EP2396562A1 - Method for installing a double bearing in a casting, wheel comprising a double bearing, and joint with double bearing - Google Patents

Method for installing a double bearing in a casting, wheel comprising a double bearing, and joint with double bearing

Info

Publication number
EP2396562A1
EP2396562A1 EP10740963A EP10740963A EP2396562A1 EP 2396562 A1 EP2396562 A1 EP 2396562A1 EP 10740963 A EP10740963 A EP 10740963A EP 10740963 A EP10740963 A EP 10740963A EP 2396562 A1 EP2396562 A1 EP 2396562A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
bearings
separator
separator means
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10740963A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2396562B1 (en
EP2396562A4 (en
Inventor
Erik Lindfors
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kone Corp
Original Assignee
Kone Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corp filed Critical Kone Corp
Publication of EP2396562A1 publication Critical patent/EP2396562A1/en
Publication of EP2396562A4 publication Critical patent/EP2396562A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2396562B1 publication Critical patent/EP2396562B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/061—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing mounting a plurality of bearings side by side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/006—Guiding rollers, wheels or the like, formed by or on the outer element of a single bearing or bearing unit, e.g. two adjacent bearings, whose ratio of length to diameter is generally less than one
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067—Fixing them in a housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00—Shaping
    • F16C2220/02—Shaping by casting
    • F16C2220/06—Shaping by casting in situ casting or moulding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
    • F16C2226/50—Positive connections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02—Wheel hubs or castors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for installing a double bearing in a casting as defined in the preamble of claim 1, a wheel comprising a double bearing as defined in the preamble of claim 5, and a joint with a double bearing as defined in the preamble of claim 15.
  • Fig. 1 presents this type of prior-art solution, which presents a cast diverting pulley provided with rope grooves with the bottom part cross-sectioned.
  • Two similar ball bearings placed side-by-side to each other are disposed in the hub of the wheel, the inner surfaces of which ball bearings are touching each other.
  • the bearings are either installed in the hub of the wheel after casting or the wheel is cast directly around the bearings. If installation of the bearings is performed after casting, one problem is generally an expensive price, because in this case a lot of work phases are needed.
  • special bearings that are fitted to each other should be used as a double bearing, which are expensive. If it is not desired to use expensive bearings for cost reasons, the bearings can be selected to be larger than normal, which however again raises the price and changes e.g. the shaft structures.
  • a problem when using normal bearings is the tolerance in the axial direction, i.e. in the width direction of the bearings, which can be so large that the inner rims of the bearings can be wider than the outer rims.
  • the die-casting mold presses the outer rims of the bearings together, even if the inner rims were wider than the outer rims. The result in this case might be bearing damage.
  • Fig. 2 presents a second solution according to prior art.
  • a wheel is first cast, after which a bearing housing is machined, and finally a groove that functions as a hole lock is machined in the center of the rim of the bearing housing.
  • the spacer ring is placed into position and the ball bearings an both sides of it, in which case a gap that is the thickness of the spacer ring remains between the inner surfaces of the bearings.
  • the object of this invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and to achieve a simple, operationally reliable and inexpensive method for installing a double bearing in a casting. Additionally the purpose of the invention is to achieve a very functional and inexpensive wheel that comprises a double bearing.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • the wheel according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 5.
  • the joint according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterizing part of claim 15.
  • Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.
  • inventive embodiments are also discussed in the descriptive section of the present application.
  • inventive content of the application can also be defined differently than in the claims presented below.
  • inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of expressions or implicit sub-tasks or from the point of view of advantages or categories of advantages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes contained in the claims below may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts.
  • the different details presented in connection with each embodiment can also be applied in other embodiments.
  • at least some of the subordinate claims can in at least some situations be deemed to be inventive in their own right.
  • a good solution to do for a double-bearing wheel is to dispose a ring-like separator means between the bearing units of the double bearing, which separator means for the first part is supporting the bearing unit by its outer rim and for the second part the bearing units from each other, and a thick gap of the thickness of the separating part of the bearings remains between the bearing units.
  • the gap is always arranged to be so large so that although the outer rims of the bearing units of the double bearing are in connection with each other, possibly via a very thin separator means, the inner rims of the bearing units stay separate from each other.
  • the tolerances of the dimensions of the inner and outer rims of the bearing units in the direction of the shaft of the bearing set the minimum thickness of the separator part.
