EP2270387B1 - LED flat light - Google Patents

LED flat light Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2270387B1
EP2270387B1 EP09164475A EP09164475A EP2270387B1 EP 2270387 B1 EP2270387 B1 EP 2270387B1 EP 09164475 A EP09164475 A EP 09164475A EP 09164475 A EP09164475 A EP 09164475A EP 2270387 B1 EP2270387 B1 EP 2270387B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leds
led
light
predetermined value
flat luminaire
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EP09164475A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2270387A1 (en
Inventor
Hagn Josef
Joachim Maier
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Hagn-Leone GmbH
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Hagn-Leone GmbH
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Application filed by Hagn-Leone GmbH filed Critical Hagn-Leone GmbH
Priority to AT09164475T priority Critical patent/ATE525612T1/en
Priority to EP09164475A priority patent/EP2270387B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2010/003949 priority patent/WO2011000554A1/en
Publication of EP2270387A1 publication Critical patent/EP2270387A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/04—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation intended only for mounting on a ceiling or the like overhead structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • F21V19/003—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources
    • F21V19/0055—Fastening of light source holders, e.g. of circuit boards or substrates holding light sources by screwing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F21Y2105/10—Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • Fluorescent tubes have the disadvantage of a comparatively low color temperature, as well as a limitation of the minimum height due to the size of the fluorescent tubes.
  • LED-based machine lights are known, which simulate the principle of a fluorescent lamp, for example, by 4-8 high-power LEDs are arranged in a row.
  • LED-equipped lighting fixtures have the advantage that LEDs are usually shock- and vibration resistant, circuit compatible and easily modulated in their emitted radiation.
  • punctiform light sources such a luminaire does not lead to a uniform illumination of the room and thus to disturbing glare effects and shadowing.
  • Another disadvantage is the low light intensity and the specification of the minimum height of the luminaire through the thickness of the high-power LEDs.
  • Out DE 197 47 980 A1 and DE 10 2008013589 A1 is an LED-based lighting fixture for wet rooms known.
  • Out EP 1082426 A2 is a flat radiating plate-shaped light unit known, which is realized by means of a board on which light emitting diodes are arranged to produce light. The arrangement of the LEDs in these fixtures also leads to glare and shadowing and not to a sufficiently uniform illumination as it is required for many industrial applications.
  • This object is achieved by a flat lamp according to claim 1 and a lamp according to claim 11.
  • the dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments of the invention.
  • the flat lamp comprises a lighting means and a housing for receiving the lighting means.
  • the overall height of the flat lamp in the direction of radiation can be less than 30 mm.
  • the luminous means comprises LEDs arranged on a printed circuit board with an arrangement density of at least 1 LED per 2.5 cm 2 over an area of at least 250 cm 2 . Due to the high arrangement density according to the invention over a minimum area of 250 cm 2 , the LEDs form a luminous surface, ie a surface luminous body based on punctiform LED light sources.
  • planar light in the context of this invention corresponds to a light or with respect to the light distribution very close to a light that is produced by a conventional surface light body.
  • surface light body is understood in the relevant art to mean a body having a uniformly light-emitting luminous area, the thickness of which is small in comparison to the length and width dimensions.
  • the emitted light of a surface luminaire compared to the light of a filament with point light sources produces less glare and shadowing, as the light distribution distributed by the flat luminous body spatially evenly is.
  • the LED luminous element according to the invention represents a surface luminous element in this sense, since it has the same advantageous illumination properties with regard to glare effects and shadowing.
  • the luminous element according to the invention thus combines the advantageous light distribution of a surface luminous body with the advantageous properties one on LED-based filament.
  • the inventive high total number of LEDs used allows a sufficiently high light intensity.
  • the bulbs of the flats consist of individual LEDs whose forward voltage does not exceed a deviation of +/- 5% by a predetermined value. It is particularly advantageous if the variation width of the forward voltage does not exceed a value of 3.5% by a predetermined value. This is due to the surprising finding in the course of the development that brightness differences and the resulting shadowing in the luminous area can be avoided by observing previously determined tolerances in the LED forward voltage. In addition, a significantly increased lifetime of the LEDs was observed. Investigations by the inventors after realization of the invention have found that customary tolerances of the LEDs used far exceed these fluctuation ranges.
  • the predetermined value of the forward voltage is in the range 2.7-3.7 volts. A higher fluctuation range of the forward voltage, in combination with the planar arrangement density of at least 1 LED per 2.5 cm 2 according to the invention, leads to significant temperature and brightness differences, which increase further with increasing operating time of the luminaire.
  • the flat lamp has a light source with a passive LED drive.
  • the passive LED drive can be realized by resistors connected in series to the LED, thereby defining the current flow through the LEDs. This allows a very cost-effective implementation of the bulb.
  • the flat lamp can also include an active control of the individual LEDs. This has the advantage that in order to comply with small tolerances of the LED forward voltage no preselection of the LEDs used is needed, but this can be realized by an active control circuit.
  • the LEDs mounted on the surface illuminant are preferably designed as surface mount LEDs (SMD LEDs) without an outstanding lens part.
  • SMD LEDs surface mount LEDs
  • Radial LEDs have a protruding lens portion where the emergent light is refracted. For lights with few LEDs, these effects are usually imperceptible.
  • the high number of densely arranged LEDs according to the invention leads to dark perceptible light spots on the surface illuminant in the case of radial LEDs.
  • the refraction of light on the protruding lens part also produces a warmer light with a higher proportion of yellow and red frequencies.
