EP2354555B1 - Procédé d'optimisation de l'énergie de pompes - Google Patents

Procédé d'optimisation de l'énergie de pompes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2354555B1
EP2354555B1 EP10000447.2A EP10000447A EP2354555B1 EP 2354555 B1 EP2354555 B1 EP 2354555B1 EP 10000447 A EP10000447 A EP 10000447A EP 2354555 B1 EP2354555 B1 EP 2354555B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pumps
pump
energy
change
hydraulic
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EP10000447.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2354555A1 (fr
EP2354555B2 (fr
Inventor
Carsten Skovmose
Claudio De Persis
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Grundfos Management AS
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Grundfos Management AS
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Application filed by Grundfos Management AS filed Critical Grundfos Management AS
Priority to EP10000447.2A priority Critical patent/EP2354555B2/fr
Priority to PL10000447T priority patent/PL2354555T5/pl
Priority to CN201180006040.1A priority patent/CN102753831B/zh
Priority to EA201290664A priority patent/EA025057B1/ru
Priority to IN5006DEN2012 priority patent/IN2012DN05006A/en
Priority to US13/522,640 priority patent/US9051936B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2011/000184 priority patent/WO2011088983A1/fr
Publication of EP2354555A1 publication Critical patent/EP2354555A1/fr
Publication of EP2354555B1 publication Critical patent/EP2354555B1/fr
Publication of EP2354555B2 publication Critical patent/EP2354555B2/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/12—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F04D13/14—Combinations of two or more pumps the pumps being all of centrifugal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/0686—Mechanical details of the pump control unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/111—Purpose of the control system to control two or more engines simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/309—Rate of change of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/50—Control logic embodiment by
    • F05B2270/504—Control logic embodiment by electronic means, e.g. electronic tubes, transistors or IC's within an electronic circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/02—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/07—Purpose of the control system to improve fuel economy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
    • F05D2270/13—Purpose of the control system to control two or more engines simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05D2270/309—Rate of change of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2270/00—Control
    • F05D2270/50—Control logic embodiments
    • F05D2270/54—Control logic embodiments by electronic means, e.g. electronic tubes, transistors or IC's within an electronic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for energy optimization in the operation of several speed-controllable centrifugal pumps in a hydraulic system.
  • the invention has the object to provide a method for energy optimization of the pumps of such a hydraulic system, without the performance of the system, in particular the supply of all system components suffers.
  • the inventive method for energy optimization in the operation of several speed-controllable centrifugal pumps in a hydraulic system eg. As a heating system, a Grundwasserabsenkungsstrom, an irrigation system, a sewage plant and the like based on that is first determined which pumps are assigned as pilot pumps directly to a consumer and which pumps are arranged downstream of the pilot pumps, after which the downstream pump for energy optimization with varying speeds be controlled.
  • pilot pumps are those pumps that are directly associated with a consumer, ie pumps whose input or output is typically associated directly with a consumer. In the majority of cases, such pumps are typically arranged in front of the consumer, but they can also be behind the consumer, ie it is then pilot pumps that connect to the consumer on the suction side. So, pilot pumps are all the pumps that connect directly to a consumer, whether on the suction side or on the pressure side. These pilot pumps are the pumps that primarily supply the consumer and are therefore only indirectly used for energy optimization.
  • the pumps arranged downstream of the pilot pumps are provided, which are controlled at varying speeds in order to achieve energy optimization. This subordinate So pumps are varied in their speeds until an energy optimization is achieved. Thus, as described below, an energy optimization of the pilot pumps is achieved, which change their operating point as typically controlled pumps.
  • Energy optimization in the sense of the invention does not necessarily have to be a best state, but can also consist in an improvement in the energy efficiency of the plant compared to an actual state.
  • the pilot pumps downstream pumps in the context of the invention are in the pilot pumps that promote directly into a consumer, these hydraulically upstream pumps.
  • the downstream pumps are the pumps which are hydraulically connected downstream.
  • one or more energy optimization circuits are formed, each consisting of one or more pilot pumps and one or more downstream pumps, which are pumped into the pilot pump or supplied from these, with downstream pumps are each associated with only one energy optimization circuit, after which the energy optimization circuit (s) are energy-optimized.
  • the basic idea here is therefore first of all to divide up the possibly complex hydraulic system into energy optimization circuits, which are selected such that simplified system parts are formed which can be energy-optimized without great effort.
  • An energy optimization circuit is always formed from one or more pilot pumps and one or more downstream pumps, which feed into the pilot pump or are fed from these.
  • the downstream pumps need not be direct, but may also indirectly feed into or feed from the pilot pumps, depending on how far they are hydraulically subordinate.
