EP2222151A1 - Live plant box - Google Patents

Live plant box

Info

Publication number
EP2222151A1
EP2222151A1 EP08861319A EP08861319A EP2222151A1 EP 2222151 A1 EP2222151 A1 EP 2222151A1 EP 08861319 A EP08861319 A EP 08861319A EP 08861319 A EP08861319 A EP 08861319A EP 2222151 A1 EP2222151 A1 EP 2222151A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
culture
plants
substrate
frame
pocket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08861319A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
David Cussol
Paul Milhau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NATURALYS
Original Assignee
Thomas Fleurs SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomas Fleurs SA filed Critical Thomas Fleurs SA
Publication of EP2222151A1 publication Critical patent/EP2222151A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G1/00—Mirrors; Picture frames or the like, e.g. provided with heating, lighting or ventilating means
    • A47G1/06—Picture frames
    • A47G2001/0683—Picture frames having means for holding flowers

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of indoor plant growing devices, and more particularly to decorative devices with integrated irrigation system.
  • a decorative table for the vertical cultivation of plants comprising a culture support and a water reservoir associated with a frame, in which the culture support is hydrated by a continuous supply of water with the aid of a network of hydrophilic locks dipping into the tank.
  • a method of obtaining such a table is also claimed.
  • the interior decoration often uses plant elements, most commonly grown in pots or trays filled with soil or other suitable substrate.
  • these containers can be equipped in their lower part with a water tank and an electric pump associated with a drip system.
  • compositions arranged in tabular form comprising a substantially vertical support surrounded by a frame, the assembly being attached to a wall or placed on a piece of furniture.
  • the support may be pierced with housings in which buckets containing a cultivated plant are placed.
  • This system easy to install and allowing to instantly renew the plants when they collapse, requires however to extract the buckets one by one during each watering.
  • Other systems also devoid of watering means, need to be unhooked from the wall they decorate and placed horizontally before each water intake.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by providing a decorative plant device, which is simple to install, maintain and renew. Another object of the invention is to provide an environment not only aesthetic and natural but also silent and totally autonomous. Yet another object of the invention is to allow the cultivation of plants in a vertical position, in a sustainable and perennial manner. Yet another object of the invention is to achieve the culture with an integrated continuous irrigation system. The present invention will also make it possible to implement the usual cultivation methods, on potting soil or other substrate, with the addition of water and fertilizer according to the recipes known to professional and amateur gardeners.
  • the present invention thus relates to a device for decorative purposes for the vertical culture of plants comprising: i) a culture support containing a culture substrate, and provided with holes on its front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants, ii) a rigid frame extending in a substantially vertical plane, delimiting a window in front of the front face of the culture support, and iii) a water reservoir, the culture support being placed above the water reservoir, and having at least one hydrophilic wick extending from the culture substrate to the tank of the water tank.
  • the substrate in which the root system of the plants develops is permanently moistened in its mass, because of the capillary force providing a regular and continuous water supply from the reservoir.
  • Any hydrophilic material for forming wicks may be used, especially cotton.
  • the device therefore requires no electrical energy to activate a pump (so no wire, no battery, no programmer), or complex watering network often source of leaks ...
  • the wick is partly inserted into the growing medium near the root system of the plants and partly beyond it so as to hang freely in the tank tank.
  • said at least one hydrophilic wick is divided into several strands distributed in the mass of the substrate, thus constituting a hydration network. This is particularly suitable for houseplants that generally require sustained hydration, which can be easily adjusted by judiciously choosing the amount and length of wicks and strands used.
  • the culture support comprises a pouch of flexible or rigid material, flattened in the form of a cushion, one of the two substantially flat faces constituting the front face through which the aerial part of the plants.
  • the culture support whose essential element, by its volume at least, is the pocket containing the substrate, must adopt a shape that allows both to have a plant implantation surface sufficiently expanded to correspond to to the decorative surface of the board, and a moderate thickness to limit the size at the back of the device.
  • the face of the pocket on which the plants are implanted is the front face when the device is in place: it occupies the decorative surface of the table.
  • the pocket when the pocket is dissociated from the frame, it naturally rests in a horizontal position so that the front face is then the upper face. In this case, the vegetative portion is deployed vertically above the substrate pocket.
  • This underlines the interest of the present device, whose living element can be implanted or even grown prior to its installation, in a pocket suitable for the device according to the invention, so that the plant table is assembled while the plants are already green and colorful.
  • the device will be characterized in the state and position it occupies when it is installed.
  • the decorative surface of the painting is typically rectangular or square, although nothing prevents the realization of tables of round, triangular, hexagonal, or other forms still according to the imagination of the decorator.
  • the pouch containing the substrate may be made of a flexible or rigid material, such as a fabric of natural or synthetic fibers, a non-woven textile material, a synthetic film more or less thick, which may be porous or perforated from place to place.
  • a flexible or rigid material such as a fabric of natural or synthetic fibers, a non-woven textile material, a synthetic film more or less thick, which may be porous or perforated from place to place.
  • the material chosen is flexible or rigid, it must be able to withstand the weight when the substrate is wet and prevent fine particles from escaping.
  • the bag is made of a flexible material permeable to air, for example non-woven fabric or horticultural fabric, which maintains a certain moisture of the substrate while allowing evaporation and the passage of d 'air.
  • a conventional "pre-mix" substrate such as those sold commercially, may however be suitable. It essentially allows plants to take root. Fertilizer additions are necessary after a few months. The skilled gardener knows how to choose the most suitable growing medium for the type of plant chosen.
  • the pocket is advantageously sewn on its edges, leaving only one free slot for the passage of each wick. It will suffice to incise the textile to pass the plant and plant in the substrate, in which it will root and grow.
  • the tank is designed as a simple waterproof tank rotproof material able to contain water optionally supplemented with a fertilizer mineral solution. It is placed under the growing medium, so that the wick is in contact with the water it contains. It is understood that the water must not be in direct contact with the pocket, which is always at least one centimeter from the level of the water. Indeed, any contact can lead to the appearance of diseases or rotting of the plant. Only the wick is the link between the water supply and the pocket, by capillarity. It is then the substrate which by its drainage faculties, conveys water to the roots.
  • the frame has the function, besides its aesthetic appearance, to hide the growing medium and the tank. It therefore has a dimension ensuring the recovery of the support and the reservoir at the periphery of the device. It can also be used as a support element as will be described later. It must therefore be rigid and resistant, wood dyed, painted, or stained, colored plastic molded, particularly suitable for its manufacture. It is also possible to use other materials chosen by those skilled in the art, such as brushed aluminum, painted metal, raw or aged, or even terracotta ...
  • the three elements, frame, culture support and reservoir, are arranged to form a table in which the decorative element is constituted by the plants unfolding from the culture support in the opening of the frame.
  • These three elements can be associated in different ways, with mutual fixation or not.
  • the culture support can for example be supported with a bracket above the tank, while the frame is simply placed in front of this set so as to present a facade aesthetic.
  • the tank may be secured to the bottom of the frame, which makes it play a role of resting to maintain the device in a substantially vertical position.
  • the culture support comprises removable attachment means to the frame.
  • the culture support comprises removable attachment means to the frame.
  • the culture medium comprises suspension means cooperating with complementary means provided on the rear face of the frame.
  • complementary means for example may be used a set of hooks and rings, rod and pins, pressures, or any other means known to those skilled in the art. It is therefore in this case the frame itself that provides the support function of the culture medium.
  • the culture support comprises a framework extending inside the pocket in its width.
  • This internal frame is intended to ensure its rigidity of the pocket when it is flexible material, and / or to provide a base for the suspension means of the culture medium. It therefore occupies the entire width of the support, or more precisely the pocket containing the substrate so that it does not collapse and that the suspension points can be effectively distributed over the entire width of the culture medium.
  • This framework can be very simply consists of a rod running in the upper part of the pocket where a slide has been arranged. It can also be placed in the pocket, and serve as a base for an attachment member projecting outside said pocket.
  • the frame is provided with hooks which protrude outside the pocket to ensure the suspension of the support.
  • the frame further comprises substrate holding members, able to prevent the settlement of said substrate in the lower part of the pocket.
  • the substrate holding members are formed of a grid extending in a part or in the whole of the pocket.
