EP2217365A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur plasma-reformierung von brennstoff für triebwerksanwendungen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur plasma-reformierung von brennstoff für triebwerksanwendungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2217365A1 EP2217365A1 EP08850750A EP08850750A EP2217365A1 EP 2217365 A1 EP2217365 A1 EP 2217365A1 EP 08850750 A EP08850750 A EP 08850750A EP 08850750 A EP08850750 A EP 08850750A EP 2217365 A1 EP2217365 A1 EP 2217365A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- fuel
- combustion
- expansion nozzle
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3484—Convergent-divergent nozzles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2245/00—Applications of plasma devices
- H05H2245/10—Treatment of gases
- H05H2245/17—Exhaust gases
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for plasma reforming fuel, in particular kerosene, for engine applications.
- the engine industry partially enforces two-stage combustion with "hot pilot combustion” and a downstream “colder main combustion” to significantly reduce NO x emissions.
- the NO x production is favored in particular by high combustion temperatures. It is therefore a method is sought, with which it is possible to reduce the combustion temperature and in particular temperature peaks in the combustion while at the same time as far as possible complete combustion of the fuel (also with respect to carbon particles).
- the object of the present invention is thus to provide a method which, when the fuel used is completely combusted, reduces the combustion temperature and in particular temperature peaks.
- the objective object is solved by the aspects of the present invention which are defined in the independent patent claims.
- Advantageous developments are set forth in the dependent claims.
- the objective object is achieved in a first aspect by a method for plasma reforming of fuel, in particular kerosene, in which fuel first in an expansion nozzle (3) transferred to the plasma state and then further fuel is injected into the plasma, to be split in the heat into components such as CO, C and H.
- the method according to the first aspect of the present invention has the advantages that the elementary and / or low molecular weight components of the fuel produced in the plasma burn completely even at reduced temperatures of about 1000 ° C.
- the objective object is achieved by a device (1) for plasma reforming of fuel, in particular kerosene, which has an expansion nozzle (3) with adjoining combustion chamber (5), wherein the expansion nozzle (3) is connected to a conduit (7) is connected to a hollow waveguide (11) and nozzles (13) which connect to an energy source (9) so that a plasma flame (15) can be generated in the expansion nozzle (3) and the combustion chamber (5) is connected to air nozzles (17), so that a combustion flame (19) can be generated.
- the apparatus (1) according to the second aspect of the present invention has advantages in that, by being shaped like a water-jet pump, the fuel in the plasma state expands extremely rapidly through the expansion nozzle (3) and thereby attracts the combustion air so that it does not comes to pump in the compressor of an engine.
- the device is relatively small and can be used well for engine applications.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a device (1) according to the invention for plasma reforming of fuel, such as kerosene.
- the fuel is passed through the line (7) to the inlet of the expansion nozzle (3).
- Energy is expelled via a hollow waveguide (11) an energy source (9) for generating the plasma state supplied.
- an energy source 9 for generating the plasma state supplied.
- the plasma reforming according to the invention preferably requires a high-pressure thermal plasma, for example an arc discharge or advantageously a microwave plasma.
- the resulting plasma flame (15) is then injected through nozzles (13) further fuel, in particular kerosene, to be split in the heat in components such as CO, C and H.
- further fuel in particular kerosene
- the elementary and / or low molecular weight components in the highly ionized state can completely burn even at low temperatures than in conventional propellant levels, preferably at about 1000 0 C.
- the plasma flame (15) is expanded at high speed into the combustion chamber (5). Due to this high velocity of the highly ionized constituents in the plasma flame (15), the combustion chamber (5) adjoining the expansion nozzle (3) can be used like a water jet pump. As a result, the intake of the air necessary for combustion from the air nozzles (17) takes place without additional means for supplying air. In addition to the lower equipment costs, it also prevents unwanted pumping in the compressor.
- the combustion taking place in the combustion chamber (5) takes place completely even at reduced temperatures of about 1000 ° C., since the plasma state of the fuel (consisting essentially of ions and free-radical hydrocarbon) Fragments) requires a significantly lower activation energy for combustion., Preferably, the combustion takes place at extreme excess air.
- the inventive method for plasma reforming of fuel such as kerosene
- the formation of NO x is significantly reduced by lowering the combustion temperature to about 1000 0 C in particular.
- only part of the fuel is converted to the plasma state by the energy from the energy source (9).
