EP2206876A1 - Drilling head for drilling machine - Google Patents

Drilling head for drilling machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2206876A1
EP2206876A1 EP09179620A EP09179620A EP2206876A1 EP 2206876 A1 EP2206876 A1 EP 2206876A1 EP 09179620 A EP09179620 A EP 09179620A EP 09179620 A EP09179620 A EP 09179620A EP 2206876 A1 EP2206876 A1 EP 2206876A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
face
drill head
drilling
pad
head
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP09179620A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2206876B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Marc Sabatie
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Soletanche Freyssinet SA
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Publication of EP2206876A1 publication Critical patent/EP2206876A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
    • E21B7/201—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes with helical conveying means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drilling head for a drilling machine, a drilling machine using said head and tunnel digging equipment using said drilling machine.
  • the invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to the drilling of small-sized tunnels and more particularly to the drilling of blind cells with a diameter of about 700 mm to 750 mm or more generally less than one meter intended in particular for the underground storage of waste in which the containers must be interposed.
  • a first object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine drill head of the type mentioned above which effectively makes it possible to carry out a correction of the drilling trajectory in all directions and which can operate with or without the use of tubes. sinking.
  • the drill head comprises four adjustment pads angularly offset by 90 degrees.
  • the displacement means are cylinders, each jack being associated with a setting pad and being controllable.
  • the drill head is characterized in that said flared shape of the first portion of the shell is substantially a frustoconical surface portion, in that the sliding face of each pad is substantially frustoconical and in that the face contacting each pad in the form of a cylindrical surface portion whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft to come into contact with the wall of the borehole or a sinking tube.
  • the drilling head is characterized in that said rotating shaft is provided on its outer face with a blade in the form of a helix for transferring the cuttings.
  • the drilling head is characterized in that the outer edge of said blade is shaped in the form of said outer ring.
  • a second object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine using a drill head of the type mentioned above.
  • the drilling machine is characterized in that it comprises a drill head comprising all or some of the features set out above and an extension connected to the second end of the outer ring of the drill head by a rigid connection.
  • the drilling machine is characterized in that said transmission shaft is provided with an outer surface of a helical blade.
  • a third object of the invention is to provide a tunnel digging equipment which implements a drilling machine of the type comprising all or part of the characteristics listed above.
  • the equipment is characterized in that , in the active position, the contact face of said adjustment pad (s) is in contact with the internal face of said sinking tubes.
  • FIG. 1 the set of blind tunneling equipment according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described.
  • cylindrical steel rods 10 installed in the tunnel 12 as it is drilled and a drilling machine 14 consisting essentially of a drill head 16 and an extension 18.
  • L all of the equipment furthermore comprises means for exerting a thrust on the drilling machine, these means being of standard type and not being represented on the machine.
  • Thrust means preferably include the motor for rotating the cutting head of the drilling machine.
  • the drilling head 16 consists essentially of a cylindrical outer shell 20 which comprises a flared end portion 22, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, the diameter of which increases as it approaches the end of the head. and a cylindrical shell of substantially constant diameter 24, these two ferrule portions 22 and 24 being welded together.
  • the end of the shell 20 has a diameter D O.
  • the drilling head 16 also comprises a rotary cutting head 26 essentially constituted, as best shown by figure 2 by three arms respectively offset by 120 degrees referenced 28a, 28b and 28c and by a hub 30.
  • the arms 28a to 28c are provided with cutting tools or peaks such as 32.
  • the end of the arms is also equipped with a pivoting portion 34 mounted to rotate about the axis 36 relative to the end of the arm.
  • This rotary part is also equipped with cutting tools 38.
  • the cutting tools 38 mounted on the rotating parts 34 make it possible to increase the cutting diameter when the rotary part 34 is in the active position to carry out an effective diameter drilling D O .
  • the piece 34 can be brought into the retracted position.
  • the hub 30 of the rotary cutting head 26 is integral with the end 40a of a rotation shaft 40 whose geometric axis X, X 'is substantially coincident with that of the ferrule 20.
  • the shaft 40 is equipped with a helical blade 42 whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than that of the corresponding part of the shell 20.
  • the blade portion 42a has a diameter external which is decreasing while in the ferrule portion 24, the blade portion 42b has a substantially constant outer diameter.
  • the drill head is equipped with guide pads mounted outside the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head which is frustoconical preference.
  • the drill head has four pads offset by 90 degrees and referenced 44a, 44b, etc., only the pads 44a and 44b being visible on the figure 4 , skates 44b and 44c being visible on the figure 1 .
  • Each pad 44 has an outer contact face 46 and an inner sliding face 48.
  • Each pad 44 generally forms a wedge-shaped piece.
  • each pad 44 has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion which slides on a piece 45 fixed on the flared portion 22 of the shell 20 and the contact face 46 of each pad has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion having substantially the same diameter as that of the tunnel or the borehole to be produced.
  • the insert 45 has an outer surface 47 in the form of a cylindrical surface portion.
  • a groove-rib system 49 allows the translational guidance of the pad 44.
  • Each pad 44 is associated with a control cylinder 50, these cylinders being preferably hydraulic.
  • the body 50a of each pad is secured to the outer face of the portion 24 of the outer shell by a pivot axis 52.
  • the free end of the rod 50b of the cylinder 50 is integral with the rear portion of the pad 44 which is associated, more specifically, the end of the rod 50b is integral with the pad via a hinge pin 53.
  • the pad 44 associated with it can be slid along the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the shell and thus modify the diameter of the cylindrical surface portion containing the face of the shell. contact 46 of the pad relative to the axis of the shell, this diameter then being greater than D O.
  • the displacement of the pad can therefore allow the drilling head to be offset from the drilling direction.
  • each guide pad 44a to 44d is in contact with the inner face of the sinking tube 10. It is thus understood that each pad in the active position is “wedged" between the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the ferrule and the sinking tube. Thus, the eccentricity of the cutting head relative to the axis of the trajectory followed by the drilling head can be very effectively obtained before the introduction of the correction. On the other hand, it is understood that when no correction is necessary, the pads 44a to 44d are brought into a recessed position in which they are of course inactive and arranged inside a cylinder of diameter D O.
  • the function of the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head is to refocus towards the axis of the shaft of the cutting head the debris cut by the tools 32 of the cutting head 26
  • This debris is driven towards the rear of the drill head by the blade 42a secured to the outer face of the rotary drive shaft 40.
  • This debris is then driven by the portion 42b of the helical blade in the portion cylindrical 24 of the outer shell which guides the debris.
  • the drilling machine comprises not only the drill head 16 but also an extension 14.
  • the extension 14 consists essentially of an outer cylindrical tube 52, the front end 52a is preferably provided with a rigid fastening flange on the rear end 24a of the portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head. There is thus a rigid connection between the extension 18 and the drill head 16, the cylindrical tube 52 constituting an extension of the cylindrical portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head and having the same diameter as the latter.
  • the extension 18 also comprises a rotation shaft 54 whose front end 54a is rotationally integral with the rear end 40a of the rotation shaft 40. Thus, there is a continuity of the rotation.
  • the transmission shaft 54 is equipped on its outer face with a helical blade 56 whose external diameter is substantially equal to that of the outer cylindrical tube 52.
  • the rotation of the transmission shaft 54 with its external blade 56 thus causes the transfer of the debris towards the rear of the drilling machine, this debris finally being conveyed by the assembly constituted by the blades 42 and 56 of the rotary shafts 40 and 54.
  • the extension 18 comprises a increasing number of extension elements as the tunnel is drilled.
  • the extension 18 is also equipped with radial guide pads 60 and 62.
  • radial guide pads 60 and 62 Preferably, there are three guide pads 60 shifted 120 degrees and three guide pads 62 also shifted 120 degrees.
  • These guide pads attached to the arm end are supported by their outer face 60a, 62a on the inner face of the sinking tubes 10. These pads 60 and 62 thus serve to maintain the centering of the extension 18 relative to the already drilled tunnel portion.
  • the drilling head is equipped with a reference target 70 preferably mounted on the outer face of the cylindrical portion 24 of the outer ring to control the drilling direction with respect to the desired theoretical direction.
  • This target is coupled with a laser beam emitted by a laser source preferably mounted on the pushing equipment.
  • the comparison between the effective direction provided by the target 70 with the theoretical direction of drilling makes it possible to develop an error signal which will be used to conveniently control the jacks 50 in order to introduce the correction of trajectory corresponding to the error. raised effectively.
  • the total length of the drilling machine is of the order of 2 meters, which makes it possible to drill blind holes from a well for setting up the small-sized drilling machine. typically 3 meters.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown a drilling machine 14 used without driving tube.
  • the structure of the machine 14 is exactly the same as that of the machine 14 shown on the Figures 1 to 4 .
  • the only difference lies in the fact that the guide pads 44 act directly on the tunnel wall during drilling. Thanks to the wedge effect and to the particular structure of the contact face 46 of the shoes 44a to 44d, the same quality of guidance is obtained, that is to say the possibility of correcting trajectory errors that with the drilling machine 14.

