EP2247485B1 - Double-decker rail vehicle - Google Patents
Double-decker rail vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- EP2247485B1 EP2247485B1 EP09716240A EP09716240A EP2247485B1 EP 2247485 B1 EP2247485 B1 EP 2247485B1 EP 09716240 A EP09716240 A EP 09716240A EP 09716240 A EP09716240 A EP 09716240A EP 2247485 B1 EP2247485 B1 EP 2247485B1
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- rail vehicle
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000010201 Exanthema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D1/00—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic
- B61D1/06—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic with multiple deck arrangement
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a double-decker rail vehicle having an upper floor extending in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle, with a lower floor extending in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle, the lower floor extending in a plane below the upper floor, and with a staircase, the connects the upper floor with the lower floor, the staircase is a spiral staircase with a variety of arranged in a spiral treads.
- the stairs at this point disturb the construction of the passenger compartment least and can also be used here for connection to a mezzanine
- the Entry area for the passengers or passage to a neighboring wagon forms. Due to the end-side arrangement, the stairs are usually designed and aligned so that the entry and exit in the direction of travel, that is, in the vehicle longitudinal direction occurs.
- the said stairs are either as two-way counter-rotating U-stairs with intermediate platform or as a single-half-spiral staircase, usually in the form of a spiral staircase, so a spiral staircase with a spindle in the stairwell, executed.
- the conventional U-stairs with intermediate platform is indeed in the transverse direction, ie in the direction transverse to the entrance and exit, relatively narrow, but relatively long in the longitudinal direction. If you want to achieve a gain in space in the longitudinal direction, so in this case the conventional spiral staircase is used, which in the longitudinal direction has just a total extent in the size of a step width plus half the spindle diameter.
- the spiral staircase is significantly wider in the transverse direction than the conventional U-stairs, which is due to the design and the specifications for the step width, the number of stages and the Auferiesdorf in the middle stage, which must be met in rail vehicles.
- spiral staircases of the type described above thus require a small space in the vehicle longitudinal direction, the space requirement in the transverse direction leads when using the current set of rules, however, that spiral staircases in double-decker trolleys can be used in the described manner, at least as a continuous staircase between the lower floor and the upper floor.
- the trained and arranged by the Evoluten compiler or circular cutting treads allow compliance with the TSI PRM rules, in particular the consideration of a Auferies damageses of at least 270 mm, a significant gain in longitudinal direction compared to the transverse in anyway relatively narrow conventional U-stairs, but also a gain in space in the transverse direction opposite the longitudinally narrow anyway semi-spiraled spiral staircase.
- the spiral staircase provided in the double-decker rail vehicle according to the invention takes up less space than all previously known solutions and thus creates space for, for example, larger drive units and / or additional seats.
- the individual treads are designed so that the front step edge extends at an angle to the rear step edge, as is basically the case with a conventional spiral staircase.
- the steps do not start from a circular stairwell or a circular stair spindle, but from an elongated stairwell which, like the conventional spiral staircase, can also have a curved section in the form of a circular section, but in contrast to the latter connect conventional parallel spiral staircase parallel extensions, so that the stairwell and thus the stairs is substantially U-shaped.
- the leading edge and the trailing edge of the steps according to the evolute or circular cutting method are also at an angle to each other, which abuts the straight part of the stair eye, ie the two parallel legs of the U.
- the steps on the straight part of the stair eye are not, as in the conventional U-stairs with parallel front and rear edges provided, but the treads have in this area already tapering towards the stair eye shape.
- the treads are thus in the case of the invention already in the entry and / or exit arranged obliquely with respect to the transverse direction, so that the spiraling already begins in this area and not only in the region of the arcuate part of the stair eye, thus resulting in a significant space savings.
- the treads designed and arranged according to the evolute method or circular cutting method are preferably arranged consecutively in the helix, which allows a simple construction of the staircase according to the said method.
- the greatest gain in space can be achieved in the event that at least the three or four treads closest to the crest of the helix, preferably the seven or eight treads closest to the crest, are part of the treads formed and arranged by the evolute or circular cutting method.
- the center line of the staircase defined as a straight line that runs through the apex of the arch and the center of the stairwell or the staircase spindle, can also form the center line of the tread arranged in the apex of the arch.
- the leading edge of the top of the two levels lying on the center line of the stairs can be formed in the case that two treads adjoin one another in the apex of the bow.
- the center line of the staircase runs in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle.
- the stairs can be arranged end in the rail vehicle, the entry into the stairs and the exit from the stairs substantially in the vehicle longitudinal direction, ie parallel to the leading through the passenger compartment gear can be done.
- the entry step and / or the exit step is part of the tread step designed and arranged according to the evolutive or circular cutting method. If the entry level, ie the lowest of the steps, and / or the exit step, that is, the uppermost of all steps, are also arranged and designed in the space-saving manner described above, overall the footprint of the staircase can be further reduced.
- the running line that is the connecting line between the center of the leading edge and the center of the trailing edge of the respective tread, at least the upper tread, in particular the upper two treads, preferably the top three treads, extending at an angle to the center line of the stairs.