  • the energy optimization circuits are chosen so that downstream pumps are each assigned to only one energy optimization circuit.
  • one or more pilot pumps can also be assigned to several energy optimization circuits.
  • the basic idea is to form energy optimization circuits in which there is at least one pilot pump at the end or beginning, wherein the pilot pump, which is directly in front of or behind the consumer, has to provide for the hydraulic supply of the consumer, in particular the required delivery height the upstream or hydraulically downstream pumps can be changed in their control until the total energy consumption of the energy optimization circuit has a minimum or at least reduced. If all of the energy optimization circuits so formed are energy-optimized, then the entire hydraulic system is also energy-optimized with regard to the operation of the centrifugal pumps incorporated therein.
  • the energy optimization circuits are optimized one after the other, irrespective of the order in which the circuits are optimized.
  • the optimization process is expediently carried out continuously during the operation of the pumps so that the energy optimization takes place again in the case of hydraulic changes in the system on the basis of the changed operating points of the pump.
  • an energy optimization circuit typically includes one or more pilot pumps, as well as one or more downstream pumps, with the downstream pumps in at least one pilot pump directly feed or be fed directly from at least one pilot pump.
  • an energy optimization circuit comprises all the pilot pumps into which the one or more downstream pumps deliver or from which the downstream pumps are fed.
  • a size e is determined according to the invention for each pump, which quantity is determined by the quotient of the change in the absorbed power and the change in the hydraulic output of the pump.
  • the magnitudes e of the pilot pumps are then optionally added, that is, if they are multiple, and matched by the magnitude e of each of the upstream and downstream pumps by the variance of the driving of these pumps, with parallel connected upstream or downstream pumps acting as a pump to be viewed as.
  • the basic idea is to take into account the change in power consumption, typically the electrical line intake of the pump with the change in the hydraulic power output and add these quotients of the pilot pump and then to vary the control of the downstream pumps until they add to this by addition the individual quotient of the size of the pilot pump formed e coincides, since then the power absorbed by the energy optimization circuit power is minimal or at least low.
  • the size e of each downstream pump is to be equated with the size which is formed by the addition of the corresponding quotients of the pilot pumps.
  • the energy optimization circuits are expediently energy-optimized in succession and constantly in the manner described above in order to operate the plant in a conservative manner even in the event of changing operating conditions.
  • pumps are connected in parallel within this energy optimization circuit, then these are considered as a common pump, that is to say with a common variable e, with an optimization method which is described below being advantageously used for the pumps connected in parallel.
  • the electrical power P of the drive motor is expediently used, which is rotationally-controlled Pumps regularly without significant effort on the pump side is available.
  • the hydraulic output of a pump is difficult to determine, is provided according to a development of the invention, as a measure of the delivered hydraulic power, the head h of the pump or the flow q of the pump to use.
  • the delivery head h or the delivery rate q is used to form the variable e.
  • These variables are advantageously provided by the pump itself, since a corresponding signal can be provided at speed-controlled pumps, which typically have a control electronics, without much effort. It is expedient to provide in parallel both a signal representing the quotient of the change in the recording of the electrical power P and the change in the delivery height h, as well as an electrical signal which is the quotient of the change in the absorbed power P and the change represents the flow q.
  • Both signals can be used depending on the choice of optimizing circuit in the inventive method.
  • the variables themselves typically need not be determined separately on the pump side, since, for example, in modern frequency converter-controlled pumps for the entire characteristic diagram of the operating points, the electrical and hydraulic properties of the pump are known and stored in an electronic memory. As a rule, they can therefore always be calculated by linking the stored values.
  • these pumps are controlled such that the size eq of the parallel-connected pumps is the same is large, wherein the size eq is formed by the quotient of the change in absorbed power P and the change in the delivery rate q of the respective pump. It is therefore used in parallel-connected pumps as a characteristic variable for the output hydraulic power, the flow rate, which makes sense, since parallel-connected pumps are designed to realize a Födermenge that could not be provided with a single pump or at least not economically.
  • parallel-connected pumps have been energy-optimized as described above, then in the method according to the invention they are to be regarded as a single pump. Since for the energy optimization of such pumps not connected in parallel, the delivery height h, ie, the booster pressure, is used as the quantity for the hydraulic power, in the case of the pump according to the invention the size e h is formed in that the quotient of the change in absorbed power P and the change the delivery height h of each of the parallel-connected pumps determined and these quotients are then added.
  • an amount e h which is determined by the quotient of the change in absorbed power P and the change in the delivery head, is advantageously used for energy optimization h the respective pump or pump group (as described above) is formed.
  • This quantity e h is then equated to the corresponding size eh, possibly formed by addition, of the associated pilot pumps, variable sizes being achieved by variance of the control of the downstream pumps on both sides, and thus energy optimization being achieved.