Abstract

The head has an external ferrule (20) including a flared portion (22) and a cylindrical portion (24), and mobile adjusting pads (44c, 44d) presenting a sliding face sliding along an external face of the flared portion of the ferrule and a contact face (46) in relation to an internal wall of a tunnel. A jack (50) moves each pad between an inactive position and a set of active positions. The contact face of the pad is completely placed inside a cylinder of diameter (Do) in the inactive position. A part of the contact face of the pad is at an exterior of the cylinder in the active positions. An independent claim is also included for a tunnel construction equipment comprising a drilling machine.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une tête de forage pour machine de forage, une machine de forage utilisant ladite tête et un équipement de creusement d'un tunnel utilisant ladite machine de forage.The present invention relates to a drilling head for a drilling machine, a drilling machine using said head and tunnel digging equipment using said drilling machine.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, la réalisation du forage de tunnels de dimension réduite et plus particulièrement la réalisation du forage d'alvéoles borgnes de diamètre de l'ordre de 700 mm à 750 mm ou plus généralement de moins d'un mètre destinées en particulier au stockage souterrain de déchets dans lesquels doivent être interposés les conteneurs.The invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to the drilling of small-sized tunnels and more particularly to the drilling of blind cells with a diameter of about 700 mm to 750 mm or more generally less than one meter intended in particular for the underground storage of waste in which the containers must be interposed.

Ces travaux de forage sont le plus souvent exécutés dans des argiles consolidées favorables de la réalisation de tels stockages et doivent se réaliser sans la présence d'eau et avec une parfaite maîtrise du guidage de la machine de forage selon les trois directions afin de garantir la bonne mise en place des conteneurs cylindriques chargés de déchets.These drilling works are most often carried out in consolidated clays favorable for the realization of such storage and must be carried out without the presence of water and with perfect control of the guidance of the drilling machine along the three directions to ensure the good placement of cylindrical containers loaded with waste.

On comprend donc qu'un des problèmes auxquels on est confronté est de s'assurer que le forage réalisé suit effectivement la trajectoire théorique définie préalablement du forage alors qu'il y a bien sûr aucun moyen d'accès physique direct pour les opérateurs utilisant ladite machine. En conséquence, il est très important de pouvoir contrôler en permanence et avec une grande précision la trajectoire du forage et de pouvoir rectifier la direction de forage en cas de déviation inacceptable. Le plus souvent, cette trajectoire est rectiligne.It is therefore understandable that one of the problems we are confronted with is to ensure that the drilling actually follows the theoretical trajectory defined before the drilling while there is of course no means of direct physical access for operators using the said machine. As a result, it is very important to be able to continuously and accurately monitor the drilling path and to be able to correct the drilling direction in case of unacceptable deviation. Most often, this trajectory is rectilinear.

