balls 30 are outside of the annular groove 41st In a second end position with energized actuator 14, the balls 30 can dip into the annular groove 41. Always the balls 30 of the outer circumferential surface 40 of the switch pin 35, so that they are taken in connection with the fuse body 31 secured against loss in their holes 29.
  • a locking body 42 is pressed on the piston 4, a locking body 42 is pressed.
  • the locking body 42 is provided with a hollow-cylindrical sleeve section 43, which is applied to the cup-shaped piston 4, and is adjoined by a locking section 44.
  • the sleeve portion 43 serves for axial guidance of the piston 4 within the housing cavity 3.
  • the locking portion 44 tapers stepwise in the direction of the actuator 14 back.
  • a first step 45 tapering towards the actuator 14 forms an annular support surface 47 for the energy storage spring 11.
  • An adjoining second stage 46 tapering towards the actuator 14 forms an annular seating surface 48 for the balls 30.
  • An integrally formed on the second step 46 Collar 52 which widens radially with respect to the second step 46, forms a contact surface 49 for the balls 30.
  • FIGS. 3A-3E A locking or unlocking of the piston 4 of the device 1 will now be described, reference being made to FIGS. 3A-3E.
  • the shift rod 13 is moved against the force of the return spring 39 by the plunger acting on the face-side abutment surface.
  • the shift pin 35 is brought by the shift rod 13 into a position in which annular groove 41 is radially inwardly of the holes 29 and balls 30, so that the balls 30 can dip into the annular groove 41.
  • the balls 30, urged by the locking portion 44 are pressed into the annular groove 41.
  • the depth of the annular groove 41 is dimensioned such that the piston 4 or the locking portion 44 rigidly connected to the piston 4 can be displaced even further against the spring force of the energy storage spring 11.
  • the balls 30 are completely received within the holes 29 and close at least approximately flush with an outer circumferential surface of the ball carrier 28 from. This situation is shown in Fig. 3B.
  • Second end position An end position (referred to in the introduction as "second end position") of the piston 4 is defined, in which the storage space 17 is filled to the maximum with pressure oil. If the actuator 14 is no longer actuated, that is, the energization of the electromagnet is terminated, the shift pin 35 is axially displaced by the spring force of the return spring 39 relative to the ball carrier 28, wherein the balls 30 are pressed from the annular groove 41 against the seat surface 48 of the locking portion 44 , In this position, the locking portion 43 engages behind the balls 30, so that the piston 4 is axially fixed. This situation is shown in Fig. 3C.
  • the piston 4 can thus be locked against the spring force of the return spring 39 from the first switching position to the second switching position in its second end position only by pressing the plunger to move the switching pin 35. Without displacement of the switching pin 35 in the second switching position, the piston 4 can not be locked.
  • the piston 4 can thus be unlocked by pressing the plunger to move the switch pin 35 against the spring force of the return spring 39 from the first switching position to the second switching position. Without displacement of the switching pin 35 in the second switching position, the piston 4 can not be unlocked.
  • the piston 4 In the device according to the invention can thus be biased by a separate housing in a cavity of the camshaft piston by the pressure of the oil pump with the internal combustion engine running against the power storage spring up to a fixed stroke. In this position, the piston engages by a short energizing the radially decoupled actuator, which is mounted outside the camshaft, in a holding mechanism (ball lock). When the engine is switched off, the oil pressure in the oil galleries drops to ambient pressure, as does the pressure in the accumulator.
  • An optional leakage protection means that the "pressure-free" lubricating oil can not run back from the storage room into the oil galleries or via the camshaft bearing points into the cylinder head.
  • a leakage protection for example, a lamellar labyrinth leakage protection, consisting of three sheets, each with a bore in the axial direction on the outer diameter. The sheets are rotated by 120 ° to each other. The pressure accumulator has no pressure loss due to leaks. Expensive high-pressure seals are eliminated. As a result, the system friction is reduced and stored more usable energy in the energy storage spring.
  • the locking mechanism of the piston can be released.
  • the prestressed energy storage spring For example, the oil from the reservoir is forced back into the oil circuit of the cylinder head and the phaser, provided that the supply oil pressure in the oil galleries is less than the pressure achievable with the accumulator (spring element force multiplied by piston pressure area).
  • a non-return valve in the direction of the oil pump is provided between the oil pump and the consumers, which are to be acted upon by oil pressure from the pressure accumulator.
  • the piston is guided axially in the housing and is supported by a spring element (eg tension or compression spring) on the closure body, which is pressed into the housing. In the closure body of the ball carrier is pressed.
  • the shift rod is coupled to the shift pin and mounted axially displaceable in the closure body.
  • the actuator is screwed, for example, in the cylinder head and presses in the energized state on the shift rod against the return spring of the switch pin.
  • the fuse body serves as a captive for the balls.
  • the arrangement in the cavity of the camshaft results in a space advantage over externally arranged camshaft pressure accumulators.
  • the device according to the invention enables a reliable pressure supply of consumers of an internal combustion engine, wherein pressure oil is independent of the engine oil supply (lubricating oil circuit) of the internal combustion engine available through the pressure accumulator integrated in the camshaft.
  • pressure oil is independent of the engine oil supply (lubricating oil circuit) of the internal combustion engine available through the pressure accumulator integrated in the camshaft.
  • consumers can be supplied with pressurized oil even when the oil supply on the engine side is insufficient, for example when starting the engine and when the oil pressure is very high in conjunction with a low flow rate of the oil pump (hot idling).
  • an adjustment of the camshaft adjuster in basic position (late, middle, early position) take place, which is particularly suitable in connection with Start / stop systems is.
  • the adjustment speed of the camshaft adjuster can be improved, in particular when the internal combustion engine is idling.
  • the device of the invention can be realized by relatively few components, which costs in the industrial mass production assembly and material can be saved.
  • a particular advantage of the device results from the fact that the piston can be locked or unlocked by briefly energizing the actuator (current pulses). A permanent energization of the actuator in the locked or unlocked state of the piston is not required. This allows a particularly energy-saving operation of the device for pressure supply.

Abstract

The invention relates to a switchable device for supplying at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine with pressure. The device comprises the following: a housing having a housing interior; a displacement element arranged in the housing, which element can be displaced between a first end position and a second end position, the displacement element having a pressure surface which at least partially delimits a fluidically connectible accumulator chamber together with the wall of the housing interior, the accumulator chamber being connectible to a pressure source in a fluid-conducting manner; an energy accumulator which interacts with the displacement element, the displacement element being displaceable against the force of the energy accumulator from the first end position into the second end position under the effect of pressure applied to the accumulator chamber; a locking mechanism by virtue of which the displacement element can be locked in the second end position; a switching mechanism which can be actuated by an actuator, has a switch element that can be brought into at least two switching positions and interacts with the locking mechanism in such a manner that the displacement element can be locked and unlocked in a first switching position of the switch element and cannot be locked and not unlocked in a second switching position of the switch element.

Description

Bezeichnung der Erfindung  Name of the invention
Schaltbare Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung Beschreibung Switchable pressure supply device Description
Gebiet der Erfindung Die Erfindung liegt auf dem technischen Gebiet der Brennkraftmaschinen und betrifft eine schaltbare Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung zumindest eines Verbrauchers einer Brennkraftmaschine. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines and relates to a switchable device for supplying pressure to at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Aus der Patentschrift EP 1 197641 A2 ist ein Druckspeicher zum Unterstützen einer hydraulisch verstellbaren Nockenwelle bekannt, bei der ein Druckmittel- fluss in oder aus dem Druckspeicher durch Verwendung unterschiedlicher Magnetventile gesteuert wird. From the patent EP 1 197641 A2 a pressure accumulator for supporting a hydraulically adjustable camshaft is known, in which a pressure medium flow in or out of the pressure accumulator is controlled by using different solenoid valves.
Die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 102007056684 A1 der Anmelderin zeigt einen Druckspeicher mit einem eigenem Gehäuse. The German patent application DE 102007056684 A1 of the applicant shows a pressure accumulator with its own housing.
Weiterhin beschreibt die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 10228354 A1 einen in einen inneren Hohlraum einer Nockenwelle integrierten Druckspeicher, wodurch Bauraum in der Brennkraftmaschine eingespart werden kann. Furthermore, the German patent application DE 10228354 A1 describes an integrated in an inner cavity of a camshaft pressure accumulator, which space can be saved in the internal combustion engine.
Aufgabe der Erfindung Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, herkömmliche Druckspeicher zur Druckversorgung von Verbrauchern in einer Brennkraftmaschine in vorteilhafter Weise weiterzubilden. Lösung der Aufgabe OBJECT OF THE INVENTION In contrast, the object of the present invention is to further develop conventional pressure accumulators for supplying pressure to consumers in an internal combustion engine in an advantageous manner. Solution of the task
Diese und weitere Aufgaben werden nach dem Vorschlag der Erfindung durch eine schaltbare Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche angegeben. These and other objects are achieved according to the proposal of the invention by a switchable device for supplying pressure with the features of the main claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are indicated by the features of the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine schaltbare Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung (schaltbarer Druckspeicher) mindestens eines Verbrauchers einer Brennkraftmaschine gezeigt. Bei dem Verbraucher kann es sich insbesondere um einen hydraulischen Nockenwellenversteller zur Verstellung der Phasenlage zwischen Kurbel- und Nockenwelle handeln. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass die Vorrichtung beispielsweise bei einer elektrohydraulischen Ventilbetätigungsvorrichtung der Brennkraftmaschine eingesetzt wird. According to the invention, a switchable device for supplying pressure (switchable pressure accumulator) to at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine is shown. The consumer may in particular be a hydraulic camshaft adjuster for adjusting the phase angle between crankshaft and camshaft. However, it is also conceivable that the device is used for example in an electro-hydraulic valve actuating device of the internal combustion engine.
