EP2214141A1 - Method for increasing interference and transmission safety when providing data by means of wireless, in particular high frequency, networks for controlling, programming, monitoring and evaluating closing assemblies with electromechanical actuation - Google Patents

Abstract

The profiled cylinder lock has a cylinder housing and at least one key-operated core or insert or bit. A number of pin holders are within the housing, which are moved into the release position by electromagnetic actuators. The actuators are activated remotely. At least one end side of the cylinder insert is of a ceramic material or a ceramic cap, which is fitted with a positive and/or material bonding. The outer side of the ceramic cap has an insertion profile matching the structure of the key, and holds an electronic receiver and/or transmitter with a power supply connection. The transceiver can be an integrated circuit or a hybrid assembly for electronic signal processing and actuator control.

Description

The invention relates to a method for increasing the interference and transmission reliability in the provision of data by means of wireless, in particular high-frequency networks, for the control, programming, monitoring and evaluation of locking systems with electromechanical actuation according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

As cylinder locks mortise locks are referred to, which are equipped with a lock cylinder. Lock cylinders themselves are manufactured in a variety of forms, materials and dimensions. Known forms are here oval cylinder, round cylinder or profile cylinder. A lock cylinder itself consists of a housing and a rotatable cylinder core or cylinder insert.

In general, lock at least five pairs of pins in a row the cylinder core relative to the housing. By inserting the key, the differently shaped pins are pressed into a plane and release a parting line. Thus, the cylinder core can be rotated relative to the housing.

Also known are magnetic locks, which have several tumblers, which must then be unlocked individually according to the lock code, so that the bolt is actuated. Magnetic locks are known sliding magnets, rotary magnets or wobble pins. The operation is based on the principle of attraction and repulsion. The magnetic pens unlock only when a matching counterpole is present on the key. In the principle of rotary magnets, the pins are turned by the key and release a mechanism, if the right one Position exists. In so-called Taumelstiften different pins must be placed with a magnetic key in the correct position so that there is a fit with respect to a template. The disadvantage of magnetic keys is the possibility of copying, since the essential functions of the key can be identified and imitated by analyzing it.

In the operation of wireless building surveillance systems, there is a need to protect them against jamming or other manipulative interference in radio communications. So far, very complex authentication and coding methods are used, which in many cases lead to the bandwidth of the data actually to be transmitted being reduced or the data transmission time increasing.

In the case of a high-frequency data transmission, there is also the danger that the authenticated code can be decrypted by deliberate interception of a successful signal transmission and subsequent signature analysis, with the consequence of then possible intervention in the network and the transmission of manipulated data.

Also include jammers to the prior art, which have the task of preventing data traffic over a radio link, even within closed buildings, but at least to affect. As a rule, these jammers are housed outside the building or are spent to disrupt the data transfer of people in the building and installed there in various places, such as sanitary facilities. A location of such jamming is difficult due to the multiple field distortions within the building and usually requires a shutdown of the regular data transmission operation.

In particular, in the operation of electromagnetic locking systems with central locking control, programming and data transmission by wireless means that there is a need to make the corresponding transmission links tamper-proof and highly reliable.

From the above-described disadvantages of the prior art, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a further developed method for increasing the interference and transmission reliability in the provision of data by means of wireless, in particular high-frequency networks, in particular for the control, programming, monitoring and evaluation of Locking systems with electromechanical actuation is suitable. With the method to be created, it is intended to make it possible to increase the transmission reliability without the need to implement complicated coding and decoding algorithms, which moreover frequently have to be changed.

The object of the invention is achieved by a method in its definition according to claim 1, wherein the dependent claims represent at least expedient refinements and developments.

It is assumed that a normal standard profile lock cylinder, wherein the pin tumblers are movable over located in the cylinder core or in the cylinder insert electromagnetic actuators in a release position, wherein the activation of the actuators preferably takes place wirelessly.

Furthermore, at least one of the end faces of the cylinder jacket made of a ceramic material or with a ceramic cap form and / or non-positively and / or materially connected.

The outside of the cap may have a driving profile or a driving recess which corresponds with the shape of a mating key. However, the actuation of the tumblers is not done via the key, but the above-mentioned electromagnetic actuator. Only the execution of the rotational movement to the manner known per se adjusting the Schließbarts is realized with the aid of the key, i. It is here a usual handling of the key possible.

The key may be in the form of a passive or active transponder key capable of issuing encoded information on request that corresponds to a locking authorization.

Quasi superordinate, the state of the locks in a locking system with respect to the closing times is queried by a wireless communication system or even restricted or extended access rights.

