Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
  • B63B25/002—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods
  • B63B25/004—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods for containers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
  • B63B27/10—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes
  • B63B27/12—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of cranes of gantry type

Definitions

• a method for load treatment of containers on board the cargo ship and a device making this is a method for load treatment of containers on board the cargo ship and a device making this.
• the present invention relates to a method for load treatment of containers at cargo ships and when said containers are received stacked in stacks between vertical supports extending from the cargo space of the ship and that, in connection with the loading or unloading of the ship in question, a crane or another lifting equipment is made to collect or place spreaders for container load-carrying between said vertical supports, carried by horizontal supports intended therefor on the ship.
• Load treatment of containers on board ships and upon loading and unloading between land and the ship in question and vice versa is usually carried out by means of cranes, so-called container cranes.
• Stacks of containers are kept aligned by vertical supports in the ship. The formed piles of containers must not be too high since then the lowermost containers would be compressed by containers stacked above.
• the deck or deck hatches of the ship function as support for an additional stack thereon.
• the deck hatches are not provided or if the existing ones are not desired to be utilized, one has to find a solution that allows solving the above-mentioned problems reliably and efficiently as well as by simple means and that allows efficient treatment of containers and the appurtenant means therefor.
• US 3,654,887 A shows the presence of such spreaders (14) as load-relieving for a stack of containers loaded in the ship.
• the spreaders (14) are treated by a container crane, thus separately, which is not particularly expedient and time-saving.
• the main object of the present invention is therefore primarily to solve said problems. Said object is attained by means of a method according to the present invention that essentially is characterized in that the lifting device of the crane, etc., is allowed to touchdown in said bays when a container having a load-carrying spreader carried underneath is lifted from the ship toward land or when a container, which an intended load- carrying spreader is intended to be connected with, is lifted toward the ship, and that container locking devices of the type that is intended to connect containers and/or load-carrying spreaders in the vertical direction, are arranged to be connected and disconnected, respectively, on desired occasions after operation, simultaneously the load-carrying spreader in question being allowed to be collected from or the load- carrying spreader in question being allowed to be placed in a bay situated along the side of the ship on board the ship in question.
• the invention also relates to a device for carrying out a method for load treatment of containers on board cargo ships and when said containers are received stacked in vertical supports extending from the cargo space of the ship.
• an additional problem is to find means that allow reliable and efficient stacking and treatment of containers upon loading and unloading, respectively, of the same and to reduce the manpower.
• a device that essentially is characterized in that a crane or another lifting equipment, which is arranged to lift spreaders for container-carrying and containers between the ship in question and land, comprises an intermediate bay for spreaders on board the ship in question in line with the path of motion of the crane, that a said bay is situated along the side of the cargo ship in question on the edge of deck, preferably in the form of a rack for stacking of the spreaders in, and that transducers and plunger cylinders are arranged to detect the arrival of a spreader and indicate that regulation of so-called "twistlocks" in the corners of the container and spreader in question is to be effected.
• Figs. 1 and 2 show examples of different load treatment of containers between a quay and a ship
• Figs . 3-4 show examples of stacking of containers on board a ship, transverse and longitudinal direction
• Fig. 5 shows a stack with spreaders and connected twistlocks
• Figs. 6-8 show examples of stack treatment by spreaders with locking devices therefor
• Fig. 9 shows a view from above of a stack of containers with the topmost spreader
• Fig. 10 show further examples of a spreader as seen in perspective in stacking state on board a ship
• Figs. 11-12 show examples of spreaders, separate and in stack, respectively, in spreader bays
• Fig. 13 shows spreaders having a further lock function.
• a crane 10 or another suitable lifting equipment is made to collect or place and drop off spreaders 11 for container- carrying in said supports 6 from and in, respectively, bays 12 on board the ship 2 in question.
• the great advantage is gained that it is not needed to lift and transport extra between the different storage spaces 13 on the quay 14 and on board the ship 2.
• the load of the crane can be allowed to touchdown on said bays 12 in order to collect and drop off, respectively, spreaders 11 upon loading and upon unloading, respectively, of the ship 2 in question.
• the crane 10 is allowed to touchdown by the lifting device thereof in a said bay 12 when a container 1 is intended to be moved thereby and there is a carried spreader 11 thereon for delivery, or when it is desired to connect a spreader 11 with a container 1 that is on its way to be lifted on board the ship 2.
• a container 1 is intended to be moved thereby and there is a carried spreader 11 thereon for delivery, or when it is desired to connect a spreader 11 with a container 1 that is on its way to be lifted on board the ship 2.
• six containers are put stacked upward in the ship between the supports 6 before a spreader 11 needs to be connected with a further container 1 that is intended to be put on intended supports 51 above said formed stack 9 from the level 18 at the area of the deck 15 of the ship and where loading hatches are lacking on the ship 2.
• container locking devices 19 are utilized that preferably are of the type that is intended to detachably connect containers 1 with each other or with a lifting beam, so-called twistlock, carryable by a container crane. Said locking devices 19, which are inserted into holes 20 situated at the corner sections of the containers 1, I 1 , I 2 , ... l n , interconnect containers and/or load-carrying spreaders 11 in the vertical direction, and are arranged to be connectable and disconnectable, respectively, on desired occasions after operation and actuation.