On connaît par le brevet allemand DE 10132972 une machine de forage qui est constituée par une tête de forage et une rallonge, ces deux parties étant articulées entre elles. Un jeu de petits vérins hydrauliques alimentés par des flexibles fixés à l'extérieur du forage permettent de provoquer une angulation entre la tête de forage et la rallonge. Les flexibles d'alimentation des vérins sont protégés par un fer en forme de U soudé sur le tube d'acier de fonçage mis en place dans le forage au fur et à mesure de sa réalisation. Ce fer en U crée une excroissance par rapport au diamètre foré et il est sans conséquence dans les terrains meubles. Cependant, il pose un problème pour l'évacuation de la machine de forage dans des terrains plus résistants. Plus concrètement, il est impératif que le forage débouche dans un puits de sortie pour récupérer cette machine. En outre, il n'est pas possible de forer sans mise en place de tubes de fonçage. Enfin, le système de commande d'angulation n'autorise qu'une correction verticale de la tête de forage, c'est-à-dire vers le haut ou vers le bas.We know by the German patent DE 10132972 a drilling machine which is constituted by a drill head and an extension, these two parts being hinged together. A set of small hydraulic cylinders fed by hoses attached to the outside of the borehole can cause angulation between the drill head and the extension. The supply hoses of the cylinders are protected by a U-shaped iron welded to the sinking steel tube placed in the borehole as it is made. This U-shaped iron creates an excrescence in relation to the drilled diameter and it is of no consequence in the soft ground. However, it poses a problem for the evacuation of the drilling machine in more resistant ground. More concretely, it is imperative that the drilling leads into an exit well to recover this machine. In addition, it is not possible to drill without setting up sinking tubes. Finally, the control system angulation only allows vertical correction of the drill head, ie upwards or downwards.

Un premier objet de l'invention est de fournir une tête de forage pour machine de forage du type mentionné ci-dessus qui permette effectivement de réaliser une correction de la trajectoire de forage selon toutes les directions et qui puisse fonctionner avec ou sans utilisation de tubes de fonçage.A first object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine drill head of the type mentioned above which effectively makes it possible to carry out a correction of the drilling trajectory in all directions and which can operate with or without the use of tubes. sinking.

Pour atteindre ce but selon l'invention, la tête de forage pour machine de forage comprenant une tête de forage et une rallonge, se caractérise en ce qu'elle comprend :

  • une tête de coupe rotative de diamètre externe D0 ;
  • un arbre de mise en rotation dont une extrémité est solidaire de ladite tête de coupe ;
  • une virole externe de révolution autour de l'arbre de mise en rotation, présentant une première extrémité ouverte tournée vers la tête de coupe et une deuxième extrémité de raccordement à ladite rallonge, ladite virole comprenant, à partir de sa première extrémité, une première portion de forme évasée dont le diamètre va en diminuant lorsqu'on s'éloigne de ladite première extrémité ouverte et une deuxième portion de forme sensiblement cylindrique ;
  • au moins un patin de réglage mobile présentant une première face de glissement apte à glisser le long de la face externe de ladite première portion de la virole et une face de contact en relation avec la paroi interne du tunnel ; et
  • des moyens pour déplacer ledit patin entre une première position inactive dans laquelle la face de contact du patin de réglage est entièrement disposée à l'intérieur d'un cylindre de diamètre D0 ayant comme axe l'axe de l'arbre d'entraînement et une pluralité de deuxièmes positions actives dans lesquelles au moins une partie de la face de contact du patin de réglage est à l'extérieur dudit cylindre.
To achieve this object according to the invention, the drill head for a drilling machine comprising a drill head and an extension, is characterized in that it comprises:
  • a rotary cutting head of external diameter D 0 ;
  • a rotation shaft whose one end is integral with said cutting head;
  • an outer ring of revolution about the rotating shaft, having a first open end facing the cutting head and a second end connecting to said extension, said ring comprising, from its first end, a first portion; flared shape whose diameter decreases when one moves away from said first open end and a second portion of substantially cylindrical shape;
  • at least one movable adjustment slider having a first sliding face adapted to slide along the outer face of said first portion of the ferrule and a contact face in relation to the inner wall of the tunnel; and
  • means for moving said pad between a first inactive position in which the contact face of the adjusting pad is entirely disposed inside a cylinder of diameter D 0 having as axis the axis of the drive shaft and a plurality of second active positions in which at least a portion of the contact face of the adjustment pad is outside said cylinder.

On comprend que grâce à l'utilisation du ou des patins de réglage mobiles en translation et qui agissent à la fois sur la face externe de la virole dans sa partie évasée et la paroi du tunnel en cours de forage, il est possible de corriger la trajectoire de la machine de forage. En outre, comme on l'a indiqué, le ou les patins permettent de corriger cette trajectoire qu'il y ait des tubes de fonçage ou non.It will be understood that by using the translating slider or sliders which act both on the outer face of the shell in its flared part and the wall of the tunnel being drilled, it is possible to correct the trajectory of the drilling machine. In addition, as indicated, the skids or allow to correct this trajectory whether there are sinking tubes or not.

De préférence, la tête de forage comprend quatre patins de réglage décalés angulairement de 90 degrés.Preferably, the drill head comprises four adjustment pads angularly offset by 90 degrees.

De préférence également, les moyens de déplacement sont des vérins, chaque vérin étant associé à un patin de réglage et étant commandable.Also preferably, the displacement means are cylinders, each jack being associated with a setting pad and being controllable.

De préférence également, la tête de forage est caractérisée en ce que ladite forme évasée de la première portion de la virole est sensiblement une portion de surface tronconique, en ce que la face de glissement de chaque patin est sensiblement tronconique et en ce que la face de contact de chaque patin a la forme d'une portion de surface cylindrique dont les génératrices sont sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de l'arbre de mise en rotation pour venir au contact de la paroi du forage ou d'un tube de fonçage.Also preferably, the drill head is characterized in that said flared shape of the first portion of the shell is substantially a frustoconical surface portion, in that the sliding face of each pad is substantially frustoconical and in that the face contacting each pad in the form of a cylindrical surface portion whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft to come into contact with the wall of the borehole or a sinking tube.

