EP2235378B1 - A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan - Google Patents

A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2235378B1
EP2235378B1 EP08862665A EP08862665A EP2235378B1 EP 2235378 B1 EP2235378 B1 EP 2235378B1 EP 08862665 A EP08862665 A EP 08862665A EP 08862665 A EP08862665 A EP 08862665A EP 2235378 B1 EP2235378 B1 EP 2235378B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
flow
fluid
ducts
section
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP08862665A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2235378A1 (en
Inventor
Antonio Ranalli
Rosalino Usci
Michele Marcantoni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LN 2 Srl a socio unico
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LN 2 Srl a socio unico
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Priority to PL08862665T priority Critical patent/PL2235378T3/en
Publication of EP2235378A1 publication Critical patent/EP2235378A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2235378B1 publication Critical patent/EP2235378B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F04D29/4253—Fan casings with axial entry and discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F04D17/165—Axial entry and discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/426—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/448—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fluid-mechanical machine having the characteristics set out in the preamble to main Claim 1.
  • a fluid-mechanical machine having the features outlined above is known from US 3289695 (closest prior art).
  • FR-A-2422053 and DE-A-3842826 are also prior art to the present invention.
  • Fluid-mechanical machines of the type indicated are typically provided with a bladed rotor which is supported rotatably in a manifold in which an inlet section and an output section are defined for the operative fluid processed by the machine. Compressors, fans and pumps are given as examples of operative machines. These fluid-mechanical machines are distinguished by fluid intake and delivery sections that are far apart and in general are arranged in the region of the rotation axis of the rotor and in a radial position remote from the axis, respectively, according to whether they are operative or power machines.
  • a principal object of the invention is to provide a fluid-mechanical machine which is devised structurally and functionally to achieve an improvement in functional capacity in terms of efficiency in the processing of the operative fluid output from or entering the machine, prior to the supply of the flow to other operative stages that are provided for downstream of the fluid-mechanical machine in specific applications.
  • an example of a fluid-mechanical machine according to the invention is constructed as an operative machine and is designed, in particular, as a centrifugal fan arranged for processing an aeriform fluid.
  • a typical application may be that of a centrifugal fan for the pre-mixing of an air-gas mixture to be supplied to a gas burner which is arranged downstream of the fan with respect to the direction of the flow.
  • the fan comprises a bladed rotor 2 with a rotor-housing manifold 3 in which an intake section 4 and a delivery section 5 of the fan are formed.
  • the rotor 2 can be rotated about a rotation axis X by a drive means (not shown), for example, an electric motor onto the drive shaft of which the rotor is keyed.
  • a drive means for example, an electric motor onto the drive shaft of which the rotor is keyed.
  • the intake section 4 is provided in the region of the axis X and comprises an opening 4a coaxial with the axis X.
  • the delivery section 5, is defined in the region of a circumferential profile located downstream of the outside diameter of the rotor and can be approximated to a cylindrical lateral surface the circular base of which is defined by the above-mentioned circumferential profile.
  • the fan unit contains first diverter means, indicated 10, for diverting the fluid that is delivered through the delivery section 5 of the fan and second, separate and distinct diverter means, indicated 11, for diverting the flow of operative fluid drawn in from outside the fan towards the intake section 4.
  • the diverter means 10, 11 are selected to have an extent and shape such that the flow at the delivery section 5 of the fan crosses the flow of fluid directed towards the intake section 4, as shown schematically in Figure 3 , in which the flows are directed separately and distinctly from one another by the first and second diverter means.