  • the solution according to the invention is suited to all types of rotating elements provided with bearings and more particularly e.g. to diverting pulleys used in elevators, bearing wheels used in escalators or other corresponding wheels and support bearings, Likewise instead of the die- casting described in the embodiment, other casting methods are suited for use in the solution according to the invention, e.g. pour casting.
  • the invention can be advantageously applied such that the separator means that comes between the bearing units of the double bearing is of essentially the same material as the casting cast around the double bearing.
  • the separator means of a double bearing made for a wheel or other piece can be of metal, plastic or some other suitable material. It can also be of such a material that the separator means melts partly or wholly in connection with the casting into the material of the wheel or other piece to be cast. Preferably the separator means is of essentially the same material as the casting to be cast, e.g. a wheel.
  • thermoplastic materials or correspondingly used materials when making a cast by means of a melting separator means it is preferable to fit the amount and temperature of the material to be cast in relation to the natural cooling and/or aided cooling of the piece being manufactured such that the separator means melts sufficiently to form with the cooled casting material a uniform entity, preferably without interfaces between them, but wherein the separator means is on the other hand unmelted and thus retains during the casting its load bearing capacity for positioning the bearings to each other.
  • a casting material that is hardened chemically or otherwise separately e.g. with UV light
  • the separator means melts or softens first, possibly mixes with or at least forms an essentially borderless joint with, the casting and then hardens again as the casting hardens.
  • One advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the bearing rims are not damaged in the casting phase, e.g. in the die-casting, because the inner rims of the bearings do not manage to touch each other, even with cheap bearings. Additionally, in this way cheaper and smaller bearings can safely be used as double bearings, in which case the manufacturing costs decrease. Likewise the reliability improves because double bearings can be put into use at smaller costs and thus larger single bearings, in which also there is the aforementioned side-pull problem, will not need to be used. Another advantage is that e.g. in robotic production there will be fewer bearings dropped because the bearings can be attached to each other before the casting.
  • the invention can also be applied to the making of a joint with bearing.
  • the bearings are cast from their outer rim into the second of the pieces to be jointed, in a corresponding manner to what is presented in this application for making a double bearing in a cast wheel.
  • the tenets relating to the making of a wheel and wheel bearing presented in this application are directly transferable to the bearing of a joint and to making a joint bearing.
  • Fig. 1 presents one prior-art cast diverting pulley that is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned
  • Fig. 2 presents a second prior-art cast diverting pulley that is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned
  • Fig. 3 presents one cast diverting pulley according to the invention, which is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned,
  • Fig. 4 presents one detail in the bearing system of the solution according to Fig. 3, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned
  • Fig. 5 presents one alternative detail in the bearing system of the solution according to the invention, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned
  • Fig. 6 presents a second alternative detail in the bearing system of the solution according to the invention, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned,
  • Fig. 7 presents a side view of a spacer ring type according to Figs. 3-5, cross-sectioned and magnified, and
  • Fig. 8 presents a side view of a spacer ring type according to Figs. 6, cross-sectioned and magnified.
  • Figs. 3-5 and 7 present a front view of one type of solution according to the invention in connection with a double bearing.
  • Fig. 3 contains a cast diverting pulley 1 provided with rope grooves on its outer rim, the bottom part of which diverting pulley is cross-sectioned for illustrative reasons so that half the double bearing 4 is visible.
  • the , diverting pulley 1 comprises a hub 2, which comprises a center hole 3 for the aforementioned double bearing 4.
  • the double bearing 4 comprises two bearing units that are essentially similar, e.g. ball bearings, which are placed side-by-side to each other.
  • a ring-like separator means 5 is disposed between the ball bearings, which separator means comprises a support part 6, which is fitted to support both the ball bearings by their outer rim, and a separator part 7, which is fitted to extend inwards between the bearings towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part 7 remains between the ball bearings.
  • the inner surface of the support part 6 of the separator means 5, which is essentially symmetrical in its cross- sectional shape, i.e. the surface 'on the bearing side, comprises support surfaces 8 essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearings, one on both sides of the separator part 7.
  • the separator part 7 comprises a side support surface 9 on both sides, which side support surface is essentially at a right angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the bearings, i.e. in the direction of the side surfaces of the rims of the bearings, and is fitted to rest on the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings .
  • Figures 6 and 8 present a cross-sectioned front view of a second solution according to the invention in connection with a double bearing.
  • a ring-like separator means 5a is fitted between the ball bearings, which separator means is shaped like a capital L in its cross-section and comprises a support part 6 and a separator part 7, and which separator means is fitted to extend inwards between the bearings towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part 7 remains between the ball bearings.
  • the support part 6 is fitted to support only- one of the ball bearings of the double bearing by its outer rim.
  • the inner surface of the support part 6 of the separator means 5a i.e. the surface on the bearing side, comprises a support surface 8, essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearings, on one side of the separator part 7.
  • the separator part 7 comprises a side support surface 9 on both sides, which side support surface is essentially at a right angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the bearings, i.e. is essentially in the direction of the side surfaces of the rims of the bearings, and is fitted to rest on the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings .
  • the length of the separator part 7 in the radial direction i.e. the reach in the direction of the side surfaces of the bearings, i.e. the difference in the radius of the support surface 8 and the radius of the centre hole of the separator means 5, 5a can vary, but what is essential is that the reach does not extend to the inner rim of the bearings.
  • the reach is shorter than the thickness of the outer rim of the bearing in the radial direction.
  • the material of the separator means 5, 5a can be metal, plastic or some other suitable material . It can also be of such a material that the separator means 5, 5a melts in connection with the casting into the material of the wheel 1 to be cast. In this case it can be e.g. of essentially the same material as the casting to be cast, e.g. a wheel 1.
  • the separator means 5 settles into its position best when its cross-section is such that only the side support surfaces 9 and the support surface/support surfaces 8 rest on the outer rim of the bearing.
  • the inner corner between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 does not rest on the outer corner of the bearing but instead a gap remains between.
  • the inner corner between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 of the separator means 5 can be a right angle or e.g. extended inwards from the shear plane between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 such that the thickness of the separator part 7 of the separator means 5 and the thickness of the support part 6 is thinner at the point of the inner corner than at the point of the support surfaces 8 and the side support surfaces 9.
  • the double bearing is installed in a casting e.g. as follows: first a double bearing 4 is formed of two essentially similar ball bearings, i.e. bearing units, by disposing the ball bearings next to each other side-by-side and by placing a separator means 5, 5a between the ball bearings such that the separator means 5, 5a rests on at least one of or on both the outer surfaces of the outer rim of the bearing and the separator part 7 of the separator means 5, 5a is disposed between the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims.
  • a gap is formed between the ball bearings in their axial direction, which gap prevents the inner rims of the ball bearings from touching each other .
  • the double bearing 4 formed in the manner described above is after this placed in the casting mold in the correct position and the casting, such as a wheel, is cast around the double bearing 4, in which case the double bearing 4 remains in its position in the hub of the wheel 1 after the casting is completed.
  • the separator part 7 of the separator means 5, 5a keeps the ball bearings separate from each other during the casting and at the same time prevents casting material from entering the inner parts of the bearings from between the outer rims of the bearings .
  • bearings can be used, such as e.g. roller bearings, instead of ball bearings.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The object of the invention is a method for installing a casting double bearing (4) in a casting, and a wheel manufactured according to the method. The double bearing (4) comprises at least two bearing units that are essentially similar. The method comprises at least the following phases: a double bearing (4) is formed by- disposing two bearings next to each other side-by-side and by placing a separator means (5, 5a) that forms a gap between the bearings such that the separator means (5, 5a) rests on at least one of outer surface of the outer rim of a bearing, and in that the separator part (7) of the separator means (5, 5a) is disposed between the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings; the formed double bearing (4) is placed in the casting mold in the correct position; and the casting is cast around the double bearing (4).

Description

METHOD FOR INSTALLING A DOUBLE BEARING IN A CASTING, WHEEL COMPRISING A DOUBLE BEARING, AND JOINT WITH DOUBLE BEARING
The present invention relates to a method for installing a double bearing in a casting as defined in the preamble of claim 1, a wheel comprising a double bearing as defined in the preamble of claim 5, and a joint with a double bearing as defined in the preamble of claim 15.