De préférence également, la tête de forage est caractérisée en ce que ledit arbre de mise en rotation est muni sur sa face externe d'une pale en forme d'hélice pour le transfert des déblais.Also preferably, the drilling head is characterized in that said rotating shaft is provided on its outer face with a blade in the form of a helix for transferring the cuttings.

De préférence encore, la tête de forage est caractérisée en ce que le bord externe de ladite pale est conformé à la forme de ladite virole externe.More preferably, the drilling head is characterized in that the outer edge of said blade is shaped in the form of said outer ring.

Un deuxième objet de l'invention est de fournir une machine de forage utilisant une tête de forage du type mentionné ci-dessus.A second object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine using a drill head of the type mentioned above.

La machine de forage se caractérise en ce qu'elle comprend une tête de forage comprenant tout ou partie des caractéristiques énoncées ci-dessus et une rallonge raccordée à la deuxième extrémité de la virole externe de la tête de forage par une liaison rigide.The drilling machine is characterized in that it comprises a drill head comprising all or some of the features set out above and an extension connected to the second end of the outer ring of the drill head by a rigid connection.

De préférence, ladite rallonge comprend :

  • une virole externe tubulaire ayant sensiblement le même diamètre que celui de la deuxième portion de la virole de la tête de forage ;
  • un arbre de transmission couplé audit arbre de mise en rotation de la tête de coupe ; et
  • une pluralité de patins de guidage montés sur la face externe de ladite virole tubulaire.
Preferably, said extension comprises:
  • a tubular outer shell having substantially the same diameter as that of the second portion of the ferrule of the drill head;
  • a transmission shaft coupled to said rotating shaft of the cutting head; and
  • a plurality of guide pads mounted on the outer face of said tubular ferrule.

De préférence également, la machine de forage est caractérisée en ce que ledit arbre de transmission est muni d'une surface externe d'une pale en forme d'hélice.Also preferably, the drilling machine is characterized in that said transmission shaft is provided with an outer surface of a helical blade.

Un troisième objet de l'invention est de fournir un équipement de creusement d'un tunnel qui met en oeuvre une machine de forage du type comportant tout ou partie des caractéristiques énoncées précédemment.A third object of the invention is to provide a tunnel digging equipment which implements a drilling machine of the type comprising all or part of the characteristics listed above.

L'équipement de creusement d'un tunnel se caractérise en ce qu'il comprend :

  • une machine de forage ; et
  • une pluralité de tubes de fonçage aptes à être mis en place dans le tunnel au fur et à mesure de sa réalisation.
Tunneling equipment is characterized in that it comprises:
  • a drilling machine; and
  • a plurality of sinking tubes that can be put in place in the tunnel as it is made.

De préférence, l'équipement est caractérisé en ce que, en position active, la face de contact du ou desdits patin(s) de réglage est en contact avec la face interne desdits tubes de fonçage.Preferably, the equipment is characterized in that , in the active position, the contact face of said adjustment pad (s) is in contact with the internal face of said sinking tubes.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées, sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la machine de forage utilisée avec des tubes de fonçage ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de la machine de forage de la figure 1 selon la direction de la flèche A ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de la machine de forage selon le plan de coupe III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective de la tête de forage dans le cas où on utilise des tubes de fonçage ; et
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la machine de forage utilisée sans tube de fonçage.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the drilling machine used with sinking tubes;
  • the figure 2 is a view of the drilling machine from the figure 1 in the direction of arrow A;
  • the figure 3 is a view of the drilling machine according to the sectional plane III-III of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of the drill head in the case where sinking tubes are used; and
  • the figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the drilling machine used without a sinking tube.

En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on va décrire l'ensemble d'un équipement de réalisation de tunnel borgne selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention. Sur cette figure, on a représenté des tubes cylindriques en acier de fonçage 10 mis en place dans le tunnel 12 au fur et à mesure de son forage et une machine de forage 14 essentiellement constituée par une tête de forage 16 et une rallonge 18. L'ensemble de l'équipement comporte en fait de plus des moyens pour exercer une poussée sur la machine de forage, ces moyens étant de type standard et n'étant pas représentés sur la figure 1. Ces moyens de poussée incluent, de préférence, le moteur de mise en rotation de la tête de coupe de la machine de forage.Referring first to the figure 1 the set of blind tunneling equipment according to a first embodiment of the invention will be described. In this figure, there is shown cylindrical steel rods 10 installed in the tunnel 12 as it is drilled and a drilling machine 14 consisting essentially of a drill head 16 and an extension 18. L all of the equipment furthermore comprises means for exerting a thrust on the drilling machine, these means being of standard type and not being represented on the machine. figure 1 . These Thrust means preferably include the motor for rotating the cutting head of the drilling machine.

