EP2260274A1 - Fill level switch and sensor element for a fill level switch - Google Patents
Fill level switch and sensor element for a fill level switchInfo
- Publication number
- EP2260274A1 EP2260274A1 EP09729087A EP09729087A EP2260274A1 EP 2260274 A1 EP2260274 A1 EP 2260274A1 EP 09729087 A EP09729087 A EP 09729087A EP 09729087 A EP09729087 A EP 09729087A EP 2260274 A1 EP2260274 A1 EP 2260274A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- line
- medium
- sensor element
- level switch
- window
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
- G01F23/2845—Electromagnetic waves for discrete levels
Definitions
- the invention relates to a level switch for detecting the level of a medium in a container, with a sensor element for contacting the medium, with a transmitter for acting on the sensor element with an electromagnetic transmission signal and with an evaluation unit for detecting a received signal from the sensor element, wherein the Sensor element comprises a line for guiding the transmission signal.
- the invention also relates to a sensor element for such a level switch.
- level switch actually triggers a switching operation, but is more generally meant that a certain level by comparing a measured value with a - predetermined - threshold is recognizable and / or Level switch alone by its construction is only suitable to detect a substantially punctual level.
- level switches The measuring principles used in level switches are based in part on the evaluation of mechanical or electrical vibrations or simply on the evaluation of the change in a conductance (conductive level switch). Common to all considered level switches, that the medium whose level is to be detected, gets into contact with the sensor element in contact and must guess.
- limit switches such. B. conductive limit switches protrude comparatively far into the medium to be detected, even if designed as one or more electrodes sensor element is formed only dumb-shaped.
- the line encompassed by the sensor element makes contact with the electrodes, wherein the transmission signal usually consists of a simple alternating voltage which-depending on the conductivity of the medium to be detected-causes different large measuring currents.
- the transmission signal usually consists of a simple alternating voltage which-depending on the conductivity of the medium to be detected-causes different large measuring currents.
- the object of the present invention is to avoid - at least in part - the disadvantages of known level switches, in particular to specify a level switch which is based on a robust measuring principle. and allows a reliable cleaning and achieved substantially independent of the mounting position measurement results.
- the indicated object is achieved according to the invention first and essentially in the present level switch in that the line of the sensor element is designed as a delay line, the sensor element has a in the installed position of the level switch the medium facing window and at least a portion of the line through the window of the medium is electrically influenced.
- the physical effect used here is that an electromagnetic wave everywhere in a propagation medium - here in the line - partially reflected and partially transmitted, where the material properties, such as the permittivity or permeability, have a discontinuity or where the Induktellessbelag or the capacitance of the arrangement - for example, by a geometric discontinuity - has a point of discontinuity.
- the line is at least partially arranged in a planar configuration, which is very preferably a flat dense configuration, so that the delay line is rather concentrated in its geometric extent forth.
- the line as a whole consists of an outgoing line and a return line, wherein one end of the forward line and one end of the return line are connected or connectable to the transmitter and / or the evaluation unit.
- Such lines have a - depending on the design - comparatively large inductance and / or capacitance so that the propagation speed of an electromagnetic wave on such a line is relatively small, because the propagation speed of an electromagnetic wave on a line corresponds to the reciprocal of the root of the inductance per unit length and the capacity per unit length of this line.
- connection means By suitable dimensioning of this connecting means can be achieved, for example, that no reflections of the sensor signal occur in the uninfluenced state of the line.
- the planar configuration of the conduit is configured in the manner of a spiral or in the manner of a meander or for example also using connected circular segments.
- the line of the sensor element is realized on or in at least one carrier layer, in particular a planar carrier layer, wherein the carrier layer is in particular a ceramic layer, preferably a low-temperature or high-temperature ceramic ,
- the carrier layer is in particular a ceramic layer, preferably a low-temperature or high-temperature ceramic
- the aforementioned printed circuit board technologies offer, in particular with regard to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, an advantage in which the window is formed by a thin dielectric layer in the electrically influenced region of the line, in particular, it may be a ceramic layer.