  • the substrate holding members are formed of rods provided with pallets placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket.
  • the rods can be horizontal or vertical extensions of the framework, and are immersed in the substrate.
  • the pallets are integral with the rods, and form small horizontal platforms distributed in the mass of the substrate.
  • the rods may for example originate on the upper part of the frame and down into the substrate, each rod carrying one or more rakes whose teeth are placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket.
  • the framework may further comprise means for docking said at least one hydrophilic wick and strands derived therefrom.
  • the framework may further comprise means for docking said at least one hydrophilic wick and strands derived therefrom.
  • the internal framework is made to fulfill one or more functions contributing to a good functioning of the living plant table:
  • the water tank is provided with a water level indicator member.
  • a water level indicator member One can for example use a float moving according to the water level, associated with a visible indicator on the side of the tank.
  • the device comprises: i) at least two culture supports enclosing a culture substrate, provided with holes on their front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants and comprising at least one hydrophilic wick, ii) as many water tanks, each placed below one of said supports, said at least two culture supports being placed side by side so that their front face is in the same plane, and iii) a rigid frame delimiting a single window in a substantially vertical plane around the frontal plane defined by said culture supports.
  • the pockets are suspended from fasteners arranged at regular intervals at the rear of the upper amount of the frame.
  • the device according to the invention may furthermore comprise one or more of the following means: a box for protecting the culture support at the rear of the frame, provided with aeration means;
  • the protective box is intended to hide the rear of the device so that it has a clean appearance.
  • This box is preferably designed so that the culture medium is not confined so that moisture can evaporate and mold does not grow. To do this, one can for example provide a relief (splines, pins or other) on the inner face of the box so that the pocket containing the substrate does not adhere to the wall of the box on its entire surface, but on the contrary only support certain places. It is also alternatively or cumulatively, to provide clear-lanes including the side walls of said box.
  • the support means in a vertical or quasi-vertical position may consist of an articulated support foot allowing the display of the vegetable board on a piece of furniture in a slightly inclined position.
  • a rod for the wall suspension may also be provided.
  • rails or grooves may be provided on the sides of the tank, which will cooperate with a junction piece of complementary shape. Any means available to those skilled in the art can of course be used to removably or permanently fix two units of the device according to the invention.
  • the subject of the present invention is also a process for the vertical cultivation of plants using a device according to one of the preceding claims, this method essentially comprising the steps of: a) - planting plants on a culture support comprising a culture substrate and provided with holes for the deployment of the aerial part of said plants, said support comprising at least one hydrophilic wick extending from the culture substrate to the outside, b) - associating the culture support with a rigid frame in a substantially vertical plane, above a water tank, so that the frame defines a window around the face of the culture support carrying the aerial part of said plants, said face then constituting the front face of the growing medium, c) - fill the water tank and soak the wick in the water.
  • the vertical culture method according to the invention may optionally comprise, in step a), a preculture phase of the plants in the culture support in a horizontal position. It is thus possible to prepare varied compositions at will, and let them take root properly in the garden or greenhouse before installing them in the vertical decorative device. This flexibility of use makes it possible to offer the user a culture support with implanted plants, to change the culture medium as a whole in a single operation. Such a product can be easily marketed and available at any time. Of course, for enlightened amateurs, it is also possible to grow potted plants and install them yourself on the support when needed.
  • the device and the method of vertical culture which have just been described, allow the plants planted in the culture supports to develop normally, to a very satisfying rhythm. Once the substrate and the system of locks are well chosen, the plants adapt easily to this mode of culture, in a sustainable way. It is simple, very reliable and practical.
  • the plant painting may have a strictly decorative use, playful, utilitarian (condimentary plants), or educational.
  • Fig.1 is a perspective view of the front of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig.2 is a perspective view of the rear of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig.3 is a representation of a culture support according to the invention comprising a stiffening rod
  • FIG. 4 is a representation of a culture support according to the invention comprising a stiffening and support grid
  • Fig.5 is a perspective view of a stiffening frame and support for culture support according to the invention.
  • the decorative board for the vertical cultivation of plants comprises the culture support 1 placed above the water tank 4, these being associated with the frame 2.
  • the frame 2 delimits a window 3 in a substantially vertical plane around the front face of the culture support 1.
  • the tank 4 is composed of a waterproof container rotproof material, attached to the bottom of the frame 2. It is provided at its base with the support strip 18 for holding the device on a piece of furniture. It is surmounted by the box 17 which provides protection of the culture medium, by masking it to the view and avoiding that it does not come into contact with the wall. It is equipped with the float 16 moving according to the level of the water, visible on the side of the tank.
  • the culture support 1 contains a culture substrate that is suitable for the type of plant chosen. It is provided with holes on its front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants, these holes being generally obtained by a simple incision in the moment of plant installation on the substrate.
  • the culture substrate 1 is hydrated by a continuous supply of water using the wick 5 of hydrophilic cotton, immersed in the tank of the tank 4.
  • the wick 5 is divided into several strands 6 distributed in the mass of the substrate.
  • the culture support 1 comprises a pocket 7 made of non-woven horticultural fabric that is permeable to air. It is flattened in the form of a cushion, sewn on its sides, leaving only a free slot for the passage of the wick 5.
  • a frame 8 extends inside the pocket in all its width.
  • the pocket 7 is closed by a seam 19 so as to leave a free band.
  • the suspension of the pocket 7 is then provided by the eyelets 20 fixed at this band.
  • the frame 8 consists of the rod 18 running in a slide of the upper part of the pocket 7.
  • FIG. 4 shows a more elaborate framework 8 serving as a base for suspension hooks 9 protruding outside the pocket 7.
  • the frame 8 comprises the grid 12 for holding the substrate, extending in a part of the pocket 7 to give it some rigidity and prevent the settlement of said substrate.
  • the support of the substrate is ensured by the rods 13 provided with one or two pallets 14 placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket 7.
  • the pallets 14 here adopt the shape of rakes whose teeth are placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket 7.
  • the frame 8 further comprises the ring and the lugs 15 for mooring the strands 6 of the hydrophilic wick 5.
  • Frames are stained wood, molded plastic tanks.
  • the pockets are polypropylene (dimensions 19.5 x 22 cm). They are filled with horticultural soil in which is placed a molded plastic frame as shown in Figure 5.
  • the wicking hydration is cotton wool 1.5 cm in diameter, consisting of three strands of 0.5 cm in diameter , realizing a network of 90 cm in each pocket.
  • Plastic container 1x1 liter: width 21 cm depth 8 cm thickness 8 cm
  • Plastic containers 2x1 liter: width 21 cm x 2 depth 8 cm thickness 8 cm
  • the prototypes used for the experiments have a tank of a capacity of 1 to 3 liters, which ensures a range of autonomy from 3 to 10 days depending on the surrounding conditions (including heat).
  • the used bags contain 1, 3 liter of substrate in each of which 3 to 6 plants were placed. The monitoring of the good hydration of the plants is reduced to the strict minimum: it is enough to maintain water in the tank.

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a device for decorative purposes, for the vertical cultivation of plants, comprising: i) a cultivation support containing a cultivation substrate, and having holes on the front face thereof for the opening out of the above-ground part of the plants, ii) a rigid frame extending in a substantially vertical plane, defining a window in the front face of the cultivation support, and iii) a water reservoir, the cultivation support being placed over the water reservoir, and comprising at least one hydrophilic wick extending from the cultivation substrate to the water reservoir tank. The cultivation support is hydrated by a continuous supply of water by means of one or more hydrophilic wicks immersed in the reservoir. It may comprise an internal framework to give it rigidity and to prevent settling of the substrate in the lower part of said support. A method for obtaining such a plant box is also claimed.

Description

TABLEAU VEGETAL VIVANT LIVING VEGETABLE TABLE
La présente invention appartient au domaine des dispositifs de culture des plantes d'intérieur, et plus particulièrement des dispositifs décoratifs avec système d'arrosage intégré.The present invention belongs to the field of indoor plant growing devices, and more particularly to decorative devices with integrated irrigation system.