Die Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung umfasst ein Gehäuse mit einem Hohlraum. Bei dem Hohlraum kann es sich beispielsweise um einen inneren Hohlraum einer Nockenwelle handeln, so dass die Nockenwelle das Gehäuse der schaltbaren Vorrichtung bildet. Alternativ kann auch ein von der hohlen Nockenwelle verschiedenes Gehäuse mit einem Hohlraum vorgesehen sein, welches dann in einen inneren Hohlraum der Nockenwelle eingesetzt wird. The pressure supply device comprises a housing with a cavity. The cavity may, for example, be an internal cavity of a camshaft so that the camshaft forms the housing of the switchable device. Alternatively, a different from the hollow camshaft housing may be provided with a cavity, which is then inserted into an inner cavity of the camshaft.
Die Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung umfasst weiterhin ein im Gehäusehohlraum angeordnetes Verlagerungselement, das zwischen einer ersten Endstel- lung und einer zweiten Endstellung verlagerbar ist. Das Verlagerungselement weist eine Druckfläche auf, die gemeinsam mit einer Wand des Gehäusehohlraums einen mit dem Verbraucher fluidleitend verbindbaren oder verbundenen Vorratsraum zumindest teilweise begrenzt. Der Vorratsraum ist mit einer Druckbzw. Druckmittelquelle fluidleitend verbindbar oder verbunden. Beispielsweise ist der Vorratsraum an den Schmierölkreis der Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossen, wobei eine Ölpumpe als Druckquelle dient und Öl des Schmierölkreises als Druckmittel verwendet wird. Das Verlagerungselement kann bei- spielsweise in Form eines Kolbens mit einer stirnseitigen Druckfläche ausgebildet sein. The device for pressure supply furthermore comprises a displacement element arranged in the housing cavity, which can be displaced between a first end position and a second end position. The displacement element has a pressure surface which, together with a wall of the housing cavity, at least partially delimits a reservoir which can be connected or connected to the load in a fluid-conducting manner. The pantry is with a Druckbzw. Pressure medium source fluidly connected or connected. For example, the storage space is connected to the lubricating oil circuit of the internal combustion engine, wherein an oil pump serves as a pressure source and oil of the lubricating oil circuit is used as a pressure medium. The displacement element can For example, be formed in the form of a piston with a frontal pressure surface.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst des Weiteren einen Kraftspeicher, der mit dem Verlagerungselement so zusammenwirkt, dass das Verlagerungselement durch Druckbeaufschlagung des Vorratsraums gegen die Kraft des Kraftspeichers von der ersten Endstellung in die zweite Endstellung verlagert werden kann. Der Kraftspeicher ist beispielsweise als Federelement, insbesondere in Form einer Druckfeder, ausgebildet, wobei auch jeder andere ge- eignete Federtyp eingesetzt werden kann. The device according to the invention further comprises a force accumulator which cooperates with the displacement element so that the displacement element can be displaced from the first end position into the second end position by pressurizing the reservoir against the force of the force accumulator. The energy accumulator is designed for example as a spring element, in particular in the form of a compression spring, wherein any other suitable spring type can be used.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst weiterhin einen Verriegelungsmechanismus, durch den das Verlagerungselement in der zweiten Endstellung, in der der Kraftspeicher gespannt ist, lösbar verriegelt werden kann. In einer von der zweiten Endstellung verschiedenen Stellung des Verlagerungselements, insbesondere in der ersten Endstellung, kann das Verlagerungselement durch den Verriegelungsmechanismus nicht verriegelt werden. The device according to the invention further comprises a locking mechanism, by means of which the displacement element can be releasably locked in the second end position in which the force accumulator is tensioned. In a different position of the displacement element from the second end position, in particular in the first end position, the displacement element can not be locked by the locking mechanism.
Des Weiteren umfasst die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung einen durch einen Aktuator betätigten Schaltmechanismus mit einem Schaltelement, das in wenigstens zwei Schaltstellungen gebracht werden kann, wobei das Schaltelement so mit dem Verriegelungsmechanismus zusammenwirkt, dass das Verlagerungselement in einer ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements sowohl aus einem entriegelten Zustand verriegelbar als auch aus einem verriegelten Zu- stand entriegelbar ist und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements im entriegelten Zustand weder verriegelbar noch im verriegelten Zustand entriegelbar ist. Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises an actuated by an actuator switching mechanism with a switching element, which can be brought into at least two switching positions, wherein the switching element cooperates with the locking mechanism, that the displacement element in a first switching position of the switching element from both an unlocked state locked is unlocked from a locked state and in a second switching position of the switching element in the unlocked state neither locked nor unlocked in the locked state.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht bei vergleichsweise geringem Bauraumbedarf eine zuverlässige und sichere Druckversorgung von Verbrauchern einer Brennkraftmaschine, die unabhängig vom Druck im Schmierkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung steht. Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung um- fasst diese ein mit dem Gehäuse starr verbundenes Kugelträgerelement mit einem Trägerhohlraum, in dem das Schaltelement zumindest teilweise aufgenommen ist. Dabei weist das Kugelträgerelement eine Mehrzahl Öffnungen auf, in denen jeweils eine Kugel radial beweglich aufgenommen ist. Die Kugeln liegen einer vom Schaltelement geformten Außenmantelfläche an. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung umfasst die Vorrichtung weiterhin ein mit dem Verlagerungselement starr verbundenes Verriegelungselement, das mit einem Verriegelungsabschnitt versehen ist, der in zweiter Endstellung des Verlage- rungselements in Eingriff mit den Kugeln gelangen kann, beispielsweise indem er diese hintergreift, um hierdurch das Verlagerungselement am Gehäuse zu verriegeln. Andererseits kann das Verriegelungselement in erster Endstellung des Verlagerungselements nicht in Eingriff mit den Kugeln gelangen, so dass das Verlagerungselement nicht verriegelt ist. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Vor- richtung ist des Weiteren ein Rückstellelement vorgesehen, das so angeordnet ist, dass das Schaltelement gegen die Kraft des Rückstellelements durch den Aktuator von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung relativ zum Kugelträgerelement verlagerbar ist. Das erste Rückstellelement ist beispielsweise als Federelement, insbesondere in Form einer Druckfeder, ausgebildet, wobei auch jeder andere geeignete Federtyp einsetzbar ist. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung ist die Außenmantelfläche des Schaltelements mit zumindest einer den Kugeln zugeordneten Ausnehmung versehen, die so ausgebildet und angeordnet ist, dass die Kugeln in der zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements in der Ausnehmung zumindest teilweise aufgenommen werden können, so dass der Verriegelungsabschnitt außer Eingriff mit den Kugeln gelangt und die Arretierung des Verlagerungselements gelöst wird. Andererseits werden die Kugeln von der Ausnehmung der Stützfläche in der ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements nicht aufgenommen, so dass die Arretierung des Verlagerungselements beibehalten wird. The inventive device allows for a comparatively small space requirement, a reliable and secure pressure supply to consumers of an internal combustion engine, which is independent of the pressure in the lubrication circuit of the internal combustion engine available. In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention this includes a ball carrier element rigidly connected to the housing with a carrier cavity in which the switching element is at least partially accommodated. In this case, the ball carrier element has a plurality of openings, in each of which a ball is received radially movable. The balls are applied to an outer circumferential surface formed by the switching element. In this embodiment of the device, the device furthermore comprises a locking element which is rigidly connected to the displacement element and which is provided with a locking portion which, in the second end position of the displacement element, can engage with the balls, for example by engaging them behind, thereby forming the displacement element to lock on the housing. On the other hand, in the first end position of the displacement element, the locking element can not engage with the balls, so that the displacement element is not locked. In this embodiment of the device, a restoring element is further provided, which is arranged so that the switching element is displaceable relative to the force of the restoring element by the actuator from the first switching position to the second switching position relative to the ball carrier element. The first return element is formed, for example, as a spring element, in particular in the form of a compression spring, wherein any other suitable spring type can be used. In this embodiment of the device, the outer circumferential surface of the switching element is provided with at least one recess associated with the balls, which is formed and arranged so that the balls can be at least partially received in the recess in the second switching position of the switching element, so that the locking portion disengaged arrives with the balls and the locking of the displacement element is released. On the other hand, the balls are not received by the recess of the support surface in the first switching position of the switching element, so that the locking of the displacement element is maintained.