The use of one ball bearing in essentially -narrow wheels, such as in the diverting pulleys used in elevators, the bearing wheels used in escalators or in other corresponding wheels or supporting bearings, might cause problems. A problem can arise from the fact that the load carrying capacity of a ball bearing is limited, so that a bearing that is unnecessarily large must be selected according to the load carrying capacity to be a ball bearing, in which case also the shaft to be disposed in the bearing is unnecessarily robust. Another problem is that the raceway of an individual ball bearing is not quite straight, but instead some side pull is produced in the ball bearing and via it, among other things, some extra wear.
It has been endeavored to solve the load carrying capacity problem and raceway problem by disposing two ball bearings side-by-side as a so-called double bearing. The solution of
Fig. 1 presents this type of prior-art solution, which presents a cast diverting pulley provided with rope grooves with the bottom part cross-sectioned. Two similar ball bearings placed side-by-side to each other are disposed in the hub of the wheel, the inner surfaces of which ball bearings are touching each other. The bearings are either installed in the hub of the wheel after casting or the wheel is cast directly around the bearings. If installation of the bearings is performed after casting, one problem is generally an expensive price, because in this case a lot of work phases are needed. In addition, according to the instruction of the bearing manufacturer, special bearings that are fitted to each other should be used as a double bearing, which are expensive. If it is not desired to use expensive bearings for cost reasons, the bearings can be selected to be larger than normal, which however again raises the price and changes e.g. the shaft structures.
If, on the other hand, the wheel is cast around the bearings, a problem when using normal bearings is the tolerance in the axial direction, i.e. in the width direction of the bearings, which can be so large that the inner rims of the bearings can be wider than the outer rims. In this case, e.g. when making a wheel by die-casting, the die-casting mold presses the outer rims of the bearings together, even if the inner rims were wider than the outer rims. The result in this case might be bearing damage.
Efforts have been made to solve this problem also by placing suitable spacer plates into the bearing housing for forming a gap in the inner rim of the bearings before casting. The positioning of these types of unattached spacer plates in the mold before casting is, however, extremely awkward in die casting technology.
Fig. 2 presents a second solution according to prior art. In it a wheel is first cast, after which a bearing housing is machined, and finally a groove that functions as a hole lock is machined in the center of the rim of the bearing housing. After this the spacer ring is placed into position and the ball bearings an both sides of it, in which case a gap that is the thickness of the spacer ring remains between the inner surfaces of the bearings. This is a technically viable method, but the numerous machining phases make the solution in practice too expensive to manufacture.
The object of this invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and to achieve a simple, operationally reliable and inexpensive method for installing a double bearing in a casting. Additionally the purpose of the invention is to achieve a very functional and inexpensive wheel that comprises a double bearing. The method according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1. Correspondingly, the wheel according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 5. The joint according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterizing part of claim 15. Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.
Some inventive embodiments are also discussed in the descriptive section of the present application. The inventive content of the application can also be defined differently than in the claims presented below. The inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of expressions or implicit sub-tasks or from the point of view of advantages or categories of advantages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes contained in the claims below may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts. Likewise the different details presented in connection with each embodiment can also be applied in other embodiments. In addition it can be stated that at least some of the subordinate claims can in at least some situations be deemed to be inventive in their own right.
In practice a good solution to do for a double-bearing wheel is to dispose a ring-like separator means between the bearing units of the double bearing, which separator means for the first part is supporting the bearing unit by its outer rim and for the second part the bearing units from each other, and a thick gap of the thickness of the separating part of the bearings remains between the bearing units. The gap is always arranged to be so large so that although the outer rims of the bearing units of the double bearing are in connection with each other, possibly via a very thin separator means, the inner rims of the bearing units stay separate from each other. In practice the tolerances of the dimensions of the inner and outer rims of the bearing units in the direction of the shaft of the bearing set the minimum thickness of the separator part.
The solution according to the invention is suited to all types of rotating elements provided with bearings and more particularly e.g. to diverting pulleys used in elevators, bearing wheels used in escalators or other corresponding wheels and support bearings, Likewise instead of the die- casting described in the embodiment, other casting methods are suited for use in the solution according to the invention, e.g. pour casting.
The invention can be advantageously applied such that the separator means that comes between the bearing units of the double bearing is of essentially the same material as the casting cast around the double bearing.