  • the energy optimization method according to the invention has its limits where a pump reaches saturation, ie. H. promotes on the curve of their maximum performance. Then, this pump can not be controlled to increase performance, which is to be considered in the energy optimization process, be it that a pilot pump is approaching the saturation limit to be supported hydraulically by downstream pumps or a downstream pump that comes close to the saturation limit, in as far as not allowed to absorb higher power in the course of the energy optimization process.
  • the energy optimization method according to the invention fundamentally requires the knowledge of the functional relationship of the hydraulic system.
  • the functional relationship of the hydraulic system can also be determined by appropriate control of the pump in the system by the pump itself. It is provided according to the invention, in that at least one pump is initially controlled by the pumps in the system with a first speed and then with respect to the first speed, the resulting hydraulic variables or changes being detected on the consumer side and / or on the pump side and conclusions being drawn from these values Arrangement to be made.
  • two pumps by speed control of one of the pumps and pressure measurement or flow measurement can be easily determined whether the pumps are connected in parallel or in series.
  • the functional hydraulic relationship of the entire system can be determined, as will be made clear below with reference to an embodiment.
  • the functional relationship of several controllable in their speed pumps in a system is determined by the speed is changed at least one pump and at least one functional relationship of the system is determined from the resulting hydraulic reaction.
  • one or more pumps with a different speed can be controlled in order to determine this relationship.
  • to determine whether two pumps are connected in parallel or in series are sufficient to control one of the pumps at an increased speed to then determine by pressure or flow measurement compared to the original state in which way these pumps are connected.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented in the digital frequency converter electronics in the case of the advantageous use of frequency-converter-controlled pumps, in which case a data connection between the pumps should be formed wirelessly or wirelessly, for example via network cables, in order to appropriately coordinate the pumps according to the method and furthermore the hydraulic variables to detect at the pumps or at the consumers.
  • this method can also be implemented in a separate controller, which is connected in a wired or wireless manner to the pumps and possibly to the consumers or their sensors.
  • the method according to the invention offers the great advantage that it can be carried out with equipment that is typically present anyway in the heating system, ie. H. with the exception of the controller and the data network, no additional measures should be provided in the system.
  • control and data combination can be integrated with a suitable design of the pump in this at only a small additional cost.
  • the data network is not required for the subsequent energy optimization process.
  • a pump group consists of two or more pumps connected in parallel and / or in series. The first assignment step is therefore to determine on consumer-side size detection, whether the pumps are hydraulically interconnected as individual pumps or in groups in the system.
  • step a in which case the pressure difference generated by the respective pump, for example, by a differential pressure sensor at the respective Pump is detected. It is then successively each one of the pumps controlled with a modified, preferably increased pressure and detects the resulting differential pressure change or speed changes of the other pumps, after which the assignment of the pump within the pump group is determined based on the detected size changes, as this is based on the hydraulic Basic laws for parallel or Erasmusscnies of pumps results.
  • either the pumps of a pump group can subsequently be actuated with a changed, preferably increased speed and the flow rate can be detected by the respective pump or else the pumps are actuated one after the other to generate an increased differential pressure, in which case the pressure levels that are established recorded this and the other pumps and the assignment of the pump is determined within the pump group based on the possibly resulting changes.
  • the pump or the pumps which in their speed change two or more consumers or consumer groups according to the speed change increasing or decreasing influence according to the number of affected consumers or consumer groups assigned. It can thus be determined which pumps apply which load and thus the assignment of the pumps are determined among each other.
  • the method according to the invention is to be carried out by detecting the hydraulic variables of the pumps, for example the pressure or the volume flow, which is generally more favorable in terms of equipment, since frequency converter-controlled heating circulation pumps are nowadays regularly equipped with differential pressure sensors, then it is expedient to start with the Method to determine whether the hydraulic system is a hydraulic network or whether it consists of two or more independent parts of the system. In independent parts of the system has a speed change or pressure increased control of a pump in the other part of any influence, so that in this way with the method initially the hydraulically miteinender connected equipment parts can be determined.
  • independent parts of the system has a speed change or pressure increased control of a pump in the other part of any influence, so that in this way with the method initially the hydraulically miteinender connected equipment parts can be determined.
  • hydraulic variables of the pumps typically pressure or differential pressure or volumetric flow
  • the functional relationship of the pumps can be determined as follows, wherein the changes in driving a pump with increasing speed noted below are. It should be stressed, however, that the
  • the matrix is divided by a diagonal, which runs from one to the other matrix axis which quasi cuts or erases the fields of the matrix, in which an increasing size change is typically a 1. These are the fields where the pump assignment of column and row match.