The ceramic cap, which also acts as an advantageous drilling protection in addition to its substrate function for electronic components of the profile lock cylinder, can now be embodied as an antenna element or antenna radiator, in which case the dielectric properties of the ceramic are used.

Furthermore, an integrated circuit or a hybrid arrangement of electronic components for the decoding of signals and the actuation of the electromagnetic actuators can be introduced into the ceramic.

The ceramic cap is used for capacitive, inductive, but also for galvanic current transmission, for example, to load a secondary element (accumulator) located in the cylinder core.

The cap may be substantially hemispherical in shape and has e.g. slit-shaped opening for receiving the already mentioned antenna radiator and / or for indirect coupling with the key or the key tip.

The slot-shaped opening serves for the positive force transmission of the rotary movement with the key after release of the tumblers to the cam.

In terms of a positive, low energy balance of the overall arrangement is proposed after the release of the tumblers by actuation of the electromagnetic actuators during execution of the rotational movement of the cylinder insert or cylinder core, the actuator power off until the end of the opening process. To fix after release the pin tumblers in the appropriate position, an annular coupling part can be provided, the slot-shaped opening after completion of the closing movement returns to its original position, so that the known spring-loaded pin tumblers meet their blocking function again.

A cylinder core is designed to receive the aforementioned primary or secondary element.

In particular, the power supply is designed as a rechargeable battery and embedded in the cylinder core. The battery can rotate with the core of the cylinder and is completely in the standard cylinder housing. It thus forms the cylinder core the battery case, which in turn carries at the ends of the electronic assemblies and a special end cap.

The control and evaluation is mounted on a flexible wiring support, wherein the flexible wiring substrate in the intermediate space between the two, separated cylinder cores is quasi accommodated by folding in a confined space. This folded flexible board is placed directly under the locking lug and contacts the battery and in the event of an emergency release separable cylinder cores via springs or similar contact elements on the board, for example, have the shape of ears or pads.

For example, the lock cylinder in the cylinder core carries a miniaturized gyroscope, i. a special motion sensor that detects rotations, shocks and accelerations. In this way, a system realized thereby is able to recognize the locking state, the closure state and / or a break-in attempt on the cylinder. Furthermore, e.g. the knock on the door can be recognized as a sign, for example, to turn on an intercom or video intercom. Likewise, a specific programming operation of the electronics could be triggered by targeted knocking in the event of a lost key.

Further ausgestaltend the actuators can be arranged standing in the cylinder core, so that they act against recessed in the housing locking pins. The actuators require by this special design only as long as a switching or actuating current, as the actuators face the locking pins. Once the cylinder core is turned with the key, the power can be switched off and thus the source of energy as a resource can be spared. This is particularly relevant when immersion coils are used as actuators.

A particularly efficient embodiment of the actuators, in addition to the solution, which is due to magnets or plunger coils, the use of shape memory thermal metal alloys, which are heated by a brief shock current change and thus push against the locking pins and can move them. With suitable insulation and targeted overheating, a two-speed lock can be ensured with a single current pulse, since the cooling and recovery takes several seconds, according to the hysteresis of the shape memory alloys. As a result, the power consumption is halved compared to solutions of the prior art.

As already mentioned, the end caps of the electronic cylinder are made of ceramic material. These ceramic caps can be further functional elements such as contact pins and balls for galvanic contacting and reading the key data, pins and contact balls for galvanically triggering the reset function, contact pins and contact balls for galvanic contacting of the electrodes during charging of the secondary element and an antenna for transmitting Have radio signals.

Furthermore, the ceramic may be vapor-deposited with a supporting copper layer and an overlying decorative metal layer.

As a drilling protection, the cylinder core carries a thin metal plate, which has a very hard carbon layer on both sides by a carbonitriding process, which offers the desired protection against tapping attempts. The housing in turn is protected by special ceramic rods, which are placed between the locking pins, against drilling the two inner locking pins.

The lock cylinder in turn can be mechanically decoupled so that the directed towards the inside of a door core still movable and thus rotation of the locking lug is possible, while the directed to the front of the door core, for example due to a power failure, can not be unlocked.

According to the invention, the receivers addressed via the network in terms of the method have at least two active and mutually spaced antennas of predetermined directivity and / or sensitivity.

The necessary for data transmission and legitimized transmission facilities including required repeaters are installed at predetermined locations or operated at such locations.

In a quasi-calibration mode, the reception levels and / or the angles of incidence at the respective receiver antennas are determined and stored receiver-related for later authentication of the respective transmitting device on the receiver side or in a higher-level evaluation unit.