- a thin dielectric layer in the electrically influenced region of the line in particular, it may be a ceramic layer.
- Such a layer can be made extremely thin, for example by a ceramic film, while at the same time achieving a high level of protection against corrosion.
- the frame of the window can be realized in particular by a further medium-side application to the surface of the sensor element, in particular by a further ceramic layer or by a plurality of further ceramic layers.
- the frame of the window is functionally formed in that the extending in the region of the window parts of the line are provided on or in an upper support layer and the extending beyond the window parts of the line on or in a deeper support layer are.
- This embodiment has the advantage that on the medium side, a flat end surface of the sensor element rea- It is also possible to precisely define the window through which the medium can influence the line.
- the line or the environment in the region of influence of the line has at least one electrical target discontinuity.
- This point of discontinuity forms an impedance jump and causes a deliberate partial reflection of the transmission signal in the same place.
- This setpoint reflection at the desired point of discontinuity can be used, for example, for a function check of the level switch or of the sensor element, namely, a proof that the transmission signal - at least up to the desired point of discontinuity - arrives at the line and back.
- the electrical desired point of discontinuity can be provided, for example, in the region outside the window, which ensures a certain time interval between the desired reflection signal and a reflection of the transmission signal caused by an influence on the line in the region of the window.
- the desired point of discontinuity may be provided in the region within the window, in particular in the region of the other end of the forward line and the other end of the return line.
- the transmitter and / or the evaluation unit are or is arranged on the side of the sensor element facing away from the medium.
- LTCC Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics
- electronic components in conductor technology can be manufactured here but also any components, for example in SMD technology, applied and equipped.
- the side of the sensor element facing away from the medium is at least partially surrounded by a housing, in particular by a metallic housing, which is advantageous in terms of electromagnetic shielding but also in terms of robustness.
- an electrode structure for measuring conductivity is provided on or in the outside of the sensor element facing the medium, which increases the usability of the fill level switch as a whole. Due to the conductivity measurement, it is possible to obtain redundant information about the state of influence of the level switch or the sensor element of the level switch. Furthermore, the electrode structure for conductivity measurement is also suitable for identifying adhesions to the sensor element. For the conductivity measurement, it has proven to be advantageous if the electrode structure can be contacted directly, in particular, directly by the medium.
- an antenna structure is implemented on or in the sensor element, with the electromagnetic waves in the direction of the medium radiated and electromagnetic wave from the direction of the medium can be received, the antenna structure designed in particular as a flat antenna with directed radiation characteristics is, especially as a panel antenna.
- This additional antenna structure allows to obtain with simple means additional information about the level in the container and even of a level which is independent of the contacting of the sensor element by the medium.
- a level of the medium can be determined, in which the medium is still spaced from the level switch over a considerable distance, so it can on the achievable through the line information - medium on the sensor element present, no medium on the sensor element available - more Information that, on the one hand, extends the functionality of the level switch beyond the original function, but on the other hand can be used as redundant information and thus significantly increase the reliability and function verifiability of the level switch.
- the antenna structure is connected to the line or at least connectable to the line, in particular via switchable connection means.
- the antenna structure can be fed via the line and the received signal of the antenna structure can also be guided again via the line to the evaluation unit.
- additional contacts can be saved by the carrier layer, which is particularly advantageous because these bushings must be suitable for high frequency and therefore are particularly expensive and costly to produce.
- the antenna structure can also be realized on the carrier layer and be covered by a further layer, this further layer having a pure protective function and should not be electrically effective, so that the radiation of electromagnetic waves is not hindered by the antenna structure.
- panel antennas can be realized so easily, wherein planar dipole antennas can be produced simply by a closed reflection conductor layer over it - spaced over a dielectric layer - a plurality of dipole elements and above - spaced over a further dielectric layer - a conductive mask is arranged to form the electromagnetic waves.