  • SMD LEDs generally have two planar bearing surfaces, by means of which the LED is mounted directly on a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board, preferably provided with thermal pads, whereby the resulting heat of the LED can be derived.
  • Radial LEDs are typically mounted on a printed circuit board, with the legs of the LEDs plugged in through the printed circuit board print and soldered from the back. As a result, they can be cooled only with difficulty.
  • individual LEDs with a power less than 120 mW per LED are used for the luminous means according to the invention. Due to the large number of individual LEDs used produces a sufficiently high light intensity, at the same time too high heat radiation is prevented in the emission direction. LEDs with a power ⁇ 120 mW are very cost-effective and due to their compact design compared to expensive high-performance LEDs for a low-profile flat luminaire.
  • a surface luminous element is realized by means of individual LEDs, which avoids the otherwise usual shadowing and irregularities in the luminous area when using point-shaped light sources (LEDs) and thus a flat light On the basis of LED technology, it meets the high requirements of industrial applications.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a flat lamp 1 in 29 inch design.
  • the flat lamp 1 comprises a frame element 10 which is made of die-cast aluminum and has a dark color for absorbing radiation of an LED-based luminous means 20.
  • a holding member 13 for mounting the flat lamp 1 is provided in a corresponding attitude.
  • the flat lamp 1 further has an outer cover 12 which extends over an outer region of the upper side and a part of the peripheral edge of the flat lamp 1 and which is screwed to the frame element 10 via screws 14.
  • An at least partially translucent cover plate 11 is fixed shock-resistant in the frame member 10 and consists for example of polycarbonate or polyacrylate or glass (tempered glass or laminated safety glass).
  • the outer dimensions of in Fig. 1 shown flat lamp amount to 771 x 171 x 28mm with a thickness of the illuminant of 3.5 mm.
  • the flat lamp thus has a height of 28 mm in the emission direction.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a frame member with lamp mounted therein and an outer cover of the flat lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the frame element has a lateral angle section 41.
  • the LED illuminant 30 rests on a lower surface of the angle section 41 and is fixed there with fastening means.
  • the frame member 10 has a circular recess for receiving the cables from the cable connection 34.
  • Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the surface illuminant 30.
  • the surface illuminant 30 includes a rectangular FR4 circuit board 32 on the 952 LEDs 31 are attached.
  • the outer dimensions of the Fig. 3 shown PCB are 700 x 138 mm.
  • the LEDs 31 are alternately arranged in rows of 8 and 9 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the circuit board with the row of LEDs 8 row parallel to the row of LEDs 9, so that one row 8 LED is equidistant from the next two LEDs of the following row 9 Series has.
  • the LEDs are mounted at a distance of 1.3 cm on the circuit board, which corresponds to an arrangement density of 1 LED per 1.68 cm 2 .
  • the LEDs 31 are mounted via two contact surfaces of the LED underside by Printmontage directly to a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board, preferably provided with thermal pads attached.
  • the flat lamp according to the invention knows a max. Surface temperature in the range of 55 ° C at 25 ° C ambient temperature.
  • the LED flat light according to the invention produces a light output in the range of 27,000 Lx per dm 2 at a distance of 15 cm and has a luminous area of approximately 7.6 dm 2 .
  • each 136 resistors 33 are soldered in a line perpendicular to the LED 8 and 9 rows.
  • LEDs and two resistors 33 are connected in series.
  • a cable connection 34 is soldered to the power supply.
  • two holes 37 are provided for fastening means to secure the circuit board to the frame member 10.
  • the inventors have determined in experimental series that the inventive high arrangement density of the 952 LEDs of 1 LED per 1.68 cm 2 at market Tolerances of the LEDs with respect to the forward voltage, the color temperature and the light intensity leads to disturbing shadows and light spots. Therefore, only specially preselected LEDs are installed for the surface illuminant according to the invention in the embodiment with a passive LED control, which has a very narrow fluctuation range with respect to the forward voltage (+/- 0.1 V at a mean forward voltage of 3.1 V), the color temperature (+ /. 500 ° K by a predetermined value of 6500 ° K) and the luminous intensity (+/- 150 mcd at a predetermined value of 1150 mcd).
  • circuit board fastener 35 for mounting the circuit board on the frame member 10.
  • Some of these fasteners are pronounced as bolts, which both secure the circuit board to the frame member and serve as a spacer for resting the outer cover 12.
  • Fig. 4 shows a control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows 2 LED strands 41 of the surface illuminant according to the invention (the remaining identically switched LED strands are not shown).
  • the arranged on the circuit board 32 LEDs 31 are summarized according to this embodiment to LED strands with 6 series-connected LEDs, wherein at the beginning and end of the strand in each case a resistor 33 is connected in series. All LED strings 41 consisting of 6 LEDs and 2 resistors are connected in parallel.
  • a voltage of 24 V which is applied to each of the parallel-connected LED strands 14 At each of the identical LEDs falls a forward voltage of 3.1 V with a tolerance of +/- 0.1 V and at each Resistor a voltage of 0.8V.
  • the resistors connected in series in the LEDs determine the current flow through the diodes through the resistance variable and the applied voltage and thus form the passive control of the luminous means.
  • Fig. 5a shows a view from the direction of emission of the LEDs used.
  • SMD LEDs Surface-mounted LEDs
  • the light is emitted via a circular opening 52 which has no outstanding lens part with a beam angle of 120 degrees. As a result, disruptive refraction effects are avoided.
  • the recess 53 indicates the polarization in the forward direction.
  • the LEDs used emit white light at a power of 62 mW per LED.
  • the LEDs used have a length of 3.5 mm and a width of 2.8 mm.
  • the LEDs 31 mounted on the circuit board have a forward voltage of 3.1 V, and a tolerance range (forward voltage fluctuation range) of +/- 0.1 V.
  • the LEDs used have a luminous intensity in the range of 1000-1300 mcd, and thus a tolerance range of altogether 300 mcd. Furthermore, the LEDs used have a color tolerance of about +/- 500 ° K around the range of 6500 ° K.
  • Fig. 5b shows a side view of the LEDs used which have a height of 1.9 mm.
  • Fig. 5c shows a bottom view of the LED in the direction of radiation.
  • the foot surfaces 54 are mounted directly on a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board.