The separator means of a double bearing made for a wheel or other piece can be of metal, plastic or some other suitable material. It can also be of such a material that the separator means melts partly or wholly in connection with the casting into the material of the wheel or other piece to be cast. Preferably the separator means is of essentially the same material as the casting to be cast, e.g. a wheel. When using thermoplastic materials or correspondingly used materials, when making a cast by means of a melting separator means it is preferable to fit the amount and temperature of the material to be cast in relation to the natural cooling and/or aided cooling of the piece being manufactured such that the separator means melts sufficiently to form with the cooled casting material a uniform entity, preferably without interfaces between them, but wherein the separator means is on the other hand unmelted and thus retains during the casting its load bearing capacity for positioning the bearings to each other. Correspondingly, when using a casting material that is hardened chemically or otherwise separately, e.g. with UV light, it might be necessary to chemically or otherwise soften the surface of the separator means that will be on the side of the cast. Thus, in this way the separator means melts or softens first, possibly mixes with or at least forms an essentially borderless joint with, the casting and then hardens again as the casting hardens.
One advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the bearing rims are not damaged in the casting phase, e.g. in the die-casting, because the inner rims of the bearings do not manage to touch each other, even with cheap bearings. Additionally, in this way cheaper and smaller bearings can safely be used as double bearings, in which case the manufacturing costs decrease. Likewise the reliability improves because double bearings can be put into use at smaller costs and thus larger single bearings, in which also there is the aforementioned side-pull problem, will not need to be used. Another advantage is that e.g. in robotic production there will be fewer bearings dropped because the bearings can be attached to each other before the casting.
The invention can also be applied to the making of a joint with bearing. In this case the bearings are cast from their outer rim into the second of the pieces to be jointed, in a corresponding manner to what is presented in this application for making a double bearing in a cast wheel. The tenets relating to the making of a wheel and wheel bearing presented in this application are directly transferable to the bearing of a joint and to making a joint bearing.
In the following, the invention will be described in greater detail by the aid of some embodiments and by referring to the attached simplified drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 presents one prior-art cast diverting pulley that is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned, Fig. 2 presents a second prior-art cast diverting pulley that is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned,
Fig. 3 presents one cast diverting pulley according to the invention, which is provided with rope grooves, as viewed from the side and with the bottom part cross-sectioned,
Fig. 4 presents one detail in the bearing system of the solution according to Fig. 3, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned, Fig. 5 presents one alternative detail in the bearing system of the solution according to the invention, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned,
Fig. 6 presents a second alternative detail in the bearing system of the solution according to the invention, as viewed from the side and cross-sectioned,
Fig. 7 presents a side view of a spacer ring type according to Figs. 3-5, cross-sectioned and magnified, and
Fig. 8 presents a side view of a spacer ring type according to Figs. 6, cross-sectioned and magnified. Figs. 3-5 and 7 present a front view of one type of solution according to the invention in connection with a double bearing. Fig. 3 contains a cast diverting pulley 1 provided with rope grooves on its outer rim, the bottom part of which diverting pulley is cross-sectioned for illustrative reasons so that half the double bearing 4 is visible. The , diverting pulley 1 comprises a hub 2, which comprises a center hole 3 for the aforementioned double bearing 4. The double bearing 4 comprises two bearing units that are essentially similar, e.g. ball bearings, which are placed side-by-side to each other. A ring-like separator means 5 is disposed between the ball bearings, which separator means comprises a support part 6, which is fitted to support both the ball bearings by their outer rim, and a separator part 7, which is fitted to extend inwards between the bearings towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part 7 remains between the ball bearings.
The inner surface of the support part 6 of the separator means 5, which is essentially symmetrical in its cross- sectional shape, i.e. the surface 'on the bearing side, comprises support surfaces 8 essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearings, one on both sides of the separator part 7. Correspondingly, the separator part 7 comprises a side support surface 9 on both sides, which side support surface is essentially at a right angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the bearings, i.e. in the direction of the side surfaces of the rims of the bearings, and is fitted to rest on the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings .
Figures 6 and 8 present a cross-sectioned front view of a second solution according to the invention in connection with a double bearing. In this solution a ring-like separator means 5a is fitted between the ball bearings, which separator means is shaped like a capital L in its cross-section and comprises a support part 6 and a separator part 7, and which separator means is fitted to extend inwards between the bearings towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part 7 remains between the ball bearings. A difference here with respect to the solution described earlier is that the support part 6 is fitted to support only- one of the ball bearings of the double bearing by its outer rim.