  • the first diverter means 10 comprise a respective plurality of ducts, all indicated 12, which extend in the region of the delivery section 5 of the fan, beyond the outside diameter of the rotor 2, to connect the delivery section with the area outside the fan.
  • each duct 12 is distributed circumferentially, downstream of the delivery section 5, at preselected angular intervals, in particular at regular angular intervals. Moreover, each duct 12 has, at one of its ends with respect to the direction of the flow, an inlet opening 12a for the fluid (supplied by the delivery section of the fan) in which the flow has a predominant radial component, and an output opening 12b at the opposite end, in which the flow has a predominant axial component.
  • the second diverter means 11 in turn comprise a respective plurality of ducts, all indicated 13, which are positioned alternately with the ducts 12 so that, in the region M in which the flows cross, a duct 13 is interposed between a pair of adjacent ducts 12.
  • each duct 13 has an inlet opening 13a which is open to the area outside the fan for the admission of the fluid thereto, and an opposed outlet opening 13b communicating with a chamber 15 which in turn is connected to the intake section 4 of the fan.
  • Stator blades, indicated 20, are also formed in the chamber 15 for suitably diverting the flow of the operative fluid towards the intake section 4; optionally, the stator blades 20 can impart to the flow a pre-rotation component which is produced by the curved profiles of the stator blades.
  • the ducts 13 are also preferably distributed along a circumferential profile which is concentric with the rotor axis and is located downstream of the delivery section 5. Moreover, a distribution of ducts at regular angular intervals is preferred.
  • the inlet opening 13a of each duct is such as to impart a predominant axial component to the flow which is subsequently deflected to reach the outlet opening 13b where it has a predominant radial component at the inlet to the chamber 15, through which it is conveyed to the intake section 4 of the fan.
  • the intake section 4 advantageously comprises the opening 4a which is coaxial with the rotor axis X.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred configuration of ducts 13 of which the openings 13a for the admission of the fluid to the fan are visible.
  • One of the main advantages of the invention lies in the fact that, the provision of diverter means in the fan for bringing about crossing of the intake and delivery flows permits further processing of the flow output from the fan, improving the efficiency thereof, that is, improving the fluid-mechanical characteristics prior to the supply of the flow to further operative stages of the preselected application.
  • the delivery flow can be cooled by virtue of the cross-over with the intake flow owing to the respective heat-exchange, which is particularly advantageous in air-air pre-heating devices.
  • Another advantage is that of improving the operative conditions at the intake in terms of a quieter flow by virtue of the presence of the stator flow-straightener device arranged upstream of the intake section.
  • Another advantage lies in the fact that, in a fluid-mechanical machine according to the invention, a flow-rate measurement can be obtained by providing a pressure sensor in the intake chamber.
  • Another advantage is that further possible silencing can be achieved by the provision of sound-absorbent material on the walls of the intake chamber.
  • Yet another advantage is connected with the greater compactness that can be achieved by the invention in comparison with machines with similar performance characteristics.
  • a further advantage lies in a lower cost in comparison with known solutions since the invention incorporates within it several functions for each component.
  • the invention thus achieves the objects proposed, affording the above-mentioned advantages over known solutions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A fluid-mechanical machine comprises a bladed rotor (2) which can be rotated about a rotation axis (X) and which can be housed in a manifold (3) in which an inlet section (4) and an output section (5) are defined for the operative fluid processed by the machine. The machine also comprises first and second diverter means (10, 11) for diverting the flow at the inlet to the machine and the flow supplied at the output of the machine, respectively, the first and second diverter means having an extent and shape such that the flow of the fluid at the output of the machine crosses the flow of fluid directed towards the inlet section of the machine, the flows being directed separately and distinctly from one another by the first and second diverter means.

