EP2242949B1 - Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations and firing installation - Google Patents
Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations and firing installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2242949B1 EP2242949B1 EP09711622.2A EP09711622A EP2242949B1 EP 2242949 B1 EP2242949 B1 EP 2242949B1 EP 09711622 A EP09711622 A EP 09711622A EP 2242949 B1 EP2242949 B1 EP 2242949B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- fuel
- firing
- firing chamber
- feeder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/16—Over-feed arrangements
- F23K3/18—Spreader stokers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B40/00—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber
- F23B40/02—Combustion apparatus with driven means for feeding fuel into the combustion chamber the fuel being fed by scattering over the fuel-supporting surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for litter feed in furnaces according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim. 5
- the invention can be used in furnaces with blower throw litter.
- the solid, small-particle fuel is introduced into the furnace with the aid of the centrifugal wheel arranged in the throw feeder. By changing the speed of the blast wheel the throw distance can be adjusted.
- Corresponding plants are approximately from the DE 4217070 A1 where coal is applied to a horizontal grid by means of litter feeding.
- the throw feeder is mounted approximately vertically above the end of the grate in the end wall of the furnace.
- the arrangement of the throwing feeder over the end of the grate has the disadvantage that fresh fuel also impinges on the grate near the end of the grate and can no longer burn completely before being discharged. As a result, the maximum permissible residual carbon content of the ash may not be complied with.
- the GB 574,829 A shows a furnace in which a blast wheel is arranged in a lowered part of the firebox ceiling.
- a charging device for furnaces which has a centrifugal wheel with a vertical axis of rotation.
- the charging device is arranged outside the area of the firebox ceiling.
- the object of the present invention is to make the known solution more compact and to improve burnout. This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 5, respectively.
- the throw feeder is additionally arranged higher, at the same speed of the blower wheel, a greater throwing range can be achieved, or the speed of the thrower wheel can be reduced while the throwing distance remains the same.
- the impeller is arranged horizontally, so the axis of rotation of the impeller is vertical.
- the fuel is introduced from above in the region of the hub of the blast wheel in the housing of the throwing feeder and then with the help of the blades of the blast wheel horizontally outwards and - promoted through openings of the throw feeder - in the furnace.
- the axis of rotation of the blast wheel can also be tilted against the vertical.
- the invention provides that the upper part of the end wall of the firebox is offset by a lowered part of the firebox ceiling inwards into the firebox and the fuel is introduced at the upper end of the upper end wall.
- the firebox cover closes off the firebox at the top and has an opening for the flue gas to be exhausted.
- the burn-out zone is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, of the length of the grate.
- the method according to the invention can be used in particular for a feed grate. Unlike a traveling grate, where the grate itself moves in the conveying direction, e.g. the bars of rust in place and are only moved back and forth.
- a combustion plant according to the invention is specified in claim 5.
- This comprises at least one furnace, a grate arranged therein and a throw feeder with which fuel can be applied against the conveying direction of the grate on the grate.
- the firing plant is characterized in that the fuel can be introduced by means of the litter feeder directly under the firebox ceiling, in the conveying direction of the rust seen before the end of the grate, so that when operating the litter feeder at the grate between the litter feeder and the end of the grate a burn-out zone is formed can not be charged with fresh fuel.
- the burn-out zone is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, the length of the grate.
- the upper part of the end wall of the firebox is offset inwardly into the firebox by a lowered part of the firebox ceiling.
- an opening for introducing the fuel is provided at the upper end of the upper end wall.
- the figure shows schematically the combustion chamber 1 of a furnace in which a horizontal grate 2 is arranged, which promotes from left to right.
- This feed grate consists of individual elements with bars aligned in the conveying direction (in this example, the bars have a length of 500mm), with only every second element moved back and forth.
- the fuel 3 is fed from above a throw feeders 4 and conveyed by means of this in the combustion chamber 1.
- the throw feeder 4 has a horizontally arranged impeller, so the axis of rotation of the impeller is vertical.