Abstract

The flat light has a lighting unit (30) and housing for retaining the lighting unit. The lighting unit has light emitting diodes (31), which are arranged on a printed circuit board (32). The light emitting diodes are formed as surface mount light emitting diode without outstanding lens part.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachleuchte umfassend ein Leuchtmittel mit auf einer Leiterplatte angeordneten LEDs und ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme des Leuchtmittels.The invention relates to a flat lamp comprising a luminous means with LEDs arranged on a printed circuit board and a housing for accommodating the luminous means.

An Leuchten für die industrielle Anwendung, beispielsweise im Maschinenbau, werden zunehmend hohe Anforderungen betreffend die Bauhöhe und das Leistungsvermögen gestellt. Um den zunehmenden Trend im Maschinenbau Rechnung zu tragen, auf weniger Fläche mehr Produktionskapazitäten und Funktionalität bereitzustellen, ist es wünschenswert eine Leuchte mit möglichst geringer Bauhöhe, eine sog. Flachleuchte, bereitzustellen um die Arbeitsflächen im Maschinenraum möglichst wenig einzuschränken. Derartige Einsatzszenarien stellen weiterhin hohe Anforderungen an das Leistungsvermögen der eingesetzten Flachleuchten. So ist beispielsweise ein möglichst starkes, kontrastreiches, blend- und flackerfreies, gleichmäßiges Licht mit geringer Schattenbildung wünschenswert um eine optimale Ausleuchtung der Arbeitsplätze zu gewährleisten. Weiterhin müssen derartige Leuchten oft resistent gegen Wasser, Staub, Öle und Emulsionen sein.At lights for industrial application, for example in mechanical engineering, increasingly high demands are placed on the height and the performance. In order to take account of the increasing trend in mechanical engineering, to provide more production capacity and functionality on a smaller area, it is desirable to provide a luminaire with as low a height as possible, a so-called flat lamp, in order to minimize the work surfaces in the machine room as little as possible. Such application scenarios continue to place high demands on the performance of the flat lamps used. For example, a strong, high-contrast, glare- and flicker-free, uniform light with low shadowing is desirable to ensure optimal illumination of the workplaces. Furthermore, such lights must often be resistant to water, dust, oils and emulsions.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Flachleuchten basierend auf Leuchtstoffröhren bekannt. Leuchtstoffröhren haben den Nachteil einer vergleichsweisen geringen Farbtemperatur, sowie einer Beschränkung der Minimalbauhöhe aufgrund des Umfangs der Leuchtstoffröhren. Desweiteren sind Maschinenleuchten auf LED-Basis bekannt, die das Prinzip einer Leuchtstofflampe nachbilden, indem beispielsweise 4-8 Hochleistungs-LEDs in einer Reihe angeordnet sind. LEDbestückte Beleuchtungskörper besitzen den Vorteil, dass LEDs in der Regel stoß- und vibrationsfest, schaltkreiskompatibel und in ihrer emittierten Strahlung leicht modulierbar sind. Eine derartige Leuchte führt jedoch aufgrund der Verwendung punktförmiger Lichtquellen zu keiner gleichmäßigen Raumausleuchtung und dadurch zu störenden Blendeffekten und Schattenbildung. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die zu geringe Lichtstärke sowie die Vorgabe der Mindestbauhöhe der Leuchte durch die Dicke der Hochleistungs-LEDs. Aus DE 197 47 980 A1 und DE 10 2008013589 A1 ist ein Beleuchtungskörper auf LED-Basis für Feuchträume bekannt. Aus EP 1082426 A2 ist eine flächig abstrahlende plattenförmige Leuchteinheit bekannt, die mittels einer Platine realisiert ist, auf der zur Lichterzeugung Leuchtdioden angeordnet sind. Die Anordnung der LEDs in diesen Beleuchtungskörpern führt ebenfalls zu Blendeffekten und Schattenbildung und nicht zu einer hinreichend gleichmäßigen Ausleuchtung wie es für viele industrielle Anwendungen erforderlich ist.Flat lamps based on fluorescent tubes are known from the prior art. Fluorescent tubes have the disadvantage of a comparatively low color temperature, as well as a limitation of the minimum height due to the size of the fluorescent tubes. Furthermore, LED-based machine lights are known, which simulate the principle of a fluorescent lamp, for example, by 4-8 high-power LEDs are arranged in a row. LED-equipped lighting fixtures have the advantage that LEDs are usually shock- and vibration resistant, circuit compatible and easily modulated in their emitted radiation. However, due to the use of punctiform light sources, such a luminaire does not lead to a uniform illumination of the room and thus to disturbing glare effects and shadowing. Another disadvantage is the low light intensity and the specification of the minimum height of the luminaire through the thickness of the high-power LEDs. Out DE 197 47 980 A1 and DE 10 2008013589 A1 is an LED-based lighting fixture for wet rooms known. Out EP 1082426 A2 is a flat radiating plate-shaped light unit known, which is realized by means of a board on which light emitting diodes are arranged to produce light. The arrangement of the LEDs in these fixtures also leads to glare and shadowing and not to a sufficiently uniform illumination as it is required for many industrial applications.

Es ist deshalb eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine kostengünstige Flachleuchte mit einem Leuchtmittel bereitzustellen, die kontrastreiches, blend- und schattenarmes Licht mit hoher Lichtstärke und Farbtemperatur abgibt. Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Flachleuchte gemäß Patentanspruch 1 bzw. ein Leuchtmittel gemäß Anspruch 11 gelöst. Die abhängigen Patentansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a cost-effective flat lamp with a light source that emits high-contrast, glare and low-shadow light with high light intensity and color temperature. This object is achieved by a flat lamp according to claim 1 and a lamp according to claim 11. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments of the invention.

Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Flachleuchte ein Leuchtmittel und ein Gehäuse zur Aufnahme des Leuchtmittels. Die Gesamtbauhöhe der Flachleuchte in Abstrahlrichtung kann kleiner 30 mm betragen. Weiterhin umfasst das Leuchtmittel auf einer Leiterplatte flächig angeordnete LEDs mit einer Anordnungsdichte von mind. 1 LED pro 2,5 cm2 über eine Fläche von mind. 250 cm2. Durch die erfindungsgemäße hohe Anordnungsdichte über eine Mindestfläche von 250 cm2 bilden die LEDs eine leuchtende Fläche, d.h. einen Flächenleuchtkörper basierend auf punktförmigen LED-Lichtquellen.According to the invention, the flat lamp comprises a lighting means and a housing for receiving the lighting means. The overall height of the flat lamp in the direction of radiation can be less than 30 mm. Furthermore, the luminous means comprises LEDs arranged on a printed circuit board with an arrangement density of at least 1 LED per 2.5 cm 2 over an area of at least 250 cm 2 . Due to the high arrangement density according to the invention over a minimum area of 250 cm 2 , the LEDs form a luminous surface, ie a surface luminous body based on punctiform LED light sources.

Die Erfinder haben bei der Entwicklung der erfindungsgemäßen Flachleuchte den überraschenden Effekt beobachtet, dass bei einer Anordnungsdichte von mind. 1 LED pro 2,5 cm2 Unregelmäßigkeiten in der wahrnehmbaren Lichtverteilung trotz der punktförmigen LED -Lichtquellen zuverlässig vermieden werden können. Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Anordnungsdichte der LEDs von mind. 1 LED pro 1,75 cm2. Es ist daher ein besonderer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung, flächiges Licht trotz der Verwendung von punktförmigen LED-basierten Lichtquellen zu erzeugen.The inventors have observed in the development of the flat lamp according to the invention the surprising effect that at an arrangement density of min. 1 LED per 2.5 cm 2 irregularities in the perceptible light distribution can be reliably avoided despite the point-shaped LED light sources. An arrangement density of the LEDs of at least 1 LED per 1.75 cm 2 is particularly advantageous. It is therefore a particular aspect of the present invention to produce planar light despite the use of point LED-based light sources.

Erfindungsgemäß lässt sich durch die hohe LED Anordnungsdichte bei der vorgegebenen Mindestfläche flächiges Licht erzeugen, wobei flächiges Licht im Sinne dieser Erfindung einem Licht entspricht oder bezüglich der Lichtverteilung einem Licht sehr nahe kommt, das durch einen herkömmlichen Flächenleuchtkörper erzeugt wird.According to the invention can be generated by the high LED array density at the predetermined minimum surface area light, planar light in the context of this invention corresponds to a light or with respect to the light distribution very close to a light that is produced by a conventional surface light body.