- the running line in the upper part of the staircase of the center line of the stairs and thus possibly also the center of the vehicle is approaching, ie on the center line of the stairs or vehicle center tapers.
- the angle between the line of the respective tread and the center line of the stairs according to an embodiment between 10 and 30 °, which on the one hand the smallest possible dimensions of the spiral staircase can be achieved and yet an exit in the top floor is possible, as far as possible from the side wall and so that the retracted roof is removed.
- the staircase described above is in accordance with a particular embodiment of the double-decker rail vehicle a einschreib half-spiral staircase, so that the passenger between the entry into the staircase and the outlet a turn of about 180 ° performs.
- the stair well which may also be similar to a spindle provided with a vertical pillar extending in the middle of the staircase from the lower floor in the upper floor, be U-shaped.
- the stairwell from which the treads radiate outwards, has two parallel sides which are interconnected to the apex of the helix.
- the connection between the two parallel sides can be realized in any conceivable form, in particular arcuate.
- the rail vehicle according to yet another embodiment is a railcar, the stairs being arranged in particular in the head end of the rail vehicle.
- a railcar is due to the drive units to be housed, especially at the head of the rail vehicle, little room for a staircase between the upper floor and lower floor, which is why the spiral staircase described above is particularly useful here.
- Fig. 1 shows in a plan view of an embodiment of a spiral staircase 4 for a double-decker rail vehicle 1, as still with reference to the FIGS. 2a ) to c) is described in more detail.
- the spiral staircase 4 has a plurality of arranged in a spiral treads 5a, 5b, ..., 5i, of which a plurality, namely the treads 5a, 5b, ..., 5h formed and arranged by the Evoluten compiler.
- the treads 5a, 5b, 5g and 5h which adjoin the two parallel sides of the stair eye 9, formed trapezoidal and arranged so that the treads to the stair well 9 taper.
- the steps 5c, 5d, 5e and 5f which run towards the middle of the staircase on a circular arc-shaped portion of the stair eye 9, which connects the two parallel sections of the stair eye 9 are formed and arranged by the Evoluten compiler.
- the steps 5c, 5d, 5e and 5f are trapezoidal and taper towards the stair well 9 back.
- the stair eye 9 is elongate, here U-shaped, formed, wherein the base of the U is formed by a semicircle.
- the base of the U which connects the parallel sides of the stair eye 9, to which the steps 5a, 5b, 5g, 5h run, in another form, for example as in FIG Fig. 2b ) and c) instead of a circular arc with a straight line which is perpendicular to the two parallel sides of the stair eye 9.
- the step center line that is to say an imaginary straight line which runs through the respective middle points of the right and left step sides, runs at an angle to the transverse direction of the stair.
- the step is set in relation to the circular cross-section method more in relation to the staircase transverse direction, ie angled. Also, the treads rejuvenate after the evolute process towards the stair eye 9 towards stronger than treads after the circular cross-section process.
- the eight treads 5a, 5b,..., 5h closest to the apex 6 of the helix are formed and arranged according to the evolutive method, whereas the exit step 5i is designed and arranged separately, namely in such a way that the passenger moves in the direction of the center of the stairway and thus is directed towards the center of the passenger compartment, as otherwise the clear height in the area of the exit step would not be large enough in the upper floor with a retracted roof.
- the trained and arranged by the Evolutenvon treads 5a, 5b, ..., 5h have as said a trapezoidal shape, wherein the steps taper towards the stair well 9.
- the angle between the respective step front edge 7a, 7b,..., 7h and the respective step rear edge 8a, 8b,..., 8h lies in a range between 19 ° and 24 °.
- Another feature in the illustrated embodiment is the course of the line L, which is arranged at the entrance step 5a parallel to the center line M, defined as a straight line passing through the apex of the arch 6 and the center of the stair eye 9.
- the line L runs almost perpendicular to the center line M.
- the line L runs at an angle of about 30 ° to the center line M, whereby the staircase in Direction center line M and thus preferably in the direction of the vehicle center is performed.
- FIGS. 2a to c An installation example for a spiral staircase 4, as previously exemplified by Fig. 1 has been described, show the FIGS. 2a to c).
- the staircase 4 shown here corresponds essentially to the previously described staircase 4, but the outer boundary of the staircase 4 and the inner boundary of the staircase 4, so the stairwell, not in a curved line, but is formed by individual straight sections.
- the stairwell 9 is U-shaped, but here the base of the U is a straight line which is perpendicular to the two parallel extending in the vehicle direction portions of the stair eye.
- the staircase 4 is located at the head end 10 of a double-decker rail vehicle 1 and connects an upper floor 2 with a lower floor 3, which extends in a plane below the upper floor 2, the upper floor 2 and the lower floor 3 in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle 1.
- Fig. 2c shows the lower part of the staircase 4, the treads are also formed and arranged by the Evoluten compiler. In this case, the leading edge of the entrance step is arranged perpendicular to the center line of the staircase 4. As Fig. 2b ) is the upper part arranged the staircase so that the exit step to the vehicle center points out where the largest clear height of the upper floor 2 is present.