- the fuel 3 is introduced from above in the region of the hub of the centrifugal wheel in the throw feeder 4 and then with the help of the blades of the centrifugal wheel horizontally outward and - promoted through openings of the throw feeder - in the furnace.
- the axis of rotation of the blast wheel can also be tilted against the vertical.
- the throw feeder 4 itself is arranged outside of the combustion chamber 1, the openings of the throwing feeder 4 open into an opening 6 of the combustion chamber 1, in such a way that the fuel can be deployed as close as possible below the furnace ceiling 5.
- the falling curves of the fuel delivered into the combustion chamber are represented by curves 7.
- the firebox ceiling 5 is lowered from the burn-up end of the firebox 1 to the opening 6 for the fuel, so that over this lowered part 5a of the firebox ceiling 5 the throw feeder 4 has room.
- the opening 6 of the firebox is.
- the lower end wall 13 of the combustion chamber 1 remains unchanged.
- the end wall 8, 13 of the combustion chamber 1 are arranged vertically in this example.
- the end wall 8, 13 could also be arranged obliquely in whole or in part, wherein the vertical component should predominate. As soon as the horizontal component predominates, ie the wall is inclined more than 45 ° to the vertical, this wall must already be assigned to the firebox ceiling 5.
- the firebox cover 5 closes the combustion chamber 1 at the top and has an opening for the withdrawal of the flue gas 9.
- a substantial part of the firebox ceiling is arranged horizontally in this example, this part here covers about half the length of the grate 5.
- the firebox ceiling can also have any other shape, which depends on the particular application, in particular depends on the fuel. In other applications, for example, the opening for the withdrawal of the flue gas 9 may be larger or smaller.
- the burn-out zone 10 Due to the fact that the opening 6 for the fuel from the throw feeder 4 is displaced into the furnace opposite to the conveying direction of the grate 5, the burn-out zone 10, into which no fresh fuel 7 can pass directly from the throw feeder 4, is formed on the grate 5.
- the burn-out zone 10 therefore extends at least from vertically below the opening 6, that is, the upper end wall 8, to the discharge-side end of the grate 5. In this embodiment, the burn-out zone is about one-sixth the length of the grate.
- the fresh fuel 7 from the throw feeder 4 can only impinge in the remaining area 11 of the grate 5.
- the combustion therefore begins in this region 11 and continues in the burn-out zone 10, until finally the ash 12 remaining at the end of the grate 5 is conveyed out of the combustion chamber 1 without afterburning.
- a traveling grate can also be used a traveling grate.
- the rust does not have to be horizontal, but it can also be arranged slightly inclined, inclined by about 7 ° to the horizontal.
- the grate can also be designed in stages.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Wurfbeschickung bei Feuerungsanlagen gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1 und eine Feuerungsanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 5.The invention relates to a method for litter feed in furnaces according to the preamble of claim 1 and a furnace for carrying out the method according to the preamble of claim. 5
Die Erfindung kann bei Feuerungsanlagen mit Schleuderrad-Wurfbeschickung eingesetzt werden. Der feste, kleinteilige Brennstoff wird dabei mit Hilfe des im Wurfbeschicker angeordneten Schleuderrades in den Feuerraum eingebracht. Durch Änderung der Drehzahl des Schleuderrades kann die Wurfweite eingestellt werden.The invention can be used in furnaces with blower throw litter. The solid, small-particle fuel is introduced into the furnace with the aid of the centrifugal wheel arranged in the throw feeder. By changing the speed of the blast wheel the throw distance can be adjusted.
Entsprechende Anlagen sind etwa aus der
Die Anordnung des Wurfbeschickers über dem Ender des Rosts hat den Nachteil, dass frischer Brennstoff auch nahe dem Ende des Rosts auf dem Rost auftrifft und vor dem Austragen nicht mehr vollständig verbrennen kann. Dadurch kann der maximal zulässige Restkohlenstoffgehalt der Asche möglicherweise nicht eingehalten werden.The arrangement of the throwing feeder over the end of the grate has the disadvantage that fresh fuel also impinges on the grate near the end of the grate and can no longer burn completely before being discharged. As a result, the maximum permissible residual carbon content of the ash may not be complied with.
