EP2200723B1 - Detection and provision of player information using a sensor located in the vicinity of the player - Google Patents
Detection and provision of player information using a sensor located in the vicinity of the player Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2200723B1 EP2200723B1 EP09752755A EP09752755A EP2200723B1 EP 2200723 B1 EP2200723 B1 EP 2200723B1 EP 09752755 A EP09752755 A EP 09752755A EP 09752755 A EP09752755 A EP 09752755A EP 2200723 B1 EP2200723 B1 EP 2200723B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- magnetic field
- ball
- radio signal
- game ball
- assigned
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
- A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
- A63B71/0605—Decision makers and devices using detection means facilitating arbitration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
- A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/02—Football boots or shoes, i.e. for soccer, football or rugby
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B43/00—Balls with special arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials
- A63B2209/08—Characteristics of used materials magnetic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/30—Speed
- A63B2220/36—Speed measurement by electric or magnetic parameters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
- A63B2220/56—Pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/50—Force related parameters
- A63B2220/58—Measurement of force related parameters by electric or magnetic means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/62—Time or time measurement used for time reference, time stamp, master time or clock signal
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/801—Contact switches
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/89—Field sensors, e.g. radar systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/15—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment with identification means that can be read by electronic means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2225/00—Miscellaneous features of sport apparatus, devices or equipment
- A63B2225/50—Wireless data transmission, e.g. by radio transmitters or telemetry
- A63B2225/54—Transponders, e.g. RFID
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2243/00—Specific ball sports not provided for in A63B2102/00 - A63B2102/38
- A63B2243/0025—Football
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B43/00—Balls with special arrangements
- A63B43/004—Balls with special arrangements electrically conductive, e.g. for automatic arbitration
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to detecting and providing player-related information in ball sports, and more particularly to acquiring and providing player-related information in such ball sports as soccer game in which a game ball is hit by a gaming machine associated with a player can be.
- Game equipment and game objects can be accelerated to such high speeds in golf, tennis or football that the detection of the object during the movement requires a specially adapted technology.
- Previously used technical means - mainly cameras - often do not meet the precision requirements and require too much processing effort.
- Known methods for position determination by means of corresponding transmitter and receiver combinations also do not have the required spatial resolution and often suffer under problems due to oversized transmitter / receiver components, a meaningful use in sports equipment such. B. game ball, football boot, tennis or golf clubs do not allow.
- the firing force was detected by a pressure detection in the ball, preferably football. Trajectories were typically evaluated with known pedometer or evaluated by optical detection of the player preferably via video and corresponding manual or automatic evaluation.
- the present invention remedy.
- the present invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible and advantageous to no longer produce the magnetic field in the football boot or generally on the player side, but instead once in the game ball to install coils that produce the field.
- the football boot itself has only a magnetic field sensor for this application, which detects the magnetic field of the game ball upon contact with the ball or entry into the vicinity of the game ball and thereby sends a player assigned identification code (ID) to the ball.
- ID player assigned identification code
- the ball contact triggers the sending of an ID, which is then sent to the Bal and is cached there.
- the shoe sends this ID to a center.
- the detection of the game ball contact via a magnetic field by means of the in-shoe magnetic field sensor takes place, that the transmission of the assigned ID and preferably measured magnetic field strengths but then with a radio module. in the 2.4 GHz range.
- the invention is not limited to 2.4 GHz as the carrier frequency of the radio signals. Instead, other suitable radio frequency radio bearers may be used.
- the magnetic field generated in the ball is much lower frequency and is for example in the range of 3 kHz, which has proven to be favorable.
- the possible suitable frequency range can be between 1 and 100 kHz.
- a suitable radio module for the shoe is manufactured by the company Nordic and already used in the WLAN area.
- the shoe, as well as the play ball, on its own energy source which may be configured very small, however.
- the shoe draws its required energy from the magnetic field of the game ball, but the preferred embodiment has active components that require battery support.
- the present invention makes it possible to detect the quality of a player by evaluating selected characterizing parameters. In particular, it records how many times a given player has ball contact for how long, and whether he succeeds in a successful play at what frequency. In this way, by evaluating the collected data, the determination of an objectified measure of the quality of a player can be achieved. Incidentally, a successful playback can be detected by recognizing that the beaten ball is picked up by a teammate of his own team. This is possible by comparing the sent IDs with regard to their assignment to players of the same team.
- the magnetic field strength as absolute Size is detected and then sent via the wireless module together with the ID of the shoe to the ball.
- a control unit in the ball can, based on these received signals, determine the ID which was received along with the highest field strength value. The determined ID identifies the shoe or player whose associated magnetic field sensor came closest to the ball. The assigned player may then be identified as the player striking the game ball or being decisively hit, to which ball contact is attributed.