Diese Maßnahmen ermöglichen eine technisch besonders einfache Realisierung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, die sich durch ein besonders gutes Ansprechverhalten auszeichnet. In obiger Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann es weiterhin von Vorteil sein, wenn ein mit dem Kugelträgerelement starr verbundenes Sicherungselement angeordnet ist, welches einen Anschlag für eine radial auswärts gerichtete Bewe- gung der Kugeln bildet, derart, dass die Kugeln in den Öffnungen verliergesichert aufgenommen sind. In einer technisch einfachen Realisierung des Sicherungselements ist dieses topfförmig ausgebildet und von einer Seite her auf das Kugelträgerelement aufgebracht. Dabei können das Sicherungselement und das Kugelträgerelement beispielsweise durch Verpressen starr miteinan- der verbunden sein. Durch das Sicherungselement wird somit eine Verliersicherung für die Kugeln geschaffen, wenn diese nicht in Eingriff mit dem Verriegelungsabschnitt des Verriegelungselements sind. These measures allow a technically particularly simple realization of the device according to the invention, which is characterized by a particularly good response. In the above embodiment of the invention may also be advantageous if a rigidly connected to the ball carrier element securing element is arranged, which forms a stop for a radially outward movement of the balls, such that the balls are taken secured against loss in the openings. In a technically simple realization of the securing element this is cup-shaped and applied from one side to the ball carrier element. In this case, the securing element and the ball carrier element can be rigidly connected to one another by pressing, for example. By the securing element thus a captive for the balls is created when they are not in engagement with the locking portion of the locking element.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrich- tung zur Druckversorgung ist diese mit einem den Hohlraum nach außen hin verschließenden Verschlusselement versehen, an dem sich der Kraftspeicher des Verlagerungselements abstützt. Das Verschlusselement kann dabei insbesondere zur Lagesicherung des Kraftspeichers dienen. In diesem Fall kann es weiterhin von Vorteil sein, wenn das Kugelträgerelement mit dem Verschluss- element starr verbunden ist. Zudem kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn das Verschlusselement mit einer Durchgangsöffnung versehen ist, in der ein mit dem Schaltelement zusammenwirkender, vom Aktuator betätigbarer Schaltkörper verlagerbar aufgenommen ist. Durch diese Maßnahmen kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in besonders einfacher Weise technisch realisiert werden. In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention for supplying pressure, the latter is provided with a closing element closing off the cavity to the outside, on which the force accumulator of the displacement element is supported. The closure element can serve in particular for securing the position of the force accumulator. In this case, it may also be advantageous if the ball carrier element is rigidly connected to the closure element. In addition, it may be advantageous if the closure element is provided with a passage opening in which a cooperating with the switching element, actuated by the actuator switch body is received displaceably. By these measures, the device according to the invention can be technically realized in a particularly simple manner.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist der Vorratsraum unter Zwischenschaltung mindestens einer Auslaufsicherung mit der Druckquelle und gegebenenfalls dem Verbraucher fluidleitend verbindbar oder verbunden. Die Auslaufsicherung ist so ausgebildet, dass sie den Durchfluss von druckbeaufschlagtem Druckmittel ermöglicht, wohingegen sie den Durchfluss von nicht druckbeaufschlagtem, lediglich dem hydrostatischen Druck unterliegendem Druckmittel sperrt. Somit kann durch die Auslaufsicherung ein Auslaufen des Vorratsraums bei Fehlen einer Druckspeisung durch die Druckquelle, beispielsweise bei fehlender Förderung der Ölpumpe, verhindert werden. Die Auslaufsicherung kann als Begrenzung des Vorrats- raums dienen und kann insbesondere einen Anschlag für das Verlagerungs- element in der ersten Endstellung bilden. Der Aufbau einer solchen Auslaufsi- cherung ist dem Fachmann an sich bekannt und in der Patentliteratur beispielsweise in der DE 19615076 beschrieben. In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the storage space can be fluidly connected or connected to the pressure source and possibly the consumer with the interposition of at least one outlet safety device. The leakage protection is designed so that it allows the flow of pressurized pressure medium, whereas it blocks the flow of non-pressurized, only the hydrostatic pressure underlying the pressure medium. Thus, by the leakage protection leakage of the storage space in the absence of a pressure feed be prevented by the pressure source, for example, in the absence of promotion of the oil pump. The leakage protection can serve as a limitation of the storage space and can in particular form a stop for the displacement element in the first end position. The construction of such a leakage protection is known per se to a person skilled in the art and described in the patent literature, for example in DE 19615076.
Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist die Druckquelle über ein in Richtung zur Druckquelle sperrendes Rück- schlagventil mit dem Vorratsraum fluidleitend verbindbar oder verbunden. In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the pressure source via a blocking in the direction of the pressure source check valve with the reservoir space fluidly connected or connected.
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich weiterhin auf eine Brennkraftmaschine, die mit zumindest einer wie oben beschriebenen schaltbaren Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung mindestens eines Verbrauchers ausgerüstet ist. The invention further extends to an internal combustion engine which is equipped with at least one switchable device as described above for supplying pressure to at least one consumer.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Brief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, wobei Bezug auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen genommen wird. Gleiche bzw. gleich wirkende Elemente sind in den Zeichnungen mit denselben Bezugszahlen bezeichnet. Es zeigen: The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment, reference being made to the accompanying drawings. Identical or equivalent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine schematische Axialschnittdarstellung mit vergrößertem Ausschnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vor- richtung zur Druckversorgung; 1 is a schematic axial sectional view with enlarged detail of an embodiment of the inventive device for pressure supply;
Fig. 2 eine schematische Übersichtsdarstellung, anhand derer der An- schluss der Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung von Fig. 1 an den Schmierölkreis einer Brennkraftmaschine veranschaulicht ist; FIG. 2 shows a schematic overview representation, with reference to which the connection of the device for supplying pressure to FIG. 1 to the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine is illustrated; FIG.
Fig. 3A-3C vergrößerte Axialschnittdarstellungen zur Veranschaulichung der 3A-3C are enlarged axial sectional views for illustrating the
Verriegelung der Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung von Fig. 1 ; Fig. 4A-4C vergrößerte Axialschnittdarstellungen zur Veranschaulichung der Entriegelung der Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung von Fig. 1 . Locking the device for supplying pressure of Fig. 1; 4A-4C are enlarged axial sectional views illustrating the unlocking of the pressure supply apparatus of FIG. 1.
Ausführliche Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Detailed description of the drawings
Seien zunächst Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 betrachtet, worin ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung von Verbrauchern einer Brennkraftmaschine, sowie der Anschluss der Vorrichtung an den Schmieröl- kreis einer Brennkraftmaschine veranschaulicht sind. Die insgesamt mit der Bezugszahl 1 bezeichnete Vorrichtung kann in einen Nockenwellenhohlraum 5 einer hohlen Nockenwelle 6 eingesetzt werden. Die hier beispielsweise gebaute Nockenwelle 6, welche auf ihrer Außenumfangsfläche mit einer Mehrzahl Nocken 25 versehen ist, kann um eine zentrale Drehachse 7 gedreht werden. Gleichermaßen wäre jedoch auch denkbar, dass die Nockenwelle 6 im Schmie- deverfahren hergestellt ist. First, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 considered, wherein an embodiment of the inventive device for supplying pressure to consumers of an internal combustion engine, and the connection of the device to the lubricating oil circuit of an internal combustion engine are illustrated. The device generally designated by the reference numeral 1 can be inserted into a camshaft cavity 5 of a hollow camshaft 6. The camshaft 6 constructed here, for example, which is provided on its outer peripheral surface with a plurality of cams 25, can be rotated about a central axis of rotation 7. Equally, however, it would also be conceivable that the camshaft 6 is produced in the forging process.
Die Vorrichtung 1 zur Druckversorgung von Verbrauchern einer Brennkraftmaschine umfasst ein hohlzylindrisches Gehäuse 2 ("Kartusche"), das in Passform zum Nockenwellenhohlraum 5 ausgebildet ist, so dass die Vorrichtung 1 in einfacher Weise in die Nockenwelle 6 integriert werden kann, indem das Gehäuse 2 in den Nockenwellenhohlraum 5 eingebracht und mit der Nockenwelle 6 fest verbunden wird. The device 1 for supplying pressure to consumers of an internal combustion engine comprises a hollow cylindrical housing 2 ("cartridge"), which is formed in a manner adapted to the camshaft cavity 5, so that the device 1 can be easily integrated into the camshaft 6 by the housing 2 in the camshaft cavity 5 is introduced and firmly connected to the camshaft 6.
Das Gehäuse 2 formt einen Gehäusehohlraum 3, in dem ein in Form eines Kolbens 4 ausgebildetes Verlagerungselement axial verschiebbar aufgenommen ist. Im Gehäusehohlraum 3 ist weiterhin ein in Form eines Stufenzylinders ausgebildeter Verschlusskörper 7 eingepresst, der sich von einem Ende des Gehäuses 2 her in den Gehäusehohlraum 3 hinein erstreckt. Er kann in einen endständigen ersten Abschnitt 8 mit größerem Durchmesser und einen sich daran anschließenden zweiten Abschnitt 9 mit kleinerem Durchmesser unterteilt werden, wodurch eine Ringstufe 10 geformt wird. An der Ringstufe 10 stützt sich eine als Kraftspeicher dienende Kraftspeicherfeder (Schrauben- druckfeder) 1 1 mit ihrem einen Ende ab, welche mit ihrem anderen Ende dem Kolben 4 anliegt. The housing 2 forms a housing cavity 3, in which a displacement element designed in the form of a piston 4 is received in an axially displaceable manner. In the housing cavity 3 further formed in the form of a stepped cylinder closure body 7 is pressed, which extends from one end of the housing 2 ago in the housing cavity 3 inside. It may be divided into a larger diameter terminal first section 8 and an adjoining second smaller diameter section 9, thereby forming an annular step 10. At the ring stage 10, a force storage spring serving as an energy accumulator (screw pressure spring) 1 1 with its one end, which abuts the piston 4 with its other end.