Außerdem ist für eine Wurfweite bis zum gegenüberliegenden Anfang des Rosts eine hohe Drehzahl des Wurfbeschickers notwendig.In addition, a high speed of the throwing feeder is necessary for a throw to the opposite beginning of the grate.
Die
Dadurch, dass der Wurfbeschicker vom Ende des Rosts in Wurfrichtung versetzt wird, kann in den letzten Bereich des Rosts vor dem Austrag kein frischer Brennstoff mehr gelangen, sondern es wird nur der bereits in Verbrennung befindliche Brennstoff fertig verbrannt. Dadurch wird eine vollständigere Verbrennung des Brennstoffes erzielt, was eine Senkung des Restkohlenstoffgehaltes der Asche bedingt.Due to the fact that the throw feeder is offset from the end of the grate in the direction of throwing, no fresh fuel can reach the last area of the grate before discharge, but only the fuel already in combustion is burned ready. As a result, a more complete combustion of the fuel is achieved, which causes a reduction in the residual carbon content of the ash.
Dadurch, dass der Wurfbeschicker zusätzlich höher angeordnet wird, kann bei gleicher Drehzahl des Schleuderrads eine größere Wurfweite erzielt werden bzw. bei gleichbleibender Wurfweite die Drehzahl des Schleuderrades verringert werden.Due to the fact that the throw feeder is additionally arranged higher, at the same speed of the blower wheel, a greater throwing range can be achieved, or the speed of the thrower wheel can be reduced while the throwing distance remains the same.
Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei das Schleuderrad waagrecht angeordnet, also die Drehachse des Schleuderrads steht senkrecht. Der Brennstoff wird von oben im Bereich der Nabe des Schleuderrades in das Gehäuse des Wurfbeschickers eingebracht und dann mit Hilfe der Flügel des Schleuderrades waagrecht nach außen und - durch Öffnungen des Wurfbeschickers - in den Feuerraum gefördert. Selbstverständlich kann die Drehachse des Schleuderrads auch gegen die Senkrechte gekippt sein.According to the invention, the impeller is arranged horizontally, so the axis of rotation of the impeller is vertical. The fuel is introduced from above in the region of the hub of the blast wheel in the housing of the throwing feeder and then with the help of the blades of the blast wheel horizontally outwards and - promoted through openings of the throw feeder - in the furnace. Of course, the axis of rotation of the blast wheel can also be tilted against the vertical.
Insbesondere sieht die Erfindung vor, dass der obere Teil der Stirnwand des Feuerraums durch einen abgesenkten Teil der Feuerraumdecke nach innen in den Feuerraum versetzt ist und der Brennstoff am oberen Ende der oberen Stirnwand eingebracht wird.In particular, the invention provides that the upper part of the end wall of the firebox is offset by a lowered part of the firebox ceiling inwards into the firebox and the fuel is introduced at the upper end of the upper end wall.
Die Feuerraumdecke schließt den Feuerraum an der Oberseite ab und weist eine Öffnung für den Abzug des Rauchgases auf.The firebox cover closes off the firebox at the top and has an opening for the flue gas to be exhausted.
Um einen besonders niedrigen Restkohlenstoffgehalt der Asche zu erreichen, kann vorgesehen werden, dass die Ausbrandzone zwischen 15 und 40%, insbesondere zwischen 20 und 40%, der Länge des Rostes beträgt.In order to achieve a particularly low residual carbon content of the ash, it can be provided that the burn-out zone is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, of the length of the grate.