In the then regular data transmission, the stored standard levels and / or standard angles of incidence are compared with the respective current transmission values, wherein a data transmission release takes place depending on the degree of agreement from the comparison step.

The inventive method makes use of the fact that in particular within buildings due to the very specific high-frequency properties there is a defined field distribution, for example, depends on the type of building wall material, the arrangement of window surfaces, the formation of metallic door frames, the Structure and distribution of metallic piping and so on. This field distribution and propagation of high-frequency radiation, which is dependent on the dielectric and other field-influencing criteria and which originates from transmitting devices that are operated at defined locations, represents a typical non-artificially generated environment image is now a jammer or a third party outside the Building active or within of the building at locations outside the defined local coordinates put into operation, then results in a modified high-frequency distribution distribution image at the respective receiver, with the result that an authentication is not possible and a data transfer or manipulation is prevented.

In a development of the method, the transmitting antennas can also have a defined directional characteristic in order, on the one hand, to achieve typical field distribution images, but on the other hand, to take care of this. that a sufficient reception field strength is ensured at the location of the respective receiver antennas.

In a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the spaced antennas are arranged in end caps of cylinder cores of a profile lock cylinder, wherein a first antenna inside and a second antenna is positioned outside the space to be secured by means of a window, a door or the like. This results in a field distribution inside / outside the space concerned solely due to the damping properties of the space-occluding element, e.g. a door made of metal or having a dielectric material property different from that of the surrounding masonry.

In any case, it is ensured that the transmission signal of a jammer, even if an existing enciphering has already been decrypted, is ignored by the respective radio network, since the jammer for the individual participants of the network does not provide appropriate signal level pattern or directional pattern.

The invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment and with the aid of figures.

Hereby show:

Fig. 1

An exemplary embodiment of the design of the lock cylinder with a coupling or tumbler element according to the moving magnet principle;

Fig. 2

an embodiment of the lock cylinder with a coupling element according to the voice coil principle;

Fig. 3

a cross section through the profile cylinder with coupling element for low-energy operation;

Fig. 4

Top view and side view of a profile lock cylinder with ceramic end caps and an exemplary key transponder;

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a high-frequency transmission system with two antennas and

Fig. 6

a likewise schematic representation of an antenna system using the example of an electromechanical or electromagnetic lock cylinder with two antennas, which are housed in end pieces of the cylinder, which are preferably made of ceramic.

With the profile lock cylinder and a related locking system according to the embodiment is resorted to an electromagnetically actuated Stiftzuhaltung, the corresponding lock cylinder can be used via an associated electronics for a flexible programmable locking system or access control.

In one embodiment, there is the possibility that a local radio network controls the respective, appropriately programmed lock cylinders. In this case, the transponder key can also fulfill an additional function for improving the security of locking, for example such that access is granted to certain persons within the scope of a general release of the locking device. In addition, there is the possibility that a time tracking is performed by querying the data from the key transponder, which provides the ability to check or control the services of security and security companies.

The basic shape of the profile cylinder corresponds to the standard design and it is the electronic components of the lock cylinder or additionally provided sensors that interact with the actuators, running independently of the mains and provided with a high-performance battery or a rechargeable battery.

The communication with the control electronics for the electromagnetic actuators is wireless, for example via a high-frequency link. Since the existing for safety reasons of a metallic material profile lock cylinder housing for high-frequency radiation is not permeable, it is necessary to provide a corresponding radiator outside the housing.

For this purpose, recourse is made to a ceramic cap or a ceramic end piece of the cylinder cores. These ceramic materials are suitable because of their tunable dielectric properties to form an electrically effective component of an antenna radiator. In addition, such a ceramic cap or a ceramic end has a high resistance to drilling.

In an advantageous embodiment, the actual locking mechanism is based on the arrangement of a series of metallic pins, which protrude from the cylinder body in the inner rotary cylinder and push there into openings provided or a gap. The locking pins or tumblers are spring loaded or arranged on springs and can be moved so far that they no longer bump into the range of rotation of the rotating cylinder core.

Inside the cylinder core is located above the locking pins an arrangement of one or more electromagnetically actuated actuators.

In an advantageous embodiment, these actuators are designed as a moving coil (voice coil system) or as a moving magnet (moving magnet).

When energized, the actuators push or push the locking pin or pins against the oppositely acting spring force out of the cylinder core openings so that the rotary cylinder, i. the cylinder core can rotate freely. After switching off the energization of the pin or the respective tumbler engages again in the opening of the rotary cylinder, as soon as it is rotated in the corresponding position above the pin.