Elle a pour objet un tableau décoratif pour la culture verticale de végétaux comprenant un support de culture et un réservoir d'eau associés à un cadre, dans lequel le support de culture est hydraté par un apport continu d'eau à l'aide d'un réseau de mèches hydrophiles plongeant dans le réservoir. Un procédé d'obtention d'un tel tableau est également revendiqué.It relates to a decorative table for the vertical cultivation of plants comprising a culture support and a water reservoir associated with a frame, in which the culture support is hydrated by a continuous supply of water with the aid of a network of hydrophilic locks dipping into the tank. A method of obtaining such a table is also claimed.
La décoration des intérieurs fait souvent appel à des éléments végétaux, cultivés le plus communément dans des pots ou des bacs remplis de terre ou d'un autre substrat adapté. Pour faciliter l'hydratation régulière des végétaux, ces récipients peuvent être équipés dans leur partie inférieure d'un réservoir d'eau et d'une pompe électrique associée à un système de goutte à goutte.The interior decoration often uses plant elements, most commonly grown in pots or trays filled with soil or other suitable substrate. To facilitate the regular hydration of plants, these containers can be equipped in their lower part with a water tank and an electric pump associated with a drip system.
De manière plus originale, on trouve des compositions végétales agencées sous forme de tableau, comprenant un support sensiblement vertical entouré d'un cadre, l'ensemble étant fixé à un mur ou posé sur un meuble. Par exemple, le support peut être percé de logements dans lesquels on place des godets contenant une plante cultivée. Ce système, facile à installer et permettant de renouveler instantanément les plantes lorsqu'elles périclitent, demande cependant d'extraire les godets un à un lors de chaque arrosage. D'autres systèmes également dépourvus de moyens d'arrosage, nécessitent d'être décrochés du mur qu'ils décorent et placés à l'horizontale avant chaque apport d'eau. Il est par ailleurs connu d'installer des plantes sur un treillis en tissu fixé à un cadre et alimenté en goutte-à-goutte à partir d'un réservoir par une pompe électrique. Ce type de dispositif présente l'inconvénient de ne pas permettre le remplacement individuel des plantes, et surtout il nécessite une pompe dont le moteur est bruyant et exige un raccordement électrique.In a more original way, there are plant compositions arranged in tabular form, comprising a substantially vertical support surrounded by a frame, the assembly being attached to a wall or placed on a piece of furniture. For example, the support may be pierced with housings in which buckets containing a cultivated plant are placed. This system, easy to install and allowing to instantly renew the plants when they collapse, requires however to extract the buckets one by one during each watering. Other systems also devoid of watering means, need to be unhooked from the wall they decorate and placed horizontally before each water intake. It is also known to install plants on a fabric lattice attached to a frame and fed drop by drop from a tank by an electric pump. This type of device has the disadvantage of not allowing the individual replacement of plants, and especially it requires a pump whose motor is noisy and requires an electrical connection.
Le but de la présente invention est de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un dispositif végétal à vocation décorative, qui soit simple à installer, à entretenir et à renouveler. Un autre but de l'invention est d'offrir un environnement non seulement esthétique et naturel mais aussi silencieux et totalement autonome. Un autre but encore de l'invention est de permettre la culture de végétaux en position verticale, de manière durable et pérenne. Encore un but de l'invention est de réaliser la culture avec un système d'irrigation continue intégrée. La présente invention permettra en outre de mettre œuvre des méthodes culturales habituelles, sur terreau ou autre substrat, avec apport d'eau et d'engrais selon les recettes connues des jardiniers professionnels et amateurs.The object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages by providing a decorative plant device, which is simple to install, maintain and renew. Another object of the invention is to provide an environment not only aesthetic and natural but also silent and totally autonomous. Yet another object of the invention is to allow the cultivation of plants in a vertical position, in a sustainable and perennial manner. Yet another object of the invention is to achieve the culture with an integrated continuous irrigation system. The present invention will also make it possible to implement the usual cultivation methods, on potting soil or other substrate, with the addition of water and fertilizer according to the recipes known to professional and amateur gardeners.
La présente invention a ainsi pour objet un dispositif à vocation décorative pour la culture verticale de végétaux comprenant : i) un support de culture renfermant un substrat de culture, et pourvu de trous sur sa face frontale pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne des plantes, ii) un cadre rigide s'étendant dans un plan sensiblement vertical, délimitant une fenêtre devant la face frontale du support de culture, et iii) un réservoir d'eau, le support de culture étant placé au-dessus du réservoir d'eau, et comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile s'étendant depuis le substrat de culture jusqu'au bac du réservoir d'eau.The present invention thus relates to a device for decorative purposes for the vertical culture of plants comprising: i) a culture support containing a culture substrate, and provided with holes on its front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants, ii) a rigid frame extending in a substantially vertical plane, delimiting a window in front of the front face of the culture support, and iii) a water reservoir, the culture support being placed above the water reservoir, and having at least one hydrophilic wick extending from the culture substrate to the tank of the water tank.
Ainsi le substrat dans lequel le système racinaire des plantes se développe est en permanence humidifié dans sa masse, du fait de la force capillaire assurant un apport d'eau régulier et continu depuis le réservoir. Tout matériau hydrophile permettant de former des mèches peut être utilisé, notamment le coton. Le dispositif ne nécessite donc ni énergie électrique pour activer une pompe (donc pas de fil, pas de pile, pas de programmateur), ni de réseau d'arrosage complexe souvent source de fuites ...Thus the substrate in which the root system of the plants develops is permanently moistened in its mass, because of the capillary force providing a regular and continuous water supply from the reservoir. Any hydrophilic material for forming wicks may be used, especially cotton. The device therefore requires no electrical energy to activate a pump (so no wire, no battery, no programmer), or complex watering network often source of leaks ...
La mèche est en partie insérée dans le support de culture à proximité du système racinaire des végétaux et en partie dépasse de celui-ci de manière à pendre librement dans le bac du réservoir. Selon une caractéristique avantageuse du dispositif selon l'invention, ladite au moins une mèche hydrophile est divisée en plusieurs brins répartis dans la masse du substrat, constituant ainsi un réseau d'hydratation. Ceci est particulièrement adapté aux plantes d'intérieur qui demandent en général une hydratation soutenue, qui peut être aisément réglée en choisissant de manière judicieuse la quantité et la longueur des mèches et brins utilisés. Par contre, on utilisera plutôt une mèche simple si le tableau est composé de cactées ou de plantes méditerranéennes adaptées aux climats secs. Selon un mode de réalisation intéressant du dispositif objet de la présente invention, le support de culture comprend une poche en matériau souple ou rigide, aplati en forme de coussin, l'une des deux faces sensiblement planes constituant la face frontale par laquelle se déploie la partie aérienne des plantes. On comprend aisément que le support de culture dont l'élément essentiel, par son volume du moins, est la poche contenant le substrat, doive adopter une forme qui permette à la fois d'avoir une surface d'implantation des végétaux suffisamment étendue pour correspondre à la surface décorative du tableau, et une épaisseur modérée afin de limiter l'encombrement à l'arrière du dispositif. La face de la poche sur laquelle les végétaux sont implantés constitue la face frontale lorsque le dispositif est en place : elle occupe la surface décorative du tableau.The wick is partly inserted into the growing medium near the root system of the plants and partly beyond it so as to hang freely in the tank tank. According to an advantageous characteristic of the device according to the invention, said at least one hydrophilic wick is divided into several strands distributed in the mass of the substrate, thus constituting a hydration network. This is particularly suitable for houseplants that generally require sustained hydration, which can be easily adjusted by judiciously choosing the amount and length of wicks and strands used. On the other hand, we will use rather a simple wick if the table is composed of cacti or Mediterranean plants adapted to the dry climates. According to an advantageous embodiment of the device which is the subject of the present invention, the culture support comprises a pouch of flexible or rigid material, flattened in the form of a cushion, one of the two substantially flat faces constituting the front face through which the aerial part of the plants. It is easy to understand that the culture support whose essential element, by its volume at least, is the pocket containing the substrate, must adopt a shape that allows both to have a plant implantation surface sufficiently expanded to correspond to to the decorative surface of the board, and a moderate thickness to limit the size at the back of the device. The face of the pocket on which the plants are implanted is the front face when the device is in place: it occupies the decorative surface of the table.