Aufgrund der fast oder ganz vollständigen Verbrennung am Rost gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann auf eine Nachverbrennung in einer nachgeschalteten Einrichtung verzichtet werden. Entsprechend kann daher vorgesehen sein, dass die Verbrennungsrückstände am Ende des Rostes aus dem Feuerraum abgezogen werden.Due to the almost or complete combustion at the grate according to the method according to the invention can be dispensed with afterburning in a downstream device. Accordingly, it can therefore be provided that the combustion residues are withdrawn from the furnace at the end of the grate.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann insbesondere bei einem Vorschubrost zur Anwendung kommen. Anders als bei einem Wanderrost, wo sich der Rost selbst in Förderrichtung bewegt, bleiben z.B. die Stäbe des Rosts am Platz und werden nur hin- und herbewegt.The method according to the invention can be used in particular for a feed grate. Unlike a traveling grate, where the grate itself moves in the conveying direction, e.g. the bars of rust in place and are only moved back and forth.
Eine dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren entsprechende Feuerungsanlage ist in Anspruch 5 angeführt. Diese umfasst zumindest einen Feuerraum, einen darin angeordneten Rost sowie einen Wurfbeschicker, mit welchem Brennstoff entgegen der Förderrichtung des Rosts auf den Rost aufgebracht werden kann. Die Feuerungsanlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennstoff mittels des Wurfbeschickers unmittelbar unter der Feuerraumdecke eingebracht werden kann, und zwar in Förderrichtung des Rosts gesehen vor Ende des Rosts, sodass bei Betrieb des Wurfbeschickers am Rost zwischen Wurfbeschicker und Ende des Rostes eine Ausbrandzone entsteht, die nicht mit frischem Brennstoff beaufschlagt werden kann.A combustion plant according to the invention is specified in
Bei der Feuerungsanlage kann entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgesehen sein, dass die Ausbrandzone zwischen 15 und 40%, insbesondere zwischen 20 und 40%, der Länge des Rostes beträgt.In the firing plant can be provided according to the inventive method that the burn-out zone is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, the length of the grate.
Ebenso, dass am Ende des Rostes ein Austrag vorgesehen ist, mit welchem die Verbrennungsrückstände aus dem Feuerraum abgezogen werden können, und/oder dass der Rost ein Vorschubrost ist. Erfindungsgemäß ist der obere Teil der Stirnwand des Feuerraums durch einen abgesenkten Teil der Feuerraumdecke nach innen in den Feuerraum versetzt ist. Dabei ist am oberen Ende der oberen Stirnwand eine Öffnung zum Einbringen des Brennstoffs vorgesehen ist.Likewise, that at the end of the grate a discharge is provided, with which the combustion residues can be withdrawn from the furnace, and / or that the grate is a feed grate. According to the invention, the upper part of the end wall of the firebox is offset inwardly into the firebox by a lowered part of the firebox ceiling. In this case, an opening for introducing the fuel is provided at the upper end of the upper end wall.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Figur dargestellt und wird im Folgenden erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the figure and will be explained below.
Die Figur zeigt schematisch den Feuerraum 1 einer Feuerungsanlage, in der waagrecht ein Rost 2 angeordnet ist, welcher von links nach rechts fördert. Dieser Vorschubrost besteht aus einzelnen Elementen mit in Förderrichtung ausgerichteten Stäben (in diesem Beispiel haben die Stäbe eine Länge von 500mm), wobei nur jedes zweite Element hin und her bewegt wird. Der Brennstoff 3 wird von oben einem Wurfbeschicker 4 zugeführt und mittels diesem in den Feuerraum 1 gefördert.The figure shows schematically the combustion chamber 1 of a furnace in which a horizontal grate 2 is arranged, which promotes from left to right. This feed grate consists of individual elements with bars aligned in the conveying direction (in this example, the bars have a length of 500mm), with only every second element moved back and forth. The fuel 3 is fed from above a throw feeders 4 and conveyed by means of this in the combustion chamber 1.
Der Wurfbeschicker 4 weist ein waagrecht angeordnetes Schleuderrad auf, also die Drehachse des Schleuderrads steht senkrecht. Der Brennstoff 3 wird von oben im Bereich der Nabe des Schleuderrades in den Wurfbeschicker 4 eingebracht und dann mit Hilfe der Flügel des Schleuderrades waagrecht nach außen und - durch Öffnungen des Wurfbeschickers - in den Feuerraum gefördert. Wie bereits vorher erwähnt kann die Drehachse des Schleuderrads auch gegen die Senkrechte gekippt sein.The throw feeder 4 has a horizontally arranged impeller, so the axis of rotation of the impeller is vertical. The fuel 3 is introduced from above in the region of the hub of the centrifugal wheel in the throw feeder 4 and then with the help of the blades of the centrifugal wheel horizontally outward and - promoted through openings of the throw feeder - in the furnace. As already mentioned before, the axis of rotation of the blast wheel can also be tilted against the vertical.
