EP2496801A1 - Vorrichtung zur behandlung von abgasen aus einem fahrzeug mit einer wärmekraftmaschine - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur behandlung von abgasen aus einem fahrzeug mit einer wärmekraftmaschineInfo
- Publication number
- EP2496801A1 EP2496801A1 EP10785156A EP10785156A EP2496801A1 EP 2496801 A1 EP2496801 A1 EP 2496801A1 EP 10785156 A EP10785156 A EP 10785156A EP 10785156 A EP10785156 A EP 10785156A EP 2496801 A1 EP2496801 A1 EP 2496801A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- treatment device
- catalyst
- soot
- selective reduction
- aging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PPBAJDRXASKAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;urea Chemical compound N.NC(N)=O PPBAJDRXASKAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical group O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HDDHHVDLTLMRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ce].[Pr].[Zr] Chemical compound [Ce].[Pr].[Zr] HDDHHVDLTLMRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012072 active phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPQBNJRIWONKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[Zr+4].[Ce+3] WPQBNJRIWONKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001657 ferrierite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007320 rich medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001149 thermolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9463—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick
- B01D53/9472—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on one brick in different zones
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
- B01D2255/2065—Cerium
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- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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- B01D2255/20776—Tungsten
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
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- B01D2255/9032—Two zones
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- B01D2255/92—Dimensions
- B01D2255/9207—Specific surface
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/65—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively
- B01J29/66—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the ferrierite type, e.g. types ZSM-21, ZSM-35 or ZSM-38, as exemplified by patent documents US4046859, US4016245 and US4046859, respectively containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/68—Iron group metals or copper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- Device for treating the exhaust gases of a vehicle comprising a heat engine.
- the present invention relates to a device for treating the exhaust gas of a vehicle comprising a heat engine, equipped with an exhaust gas depollution device for treating unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide to the of a treatment system by catalytic selective reduction of nitrogen oxides emitted by the engine and a fuel additive system used by the engine.
- Thermal engines such as those used by private vehicles or heavy vehicles, emit a number of emissions that should be limited to minimize the dissipation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide or particles consisting for example of unburned hydrocarbons.
- the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides is commonly practiced for the purification of stationary plant fumes, using as a selective agent ammonia stored in a suitable tank.
- an ammonia precursor is used, such as pure urea or in solution. aqueous. Urea or urea solution is injected into the exhaust line; the water contained in the solution is vaporized and then the urea (NH 2 ) 2CO is decomposed into ammonia and isocyanic acid, said acid being itself hydrolysed by thermolysis.
- urea into the exhaust line must be carried out either continuously or pulsed and precisely dosed, in order to to treat all the nitrogen oxides present and secondly, to avoid untimely emission of ammonia.
- the continuous selective reduction by ammonia on catalysts based on zeolites exchanged with either iron or copper is one of the technologies well known to those skilled in the art and it is well suited for applications on DIESEL vehicles, but has a low temperature limitation, typically this process is not implemented when the catalyst inlet temperature is below about 170 ° C.
- NOx trap Another nitrogen oxides reduction device known under the name NOx trap consists of trapping the nitrogen oxides in the form of nitrates at low temperature and then reducing these nitrates to nitrogen by passages in a rich medium, it is possible to ie when the exhaust gases are reducing.
- This device is very intrusive at engine settings and is not very efficient at high temperatures because the storage capacity of NOx on the NOx trap phases drops sharply from 350 ° C.
- the exhaust lines are also equipped with filters, known as particle filters, which trap in particular the unburnt particles due to a temperature of the exhaust gas substantially too low.
- particle filters filters, known as particle filters, which trap in particular the unburnt particles due to a temperature of the exhaust gas substantially too low.
- the filter is filter wall type, ceramic, for example cordierite, or silicon carbide, or aluminum titanium, through which the exhaust gas flow. It may also be sieves made of wire cloth, ceramic foam or fibrous material.
- This filter is capable of stopping a high proportion of soot generated by the combustion of the fuel in the engine. However, it becomes less and less effective as the soot accumulates because it closes progressively the filter, which leads to a pressure drop that increases in the filter, and ultimately reduces the performance of the engine. It is therefore necessary to regularly burn the soot collected by the filters, by an operation called "regeneration of the filter". Also, periodically, these filters must be regenerated by temporarily increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas to burn the filtered particles.