La tête de forage 16 est constituée essentiellement par une virole externe cylindrique 20 qui comporte une portion d'extrémité évasée 22 de préférence en forme de tronc de cône dont le diamètre va en croissant lorsque l'on se rapproche de l'extrémité de la tête de forage et par une virole cylindrique de diamètre sensiblement constant 24, ces deux parties de virole 22 et 24 étant soudées entre elles. L'extrémité de la virole 20 a un diamètre DO. La tête de forage 16 comporte également une tête rotative de coupe 26 constituée essentiellement, comme le montre mieux la figure 2 par trois bras décalés respectivement de 120 degrés référencés 28a, 28b et 28c et par un moyeu 30. Les bras 28a à 28c sont munis d'outils de découpe ou pics tels que 32. De préférence, comme le montre la figure 2, l'extrémité des bras est également équipée d'une portion pivotante 34 montée à rotation autour de l'axe 36 par rapport à l'extrémité du bras. Cette pièce rotative est également équipée d'outils de découpe 38. Les outils de découpe 38 montés sur les pièces rotatives 34 permettent d'augmenter le diamètre de découpe lorsque la pièce rotative 34 est en position active pour réaliser un forage de diamètre effectif DO. La pièce 34 peut être amenée en position rétractée.The drilling head 16 consists essentially of a cylindrical outer shell 20 which comprises a flared end portion 22, preferably in the form of a truncated cone, the diameter of which increases as it approaches the end of the head. and a cylindrical shell of substantially constant diameter 24, these two ferrule portions 22 and 24 being welded together. The end of the shell 20 has a diameter D O. The drilling head 16 also comprises a rotary cutting head 26 essentially constituted, as best shown by figure 2 by three arms respectively offset by 120 degrees referenced 28a, 28b and 28c and by a hub 30. The arms 28a to 28c are provided with cutting tools or peaks such as 32. Preferably, as shown in FIG. figure 2 the end of the arms is also equipped with a pivoting portion 34 mounted to rotate about the axis 36 relative to the end of the arm. This rotary part is also equipped with cutting tools 38. The cutting tools 38 mounted on the rotating parts 34 make it possible to increase the cutting diameter when the rotary part 34 is in the active position to carry out an effective diameter drilling D O . The piece 34 can be brought into the retracted position.

Le moyeu 30 de la tête de coupe rotative 26 est solidaire de l'extrémité 40a d'un arbre de mise en rotation 40 dont l'axe géométrique X, X' est confondu sensiblement avec celui de la virole 20.The hub 30 of the rotary cutting head 26 is integral with the end 40a of a rotation shaft 40 whose geometric axis X, X 'is substantially coincident with that of the ferrule 20.

L'arbre 40 est équipé d'une pale hélicoïdale 42 dont le diamètre externe est légèrement inférieur à celui de la partie correspondante de la virole 20. En conséquence, dans la partie évasée 22 de la virole, la partie de pale 42a a un diamètre externe qui va en diminuant alors que dans la partie de virole 24, la partie de pale 42b a un diamètre externe sensiblement constant.The shaft 40 is equipped with a helical blade 42 whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than that of the corresponding part of the shell 20. As a result, in the flared portion 22 of the shell, the blade portion 42a has a diameter external which is decreasing while in the ferrule portion 24, the blade portion 42b has a substantially constant outer diameter.

Pour permettre la correction d'une éventuelle erreur de trajectoire de la machine de forage, la tête de forage est équipée de patins de guidage montés à l'extérieur de la partie évasée 22 de la virole externe 20 de la tête de forage qui est de préférence tronconique. De préférence, comme le montre mieux la figure 4, la tête de forage comporte quatre patins décalés de 90 degrés et référencés 44a, 44b, etc., seuls les patins 44a et 44b étant visibles sur la figure 4, les patins 44b et 44c étant visibles sur la figure 1. Chaque patin 44 comporte une face externe de contact 46 et une face interne de glissement 48. Chaque patin 44 forme globalement une pièce arquée en forme de coin. Plus précisément, la face de glissement 48 de chaque patin a la forme d'une portion de surface cylindrique qui glisse sur une pièce 45 fixée sur la partie évasée 22 de la virole 20 et la face de contact 46 de chaque patin a la forme d'une portion de surface cylindrique présentant sensiblement le même diamètre que celui du tunnel ou du forage à réaliser. La pièce rapportée 45 a une surface externe 47 en forme de portion de surface cylindrique. Un système rainure-nervure 49 permet le guidage en translation du patin 44. Chaque patin 44 est associé à un vérin de commande 50, ces vérins étant de préférence hydrauliques. Le corps 50a de chaque patin est solidaire de la face externe de la portion 24 de la virole externe par un axe de pivotement 52. L'extrémité libre de la tige 50b du vérin 50 est solidaire de la partie postérieure du patin 44 qui lui est associée, plus précisément, l'extrémité de la tige 50b est solidaire du patin par l'intermédiaire d'un axe d'articulation 53.To allow the correction of a possible error of trajectory of the drilling machine, the drill head is equipped with guide pads mounted outside the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head which is frustoconical preference. Preferably, as best shown by figure 4 , the drill head has four pads offset by 90 degrees and referenced 44a, 44b, etc., only the pads 44a and 44b being visible on the figure 4 , skates 44b and 44c being visible on the figure 1 . Each pad 44 has an outer contact face 46 and an inner sliding face 48. Each pad 44 generally forms a wedge-shaped piece. More specifically, the sliding face 48 of each pad has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion which slides on a piece 45 fixed on the flared portion 22 of the shell 20 and the contact face 46 of each pad has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion having substantially the same diameter as that of the tunnel or the borehole to be produced. The insert 45 has an outer surface 47 in the form of a cylindrical surface portion. A groove-rib system 49 allows the translational guidance of the pad 44. Each pad 44 is associated with a control cylinder 50, these cylinders being preferably hydraulic. The body 50a of each pad is secured to the outer face of the portion 24 of the outer shell by a pivot axis 52. The free end of the rod 50b of the cylinder 50 is integral with the rear portion of the pad 44 which is associated, more specifically, the end of the rod 50b is integral with the pad via a hinge pin 53.

On comprend qu'en commandant le vérin 50, on peut faire glisser le patin 44 qui lui est associé le long de la face externe de la partie évasée 22 de la virole et ainsi modifier le diamètre de la portion de surface cylindrique contenant la face de contact 46 du patin par rapport à l'axe de la virole, ce diamètre étant alors supérieur à DO. Le déplacement du patin peut donc permettre un désaxement de la tête de forage par rapport à la direction de forage. En commandant séparément de manière convenable chaque patin 44a à 44d, il est ainsi possible de provoquer une angulation de correction de la tête de forage et donc de la tête de découpe 26 dans toutes les directions.It will be understood that by controlling the jack 50, the pad 44 associated with it can be slid along the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the shell and thus modify the diameter of the cylindrical surface portion containing the face of the shell. contact 46 of the pad relative to the axis of the shell, this diameter then being greater than D O. The displacement of the pad can therefore allow the drilling head to be offset from the drilling direction. By separately separately controlling each pad 44a to 44d, it is thus possible to cause correction angulation of the drilling head and thus of the cutting head 26 in all directions.