On notera que lorsque la poche est dissociée du cadre, elle repose naturellement en position horizontale de sorte que cette face frontale est alors la face supérieure. Dans ce cas, la partie végétative se déploie verticalement au-dessus de la poche de substrat. Ceci souligne l'intérêt du présent dispositif, dont l'élément vivant peut être implanté ou même cultivé préalablement à son installation, dans une poche convenant au dispositif selon l'invention, de manière que le tableau végétal soit assemblé alors que les plantes sont déjà verdoyantes et colorées. Par soucis de clarté, dans la présente description et sauf indication explicite contraire, on caractérisera le dispositif dans l'état et dans la position qu'il occupe quand il est installé.Note that when the pocket is dissociated from the frame, it naturally rests in a horizontal position so that the front face is then the upper face. In this case, the vegetative portion is deployed vertically above the substrate pocket. This underlines the interest of the present device, whose living element can be implanted or even grown prior to its installation, in a pocket suitable for the device according to the invention, so that the plant table is assembled while the plants are already green and colorful. For the sake of clarity, in the present description and unless explicitly stated otherwise, the device will be characterized in the state and position it occupies when it is installed.
La surface décorative du tableau est typiquement rectangulaire ou carrée, bien que rien ne s'oppose à la réalisation de tableaux de forme ronde, triangulaire, hexagonale, ou d'autres formes encore selon l'imagination du décorateur.The decorative surface of the painting is typically rectangular or square, although nothing prevents the realization of tables of round, triangular, hexagonal, or other forms still according to the imagination of the decorator.
La poche contenant le substrat peut être réalisée en un matériau souple ou rigide, tel qu'un tissu en fibres naturelles ou synthétiques, un matériau textile intissé, un film synthétique plus ou moins épais, pouvant être poreux ou perforé de place en place. Bien entendu, que le matériau choisi soit souple ou rigide, il doit pouvoir résister au poids quand le substrat est humide et empêcher que des particules fines ne s'échappent. Par ailleurs, il est recommandé qu'un échange avec l'atmosphère soit possible, afin d'éviter le pourrissement des racines. C'est pourquoi, de préférence, la poche est réalisée en un matériau souple perméable à l'air, par exemple en textile intissé ou en tissu horticole, qui maintient une certaine humidité du substrat tout en permettant l'évaporation et le passage de d'air. Bien entendu, en fonction des espèces végétales que l'on veut mettre en culture (plantes vertes, méditerranéennes, plantes carnivores, cactus, succulentes...), on choisit les caractéristiques physico-chimiques du substrat (drainage, pH, électroconductivité, porosité, ...). Un substrat classique du type "pré-mélanges", tels que ceux vendus dans le commerce, peut toutefois convenir. Il permet essentiellement aux plantes de s'enraciner. Des apports en engrais sont nécessaires au bout de quelques mois. Le jardinier averti sait choisir le substrat de culture le plus adapté au type de végétal choisi.The pouch containing the substrate may be made of a flexible or rigid material, such as a fabric of natural or synthetic fibers, a non-woven textile material, a synthetic film more or less thick, which may be porous or perforated from place to place. Of course, whether the material chosen is flexible or rigid, it must be able to withstand the weight when the substrate is wet and prevent fine particles from escaping. In addition, it is recommended that an exchange with the atmosphere is possible, in order to avoid root rot. Therefore, preferably, the bag is made of a flexible material permeable to air, for example non-woven fabric or horticultural fabric, which maintains a certain moisture of the substrate while allowing evaporation and the passage of d 'air. Of course, depending on the plant species that we want to culture (green plants, Mediterranean, carnivorous plants, cacti, succulents ...), one chooses the physico-chemical characteristics of the substratum (drainage, pH, electroconductivity, porosity, ...). A conventional "pre-mix" substrate, such as those sold commercially, may however be suitable. It essentially allows plants to take root. Fertilizer additions are necessary after a few months. The skilled gardener knows how to choose the most suitable growing medium for the type of plant chosen.
Lorsqu'elle est réalisée en textile intissé, la poche est avantageusement cousue sur ses bords, ne laissant qu'une fente libre pour le passage de chaque mèche. Il suffira d'inciser le textile pour faire passer le végétal et le planter dans le substrat, dans lequel il s'enracinera et se développera.When it is made of non-woven fabric, the pocket is advantageously sewn on its edges, leaving only one free slot for the passage of each wick. It will suffice to incise the textile to pass the plant and plant in the substrate, in which it will root and grow.
Le réservoir est conçu comme un simple bac étanche en matériau imputrescible apte à contenir de l'eau éventuellement additionnée d'une solution minérale fertilisante. Il est placé sous le support de culture, de sorte que la mèche soit en contact avec l'eau qu'il contient. Il est entendu que l'eau ne doit pas être en contact direct avec la poche, celle-ci se trouvant toujours à un centimètre au moins du niveau de l'eau. En effet, tout contact peut entraîner l'apparition de maladies ou le pourrissement du végétal. Seule la mèche fait le lien entre la réserve d'eau et la poche, par capillarité. C'est ensuite le substrat qui par ses facultés de drainage, achemine l'eau vers les racines.The tank is designed as a simple waterproof tank rotproof material able to contain water optionally supplemented with a fertilizer mineral solution. It is placed under the growing medium, so that the wick is in contact with the water it contains. It is understood that the water must not be in direct contact with the pocket, which is always at least one centimeter from the level of the water. Indeed, any contact can lead to the appearance of diseases or rotting of the plant. Only the wick is the link between the water supply and the pocket, by capillarity. It is then the substrate which by its drainage faculties, conveys water to the roots.
Le cadre a pour fonction, outre son aspect esthétique, de masquer le support de culture et le réservoir. Il a donc une dimension assurant le recouvrement du support et du réservoir à la périphérie du dispositif. Il peut également être utilisé comme élément de soutient comme il sera décrit plus loin. Il doit donc être rigide et résistant, le bois teint, peint, ou lasuré, le plastique coloré moulé, convenant notamment à sa fabrication. On peut aussi utiliser d'autres matériaux au choix de l'homme du métier, tels que l'aluminium brossé, le métal peint, brut ou vieilli, ou encore la terre cuite ...The frame has the function, besides its aesthetic appearance, to hide the growing medium and the tank. It therefore has a dimension ensuring the recovery of the support and the reservoir at the periphery of the device. It can also be used as a support element as will be described later. It must therefore be rigid and resistant, wood dyed, painted, or stained, colored plastic molded, particularly suitable for its manufacture. It is also possible to use other materials chosen by those skilled in the art, such as brushed aluminum, painted metal, raw or aged, or even terracotta ...
Les trois éléments, cadre, support de culture et réservoir, sont agencés de manière à constituer un tableau dans lequel l'élément décoratif est constitué les plantes se déployant à partir du support de culture dans l'ouverture du cadre. Ces trois éléments peuvent être associés de différentes manières, avec fixation mutuelle ou non. Le support de culture peut par exemple être soutenu à l'aide d'une potence au dessus du réservoir, tandis que le cadre est simplement posé devant cet ensemble de manière à présenter une façade esthétique. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, le réservoir peut être assujetti au bas du cadre, ce qui permet de lui faire jouer un rôle de reposoir afin de maintenir le dispositif en position sensiblement verticale.The three elements, frame, culture support and reservoir, are arranged to form a table in which the decorative element is constituted by the plants unfolding from the culture support in the opening of the frame. These three elements can be associated in different ways, with mutual fixation or not. The culture support can for example be supported with a bracket above the tank, while the frame is simply placed in front of this set so as to present a facade aesthetic. According to another embodiment, the tank may be secured to the bottom of the frame, which makes it play a role of resting to maintain the device in a substantially vertical position.
Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux de l'invention, le support de culture comporte des moyens de fixation amovibles au cadre. Ainsi, il est commode de retirer l'élément végétal du dispositif pour traiter les plantes ou de les remplacer au cas où elles périclitent.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the culture support comprises removable attachment means to the frame. Thus, it is convenient to remove the plant element from the device to treat the plants or replace them in case they collapse.