- a regeneration technique uses a so-called catalyzed filter particle filter, which is composed of a filter and a catalytic phase deposited in the porosity of the filter walls of the filter.
- These catalytic phases may be based on noble metals such as platinum deposited on supports such as alumina or cerium-zirconium oxides, or based on mixed oxides such as cerium-zirconium-praseodymium ternary oxides.
- This technique also has drawbacks: noble metals are complex to form on supports, and are an expensive raw material. And the ternary oxides have a modest efficiency at low temperature, which imposes relatively long filter regeneration times, so overconsumption fuel.
- an exhaust gas treatment device consisting of a particulate filter disposed in the exhaust line, retaining the soot and particles and loaded on its outer face with a SCR catalytic material for reducing NOx, means being provided to bring ammonia into the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter.
- a SCR catalytic material for reducing NOx means being provided to bring ammonia into the exhaust line upstream of the particulate filter.
- Regeneration can also be cyclically in a known manner by increasing the hydrocarbon content in the exhaust gas.
- the reaction that follows is highly exothermic and may damage the SCR catalyst material.
- the SCR catalysts proposed in US 2008/0041040 are not sufficiently resistant to thermal stresses and therefore lose their effectiveness over time and their use.
- the present invention aims to propose a device for treating exhaust gases from an engine.
- thermal device comprising a particulate filter consisting of a porous material for trapping and oxidizing soot and a selective reduction catalyst of the nitrogen oxides deposited on the outlet faces of the walls of the particulate filter, characterized in that said catalyst selective reduction is chosen from those of the type having a specific surface area of at least 65M 2 / g after aging at 800 ° C.
- the catalyst material SCR is chosen to advantageously withstand the thermal stresses encountered during the regeneration of the particulate filter and be thermally stable so that the treatment device according to the invention has all the qualities required to meet the requirements of the invention. standards increasingly severe.
- the specific surface of the catalyst remains high even after aging, that is to say after having been subjected to hydrothermal stresses at 800 ° C.
- said selective reduction catalyst is chosen from those of the type having a specific surface area of at least 65M 2 / g after aging at 850 ° C. Even more preferably, the selective reduction catalyst is selected from those of the type having a surface area of at least 65M 2 / g after aging at 900 ° C.
- specific surface is meant the specific surface B.E.T. determined by nitrogen adsorption according to ASTM D 3663-78 established from the BRUNAUER-EMMETT-TELLER method described in the periodical "The Journal of the American Chemical Society, 60,309 (1938).
- an SCR catalyst material for a device according to the invention may be chosen from acidic oxides such as those described by the company Rhodia, the commercial SCR catalytic phase based on Zr-Ti-Si-W-Ce and any other catalyst material having a surface area of at least 65 M 2 / g after aging at 800 ° C.
- the oxidation of soot in the treatment device is promoted by the use of an additive Ce or Ce-Fe or Fe introduced into the fuel that lowers the soot combustion temperature.
- an exhaust gas treatment device in the inlet channels from which the particles are retained and are the soot is then oxidized during regeneration, the soot being oxidized to CO 2 and H 2 O, at a temperature lowered by means of the additive from the fuel and deposited on the soot while on the wall of the outlet the reduction of NOx by ammonia on the SCR catalyst deposited on these filtering walls.
- urea or ammonia may be introduced upstream of the treatment device according to the invention.
- urea is introduced into the exhaust line downstream of the oxidation catalyst of CO and hydrocarbons and upstream of the treatment device according to the invention.
- a catalyst for decomposing urea ammonia deposited on the inlet channels of the particle filter of the treatment device according to the invention is preferably provided. The urea is thus decomposed in the wall of the particle filter, which makes it possible to avoid using a mixer upstream of the Filter / SCR device.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising such a treatment device.
- Example 1 Device according to the state of the art
- Example 1 a processing device is produced according to the prior state described in US 2008/004140, an SCR catalyst according to this document being deposited on the outlet face of a particulate filter (FAP).
- FAP particulate filter
- composition of the SCR catalyst in the SiC particle filter of 400 cpsi is as follows:
- FAP deposition of anatase titanium oxide, on the exit channels of the FAP deposition of 101 grs / l of FAP of a commercial SCR catalyst based on 2% by weight of iron deposited on a zeolite ferrierite.