Dans le cas particulier du mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1, la face externe 46 de chaque patin de guidage 44a à 44d est en contact avec la face interne du tube de fonçage 10. On comprend ainsi que chaque patin en position active est "coincé" entre la face externe de la partie évasée 22 de la virole et le tube de fonçage. On peut obtenir ainsi de façon très efficace l'excentrement de la tête de découpe par rapport à l'axe de la trajectoire suivie par la tête de forage avant l'introduction de la correction. En revanche, on comprend que lorsqu'aucune correction n'est nécessaire, les patins 44a à 44d sont amenés dans une position en retrait dans laquelle ils sont bien sûr inactifs et disposés à l'intérieur d'un cylindre de diamètre DO.In the particular case of the embodiment shown in the figure 1 , the outer face 46 of each guide pad 44a to 44d is in contact with the inner face of the sinking tube 10. It is thus understood that each pad in the active position is "wedged" between the outer face of the flared portion 22 of the ferrule and the sinking tube. Thus, the eccentricity of the cutting head relative to the axis of the trajectory followed by the drilling head can be very effectively obtained before the introduction of the correction. On the other hand, it is understood that when no correction is necessary, the pads 44a to 44d are brought into a recessed position in which they are of course inactive and arranged inside a cylinder of diameter D O.

On comprend également que la fonction de la partie évasée 22 de la virole externe 20 de la tête de forage est de recentrer vers l'axe de l'arbre de la tête de coupe les débris découpés par les outils 32 de la tête de coupe 26. Ces débris sont entraînés vers l'arrière de la tête de forage par la pale 42a solidaire de la face externe de l'arbre d'entraînement en rotation 40. Ces débris sont entraînés ensuite par la partie 42b de la pale hélicoïdale dans la partie cylindrique 24 de la virole externe qui guide ainsi les débris.It is also understood that the function of the flared portion 22 of the outer shell 20 of the drill head is to refocus towards the axis of the shaft of the cutting head the debris cut by the tools 32 of the cutting head 26 This debris is driven towards the rear of the drill head by the blade 42a secured to the outer face of the rotary drive shaft 40. This debris is then driven by the portion 42b of the helical blade in the portion cylindrical 24 of the outer shell which guides the debris.

Ainsi qu'on l'a indiqué, la machine de forage comprend non seulement la tête de forage 16 mais également une rallonge 14. La rallonge 14 est constituée essentiellement par un tube cylindrique externe 52 dont l'extrémité avant 52a est de préférence munie d'une bride de fixation rigide sur l'extrémité arrière 24a de la portion 24 de la virole de la tête de forage. On a ainsi une liaison rigide entre la rallonge 18 et la tête de forage 16, le tube cylindrique 52 constituant un prolongement de la partie cylindrique 24 de la virole de la tête de forage et ayant le même diamètre que celle-ci. La rallonge 18 comporte également un arbre de transmission de rotation 54 dont l'extrémité avant 54a est solidaire en rotation de l'extrémité arrière 40a de l'arbre de mise en rotation 40. Ainsi, on a une continuité de la mise en rotation. De plus l'arbre de transmission 54 est équipé sur sa face externe d'une pale en forme d'hélice 56 dont le diamètre externe est sensiblement égal à celui du tube cylindrique externe 52. La rotation de l'arbre de transmission 54 avec sa pale externe 56 provoque donc le transfert des débris vers l'arrière de la machine de forage, ces débris étant finalement acheminés par l'ensemble constitué par les pales 42 et 56 des arbres rotatifs 40 et 54. Bien entendu, la rallonge 18 comporte un nombre croissant d'éléments de rallonge au fur et à mesure du forage du tunnel.As indicated, the drilling machine comprises not only the drill head 16 but also an extension 14. The extension 14 consists essentially of an outer cylindrical tube 52, the front end 52a is preferably provided with a rigid fastening flange on the rear end 24a of the portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head. There is thus a rigid connection between the extension 18 and the drill head 16, the cylindrical tube 52 constituting an extension of the cylindrical portion 24 of the ferrule of the drill head and having the same diameter as the latter. The extension 18 also comprises a rotation shaft 54 whose front end 54a is rotationally integral with the rear end 40a of the rotation shaft 40. Thus, there is a continuity of the rotation. In addition, the transmission shaft 54 is equipped on its outer face with a helical blade 56 whose external diameter is substantially equal to that of the outer cylindrical tube 52. The rotation of the transmission shaft 54 with its external blade 56 thus causes the transfer of the debris towards the rear of the drilling machine, this debris finally being conveyed by the assembly constituted by the blades 42 and 56 of the rotary shafts 40 and 54. Of course, the extension 18 comprises a increasing number of extension elements as the tunnel is drilled.

Comme le montrent la figure 1 et la figure 3, la rallonge 18 est également équipée de patins de guidage radiaux tels que 60 et 62. De préférence, on trouve trois patins de guidage 60 décalés de 120 degrés et trois patins de guidage 62 également décalés de 120 degrés. Ces patins de guidage fixés à l'extrémité de bras prennent appui par leur face externe 60a, 62a sur la face interne des tubes de fonçage 10. Ces patins 60 et 62 servent donc au maintien du centrage de la rallonge 18 par rapport à la portion de tunnel déjà forée.As shown by figure 1 and the figure 3 , the extension 18 is also equipped with radial guide pads 60 and 62. Preferably, there are three guide pads 60 shifted 120 degrees and three guide pads 62 also shifted 120 degrees. These guide pads attached to the arm end are supported by their outer face 60a, 62a on the inner face of the sinking tubes 10. These pads 60 and 62 thus serve to maintain the centering of the extension 18 relative to the already drilled tunnel portion.