- the transmitter and the evaluation unit are in particular designed so that the line is acted upon by an electromagnetic signal and / or the antenna structure can be acted upon with an electromagnetic signal, the duration of a reflected at a point of discontinuity of the line electromagnetic signal can be determined and / or the transit time of an electromagnetic signal emitted via the antenna structure and reflected on the medium and again detected by the antenna structure can be determined.
- the presence and optionally the spacing of a medium is determined from the specific runtime.
- the invention further relates to a sensor element for a level switch of the type described above, which serves for the detection of a medium and has a line for guiding a transmission signal, this sensor element is equipped with one or more of the features described above.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a level switch according to the invention in the installed position in a container
- Fig. 2 the medium side plan view of the level switch according to
- FIG. 3 shows the medium-side plan view of a sensor element according to the invention with a meandering line
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of an inventive sensor element with a line with electrical target discontinuity
- Fig. 7a, 7b the sensor element of FIG. 5 with additional electrode structure for conductivity measurement and 8a, 8b, the sensor element according to the invention according to Fig. 4a, 4b with additional antenna structure.
- All darg Disposoren level switch 1 and sensor elements 3 are characterized in that the line 6 of the sensor element 3 is designed as a delay line, the sensor element 3 in the installation position of the level switch 1 facing the medium window 7 and at least a portion of the line 6 through the window is electrically influenced by the medium.
- the line 6 is designed in the manner of a spiral, whereas the line 6 in FIG. 3 is configured in a meandering manner. In both cases, due to the closely adjacent loops of the line 6 on a small area a significant length of the line 6 and thus a significant extension of the signal delay can be realized.
- the line 6 is realized on a carrier layer 10, which consists of a ceramic layer which has been produced in low-temperature ceramic-fired technology (LTCC).
- LTCC low-temperature ceramic-fired technology
- the window is formed by a thin dielectric layer 11 in the electrically influenced region of the conduit 6, in the present case by a ceramic layer.
- the window 7 simply extends over the region over which line 6 expands.
- the frame of the window 7 is formed by a further medium-side application 12, in the present case by ceramic layers. Due to the spacing of the medium through the application 12 of the line 6, the sensor element 3 is insensitive to contacting medium in this area; the sensitive area of the sensor element 3 is defined solely by the window 7.
- the window is formed by that in the region of the window 7 extending parts of the line 6 on or in a upper support layer 10 are provided and beyond the window 7 extending parts of the conduit 6 are provided on or in a deeper support layer 13.
- the arrangement of the lines 6 in several - in this case two - levels, the spacing of parts of the line 6 can be realized by the medium in the same way.
- the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 7 furthermore have the advantage that the medium-side surface of the sensor element 3 is smooth and therefore particularly easy to clean or, in the case of a suitable coating, offers no contact surface for medium adhesion ,
- the sensor element 3 shown in FIG. 6 has a line 6 with a desired electrical discontinuity 14. At this desired point of discontinuity 14, an impedance jump in the line 6 is achieved by a geometric irregularity in the line path. This electrical desired discontinuity point 14 ensures that a part of the transmission signal is reflected. This reflected transmission signal can serve, for example, for an independent fault diagnosis or functional monitoring of the level switch 1.
- the desired point of discontinuity 14 is provided at the end of the line 6, which has the advantage that the entire length of the line 6 can be functionally monitored.
- the transmitter 4 and the evaluation unit 5 are arranged on the side of the sensor element 3 facing away from the medium, namely on the outermost ceramic layer 15 facing away from the medium. This has the advantage that no separate carrier medium is required for the electronic circuit of the sensor element 3 must be provided.
- the transmitter 4 and the evaluation unit 5 are shown as separate components, but this is not mandatory. Rather, other embodiments are readily conceivable in which the transmitter and the evaluation unit are designed as a single integrated electronic component or in which the transmitter and / or the evaluation unit consist of a plurality of discrete components.
