EP2273224B1 - Unité d'échange thermique et échangeur thermique correspondant, procédé de réalisation d'une unité d'échange thermique - Google Patents

Unité d'échange thermique et échangeur thermique correspondant, procédé de réalisation d'une unité d'échange thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2273224B1
EP2273224B1 EP10164297A EP10164297A EP2273224B1 EP 2273224 B1 EP2273224 B1 EP 2273224B1 EP 10164297 A EP10164297 A EP 10164297A EP 10164297 A EP10164297 A EP 10164297A EP 2273224 B1 EP2273224 B1 EP 2273224B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
heat exchange
exchange unit
external envelope
internal conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10164297A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2273224A1 (fr
Inventor
Christophe Denoual
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP2273224A1 publication Critical patent/EP2273224A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/048—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of ribs integral with the element or local variations in thickness of the element, e.g. grooves, microchannels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F28D7/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium the conduits for one medium or the conduits for both media being flat tubes or arrays of tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/08—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes pressed; stamped; deep-drawn
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/16—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes extruded
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchange unit according to the preamble of claim 1 and a corresponding heat exchanger comprising such a heat exchange unit according to claim 8.
  • a method for producing a heat exchange unit according to the preamble of claim 13 is also referred to.
  • Such an exchange unit and such a method are known from the document WO 2005 033603 .
  • the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the field of heat exchangers in motor vehicles, including internal exchangers in air conditioning cycles where the high-pressure refrigerant fluid and high temperature exchange with the same refrigerant fluid at low pressure and low temperature.
  • the tubes used are brazed on heat exchange elements consisting of spacers placed between the tubes.
  • these spacers are made in the form of corrugated surfaces, the tubes being soldered on the spacers at the vertices of the corrugations.
  • the invention therefore aims to provide a simplified assembly of a heat exchange unit for heat exchanger at lower cost.
  • the subject of the invention is a heat exchange unit between a first and second fluid according to claim 1.
  • Such a unit can be to manufacture and assemble easily while offering optimum heat transfer qualities, both by the points of contact between the inner tube and the outer tube but also by the fact that the first fluid is sandwiched between two layers of the first fluid.
  • Said inner duct is in the form of a plate and said outer casing has a generally hollow parallelepipedal shape, the outer casing having two side walls that extend between the ribbed walls.
  • the inner conduit is an extruded conduit.
  • the outer envelope delimits for its part a duct also made by extrusion. This ensures a high pressure resistance necessary for the use of such a unit with a supercritical refrigerant fluid of the carbon dioxide type where the burst pressures can reach 200 to 300 bar.
  • the outer casing is made from a strip, for example for air conditioning loops with lower pressure constraints.
  • at least one of the ribbed walls has at least one rib in contact with the inner conduit via a flat end of the rib. This ensures a good adhesion through a sufficient contact surface between the flat end and the outer wall of the inner conduit.
  • the sidewalls have local deformation, i.e. a curved recess inwardly of the outer shell. This feature facilitates a compression step of the outer shell.
  • the depression then has a V-shaped section before the compression step of the outer envelope, then a "U" shape whose branches touch each other after said compression step.
  • the invention covers a method of producing a heat exchange unit between a first and a second fluid according to claim 13.
  • said ribbed walls are formed on the inner surface of said outer shell by means of ribs.
  • said ribbed walls are formed on the outer surface of said inner duct by means of ribs.
  • the inner duct is made beforehand by an extrusion step.
  • the outer shell and the ribbed walls are made beforehand by a common extrusion step.
  • said ribbed or rib walls are formed by folding a metal strip.
  • the manufacturing method comprises a step in which the internal surface of said outer casing is fixed by bonding or soldering to the external surface of said inner duct, in order to optimize the adhesion.
  • a curved recess is made inwardly of said outer casing, substantially in the middle of lateral walls of the outer casing, to facilitate the compression step B) of the outer casing.
  • Such a method makes it possible to obtain a single heat exchange unit with several circulation channels instead of several tubes to be assembled together, which makes it possible to reduce the number of components to be assembled in a thermal exchange and reduces the risks of leaks. .
  • the arrangement of the circulation channels makes it possible to improve the heat exchange between the two fluids.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchange unit between a first and a second fluid intended to be used in particular in an internal heat exchanger for example in an air conditioning circuit of a motor vehicle.
  • An internal exchanger is a device allowing the refrigerant fluid to exchange heat with the same fluid, but in a different temperature and pressure state.