  • the pumps are determined, which are assigned directly to a consumer or to a consumer group, d. H. promote in such a consumer or a consumer group without the interposition of other pumps.
  • These are the pumps where there is no increasing change in hydraulic sizes in a row below the diagonal or in a column above the diagonal of the matrix.
  • the first pump of the matrix which is assigned to the first row and the first column and which lies on the diagonal may also belong. This results from the row or column sorting.
  • the method according to the invention it is determined by evaluating the matrix how many pumps of the respective considered pump are connected upstream hydraulically. For this purpose, the number of increasing changes of the hydraulic variables in the columns under the diagonal or in the lines above the diagonal of the matrix is detected. This number corresponds to the number of pumps upstream of the respective pump, whereby no statement is made about the hydraulic connection of the upstream pumps.
  • the matrix is formed in the same way as described above, it can be determined which pumps are hydraulically next to each other and which are hydraulically connected in series, based on the number of increasing changes in the hydraulic variables in each row below or in each column above one Divide matrix and extending from one to the other matrix axis diagonal.
  • the number of increasing changes in the hydraulic variables in the rows below the diagonal or in the columns above the diagonal of the matrix can be used to determine the number of pumps which are hydraulically connected downstream of the respective pump thus the number can be assigned.
  • the inventive method can be evaluated when hydraulic variables of the pump, either be carried out by the fact that the flow rate of the pump is detected or alternatively the pressure or the differential pressure of the pump. If the determination of the pressure changes to take place, according to the invention, in the same manner as described above, a matrix is formed, in which the hydraulic changes of at least one hydraulically independent part of the plant are detected, whereby line by line to each pump in their control for the promotion with changed Pressure is given to resulting changes in the hydraulic magnitude of this and the other pumps and wherein each pump is assigned a column.
  • the rows are sorted according to their number of decreasing changes (-1) ascending from top to bottom and the columns according to their number decreasing changes from left to right and then using the number of decreasing changes in the hydraulic size in each column below or in each row one dividing the matrix and determining from one to the other matrix axis extending diagonal, which pumps hydraulically next to each other and which are hydraulically connected in series.
  • the diagonal forms a symmetrical division of the matrix and passes through the fields always indicated as increasing change, which in the row and column respectively relate to the same pump. These fields are not counted as in the above, even in the subsequent evaluation.
  • a different number of decreasing changes in hydraulic sizes in columns below the diagonal or in rows above the diagonal of the matrix indicates the series connection of the respective pumps.
  • the number of decreasing changes of the hydraulic variables in the columns below the diagonal or in the lines above the diagonal of the matrix indicates according to a development of the method according to the invention the number of the respective pump hydraulically upstream of the pumps.
  • the number of decreasing changes of the hydraulic variables in the rows below the diagonal or in the columns above the diagonal of the matrix indicates the number of pumps in each case hydraulically connected downstream.
  • the energy optimization method according to the invention and also the above-described method for determining the functional relationship of the pumps can be realized by an electronic control and regulating device, which is typically designed as a digital control and regulation unit and has a data connection to the pump.
  • a data connection can be made, for example, wirelessly via radio or wired in the manner of a network connection between the pump and the control unit.
  • the control unit can also form part of a pump. It may be particularly useful when a control unit is provided, which is data-connected to the pumps, so that practically any pumps can be used for the application of the method according to the invention, if they are modified accordingly, ie at least one data connection for connection have the control unit.
  • the pumps themselves are designed such that they have the variables required for the control method, in particular the magnitude e h , which is the quotient of the change in the absorbed power P for changing the delivery height h and eq which determines the Quotient of the change in the absorbed power P and the change in the flow rate q indicating the pump provide.
  • e h the quotient of the change in the absorbed power P for changing the delivery height h
  • eq which determines the Quotient of the change in the absorbed power P and the change in the flow rate q indicating the pump provide.
  • the control electronics of the pump should generate a signal S, if and as long as the respective pump has reached its power saturation. It is understood that in digital signal processing, a signal is always present and then a value of 0 to 1 or vice versa is set, which represents the saturation.
  • control unit it may be expedient to provide a part of the control unit on the pump side, for example, for the energy optimization parallel pumps and on the other hand only provide the part of the control unit as an external device, which for the optimization of energy optimization circuits or the entire plant serves.
  • the hydraulic system shown represents a heating system which has a total of 5 consumers or consumer groups V1, V3, V6, V7 and V10, as well as 14 speed-controllable centrifugal pumps pu1 - pu14.
  • energy optimization circuits are first of all to be formed. For this purpose, it must first be determined which pumps form pilot pumps, ie, it is necessary to determine the pumps which are directly assigned to a consumer.