- Fig. 2c The third level from below is how Fig. 2c ), at the height of the front intermediate floor 11, which includes the cab, arranged, and can be entered from the staircase 4 through a door 12.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug, mit einem Oberstock, der sich in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs erstreckt, mit einem Unterstock, der sich in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs erstreckt, wobei der Unterstock in einer Ebene unterhalb des Oberstocks verläuft, und mit einer Treppe, die den Oberstock mit dem Unterstock verbindet, wobei die Treppe eine Wendeltreppe mit einer Vielzahl von in einer Wendelung angeordneten Trittstufen ist.The present invention relates to a double-decker rail vehicle having an upper floor extending in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle, with a lower floor extending in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle, the lower floor extending in a plane below the upper floor, and with a staircase, the connects the upper floor with the lower floor, the staircase is a spiral staircase with a variety of arranged in a spiral treads.
Üblicherweise sind in Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugen die den Oberstock mit dem Unterstock verbindenden Treppen an einem oder beiden Enden des Fahrgastabteils angeordnet, da die Treppen an dieser Stelle den Aufbau des Fahrgastabteils am wenigstens stören und hier auch zur Verbindung mit einem Zwischenstock genutzt werden können, der den Einstiegsbereich für die Fahrgäste oder den Durchgang zu einem benachbarten Waggon bildet. Aufgrund der endseitigen Anordnung sind die Treppen üblicherweise so ausgebildet und ausgerichtet, dass der Einstieg und der Austritt in Fahrtrichtung, das heißt in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung, erfolgt.Usually, in double-decker rail vehicles connecting the top floor with the lower floor stairs at one or both ends of the passenger compartment, since the stairs at this point disturb the construction of the passenger compartment least and can also be used here for connection to a mezzanine, the Entry area for the passengers or passage to a neighboring wagon forms. Due to the end-side arrangement, the stairs are usually designed and aligned so that the entry and exit in the direction of travel, that is, in the vehicle longitudinal direction occurs.
Bisher werden die besagten Treppen entweder als zweiläufig gegenläufige U-Treppe mit Zwischenpodest oder als einläufig halbgewendelte Treppe, üblicherweise in Form einer Spindeltreppe, also einer Wendeltreppe mit einer Spindel im Treppenauge, ausgeführt.So far, the said stairs are either as two-way counter-rotating U-stairs with intermediate platform or as a single-half-spiral staircase, usually in the form of a spiral staircase, so a spiral staircase with a spindle in the stairwell, executed.
Die konventionelle U-Treppe mit Zwischenpodest ist zwar in Querrichtung, also in Richtung quer zum Einstieg und Austritt, relativ schmal, allerdings in Längsrichtung relativ groß. Will man daher einen Raumgewinn in Längsrichtung erzielen, so wird in diesem Fall die konventionelle Spindeltreppe eingesetzt, die in Längsrichtung gerade mal eine Gesamtausdehnung in der Größe einer Stufenbreite zuzüglich des halben Spindeldurchmessers hat. Die Spindeltreppe ist dagegen in Querrichtung deutlich breiter als die konventionelle U-Treppe, was konstruktionsbedingt ist und an den Vorgaben für die Stufenbreite, die Stufenanzahl und das Auftrittsmaß in der Stufenmitte, die in Schienenfahrzeugen eingehalten werden müssen, liegt. Die genannten Vorgaben führen dazu, dass bei der Spindeltreppe in Querrichtung die Breite des Treppenauges bzw. der Spindel um ein Vielfaches größer als die Breite des Treppenauges im Falle der U-Treppe ist. Üblicherweise nimmt eine Spindeltreppe daher unter Berücksichtigung der heute geltenden Vorgaben an Stufenbreite, Stufenhöhe und Auftrittsmaß in Stufenmitte nahezu die gesamte Fahrzeugbreite ein.The conventional U-stairs with intermediate platform is indeed in the transverse direction, ie in the direction transverse to the entrance and exit, relatively narrow, but relatively long in the longitudinal direction. If you want to achieve a gain in space in the longitudinal direction, so in this case the conventional spiral staircase is used, which in the longitudinal direction has just a total extent in the size of a step width plus half the spindle diameter. The spiral staircase, however, is significantly wider in the transverse direction than the conventional U-stairs, which is due to the design and the specifications for the step width, the number of stages and the Auftrittsmaß in the middle stage, which must be met in rail vehicles. The above specifications lead to the fact that in the spiral staircase in the transverse direction, the width of the stair eye or the spindle is many times greater than the width of the stair eye in the case of the U-stairs. Usually takes a spiral staircase therefore taking into account the currently applicable requirements for step width, step height and Auftrittsmaß in step center almost the entire vehicle width.