Der mit dem Gehäuse 2 fest verbundene Verschlusskörper 7 ist mit einer zent- ralen Axialbohrung 12 versehen, in der eine Schaltstange 13 axial verschiebbar aufgenommen ist. Die Schaltstange 13 kann durch einen elektromagnetischen Aktuator 14 betätigt werden, wobei zu diesem Zweck ein nicht näher dargestellter Stößel an einer stirnseitigen Stoßfläche der Schaltstange 13 angreift. Die Schaltstange 12 ist Teil eines Schaltmechanismus zum Verriegeln und Lösen eines Verriegelungsmechanismus für den Kolben 4, welcher weiter unten näher erläutert wird. Der Kolben 4 weist eine stirnseitige Druckfläche 15 auf, die gemeinsam mit einer Gehäusehohlraumwand 16 des Gehäusehohlraums 3 einen Vorratsraum 17 für Drucköl zumindest teilweise begrenzt. Gegenüberliegend zum Aktuator 14 ist ein hydraulischer Nockenwellenverstel- ler 18 beispielsweise mittels einer (nicht dargestellten) Zentralschraube an der Stirnseite der Nockenwelle 6 befestigt. Wie üblich umfasst der hydraulische Nockenwellenversteller 18 ein über ein Antriebsrad mit der Kurbelwelle in Antriebsverbindung stehendes Antriebsteil und ein nockenwellenfestes Ab- triebsteil, sowie einen zwischen An- und Abtriebsteil geschalteten hydraulischen Stellantrieb, welcher das Drehmoment vom An- auf das Abtriebsteil ü- berträgt und eine Verstellung und Fixierung der Drehlage zwischen diesen ermöglicht. Der hydraulische Stellantrieb ist mit wenigstens einem gegeneinander wirkenden Druckkammerpaar versehen, das gezielt mit Drucköl beauf- schlagbar ist, um durch Erzeugen eines Druckgefälles über die beiden Druckkammern eine Änderung der Drehlage zwischen An- und Abtriebsteil herbeizuführen. Hydraulische Nockenwellenversteller als solche sind dem Fachmann wohlbekannt und beispielsweise in den Druckschriften DE 202005008264 U1 , EP 1596040 A2, DE 102005013141 A1 , DE 19908934 A1 und WO 2006/039966 der Anmelderin eingehend beschrieben, so dass hier nicht näher darauf eingegangen werden muss. Wie der Übersichtsdarstellung von Fig. 2 entnonnnnen werden kann, sind der hydraulische Nockenwellenversteller 18 und der Vorratsraum 17 über eine Druckleitung 19 mit einer in Form einer Ölpumpe 20 ausgebildeten Druck- bzw. Druckmittelquelle fluidleitend verbunden. Dabei ist die Druckleitung 19 an in den Nockenwellenhohlraum 5 mündende Radialöffnungen 26 der Nockenwelle 6 angeschlossen. Somit kann durch die Ölpumpe 20 Drucköl aus einem Öltank 21 zum Nockenwellenversteller 18 und Vorratsraum 17 befördert werden. Ein in der Druckleitung 19 angeordnetes Rückschlagventil 22, das in Richtung zur Ölpumpe 20 sperrt, verhindert ein Rückläufen von Drucköl bei verminderter bzw. fehlender Förderleistung der Ölpumpe 20. The closure body 7 fixedly connected to the housing 2 is provided with a central axial bore 12 in which a switching rod 13 is received in an axially displaceable manner. The shift rod 13 can be actuated by an electromagnetic actuator 14, for which purpose a non-illustrated plunger engages a front-side abutment surface of the shift rod 13. The shift rod 12 is part of a switching mechanism for locking and releasing a locking mechanism for the piston 4, which will be explained in more detail below. The piston 4 has an end-face pressure surface 15 which, together with a housing cavity wall 16 of the housing cavity 3, at least partially delimits a reservoir 17 for pressurized oil. Opposite to the actuator 14, a hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 is fastened to the end face of the camshaft 6, for example, by means of a central screw (not shown). As usual, the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 comprises a driving part which is drivingly connected to the crankshaft via a drive wheel and a camshaft-fixed drive part, as well as a hydraulic actuator connected between drive and driven part, which transmits the torque from the to the driven part and a Adjustment and fixation of the rotational position between these allows. The hydraulic actuator is provided with at least one oppositely acting pressure chamber pair, which can be targeted beaufschlagbar with pressure oil to bring about by creating a pressure gradient across the two pressure chambers, a change in the rotational position between the input and output part. Hydraulic camshaft adjusters as such are well known to the person skilled in the art and described in detail for example in the publications DE 202005008264 U1, EP 1596040 A2, DE 102005013141 A1, DE 19908934 A1 and WO 2006/039966 by the applicant, so that they need not be discussed in more detail here. 2, the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 and the reservoir 17 are fluid-conductively connected via a pressure line 19 to a pressure or pressure medium source designed in the form of an oil pump 20. In this case, the pressure line 19 is connected to opening into the camshaft cavity 5 radial openings 26 of the camshaft 6. Thus, by the oil pump 20 pressure oil from an oil tank 21 to the camshaft adjuster 18 and reservoir 17 are transported. A non-return valve 22 arranged in the pressure line 19, which blocks in the direction of the oil pump 20, prevents a return of pressure oil at a reduced or missing delivery rate of the oil pump 20.
In der Zentralschraube zur Befestigung des Nockenwellenverstellers 18 an der Nockenwelle 6 ist ein nicht näher dargestelltes Steuerventil zur Steuerung der Ölströme angeordnet, durch das die Druckkammern des Nockenwellenverstel- lers 18 wahlfrei mit der Ölpumpe 20 oder mit dem Öltank 21 fluidleitend verbunden werden können. Derartige Steuerventile sind dem Fachmann als solche wohlbekannt und beispielsweise in dem deutschen Patent DE 19727180 C2, dem deutschen Patent DE 19616973 C2, der europäischen Patentanmeldung EP 1 596 041 A2 und der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 102 39 207 A1 der Anmelderin eingehend beschrieben, so dass hier nicht näher darauf eingegangen werden muss. In the central screw for fixing the camshaft adjuster 18 to the camshaft 6, a not-shown control valve for controlling the oil flows is arranged, through which the pressure chambers of the camshaft adjuster 18 can optionally be fluid-conductively connected to the oil pump 20 or to the oil tank 21. Such control valves are well-known to those skilled in the art as such and described in detail for example in the German patent DE 19727180 C2, the German patent DE 19616973 C2, the European patent application EP 1 596 041 A2 and the German patent application DE 102 39 207 A1 of the applicant, so that here does not need to be discussed further.
In der Vorrichtung 1 kommuniziert der Vorratsraum 17 mit dem hydraulischen Nockenwellenversteller 18 bzw. dessen Steuerventil. Zudem sind weitere Verbraucher an den Schmierölkreis angeschlossen, wie Abstützelemente 23 und Lagerstellen 24 der Nockenwelle 6, welche mit Drucköl versorgt werden müssen. Obgleich dies in den Figuren nicht gezeigt ist, kann eine Auslaufsicherung zur Begrenzung des Vorratsraums 17 vorgesehen sein, welche insbesondere als Anschlag für den Kolben 4 dienen kann. In the device 1, the storage space 17 communicates with the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18 or its control valve. In addition, other consumers are connected to the lubricating oil circuit, such as support members 23 and bearings 24 of the camshaft 6, which must be supplied with pressure oil. Although this is not shown in the figures, a leakage protection for limiting the storage space 17 may be provided, which may serve in particular as a stop for the piston 4.
In der Vorrichtung 1 kann der Kolben 4 durch Druckbeaufschlagung des Vorratsraums 17 entgegen der Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 axial verschoben werden, indem Drucköl von der Ölpumpe 20 über die Druckleitung 19 in den Vorratsraum 17 gefördert wird. Dabei wird der Kolben 4 von einer ersten Endlage in eine zweite Endlage verschoben, in der die Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 gespannt bzw. bei Vorliegen einer Vorspannung stärker gespannt wird. Über nicht näher dargestellte Ringdichtungen ist der Vorratsraum 17 nach außen hin öldicht verschlossen. In the device 1, the piston 4 can be displaced axially by pressurizing the storage space 17 against the spring force of the energy storage spring 1 1 by pressure oil from the oil pump 20 via the pressure line 19 in the storage space 17 is promoted. In this case, the piston 4 is moved from a first end position to a second end position in which the energy storage spring 1 1 is stretched or more tensioned in the presence of a bias. About not shown ring seals the reservoir 17 is closed to the outside oil-tight.