Unter "Flächenleuchtkörper" ist in der einschlägigen Technik ein Körper mit einer gleichmäßig licht-emittierenden Leuchtfläche zu verstehen, dessen Dicke im Vergleich zu den Längen- und Breitenabmessungen klein ist. Bei gleicher Lichtstärke gemessen in einer für einen Anwendungsfall (z.B. Leuchte für eine Werkmaschine) typischen Entfernung vom Leuchtkörper erzeugt das emittierte Licht eines Flächenleuchtkörpers im Vergleich zum Licht eines Leuchtkörpers mit punktförmigen Lichtquellen weniger Blendeffekte und Schattenbildung, da die Lichtverteilung durch den flächigen Leuchtkörper räumlich gleichmäßiger verteilt ist. Der erfindungsgemäße LED-Leuchtkörper stellt einen Flächenleuchtkörper in diesem Sinne dar, da dieser dieselben vorteilhaften Beleuchtungseigenschaften in Hinblick auf Blendeffekte und Schattenbildung aufweist.The term "surface light body" is understood in the relevant art to mean a body having a uniformly light-emitting luminous area, the thickness of which is small in comparison to the length and width dimensions. With the same light intensity measured in a for a particular application (eg light for a factory machine) typical distance from the luminaire, the emitted light of a surface luminaire compared to the light of a filament with point light sources produces less glare and shadowing, as the light distribution distributed by the flat luminous body spatially evenly is. The LED luminous element according to the invention represents a surface luminous element in this sense, since it has the same advantageous illumination properties with regard to glare effects and shadowing.

Der erfindungsgemäße Leuchtkörper kombiniert damit die vorteilhafte Lichtverteilung eines Flächenleuchtkörpers mit den vorteilhaften Eigenschaften eines auf LED-basierten Leuchtkörpers. Die erfindungsgemäße hohe Gesamtzahl an eingesetzten LEDs ermöglicht eine ausreichend hohe Lichtstärke.The luminous element according to the invention thus combines the advantageous light distribution of a surface luminous body with the advantageous properties one on LED-based filament. The inventive high total number of LEDs used allows a sufficiently high light intensity.

Erfindungsgemäß besteht das Leuchtmittel der Flachleute aus Einzel-LEDs, deren Durchlassspannung eine Abweichung von +/- 5 % um einen vorbestimmten Wert nicht überschreitet. Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Schwankungsbreite der Durchlassspannung einen Wert von 3,5 % um einen vorbestimmten Wert nicht überschreitet. Dies beruht auf der überraschenden Feststellung im Verlauf der Entwicklung, dass durch Einhalten von vorher bestimmten Toleranzen bei der LED Durchlassspannung Helligkeitsunterschiede und dadurch bedingte Schattenbildung in der Leuchtfläche vermieden werden können. Zudem wurde eine deutlich erhöhte Lebensdauer der LEDs beobachtet. Bei Untersuchungen der Erfinder nach Verwirklichung der Erfindung wurde festgestellt, dass marktübliche Toleranzen der verwendeten LEDs weit über diesen Schwankungsbreiten liegen. Vorteilhafterweise liegt der vorbestimmte Wert der Durchlassspannung im Bereich von 2,7-3,7 Volt. Eine höhere Schwankungsbreite der Durchlassspannung führt in Kombination mit der erfindungsgemäßen flächigen Anordnungsdichte von mindestens 1 LED pro 2,5 cm2 zu signifikanten Temperatur- und Helligkeitsunterschieden, die mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer der Leuchte weiter zunehmen.According to the invention, the bulbs of the flats consist of individual LEDs whose forward voltage does not exceed a deviation of +/- 5% by a predetermined value. It is particularly advantageous if the variation width of the forward voltage does not exceed a value of 3.5% by a predetermined value. This is due to the surprising finding in the course of the development that brightness differences and the resulting shadowing in the luminous area can be avoided by observing previously determined tolerances in the LED forward voltage. In addition, a significantly increased lifetime of the LEDs was observed. Investigations by the inventors after realization of the invention have found that customary tolerances of the LEDs used far exceed these fluctuation ranges. Advantageously, the predetermined value of the forward voltage is in the range 2.7-3.7 volts. A higher fluctuation range of the forward voltage, in combination with the planar arrangement density of at least 1 LED per 2.5 cm 2 according to the invention, leads to significant temperature and brightness differences, which increase further with increasing operating time of the luminaire.

Vorzugsweise hat die Flachleuchte ein Leuchtmittel mit einer passiven LED-Ansteuerung. Die passive LED-Ansteuerung kann durch zu den LED in Serie geschaltete Widerstände realisiert werden, um dadurch den Stromfluss durch die LEDs festzulegen. Dadurch wird eine sehr kostengünstige Realisierung des Leuchtmittels ermöglicht.Preferably, the flat lamp has a light source with a passive LED drive. The passive LED drive can be realized by resistors connected in series to the LED, thereby defining the current flow through the LEDs. This allows a very cost-effective implementation of the bulb.

Die Flachleuchte kann aber auch eine aktive Ansteuerung der Einzel-LEDs umfassen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass zur Einhaltung kleiner Toleranzen der LED-Durchlassspannung keine Vorselektion der eingesetzten LEDs vonnöten ist, sondern diese durch eine aktive Steuerschaltung realisiert werden kann.The flat lamp can also include an active control of the individual LEDs. This has the advantage that in order to comply with small tolerances of the LED forward voltage no preselection of the LEDs used is needed, but this can be realized by an active control circuit.

Vorzugsweise werden die LEDs des erfindungsgemäßen Flächenleuchtmittels derart ausgewählt, dass die Schwankung der Farbtemperatur der LEDs einen Wert von +/- 15 % von einem vorbestimmten Wert nicht überschreitet. Dies beruht auf der Feststellung im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die marktüblichen Fertigungstoleranzen bezüglich Farbtemperatur und Lichtstärke in Kombination mit der erfindungsgemäßen dichten Anordnung vieler Einzel-LEDs zu Schattenbildung, insbesondere auch Farbschatten, im flächigen Licht führen können. Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Schwankungsbreite der Farbtemperatur von kleiner +/- 10% um einen vorbestimmten Wert. Vorteilhafter Weise liegt der vorbestimmte Wert der Farbtemperatur im Bereich 6000-7500° Kelvin.Preferably, the LEDs of the surface illuminant according to the invention are selected such that the fluctuation of the color temperature of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/- 15% of a predetermined value. This is based on the statement in the context of the invention that the customary manufacturing tolerances with respect to color temperature and light intensity in combination with the dense arrangement of many individual LEDs according to the invention to shade, especially color shadows, can lead in the surface light. Particularly advantageous is a fluctuation range of the color temperature of less than +/- 10% by a predetermined value. Advantageously, the predetermined value of the color temperature is in the range 6000-7500 ° Kelvin.

Weiterhin kann das Leuchtmittel LEDs umfassen, deren Schwankung der Lichtstärke der LEDs einen Wert von +/- 20 % um eine vorbestimmten Wert nicht überschreitet. Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Schwankungsbreite von unter +/-15% um einen vorbestimmten Wert. Die Schwankungsbreiten der Lichtstärke von marktüblichen LEDs liegt bei +/- 45% um einen vorbestimmten Wert. Vorteilhafter Weise liegt der vorbestimmte Wert der Lichtstärke im Bereich von 1000-1300 mcd.Furthermore, the light source can comprise LEDs whose fluctuation of the intensity of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/- 20% by a predetermined value. Particularly advantageous is a fluctuation range of less than +/- 15% by a predetermined value. The fluctuation ranges of the luminous intensity of commercially available LEDs is +/- 45% by a predetermined value. Advantageously, the predetermined value of the light intensity is in the range of 1000-1300 mcd.