Bei Triebwagen, auch Kopfwagen genannt, des doppelstöckigen Typs, ist oft zusätzlicher Platzbedarf, insbesondere im Kopfende des Schienenfahrzeugs, für die Antriebsaggregate vorzusehen, weshalb in diesem Teil des Schienenfahrzeugs besonders wenig Raum für die Anordnung einer Treppe zwischen Oberstock und Unterstock zur Verfügung steht. Dieses Problem wird im Stand der Technik beispielsweise durch die Anordnung einer einläufigen Treppe gelöst, die vom Unterstock in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung gerade in den Oberstock führt. Durch die einläufige Ausbildung der Treppe wird zwar in Querrichtung Raum gewonnen, jedoch geht im Oberstock wertvoller Platz für die Anordnung von Sitzen verloren.In railcars, also called head carriage, the double-decker type, often additional space, especially in the head of the rail vehicle to provide for the drive units, which is why in this part of the rail vehicle is particularly little space for the arrangement of a staircase between the upper floor and lower floor available. This problem is solved in the prior art, for example, by the arrangement of a single-flight staircase that leads straight from the lower floor in the vehicle longitudinal direction in the upper floor. By Although the single-flight design of the stairs is won in the transverse direction space, but valuable space for the arrangement of seats is lost in the upper floor.
Aus der Offenlegungsschrift
Problematisch ist bei einer Spindeltreppe mit dem zwangsläufig größeren Durchmesser neben dem reduzierten Raum für Antriebsaggregate außerdem, dass in Doppelstockwagen mit Begrenzungsprofil, beispielsweise nach UIC 505, einem Standard des Internationalen Eisenbahnverbands (UIC, Union Internationale des Chemins de fer) eine solche Spindeltreppe kaum noch untergebracht werden kann, da die lichte Höhe im Bereich der Austrittsstufe zum Oberstock wegen des eingezogenen Daches des Schienenfahrzeugs zu gering wäre, das heißt die äußere Kante der Treppendecke weit über die schräge Dachkontur des Wagens hinausragen müsste. Spindeltreppen der zuvor beschriebenen Art benötigen somit zwar einen geringen Bauraum in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung, der Raumbedarf in Querrichtung führt bei Anwendung des aktuellen Regelwerkes jedoch dazu, dass Spindeltreppen in Doppelstockwagen heutzutage zumindest als durchgängige Treppe zwischen Unterstock und Oberstock in der beschriebenen Weise kaun einsetzbar sind.The problem with a spiral staircase with the inevitably larger diameter next to the reduced space for drive units also that in double-decker cars with limiting profile, for example, according to UIC 505, a standard of the International Union of Railways (UIC, Union Internationale des Chemins de fer) such a spiral staircase can hardly be accommodated, since the clear height would be too low in the area of the exit step to the top floor because of the retracted roof of the rail vehicle, that is, the outer edge of the stair ceiling would have to protrude far beyond the sloping roof contour of the car. Although spiral staircases of the type described above thus require a small space in the vehicle longitudinal direction, the space requirement in the transverse direction leads when using the current set of rules, however, that spiral staircases in double-decker trolleys can be used in the described manner, at least as a continuous staircase between the lower floor and the upper floor.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass die Verbindung zwischen Oberstock und Unterstock des Schienenfahrzeugs möglichst platzsparend ausgebildet ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to develop a double-decker rail vehicle of the type mentioned in such a way that the connection between the upper floor and lower floor of the rail vehicle is designed to save space.
Die zuvor hergeleitete und aufgezeigte Aufgabe wird bei einem Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass mehrere Trittstufen nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildet und angeordnet sind.The previously derived and indicated object is achieved in a double-decker rail vehicle of the type mentioned above in that several treads are formed and arranged according to the Evolutenverfahren or circular cutting process.
Die nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildeten und angeordneten Trittstufen ermöglichen bei Einhaltung des TSI PRM-Regelwerks, insbesondere der Berücksichtigung eines Auftrittsmaßes von mindestens 270 mm, einen deutlichen Raumgewinn in Längsrichtung gegenüber der in Querrichtung ohnehin relativ schmalen konventionellen U-Treppe, aber auch einen Raumgewinn in Querrichtung gegenüber der in Längsrichtung ohnehin schmalen einläufig halbgewendelten Spindeltreppe. Mit anderen Worten nimmt die bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug vorgesehene Wendeltreppe weniger Raum als alle bisher bekannten Lösungen ein und schafft damit Platz für beispielsweise größere Antriebsaggregate und/oder weitere Sitzplätze.The trained and arranged by the Evolutenverfahren or circular cutting treads allow compliance with the TSI PRM rules, in particular the consideration of a Auftrittsmaßes of at least 270 mm, a significant gain in longitudinal direction compared to the transverse in anyway relatively narrow conventional U-stairs, but also a gain in space in the transverse direction opposite the longitudinally narrow anyway semi-spiraled spiral staircase. In other words, the spiral staircase provided in the double-decker rail vehicle according to the invention takes up less space than all previously known solutions and thus creates space for, for example, larger drive units and / or additional seats.