  • these are the pumps pu1, pu2, pu3, pu6, pu7 and pu10.
  • the pumps pu1 and pu2 are connected in parallel and upstream of the load V1, ie directly assigned.
  • the pumps pu3, pu6, pu7 and pu10 are connected upstream of the corresponding consumers V3, V6, V7 and V10.
  • a first energy optimization circuit EK1 is formed by the two pilot pumps pu1 and pu2, which are arranged parallel to one another, as well as the upstream pump pu12 which feeds them.
  • a second energy optimizing circuit EK2 is formed by the pilot pump pu3 and the preformed pump pu1 conveying it.
  • a third energy optimization circuit EK3 is formed by the three pilot pumps pu1, pu2, pu3 and the upstream pumps pu4 and pu5, which are arranged in series with one another.
  • a fourth energy optimization circuit EK4 is formed by the two pilot pumps pu6 and pu7 and the upstream pump pu13.
  • a fifth energy optimization circuit EK5 is formed, which is formed by the pilot pumps pu1, pu2, pu3, pu6 and pu7 and the upstream pumps pu8 and pu9.
  • the other pumps which are also upstream of these pilot pumps, are not assigned to this energy-optimizing circuit EK5 since they are already assigned to other energy-optimization circuits.
  • an energy-optimizing circuit EK6 is formed, which consists of the pilot pump pu10 and the pump 14, which feeds into this pump.
  • the energy optimization circuits EK1 - EK6 are now energy-optimized one after the other, which energy-optimized the entire system in terms of pump operation.
  • a size e h is first determined in each energy optimization circuit with respect to the pilot pumps by determining the quotient from the change in the absorbed pump power P to the change in the delivery head h during plant operation by these pumps.
  • a power optimization circuit comprises two or more pilot pumps exist, such as in the circles EK1, EK3, EK4 and EK5, the variables are e h the pilot pump is added and with the size e h of each of the upstream pumping equated for itself.
  • the upstream pumps become controlled according to variable speed, until these e-values are equal and thus the energy optimization circuit is optimized.
  • the e-values of the pumps PU6 and PU7 are added in the energy-optimizing circuit EK4 and the pump PU 13 is variably controlled until the magnitude e h of the pump PU 13 corresponds to the sum of the magnitudes e h of the pumps PU6 and PU7.
  • the size e h of the pumps pu1, pu2 and pu3 are added in an analogous manner and equated successively with the size e h of the pump pu4 and the pump pu5 and the pumps pu5 or pu4 so long driven variable until this Values match.
  • EK5 two pumps are connected in parallel as in the energy optimization circuit as PU8 and PU9 the case with the pump, then the pumps connected in parallel are first energy-optimized to each other by size e is determined q in the operation of each of these pumps, which the Change of absorbed power P to change the flow rate q indicates.
  • the pumps pu8 and pu9 are then controlled in their speed by variance until the sizes eq of both pumps match.
  • the pumps pu8 and pu9 are then considered as a pump.
  • a size e h is determined by these pumps by the quotient from the change of the absorbed power P of a pump to the change of the delivery head h to each of the pumps is detected and added.
  • the energy optimization within the energy optimization circuit EK5 is then continued by equating this magnitude e h of the two pumps pu8 and pu9 with the sum of the corresponding e h variables of the pilot pumps.
  • FIG. 3 shown hydraulic system corresponds in its function substantially to the above and with reference to FIG. 1 shown, but with the difference that the pumps pu1 - pu14 not there as in FIG. 1 in the run to the consumers V, but in the return are switched to it.
  • the pilot pumps are thus connected on the suction side with the consumers V, the pumps downstream of the pilot pumps are connected downstream hydraulically.
  • the pilot pumps pu1 and pu2 which are assigned to the consumer V1
  • the pilot pumps pu3, pu6, pu7 and pu10 which are assigned to the consumers V3, V6, V7 and V10.
  • the upstream pumps are correspondingly similar to those in FIG. 4 illustrated energy optimization circuits EK1 - EK5 clarify.
  • FIG. 5 It is illustrated how four hydraulically interconnected pumps PUI - PUIV are connected with each other and how the energy optimization takes place.
  • the hydraulic connections are shown by broken lines and the data connections in solid lines.
  • the pump PUIV is connected upstream of the pumps PUI, PUII and PUIII, the pumps PUI, PUII and PUIII being connected in parallel and representing pilot pumps in relation to a consumer connected on the output side.
  • each pump a speed controller 10 and an energy optimization unit 11 assigned.
  • the upstream pump PUIV is associated with an energy optimization unit 11a, which is designed as an external unit, whereas the units 11 form part of the respective pump.