- Fig. 1 it is further shown that the side facing away from the medium of the sensor element 3 is surrounded by a housing 16, wherein the housing 16 is a metallic housing.
- the intermediate space between the side of the sensor element 3 facing away from the medium and the housing 16 is potted with a hardening potting compound 17, this potting compound 17 being an electrically insulating casting resin.
- This embodiment has the advantage that the level switch 1 or the sensor element 3 is extremely resistant to pressure, since the sensor element 3 can be supported on the housing 16 when it is acted upon by the pressure forces transmitted through the medium via the potting compound 17.
- the transmitter 4 and the evaluation unit 5 are designed so that the line 6 can be acted upon by an electromagnetic signal and - in the case of Ausflihrungsbeispiels according to Fig. 8a, 8b - the antenna structure 19 is acted upon by an electromagnetic signal and the duration of one at a Unstetmaschinesstelle the line 6 reflected electromagnetic signal can be determined and / or the duration of an emitted via the antenna structure 19, reflected on the medium and the antenna structure 19 again detected electromagnetic signal can be determined.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008016829A DE102008016829A1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | Level switch and sensor element for a level switch |
PCT/EP2009/002274 WO2009121530A1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-03-27 | Fill level switch and sensor element for a fill level switch |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2260274A1 true EP2260274A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
EP2260274B1 EP2260274B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
Family
ID=40996795
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09729087.8A Not-in-force EP2260274B1 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-03-27 | Fill level switch and sensor element for a fill level switch |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8474314B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2260274B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008016829A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009121530A1 (en) |
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JP5332989B2 (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2013-11-06 | ソニー株式会社 | Liquid tank and fuel cell |
DE102009060002A1 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-22 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik GmbH & Co. KG, 94496 | sensor |
DE202010016357U1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2011-03-24 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sensor with a preferably multilayer ceramic substrate |
DE102010053760A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-06 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sensor with a preferably multilayer ceramic substrate and method for its production |
DE102011010801B4 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2016-01-07 | Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh | Microwave transmitter and level gauge |
DE102011110666A1 (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-15 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sensor, system with a sensor and a measurement object and method for temperature measurement by means of a sensor |
DE102011112826B4 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2020-06-18 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sensor and method for manufacturing the sensor |
DE102011109553B4 (en) | 2011-08-05 | 2013-04-11 | Micro-Epsilon Messtechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sensor and sensor element |
US10099242B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2018-10-16 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive melter having pump mounted into heated housing |
US9169088B2 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2015-10-27 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive dispensing device having optimized cyclonic separator unit |
US9304028B2 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-04-05 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive dispensing device having optimized reservoir and capacitive level sensor |
US9200741B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2015-12-01 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive dispensing system and method using smart melt heater control |
US9243626B2 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2016-01-26 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive dispensing system and method including a pump with integrated diagnostics |
US9574714B2 (en) | 2013-07-29 | 2017-02-21 | Nordson Corporation | Adhesive melter and method having predictive maintenance for exhaust air filter |
DE102015100417A1 (en) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-14 | Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh | Method for determining the level of a medium in a container |
DE102015100414A1 (en) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-14 | Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh | Device for determining the level of a medium in a container |
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DE102017102587A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2018-08-09 | Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh | Level switch and method for determining a level limit of a medium in a container |
GB2569540A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-26 | Rosemount Measurement Ltd | Improvements in or relating to interface detection |
CN111504419B (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江大学 | Device and method for measuring liquid medicine amount of plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle |
US20220283013A1 (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-08 | Skroot Laboratory, Inc. | Contact free foam sensing in closed vessels with resonant sensors |
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-
2009
- 2009-03-27 EP EP09729087.8A patent/EP2260274B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-03-27 WO PCT/EP2009/002274 patent/WO2009121530A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-03-27 US US12/936,063 patent/US8474314B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008016829A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
EP2260274B1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
US20110100120A1 (en) | 2011-05-05 |
WO2009121530A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
US8474314B2 (en) | 2013-07-02 |
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