In der zweiten Endlage kann der Kolben 4 durch einen Verriegelungsmechanismus arretiert werden. Der Verriegelungsmechanismus umfasst einen in einen topfförmigen Endabschnitt 27 des Verschlusskörpers 7 eingepressten hül- senförmigen Kugelträger 31 , der eine Mehrzahl in Umfangsrichtung verteilt angeordneter, radialer Bohrungen 29 aufweist, in denen jeweils eine Kugel 30 aufgenommen ist. Dabei haben die Bohrungen 29 jeweils einen größeren Durchmesser als die Kugeln 30, so dass diese in den Bohrungen 29 radial frei beweglich sind. Der Kugelträger 28 ist mit dem Verschlusskörper 7 starr ver- bunden. In the second end position, the piston 4 can be locked by a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism comprises a sleeve-shaped ball carrier 31, which is pressed into a cup-shaped end section 27 of the closure body 7 and has a plurality of radial bores 29 distributed in the circumferential direction, in each of which a ball 30 is accommodated. The holes 29 each have a larger diameter than the balls 30, so that they are radially freely movable in the holes 29. The ball carrier 28 is rigidly connected to the closure body 7.
Auf den dem Verschlusskörper 7 gegenüberliegenden freien Endabschnitt des Kugelträgers 28 ist ein topfförmiger Sicherungskörper 31 , bestehend aus einer Bodenwand 33 und einem hohlzylindrischen Hülsenteil 32, aufgepresst. Dabei ist der Hülsenteil 32 des Sicherungskörpers 31 so bemessen, dass er die radialen Bohrungen 29 mit einem gewissen Überstand teilweise überdeckt, so dass nur eine bestimmte radial auswärts gerichtete Bewegung der Kugeln 30 ermöglicht ist. Eine darüber hinaus gehende radial auswärts gerichtete Bewegung der Kugeln 30 ist durch den Hülsenteil 32 blockiert, so dass die Kugeln 30 jeweils in den Bohrungen 29 aufgenommen bleiben. On the closure body 7 opposite free end portion of the ball carrier 28 is a cup-shaped fuse body 31, consisting of a bottom wall 33 and a hollow cylindrical sleeve member 32, pressed. In this case, the sleeve part 32 of the securing body 31 is dimensioned such that it partially covers the radial bores 29 with a certain projection, so that only a certain radially outward movement of the balls 30 is made possible. Beyond that, radially outwardly directed movement of the balls 30 is blocked by the sleeve part 32, so that the balls 30 each remain received in the bores 29.
In einem Trägerhohlraum 34 des Kugelträgers 28 ist ein mit der axial verschiebbaren Schaltstange 13 gekoppelter Schaltpin 35 axial verschiebbar aufgenommen. Der Schaltpin 35 weist eine erste Stirnfläche 36 auf, welche mit einem stirnseitigen Ende der Schaltstange 35 gekoppelt ist. In Trägerhohlraum 34 ist weiterhin eine Rückstellfeder 39 aufgenommen, die sich mit einem Ende an einer der ersten Stirnfläche 37 gegenüberliegenden zweiten Stirnfläche 37 des Schaltpins 35 und mit ihrem anderen Ende an einer Innenfläche 38 der Bodenwand 33 des Sicherungskörpers 31 abstützt. Die Rückstellfeder 39 ist hier beispielsweise als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildet, kann jedoch auch von jedem anderen geeigneten Federtyp sein. Der Schaltpin 35 kann somit durch Bewegen der Schaltstange 13 durch den Stößel des Aktuators 14 entge- gen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 axial verschoben werden. Dabei wirkt der Stößel auf die stirnseitige Stoßfläche der Schaltstange 13 ein, wobei der Stößel an einem Magnetanker eines Elektromagneten des Aktuators 14 starr befestigt ist und durch Bestromen des Magnetankers axial verschoben werden kann. Wird der Magnetanker nicht bestromt, wird der Schaltpin 35 durch die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 rückgestellt. In a carrier cavity 34 of the ball carrier 28 is coupled to the axially displaceable shift rod 13 switching pin 35 is received axially displaceable. The switching pin 35 has a first end face 36, which is coupled to a front end of the shift rod 35. In carrier cavity 34, a return spring 39 is further included, with one end to one of the first end face 37 opposite the second end face 37 of the switch pin 35 and with its other end to an inner surface 38 of Bottom wall 33 of the fuse body 31 is supported. The return spring 39 is formed here, for example, as a helical compression spring, but may also be of any other suitable spring type. The switching pin 35 can thus be displaced axially by moving the switching rod 13 by the plunger of the actuator 14 against the spring force of the return spring 39. In this case, the plunger acts on the front-side abutment surface of the shift rod 13, wherein the plunger is rigidly secured to a magnet armature of an electromagnet of the actuator 14 and can be moved axially by energizing the magnet armature. If the magnet armature is not energized, the switching pin 35 is reset by the spring force of the return spring 39.
Eine Außenmantelfläche 40 des Schaltpins 35 ist mit einer umlaufenden Ringnut 41 versehen, die den Kugeln 30 zugeordnet und in Passform zu den Kugeln 30 ausgebildet ist. Der Schaltpin 35 kann durch die gegeneinander wirkenden Kräfte von Aktuator 14 und Rückstellfeder 39 zwischen zwei Endstellungen hin und her bewegt werden. In einer ersten Endstellung ohne Bestromung des Aktuators 14 befinden sich die Kugeln 30 außerhalb der Ringnut 41 . In einer zweiten Endstellung mit bestromtem Aktuator 14 können die Kugeln 30 in die Ringnut 41 eintauchen. Stets liegen die Kugeln 30 der Außenmantelfläche 40 des Schaltpins 35 an, so dass sie in Verbindung mit dem Sicherungskörper 31 verliergesichert in ihren Bohrungen 29 aufgenommen sind. An outer circumferential surface 40 of the switching pin 35 is provided with a circumferential annular groove 41, which is assigned to the balls 30 and formed in a fit to the balls 30. The switching pin 35 can be moved back and forth between two end positions by the counteracting forces of actuator 14 and return spring 39. In a first end position without energization of the actuator 14, the balls 30 are outside of the annular groove 41st In a second end position with energized actuator 14, the balls 30 can dip into the annular groove 41. Always the balls 30 of the outer circumferential surface 40 of the switch pin 35, so that they are taken in connection with the fuse body 31 secured against loss in their holes 29.
Auf den Kolben 4 ist ein Verriegelungskörper 42 aufgepresst. Der Verriege- lungskörper 42 ist zu diesem Zweck mit einem auf den topfförmigen Kolben 4 aufgebrachten hohlzylindrischen Hülsenabschnitt 43 versehen, an den sich ein Verriegelungsabschnitt 44 anschließt. Der Hülsenabschnitt 43 dient zur axialen Führung des Kolbens 4 innerhalb des Gehäusehohlraums 3. Der Verriegelungsabschnitt 44 verjüngt sich stufenförmig in Richtung zum Aktuator 14 hin. Dabei formt eine sich zum Aktuator 14 hin verjüngende, erste Stufe 45 eine ringförmige Stützfläche 47 für die Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 . Eine sich daran anschließende, zum Aktuator 14 hin verjüngende, zweite Stufe 46 formt eine ringförmige Sitzfläche 48 für die Kugeln 30. Ein an die zweite Stufe 46 angeformter Kragen 52, der sich bezüglich der zweiten Stufe 46 radial erweitert, formt eine Anlagefläche 49 für die Kugeln 30. On the piston 4, a locking body 42 is pressed. For this purpose, the locking body 42 is provided with a hollow-cylindrical sleeve section 43, which is applied to the cup-shaped piston 4, and is adjoined by a locking section 44. The sleeve portion 43 serves for axial guidance of the piston 4 within the housing cavity 3. The locking portion 44 tapers stepwise in the direction of the actuator 14 back. In this case, a first step 45 tapering towards the actuator 14 forms an annular support surface 47 for the energy storage spring 11. An adjoining second stage 46 tapering towards the actuator 14 forms an annular seating surface 48 for the balls 30. An integrally formed on the second step 46 Collar 52, which widens radially with respect to the second step 46, forms a contact surface 49 for the balls 30.
Es wird nun eine Ver- bzw. Entriegelung des Kolbens 4 der Vorrichtung 1 be- schrieben, wobei Bezug auf die Figuren 3A-3E genommen wird. A locking or unlocking of the piston 4 of the device 1 will now be described, reference being made to FIGS. 3A-3E.
Wird der Vorratsraum 17 durch die Ölpumpe 20 mit Drucköl beaufschlagt, wird der Kolben 4 über seine Druckfläche 15 gegen die Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 verschoben, bis die Anlagefläche 49 des Verriegelungskörpers 42 zur Anlage gegen die Kugeln 30 gelangt. Wird der Aktuator 14 nicht betätigt, wird der Schaltpin 35 durch die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 rückgestellt. In dieser Position des Schaltpins 35 befinden sich die Kugeln 30 außerhalb der Ringnut 41 . Dabei ist der Verriegelungsabschnitt 44 des Verriegelungskörpers 42 hinreichend verformungsfest, so dass er nicht über die Kugeln 30 hinweg gleiten kann. Diese Situation ist in Fig. 3A gezeigt. If the reservoir 17 is acted upon by the oil pump 20 with pressure oil, the piston 4 is moved over its pressure surface 15 against the spring force of the energy storage spring 1 1 until the contact surface 49 of the locking body 42 comes to rest against the balls 30. If the actuator 14 is not actuated, the shift pin 35 is reset by the spring force of the return spring 39. In this position of the switching pin 35, the balls 30 are outside the annular groove 41st In this case, the locking portion 44 of the locking body 42 is sufficiently resistant to deformation, so that it can not slide over the balls 30 away. This situation is shown in FIG. 3A.