Die vorgenannten Größen der bevorzugten Werte der Lichtstärke, Farbtemperatur, sowie der Durchlassspannung stellen bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele dar, bei denen derzeit handelsüblich LEDs Verwendung finden. Im Hinblick auf die schnell voranschreitende Entwicklung der LED-Technologie sind daher auch andere vorbestimmte Werte der Lichtstärke, Farbtemperatur und Durchlassspannung für eine Flachleuchte gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung möglich, solange die relative Schwankungsbreite um diese vorbestimmten Werte nicht die von der Erfindung vorgegebenen Grenzen überschreitet.The aforementioned magnitudes of the preferred values of light intensity, color temperature, as well as the forward voltage represent preferred embodiments in which currently commercially available LEDs are used. In view of the rapidly advancing development of LED technology are therefore also others predetermined values of the luminous intensity, color temperature and forward voltage for a flat lamp according to the present invention are possible as long as the relative fluctuation width by these predetermined values does not exceed the limits given by the invention.

Die auf dem Flächenleuchtmittel angebrachten LEDs sind vorzugsweise als Surface-Mount-LEDs (SMD-LEDs) ohne hervorragenden Linsenteil ausgebildet. Im Falle der erfindungsgemäßen Kombination einer hohen LED Anordnungsdichte über einer Mindestfläche von 250 cm2 treten bei der Verwendung herkömmlicher radialer LEDs störende Lichtverfälschungen auf. Radiale LEDs weisen ein hervorstehendes Linsenteil auf, an dem das austretende Licht gebrochen wird. Bei Leuchtkörpern mit wenigen LEDs sind diese Effekte in der Regel nicht wahrnehmbar. Die erfindungsgemäße hohe Zahl dicht angeordneter LEDs führt jedoch bei radialen LEDs zu dunklen wahrnehmbaren Lichtflecken auf dem Flächenleuchtmittel. Die Lichtbrechung am hervorstehenden Linsenteil erzeugt zudem ein wärmeres Licht mit einem höheren Anteil an Gelb- und Rotfrequenzen. Durch Verwendung von SMD LEDs ohne hervorragenden Linsenteil können diese Störeffekte zuverlässig vermieden werden.The LEDs mounted on the surface illuminant are preferably designed as surface mount LEDs (SMD LEDs) without an outstanding lens part. In the case of the combination according to the invention of a high LED arrangement density over a minimum area of 250 cm 2 , disturbing light distortions occur when conventional radial LEDs are used. Radial LEDs have a protruding lens portion where the emergent light is refracted. For lights with few LEDs, these effects are usually imperceptible. The high number of densely arranged LEDs according to the invention, however, leads to dark perceptible light spots on the surface illuminant in the case of radial LEDs. The refraction of light on the protruding lens part also produces a warmer light with a higher proportion of yellow and red frequencies. By using SMD LEDs without an excellent lens part these disturbing effects can be reliably avoided.

Das im Vergleich zur Verwendung von radialen LEDs kältere emittierte Licht der SMD LED ist zudem besonders vorteilhaft für Anwendungen in dunklen, öligen Maschinenbearbeitungsräumen, da diese Räume kaltes Licht im Vergleich zu wärmeren Licht besser reflektieren.Moreover, the SMD LED emitted light, which is colder compared to the use of radial LEDs, is particularly advantageous for applications in dark, oily machining areas, as these spaces better reflect cold light compared to warmer light.

Ein weiterer Vorteil von SMD LEDs ist das bessere Thermomanagement des Beleuchtungskörpers. SMD LEDs weisen in der Regel zwei plane Auflageflächen auf, mittels derer die LED direkt auf eine thermisch-leitende Fläche der Leiterplatte, vorzugsweise mit Wärmeleitpads versehen, angebracht wird, wodurch die entstehende Wärme der LED abgeleitet werden kann. Radiale LEDs werden in der Regel auf eine Leiterplatte montiert, wobei die Beine der LEDs durch den Print der Leiterplatte gesteckt und von der Rückseite angelötet werden. Dadurch können diese nur schwierig gekühlt werden. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen hohen Zahl dicht angeordneter LEDs kommt es zu einer besonders starken Wärmeentwicklung, wobei die geringe Bauhöhe von < 30 mm und die für industrielle Anwendungen oftmals hohe Umgebungstemperatur (bis zu 45°C) und notwendige Dichtheit der Flachleuchte gegen Staub und Wasser und der hieraus reduzierten Luftzirkulation das Thermomanagement zusätzlich erschweren. Um das Thermomanagement der Flachleuchte weiter zu verbessern, ist es vorteilhaft eine metallbasierte Leiterplatte zu verwenden, da diese eine verbesserte Wärmeleitfähigkeit im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen FR2 oder FR4-Leiterplatten aufweist.Another advantage of SMD LEDs is the better thermal management of the lighting fixture. SMD LEDs generally have two planar bearing surfaces, by means of which the LED is mounted directly on a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board, preferably provided with thermal pads, whereby the resulting heat of the LED can be derived. Radial LEDs are typically mounted on a printed circuit board, with the legs of the LEDs plugged in through the printed circuit board print and soldered from the back. As a result, they can be cooled only with difficulty. In the high number of densely arranged LEDs according to the invention, there is a particularly strong heat generation, the low height of <30 mm and for industrial applications often high ambient temperature (up to 45 ° C) and necessary tightness of the flat light against dust and water and the From this reduced air circulation make the thermal management even more difficult. In order to further improve the thermal management of the flat lamp, it is advantageous to use a metal-based circuit board, as it has an improved thermal conductivity compared to conventional FR2 or FR4 circuit boards.

Vorzugsweise werden für das erfindungsgemäße Leuchtmittel Einzel-LEDs mit einer Leistung kleiner < 120 mW pro LED verwendet. Durch die Vielzahl der verwendeten Einzel-LEDs entsteht eine ausreichend hohe Lichtstärke, wobei gleichzeitig eine zu hohe Wärmeausstrahlung in Abstrahl-Richtung verhindert wird. LEDs mit einer Leistung < 120 mW sind sehr kostengünstig und durch die kompakte Bauweise im Vergleich zu teuren Hochleistungs-LEDs für eine Flachleuchte mit geringer Bauhöhe geeignet.Preferably, individual LEDs with a power less than 120 mW per LED are used for the luminous means according to the invention. Due to the large number of individual LEDs used produces a sufficiently high light intensity, at the same time too high heat radiation is prevented in the emission direction. LEDs with a power <120 mW are very cost-effective and due to their compact design compared to expensive high-performance LEDs for a low-profile flat luminaire.