  • the pumps PUI, PUII and PUIII are connected in parallel, they are first optimized for each other by the pumps are controlled such that their sizes eq, which are formed by the difference quotient or differential quotient of power consumption P and flow q each pump, equated be, ie the pumps are by means of the speed controller 10 as long as driven at variable speeds until these values match.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, always one of the parallel pumps except the energy optimization, which ensures the generation of the applied by the pump discharge pressure, the other two pumps can then be energy-optimized in terms of flow.
  • the pump PUI is switched as a pilot pump for pressure control while the pumps PUII and PUIII share the required flow rate together with the pump PUI.
  • the upstream pump PUIV fulfills a pressure task, which is why the energy optimization takes place via the magnitude e h , which is formed by the difference or differential quotient of power consumption P and delivery height h.
  • FIG. 6 Based on FIG. 6 is an energy optimization process of 5 pumps PUI, PUII, PUIII, PUIV and PUV shown, wherein as in the embodiment of FIG. 5 the pumps PUI, PUII and PUIII are connected in parallel and are connected upstream of the pilot pumps PUIV and PUIV.
  • an internal optimization by means of the energy optimization devices 11 takes place via the signals eq and subsequently an energy optimization of the pump group consisting of the pumps PUI, PUll, PUIII via the energy optimization device 11 to the pilot pumps PUIV and PUV.
  • the quantities e h are dP / dh and the quantities eq are dP / dq / dq respectively provided with the number corresponding to the numbering of the corresponding pump.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 12 shown hydraulic system is not to be explained in detail here heating system. It is equipped with a total of 11 pumps PU1 - PU11. These altogether 11 pumps supply 6 consumers V1 - V6. These consumers may be single consumers, but are typically consumer groups, such as a network of parallel heat exchangers, as is customary in housing for space heating, which may also be connected in groups in parallel and / or in series. Each consumer is assigned a sensor S1, S3, S6, S7, S10 or S11, which detects the pressure dropping at the consumer.
  • the plant consists of two hydraulically independent plant components, namely the in Figure 7a System part shown on the bottom right, consisting of the pump PU 11 and the consumer V6 and the rest of the system component.
  • a pump PU10 a consumer V5
  • two parallel pumps PU8 and PU9 feed parallel via a downstream pump PU6 the consumer V3 and in parallel via a downstream pump PU7 the consumer V4.
  • the pumps PU1, PU2 and PU3 are supplied via the pumps PU5 and PU4 connected in series, which in turn, however, supply the load V1 or the load V2 to the consumer in parallel.
  • This arrangement is chosen arbitrarily and serves exclusively to illustrate the method according to the invention.
  • all pumps PU1 to PU11 are first of all actuated at a constant rotational speed, typically an average rotational speed which is selected so that the system is operated as intended, but reserves are present, so that the pumps may be in contact with the increased rotational speed can be controlled.
  • the pumps are typically frequency converter-controlled heating circulation pumps as they are customary in the market.
  • All pumps are operated at a constant speed, this speed should be constant relative to the respective pump, among each other, the speeds may of course differ. If one of the pumps has to be controlled with a different speed during the process due to the system's demand, this can be done if the correspondingly changed speed is taken into account mathematically. During this control with constant speed, pressures are determined at the sensors S1, S3, S6, S7, S10 and S11. It is now a first pump, for example, the pump PU1 driven at a different speed, for example, an increased speed and detected by the sensors S1, S3, S6, S7, S10 and S11, which then possibly adjusting changes or non-changes.
  • a matrix is expediently set up as in FIG. 7b is shown.
  • the pumps PU1-PU 11 are on one, here vertical axis and on the other.
  • the horizontal axis sensors S1 - S11 listed and then to capture in the resulting fields, if and possibly what hydraulic changes result when driving a pump with increased speed.
  • a categorization into 0, -1 and 1 takes place, where 0 stands for no change, 1 for an increasing hydraulic variable and -1 for a falling hydraulic variable.
  • the matrix representation is listed here only for simplified numerical representation, but in principle not required for the evaluation. It can now be determined on the basis of the control first of all that the pumps PU1 - PU10 have no influence on the sensor S11 and thus the consumer V6. Conversely, the pump PU 11 has no influence on the consumers V1 - V5, with the result that these are two independent parts of the system must, with the pump PU11 obviously only supplied to the consumer V6.
  • the pumps PU4 and PU5 can be found in the same way that they supply the consumers S1 and S3, but also indirectly because the consumers V3 and V4 are supplied directly from the pump PU6 or PU7, the pumps PU4 and PU5 as a pump group
  • these consumers do not influence in the same direction shows that the pump group PU4 and PU5 and the pump PU6 and the pump PU7 are connected side by side with the pumps PU6 and PU7 are assigned to the respective consumers V3 and V4 while the pump group PU4 and PU5 the consumers V1 and V2 applied, but also not directly.