Description

    Technical field
  • The present invention relates to a fluid-mechanical machine having the characteristics set out in the preamble to main Claim 1.
    • Technological background
  • A fluid-mechanical machine having the features outlined above is known from US 3289695 (closest prior art). FR-A-2422053 and DE-A-3842826 are also prior art to the present invention.
  • Fluid-mechanical machines of the type indicated, whether they be operative machines or power machines, are typically provided with a bladed rotor which is supported rotatably in a manifold in which an inlet section and an output section are defined for the operative fluid processed by the machine. Compressors, fans and pumps are given as examples of operative machines. These fluid-mechanical machines are distinguished by fluid intake and delivery sections that are far apart and in general are arranged in the region of the rotation axis of the rotor and in a radial position remote from the axis, respectively, according to whether they are operative or power machines.
    • Description of the invention
  • A principal object of the invention is to provide a fluid-mechanical machine which is devised structurally and functionally to achieve an improvement in functional capacity in terms of efficiency in the processing of the operative fluid output from or entering the machine, prior to the supply of the flow to other operative stages that are provided for downstream of the fluid-mechanical machine in specific applications.
  • This object is achieved by a fluid-mechanical machine constructed in accordance with the appended claims.
    • Brief description of the drawings
  • Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof which is described by way of non-limiting example with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
    • Figures 1 and 2 are partially-sectioned, perspective views of a fluid-mechanical machine constructed in accordance with the present invention,
    • Figure 3 is an axial section through the machine of Figure 1, and
    • Figure 4 is a further partially-sectioned, perspective view of the invention.
    Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • With reference to the drawings mentioned, an example of a fluid-mechanical machine according to the invention, generally indicated 1, is constructed as an operative machine and is designed, in particular, as a centrifugal fan arranged for processing an aeriform fluid. A typical application may be that of a centrifugal fan for the pre-mixing of an air-gas mixture to be supplied to a gas burner which is arranged downstream of the fan with respect to the direction of the flow.
  • The fan comprises a bladed rotor 2 with a rotor-housing manifold 3 in which an intake section 4 and a delivery section 5 of the fan are formed.
  • The rotor 2 can be rotated about a rotation axis X by a drive means (not shown), for example, an electric motor onto the drive shaft of which the rotor is keyed.
  • The intake section 4 is provided in the region of the axis X and comprises an opening 4a coaxial with the axis X. The delivery section 5, on the other hand, is defined in the region of a circumferential profile located downstream of the outside diameter of the rotor and can be approximated to a cylindrical lateral surface the circular base of which is defined by the above-mentioned circumferential profile.
  • According to the invention, the fan unit contains first diverter means, indicated 10, for diverting the fluid that is delivered through the delivery section 5 of the fan and second, separate and distinct diverter means, indicated 11, for diverting the flow of operative fluid drawn in from outside the fan towards the intake section 4.
  • Moreover, the diverter means 10, 11 are selected to have an extent and shape such that the flow at the delivery section 5 of the fan crosses the flow of fluid directed towards the intake section 4, as shown schematically in Figure 3, in which the flows are directed separately and distinctly from one another by the first and second diverter means.
  • In Figure 3, the directions of the above-mentioned flows, which cross in a region indicated M, are marked by white-filled arrows (intake flow) and by black arrows (delivery flow), respectively.
  • More particularly, the first diverter means 10 comprise a respective plurality of ducts, all indicated 12, which extend in the region of the delivery section 5 of the fan, beyond the outside diameter of the rotor 2, to connect the delivery section with the area outside the fan.
  • The ducts 12 are distributed circumferentially, downstream of the delivery section 5, at preselected angular intervals, in particular at regular angular intervals. Moreover, each duct 12 has, at one of its ends with respect to the direction of the flow, an inlet opening 12a for the fluid (supplied by the delivery section of the fan) in which the flow has a predominant radial component, and an output opening 12b at the opposite end, in which the flow has a predominant axial component.
  • The second diverter means 11 in turn comprise a respective plurality of ducts, all indicated 13, which are positioned alternately with the ducts 12 so that, in the region M in which the flows cross, a duct 13 is interposed between a pair of adjacent ducts 12.
  • Moreover, with respect to the direction of the flow, each duct 13 has an inlet opening 13a which is open to the area outside the fan for the admission of the fluid thereto, and an opposed outlet opening 13b communicating with a chamber 15 which in turn is connected to the intake section 4 of the fan. Stator blades, indicated 20, are also formed in the chamber 15 for suitably diverting the flow of the operative fluid towards the intake section 4; optionally, the stator blades 20 can impart to the flow a pre-rotation component which is produced by the curved profiles of the stator blades.
  • The ducts 13 are also preferably distributed along a circumferential profile which is concentric with the rotor axis and is located downstream of the delivery section 5. Moreover, a distribution of ducts at regular angular intervals is preferred. The inlet opening 13a of each duct is such as to impart a predominant axial component to the flow which is subsequently deflected to reach the outlet opening 13b where it has a predominant radial component at the inlet to the chamber 15, through which it is conveyed to the intake section 4 of the fan. The intake section 4 advantageously comprises the opening 4a which is coaxial with the rotor axis X.
  • Figure 1 shows a preferred configuration of ducts 13 of which the openings 13a for the admission of the fluid to the fan are visible.
  • One of the main advantages of the invention lies in the fact that, the provision of diverter means in the fan for bringing about crossing of the intake and delivery flows permits further processing of the flow output from the fan, improving the efficiency thereof, that is, improving the fluid-mechanical characteristics prior to the supply of the flow to further operative stages of the preselected application. For example, the delivery flow can be cooled by virtue of the cross-over with the intake flow owing to the respective heat-exchange, which is particularly advantageous in air-air pre-heating devices.
  • Another advantage is that of improving the operative conditions at the intake in terms of a quieter flow by virtue of the presence of the stator flow-straightener device arranged upstream of the intake section.
  • Another advantage lies in the fact that, in a fluid-mechanical machine according to the invention, a flow-rate measurement can be obtained by providing a pressure sensor in the intake chamber.
  • Another advantage is that further possible silencing can be achieved by the provision of sound-absorbent material on the walls of the intake chamber.
  • Yet another advantage is connected with the greater compactness that can be achieved by the invention in comparison with machines with similar performance characteristics.
  • A further advantage lies in a lower cost in comparison with known solutions since the invention incorporates within it several functions for each component. The invention thus achieves the objects proposed, affording the above-mentioned advantages over known solutions.