Zusammenfassend wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung eine kostengünstige Flachleuchte mit einem LED-basierten Flächenleuchtmittel ermöglicht, die ein schatten-, blend- und fleckenarmes, kontrastreiches Licht erzeugt bei hoher Farbtemperatur und Lichtstärke. Im Gegensatz zu den marktüblichen Ansätzen, die Lichtqualität einer Leuchte mittels hochentwickelter und leistungsstarker LEDs zu verbessern, ermöglicht es die erfindungsgemäße LED-basierte Flachleuchte stattdessen eine Vielzahl kostengünstiger und relativ leistungsarmer LEDs zu verwenden. Weiterhin wird durch die hohe Anordnungsdichte in Verbindung mit den geringen Schwankungsbreiten der LED-Leistungsparameter ein Flächenleuchtkörper mittels einzelner LEDs realisiert, der die sonst übliche Schattenbildung und Unregelmäßigkeiten in der Leuchtfläche bei der Verwendung von punkt-förmigen Lichtquellen (LEDs) vermeidet und somit ein flächiges Licht auf LED-Basis ermöglicht, dass den hohen Anforderungen im industriellen Einsatz genügt.In summary, the present invention enables a low-cost flat luminaire with an LED-based surface illuminant, which produces shadow-rich, blinding and stain-poor, high-contrast light with high color temperature and luminous intensity. In contrast to the usual market approaches to improve the lighting quality of a luminaire by means of sophisticated and high-performance LEDs, the LED-based flat light according to the invention allows instead a variety of low-cost and relatively low-power LEDs use. Furthermore, due to the high arrangement density in conjunction with the low fluctuation ranges of the LED performance parameters, a surface luminous element is realized by means of individual LEDs, which avoids the otherwise usual shadowing and irregularities in the luminous area when using point-shaped light sources (LEDs) and thus a flat light On the basis of LED technology, it meets the high requirements of industrial applications.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügte Zeichnung näher beschrieben.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Flachleuchte;
  • Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch ein Rahmenelement mit darin montiertem Flächenleuchtmittel und eine Außenabdeckung der Flachleuchte gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung;
  • Fig. 3 zeigt eine vergrößerte Draufsicht auf das Flächenleuchtmittel gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung;
  • Fig. 4 zeigt eine Steuerschaltung der Leuchtdiodenstränge des Flächenleuchtmittels gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung;
  • Fig. 5a-c zeigen verschiedene Ansichten der eingesetzten LEDs.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of the flat lamp according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a frame member with surface illuminant mounted therein and an outer cover of the flat lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged plan view of the surface lighting means according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 4 shows a control circuit of the light-emitting diode strands of the surface lighting means according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Fig. 5a-c show different views of the LEDs used.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Flachleuchte 1 in 29 Zoll-Ausführung. Die Flachleuchte 1 umfasst ein Rahmenelement 10, das aus Aluminium-Druckguss gefertigt ist und eine dunkle Farbe zur Absorption von Strahlung eines LED-basierten Leuchtmittels 20 aufweist. An einer Stirnfläche des Rahmenelements 10 ist ein Halteelement 13 zur Montage der Flachleuchte 1 in einer entsprechenden Haltung vorgesehen. Die Flachleuchte 1 weist ferner eine sich über einen äußeren Bereich der Oberseite, sowie einen Teil des Umfangrands der Flachleuchte 1 erstreckende Außenabdeckung 12 auf, die über Schrauben 14 mit dem Rahmenelement 10 verschraubt ist. Eine zumindest teilweise lichtdurchlässige Deckscheibe 11 ist in dem Rahmenelement 10 stoßfest festgelegt und besteht beispielsweise aus Polycarbonat oder Polyacrylat oder auch Glas (ESG oder VSG). Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a flat lamp 1 in 29 inch design. The flat lamp 1 comprises a frame element 10 which is made of die-cast aluminum and has a dark color for absorbing radiation of an LED-based luminous means 20. On an end face of the frame member 10, a holding member 13 for mounting the flat lamp 1 is provided in a corresponding attitude. The flat lamp 1 further has an outer cover 12 which extends over an outer region of the upper side and a part of the peripheral edge of the flat lamp 1 and which is screwed to the frame element 10 via screws 14. An at least partially translucent cover plate 11 is fixed shock-resistant in the frame member 10 and consists for example of polycarbonate or polyacrylate or glass (tempered glass or laminated safety glass).

Die äußeren Maße der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Flachleuchte betragen 771 x 171 x 28mm bei einer Dicke des Leuchtmittels von 3,5 mm. Die Flachleuchte weist damit eine Bauhöhe von 28 mm in Abstrahlrichtung auf.The outer dimensions of in Fig. 1 shown flat lamp amount to 771 x 171 x 28mm with a thickness of the illuminant of 3.5 mm. The flat lamp thus has a height of 28 mm in the emission direction.

Der innere Aufbau der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Flachleuchte 1 ist aus Fig. 2 besser ersichtlich. Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch ein Rahmenelement mit darin montiertem Leuchtmittel und eine Außenabdeckung der Flachleuchte gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung. Das Rahmenelement weist einen seitlichen Winkelabschnitt 41 auf. Das LED-Leuchtmittel 30 liegt auf einer unteren Fläche des Winkelabschnitts 41 auf und ist dort mit Befestigungsmitteln fixiert. Das Rahmenelement 10 weist eine kreisrunde Aussparung zur Aufnahme der Kabel von der Kabelverbindung 34 auf.The internal structure of in Fig. 1 shown flat lamp 1 is off Fig. 2 better visible. Fig. 2 schematically shows a frame member with lamp mounted therein and an outer cover of the flat lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention. The frame element has a lateral angle section 41. The LED illuminant 30 rests on a lower surface of the angle section 41 and is fixed there with fastening means. The frame member 10 has a circular recess for receiving the cables from the cable connection 34.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf das Flächenleuchtmittel 30. Das Flächenleuchtmittel 30 umfasst eine rechteckige FR4 Leiterplatte 32 auf der 952 LEDs 31 befestigt sind. Die äußeren Maße der Fig. 3 gezeigten Leiterplatte betragen 700 x 138 mm. Die LEDs 31 sind abwechselnd in 8er und 9er Reihen senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Leiterplatte angeordnet, wobei die LED-8er Reihe zu der LED-9er Reihe parallel verschoben ist, so dass eine LED der 8er Reihe den gleichen Abstand zu den zwei nächsten LEDs der folgenden 9er Reihe hat. Die LEDs sind in einem Abstand von 1,3 cm auf der Leiterplatte angebracht, was einer Anordnungsdichte von 1 LED pro 1,68 cm2 entspricht. Die LEDs 31 werden über zwei Auflageflächen der LED-Unterseite per Printmontage direkt auf eine thermisch leitende Fläche der Leiterplatte, bevorzugterweise mit Wärmeleitpads versehen, angebracht. Trotz der hohen Anordnungsdichte und der Vielzahl verwendeter LEDs weißt die erfindungsgemäße Flachleuchte eine max. Oberflächentemperatur im Bereich von 55°C bei 25°C Umgebungstemperatur auf. Die erfindungsgemäße LED-Flachleuchte erzeugt eine Lichtleistung im Bereich von 27000 Lx pro dm2 in 15 cm Entfernung und weist eine leuchtende Fläche von ca. 7,6 dm2 auf. Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the surface illuminant 30. The surface illuminant 30 includes a rectangular FR4 circuit board 32 on the 952 LEDs 31 are attached. The outer dimensions of the Fig. 3 shown PCB are 700 x 138 mm. The LEDs 31 are alternately arranged in rows of 8 and 9 perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the circuit board with the row of LEDs 8 row parallel to the row of LEDs 9, so that one row 8 LED is equidistant from the next two LEDs of the following row 9 Series has. The LEDs are mounted at a distance of 1.3 cm on the circuit board, which corresponds to an arrangement density of 1 LED per 1.68 cm 2 . The LEDs 31 are mounted via two contact surfaces of the LED underside by Printmontage directly to a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board, preferably provided with thermal pads attached. Despite the high arrangement density and the large number of LEDs used, the flat lamp according to the invention knows a max. Surface temperature in the range of 55 ° C at 25 ° C ambient temperature. The LED flat light according to the invention produces a light output in the range of 27,000 Lx per dm 2 at a distance of 15 cm and has a luminous area of approximately 7.6 dm 2 .