Selon une caractéristique préférée de la présente invention, le support de culture comporte des moyens de suspension coopérant avec des moyens complémentaires ménagés sur la face arrière du cadre. Par exemple peut être utilisé un jeu de crochets et anneaux, de tige et goupilles, de pressions, ou tout autre moyen connu de l'homme de l'art. C'est donc dans ce cas le cadre lui-même qui assure la fonction de soutien du support de culture.According to a preferred feature of the present invention, the culture medium comprises suspension means cooperating with complementary means provided on the rear face of the frame. For example may be used a set of hooks and rings, rod and pins, pressures, or any other means known to those skilled in the art. It is therefore in this case the frame itself that provides the support function of the culture medium.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le support de culture comprend une ossature s'étendant à l'intérieur de la poche dans sa largeur. Cette ossature interne a pour vocation d'assurer sa rigidité de la poche quand celle-ci est en matériau souple, et/ou d'offrir une base aux moyens de suspension du support de culture. Elle occupe donc toute la largeur du support, ou plus précisément de la poche contenant le substrat afin que celle-ci ne s'affaisse pas et que les points de suspensions puissent être répartis efficacement sur toute la largeur du support de culture.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the culture support comprises a framework extending inside the pocket in its width. This internal frame is intended to ensure its rigidity of the pocket when it is flexible material, and / or to provide a base for the suspension means of the culture medium. It therefore occupies the entire width of the support, or more precisely the pocket containing the substrate so that it does not collapse and that the suspension points can be effectively distributed over the entire width of the culture medium.
Cette ossature peut être très simplement constituée d'une tringle filant dans la partie supérieure de la poche où aura été ménagée une glissière. Elle peut aussi être placée dans la poche, et servir de base à un organe d'accrochage saillant à l'extérieur de ladite poche. Ainsi, selon une caractéristique préférée de l'invention, l'ossature est munie de crochets qui font saillie à l'extérieur de la poche pour assurer la suspension du support.This framework can be very simply consists of a rod running in the upper part of the pocket where a slide has been arranged. It can also be placed in the pocket, and serve as a base for an attachment member projecting outside said pocket. Thus, according to a preferred feature of the invention, the frame is provided with hooks which protrude outside the pocket to ensure the suspension of the support.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif selon l'invention, l'ossature comprend en outre des organes de maintien du substrat, aptes à empêcher le tassement dudit substrat dans la partie inférieure de la poche.In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the frame further comprises substrate holding members, able to prevent the settlement of said substrate in the lower part of the pocket.
Selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention, les organes de maintien du substrat sont formés d'une grille s'étendant dans une partie ou dans la totalité de la poche. Selon une autre variante de réalisation de l'invention, les organes de maintien du substrat sont formés de tiges pourvues de palettes placées horizontalement à différentes hauteurs de la poche. Les tiges peuvent être des extensions horizontales ou verticales de l'ossature, et sont plongées dans le substrat. Les palettes sont solidaires des tiges, et forment de petites plateformes horizontales réparties dans la masse du substrat.According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, the substrate holding members are formed of a grid extending in a part or in the whole of the pocket. According to another embodiment of the invention, the substrate holding members are formed of rods provided with pallets placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket. The rods can be horizontal or vertical extensions of the framework, and are immersed in the substrate. The pallets are integral with the rods, and form small horizontal platforms distributed in the mass of the substrate.
Les tiges peuvent par exemple prendre origine sur la partie supérieure de l'ossature et descendre dans le substrat, chaque tige portant un ou plusieurs râteaux dont les dents sont placées horizontalement à différentes hauteurs de la poche.The rods may for example originate on the upper part of the frame and down into the substrate, each rod carrying one or more rakes whose teeth are placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket.
De manière avantageuse, l'ossature peut comprendre en outre des moyens d'amarrage de ladite au moins une mèche hydrophile et des brins qui en sont issus. On peut notamment avoir recours à un anneau permettant de nouer la mèche, ou à des ergots de blocage des brins.Advantageously, the framework may further comprise means for docking said at least one hydrophilic wick and strands derived therefrom. In particular, it is possible to use a ring making it possible to tie the wick, or to lock pins of the strands.
Comme on le voit, l'ossature interne est amenée à remplir une ou plusieurs fonctions concourant un bon fonctionnement du tableau végétal vivant :As can be seen, the internal framework is made to fulfill one or more functions contributing to a good functioning of the living plant table:
- assurer la rigidité de la poche en empêchant qu'elle ne se déforme et s'affaisse,- ensure the rigidity of the pocket by preventing it from deforming and collapsing,
- éviter le tassement du substrat, - arrimer les mèches ou ses brins à l'intérieur de la poche,- avoid settling of the substrate, - stow the locks or its strands inside the pocket,
- donner base aux moyens de fixation de la poche au cadre.- give basis to fixing the pocket to the frame.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le réservoir d'eau est doté d'un organe indicateur du niveau d'eau. On peut par exemple utiliser un flotteur se déplaçant en fonction du niveau de l'eau, associé à un indicateur visible sur le côté du réservoir.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water tank is provided with a water level indicator member. One can for example use a float moving according to the water level, associated with a visible indicator on the side of the tank.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier du dispositif selon l'invention, celui-ci comprend : i) au moins deux supports de culture renfermant un substrat de culture, pourvus de trous sur leur face frontale pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne des plantes et comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile, ii) autant de réservoirs d'eau, placés chacun au-dessous d'un desdits supports, lesdits au moins deux supports de culture étant placés côte à côte de sorte que leur face frontale soit dans un même plan, et iii) un cadre rigide délimitant une fenêtre unique dans un plan sensiblement vertical autour du plan frontal défini par lesdits supports de culture. En pratique on pourra placer plusieurs supports de culture côte à côte, en les fixant à l'arrière d'un cadre unique, celui-ci étant muni du même nombre de réservoirs assurant chacun l'hydratation d'une poche de substrat. Avantageusement, les poches sont suspendues à des organes d'accrochage disposés à intervalles réguliers à l'arrière du montant supérieur du cadre. Les caractéristiques détaillées plus haut peuvent être mises en œuvre ici de la même manière.In a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, it comprises: i) at least two culture supports enclosing a culture substrate, provided with holes on their front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants and comprising at least one hydrophilic wick, ii) as many water tanks, each placed below one of said supports, said at least two culture supports being placed side by side so that their front face is in the same plane, and iii) a rigid frame delimiting a single window in a substantially vertical plane around the frontal plane defined by said culture supports. In practice we can place several culture media side by side, fixing them to the back of a single frame, it being provided with the same number of reservoirs each ensuring the hydration of a substrate pocket. Advantageously, the pockets are suspended from fasteners arranged at regular intervals at the rear of the upper amount of the frame. The features detailed above can be implemented here in the same way.
De manière avantageuse, le dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre en outre un ou plusieurs des moyens suivants : - un caisson de protection du support de culture à l'arrière du cadre, doté de moyens d'aération ;Advantageously, the device according to the invention may furthermore comprise one or more of the following means: a box for protecting the culture support at the rear of the frame, provided with aeration means;
- des moyens de soutien du dispositif posé en position verticale ou légèrement inclinée ;means for supporting the device placed in a vertical or slightly inclined position;
- des moyens de fixation du dispositif à un mur ;means for fixing the device to a wall;
- des moyens d'assemblage de deux ou plusieurs dispositifs côte à côte.means for assembling two or more devices side by side.
Le caisson de protection est destiné à masquer l'arrière du dispositif de manière à ce qu'il ait un aspect net. Ce caisson est de préférence conçu de manière à ce que le support de culture ne soit pas confiné, afin que l'humidité puisse s'évaporer et que des moisissures ne se développent pas. Pour ce faire, on peut par exemple prévoir un relief (des cannelures, de picots ou autre) sur la face interne du caisson afin que la poche contenant le substrat n'adhère pas à la paroi du caisson sur toute sa surface, mais au contraire prenne appui uniquement à certains endroits. On peut aussi de manière alternative ou cumulative, ménager des claires-voies notamment au niveau des parois latérales dudit caisson.The protective box is intended to hide the rear of the device so that it has a clean appearance. This box is preferably designed so that the culture medium is not confined so that moisture can evaporate and mold does not grow. To do this, one can for example provide a relief (splines, pins or other) on the inner face of the box so that the pocket containing the substrate does not adhere to the wall of the box on its entire surface, but on the contrary only support certain places. It is also alternatively or cumulatively, to provide clear-lanes including the side walls of said box.