- the mentioned frequency of preferably three kilohertz for the alternating magnetic field of the game ball has the advantage that this frequency is used very little nationwide and therefore has been found in practice as a very suitable frequency. Since, in particular, training facilities and venues suited as recreational playing areas come into consideration in addition to the designated playing areas as locations for the present invention, interference with widely used carrier frequencies is undesirable.
- the magnetic field sensor preferably contains a magnetoresistive element.
- the present invention also allows the measurement of the ball speed after contact with the football boot. This allows the determination of the ball energy of the ball and the shot power applied by the player.
- the attachment of magnetic field sensor and radio transmitter in the shoe can be used to determine the firing force. This is done by measuring the speed with which the ball moves away from the shoe after ball contact. For this purpose, preferably several field strength values must be determined and transmitted with the associated time stamps from the shoe to the ball.
- the ball speed after ball contact can also be determined by a control unit already in the shoe via a calibration according to the invention.
- the calibration is done by determining the typical ball contact distance between the center of the ball in which the magnetic field generating coils are located and the location of the sensor in the shoe.
- the sensor is placed in the shoe so that regardless of the type of shooting technique used approximately the same distance between the sensor and the center of the ball on impact of the ball on the shoe occurs.
- the present invention is based on the finding that the distance during ball contact represents the minimum distance between the magnetic field generator and magnetic field sensor and the field strength is maximum due to this greatest approximation of magnetic field coil and magnetic field sensor.
- a plurality of coils are inserted under appropriate electrical control in the play ball such that the resulting magnetic field vector rotates at high frequency and thus at least approximately the maximum value occurs during the detection process by the magnetic field sensor in the shoe. This allows an approximate exclusion of the negative influence of the rotation of the game ball.
- the game ball may send an instruction signal to the shoe received via a radio receiver in the shoe and the measurement of the magnetic field strength as the maximum field strength causes.
- the instruction signal is sent as a result of the determination of a ball contact by means of a pressure sensor arrangement in the game ball.
- the control unit of the shoe is instructed to send the detection signal with ID of the shoe to the ball at the time of measuring the 50% value of the field strength, for example. Since the ball is the time stamp stores the instruction signal, it can then determine from the received detection signal and this time stamp, knowing the distance calibration value, the speed of the game ball after ball contact and thus the kinetic energy of the ball and the firing force.
- the present invention proposes that over the magnetic field sensor in the shoe also a tilting of the foot against the earth's magnetic field can be detected.
- a foot which is currently in full ground contact, is tilted over a period of time in a constant manner against the earth's magnetic field and will therefore produce a recurring reference signal for the magnetic field measurement.
- the moving foot deviates from this reference signal on its movement.
- the determination of the ground contact phases allows conclusions about the number of steps and thus also the step frequency of the respective player. By introducing suitable approximations for the stride length, this allows, in particular for non-ball sports, a sufficiently accurate determination of the traveled paths, while a determination of the distance traveled in this way is only approximately reliable for a ball sport in isolation.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a system of a mounted in a football shoe device and a game ball according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the system 100 includes a soccer shoe 110 and a play ball 130.
- the present invention is not limited to use in soccer game. Rather, other ball sports are provided with a provided for acting on the ball game device as an application for the present invention. Also, ball sports in which the ball is hit with bare hands without the interposition of a game machine, may represent applications of the present invention by attaching a magnetic field sensor device 120 by means of a bracelet or the like on, for example, the wrists of the players.
- the soccer shoe 110 includes a magnetic field sensor device 120.
- the gaming ball 130 includes a magnetic field generating device system 140, which is preferably mounted in the center of the game ball. This can be accomplished via clamping between suitable springs, flexible foam, or suitably shaped arrays of interior bladders. However, the present invention is not limited to these attachment methods limited.
- the magnetic field generating device serves to generate a magnetic field having a preferably predetermined detection range. The selected detection range allows the determination of both contacts between football boot and ball and a determination of located near the game ball football boots, so as to allow conclusions about the so-called ball possession of individual players.
- the possession of the ball is to be understood as a period in which a particular player significantly influences the movement of the game ball in its immediate vicinity.
- Suitable values for the detection range may be 50 cm or even smaller values such as. B. be 20 cm.
- the magnetic field 150 generated in the ball 130 by the magnetic field generation system 140 preferably has a frequency of 3 kilohertz and drops outwardly with the radius from the place of generation, preferably from the center of the ball.
- the shoe 110 contains magnetic field sensor device 120 in order to be able to detect the magnetic field 150 of the game ball 130.
- the magnetic field sensor device 120 may transmit a detection signal having an ID and preferably the magnetic field strength measured at the location of the shoe back to the play ball 130 after successful detection of a magnetic field.