Auf den beiden äußeren langen Randstreifen der Leiterplatte 32 sind jeweils 136 Widerstände 33 in eine Linie senkrecht zu den LED 8er und 9er Reihen angelötet. Über die Leiterbahnen der Leiterplatte 32 werden jeweils 7 LEDs und zwei Widerstände 33 in Serie geschaltet. An zwei gegenüberliegenden Ecken der Leiterplatten ist jeweils eine Kabelverbindung 34 zur Spannungsversorgung aufgelötet. An zwei anderen gegenüberliegenden Ecken der Leiterplatten sind zwei Bohrungen 37 für Befestigungsmittel vorgesehen, um die Leiterplatte am Rahmenelement 10 zu befestigen.On the two outer long edge strips of the printed circuit board 32 each 136 resistors 33 are soldered in a line perpendicular to the LED 8 and 9 rows. About the tracks of the circuit board 32 7 LEDs and two resistors 33 are connected in series. At two opposite corners of the circuit boards in each case a cable connection 34 is soldered to the power supply. At two other opposite corners of the circuit boards two holes 37 are provided for fastening means to secure the circuit board to the frame member 10.

Die Erfinder haben bei Versuchsreihen festgestellt, dass die erfindungsgemäße hohe Anordungsdichte der 952 LEDs von 1 LED pro 1,68 cm2 bei marktüblichen Toleranzen der LEDs bzgl. der Durchlassspannung, der Farbtemperatur und der Lichtstärke zu störende Schatten und Lichtflecken führt. Daher werden für das erfindungsgemäße Flächenleuchtmittel in dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer passive LED-Steuerung nur speziell vorselektierte LEDs verbaut, die einen sehr engen Schwankungsbereich bzgl. der Durchlassspannung (+/- 0.1 V bei einer mittleren Durchlassspannung von 3.1 V), der Farbtemperatur (+/- 500°K um einen vorbestimmten Wert von 6500°K) und der Lichtstärke (+/-150 mcd bei einem vorbestimmten Wert von 1150 mcd) haben.The inventors have determined in experimental series that the inventive high arrangement density of the 952 LEDs of 1 LED per 1.68 cm 2 at market Tolerances of the LEDs with respect to the forward voltage, the color temperature and the light intensity leads to disturbing shadows and light spots. Therefore, only specially preselected LEDs are installed for the surface illuminant according to the invention in the embodiment with a passive LED control, which has a very narrow fluctuation range with respect to the forward voltage (+/- 0.1 V at a mean forward voltage of 3.1 V), the color temperature (+ /. 500 ° K by a predetermined value of 6500 ° K) and the luminous intensity (+/- 150 mcd at a predetermined value of 1150 mcd).

Weiterhin befinden sich an den äußeren Rändern der Leiterplatte Befestigungsmittel 35 zur Befestigung der Leiterplatte am Rahmenelement 10. Einige dieser Befestigungsmittel sind als Schraubenbolzen ausgeprägt, die sowohl die Leiterplatte am Rahmenelement befestigen als auch als Abstandshalter zum Aufliegen der Außenabdeckung 12 dienen.Further, at the outer edges of the circuit board fastener 35 for mounting the circuit board on the frame member 10. Some of these fasteners are pronounced as bolts, which both secure the circuit board to the frame member and serve as a spacer for resting the outer cover 12.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Steuerschaltung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung. Fig. 4 zeigt 2 LED-Stränge 41 des erfindungsgemäßen Flächenleuchtmittels (die restlichen identisch geschalteten LED-Stränge sind nicht gezeigt). Die auf der Leiterplatte 32 angeordneten LEDs 31 sind gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel zu LED-Strängen mit 6 in Serie geschalteten LEDs zusammengefasst, wobei am Anfang und Ende des Stranges jeweils ein Widerstand 33 in Serie geschaltet ist. Alle LED- Stränge 41 bestehend aus 6 LEDs und 2 Widerständen sind parallel geschaltet. An der Leiterplatte liegt über die Kabelverbindung 34 eine Spannung von 24 V an, die auch an jeder der parallel geschalteten LED-Stränge 14 anliegt An jeder der baugleichen LEDs fällt eine Durchlassspannung von 3.1 V mit einer Toleranz von +/- 0.1 V und an jedem Widerstand eine Spannung von 0.8V an. Die zu den in LEDs in Serie geschalteten Widerstände legen durch die Widerstandsgröße und die angelegte Spannung dem Stromfluss durch die Dioden fest und bilden somit die passiven Steuerung des Leuchtmittels. Fig. 4 shows a control circuit according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 shows 2 LED strands 41 of the surface illuminant according to the invention (the remaining identically switched LED strands are not shown). The arranged on the circuit board 32 LEDs 31 are summarized according to this embodiment to LED strands with 6 series-connected LEDs, wherein at the beginning and end of the strand in each case a resistor 33 is connected in series. All LED strings 41 consisting of 6 LEDs and 2 resistors are connected in parallel. On the circuit board is located on the cable connection 34, a voltage of 24 V, which is applied to each of the parallel-connected LED strands 14 At each of the identical LEDs falls a forward voltage of 3.1 V with a tolerance of +/- 0.1 V and at each Resistor a voltage of 0.8V. The resistors connected in series in the LEDs determine the current flow through the diodes through the resistance variable and the applied voltage and thus form the passive control of the luminous means.