Wird der Aktuator 14 durch Bestromen des Elektromagneten betätigt, wird die Schaltstange 13 durch den an der stirnseitigen Stoßfläche angreifenden Stößel gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 39 bewegt. Dabei wird der Schaltpin 35 durch die Schaltstange 13 in eine Position gebracht, bei der sich Ringnut 41 radial innenseitig der Bohrungen 29 bzw. Kugeln 30 befindet, so dass die Kugeln 30 in die Ringnut 41 eintauchen können. Somit werden die Kugeln 30, beaufschlagt durch den Verriegelungsabschnitt 44, in die Ringnut 41 gedrückt. Die Tiefe der Ringnut 41 ist so bemessen, dass der Kolben 4 bzw. der mit dem Kolben 4 starr verbundene Verriegelungsabschnitt 44 noch weiter entgegen der Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 verschoben werden kann. Beispielsweise sind die Kugeln 30 vollständig innerhalb der Bohrungen 29 aufgenommen und schließen zumindest annähernd bündig mit einer Außenmantelfläche des Kugelträgers 28 ab. Diese Situation ist in Fig. 3B gezeigt. If the actuator 14 is actuated by energizing the electromagnet, the shift rod 13 is moved against the force of the return spring 39 by the plunger acting on the face-side abutment surface. In this case, the shift pin 35 is brought by the shift rod 13 into a position in which annular groove 41 is radially inwardly of the holes 29 and balls 30, so that the balls 30 can dip into the annular groove 41. Thus, the balls 30, urged by the locking portion 44, are pressed into the annular groove 41. The depth of the annular groove 41 is dimensioned such that the piston 4 or the locking portion 44 rigidly connected to the piston 4 can be displaced even further against the spring force of the energy storage spring 11. For example, the balls 30 are completely received within the holes 29 and close at least approximately flush with an outer circumferential surface of the ball carrier 28 from. This situation is shown in Fig. 3B.
Wird der Kolben 4, beaufschlagt durch das Drucköl im Vorratsraum 17, weiter entgegen der Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 verschoben, gelangt schließlich eine stirnseitige Stoßfläche 50 des Verriegelungskörpers 42 zur Anlage gegen eine stirnseitige Stoßfläche 51 des Verschlusskörpers 7. Hierdurch ist eine Endstellung (in der Beschreibungseinleitung als "zweite Endstellung" bezeichnet) des Kolbens 4 definiert, bei der der Vorratsraum 17 maximal mit Drucköl befüllt ist. Wird der Aktuator 14 nicht mehr betätigt, d. h. wird die Bestromung des Elektromagneten beendet, wird der Schaltpin 35 durch die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 relativ zum Kugelträger 28 axial verschoben, wobei die Kugeln 30 aus der Ringnut 41 gegen die Sitzfläche 48 des Verriegelungsabschnitts 44 gedrückt werden. In dieser Position hintergreift der Verriegelungsabschnitt 43 die Kugeln 30, so dass der Kolben 4 axial fixiert ist. Diese Situation ist in Fig. 3C gezeigt. If the piston 4, acted upon by the pressure oil in the storage space 17, is further displaced counter to the spring force of the energy storage spring 11, finally an end-face abutting surface 50 of the locking body 42 arrives An end position (referred to in the introduction as "second end position") of the piston 4 is defined, in which the storage space 17 is filled to the maximum with pressure oil. If the actuator 14 is no longer actuated, that is, the energization of the electromagnet is terminated, the shift pin 35 is axially displaced by the spring force of the return spring 39 relative to the ball carrier 28, wherein the balls 30 are pressed from the annular groove 41 against the seat surface 48 of the locking portion 44 , In this position, the locking portion 43 engages behind the balls 30, so that the piston 4 is axially fixed. This situation is shown in Fig. 3C.
Der Kolben 4 kann somit erst durch Betätigen des Stößels zum Verschieben des Schaltpins 35 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung in seiner zweiten Endstellung verriegelt werden. Ohne Verschiebung des Schaltpins 35 in die zweite Schaltstellung kann der Kolben 4 nicht verriegelt werden. The piston 4 can thus be locked against the spring force of the return spring 39 from the first switching position to the second switching position in its second end position only by pressing the plunger to move the switching pin 35. Without displacement of the switching pin 35 in the second switching position, the piston 4 can not be locked.
Wird nun, ausgehend von einem verriegelten Kolben 4, wie in Fig. 3C gezeigt, der Aktuator 14 durch abermaliges Bestromen des Elektromagneten betätigt, wird die Schaltstange 13 durch den an der stirnseitigen Stoßfläche angreifenden Stößel gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 39 bewegt. Dabei wird der Schaltpin 35 durch die Schaltstange 13 in die zweite Schaltstellung gebracht, bei der sich Ringnut 41 radial innenseitig der Bohrungen 29 bzw. Kugeln 30 befindet, so dass die Kugeln 30 in die Ringnut 41 eintauchen können. Die Ku- geln 30 werden dann, beaufschlagt durch die Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 , über den Verriegelungsabschnitt 44, in die Ringnut 41 gedrückt. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Verriegelungsabschnitt 44 die Kugeln 30 nicht mehr hintergreift und die Verriegelung des Kolbens 4 gelöst wird. Diese Situation ist in Fig. 3D gezeigt. If now, starting from a locked piston 4, as shown in Fig. 3C, the actuator 14 actuated by repeated energization of the electromagnet, the shift rod 13 is moved by acting on the front-side abutting surface plunger against the force of the return spring 39. In this case, the shift pin 35 is brought by the shift rod 13 in the second switching position, in which annular groove 41 is radially inwardly of the holes 29 and balls 30, so that the balls 30 can dip into the annular groove 41. The balls 30 are then, acted upon by the spring force of the energy storage spring 1 1, via the locking portion 44, pressed into the annular groove 41. This has the consequence that the locking portion 44, the balls 30 no longer engages behind and the locking of the piston 4 is released. This situation is shown in FIG. 3D.
Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Kolben 4 durch die Federkraft der Kraftspeicherfeder 1 1 verschoben wird, wobei Drucköl aus dem Vorratsraum 17 zum hydraulischen Nockenwellenversteller 18 ausgestoßen wird. Der Kolben 4 wird, beaufschlagt durch die Federkraft, verschoben bis er zur Anlage gegen einen von schlagt durch die Federkraft, verschoben bis er zur Anlage gegen einen von der Nockenwelle 6 geformten Anschlag 53 gelangt, wodurch eine Endstellung des Kolbens 4 definiert ist (in der Beschreibungseinleitung als "erste Endstellung" bezeichnet). Eine Bewegung des Kolbens 4 zwischen den beiden End- Stellungen entspricht einem maximalen Kolbenhub des Kolbens 4, durch den das ausgestoßene Maximalvolumen gegeben ist. Alternativ könnte eine Auslaufsicherung als Endanschlag für den Kolben 4 dienen. This has the consequence that the piston 4 is displaced by the spring force of the energy storage spring 1 1, wherein pressure oil is discharged from the reservoir 17 to the hydraulic camshaft adjuster 18. The piston 4 is, acted upon by the spring force, moved until it abuts against one of strikes by the spring force, displaced until it comes to rest against a formed by the camshaft 6 stop 53, whereby an end position of the piston 4 is defined (referred to in the introduction to the introduction as "first end position"). A movement of the piston 4 between the two end positions corresponds to a maximum piston stroke of the piston 4, through which the ejected maximum volume is given. Alternatively, a leakage protection could serve as an end stop for the piston 4.