Les moyens de soutien en position verticale ou quasi-verticale peuvent consister en un pied d'appui articulé permettant l'exposition du tableau végétal sur un meuble dans une position légèrement inclinée. Une baguette pour la suspension murale peut aussi être prévue.The support means in a vertical or quasi-vertical position may consist of an articulated support foot allowing the display of the vegetable board on a piece of furniture in a slightly inclined position. A rod for the wall suspension may also be provided.
Pour l'assemblage de plusieurs caissons, des rails ou des rainures peuvent être prévues sur les côtés du réservoir, qui vont coopérer avec une pièce de jonction de forme complémentaire. Tout moyen à la disposition de l'homme de l'art peut bien entendu être employé pour fixer de manière amovible ou définitive deux unités du dispositif selon l'invention. La présente invention a également pour objet un procédé de culture verticale de végétaux à l'aide d'un dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ce procédé comprenant essentiellement les étapes consistant à : a)- installer des plantes sur un support de culture renfermant un substrat de culture et pourvu de trous pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne desdites plantes, ledit support comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile s'étendant depuis le substrat de culture vers l'extérieur, b)- associer le support de culture à un cadre rigide dans un plan sensiblement vertical, au- dessus d'un réservoir d'eau, de sorte que le cadre délimite une fenêtre autour de la face du support de culture portant la partie aérienne desdites plantes, ladite face constituant alors la face frontale du support de culture, c)- remplir le réservoir d'eau et faire tremper la mèche dans l'eau.For the assembly of several boxes, rails or grooves may be provided on the sides of the tank, which will cooperate with a junction piece of complementary shape. Any means available to those skilled in the art can of course be used to removably or permanently fix two units of the device according to the invention. The subject of the present invention is also a process for the vertical cultivation of plants using a device according to one of the preceding claims, this method essentially comprising the steps of: a) - planting plants on a culture support comprising a culture substrate and provided with holes for the deployment of the aerial part of said plants, said support comprising at least one hydrophilic wick extending from the culture substrate to the outside, b) - associating the culture support with a rigid frame in a substantially vertical plane, above a water tank, so that the frame defines a window around the face of the culture support carrying the aerial part of said plants, said face then constituting the front face of the growing medium, c) - fill the water tank and soak the wick in the water.
Une fois le dispositif installé, il suffit ensuite de rajouter régulièrement de l'eau dans le réservoir, à l'aide d'un simple arrosoir, afin que les plantes se développent. La contrainte de l'arrosage est ainsi limitée au strict minimum : la réserve d'eau est à disposition du système racinaire pour une longue période, les apports en eau étant automatiquement régulés par la consommation hydrique des racines qui appelle une montée de liquide proportionnelle par capillarité. Ainsi, ce système permet aux plantes de se développer dans des conditions aussi favorables que dans des pots en céramique ou en plastique, sans que personne n'ait à assurer des arrosages fréquents ni a gérer les quantités d'eau à apporter.Once the device is installed, it is then sufficient to add water regularly in the tank, using a simple watering can, so that the plants grow. The constraint of watering is thus limited to the strict minimum: the reserve of water is available to the root system for a long time, the inflow of water being automatically regulated by the water consumption of the roots which calls a rise of proportional liquid by capillarity. Thus, this system allows the plants to develop under conditions as favorable as in pots ceramic or plastic, without anyone having to ensure frequent watering or manage the amount of water to bring.
Le procédé de culture verticale selon l'invention peut éventuellement comprendre, à l'étape a), une phase de préculture des végétaux dans le support de culture en position horizontale. On peut ainsi préparer des compositions variées à volonté, et les laisser prendre racine correctement au jardin ou en serre avant de les installer dans le dispositif décoratif vertical. Cette souplesse d'utilisation permet d'offrir à l'utilisateur un support de culture avec végétaux implantés, pour changer le support de culture dans son ensemble en une seule opération. Un tel produit peut être facilement commercialisé et disponible à tout moment. Bien entendu, pour les amateurs éclairés, il est également possible de cultiver des plants en pot et de les installer soi-même sur le support au moment voulu.The vertical culture method according to the invention may optionally comprise, in step a), a preculture phase of the plants in the culture support in a horizontal position. It is thus possible to prepare varied compositions at will, and let them take root properly in the garden or greenhouse before installing them in the vertical decorative device. This flexibility of use makes it possible to offer the user a culture support with implanted plants, to change the culture medium as a whole in a single operation. Such a product can be easily marketed and available at any time. Of course, for enlightened amateurs, it is also possible to grow potted plants and install them yourself on the support when needed.
Le dispositif et le procédé de culture verticale qui viennent d'être décrits, permettent aux végétaux plantés dans les supports de culture de se développer normalement, à un rythme très satisfaisant. Une fois le substrat et le système de mèches bien choisis, les plantes s'adaptent sans difficulté à ce mode de culture, de façon durable. Il est simple, très fiable et pratique. Le tableau végétal pourra avoir une utilité strictement décorative, ludique, utilitaire (plantes condimentaires), ou pédagogique.The device and the method of vertical culture which have just been described, allow the plants planted in the culture supports to develop normally, to a very satisfying rhythm. Once the substrate and the system of locks are well chosen, the plants adapt easily to this mode of culture, in a sustainable way. It is simple, very reliable and practical. The plant painting may have a strictly decorative use, playful, utilitarian (condimentary plants), or educational.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise, et des détails en relevant apparaîtront, à la lumière de la description qui va être faite de différentes variantes de réalisation, en relation avec les figures annexées, dans lesquelles :The present invention will be better understood, and details will arise, in the light of the description which will be made of different embodiments, in relation to the appended figures, in which:
La fig.1 est une vue en perspective de l'avant du dispositif selon l'invention ;Fig.1 is a perspective view of the front of the device according to the invention;
La fig.2 est une vue en perspective de l'arrière du dispositif selon l'invention ;Fig.2 is a perspective view of the rear of the device according to the invention;
La fig.3 est une représentation d'un support de culture selon l'invention comprenant une tringle de rigidification ;Fig.3 is a representation of a culture support according to the invention comprising a stiffening rod;
La fig.4 est une représentation d'un support de culture selon l'invention comprenant une grille de rigidification et de soutien ;FIG. 4 is a representation of a culture support according to the invention comprising a stiffening and support grid;
La fig.5 est une vue en perspective d'une ossature de rigidification et de soutien pour support de culture selon l'invention.Fig.5 is a perspective view of a stiffening frame and support for culture support according to the invention.
EXEMPLE 1 - REALISATION d'un TABLEAU VEGETALEXAMPLE 1 - REALIZATION OF A VEGETABLE TABLE
Dans l'exemple de réalisation ici illustré par les figures 1 et 2, le tableau décoratif pour la culture verticale de végétaux comprend le support de culture 1 placé au-dessus du réservoir d'eau 4, ceux-ci étant associés au cadre 2. Le cadre 2 délimite une fenêtre 3 dans un plan sensiblement vertical autour de la face frontale du support de culture 1.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated here in FIGS. 1 and 2, the decorative board for the vertical cultivation of plants comprises the culture support 1 placed above the water tank 4, these being associated with the frame 2. The frame 2 delimits a window 3 in a substantially vertical plane around the front face of the culture support 1.
Le réservoir 4 est composé d'un bac étanche en matériau imputrescible, fixé au bas du cadre 2. Il est muni à sa base de la réglette d'appui 18 pour le maintien du dispositif sur un meuble. Il est surmonté du caisson 17 qui assure une protection du support de culture, en le masquant à la vue et en évitant qu'il n'entre en contact avec le mur. Il est doté du flotteur 16 se déplaçant en fonction du niveau de l'eau, visible sur le côté du bac.The tank 4 is composed of a waterproof container rotproof material, attached to the bottom of the frame 2. It is provided at its base with the support strip 18 for holding the device on a piece of furniture. It is surmounted by the box 17 which provides protection of the culture medium, by masking it to the view and avoiding that it does not come into contact with the wall. It is equipped with the float 16 moving according to the level of the water, visible on the side of the tank.