Der Wurfbeschicker 4 selbst ist dabei außerhalb des Feuerraums 1 angeordnet, die Öffnungen des Wurfbeschickers 4 münden in eine Öffnung 6 des Feuerraums 1, und zwar so, dass der Brennstoff so knapp wie möglich unterhalb der Feuerraumdecke 5 ausgebracht werden kann. Die Fallkurven des in den Feuerraum geförderten Brennstoffes sind durch Kurven 7 dargestellt. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Feuerraumdecke 5 vom ausbrandseiten Ende des Feuerraums 1 her bis zur Öffnung 6 für den Brennstoff abgesenkt, sodass über diesem abgesenkten Teil 5a der Feuerraumdecke 5 der Wurfbeschicker 4 Platz hat. In der durch die Absenkung zu bildenden oberen Stirnwand 8 ist die Öffnung 6 des Feuerraums. Die untere Stirnwand 13 des Feuerraums 1 bleibt unverändert. Dabei sind in diesem Beispiel die Stirnwand 8, 13 des Feuerraums 1 senkrecht angeordnet. Die Stirnwand 8, 13 könnte aber auch ganz oder teilweise schräg angeordnet sein, wobei die senkrechte Komponente überwiegen sollte. Sobald die waagrechte Komponente überwiegt, also die Wand mehr als 45° gegen die Senkrechte geneigt ist, muss man diese Wand bereits der Feuerraumdecke 5 zuordnen.The throw feeder 4 itself is arranged outside of the combustion chamber 1, the openings of the throwing feeder 4 open into an opening 6 of the combustion chamber 1, in such a way that the fuel can be deployed as close as possible below the
Die Feuerraumdecke 5 schließt den Feuerraum 1 an der Oberseite ab und weist eine Öffnung für den Abzug des Rauchgases 9 auf. Ein wesentlicher Teil der Feuerraumdecke ist in diesem Beispiel waagrecht angeordnet, dieser Teil umfasst hier etwa die halbe Länge des Rosts 5. Natürlich kann die Feuerraumdecke auch eine beliebige andere Form haben, die von der jeweiligen Anwendung, insbesondere vom Brennstoff, abhängt. Bei anderen Anwendungen kann etwa die Öffnung für den Abzug des Rauchgases 9 größer oder kleiner sein.The
Dadurch, dass die Öffnung 6 für den Brennstoff aus dem Wurfbeschicker 4 entgegen der Förderrichtung des Rosts 5 in den Feuerraum hineinversetzt wird, entsteht auf dem Rost 5 die Ausbrandzone 10, in welche direkt aus dem Wurfbeschicker 4 kein frischer Brennstoff 7 gelangen kann. Die Ausbrandzone 10 reicht daher zumindest von senkrecht unterhalb der Öffnung 6, also der oberen Stirnwand 8, bis zum austragseitigen Ende des Rosts 5. Die Ausbrandzone beträgt bei dieser Ausführung etwa ein Sechstel der Länge des Rostes.Due to the fact that the opening 6 for the fuel from the throw feeder 4 is displaced into the furnace opposite to the conveying direction of the
Der frische Brennstoff 7 aus dem Wurfbeschicker 4 kann nur im übrigen Bereich 11 des Rosts 5 auftreffen. Die Verbrennung beginnt also in diesem Bereich 11 und setzt sich in der Ausbrandzone 10 fort, bis schließlich die am Ende des Rosts 5 übrig bleibende Asche 12 ohne Nachverbrennung aus dem Feuerraum 1 gefördert wird.The
Statt einem Vorschubrost kann auch ein Wanderrost verwendet werden. Auch muss der Rost nicht waagrecht, sondern er kann auch leicht geneigt angeordnet sein, etwa um bis zu 7° gegen die Horizontale geneigt. Neben der hier beispielhaft gezeigten Ausführung kann der Rost auch in Stufen ausgeführt sein.Instead of a feed grate can also be used a traveling grate. Also, the rust does not have to be horizontal, but it can also be arranged slightly inclined, inclined by about 7 ° to the horizontal. In addition to the embodiment shown here by way of example, the grate can also be designed in stages.