The inner surface of the support part 6 of the separator means 5a, i.e. the surface on the bearing side, comprises a support surface 8, essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearings, on one side of the separator part 7. Correspondingly, the separator part 7 comprises a side support surface 9 on both sides, which side support surface is essentially at a right angle with respect to the axis of rotation of the bearings, i.e. is essentially in the direction of the side surfaces of the rims of the bearings, and is fitted to rest on the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings .
The length of the separator part 7 in the radial direction, i.e. the reach in the direction of the side surfaces of the bearings, i.e. the difference in the radius of the support surface 8 and the radius of the centre hole of the separator means 5, 5a can vary, but what is essential is that the reach does not extend to the inner rim of the bearings. Preferably the reach is shorter than the thickness of the outer rim of the bearing in the radial direction.
Also the thickness of the separator part 7 can vary, as is presented by way of example in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. In this case the bearing pair 4 can be used also in wider wheels or corresponding elements. In order for the separation between the bearing pair 4 to work reliably, the minimum thickness of the separator part 7 must, however, be of a determined magnitude. A minimum thickness that is sufficiently safe is larger than two times the width tolerance of the bearing, i.e. L>2*t, where L = the thickness of the separator part and t = the width tolerance of the bearing.
The material of the separator means 5, 5a can be metal, plastic or some other suitable material . It can also be of such a material that the separator means 5, 5a melts in connection with the casting into the material of the wheel 1 to be cast. In this case it can be e.g. of essentially the same material as the casting to be cast, e.g. a wheel 1.
The separator means 5 settles into its position best when its cross-section is such that only the side support surfaces 9 and the support surface/support surfaces 8 rest on the outer rim of the bearing. In this case, the inner corner between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 does not rest on the outer corner of the bearing but instead a gap remains between. In this case e.g. the inner corner between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 of the separator means 5 can be a right angle or e.g. extended inwards from the shear plane between the side support surface 9 and the support surface 8 such that the thickness of the separator part 7 of the separator means 5 and the thickness of the support part 6 is thinner at the point of the inner corner than at the point of the support surfaces 8 and the side support surfaces 9.
With the method according to the invention, the double bearing is installed in a casting e.g. as follows: first a double bearing 4 is formed of two essentially similar ball bearings, i.e. bearing units, by disposing the ball bearings next to each other side-by-side and by placing a separator means 5, 5a between the ball bearings such that the separator means 5, 5a rests on at least one of or on both the outer surfaces of the outer rim of the bearing and the separator part 7 of the separator means 5, 5a is disposed between the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims. Thus by means of the separator means 5, 5a, a gap is formed between the ball bearings in their axial direction, which gap prevents the inner rims of the ball bearings from touching each other .
The double bearing 4 formed in the manner described above is after this placed in the casting mold in the correct position and the casting, such as a wheel, is cast around the double bearing 4, in which case the double bearing 4 remains in its position in the hub of the wheel 1 after the casting is completed. The separator part 7 of the separator means 5, 5a keeps the ball bearings separate from each other during the casting and at the same time prevents casting material from entering the inner parts of the bearings from between the outer rims of the bearings .
It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that different embodiments of the invention are not limited to the example described above, but that they may be varied within the scope of the claims presented below. Thus for instance the sequence and number of phases of the method can differ to what is presented above.
It is also obvious to the skilled person that other bearings can be used, such as e.g. roller bearings, instead of ball bearings.
It is further obvious to the person skilled in the art that the cross-sectional shape of the separator means can be different to what is described above.

Claims

1. Method for installing a double bearing (4) in a casting, which double bearing (4) comprises at least two bearing units that are essentially similar to each other, preferably two ball bearing units, characterized in that the method comprises at least the following phases:
- a double bearing (4) is formed by disposing two bearings next to each other side-by-side and by placing a separator means (5, 5a) that forms a gap between the bearings such that the separator means (5, 5a) rests on the outer surface of the outer rim of at least one bearing and in that the separator part (7) of the separator means (5, 5a) is disposed between the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings,
- the formed double bearing (4) is placed in the casting mold in the correct position,
- a casting is cast around the double bearing (4) .