Claims (6)

  1. A fluid-mechanical machine comprising a bladed rotor (2) which can be rotated about a rotation axis (X) and which can be housed in a manifold (3) in which an inlet section (4) and a delivery section (5) are defined for the operative fluid processed by the machine, said machine further comprising first and second diverter means (10, 11) for diverting the flow at the inlet to the machine and the flow supplied at the output of the machine, respectively, the first and second diverter means (10, 11) having an extent and shape such that the flow of the fluid at the output of the machine crosses the flow of fluid directed towards the inlet section of the machine, the flows being directed separately and distinctly from one another by the first and second diverter means, characterized in that
    - the inlet section (4) comprises an axial intake section extending in the region of the rotation axis of the rotor, in that
    - the delivery section (5) is a radial delivery section, and in that
    - the first and second diverter means (10, 11) comprise, respectively, a first plurality of ducts (12) and a second plurality of ducts (13) which are arranged alternately so that, in the region (M) in which the flows cross, a duct of one of the pluralities is interposed between a pair of ducts of the other plurality, the ducts (12) of the first plurality being defined in a stator flow-straightener device in which the corresponding ducts are in flow communication with a chamber connecting the ducts to the intake section (4) and the ducts (13) of the second plurality put the delivery section into communication with a common output section extending downstream of the region of crossed flows.
  2. A fluid-mechanical machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is a centrifugal machine.
  3. A machine according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that it is an operative centrifugal machine.
  4. A machine according to Claim 3, characterized in that it is a fan.
  5. A machine according to Claim 1, in which the ducts (13) of the second plurality are distributed along a circumferential profile which is concentric with the rotor axis (X) and is located downstream of the delivery section (5), with respect to the direction of the flow.
  6. A machine according to Claim 5 in which the ducts (13) of the second plurality are arranged at regular angular intervals along the circumferential profile.
EP08862665A 2007-12-19 2008-12-12 A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan Active EP2235378B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08862665T PL2235378T3 (en) 2007-12-19 2008-12-12 A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000416A ITPD20070416A1 (en) 2007-12-19 2007-12-19 FLUID DYNAMIC MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR FAN OF CENTRIFUGAL TYPE
PCT/EP2008/067434 WO2009077455A1 (en) 2007-12-19 2008-12-12 A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2235378A1 EP2235378A1 (en) 2010-10-06
EP2235378B1 true EP2235378B1 (en) 2011-05-18

Family

ID=40315750

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08862665A Active EP2235378B1 (en) 2007-12-19 2008-12-12 A fluid-mechanical machine, in particular a centrifugal fan

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2235378B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE510132T1 (en)
IT (1) ITPD20070416A1 (en)
PL (1) PL2235378T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2235378E (en)
WO (1) WO2009077455A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1391676B1 (en) * 2008-11-07 2012-01-17 Sit La Precisa Spa Con Socio Unico GAS BURNER UNIT WITH PRE-MIXING
RU2397374C1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-08-20 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный космический научно-производственный центр имени М.В. Хруничева" (ФГУП "ГКНПЦ им. М.В. Хруничева") Inlet device of negative displacement pump

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289695A (en) 1964-11-16 1966-12-06 Waterous Co Centrifugal pump transfer valve
FR2039477A5 (en) * 1969-04-04 1971-01-15 Alsthom
BE865619A (en) 1978-04-03 1978-10-03 Acec IMPROVEMENTS TO CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS IN DOUBLE WHEEL TANK
DE3842826C2 (en) 1988-12-20 1997-01-23 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Centrifugal pump with double-flow suction stage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITPD20070416A1 (en) 2009-06-20
WO2009077455A1 (en) 2009-06-25
EP2235378A1 (en) 2010-10-06
PT2235378E (en) 2011-08-25
ATE510132T1 (en) 2011-06-15
PL2235378T3 (en) 2011-12-30

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