- 11
- Feuerraumfirebox
- 22
- Rostrust
- 33
- Zugeführter BrennstoffDelivered fuel
- 44
- Wurfbeschickerthrow feeder
- 55
- FeuerraumdeckeCombustion chamber cover
- 5a5a
-
abgesenkter Teil der Feuerraumdecke 5lowered part of the
firebox ceiling 5 - 66
- Öffnung des Feuerraums für BrennstoffOpening of the firebox for fuel
- 77
- in den Feuerraum geförderter BrennstoffFuel pumped into the firebox
- 88th
- obere Stirnwand des Feuerraumsupper end wall of the firebox
- 99
- Rauchgasflue gas
- 1010
- Ausbrandzoneburnout
- 1111
- Mit Brennstoff beaufschlagter BereichFueled area
- 1212
- Ascheash
- 1313
- untere Stirnwand des Feuerraumslower end wall of the firebox
Claims (8)
- Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations, in which fuel (3, 7) is applied by means of a throw feeder (4) to a grate (2) arranged in the firing chamber (1), wherein the throwing direction is directed in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the grate (2), and wherein the upper part of an end wall of the firing chamber (1) is offset inwards into the firing chamber (1) by a lowered part (5a) of the firing chamber ceiling (5), so that the fuel (3, 7) is introduced before the end of the grate (2) as viewed in the conveying direction of the grate (2), so that a burnout zone (10), which does not have fresh fuel (3, 7) applied thereto, is formed on the grate (2) between the throw feeder (4) and the end of the grate (2), characterised in that the fuel (3, 7) is introduced directly below the firing chamber ceiling (5) at the upper end of the upper end wall (8) via a throw feeder (4) with a centrifugal wheel having an at least approximately vertical axis of rotation.
- Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the burnout zone (10) is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, of the length of the grate (2).
- Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the combustion residues (12) are drawn off from the firing chamber (1) at the end of the grate (2).
- Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the grate (2) is a feed grate.
- Firing installation for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 4, comprising at least one firing chamber (1) with a grate (2) arranged therein and a throw feeder (4), with which fuel (3, 7) can be applied to the grate (2) against the conveying direction thereof, namely before the end of the grate (2) as seen in the conveying direction of the grate (2), so that during operation of the throw feeder (4) on the grate (2) between the throw feeder (4) and the end of the grate (2) a burnout zone (10) is formed which cannot be supplied with fresh fuel (3, 7), wherein the upper part of an end wall (8) of the firing chamber (1) is offset inwards into the firing chamber (1) by a lowered part (5a) of the firing chamber ceiling (5), and an opening (6) for introducing the fuel (3, 7) is provided at the upper end of the upper end wall (8), characterised in that the throw feeder (4) has a centrifugal wheel with an at least approximately vertical axis of rotation, wherein the throw feeder is arranged in such a way that the fuel is introduced directly below the firing chamber ceiling (5) by means of the throw feeder.
- Firing installation according to claim 5, characterised in that the burnout zone (10) is between 15 and 40%, in particular between 20 and 40%, of the length of the grate (2).
- Firing installation according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterised in that a discharge is provided at the end of the grate (2) with which the combustion residues (12) can be drawn off from the firing chamber (1).