Beim Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren sind die einzelnen Trittstufen so ausgebildet, dass die vordere Stufenkante winkelig zur hinteren Stufenkante verläuft, wie dies grundsätzlich auch bei einer herkömmlichen Spindeltreppe der Fall ist. Jedoch gehen im Unterschied zur herkömmlichen Spindeltreppe die Stufen nicht von einem kreisförmigen Treppenauge bzw. einer kreisförmigen Treppenspindel aus, sondern von einem länglichen Treppenauge, welches wie die herkömmliche Spindeltreppe auch einen in Form eines Kreisausschnitts gebogenen Abschnitt aufweisen kann, an den sich aber im Unterschied zur herkömmlichen Spindeltreppe zueinander parallele Verlängerungen anschließen, so dass das Treppenauge und damit die Treppe im wesentlichen U-förmig ist. Dabei verlaufen bei den Trittstufen nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren die Vorderkante und die Hinterkante auch derjenigen Stufen winkelig zueinander, die an den geraden Teil des Treppenauges, also an die beiden parallelen Schenkel des U stoßen. Die Stufen an dem geraden Teil des Treppenauges sind also nicht, wie bei der konventionellen U-Treppe mit zueinander parallelen Vorder- und Hinterkanten versehen, sondern die Trittstufen haben auch in diesem Bereich bereits die sich zum Treppenauge hin verjüngende Form. Die Trittstufen sind damit im erfindungsgemäßen Fall schon im Einstieg und/oder im Austritt gegenüber der Querrichtung schräg angeordnet, so dass die Wendelung schon in diesem Bereich und nicht erst im Bereich des bogenförmigen Teils des Treppenauges beginnt, womit eine deutliche Raumersparnis einhergeht.When Evolutenverfahren or circular cutting process, the individual treads are designed so that the front step edge extends at an angle to the rear step edge, as is basically the case with a conventional spiral staircase. However, in contrast to the conventional spiral staircase, the steps do not start from a circular stairwell or a circular stair spindle, but from an elongated stairwell which, like the conventional spiral staircase, can also have a curved section in the form of a circular section, but in contrast to the latter connect conventional parallel spiral staircase parallel extensions, so that the stairwell and thus the stairs is substantially U-shaped. The leading edge and the trailing edge of the steps according to the evolute or circular cutting method are also at an angle to each other, which abuts the straight part of the stair eye, ie the two parallel legs of the U. The steps on the straight part of the stair eye are not, as in the conventional U-stairs with parallel front and rear edges provided, but the treads have in this area already tapering towards the stair eye shape. The treads are thus in the case of the invention already in the entry and / or exit arranged obliquely with respect to the transverse direction, so that the spiraling already begins in this area and not only in the region of the arcuate part of the stair eye, thus resulting in a significant space savings.
Dabei sind vorzugsweise die nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildeten und angeordneten Trittstufen in der Wendelung aufeinander folgend angeordnet, was eine einfache Konstruktion der Treppe nach dem genannten Verfahren ermöglicht. Grundsätzlich ist es aber auch denkbar, verschiedene Abschnitte der Wendeltreppe mit Trittstufen nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren und dazwischen nach anderen Verfahren ausgebildete Treppenstufen, die beispielsweise eine spiegelsymmetrische Form wie bei einer herkömmlichen Spindeltreppe haben, anzuordnen. Der größte Raumgewinn läßt sich in dem Fall erreichen, dass zumindest die drei oder vier dem Bogenscheitel der Wendelung am nächsten liegenden Trittstufen, vorzugsweise die sieben oder acht dem Bogenscheitel am nächsten liegenden Trittstufen, Teil der nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildeten und angeordneten Trittstufen sind.In this case, the treads designed and arranged according to the evolute method or circular cutting method are preferably arranged consecutively in the helix, which allows a simple construction of the staircase according to the said method. In principle, however, it is also conceivable to arrange different sections of the spiral staircase with steps according to the evolute method or circular cutting method and steps designed therebetween according to other methods, which for example have a mirror-symmetrical shape as in a conventional spiral staircase. The greatest gain in space can be achieved in the event that at least the three or four treads closest to the crest of the helix, preferably the seven or eight treads closest to the crest, are part of the treads formed and arranged by the evolute or circular cutting method.
Dabei ist es denkbar, dass im Bogenscheitel der Wendelung nur eine einzelne Trittstufe verläuft oder gemäß einer anderen Alternative zwei Trittstufen aneinander grenzen. Im ersten Fall kann dabei die Mittellinie der Treppe, definiert als eine Gerade, die durch den Bogenscheitel und die Mitte des Treppenauges bzw. der Treppenspindel verläuft, auch die Mittellinie der im Bogenscheitel angeordneten Trittstufe bilden. In dem Fall, dass im Bogenscheitel zwei Trittstufen aneinander grenzen, kann die Vorderkante der oberen der beiden Stufen auf der Mittellinie der Treppe liegen. Beide alternative Anordnungen führen zu einer weitestgehend symmetrischen Wendeltreppe, was die Konstruktion derselben weiter vereinfacht.It is conceivable that in the apex of the coil only a single tread runs or border two treads according to another alternative. In the first case, the center line of the staircase, defined as a straight line that runs through the apex of the arch and the center of the stairwell or the staircase spindle, can also form the center line of the tread arranged in the apex of the arch. In the case that two treads adjoin one another in the apex of the bow, the leading edge of the top of the two levels lying on the center line of the stairs. Both alternative arrangements lead to a largely symmetrical spiral staircase, which further simplifies the construction thereof.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs verläuft die Mittellinie der Treppe in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs. Auf diese Weise kann die Treppe endseitig im Schienenfahrzeug angeordnet werden, wobei der Einstieg in die Treppe und der Austritt aus der Treppe im wesentlichen in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung, also parallel zum durch das Fahrgastabteil führenden Gang, erfolgen kann.According to a further embodiment of the double-decker rail vehicle according to the invention, the center line of the staircase runs in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle. In this way, the stairs can be arranged end in the rail vehicle, the entry into the stairs and the exit from the stairs substantially in the vehicle longitudinal direction, ie parallel to the leading through the passenger compartment gear can be done.