Le support de culture 1 renferme un substrat de culture convenant au type de plantes choisies. Il est pourvu de trous sur sa face frontale pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne des plantes, ces trous étant généralement obtenus par une simple incision au moment de l'installation du végétal sur le substrat. Le substrat de culture 1 est hydraté par un apport continu d'eau à l'aide de la mèche 5 en coton hydrophile, plongeant dans le bac du réservoir 4. La mèche 5 se divise en plusieurs brins 6 répartis dans la masse du substrat.The culture support 1 contains a culture substrate that is suitable for the type of plant chosen. It is provided with holes on its front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants, these holes being generally obtained by a simple incision in the moment of plant installation on the substrate. The culture substrate 1 is hydrated by a continuous supply of water using the wick 5 of hydrophilic cotton, immersed in the tank of the tank 4. The wick 5 is divided into several strands 6 distributed in the mass of the substrate.
Comme représenté aux figures 3 et 4, le support de culture 1 comprend une poche 7 en en tissu horticole intissé, perméable à l'air. Elle est aplatie en forme de coussin, cousue sur ses côtés, ne laissant qu'une fente libre pour le passage de la mèche 5. Une ossature 8 s'étend à l'intérieur de la poche dans toute sa largeur.As represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, the culture support 1 comprises a pocket 7 made of non-woven horticultural fabric that is permeable to air. It is flattened in the form of a cushion, sewn on its sides, leaving only a free slot for the passage of the wick 5. A frame 8 extends inside the pocket in all its width.
Comme illustré sur la figure 3, la poche 7 est fermée par une couture 19 de manière à laisser une bande libre. La suspension de la poche 7 est alors assurée par les œillets 20 fixés au niveau de cette bande. L'ossature 8 est constituée de la tringle 18 filant dans une glissière de la partie supérieure de la poche 7.As illustrated in Figure 3, the pocket 7 is closed by a seam 19 so as to leave a free band. The suspension of the pocket 7 is then provided by the eyelets 20 fixed at this band. The frame 8 consists of the rod 18 running in a slide of the upper part of the pocket 7.
La figure 4 montre une ossature 8 plus élaborée, servant de base aux crochets de suspension 9 saillant à l'extérieur de la poche 7. L'ossature 8 comprend la grille 12 de maintien du substrat, s'étendant dans une partie de la poche 7 pour lui conférer une certaine rigidité et empêcher le tassement dudit substrat.FIG. 4 shows a more elaborate framework 8 serving as a base for suspension hooks 9 protruding outside the pocket 7. The frame 8 comprises the grid 12 for holding the substrate, extending in a part of the pocket 7 to give it some rigidity and prevent the settlement of said substrate.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 5, le maintien du substrat est assuré par les tiges 13 pourvues d'une ou de deux palettes 14 placées horizontalement à différentes hauteurs de la poche 7. Les palettes 14 adoptent ici la forme de râteaux dont les dents sont placées horizontalement à différentes hauteurs de la poche 7. L'ossature 8 comporte en outre l'anneau et les ergots 15 pour amarrer les brins 6 de la mèche hydrophile 5.According to another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the support of the substrate is ensured by the rods 13 provided with one or two pallets 14 placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket 7. The pallets 14 here adopt the shape of rakes whose teeth are placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket 7. The frame 8 further comprises the ring and the lugs 15 for mooring the strands 6 of the hydrophilic wick 5.
EXEMPLE 2 - REALISATIONS PARTICULIERESEXAMPLE 2 - SPECIAL ACHIEVEMENTS
Comme indiqué plus haut, on peut assembler plusieurs réservoirs et supports de culture côte à côte, derrière un cadre unique. L'agencement de tels dispositifs doit tenir compte de contraintes dimensionnelles ainsi que du poids final du dispositif. Trois exemples sont détaillés ici. Les cadres sont en bois teinté, les réservoirs en plastique moulé. Les poches sont en polypropylène (dimensions 19,5 x 22 cm). Elles sont remplies de terreau horticole dans lequel est placée une ossature en plastique moulé comme illustrée à la figure 5. La mèche d'hydratation est en coton hydrophile de 1 ,5 cm de diamètre, composée de trois brins de 0,5 cm de diamètre, réalisant un réseau de 90 cm dans chaque poche.As mentioned above, several tanks and culture media can be assembled side by side behind a single frame. The arrangement of such devices must take into account dimensional constraints as well as the final weight of the device. Three examples are detailed here. Frames are stained wood, molded plastic tanks. The pockets are polypropylene (dimensions 19.5 x 22 cm). They are filled with horticultural soil in which is placed a molded plastic frame as shown in Figure 5. The wicking hydration is cotton wool 1.5 cm in diameter, consisting of three strands of 0.5 cm in diameter , realizing a network of 90 cm in each pocket.
1 ) Petit format : 1 unité1) Small size: 1 unit
Dimension du cadre : extérieur 31 x 31 cm intérieur 16 x 16 cm largeur 7,5 cm épaisseur 1 cm minimumFrame size: outside 31 x 31 cm inside 16 x 16 cm width 7,5 cm thickness 1 cm minimum
Bac plastique, 1x1 litre : largeur 21 cm profondeur 8 cm épaisseur 8 cmPlastic container, 1x1 liter: width 21 cm depth 8 cm thickness 8 cm
Caisson de protection hauteur 27 cmProtective box height 27 cm
Poids total avec eau (1 I) : 3,5 kgTotal weight with water (1 I): 3.5 kg
2) Format moyen : 2 unités assemblées2) Average size: 2 assembled units
Dimension du cadre : extérieur 38 x 38 cm intérieur 22 x 22 cm largeur 8 cm épaisseur 1 cm minimumFrame size: outside 38 x 38 cm inside 22 x 22 cm width 8 cm thickness 1 cm minimum
Bacs plastiques, 2x1 litre : largeur 21 cm x 2 profondeur 8 cm épaisseur 8 cmPlastic containers, 2x1 liter: width 21 cm x 2 depth 8 cm thickness 8 cm
Caisson de protection hauteur 27 cmProtective box height 27 cm
Poids total avec eau (2 I) : 6 kgTotal weight with water (2 I): 6 kg
2) Grand format: 4 unités assemblées Dimension du cadre : extérieur 38 x 92 cm intérieur 22 x 76 cm largeur 8 cm épaisseur 1 cm minimum Bacs plastiques, 4x1 litre largeur 21 cm x 4 profondeur 8 cm épaisseur 8 cm2) Large format: 4 assembled units Frame size: outside 38 x 92 cm inside 22 x 76 cm width 8 cm thickness 1 cm minimum Plastic containers, 4x1 liter width 21 cm x 4 depth 8 cm thickness 8 cm
Caisson de protection hauteur 27 cm Poids total avec eau (4 I) 8 kgProtective box height 27 cm Total weight with water (4 I) 8 kg
EXEMPLE 3 - MISE EN CULTUREEXAMPLE 3 - CULTURE
Les prototypes utilisés pour les expérimentations ont un bac d'une contenance de 1 à 3 litres, ce qui assure une autonomie variant de 3 à 10 jours en fonction des conditions environnantes (notamment la chaleur). Les sacs utilisés contiennent 1 ,3 litre de substrat dans chacun desquels 3 à 6 plantes ont été placées. La surveillance de la bonne hydratation des végétaux est réduite au strict minimum : il suffit de maintenir de l'eau dans le bac.The prototypes used for the experiments have a tank of a capacity of 1 to 3 liters, which ensures a range of autonomy from 3 to 10 days depending on the surrounding conditions (including heat). The used bags contain 1, 3 liter of substrate in each of which 3 to 6 plants were placed. The monitoring of the good hydration of the plants is reduced to the strict minimum: it is enough to maintain water in the tank.