This locking mechanism allows in contrast to conventional electronic coupling systems an extremely low-energy drive, since in principle only current must flow when the opening of the cylinder core or rotor is positioned directly above the locking pins. In addition, this proposed coupling system offers Maintaining common designs and a high integration density of the mechanotronic components.

As explained, the ceramic end pieces of the cylinder serve to protect against break-open attempts and at the same time are permeable to capacitive, inductive or high-frequency signals.

Furthermore, the terminal pieces of the rotors may have longitudinal slots, which allow insertion of the mechanical key for rotation of the rotor. In addition, the slots are equipped, for example, with capacitive, inductive and / or radio transmitting and receiving devices, in particular an antenna, which enable secure signal transmission and identification of the key.

In the same sense, it is possible to design the ceramic end pieces for transmitting electrical energy for the purpose of charging the secondary element (s).

For increased security requirements, the key may include a biometric identification reader that additionally authenticates the key of the key.

For emergencies, it is possible to manually unlock the inner cylinder core, i. It can be made by pulling the core out of the housing manual unlocking even in case of failure of the electronics.

Fig. 1 shows in longitudinal and cross-sectional representation of the various states when activating the tumblers, which are designed as locking pins e. These locking pins e are located in the lower profile part of the closing cylinder a. Furthermore, ceramic end caps b provided on the open side of the cylinder core can be seen.

By means of the magnet c or a ferromagnetic core c can be moved by energizing the coil d of the respective locking pin b in its release position, so that it is possible to convert by turning the cylinder core the cam in such a position that the respective lock is released.

According to the embodiment Fig. 2 is assumed by a moving coil, on the change in position, the position of the respective pins e for releasing is changeable.

According to the cross-sectional view according to Fig. 3 is again assumed by a lock cylinder a, which has in its interior the rotating cylinder core b.

The actuator c can press the locking pin d to change the position with the result that the coupling part with slot opening, as shown in the figure, is unlocked. Until the completion of the rotational movement and to obtain the original position based on the position of the slot in the coupling part, the power supply to the actuator c can be interrupted.

According to Fig. 4 , Which shows a top view and a side view of a profile locking cylinder according to the embodiment, longitudinal slots d are introduced in the end pieces c of ceramic material, which receive a corresponding tip of a key e with key transponder f. In the ceramic end piece c is a radio transmitting and receiving device h and / or a capacitive transmitting and receiving device g.

According to Fig. 5 is initially assumed by an authorized transceiver a, which has two spaced antennas c. In the transmission mode of the transmitter b legitimized as the remote station, the transceiver a receives a specific signal level field with a specific signal direction, which is symbolized by the curve e.

A jammer b located elsewhere leads to a transmission signal e with a changed course, with the result that an effective data transmission and manipulation is prevented, since within the transceiver a, this external signal was recognized as such.

According to Fig. 6 is a lock cylinder a in the form of a profile cylinder within a door c befindlich. The door separates an interior space from an exterior space of a wall d. The legitimate remote station e leads to a transmission signal g with different levels and different directional characteristics.

An activated at another location jammer f gives a waveform of other characteristics, again with the result that the jammer detected and signal transmission is prevented.

The spaced antennas can in the embodiment according to Fig. 6 be accommodated in end caps b of the respective cylinder cores of the profile cylinder. These end caps can preferably be made of a ceramic material offering additional protection against drilling up, for example in the form of a hemisphere. The ceramic material here has at the same time a defined dielectric with respect to a radiator layer structure of the respective antenna.

Claims (3)

Method for increasing interference and transmission reliability in the provision of data by means of wireless, in particular high-frequency networks for the control, programming, monitoring and evaluation of locking systems with electromechanical actuation,
characterized in that
the receivers addressed via the network have at least two spaced-apart antennas of predetermined directivity and / or sensitivity, which are installed and / or operated at predetermined locations for transmission of data as well as legitimized transmitting devices including repeaters,
the reception levels and / or angles of incidence are determined in the legitimated transmission mode and are stored receiver-related for later authentication of the respective transmission device on the receiver side or in a higher-level evaluation device,
for each renewed data transmission, the stored standard levels and / or standard angles of incidence are compared with the respectively current received values, wherein a data transmission enable takes place depending on the degree of agreement from the comparison step. Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the antennas are arranged in end caps of cylinder cores of a profile lock cylinder, wherein a first antenna inside and a second antenna is positioned outside the space to be secured by means of window, door or the like and radiates. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
at least one intended transmitting antenna has a defined directional characteristic.

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