Gemäß wiederum einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Eintrittsstufe und/oder die Austrittsstufe Teil der nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildeten und angeordneten Trittstufe. Ist auch die Eintrittstufe, also die unterste der Stufen, und/oder die Austrittsstufe, also die oberste aller Stufen, in der zuvor beschriebenen, platzsparenden Weise angeordnet und ausgebildet, so kann insgesamt der Platzbedarf der Treppe weiter reduziert werden.In accordance with yet another embodiment, the entry step and / or the exit step is part of the tread step designed and arranged according to the evolutive or circular cutting method. If the entry level, ie the lowest of the steps, and / or the exit step, that is, the uppermost of all steps, are also arranged and designed in the space-saving manner described above, overall the footprint of the staircase can be further reduced.
Da bei bestimmten Typen von Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugen, beispielsweise einem Doppelstockwagen mit Begrenzungsprofil nach UIC 505, im Oberstock ein eingezogenes Dach vorgesehen ist und daher die lichte Höhe von der Fahrzeugmitte zur Seitenwand hin abnimmt, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der obere Teil der Treppe so ausgebildet ist und so verläuft, dass die Austrittsstufe möglichst weit zur Fahrzeugmitte hin angeordnet ist. Um eine solche Anordnung zu erreichen, ist es denkbar, dass die Lauflinie, das heißt die Verbindungslinie zwischen der Mitte der Vorderkante und der Mitte der Hinterkante der jeweiligen Trittstufe, mindestens der obersten Trittstufe, insbesondere der obersten zwei Trittstufen, vorzugsweise der obersten drei Trittstufen, winkelig zur Mittellinie der Treppe verläuft. Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass die Lauflinie sich im oberen Teil der Treppe der Mittellinie der Treppe und damit ggf. auch der Fahrzeugmitte nähert, also auf die Mittellinie der Treppe bzw. Fahrzeugmitte zuläuft. Dabei liegt der Winkel zwischen der Lauflinie der jeweiligen Trittstufe und der Mittellinie der Treppe gemäß einer Ausgestaltung zwischen 10 und 30°, wodurch einerseits die geringst möglichen Abmessungen der Wendeltreppe erreicht werden und dennoch ein Austritt im Oberstock ermöglicht wird, der möglichst weit von der Seitenwand und damit dem eingezogenen Dach entfernt ist.Since certain types of double-decker rail vehicles, such as a double-decker with boundary profile to UIC 505, a retracted roof is provided in the top floor and therefore decreases the clear height of the vehicle center to the side wall, it is advantageous if the upper part of the stairs so formed is and runs so that the exit stage is arranged as far as possible to the vehicle center. In order to achieve such an arrangement, it is conceivable that the running line, that is the connecting line between the center of the leading edge and the center of the trailing edge of the respective tread, at least the upper tread, in particular the upper two treads, preferably the top three treads, extending at an angle to the center line of the stairs. In this way, it is achieved that the running line in the upper part of the staircase of the center line of the stairs and thus possibly also the center of the vehicle is approaching, ie on the center line of the stairs or vehicle center tapers. In this case, the angle between the line of the respective tread and the center line of the stairs according to an embodiment between 10 and 30 °, which on the one hand the smallest possible dimensions of the spiral staircase can be achieved and yet an exit in the top floor is possible, as far as possible from the side wall and so that the retracted roof is removed.
Hinsichtlich einer möglichst kleinen Dimensionierung der Wendeltreppe bei gleichzeitig möglichst großem Komfort für den Fahrgast ist es gemäß noch einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs bevorzugt, wenn der Winkel zwischen der vorderen Stufenkante und der hinteren Stufenkante der Trittstufen, die nach dem Evolutenverfahren oder Kreisschnittverfahren ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, zwischen 15 und 30°, insbesondere zwischen 18 und 25°, liegt. Auf diese Weise läßt sich ein besonders hoher Raumgewinn in Querrichtung und in Längsrichtung erzielen, ohne dass dadurch die Trittstufen ein zu kleines Auftrittsmaß in der Stufenmitte erhalten.With regard to the smallest possible dimensioning of the spiral staircase at the same time the greatest possible comfort for the passenger, it is preferred according to still another embodiment of the double-deck rail vehicle according to the invention, if the angle between the front step edge and the rear step edge of the treads formed by the Evolutenverfahren or circular cutting process and are arranged between 15 and 30 °, in particular between 18 and 25 °. In this way, a particularly high space gain in the transverse direction and in the longitudinal direction can be achieved, without thereby the treads get too small Auftrittsmaß in the middle of the stage.