• Said operation and actuation can be effected by means of a number of sensors 22, magnets and lock cylinders situated at the area of the containers 1, I 1 , I 2 ,...l n and the bay 12 so as to sense the positions of the respective load- carrying spreaders 11 and containers 1 and so as to be able to regulate the appurtenant lock cylinders to be brought into the desired positions, such as open and closed state, respectively.
• a number of sensors 22 may, for instance, be carried by, e.g., a transverse beam 81 of said upright bays 12 and that, e.g., magnets may be carried by the spreaders 11, wherein said sensor/sensors 22 may be arranged to detect when a spreader passes the same in the upward and downward direction, respectively.
• twistlocks 19 which are arranged to work to activate and lock together a spreader 11 with a container 1 that is put down on the spreader 11 in the bay 12, indication and detection of the positions of spreader 11 need only to be effected when the spreader 11 and a connected container 1 is lowered down into the bay 12, so as then be disconnectable from each other. It is also possible to allow operating devices to activate locking devices 19 from within a spreader 11 in question, and locking devices 19 may be permanently carried by the spreader and that open the locking devices 19 on the desired occasion.
• spreaders 11 are that they all permanently carry locking devices 19 in the connected locking state as well as in the disconnected state.
• a warning device 25 for instance a lamp of the type that is denominated "cherry”, may be arranged to warn in certain situations of a stack of containers, etc., or indicate that indication and locking or disconnection is ready.
• disc-shaped said load- carrying spreaders 11 are utilized at every 6 th or 7 th container in each stack 9, 9 1 , 9 2 ,...9 n that is loaded into the cargo space 7 on board the ship 2, i.e., on the level 18 of the deck of the ship.
• a said bay 12 is utilized when a crane or another suitable lifting equipment, which is arranged to lift spreaders 11 for container-carrying on horizontal supports 51 intended therefor and containers 1 between the ship 2 in question and a quay 14 ashore with an intermediate bay 12 for spreaders 11 on board the ship 2 in question, in position with the intended path of motion 52 of the crane for the loading and the unloading, respectively. Then, no waste of time for unnecessary tilting, etc., arises thanks to said device 50.
• Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 respectively, there are shown by lines how load treatment can be effected upon collection and dropping off, respectively, of container 1 and spreader, respectively.
• the treatment is considerably more efficient.
• a said bay 12 is arranged on the side edge of the deck 15 of the ship 2 in line with the load motion path 52 of the crane, along one or both sides 16, 17 of the ship in question.
• a said bay 12 which is shown in the drawings in, among others, Fig. 7, is preferably in the form of a so-called rack that is formed of supports along the circumference of the vertical path of motion which spreaders 11 are intended to be laid into the bay 12 and lifted from the bay 12, respectively, by means of the crane 10.
• plunger cylinders By suitable transducers 24 and sensors 22 on containers 1, spreaders 11, and the ship 2 as well as by means of plunger cylinders, and which are arranged to regulate so- called “twistlocks" 19 or other suitable container locking devices for connection in the corners with containers 1 and spreaders 11 in intended holes 20 thereon, said rational treatment is allowed. Furthermore, plunger cylinders in question are arranged to activate the twistlocks 19 after a certain determined time, for instance 5 s, and that a signal, for instance a lamp 25, is arranged to indicate that activation has occurred, for instance locking, whereupon the crane 10 can be operated to proceed loading/unloading of containers.
• the crane is actuated to move in a loading path 52 from the quay 14 and the intended cargo storage space 13 thereon to said bays 12 for spreaders 11 where such a one is connected with the bottom part of the carried container in question by so-called twistlocks 19, whereupon the loading rapidly continues along the same path 52 to the storage space for the spreader 11 having a container 1 carried thereon, whereupon continued stacking of collected containers 1, I 1 , I 2 ,...l n continues until the desired height has been attained also above deck. Accordingly, it will not become any considerably extra load treatment to get the spreader 11 in place.
• twistlocks that are of the kind that is spring-loaded, so-called semiautomatic, which upon lowering of a container against the spreader automatically connects the container and spreader with each other. Disconnection can be effected by the cylinders mentioned or in an electric manner, or in another suitable way by suitable means therefor.
• the container crane drops off the 6 th container in the ship.
• crane connects the spreader to the 7 th container as usual.
• the CFPR detects that an empty container (without a CFP) is sliding in the guides, down to the CFP' s. 6. By some automatic signal the CFP' s twist locks are turned to "Lock", this maybe after a time constant of approx 5 sek.
• the container crane connect the 7 th container 1 as usual, this time also with a CFP at the bottom. 2. Crane lifts up the container and smoothly places this one down in the CFPR on the ship.
• the CFPR detects that a loaded container (with CFP) is sliding in the guides, down to the other CFP' s or the empty rack. 4. By some automatic signal the CFP' s twist locks 19 are turned to "unlock", this maybe after a time constant of approx
• Each bay is 13 containers wide.
• Figs is a straight comparison of unloading two containers in the same stack (the 7 th and the 6 th ) with two different systems.
• Fig. 1 the system described above.
• Fig. 2 is the alternative two described.
• CFP is not connected to each other and stored in a CFPR, see picture below. All twist locks can be turned/pulled at the same time? 3.
• a non intelligent rack can be lifted by crane and positioned on the quay, port staff can assist during unloading of 7 th container, to get the CFP off from the container (turn the twist locks) .
• the spreaders 11 may also have an additional function. If, e.g., there is a risk that certain cargo spaces 200 can be filled with water and thereby can cause the ship 202 in question to break down and become wrecked, it is now also possible to utilize the spreaders 211 in question as waterproof loading hatches. Seals 275 can then be arranged along the circumference of the spreader 211 in question.
• the function of load carrying according to the above mentioned may be the same for the combined load-carrying and cover-forming spreader 211 in question that is shown as examples in Figs. 13-15.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2008
  • 2008-11-14 SE SE0802398A patent/SE534440C2/sv unknown
• 2009
  • 2009-11-09 WO PCT/SE2009/051274 patent/WO2010056188A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2009-11-09 EP EP09826368.4A patent/EP2356017A4/de not_active Withdrawn

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