Les essais ont été réalisés sur diverses espèces végétales communément utilisées en ornementation. Ils ont permis de mettre en évidence une bonne adaptation des plantes. Plus de 90 variétés ont été implantées dans le dispositif, en combinaisons diverses. Après 6 mois, seules quelques plantes ont dépéri, ce qui a pu être attribué à des motifs indépendants du dispositif inventif en lui-même : soit à un substrat inadapté soit à un voisinage incompatible avec d'autres plantes. C'est donc un taux de réussite supérieur à 95% qui est constaté, plus élevé que celui obtenu communément pour des cultures traditionnelles. The tests were carried out on various plant species commonly used in ornamentation. They allowed to highlight a good adaptation of the plants. More than 90 varieties have been implanted in the device, in various combinations. After 6 months, only a few plants died, which could be attributed to reasons independent of the inventive device itself: either an unsuitable substrate or a neighborhood incompatible with other plants. It is therefore a success rate greater than 95% that is found, higher than that commonly obtained for traditional crops.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1.- Dispositif à vocation décorative pour la culture verticale de végétaux caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : i) un support de culture (1 ) renfermant un substrat de culture (1 1 ), et pourvu de trous sur sa face frontale pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne des plantes, ii) un cadre rigide (2) s'étendant dans un plan sensiblement vertical, délimitant une fenêtre (3) devant la face frontale dudit support de culture, et iii) un réservoir d'eau (4), ledit support de culture étant placé au-dessus dudit réservoir d'eau, et comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile (5) s'étendant depuis le substrat de culture jusqu'au bac du réservoir d'eau.1.- Device for decorative purposes for the vertical culture of plants characterized in that it comprises: i) a culture support (1) enclosing a culture substrate (1 1), and provided with holes on its front face for the deployment of the aerial part of the plants, ii) a rigid frame (2) extending in a substantially vertical plane, delimiting a window (3) in front of the front face of said culture support, and iii) a water reservoir (4). ), said culture support being placed above said water tank, and comprising at least one hydrophilic wick (5) extending from the culture substrate to the tank of the water tank.
2.- Dispositif selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une mèche hydrophile (5) est divisée en plusieurs brins (6) répartis dans la masse du substrat (1 1 ).2.- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one hydrophilic wick (5) is divided into several strands (6) distributed in the mass of the substrate (1 1).
3.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le support de culture (1 ) comprend une poche (7) en matériau souple ou rigide, aplatie en forme de coussin, l'une des deux faces sensiblement planes constituant la face frontale par laquelle se déploie la partie aérienne des plantes.3.- Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the culture medium (1) comprises a pocket (7) of flexible or rigid material, flattened in the form of a cushion, one of the two sides substantially planes constituting the frontal face by which the aerial part of the plants unfolds.
4.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que la poche (7) est réalisée en un matériau souple perméable à l'air.4.- Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the pocket (7) is made of a flexible material permeable to air.
5.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le support de culture (1 ) comporte des moyens de fixation amovible au cadre (2).5.- Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the culture medium (1) comprises removable fixing means to the frame (2).
6.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que le support de culture (1 ) comporte des moyens de suspension coopérant avec des moyens complémentaires ménagés sur la face arrière du cadre (2).6.- Device according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the culture medium (1) comprises suspension means cooperating with complementary means provided on the rear face of the frame (2).
7.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le support de culture (1 ) comprend une ossature (8) s'étendant à l'intérieur de la poche (7) dans sa largeur. 7.- Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the culture medium (1) comprises a frame (8) extending inside the pocket (7) in its width.
8.- Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'ossature (8) est munie de crochets (9) qui font saillie à l'extérieur de la poche (7) pour assurer la suspension du support de culture (1 ).8.- Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the frame (8) is provided with hooks (9) which protrude outside the pocket (7) to ensure the suspension of the culture medium (1) .
9.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'ossature (8) comprend en outre des organes de maintien du substrat, aptes à empêcher le tassement dudit substrat dans la partie inférieure de la poche (7).9.- Device according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the frame (8) further comprises substrate holding members, adapted to prevent settlement of said substrate in the lower part of the pocket (7). ).
10.- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les organes de maintien du substrat sont formés d'une grille (12) s'étendant dans une partie ou dans la totalité de la poche (7).10.- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the substrate holding members are formed of a grid (12) extending in a part or in the entire pocket (7).
1 1.- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les organes de maintien du substrat sont formés de tiges (13) pourvues de palettes (14) placées horizontalement à différentes hauteurs de la poche.1 1.- Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the substrate holding members are formed of rods (13) provided with pallets (14) placed horizontally at different heights of the pocket.
12.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 1 1 , caractérisé en ce que l'ossature (8) comprend en outre des moyens d'amarrage (15) de ladite au moins une mèche hydrophile (5) et des brins (6) qui en sont issus.12.- Device according to one of claims 7 to 1 1, characterized in that the frame (8) further comprises means for docking (15) said at least one hydrophilic wick (5) and strands ( 6) that come from it.
13.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le réservoir (4) est doté d'un organe indicateur (16) du niveau d'eau.13.- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reservoir (4) is provided with an indicator member (16) of the water level.
14.- Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : i) au moins deux supports de culture (1 ) renfermant un substrat de culture, pourvus de trous sur leur face frontale pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne des plantes et comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile (5), ii) autant de réservoirs d'eau (4), placés chacun au-dessous d'un desdits supports de culture, lesdits au moins deux supports de culture étant placés côte à côte de sorte que leur face frontale soit dans un même plan, et iii) un cadre rigide (2) délimitant une fenêtre unique (3) dans un plan sensiblement vertical autour du plan frontal défini par lesdits supports de culture. 14.- Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises: i) at least two culture media (1) enclosing a culture substrate, provided with holes on their front face for the deployment of the part aerial plant and comprising at least one hydrophilic wick (5), ii) as many water tanks (4), each placed below one of said culture media, said at least two culture media being placed side by side. rib so that their front face is in the same plane, and iii) a rigid frame (2) defining a single window (3) in a substantially vertical plane around the frontal plane defined by said culture media.
15.- Dispositif selon l'une quelconques des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un ou plusieurs des moyens suivants :15.- Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises one or more of the following means:
- un caisson de protection (17) du support de culture (1 ) à l'arrière du cadre (2), doté de moyens d'aération ; - des moyens de soutien du dispositif posé en position verticale ou légèrement inclinée ;- a protective box (17) of the culture support (1) at the rear of the frame (2), provided with aeration means; means for supporting the device placed in a vertical or slightly inclined position;
- des moyens de fixation du dispositif à un mur ;means for fixing the device to a wall;
- des moyens d'assemblage de deux ou plusieurs dispositifs côte à côte.means for assembling two or more devices side by side.
16.- Procédé de culture verticale de végétaux à l'aide d'un dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend essentiellement les étapes consistant à : a)- installer des plantes sur un support de culture (1 ) renfermant un substrat de culture et pourvu de trous pour le déploiement de la partie aérienne desdites plantes, ledit support comportant au moins une mèche hydrophile (5) s'étendant depuis le substrat de culture vers l'extérieur, b)- associer ledit support de culture à un cadre rigide (2) dans un plan sensiblement vertical, au-dessus d'un réservoir d'eau (4), de sorte que ledit cadre délimite une fenêtre (3) devant la face dudit support de culture portant la partie aérienne desdites plantes, ladite face constituant alors la face frontale du support de culture, c)- remplir ledit réservoir d'eau et faire tremper ladite mèche dans l'eau.16. A method of vertically growing plants using a device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it essentially comprises the steps of: a) - planting plants on a culture medium ( 1) enclosing a culture substrate and provided with holes for the deployment of the aerial part of said plants, said support comprising at least one hydrophilic wick (5) extending from the culture substrate to the outside, b) - associating said culture support to a rigid frame (2) in a substantially vertical plane, above a water tank (4), so that said frame defines a window (3) in front of the face of said culture support carrying the aerial part of said plants, said face then constituting the front face of the culture support, c) - filling said reservoir with water and soaking said wick in water.
17.- Procédé de culture selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'étape a) comprend une phase de préculture des végétaux dans ledit support de culture. 17. A culture method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that step a) comprises a preculture phase of the plants in said culture medium.
EP08861319A 2007-12-18 2008-12-09 Live plant box Withdrawn EP2222151A1 (en)

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FR0708839A FR2924897B1 (en) 2007-12-18 2007-12-18 LIVING VEGETABLE TABLE.
PCT/EP2008/067069 WO2009077379A1 (en) 2007-12-18 2008-12-09 Live plant box

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EA201070767A1 (en) 2011-02-28
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FR2924897A1 (en) 2009-06-19
AU2008337673B2 (en) 2013-09-05
US20100313473A1 (en) 2010-12-16
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JP2011505852A (en) 2011-03-03

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