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that before casting the separator means (5) is supported on the outer surface of the outer rim of both bearings and in that the separator part (7) of the separator means (5) is disposed between the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the casting is cast around the double bearing (4) as a die- cast.
4. Method according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separator means (5) is arranged to melt or to soften at least partly and the separator means is allowed to harden again as the casting hardens.
5. Wheel comprising at least a hub (2), which comprises a center hole (3), into which a double bearing (4) is disposed, characterized in that the bearing units of the double bearing (4) are separated from each other in the axial direction by means of a separator means (5, 5a) resting against an outer surface of an outer rim of at least one bearing.
6. Wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that a ring- like separator means (5) is disposed between the bearing units of the double bearing (4) , which separator means comprises a support part (6), which is fitted to support both the bearing units by their outer rim, and a separator part (7), which is fitted to extend inwards between the bearing units towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part (7) remains between the bearing units.
7. Wheel according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the separator means (5) is essentially symmetrical in it cross-section and the surface of the support part (6) of the separator means (5) on the bearing side comprises support surfaces (8) essentially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearings, one on both sides of the separator part (7) .
8. Wheel according to claim 5, characterized in that a ring- like separator means (5a) is disposed between the bearing units of the double bearing (4) , which separator means comprises a support part (6), which is fitted to support one of the bearing units by its outer rim, and a separator part (7) , which is fitted to extend inwards between the bearing units towards the axis of rotation of the bearings such that a gap of the thickness of the separator part (7) remains between the bearing units.
9. Wheel according to any of claims 5-8 above, characterized in that the separator part (7) comprises a side support surface (9) on both sides, which side support surface is essentially in the direction of the side surfaces of the rims of the bearings and is fitted to rest on the side surfaces that face each other of the outer rims of the bearings .
10. Wheel according to any of claims 5-9 above, characterized in that the radial reach of the separator part (7) in the direction of the side surfaces of the bearings is shorter than the thickness of the outer rim of the bearing in the radial direction.
11. Wheel according to any of claims 5-10 above, characterized in that the thickness of the separator part (7) is larger than twice the width tolerance of the bearing.
12. Wheel according to any of claims 5-11 above, characterized in that the separator means (5) is of essentially the same material as the casting cast around the double bearing (4) .
13. Wheel according to any of claims 5-11 above, characterized in that the separator means (5) is fitted to prevent casting material from entering the gap between the bearing units of the double bearing (4) via the outer rims of the bearings.
14. Wheel according to any of claims 5-13 above, characterized in that the separator means (5) comprises material hardened together with the casting material of the wheel .
15. Joint, comprising a bearing hole (3) in the jointed piece, into which hole a double bearing (4) is disposed, characterized in that the bearing units of the double bearing (4) are separated from each other in the axial direction by the aid of a separator means (5, 5a) resting against an outer surface of an outer rim of at least one bearing.
EP10740963.3A 2009-02-10 2010-02-09 Method for installing a double bearing in a casting, and wheel comprising a double bearing Not-in-force EP2396562B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20090042A FI122663B (en) 2009-02-10 2009-02-10 Procedure for mounting double bearings in a casting piece and wheels comprising a double bearing
PCT/FI2010/000010 WO2010092228A1 (en) 2009-02-10 2010-02-09 Method for installing a double bearing in a casting, wheel comprising a double bearing, and joint with double bearing

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2396562A1 true EP2396562A1 (en) 2011-12-21
EP2396562A4 EP2396562A4 (en) 2014-01-01
EP2396562B1 EP2396562B1 (en) 2014-08-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10740963.3A Not-in-force EP2396562B1 (en) 2009-02-10 2010-02-09 Method for installing a double bearing in a casting, and wheel comprising a double bearing

Country Status (6)

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US (2) US20110284812A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2396562B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102308107B (en)
ES (1) ES2509224T3 (en)
FI (1) FI122663B (en)
WO (1) WO2010092228A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010092228A1 (en) 2010-08-19
EP2396562B1 (en) 2014-08-13
FI20090042A0 (en) 2009-02-10
EP2396562A4 (en) 2014-01-01
CN102308107A (en) 2012-01-04
FI20090042L (en) 2010-08-11
ES2509224T3 (en) 2014-10-17
FI122663B (en) 2012-05-15
US20130142469A1 (en) 2013-06-06
CN102308107B (en) 2014-07-09
US20110284812A1 (en) 2011-11-24

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