- Example 2 is carried out a device according to the invention by deposition of a commercial SCR catalytic phase based on Zr-Ti-Si-W-Ce on a 400cpsi SiC particle filter.
- This active phase is deposited on the outlet wall of the particle filter channels by conventional dipping, blowing, drying and calcining at 500 ° C.
- composition of the catalyst according to the invention is as follows:
- Example 3 Aging Devices of Examples 1 and 2
- This hydrothermal treatment is applied to represent the hydrothermal aging that the FAP-catalyst devices undergo during regeneration of particulate filters under real conditions on the vehicle.
- Catalyst A for the catalyst of Example 1 aged at 850 ° C.
- Catalyst B for the catalyst of the invention described in Example 2 aged at 850 ° C.
- the catalysts A and B are evaluated on a synthetic gas bench under the following conditions:
- NO x 400 ppm (50% N0 + 50% NO2)
- VVH Hourly Volumetric Velocity
- Temperature programming from 180 to 500 ° C with a temperature rise rate of 5 ° C per minute.
- composition of the gases leaving the catalytic reactor is measured by -
- Table 1 NOx Conversion as a Function of Temperature for Catalysts A and B The results reported in Table 1 show that the catalyst B according to the invention is more efficient in reducing NOx than the catalyst A according to the prior art.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0957784A FR2952123B1 (fr) | 2009-11-04 | 2009-11-04 | Dispositif de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un vehicule comportant un moteur thermique |
PCT/FR2010/052249 WO2011055053A1 (fr) | 2009-11-04 | 2010-10-21 | Dispositif de traitement des gaz d'echappement d'un vehicule comportant un moteur thermique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2496801A1 true EP2496801A1 (de) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=42289521
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10785156A Withdrawn EP2496801A1 (de) | 2009-11-04 | 2010-10-21 | Vorrichtung zur behandlung von abgasen aus einem fahrzeug mit einer wärmekraftmaschine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2496801A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2952123B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011055053A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8722000B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 | 2014-05-13 | Basf Corporation | Multi-component filters for emissions control |
FR2992028B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-19 | 2014-07-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede d'utilisation d'un filtre a particules pour moteurs thermiques |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1036767A1 (de) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Titaniumoxidzirkoniumoxid-Pulver, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, und dieses Pulver enthaltender Katalysatorwerkstoff |
EP1177032A1 (de) * | 1999-05-07 | 2002-02-06 | Renault | Vorrichtung zur abgasreinigung einer brennkraftmaschine |
US20080041040A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-21 | Doring Andreas | Exhaust gas post treatment system |
EP1967263A1 (de) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-09-10 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Katalytisches Material und Katalysator zur Reinigung von Abgaskomponenten |
WO2008150462A2 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Corning Incorporated | Catalyst for selective reduction of nitrogen oxides, method for making same and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR957784A (de) | 1943-03-02 | 1950-02-25 | ||
RU2398629C2 (ru) * | 2006-02-17 | 2010-09-10 | Родиа Операсьон | Композиция на основе оксидов циркония, церия, иттрия, лантана и другого редкоземельного элемента, способ получения и применение в катализе |
US7677994B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2010-03-16 | Doskocil Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Ball throwing and retrieving device |
-
2009
- 2009-11-04 FR FR0957784A patent/FR2952123B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-10-21 WO PCT/FR2010/052249 patent/WO2011055053A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2010-10-21 EP EP10785156A patent/EP2496801A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1036767A1 (de) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Titaniumoxidzirkoniumoxid-Pulver, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, und dieses Pulver enthaltender Katalysatorwerkstoff |
EP1177032A1 (de) * | 1999-05-07 | 2002-02-06 | Renault | Vorrichtung zur abgasreinigung einer brennkraftmaschine |
US20080041040A1 (en) * | 2006-08-16 | 2008-02-21 | Doring Andreas | Exhaust gas post treatment system |
EP1967263A1 (de) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-09-10 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Katalytisches Material und Katalysator zur Reinigung von Abgaskomponenten |
WO2008150462A2 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Corning Incorporated | Catalyst for selective reduction of nitrogen oxides, method for making same and use thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO2011055053A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2952123B1 (fr) | 2012-02-24 |
FR2952123A1 (fr) | 2011-05-06 |
WO2011055053A1 (fr) | 2011-05-12 |
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