- the remaining fuel is split by the generated plasma itself into its elemental and / or low molecular weight constituents. Therefore, the energy used can be significantly reduced and the size of the power source (9) can be remarkably reduced.
- the device of the present invention can be made smaller by the smaller expenditure on equipment (for example, missing pumps for the combustion air).
- Another advantage is the connection of the markedly reduced energy source (9) via a waveguide (11) with the expansion nozzle (3).
- the waveguide (11) is a decentralized arrangement of the power source (9).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007054967A DE102007054967A1 (de) | 2007-11-17 | 2007-11-17 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Plasma-Reformierung von Brennstoff für Triebwerksanwendungen |
| PCT/DE2008/001862 WO2009062485A1 (de) | 2007-11-17 | 2008-11-12 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur plasma-reformierung von brennstoff für triebwerksanwendungen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2217365A1 true EP2217365A1 (de) | 2010-08-18 |
| EP2217365B1 EP2217365B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
Family
ID=40344927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08850750A Not-in-force EP2217365B1 (de) | 2007-11-17 | 2008-11-12 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur plasma-reformierung von brennstoff für triebwerksanwendungen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8974645B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2217365B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007054967A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009062485A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013016660A1 (de) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-09 | Ralf Spitzl | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur plasmakatalytischen Umsetzung von Stoffen |
| US11633710B2 (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2023-04-25 | Transform Materials Llc | Systems and methods for processing gases |
| CN112867702B (zh) | 2018-08-23 | 2024-07-26 | 转化材料有限公司 | 处理气体的系统和方法 |
| CN113446129B (zh) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-09-30 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | 一种中小推力火箭发动机高效稳定燃烧喷注器 |
| CN115822816B (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-06-20 | 北京交通大学 | 基于喷雾与微波协同点火的液体单组元推力器 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4345527A (en) * | 1980-07-14 | 1982-08-24 | Marchand William C | Solid fuel particle and air fuel control device |
| US5437250A (en) | 1993-08-20 | 1995-08-01 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Plasmatron-internal combustion engine system |
| US5887554A (en) | 1996-01-19 | 1999-03-30 | Cohn; Daniel R. | Rapid response plasma fuel converter systems |
| FR2757499B1 (fr) | 1996-12-24 | 2001-09-14 | Etievant Claude | Generateur d'hydrogene |
| FR2758317B1 (fr) | 1997-01-13 | 1999-09-17 | Piotr Czernichowski | Conversion d'hydrocarbures assistee par les arcs electriques glissants en presence de la vapeur d'eau et/ou de gaz carbonique |
| WO1999011572A1 (en) | 1997-09-01 | 1999-03-11 | Laxarco Holding Limited | Electrically assisted partial oxidation of light hydrocarbons by oxygen |
| AU7823300A (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2001-01-31 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Plasma reforming and partial oxidation of hydrocarbon fuel vapor to produce synthesis gas and/or hydrogen gas |
| AU2906401A (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-07-03 | Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc | Hydrogen and elemental carbon production from natural gas and other hydrocarbons |
| US20030047146A1 (en) | 2001-09-10 | 2003-03-13 | Daniel Michael J. | Plasmatron-internal combustion engine system having an independent electrical power source |
| US6651597B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-25 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Plasmatron having an air jacket and method for operating the same |
| FR2872149B1 (fr) | 2004-06-28 | 2007-10-19 | Physiques Sarl Et Chimiques | Conversion plasma-catalytique de matieres carbonees |
| FR2873306A1 (fr) * | 2004-07-26 | 2006-01-27 | Physiques Sarl Et Chimiques | Generateur electrique et son application a l'oxydation totale ou partielle de carburants |
| US20070187372A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Alexander Rabinovich | High enthalpy low power plasma reformer |
| ATE513787T1 (de) * | 2006-04-07 | 2011-07-15 | Qinetiq Ltd | Produktion von wasserstoff |
| US20080296294A1 (en) * | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Han Sup Uhm | Pure steam torch by microwaves for reforming of hydrocarbon fuels |
-
2007
- 2007-11-17 DE DE102007054967A patent/DE102007054967A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-12 WO PCT/DE2008/001862 patent/WO2009062485A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-12 EP EP08850750A patent/EP2217365B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-11-12 US US12/742,982 patent/US8974645B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009062485A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US8974645B2 (en) | 2015-03-10 |
| DE102007054967A1 (de) | 2009-05-20 |
| US20100294647A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
| WO2009062485A1 (de) | 2009-05-22 |
| EP2217365B1 (de) | 2012-08-15 |
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