Die zuvor beschriebene Treppe ist gemäß einer besonderen Ausgestaltung des Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs eine einläufig halbgewendelte Treppe, so dass der Fahrgast zwischen dem Einstieg in die Treppe und dem Austritt eine Wende von etwa 180° durchführt.The staircase described above is in accordance with a particular embodiment of the double-decker rail vehicle a einhalb half-spiral staircase, so that the passenger between the entry into the staircase and the outlet a turn of about 180 ° performs.
Wie bereits zuvor erwähnt, ist gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs das Treppenauge, welches auch ähnlich einer Spindel mit einem senkrechten Pfeiler versehen sein kann, der in der Treppenmitte vom Unterstock in den Oberstock verläuft, U-förmig ausgebildet sein. Dies bedeutet, dass das Treppenauge, von dem die Trittstufen strahlenförmig nach außen verlaufen, zwei parallele Seiten hat, die zum Scheitelpunkt der Wendelung hin miteinander verbunden sind. Die Verbindung zwischen den beiden parallelen Seiten kann in jeder denkbaren Form, insbesondere bogenförmig, realisiert sein.As already mentioned above, according to a further embodiment of the double-deck rail vehicle according to the invention, the stair well, which may also be similar to a spindle provided with a vertical pillar extending in the middle of the staircase from the lower floor in the upper floor, be U-shaped. This means that the stairwell, from which the treads radiate outwards, has two parallel sides which are interconnected to the apex of the helix. The connection between the two parallel sides can be realized in any conceivable form, in particular arcuate.
Schließlich ist das Schienenfahrzeug gemäß noch einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ein Triebwagen, wobei die Treppe insbesondere im Kopfende des Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet ist. Bei einem Triebwagen ist aufgrund der unterzubringenden Antriebsaggregate, insbesondere am Kopfende des Schienenfahrzeugs, wenig Raum für eine Treppe zwischen Oberstock und Unterstock, weshalb hier die zuvor beschriebene Wendeltreppe besonders sinnvoll ist.Finally, the rail vehicle according to yet another embodiment is a railcar, the stairs being arranged in particular in the head end of the rail vehicle. In a railcar is due to the drive units to be housed, especially at the head of the rail vehicle, little room for a staircase between the upper floor and lower floor, which is why the spiral staircase described above is particularly useful here.
Es gibt nun eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten, das erfindungsgemäße Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug auszugestalten und weiterzubilden. Hierzu sei einerseits verwiesen auf die dem Patentanspruch 1 nachgeordneten Patentansprüche, andererseits auf die Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung. In der Zeichnung zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Wendeltreppe für ein Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeug gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung, und
- Fig. 2a) bis c)
- verschiedene Ansichten eines Teils eines Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel einer solchen Wendeltreppe.
- Fig. 1
- a first embodiment of a spiral staircase for a double-decker rail vehicle according to the present invention, and
- Fig. 2a) to c)
- various views of a portion of a double-decker rail vehicle with a second embodiment of such a spiral staircase.
Die Wendeltreppe 4 weist eine Vielzahl von in einer Wendelung angeordneten Trittstufen 5a, 5b,..., 5i auf, von denen mehrere, nämlich die Trittstufen 5a, 5b,...,5h nach dem Evolutenverfahren ausgebildet und angeordnet sind.The
Nach dem Evolutenverfahren sind die Trittstufen 5a, 5b, 5g und 5h, die an die beiden parallelen Seiten des Treppenauges 9 angrenzen, trapezförmig ausgebildet und so angeordnet, dass sich die Trittstufen zum Treppenauge 9 hin verjüngen. Auch die Stufen 5c, 5d, 5e und 5f, die zur Treppenmitte hin auf einen kreisbogenförmigen Abschnitt des Treppenauges 9 zulaufen, der die beiden parallelen Abschnitte des Treppenauges 9 verbindet, sind nach dem Evolutenverfahren ausgebildet und angeordnet. Auch die Stufen 5c, 5d, 5e und 5f sind trapezförmig ausgebildet und verjüngen sich zum Treppenauge 9 hin.After the evolute method, the
Im Gegensatz zu einer herkömmlichen Spindeltreppe 4 ist das Treppenauge 9 länglich, hier U-förmig, ausgebildet, wobei die Basis des U von einem Halbkreis gebildet wird. Gleichermaßen wäre es aber auch denkbar, die Basis des U, die die parallelen Seiten des Treppenauges 9, auf die die Stufen 5a, 5b, 5g, 5h zulaufen, verbindet, in einer anderen Form auszugestalten, beispielsweise wie in
Im in
Bei dem in
Die nach dem Evolutenverfahren ausgebildeten und angeordneten Trittstufen 5a, 5b,...,5h weisen wie gesagt eine Trapezform auf, wobei sich die Stufen zum Treppenauge 9 hin verjüngen. Dabei liegt der Winkel zwischen der jeweiligen Stufenvorderkante 7a, 7b,...,7h und der jeweiligen Stufenhinterkante 8a, 8b,...,8h in einem Bereich zwischen 19° und 24°.The trained and arranged by the Evolutenverfahren treads 5a, 5b, ..., 5h have as said a trapezoidal shape, wherein the steps taper towards the
Eine weitere Besonderheit bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Verlauf der Lauflinie L, die bei der Antrittsstufe 5a parallel zur Mittellinie M, definiert als eine Gerade, die durch den Bogenscheitel 6 und die Mitte des Treppenauges 9 verläuft, angeordnet ist. Bei den Trittstufen 5d und 5e, die im Bogenscheitel 6 der Wendelung aneinandergrenzen, verläuft die Lauflinie L nahezu senkrecht zur Mittellinie M. Bei der Austrittsstufe 5i verläuft die Lauflinie L in einem Winkel von etwa 30° auf die Mittellinie M zu, wodurch der Treppenverlauf in Richtung Mittellinie M und damit vorzugsweise in Richtung Fahrzeugmitte geführt wird.Another feature in the illustrated embodiment is the course of the line L, which is arranged at the