  • the refrigerant fluid is typically a chlorinated and fluorinated fluid operating in a subcritical regime, such as the R-134a fluid.
  • the coolant can also be a super-critical fluid such as carbon dioxide known as R744.
  • An air conditioning circuit 1 as illustrated on the figure 1 typically comprises, in the direction of circulation of the cooling fluid, a compressor 3, a condenser or gas cooler 5, an internal exchanger 7, an expansion member, calibrated orifice or expander 9, an evaporator 11 and a drying accumulator or bottle 13, these different elements being connected to each other by connecting pieces, such as tubes, tubings, pipes or the like, so as to ensure a circulation of refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant, sent by the compressor 3, passes through the condenser 5, from which it comes out in a state of high pressure and high temperature.
  • the refrigerant then passes through the internal heat exchanger 7, then is expanded in the expander 9.
  • the fluid thus expanded is then conveyed to the evaporator 11, before joining the internal exchanger 7 in a state of low pressure and low temperature that he goes through.
  • the desiccant bottle 13 can be inserted between the condenser 5 and the internal exchanger 7.
  • the internal heat exchanger 7 is arranged so that it is traversed in one direction by the high-pressure refrigerant and high temperature (first fluid) and in the other direction by low-pressure refrigerant and low temperature (second fluid ). It is a single fluid since the air conditioning circuit 1 is a closed loop. Thus, the hot fluid at high pressure from the condenser 5 exchanges heat with the same cold and low pressure fluid from the evaporator 11. In other words, the internal exchanger 7 ensures a thermal exchange of the refrigerant fluid at two points different from the air conditioning circuit.
  • Such exchanger 7 may comprise one or more exchange units as shown in FIG. figure 2a .
  • an exchange unit 15 may be provided with a plurality of inner ducts inserted into a common outer shell 19.
  • An alternative embodiment with two inner ducts 17 'and 17 "in the same casing 19 is illustrated on FIG. figure 2b .
  • the inner conduit 17 is in the form of a plate whose outer surface is substantially smooth.
  • the inner duct 17 ( figure 3 ) comprises a plurality of first longitudinal channels 21 for the circulation of the first fluid, for example in a substantially cylindrical shape. These channels 21 are parallel to one another and are separated by longitudinal partitions 23 of the inner duct 17.
  • This inner duct 17 has thin walls, which makes it possible to limit the weight of the heat exchange unit 15 and to improve heat exchange.
  • the inner conduit 17 is thus made by an extrusion process of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the outer envelope 19, better visible on the figure 4 has for example a hollow parallelepipedal overall shape, and has an orifice 25 for the insertion of the inner conduit 17.
  • the outer casing 19 comprises in practice four inner walls said ribbed at the base of which the ribs 27 extend towards the interior duct 17.
  • the longitudinal internal surfaces of the outer shell 19 are the ribbed walls 19a, the plurality of ribs 27 of which terminate in a flat end 50 which adhere to the outer surface or wall of the inner pipe 17, so as to delimit a plurality of second longitudinal channels 29 for the circulation of the second fluid.
  • These second channels 29 extend substantially parallel to the first channels 21 between the inner duct 17 and the outer casing 19.
  • the second fluid passing through the second circulation channels 29 is in direct contact with the inner conduit 17, which optimizes the heat exchange with the first fluid.
  • the outer casing 19 also has thin walls, for example of the order of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, to limit the weight of the heat exchange unit and improve heat exchange.
  • the outer casing 19 also has a local deformation of the lateral internal walls of the outer casing 19 substantially in the middle of said side walls.
  • the local deformation of the outer casing 19 is formed by a recess 41 curved inwardly of the outer casing 19.
  • This depression 41 curved inwardly of the outer casing 19 is present on lateral walls 51 of the outer casing 19 which extend between the ribbed walls 19a.
  • the depressions 41 then form a fold over the entire length of the outer envelope 19.
  • the outer casing 19 is made of aluminum and in the mass for example by means of an extrusion process.
  • the outer casing 19 is made by stamping from an aluminum strip.
  • one of the two depressions 41 is cut along the length so as to separate the two ribbed walls 19a.
  • the other sink 41 then serves as a hinge to fold the first ribbed wall 19a on the second opposite ribbed wall and thus sandwich the inner conduit 17.
  • This alternative is particularly dedicated to the manufacture of an envelope outer 19 from an aluminum strip (or aluminum alloy) as mentioned above.