Fig. 5a zeigt eine Sicht aus Abstrahlrichtung der verwendeten LEDs. Es werden Surface-Mounted-LEDs (SMD-LEDs) in einem PLCC 2 Gehäuse verwendet. Das Licht wird über eine kreisrunde Öffnung 52 die über kein hervorragendes Linsenteil verfügt mit einem Abstrahlwinkel von 120 Grad emittiert. Dadurch werden störende Lichtbrechungseffekte vermieden. Die Aussparung 53 kennzeichnet die Polarisierung in Durchlassrichtung. Die verwendeten LEDs emittieren weißes Licht bei einer Leistung von 62 mw pro LED. Die verwendeten LEDs haben eine Länge von 3,5 mm und eine Breite von 2,8 mm. Die auf der Leiterplatte angebrachten LEDs 31 weisen eine Durchlassspannung von 3,1 V auf, und einen Toleranzbereich (Schwankungsbereich der Durchlasspannung) von +/-0,1 V. Weiterhin haben die verwendeten LEDs eine Lichtstärke im Bereich von 1000-1300 mcd, und damit einen Toleranzbereich von insgesamt 300 mcd. Weiterhin haben die verwendeten LEDs eine Farbtoleranz von ca. +/- 500°K um den Bereich von 6500°K. Fig. 5b zeigt eine Seitenansicht der verwendeten LEDs die eine Bauhöhe von 1,9 mm aufweisen. Fig. 5c zeigt eine Unteransicht der LED in Abstrahlrichtung. Die Fußflächen 54 werden direkt auf eine thermisch leitende Fläche der Leiterplatte angebracht. Fig. 5a shows a view from the direction of emission of the LEDs used. Surface-mounted LEDs (SMD LEDs) are used in a PLCC 2 package. The light is emitted via a circular opening 52 which has no outstanding lens part with a beam angle of 120 degrees. As a result, disruptive refraction effects are avoided. The recess 53 indicates the polarization in the forward direction. The LEDs used emit white light at a power of 62 mW per LED. The LEDs used have a length of 3.5 mm and a width of 2.8 mm. The LEDs 31 mounted on the circuit board have a forward voltage of 3.1 V, and a tolerance range (forward voltage fluctuation range) of +/- 0.1 V. Furthermore, the LEDs used have a luminous intensity in the range of 1000-1300 mcd, and thus a tolerance range of altogether 300 mcd. Furthermore, the LEDs used have a color tolerance of about +/- 500 ° K around the range of 6500 ° K. Fig. 5b shows a side view of the LEDs used which have a height of 1.9 mm. Fig. 5c shows a bottom view of the LED in the direction of radiation. The foot surfaces 54 are mounted directly on a thermally conductive surface of the circuit board.

Die einzelnen Merkmale der Erfindung sind selbstverständlich nicht auf die beschriebenen Kombinationen von Merkmalen in Rahmen der vorgestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt und können in Abhängigkeit vorgegebener Vorrichtungsparameter auch in anderen Kombinationen eingesetzt werden.Of course, the individual features of the invention are not limited to the described combinations of features in the context of the presented embodiments and can also be used in other combinations depending on predetermined device parameters.

Claims (11)

  1. A flat luminaire (1) comprising a luminous means (30) and a housing (10) for accommodating the luminous means with a total structural height of the flat luminaire (1) in the emission direction of < 30 mm, wherein
    the luminous means (30) comprises LEDs (31) arranged areally on a printed circuit board (32) with an arrangement density of at least one LED per 2.5 cm2 over an area of at least 250 cm2, and a fluctuation of the forward voltage of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/- 5% by a predetermined value.
  2. The flat luminaire (1) according to claim 1, wherein a fluctuation of the colour temperature of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/-15% by a predetermined value.
  3. The flat luminaire (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a fluctuation of the light intensity of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/- 20% by a predetermined value.
  4. The flat luminaire (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined value of the forward voltage is in a range of 2.7 to 3.5 V.
  5. The flat luminaire (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined value of the light intensity is in a range of 1,000-1,300 mcd.
  6. The flat luminaire (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the predetermined value of the colour temperature is in a range of 6,000 to 7,500 ° Kelvin.
  7. The flat luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the LEDs (31) are formed as Surface Mount LEDs (SMD LEDs) without a protruding lens part.
  8. The flat luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that LEDS having a power of < 120 mW per LED are used.
  9. The flat luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the printed circuit board is a metal-based printed circuit board.
  10. The flat luminaire according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the areal luminous means comprises a passive LED control.
  11. A luminous means (30) of the flat luminaire according to claim 1, characterized in that the luminous means (30) comprises LEDs (31) arranged areally on a printed circuit board (32) with an arrangement density of at least one LED per 2.5 cm2 over an area of at least 250 cm2, and a fluctuation of the forward voltage of the LEDs does not exceed a value of +/- 5% by a predetermined value.
EP09164475A 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 LED flat light Active EP2270387B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT09164475T ATE525612T1 (en) 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 LED FLAT LAMP
EP09164475A EP2270387B1 (en) 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 LED flat light
PCT/EP2010/003949 WO2011000554A1 (en) 2009-07-02 2010-07-02 Led luminous means and led flat luminaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09164475A EP2270387B1 (en) 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 LED flat light

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2270387A1 EP2270387A1 (en) 2011-01-05
EP2270387B1 true EP2270387B1 (en) 2011-09-21

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EP09164475A Active EP2270387B1 (en) 2009-07-02 2009-07-02 LED flat light

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EP (1) EP2270387B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE525612T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011000554A1 (en)

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US8915636B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-12-23 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and retrofit kit
US9476552B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2016-10-25 Pixi Lighting, Inc. LED light fixture and assembly method therefor
US9500328B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2016-11-22 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Lighting assembly
US9546781B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2017-01-17 Ever Venture Solutions, Inc. Field-serviceable flat panel lighting device
US9557022B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2017-01-31 Ever Venture Solutions, Inc. Non-round retrofit recessed LED lighting fixture

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WO2015197387A1 (en) * 2014-06-23 2015-12-30 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Led light source
CN106023844A (en) * 2016-06-16 2016-10-12 合肥嫩芽科技有限公司 LED lamp in advertisement box

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US8915636B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2014-12-23 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and retrofit kit
US9335036B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-05-10 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and driving circuitry
US9423113B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-08-23 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and driving circuitry
US9441801B1 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-09-13 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and driving circuitry
US9447954B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-09-20 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Light fixture having a central wire-way
US9453616B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-09-27 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device
US9523487B1 (en) 2011-05-17 2016-12-20 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device and driving circuitry
US9562678B2 (en) 2011-05-17 2017-02-07 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Flat panel lighting device
US9476552B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2016-10-25 Pixi Lighting, Inc. LED light fixture and assembly method therefor
US9500328B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2016-11-22 Pixi Lighting, Inc. Lighting assembly
US9546781B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2017-01-17 Ever Venture Solutions, Inc. Field-serviceable flat panel lighting device
US9557022B2 (en) 2015-04-30 2017-01-31 Ever Venture Solutions, Inc. Non-round retrofit recessed LED lighting fixture

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ATE525612T1 (en) 2011-10-15
EP2270387A1 (en) 2011-01-05

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