  • FIGS. 12-14 In so far often is cheaper to perform the inventive method exclusively with pump-side pressure, differential pressure or flow sensors, as shown by the FIGS. 12-14 is shown.
  • This process proceeds in the same way, ie first all pumps are driven at a constant speed in a first step and then in a second step subsequently all pumps individually and sequentially with contrast, changed speed, typically increased speed.
  • the resulting changes are captured in a matrix as determined by FIG. 13 for the flow measurement of the pumps and by means of FIG. 14 for the differential pressure measurement on the pumps is shown.
  • the matrix is the same as the one from FIG. 7b is formed, ie 0 stands for no change in the hydraulic size of the corresponding sensor when driving the corresponding pump with increased speed, 1 stands for increasing change and -1 for falling change.
  • Each line is assigned a pump and each column of the pump associated sensor.
  • the columns are sorted in ascending order in the same way as the pumps from left to right, so that a mirror symmetry of the matrix with respect to a diagonal D formed by the fields affecting the same pump. This diagonal extends from top left to bottom right in the matrix starting from the field PU11 q11 to the rock PU9, q9.
  • the functional relationship, d. H. The structure of the system can be determined directly from this matrix. Thus, first of all, in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment, it can be determined from the zeros in the first column below the diagonal or in the first row above the diagonal that the pumps PU1-PU10 belong to a different part of the plant than the pump PU11 this pump only affects its own sensor q11.
  • the number of increasing changes in the hydraulic variables in the columns below the diagonal or mirror-symmetrically in the lines above the diagonal of the matrix indicates the number of pumps connected hydraulically upstream of the respective pump.
  • the pump PU1 which is assigned to the sensor q1 in the column q1 below the diagonal with four ones, ie four increasing changes in the hydraulic variables, which means that four pumps of the pump PU1 are connected upstream. This can be determined for each of the pumps.
  • FIG. 13 also be determined based on the number of increasing changes in the hydraulic variable in each row under or in each column on the diagonal D of the matrix, which pumps are hydraulically connected side by side and which are connected in series.
  • the number of increasing changes (+1) indicates the number of pumps which hydraulically follows this pump are.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé d'optimisation de l'énergie lors du fonctionnement de plusieurs pompes centrifuges à vitesse de rotation commandée dans une installation hydraulique dans laquelle, pour l'optimisation de l'énergie, des pompes sont commandées avec une vitesse de rotation variable, caractérisé en ce que, tout d'abord, on détecte les pompes qui sont directement associées à un consommateur en tant que pompes pilotes et les pompes qui sont des auxiliaires des pompes pilotes, après quoi on commande les pompes auxiliaires à des vitesses variables pour l'optimisation de l'énergie.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on forme un ou plusieurs circuits d'optimisation de l'énergie qui se composent chacun d'une ou de plusieurs pompes pilotes et d'une ou de plusieurs pompes auxiliaires qui refoule(nt) dans les pompes pilotes ou sont alimentées par ces dernières, les pompes auxiliaires étant associées chacune à un seul circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie, après quoi le ou les circuit(s) d'optimisation de l'énergie sont optimisé(s) en énergie.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie présente une ou plusieurs pompes pilotes et une ou plusieurs pompes auxiliaires qui refoule(nt) directement dans au moins une pompe pilote, ou qui est ou sont alimentées directement par cette ou ces dernière(s).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie comprend toutes les pompes pilotes dans lesquelles une ou plusieurs pompe auxiliaires(s) refoulent ou qui sont alimentée(s) par ces dernières.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie est optimisé en ce que, pour chaque pompe du circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie, on détermine une grandeur e qui est définie par le quotient de la modification de la puissance consommée par la modification de la puissance hydraulique disponible de la pompe, et en ce que les grandeurs e des pompes pilotes sont additionnées et ainsi mises en concordance avec la grandeur e de chacune des pompes du circuit d'optimisation de l'énergie montées en amont par une variance de la commande des pompes montées en amont, les pompes montées en amont qui sont branchées en parallèle étant alors considérées comme une seule pompe.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on prend comme puissance consommée la puissance électrique consommée P du moteur d'entraînement.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on prend comme mesure pour la puissance hydraulique disponible la hauteur de refoulement h de la pompe.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on prend comme mesure pour la puissance hydraulique disponible le débit de refoulement q de la pompe.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on commande les pompes branchées en parallèle de manière telle que la grandeur eq des pompes branchées en parallèle est la même pour toutes, la grandeur eq étant formée par le quotient de la modification de la puissance consommée P par la modification de la quantité de refoulement q de la pompe.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les pompes branchées en parallèle sont considérées comme une pompe unique, la grandeur eh pour cette pompe unique étant formée par l'addition des quotients de la modification de la puissance consommée P par la modification de la hauteur de refoulement h de chacune des pompes branchées en parallèle.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que pour les pompes branchées l'une à la suite de l'autre, on prend pour l'optimisation de l'énergie une grandeur eh de chacune des pompes branchées l'une à la suite de l'autre, qui est formée par le quotient de la modification de la puissance consommée P par la modification de la hauteur de refoulement h de la pompe.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une pompe cesse d'être pilotée dans le sens de l'accroissement de la puissance lorsqu'elle atteint ou immédiatement avant qu'elle atteigne sa saturation de puissance.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour la détermination de la relation fonctionnelle des pompes comprises dans l'installation, on modifie la vitesse de rotation d'au moins une pompe et on détermine au moins une relation fonctionnelle de l'installation à partir de la réaction hydraulique qui en résulte.