Alternativ zu der dargestellten Anordnung, bei der die Trittstufen 5d und 5e im Bogenscheitel 6 aneinander grenzen, ist es auch denkbar, nur eine einzige Trittstufe im Bogenscheitel 6 anzuordnen, von der ausgehend die jeweils nach oben und nach unten verlaufenden Stufen konstruiert wären.As an alternative to the arrangement shown, in which the
Ein Einbaubeispiel für eine Wendeltreppe 4, wie sie zuvorbeispielhaft anhand von
Die Treppe 4 befindet sich am Kopfende 10 eines Doppelstock-Schienenfahrzeugs 1 und verbindet einen Oberstock 2 mit einem Unterstock 3, der in einer Ebene unterhalb des Oberstocks 2 verläuft, wobei der Oberstock 2 und der Unterstock 3 in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs 1 verlaufen.The
Die dritte Stufe von unten ist, wie
Claims (12)
- A double-deck rail vehicle (1),■ having an upper deck (2), which extends in driving direction (F) of the rail vehicle (1),■ having a lower deck (3), which extends in driving direction (F) of the rail vehicle (1), wherein the lower deck (3) runs in a plane below the upper deck (2), and■ having a staircase (4), which connects the upper deck (2) with the lower deck (3), wherein the staircase (4) is a circular staircase having a multiplicity of steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5i) arranged in a spiral,characterized in that a plurality of steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) is embodied and arranged according to the evolute method or circular section method.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) are arranged in the spiral one following the other.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the three or four steps (5c, 5d, 5e, 5f) located next to the arc apex (6) of the spiral, preferentially the seven or eight steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) located next to the arc apex (6) of the spiral, are part of the steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) embodied and arranged according to the evolute method or circular section method.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a single step runs in or two steps (5d, 5e) adjoin each other in the arc apex (6) of the spiral.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the centreline (M) of the staircase (4) runs in driving direction (F).
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first step (5a) and/or the last step (5i) is part of the steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) embodied and arranged according to the evolute method or circular section method.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the running line (L) of at least the uppermost step (5i), in particular of the uppermost two steps (5h, 5i), preferentially of the uppermost three steps (5g, 5h, 5i), runs angularly to the centreline (M) of the staircase (4).
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the angle between the running line (L) of the respective step (5g; 5h; 5i) and the centreline (M) of the staircase (4) is between 10 and 30°.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the angle between the front step edge (7a, 7b, ..., 7h) and the rear step edge (8a, 8b, ..., 8h) of the steps (5a, 5b, ..., 5h) is between 15 and 30°, in particular between 18 and 25°.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the staircase (4) is a single-run semi-spiral staircase.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the stairwell (9) is U-shaped.
- The double-deck rail vehicle (1) according to any one of the Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the rail vehicle (1) is a rail car, wherein the staircase (4) in particular is arranged in the head end (10) of the rail vehicle (1).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09716240T PL2247485T3 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-27 | Double-decker rail vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008012549A DE102008012549A1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2008-03-04 | Double-decker rail vehicle |
PCT/EP2009/052369 WO2009109528A1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-27 | Double-decker rail vehicle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2247485A1 EP2247485A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
EP2247485B1 true EP2247485B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
Family
ID=40637002
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP09716240A Active EP2247485B1 (en) | 2008-03-04 | 2009-02-27 | Double-decker rail vehicle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2247485B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008012549A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2247485T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009109528A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB291677A (en) * | 1927-11-14 | 1928-06-07 | Alfred Marsden Alcock | Improvement relating to double deck vehicle bodies |
BE906069A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1987-04-16 | Watteau Lucien Louis | Two-storey railway wagons - have small cars transported transversely, combined with passenger transport |
DE4314405A1 (en) * | 1993-05-03 | 1994-11-10 | Goerlitz Waggonbau Gmbh | Double decker tractive unit for conveying passengers in a local railway network |
DE19731120A1 (en) | 1997-07-19 | 1999-01-21 | Talbot Gmbh & Co Kg | Streamlined double-decker control car |
-
2008
- 2008-03-04 DE DE102008012549A patent/DE102008012549A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-02-27 PL PL09716240T patent/PL2247485T3/en unknown
- 2009-02-27 EP EP09716240A patent/EP2247485B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-27 WO PCT/EP2009/052369 patent/WO2009109528A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
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DE102008012549A1 (en) | 2009-09-10 |
EP2247485A1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
WO2009109528A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
PL2247485T3 (en) | 2013-02-28 |
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