De préférence, la tête de forage est équipée d'une cible de référence 70 de préférence monté sur la face externe de la partie cylindrique 24 de la virole externe pour contrôler la direction de forage par rapport à la direction théorique souhaitée. Cette cible est couplée avec un rayon laser émis par une source laser montée de préférence sur les équipements de poussée. La comparaison entre la direction effective fournie par la cible 70 avec la direction théorique de forage permet d'élaborer un signal d'erreur qui sera utilisé pour commander de façon convenable les vérins 50 afin d'introduire la correction de trajectoire correspondant à l'erreur relevée de façon efficace.Preferably, the drilling head is equipped with a reference target 70 preferably mounted on the outer face of the cylindrical portion 24 of the outer ring to control the drilling direction with respect to the desired theoretical direction. This target is coupled with a laser beam emitted by a laser source preferably mounted on the pushing equipment. The comparison between the effective direction provided by the target 70 with the theoretical direction of drilling makes it possible to develop an error signal which will be used to conveniently control the jacks 50 in order to introduce the correction of trajectory corresponding to the error. raised effectively.

Dans un mode préféré de réalisation, la longueur totale de la machine de forage est de l'ordre de 2 mètres, ce qui permet de réaliser des forages borgnes à partir d'un puits de mise en place de la machine de forage de dimensions réduites, typiquement 3 mètres.In a preferred embodiment, the total length of the drilling machine is of the order of 2 meters, which makes it possible to drill blind holes from a well for setting up the small-sized drilling machine. typically 3 meters.

Sur la figure 5, on a représenté une machine de forage 14 utilisée sans tube de fonçage. La structure de la machine 14 est exactement identique à celle de la machine 14 représentée sur les figures 1 à 4. La seule différence réside dans le fait que les patins de guidage 44 agissent directement sur la paroi du tunnel en cours de forage. Grâce à l'effet de coin et à la structure particulière de la face de contact 46 des patins 44a à 44d, on obtient la même qualité de guidage, c'est-à-dire de possibilité de correction d'erreurs de trajectoire qu'avec la machine de forage 14.On the figure 5 , there is shown a drilling machine 14 used without driving tube. The structure of the machine 14 is exactly the same as that of the machine 14 shown on the Figures 1 to 4 . The only difference lies in the fact that the guide pads 44 act directly on the tunnel wall during drilling. Thanks to the wedge effect and to the particular structure of the contact face 46 of the shoes 44a to 44d, the same quality of guidance is obtained, that is to say the possibility of correcting trajectory errors that with the drilling machine 14.

Il faut ajouter que lorsque les pièces rotatives 34 sont dans leur position en retrait et lorsque les patins de réglage sont également en position rétractée, l'ensemble de la machine de forage peut être extraite à travers le tunnel en cours de forage même si celui-ci est équipé de tubes de fonçage. Cela permet d'éviter d'avoir à réaliser un puits vertical d'extraction de la machine à la deuxième extrémité du tunnel comme c'est le cas avec les machines de l'art antérieur.It should be added that when the rotary parts 34 are in their retracted position and when the adjustment pads are also in the retracted position, the whole of the drilling machine can be extracted through the tunnel during drilling even if it is equipped with sinking tubes. This avoids having to make a vertical extraction shaft of the machine at the second end of the tunnel as is the case with the machines of the prior art.

Claims (12)