- Firing installation according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the grate (2) is a feed grate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008010235A DE102008010235B4 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2008-02-21 | Process for litter feeding in furnaces and firing plant |
PCT/EP2009/051623 WO2009103655A2 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2009-02-12 | Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations and firing installation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2242949A2 EP2242949A2 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
EP2242949B1 true EP2242949B1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
Family
ID=40952804
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09711622.2A Active EP2242949B1 (en) | 2008-02-21 | 2009-02-12 | Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations and firing installation |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100323310A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2242949B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101946125B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2716179A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008010235B4 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009103655A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9835326B2 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2017-12-05 | Valvexport, Inc. | Automated biomass distribution system |
US10125985B2 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2018-11-13 | Valvexport, Inc. | Automated biomass distribution system |
CN106382637A (en) * | 2016-11-19 | 2017-02-08 | 无锡大功机械制造有限公司 | Feed device of garbage incinerator |
US20180238543A1 (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-23 | Kappes, Cassiday & Associates | Sand bed downdraft furnace and activated carbon scrubber |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE686716C (en) * | 1937-11-19 | 1940-01-15 | Alois Kulis | Loading device for furnaces |
GB574829A (en) * | 1944-02-18 | 1946-01-22 | Danks Of Netherton Ltd | Improvements in grates for the furnaces of boilers and the like |
JPS6199019A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-17 | Asahi Boiraa Kogyo Kk | Solid fuel diffusing and charging device |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2511935A (en) * | 1950-06-20 | Traveling grate stoker including | ||
US2110452A (en) * | 1936-05-19 | 1938-03-08 | Riley Stoker Corp | Furnace |
AT155349B (en) * | 1937-08-24 | 1938-12-27 | Ungarische Radiatoren Fabriks | Mechanical combustion equipment. |
GB523265A (en) * | 1938-12-29 | 1940-07-10 | Ungarische Radiatoren Fabriks | Improvements in and relating to charging devices for mechanical furnaces comprising a throwing shovel |
US2493960A (en) * | 1945-12-11 | 1950-01-10 | Charles S Gladden | Method and apparatus for burning fine solids |
US2615406A (en) * | 1949-11-12 | 1952-10-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Traveling grate stoker |
US2654331A (en) * | 1950-05-26 | 1953-10-06 | Detroit Stoker Co | Stoker apparatus |
US2794406A (en) * | 1952-09-24 | 1957-06-04 | Detroit Stoker Co | Stoker apparatus |
US3311090A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1967-03-28 | Tennessee River Pulp & Paper C | Boiler apparatus for complete combustion of fuel |
JPS577226A (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1982-01-14 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Apparatus for decomposing malodorant gas and recovering waste heat |
US4362269A (en) * | 1981-03-12 | 1982-12-07 | Measurex Corporation | Control system for a boiler and method therefor |
JPS5960104A (en) * | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Combustion furnace for coal |
US4528917A (en) * | 1983-07-05 | 1985-07-16 | Northwest Iron Fireman, Inc. | Solid fuel burner |
US4485747A (en) * | 1983-07-15 | 1984-12-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Environmental Protection Agency | Reducing pollutant emissions by fines removal |
US4592289A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1986-06-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The Environmental Protection Agency | Reducing pollutant emissions from a spreader-stoker-fired furnace by stoichiometric control |
FR2563320B1 (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1989-03-24 | Stein Industrie | BOILER FOR THE COMBUSTION OF Lean COAL |
JPH0639963B2 (en) * | 1991-05-22 | 1994-05-25 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Combustion chambers such as boilers and co-firing method of coal and rubber pieces |
AT412500B (en) * | 2002-10-29 | 2005-03-25 | Wilde Andreas Ing | PROCESS FOR BURNING SMALL FUEL |
US7017500B2 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2006-03-28 | International Paper Company | Monitoring of fuel on a grate fired boiler |
AT502343B1 (en) * | 2005-08-24 | 2007-12-15 | Eisenzopf Georg | HEATING BOILERS FOR GRAINED FUELS |
CN2864390Y (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-01-31 | 朴熙英 | Multifunctional boiler combustion-supporting |
-
2008
- 2008-02-21 DE DE102008010235A patent/DE102008010235B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-02-12 US US12/866,263 patent/US20100323310A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-12 CA CA2716179A patent/CA2716179A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-02-12 CN CN2009801058702A patent/CN101946125B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-12 WO PCT/EP2009/051623 patent/WO2009103655A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-02-12 EP EP09711622.2A patent/EP2242949B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE686716C (en) * | 1937-11-19 | 1940-01-15 | Alois Kulis | Loading device for furnaces |