Der Kolben 4 kann somit erst durch Betätigen des Stößels zum Verschieben des Schaltpins 35 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 39 von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung entriegelt werden. Ohne Verschiebung des Schaltpins 35 in die zweite Schaltstellung kann der Kolben 4 nicht entriegelt werden. In der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung kann somit ein über ein separates Gehäuse in einen Hohlraum der Nockenwelle integrierter Kolben durch den Druck der Ölpumpe bei laufender Brennkraftmaschine gegen die Kraftspeicherfeder bis zu einem festgelegten Hub vorgespannt werden. In dieser Position rastet der Kolben durch kurzes Bestromen des radial entkoppelten Aktuators, welcher außerhalb der Nockenwelle montiert ist, in einem Haltemechanismus (Kugelarretierung) ein. Bei ausgeschalteter Brennkraftmaschine fällt der Öldruck in den Ölgalerien auf Umgebungsdruck, ebenso der Druck im Druckspeicher. Die E- nergie bleibt in der Kraftspeicherfeder gespeichert. Durch eine optionale Auslaufsicherung kann das "druckfreie" Schmieröl nicht aus dem Vorratsraum in die Ölgalerien oder über die Nockenwellenlagerstellen in den Zylinderkopf zurücklaufen. Als Auslaufsicherung dient beispielsweise eine Lamellen-Labyrinth- Auslaufsicherung, bestehend aus drei Blechen mit jeweils einer Bohrung in axialer Richtung am Außendurchmesser. Die Bleche sind zueinander um 120° verdreht. Der Druckspeicher hat keinen Druckverlust durch Leckagen. Aufwen- dige Hochdruckabdichtungen entfallen. Hierdurch wird die Systemreibung reduziert und mehr nutzbare Energie in der Kraftspeicherfeder gespeichert. Andererseits kann durch kurzes Bestromen des Aktuators der Arretiermechanismus des Kolbens gelöst werden. Mittels der vorgespannten Kraftspeicherfeder wird das Öl aus dem Vorratsraum zurück in den Ölkreislauf des Zylinderkopfs und den Nockenwellenversteller gedrückt, vorausgesetzt, dass der Versorgungsöldruck in den Ölgalerien kleiner ist als der mit dem Druckspeicher erzielbare Druck (Federelementkraft multipliziert mit Kolbendruckfläche). Um beim Entladen ein Rückfließen des Öls in Richtung Ölpumpe zu verhindern, ist zwischen der Ölpumpe und den Verbrauchern, die mit Öldruck aus dem Druckspeicher beaufschlagt werden sollen, ein Rückschlagventil mit Sperrrichtung in Richtung Ölpumpe vorgesehen. In der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist der Kolben axial im Gehäuse geführt und stützt sich über ein Federelement (z. B. Zug- oder Druckfeder) am Verschlusskörper, der in das Gehäuse eingepresst ist, ab. In den Verschlusskörper ist der Kugelträger eingepresst. Dieser weist beispielsweise acht Radialbohrungen auf, in denen jeweils eine Kugel geführt ist. Die Schaltstange ist mit dem Schaltpin gekoppelt und axial verschiebbar im Verschlusskörper gelagert. Der Aktuator ist beispielsweise in den Zylinderkopf eingeschraubt und drückt im bestromten Zustand auf die Schaltstange gegen die Rückstellfeder des Schaltpins. Die Anbindung zur Schaltstange/Nockenwelle erfolgt über eine Radialentkopplung. Der Sicherungskörper dient als Verliersicherung für die Kugeln. Durch die Anordnung im Hohlraum der Nockenwelle ergibt sich ein Bauraumvorteil gegenüber extern der Nockenwelle angeordneten Druckspeichern. The piston 4 can thus be unlocked by pressing the plunger to move the switch pin 35 against the spring force of the return spring 39 from the first switching position to the second switching position. Without displacement of the switching pin 35 in the second switching position, the piston 4 can not be unlocked. In the device according to the invention can thus be biased by a separate housing in a cavity of the camshaft piston by the pressure of the oil pump with the internal combustion engine running against the power storage spring up to a fixed stroke. In this position, the piston engages by a short energizing the radially decoupled actuator, which is mounted outside the camshaft, in a holding mechanism (ball lock). When the engine is switched off, the oil pressure in the oil galleries drops to ambient pressure, as does the pressure in the accumulator. The energy remains stored in the energy storage spring. An optional leakage protection means that the "pressure-free" lubricating oil can not run back from the storage room into the oil galleries or via the camshaft bearing points into the cylinder head. As a leakage protection, for example, a lamellar labyrinth leakage protection, consisting of three sheets, each with a bore in the axial direction on the outer diameter. The sheets are rotated by 120 ° to each other. The pressure accumulator has no pressure loss due to leaks. Expensive high-pressure seals are eliminated. As a result, the system friction is reduced and stored more usable energy in the energy storage spring. On the other hand, by briefly energizing the actuator, the locking mechanism of the piston can be released. By means of the prestressed energy storage spring For example, the oil from the reservoir is forced back into the oil circuit of the cylinder head and the phaser, provided that the supply oil pressure in the oil galleries is less than the pressure achievable with the accumulator (spring element force multiplied by piston pressure area). In order to prevent backflow of the oil in the direction of the oil pump during unloading, a non-return valve in the direction of the oil pump is provided between the oil pump and the consumers, which are to be acted upon by oil pressure from the pressure accumulator. In the device according to the invention, the piston is guided axially in the housing and is supported by a spring element (eg tension or compression spring) on the closure body, which is pressed into the housing. In the closure body of the ball carrier is pressed. This has, for example, eight radial bores, in each of which a ball is guided. The shift rod is coupled to the shift pin and mounted axially displaceable in the closure body. The actuator is screwed, for example, in the cylinder head and presses in the energized state on the shift rod against the return spring of the switch pin. The connection to the shift rod / camshaft via a radial decoupling. The fuse body serves as a captive for the balls. The arrangement in the cavity of the camshaft results in a space advantage over externally arranged camshaft pressure accumulators.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung ermöglicht eine zuverlässige Druckversor- gung von Verbrauchern einer Brennkraftmaschine, wobei durch den in die Nockenwelle integrierten Druckspeicher Drucköl unabhängig von der Motorölversorgung (Schmierölkreis) der Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung steht. So können Verbraucher auch dann mit Drucköl versorgt werden, wenn die motorseiti- ge Ölversorgung nicht ausreicht, beispielsweise beim Motorstart und bei sehr heißem Drucköl in Verbindung mit einer geringen Fördermenge der Ölpumpe (Heißleerlauf). Insbesondere kann sofort nach dem Start der Brennkraftmaschine eine Verstellung des Nockenwellenverstellers in Basisposition (Spät-, Mitten-, Frühstellung) erfolgen, was besonders geeignet in Verbindung mit Start/Stopp-Systemen ist. Zudem kann die Verstellgeschwindigkeit des No- ckenwellenverstellers insbesondere bei Heißleerlauf der Brennkraftmaschine verbessert werden. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann durch relative wenig Bauteile realisiert werden, wodurch in der industriellen Serienfertigung Montage- und Material kosten eingespart werden können. Ein besonderer Vorteil der Vorrichtung ergibt sich aus der Tatsache, dass der Kolben durch kurzes Bestromen des Aktuators (Strompulse) verriegelt oder entriegelt werden kann. Eine permanente Bestromung des Aktuators im verriegelten oder entriegelten Zustand des Kolbens ist nicht erforderlich. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders energiesparende Betätigung der Vorrichtung zur Druckversorgung. The device according to the invention enables a reliable pressure supply of consumers of an internal combustion engine, wherein pressure oil is independent of the engine oil supply (lubricating oil circuit) of the internal combustion engine available through the pressure accumulator integrated in the camshaft. This means that consumers can be supplied with pressurized oil even when the oil supply on the engine side is insufficient, for example when starting the engine and when the oil pressure is very high in conjunction with a low flow rate of the oil pump (hot idling). In particular, immediately after the start of the engine, an adjustment of the camshaft adjuster in basic position (late, middle, early position) take place, which is particularly suitable in connection with Start / stop systems is. In addition, the adjustment speed of the camshaft adjuster can be improved, in particular when the internal combustion engine is idling. The device of the invention can be realized by relatively few components, which costs in the industrial mass production assembly and material can be saved. A particular advantage of the device results from the fact that the piston can be locked or unlocked by briefly energizing the actuator (current pulses). A permanent energization of the actuator in the locked or unlocked state of the piston is not required. This allows a particularly energy-saving operation of the device for pressure supply.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Vorrichtung 1 device
2 Gehäuse  2 housings
3 Gehäusehohlraum 3 housing cavity
4 Kolben  4 pistons
5 Nockenwellenhohlraum  5 camshaft cavity
6 Nockenwelle  6 camshaft
7 Verschlusskörper  7 closure body
8 erster Abschnitt 8 first section
9 zweiter Abschnitt  9 second section
10 Ringstufe  10 ring step
1 1 Kraftspeicherfeder  1 1 energy storage spring
12 Axialbohrung  12 axial bore
13 Schaltstange 13 shift rod
14 Aktuator  14 actuator
15 Druckfläche  15 printing area
16 Gehäusehohlraumwand  16 housing cavity wall
17 Vorratsraum  17 pantry
18 Nockenwellenversteller 18 camshaft adjuster
19 Druckleitung  19 pressure line
20 Ölpumpe  20 oil pump
21 Öltank  21 oil tank
22 Rückschlagventil  22 check valve
23 Abstützelement 23 support element
24 Lagerstelle  24 storage location
25 Nocke  25 cam
26 Radialöffnung  26 radial opening
27 Endabschnitt  27 end section
28 Kugelträger 28 ball carrier
29 Bohrung  29 bore
30 Kugel  30 ball
31 Sicherungskörper 32 Hülsenteil 31 fuse body 32 sleeve part
33 Bodenwand  33 bottom wall
34 Trägerhohlraum  34 Carrier cavity
35 Schaltpin  35 shift pin
36 erste Stirnfläche 36 first face
37 zweite Stirnfläche  37 second face
38 Innenfläche  38 inner surface
39 Rückstellfeder  39 return spring
40 Außenmantelfläche  40 outer circumferential surface
41 Ringnut 41 ring groove
42 Verriegelungskörper  42 locking body
43 Hülsenabschnitt  43 sleeve section
44 Verriegelungsabschnitt  44 locking section
45 erste Stufe  45 first stage
46 zweite Stufe 46 second stage
47 Stützfläche  47 support surface
48 Sitzfläche  48 seat
49 Anlagefläche  49 contact surface
50 Stoßfläche des Verriegelungskörpers 51 Stoßfläche des Verschlusskörpers 50 impact surface of the locking body 51 abutment surface of the closure body
52 Kragen 52 collar
53 Anschlag  53 stop

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Schaltbare Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung mindestes eines Verbrauchers einer Brennkraftmaschine, welche umfasst: 1 . Switchable device (1) for supplying pressure to at least one consumer of an internal combustion engine, comprising:
ein Gehäuse (2) mit einem Gehäusehohlraum (3),  a housing (2) having a housing cavity (3),
ein im Gehäusehohlraum (3) angeordnetes Verlagerungselement (4), das zwischen einer ersten Endstellung und einer zweiten Endstellung verlagerbar ist, wobei das Verlagerungselement (4) mit einer Druckfläche (15) versehen ist, die gemeinsam mit einer Gehäusehohlraumwand (16) einen mit dem Verbraucher fluidleitend verbindbaren Vorratsraum (17) zumindest teilweise begrenzt, wobei der Vorratsraum (17) mit einer Druckquelle (20) fluidleitend verbindbar ist,  a displacement element (4) arranged in the housing cavity (3), which is displaceable between a first end position and a second end position, wherein the displacement element (4) is provided with a pressure surface (15) which, together with a housing cavity wall (16), forms one with the Consumer fluid-conductively connectable reservoir (17) at least partially limited, wherein the storage space (17) with a pressure source (20) is fluid-conductively connectable,
einen mit dem Verlagerungselement (4) zusammenwirkenden Kraftspeicher (1 1 ), wobei das Verlagerungselement (4) durch Druckbeaufschlagung des Vorratsraums (17) gegen die Kraft des Kraftspeichers (1 1 ) von der ersten Endstellung in die zweite Endstellung verlagerbar ist,  a force accumulator (11) cooperating with the displacement element (4), wherein the displacement element (4) is displaceable from the first end position into the second end position by pressurizing the reservoir (17) against the force of the force accumulator (11),
einen Verriegelungsmechanismus, durch den das Verlagerungselement (4) in der zweiten Endstellung verriegelbar ist,  a locking mechanism by which the displacement element (4) can be locked in the second end position,
einen durch einen Aktuator (14) betätigbaren Schaltmechanismus mit einem in wenigstens zwei Schaltstellungen bringbaren Schaltelement (35), das mit dem Verriegelungsmechanismus so zusammenwirkt, dass das Verlagerungselement (4) in einer ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements (35) verriegelbar oder entriegelbar ist und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements (35) nicht verriegelbar oder nicht entriegelbar ist.  an actuatable by an actuator (14) switching mechanism with a switchable in at least two switching positions switching element (35) which cooperates with the locking mechanism so that the displacement element (4) in a first switching position of the switching element (35) is locked or unlocked and in one second switching position of the switching element (35) can not be locked or unlocked.
2. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch: 2. Device (1) for pressure supply according to claim 1, characterized by:
ein mit dem Gehäuse (2) starr verbundenes Kugelträgerelement (28) mit einem Trägerhohlraum (34), in dem das Schaltelement (35) zumindest teilweise aufgenommen ist, wobei das Kugelträgerelement (28) eine Mehrzahl Öffnungen (29) aufweist, in denen jeweils eine Kugel (30) radial beweglich aufgenommen ist, wobei die Kugeln (30) einer vom Schaltelement (35) geformten Außenmantelfläche (40) anliegen, ein mit dem Verlagerungselement (4) verbundenes Verriegelungselement (42), das mit einem Verriegelungsabschnitt (44) versehen ist, der zur Verriegelung des Verlagerungselements (4) in dessen zweiter Endstellung in Eingriff mit den Kugeln (30) gelangen kann, a ball carrier element (28) rigidly connected to the housing (2), having a carrier cavity (34) in which the switching element (35) is at least partially received, the ball carrier element (28) having a plurality of openings (29) in each of which Ball (30) is received radially movable, wherein the balls (30) of a switching element (35) formed outer circumferential surface (40) abut, a locking element (42) connected to the displacement element (4) and provided with a locking portion (44) which can engage the balls (30) in order to lock the displacement element (4) in its second end position,
wobei das Schaltelement (35) gegen die Kraft eines Rückstellelements wherein the switching element (35) against the force of a return element
(39) durch den Aktuator (14) von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung relativ zum Kugelträgerelement (28) verlagerbar ist, und (39) by the actuator (14) from the first switching position to the second switching position relative to the ball carrier element (28) is displaceable, and
wobei die Außenmantelfläche (40) des Schaltelements (35) mit wenigstens einer Ausnehmung (41 ) versehen ist, derart, dass die Kugeln (30) in der zweiten Schaltstellung zumindest teilweise von der Ausnehmung (41 ) aufgenommen werden können, so dass der Verriegelungsabschnitt (44) außer Eingriff mit den Kugeln (30) gelangt.  wherein the outer circumferential surface (40) of the switching element (35) is provided with at least one recess (41), such that the balls (30) can be at least partially received by the recess (41) in the second switching position, so that the locking portion (41) 44) out of engagement with the balls (30) passes.
3. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet durch ein mit dem Gehäuse (2) starr verbundenes Verschlusselement (7), an dem sich der Kraftspeicher (1 1 ) des Verlagerungselements (4) abstützt. 3. Device (1) for pressure supply according to claim 2, characterized by a with the housing (2) rigidly connected closure element (7) on which the force accumulator (1 1) of the displacement element (4) is supported.
4. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kugelträgerelement (28) mit dem Verschlusselement (7) starr verbunden ist. 4. Device (1) for pressure supply according to claim 3, characterized in that the ball carrier element (28) with the closure element (7) is rigidly connected.
5. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verschlusselement (7) mit einer Durch- gangsöffnung (12) versehen ist, in der ein mit dem Schaltelement (35) zusam- menwirkender, vom Aktuator (14) betätigbarer Schaltkörper (13) verlagerbar aufgenommen ist. 5. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that the closure element (7) is provided with a passage opening (12) in which a with the switching element (35) interacting, from Actuator (14) operable switch body (13) is received displaceably.
6. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, gekennzeichnet durch ein mit dem Kugelträgerelement (28) starr verbundenes Sicherungselement (31 ), welches einen Anschlag für eine radial auswärts gerichtete Bewegung der Kugeln (30) bildet, derart, dass die Kugeln (30) in den Öffnungen (29) verliergesichert aufgenommen sind. 6. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized by a with the ball carrier element (28) rigidly connected securing element (31) which forms a stop for a radially outward movement of the balls (30), in such that the balls (30) are received in the openings (29) secured against loss.
7. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Sicherungselement (31 ) topfförmig ausgebildet und von einer Seite her auf das Kugelträgerelement (28) aufgebracht ist. 7. Device (1) for pressure supply according to claim 6, characterized in that the securing element (31) cup-shaped and is applied from one side to the ball carrier element (28).
8. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kraftspeicher als Federelement (1 1 ) ausgebildet ist. 8. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the energy accumulator is designed as a spring element (1 1).
9. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch ein in einen Hohlraum (5) einer Nockenwelle (6) einsetzbares Gehäuse (2). 9. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by a in a cavity (5) of a camshaft (6) insertable housing (2).
10. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (2) von einer Nockenwelle (6) und der Gehäusehohlraum (3) von einem Hohlraum (5) der Nockenwelle (6) geformt wird. 10. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing (2) by a camshaft (6) and the housing cavity (3) by a cavity (5) of the camshaft (6) is formed ,
1 1 . Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vorratsraum (17) über eine bei Druck- beaufschlagung durchlässige und ohne Druckbeaufschlagung sperrende Auslaufsicherung für Druckmittel mit der Druckquelle (20) fluidleitend verbindbar ist. 1 1. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the storage space (17) is fluid-conductively connectable to the pressure source (20) via a discharge safety device for pressure medium, which is permeable to pressure and pressurized.
12. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach Anspruch 1 1 , dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, dass die Auslaufsicherung als Begrenzung für den Vorratsraum12. Device (1) for pressure supply according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the leakage protection as a limitation for the storage space
(17) dient. (17) serves.
13. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckquelle (20) über mindestens ein in Richtung Druckquelle sperrendes Rückschlagventil (22) mit dem Vorratsraum (17) fluidleitend verbindbar ist. 13. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the pressure source (20) via at least one in the direction of the pressure source blocking check valve (22) with the reservoir (17) is fluid-conductively connectable.
14. Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Öl aus dem Schmierölkreis als Druckmittel verwendet wird. 14. Device (1) for pressure supply according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that oil from the lubricating oil circuit is used as a pressure medium.
15. Brennkraftmaschine, mit zumindest einer schaltbaren Vorrichtung (1 ) zur Druckversorgung eines Verbrauchers nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14. 15. Internal combustion engine, with at least one switchable device (1) for the pressure supply of a consumer according to one of claims 1 to 14.
EP10779801.9A 2009-11-20 2010-11-17 Switchable pressure supply device Not-in-force EP2501905B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102009054055A DE102009054055A1 (en) 2009-11-20 2009-11-20 Switchable device for pressure supply
PCT/EP2010/067658 WO2011061217A2 (en) 2009-11-20 2010-11-17 Switchable pressure supply device

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EP2501905A2 true EP2501905A2 (en) 2012-09-26
EP2501905B1 EP2501905B1 (en) 2014-09-17

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EP (1) EP2501905B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102667073B (en)
DE (1) DE102009054055A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011061217A2 (en)

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DE102009054055A1 (en) 2011-05-26
CN102667073B (en) 2015-05-06
US20120304953A1 (en) 2012-12-06
US8813709B2 (en) 2014-08-26
EP2501905B1 (en) 2014-09-17
WO2011061217A2 (en) 2011-05-26
WO2011061217A3 (en) 2011-07-21
CN102667073A (en) 2012-09-12

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