- a high-frequency radio signal with, for example, 2.4 gigahertz is used as the carrier frequency.
- FIG. 2 Figure 12 shows a schematic block diagram of the magnetic field sensor device 120.
- This includes magnetic field sensor 122.
- Magnetic field sensor 122 preferably includes a magnetoresistive element or a Hall element. If the magnetic field strength is measured with magnetoresistive sensors as magnetic field-dependent resistors, these can be switched to a bridge. The output signal of the bridge can be amplified by a differential amplifier. The output voltage is a direct measure of the field strength of the measured magnetic field. In order to obtain an evaluable signal at every possible axis of rotation of the game ball, two or three sensors offset by 90 degrees each can be used.
- the field strength can be measured with Hall sensors.
- Hall sensors generate a voltage proportional to the field strength.
- This voltage can be amplified by means of a differential amplifier.
- the output voltage is a direct measure of the field strength of the magnetic field.
- the evaluation of this voltage can be done either discretely via an analog circuit or with the aid of a control unit, for example a microcontroller.
- two or three sensors offset by 90 degrees can be used.
- Device 120 further includes a controller 124, which may be provided as a microcontroller or application specific integrated circuit. Control unit 124 controls instructions and the evaluation, further processing and storage of magnetic field measured values and generates associated time stamp values, which can be forwarded to a memory 121 and / or to a transmission unit 128.
- Device 120 further includes a power source 126.
- Power source 126 is a battery in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In this case, device 120 is supplied, for example, via a lithium battery. The capacity of the battery is designed so that the functionality of the electronics is ensured in the device 120 over a certain number of several hundred or a thousand hours of operation. Preferably, the energy source 126 may be provided as a replaceable unit that can be replaced by the user without much effort.
- device 120 further includes an acceleration sensor 129.
- Fig. 3 schematically shows in a block diagram system 140 in game ball 130 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- System 140 is shown as completed. This illustration serves to simplify the emphasis on the means provided for the present invention in the toy ball.
- the invention also includes an arrangement of the various units, including sensors, transceivers and energy source, distributed in the toy ball.
- System 140 includes magnetic field generation unit 142. Magnetic field generation unit 142 comprises at least one magnet coil sufficiently dimensioned for generating a magnetic field of the determined detection range.
- Energy preferably obtains unit 142 from power source 146, which is a battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, a lithium battery is provided as the power source 146.
- a rechargeable energy source 146 may also be provided.
- a power source 146 can be used, which is recharged during a read operation of the data stored in memory 141 via induction or direct energy supply.
- control unit 144 in the game ball. Control unit 144 is used, in particular, for controlling transceiver 148, for evaluating data and for controlling the communication flow in system 140. In particular, detection signals received by transceiver 148 and sent to gaming machine 130 by device 120 are detected, further processed by control unit 144. and optionally stored in memory unit 141 with the addition of associated timestamps.
- the information records stored in memory unit 141 can be read out by a central read station from system 140.
- transceiver 148 can be provided for data transmission.
- Device 140 may further include, according to preferred embodiments, a pressure sensor 147 and an acceleration sensor 149. These additional sensors may be mounted outside of the center of the ball in the game ball and be connected for readout via control unit 144.
- Energy sources 126 and 146 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 serve the power supply of the complete electronic device 120 and the complete electronic system 140.
- the use of a plurality of coils, preferably three coils, in magnetic field generating unit 142 is provided.
- problems may arise, which are caused by the rotation of the game ball.
- a single coil generates a dipole field, which then leads to rotation-related field strength deviations in the magnetic field measurement on the shoe.
- the field strength measured on the shoe depends on what angle the generating coil is to the shoe and the magnetic field sensor at the time of ball contact.
- a rotating one Field vector is generated by the use of preferably three coils under appropriate electrical control (vector noise).
- the rotating magnetic field should have a rotational speed which is very high compared to the possible rotation speed of the game ball. This ensures that approximately at any time of a ball contact by the very fast changing at least a maximum value is determined by the magnetic field sensor, which then represents the optimal alignment between the ball and the sensor. That is, compared to the possible Spielballrotation the rotational frequency of the field vector is so high that the ball rotation no longer precludes an accurate determination of the field strength. This excludes a negative influence of the rotation of the game ball in the magnetic field strength determination.
- Fig. 4 shows a flowchart for explaining a method for detecting a ball contact or close ball contact between the football shoe 110 and ball 130th
- System 140 in ball 130 first generates a magnetic field for the desired duration of the data determination, step 410. If a device 120 with magnetic field sensor 122 then arrives in the detection range of the generated magnetic field, the magnetic field sensor detects the magnetic field, step 420, and a detection signal of of the device 120 via the transmitting unit 128 to the game ball, step 430.