  14. Pompe pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par un moteur électrique et une pompe centrifuge entraînée par ce moteur, et équipée d'un régulateur électronique de vitesse de rotation qui comprend une électronique de commande dans laquelle l'électronique de commande produit un signal qui représente une grandeur e qui est déterminée par le quotient de la modification de la puissance consommée P par la modification d'une grandeur hydraulique de sortie ou d'une grandeur de la pompe qui est influencée par ladite grandeur de sortie.
  15. Pompe selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que la grandeur de sortie hydraulique permettant de déterminer la grandeur eh est la hauteur de refoulement h de la pompe.
  16. Pompe selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisée en ce que la grandeur de sortie hydraulique permettant de déterminer la grandeur eq est le débit de refoulement q de la pompe.
  17. Pompe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'électronique de commande produit un signal S qui représente la saturation de puissance.
  18. Pompe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'une unité de commande et de régulation est prévue pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 13.
  19. Pompe selon la revendication 18, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande et de régulation est une unité numérique.
EP10000447.2A 2010-01-19 2010-01-19 Procédé d'optimisation de l'énergie de pompes Active EP2354555B2 (fr)

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EP10000447.2A EP2354555B2 (fr) 2010-01-19 2010-01-19 Procédé d'optimisation de l'énergie de pompes
PL10000447T PL2354555T5 (pl) 2010-01-19 2010-01-19 Sposób optymalizacji energetycznej pomp
IN5006DEN2012 IN2012DN05006A (fr) 2010-01-19 2011-01-18
EA201290664A EA025057B1 (ru) 2010-01-19 2011-01-18 Способ энергетической оптимизации насосов
CN201180006040.1A CN102753831B (zh) 2010-01-19 2011-01-18 对泵进行能源优化的方法
US13/522,640 US9051936B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2011-01-18 Method for optimizing the energy of pumps
PCT/EP2011/000184 WO2011088983A1 (fr) 2010-01-19 2011-01-18 Procédé pour optimiser l'énergie de pompes

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EP2746477B1 (fr) * 2012-12-20 2019-10-16 Grundfos Holding A/S Procédé pour faire fonctionner une station de pompage des eaux usées
CN109863308B (zh) 2016-08-10 2020-09-15 可克斯塔特国际股份有限公司 模块化多级泵组件
RU2623585C1 (ru) * 2016-09-09 2017-06-28 Сергей Анатольевич Каргин Способ повышения энергоэффективности установок повышения давления с центробежными электроприводными насосами, управляемыми преобразователями частоты по закону ПИД-регулирования
DE102017203926A1 (de) * 2017-03-09 2018-09-13 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umwälzpumpe in Zwillingsbauweise
EP3724959B1 (fr) * 2018-01-12 2021-09-01 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Système de gestion d'énergie à reconnaissance et allocation adaptatives
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USD839313S1 (en) 2017-01-27 2019-01-29 S.A. Armstrong Limited Control pump
USD839314S1 (en) 2017-01-27 2019-01-29 S.A. Armstrong Limited Control pump
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US9051936B2 (en) 2015-06-09
CN102753831A (zh) 2012-10-24
IN2012DN05006A (fr) 2015-10-02
EP2354555A1 (fr) 2011-08-10
PL2354555T5 (pl) 2020-03-31
EP2354555B2 (fr) 2019-09-25
WO2011088983A1 (fr) 2011-07-28
EA025057B1 (ru) 2016-11-30
PL2354555T3 (pl) 2016-06-30
US20130017098A1 (en) 2013-01-17
EA201290664A1 (ru) 2012-12-28
CN102753831B (zh) 2015-07-22

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