  • Such a heat exchange unit can thus be easily assembled in a heat exchanger which then has a reduced number of components.
  • FIGS. 5a to 6b schematically represent a heat exchange unit as described above connected to a manifold for example of the internal heat exchanger 7.
  • the portion illustrated on the left has a symmetrical portion not shown to the right.
  • This exchanger 7 may comprise at least two manifolds 31, one for the introduction of the fluid and one for the evacuation of the fluid.
  • manifolds 31 may be made from a metallic material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • a first embodiment showing a closed circuit for fluids is illustrated on the Figures 5a to 5c .
  • collectors 33 and 35 are sealed and respectively delimit chambers communicating with the associated ends 37 of the inner duct 17 and 39 of the outer casing 19.
  • the internal volume of these collectors 33 and 35 are respectively in communication with the first channels 21 and the second channels 29.
  • the two collectors 33 and 35 may be arranged side by side, for example with the first collector 33 upstream of the second collector 35.
  • the manifold 31 has a generally parallelepipedal shape and two collectors 33, 35 of substantially cylindrical general section formed for example by extrusion.
  • the two collectors 33 and 35 are formed by two contiguous cylinders and on the figure 5c by two spaced cylinders.
  • Each manifold 33, 35 has an opening of complementary shape to the shape of the ends 37 or 39, here of generally rectangular general section, for receiving the associated ends 37 of the inner duct 17 and 39 of the outer casing 19.
  • a manifold 31 has in cross section a generally "eight" shape, the first 31a delimits the first manifold 33 and the second 31b loop delimits the second manifold 35.
  • the common portion 31c c at the two loops 31a, 31b of the "eight" has an opening for the passage of an associated end 37,39. In the example illustrated, it is the end 37 of the inner duct 17 which passes through the second collector 35 to be connected to the first collector 33.
  • the end 37 of the inner duct 17 projects from the end 39 of the outer casing 19. This allows the ends 37 of the inner duct 17 and 39 to be connected independently and in a simple manner. outer casing 19, respectively to the first 17 and second 19 collectors.
  • the two collectors 33 and 35 are nested inside one another.
  • solder plating may be provided on ends 37 and 39 for brazing attachment to collectors 33 and 35.
  • the second embodiment illustrated on the Figures 6a and 6b represents a closed circuit for the first fluid and open for the second fluid.
  • the manifolds 31 respectively comprise a single manifold 33 to which is attached the associated end 37 of the inner duct 17 for the introduction and evacuation of the first fluid.
  • the collectors respectively comprise at their ends introduction pipes and fluid discharge.
  • the inner conduit 17 is produced. It is possible, for example, to extrude to form the first circulation channels 21 of the first fluid (see FIG. figure 3 ).
  • the base material used to make an outer casing 19, for example aluminum or aluminum alloy, is chosen, then the outer casing 19 is produced in the form of a duct made by extrusion. Then, for example, by extrusion, an internal orifice 25 is made in the envelope 19.
  • the outer envelope 19 is made from a strip which is folded substantially at its center, the location of one of the 41
  • the inner conduit 17 can be introduced laterally, that is to say according to a perpendicular displacement of the inner conduit 17 relative to the depression 41 remained open. .
  • the orifice 25 is intended to receive the inner duct 17 and has for this purpose a shape complementary to the shape of the inner duct 17.
  • a plurality of ribs 27 are formed on the walls longitudinal inner 19a of the outer casing 19, (see figure 4 ).
  • these ribs 27 are made at the same time as the outer casing 19 during the extrusion step.
  • a first step A the inner conduit 17 is inserted into the orifice 25 ( figure 8 ).
  • the inner duct 17 is inserted into the outer casing 19 along an axis of insertion parallel to the first 21 and second 29 channels, so that the longitudinal walls of the inner duct 17 and the outer casing 19 extend parallel.
  • a first clearance G1 is present between the outer longitudinal walls 17a of the inner pipe 17 and the ends 50 of the ribs 27 on the inner longitudinal walls 19a of the outer shell 19.
  • a second clearance G2 is present between the walls external side 17b of the inner duct 17 and the inner surface of the recess 41 of the outer casing 19.
  • the presence of these first G1 and second G2 clearances allows easy insertion of the inner duct 17 in the outer casing 19.
  • These first G 1 and second G2 games are between 0.05mm and 0.3mm.