Tête de forage pour machine de forage comprenant une tête de forage (16) et une rallonge (18), ladite tête de forage se caractérisant en ce qu'elle comprend : - une tête de coupe rotative (26) de diamètre externe D0 ; - un arbre (40) de mise en rotation dont une extrémité est solidaire de ladite tête de coupe (26) ; - une virole externe (20) de révolution autour de l'arbre de mise en rotation, présentant une première extrémité ouverte tournée vers la tête de coupe et une deuxième extrémité de raccordement à ladite rallonge (18), ladite virole comprenant, à partir de sa première extrémité, une première portion de forme évasée (22) dont le diamètre va en diminuant lorsqu'on s'éloigne de ladite première extrémité ouverte et une deuxième portion (24) de forme sensiblement cylindrique ; - au moins un patin de réglage (44a à 44d) mobile présentant une première face de glissement (48) apte à glisser le long de la face externe de ladite première portion (22) de la virole et une face de contact (46) en relation avec la paroi interne du tunnel ; et - des moyens (50) pour déplacer chaque patin (44a à 44d) entre une première position inactive dans laquelle la face de contact (46) du patin de réglage est entièrement disposée à l'intérieur d'un cylindre de diamètre D0 ayant comme axe l'axe de l'arbre d'entraînement et une pluralité de deuxièmes positions actives dans lesquelles au moins une partie de la face de contact du patin de réglage est à l'extérieur dudit cylindre. Drill head for a drilling machine comprising a drill head (16) and an extension (18), said drill head being characterized in that it comprises: a rotary cutting head (26) of external diameter D 0 ; - A shaft (40) of rotation whose one end is integral with said cutting head (26); an outer shell (20) of revolution around the rotating shaft, having a first open end facing the cutting head and a second end connecting to said extension (18), said ferrule comprising, starting from its first end, a first portion of flared shape (22) whose diameter decreases when one moves away from said first open end and a second portion (24) of substantially cylindrical shape; at least one movable adjustment pad (44a to 44d) having a first sliding face (48) able to slide along the outer face of said first portion (22) of the ferrule and a contact face (46) in relationship with the inner wall of the tunnel; and means (50) for moving each pad (44a to 44d) between a first inactive position in which the contact face (46) of the adjustment pad is entirely disposed inside a cylinder of diameter D 0 having as axis axis of the drive shaft and a plurality of second active positions in which at least a portion of the contact surface of the adjustment pad is outside said cylinder. Tête de forage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend quatre patins (44a à 44d) de réglage décalés angulairement de 90 degrés.Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises four adjusting pads (44a to 44d) angularly offset by 90 degrees. Tête de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de déplacement sont des vérins (50), chaque vérin étant associé à un patin de réglage (44a à 44d) et étant commandable.Drill head according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said moving means are cylinders (50), each jack being associated with an adjusting pad (44a to 44d) and being controllable. Tête de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que ladite forme évasée de la première portion (22) de la virole (20) est sensiblement une portion de surface tronconique, en ce que la face de glissement (48) de chaque patin (44) est sensiblement cylindrique et coopère avec une pièce (45) fixée sur la face externe de ladite partie évasée et en ce que la face de contact (46) de chaque patin a la forme d'une portion de surface cylindrique dont les génératrices sont sensiblement parallèles à l'axe de l'arbre de mise en rotation pour venir au contact de la paroi du forage ou d'un tube de fonçage (10).Drilling head according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said flared shape of the first portion (22) of the ferrule (20) is substantially a portion of truncated cone surface, that the sliding face (48) of each shoe (44) is substantially cylindrical and cooperates with a part (45) fixed on the outer surface of said flared portion and in that the contact face (46) of each shoe has the shape of a cylindrical surface portion whose generatrices are substantially parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft to come into contact with the wall of the borehole or a sinking tube (10). Tête de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que ledit arbre (40) de mise en rotation est muni sur sa face externe d'une pale (42) en forme d'hélice.Drill head according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said shaft (40) for rotating is provided on its outer face with a blade (42) in the form of a helix. Tête de forage selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le bord externe de ladite pale (42) est conformé à la forme de ladite virole externe.Drill head according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer edge of said blade (42) is shaped like said outer shell. Tête de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la tête de coupe rotative (26) comprend à sa périphérie au moins une pièce montée rotative (34) munie d'au moins un outil de coupe (38) ladite pièce pouvant prendre une première position en retrait et une position sortie dans laquelle elle fait saillie hors de la tête de coupe, par quoi, lorsque le ou lesdits patins de réglage et ladite pièce rotative sont dans leur première position, l'ensemble de la tête de forage peut être extrait à travers ledit forage.Drill head according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the rotary cutting head (26) has at least one rotatably mounted part (34) provided with at least one cutting tool (38) at its periphery. said piece being able to assume a first recessed position and an extended position in which it projects out of the cutting head, whereby when said at least one adjusting pad and said rotating part are in their first position, the set of the drill head can be extracted through said borehole. Machine de forage caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : - une tête de forage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ; et - une rallonge (18) raccordée à la deuxième extrémité de la virole externe (20) de la tête de forage (16). Drilling machine characterized in that it comprises: - a drill head according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and - An extension (18) connected to the second end of the outer shell (20) of the drill head (16). Machine de forage selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ladite rallonge comprend : - une virole externe tubulaire (52) ayant sensiblement le même diamètre que celui de la deuxième portion (24) de la virole (22) de la tête de forage ; - un arbre de transmission (54) couplé audit arbre de mise en rotation de la tête de coupe ; et - une pluralité de patins de guidage (60, 62) montés sur la face externe de ladite virole tubulaire. Drilling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that said extension comprises: a tubular outer shell (52) having substantially the same diameter as that of the second portion (24) of the ferrule (22) of the drilling head; a transmission shaft (54) coupled to said shaft for rotating the cutting head; and a plurality of guide pads (60, 62) mounted on the outer face of said tubular shell. Machine de forage selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que ledit arbre de transmission (54) est muni d'une surface externe d'une pale (56) en forme d'hélice.Drilling machine according to claim 9, characterized in that said transmission shaft (54) is provided with an outer surface of a blade (56) in the form of a helix. Equipement de creusement d'un tunnel, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - une machine de forage (14) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10 ; et - une pluralité de tubes de fonçage (10) aptes à être mis en place dans le tunnel au fur et à mesure de sa réalisation. Equipment for digging a tunnel, characterized in that it comprises: - a drilling machine (14) according to any one of claims 8 to 10; and a plurality of driving tubes (10) able to be put in place in the tunnel as it is made. Equipement selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que, en position active, la face de contact (46) du ou desdits patin(s) (44) de réglage est en contact avec la face interne desdits tubes (10) de fonçage.Equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that, in the active position, the contact face (46) of said at least one adjustment pad (44) is in contact with the internal face of said sinking tubes (10).
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GB1364478A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-08-21 Hughes Tool Co Tunnel boring machine
US4059163A (en) * 1976-08-16 1977-11-22 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Mine drilling apparatus and method
US5931239A (en) * 1995-05-19 1999-08-03 Telejet Technologies, Inc. Adjustable stabilizer for directional drilling
FR2780753A1 (en) * 1998-07-03 2000-01-07 Inst Francais Du Petrole Device for controlling the direction of a drilled well, e.g. oil well, includes measuring the direction of the well and changing the orientation of the barrel to change the trajectory
DE10044507A1 (en) * 1999-09-09 2001-03-15 Komatsu Mfg Co Ltd Micro-tunnel boring machine for pipe laying has working cylinder unit at rear of pipe, tubular component at front, tipping section to correct direction, drill head at front of tubular component and sleeve connecting pipe to drill head
US20030066685A1 (en) * 2001-10-10 2003-04-10 Donald Beyerl Steering apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104763712A (en) * 2015-03-19 2015-07-08 地质矿产廊坊聚力岩土工程科技开发公司 Self-propelled self-tensioned fixing mechanism
EP3388620A1 (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-17 Herrenknecht AG Drilling device and method for creating a hole in the soil
WO2018189273A1 (en) * 2017-04-12 2018-10-18 Herrenknecht Ag Boring tool and method for producing a borehole in the ground

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ATE525548T1 (en) 2011-10-15
FR2940347B1 (en) 2011-01-21
ES2374206T3 (en) 2012-02-14
EP2206876B1 (en) 2011-09-21
FR2940347A1 (en) 2010-06-25

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