GB574829A (en) * | 1944-02-18 | 1946-01-22 | Danks Of Netherton Ltd | Improvements in grates for the furnaces of boilers and the like |
JPS6199019A (en) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-17 | Asahi Boiraa Kogyo Kk | Solid fuel diffusing and charging device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102008010235B4 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
WO2009103655A2 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
CN101946125B (en) | 2012-12-05 |
US20100323310A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
CN101946125A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
DE102008010235A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
EP2242949A2 (en) | 2010-10-27 |
CA2716179A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
WO2009103655A3 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2242949B1 (en) | Method for mechanical stoking in firing installations and firing installation | |
DE3716088A1 (en) | METHOD FOR BURNING IN PARTICULAR MUELL | |
AT506411B1 (en) | RUST FOR SOLID FUELS | |
EP2500650B1 (en) | Method for regulating a heating device | |
DE4138656C2 (en) | Incinerator | |
EP2347183B1 (en) | Process and device for the extraction of combustion products from a combustion apparatus | |
EP0952396B1 (en) | Device for burning particulate combustible material | |
EP1001218B1 (en) | Water-cooled combustion grate, as well as process for incinerating wastes on it | |
DE4211839C2 (en) | Method and device for controlling the combustion of solid fuels in an incinerator | |
AT397551B (en) | INCINERATOR | |
EP2088375A1 (en) | Cheminee fire place | |
DE102005047573A1 (en) | Automatic wood chip burner for central heating boiler has dividing wall between secondary and tertiary combustion chambers | |
EP2620706A2 (en) | Steam generation plant with afterburner chamber | |
EP2746661B1 (en) | Combustion facility | |
AT509471B1 (en) | OVEN, WHICH HAS A COMBUSTION ROOM AND A FERROUS ASCHERAUM | |
DE3109916C2 (en) | Device for burning logs | |
DE2011728A1 (en) | Process and rotary kiln for burning garbage | |
DE932321C (en) | Traveling grate firing with throwing shovel charging | |
DE102014109855A1 (en) | oven device | |
DE102014109857A1 (en) | oven device | |
DE19817119A1 (en) | Method and device for the complete combustion of particulate, ash-containing fuels | |
DE1277502B (en) | Firing for burning solid waste fuels, especially garbage | |
DE69712112T2 (en) | SOLID FUEL FIRED BOILER SYSTEM AND FIREPLACE AND FUME GAS SYSTEM FOR USE IN SUCH A SYSTEM | |
CH382901A (en) | Firing system for inferior, crumbly fuels that disintegrate during combustion, such as peat grits, rice bran, dried sewage sludge and the like | |
DE1239797B (en) | Garbage incinerator with baffle and baffle plate |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20100706 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WEISS, WILLIBALD Inventor name: MADLSPERGER, WOLFGANG Inventor name: BAUMANN, DIETMAR |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: CHRISTOF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT GMBH |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20151120 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: CHRISTOF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT GMBH |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180720 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1065262 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20181115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502009015453 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: ISLER AND PEDRAZZINI AG, CH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MP Effective date: 20181114 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190214 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190314 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190214 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190215 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190314 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502009015453 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20190815 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190212 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20190228 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190212 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190228 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20090212 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: PC Ref document number: 1065262 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Owner name: CHRISTOF GLOBAL IMPACT LTD., GB Effective date: 20211005 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 732E Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20211104 AND 20211110 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 502009015453 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: CHRISTOF GLOBAL IMPACT LTD., GB Free format text: FORMER OWNER: CHRISTOF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT GMBH, WIEN, AT |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20220218 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181114 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230228 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230228 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20240229 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240228 Year of fee payment: 16 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240220 Year of fee payment: 16 |