  • the arrangement of the channels 21 and ribs 27 parallel to the longitudinal directions allows a parallel flow of the first and second fluids, co-current or against the current.
  • the outer envelope 19 is compressed, for example by pressing or rolling, so that the volume of the outer envelope 19 is reduced.
  • the depressions 41 have a "V" -shaped section before the pressing or rolling step while they have a "U” -shaped section where the branches touch each other after pressing or rolling.
  • the heat exchange unit thus has a reduced size which makes it possible to reduce the size of the heat exchanger.
  • the side walls of the outer casing 19 having this recess 41 deform inwardly so as to come into contact with the inner duct 17 (see FIG. figure 8 ), which allows adhesion between the inner surface of the outer casing 19 and the outer surface of the inner duct 17 via the flat ends 50 of the ribs 27 and / or via the end of the depressions 41.
  • step B Moreover and after the compression step B, and this to optimize the adhesion and the seal between the inner conduit 17 and the outer casing 19, there is provided a step in which it is secured, for example by brazing or gluing, the inner walls 19a, 19b of the outer casing 19 to the outer walls 17a, 17b of the inner duct 17.
  • the side walls 51 may also be welded or brazed to the inner duct 17.
  • the heat exchange unit 15 thus produced makes it possible to optimize the heat exchange between the two fluids.
  • One or more heat exchange units 15 can then be assembled to the collector boxes to assemble a heat exchanger.
  • the entire heat exchange can then pass into a suitable brazing furnace, to braze in one operation the different parts to be fixed, such as the ends 37 and 39 of the inner pipe 17 and the outer shell 19 with the boxes. 33,35 or the outer surface of the inner conduit 17 with the inner surface of the outer casing 19.
  • heat exchange unit 15 can be made simply and easily connected to the manifolds 33,35 which allows to optimize the time and cost of assembly of a heat exchanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP10164297A 2009-06-02 2010-05-28 Unité d'échange thermique et échangeur thermique correspondant, procédé de réalisation d'une unité d'échange thermique Active EP2273224B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0902628A FR2946132B1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2009-06-02 Unite d'echange thermique et echangeur thermique correspondant, procede de realisation d'une unite d'echange thermique.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2273224A1 EP2273224A1 (fr) 2011-01-12
EP2273224B1 true EP2273224B1 (fr) 2012-05-09

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EP10164297A Active EP2273224B1 (fr) 2009-06-02 2010-05-28 Unité d'échange thermique et échangeur thermique correspondant, procédé de réalisation d'une unité d'échange thermique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US9103604B2 (es)
EP (1) EP2273224B1 (es)
JP (1) JP5727157B2 (es)
CN (2) CN101922884A (es)
AT (1) ATE557250T1 (es)
ES (1) ES2387355T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2946132B1 (es)

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JP5784215B2 (ja) * 2012-03-07 2015-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器および冷凍サイクル装置
JP5744316B2 (ja) * 2012-03-07 2015-07-08 三菱電機株式会社 熱交換器及びこの熱交換器を備えたヒートポンプシステム
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JP4179092B2 (ja) * 2003-07-30 2008-11-12 株式会社デンソー 熱交換器
DE10346141B4 (de) * 2003-10-01 2006-04-13 Eaton Fluid Power Gmbh Wärmetauschereinheit
JP2005221087A (ja) * 2004-02-03 2005-08-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器
JP2006258368A (ja) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器およびそれを用いたヒートポンプ給湯機
FR2887971B1 (fr) * 2005-06-29 2009-11-20 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a compacite et resistance a la pression ameliorees
DE102006012219B4 (de) * 2006-03-16 2018-04-05 Pierburg Gmbh Wärmeübertragungseinheit mit einem verschließbaren Fluidteileinlass
JP5264734B2 (ja) * 2006-09-19 2013-08-14 ベール ゲーエムベーハー ウント コー カーゲー 内燃機関用の熱交換器

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JP5727157B2 (ja) 2015-06-03
CN106225335A (zh) 2016-12-14
FR2946132B1 (fr) 2014-04-04
US20100300665A1 (en) 2010-12-02
ATE557250T1 (de) 2012-05-15
ES2387355T3 (es) 2012-09-20
US9103604B2 (en) 2015-08-11
EP2273224A1 (fr) 2011-01-12
CN101922884A (zh) 2010-12-22
JP2011007486A (ja) 2011-01-13
FR2946132A1 (fr) 2010-12-03

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