- This detection signal contains an identification code (ID), which is assigned to the football boot pair clearly for player determination.
- ID identification code
- the code transmission can take place via modulation of a carrier signal, which is preferably transmitted at 2.4 gigahertz.
- the transmission unit 128 used is, for example, a radio module from the company Nordic, which is known from the WLAN field.
- the absolute value of the magnetic field strength which is determined by magnetic field sensor 122, can be forwarded to control unit 124 for further processing, for storage in storage unit 121 and for transmission to the play ball via transmitting unit 128.
- the measured magnetic field strength is sent to the ball together with the ID as a detection signal.
- device 140 in the game ball receives the detection signal (s).
- the received detection signal is then assigned a time stamp and the value pair of ID and time stamp is stored in memory unit 141 of the game ball for later reading.
- all pairs of values stored in the memory 141 which can also be preprocessed by the control unit 144, are read once after a specific training or game unit.
- Fig. 5 shows a flowchart for explaining a method for determining the shooting force in a ball contact according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- system 140 in the play ball 130 includes a pressure sensor 147.
- the pressure sensor is used on the ball side to determine when the ball is impacted by a football shoe or impacts an obstacle.
- the toy ball Upon detecting such a pressure event on the toy, step 510, the toy ball sends an instruction to potential magnetic field sensor devices 120 of football boots to immediately take a measurement of the magnetic field in place, step 520.
- transmission unit 128 is also a radio transmitter. receiving unit.
- the instruction received via transmitting / receiving unit 128 is also understood by device 120 as an instruction, in addition to the instantaneous magnetic field strength measurement for determining a maximum field strength, to also periodically measure the magnetic field strength until, for example, a 50% value of this maximum field strength is measured , contraption 120 transmitted, again via transmitting unit 128 and transceiver unit 148 of the game ball as a receiver unit, the time of measurement of the example, 50% value of the maximum field strength of the game ball.
- the time stamp of the transmission of the instruction is stored in memory 141.
- the comparison of the received time stamp with the stored time stamp allows the determination of a time difference .DELTA.t.
- the speed of the game ball can now be determined after the ball contact and thus approximately the firing force.
- the ball speed corresponds approximately to the ratio of the distance traveled between the time of impact and the time of measurement of the 50% value to the time difference.
- the distance between sensor device 120 and the middle of the game ball, which is mounted in system 140 is used during ball contact as a calibration value for the minimum distance.
- This calibration can be stored both in the memory 121 of the device on the shoe and the memory 141 of the system 140 in the game ball. If the measured field strength drops to, for example, 50% of the maximum value, then the distance has increased correspondingly in relation to the calibration value. The ratio of this distance increase to the difference of the time stamp thus corresponds approximately to the ball speed at the location of the second time stamp.
- device 120 may send a sequence of data sets of the ID and the respectively measured magnetic field strength with corresponding time stamps to the game ball. This allows the temporal resolution of the locus of the game ball relative to the magnetic field sensor 122, and thus with the additional use of a calibration distance, as may preferably be determined as above, a very accurate determination of the applied firing force, which ultimately represents the desired information regarding the analyzed player. Alternatively, the energy and thus approximately the applied firing force can be determined approximately from the ball speed determined as above.
- FIGS 6A and 6B show schematic representations of preferred readout arrangements according to embodiments of the present invention.
- plaything 130 is brought into proximity or onto a concave trough of a readout device 610 with radio transceiver 640 for readout.
- the radio transmission 660 between the transceiver 148 and the transceiver 640 is intended to be short-range.
- the player information stored in the memory 141 of the game ball or, alternatively, the captured data may be transferred directly from the control unit 144, bypassing the memory 141 via transceivers 148, for example from the field, to a readout device 610 with radio receiver 640.
- a readout device 610 a portable media player or a mobile phone is provided according to embodiments.
- the present invention it is possible via the reading of a game ball according to the invention to gain detailed information about characteristics of the players participating in the game operation.
- This allows not only the immediate analysis of the performance development of a player, for example, the upload of player-related characteristics in centrally managed databases that z. B. allow over the Internet a comparison of amateur players. So it is interesting for different providers that players voluntarily put their data for mutual sporting comparison on the Internet.
- the present invention also allows players to be absolutely comparable to one another in terms of objectified performance values, even if they have never played with each other or against each other, much as golfing is possible. in the semiprofessional or professional field, it is also intended to make the training performance of players comprehensible and to design training plans according to the data obtained.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich im Allgemeinen auf das Erfassen und Bereitstellen von spielerbezogenen Informationen bei Ballsportarten und im Speziellen auf das Erfassen und Bereitstellen von spielerbezogenen Informationen bei solchen Ballsportarten wie beispielsweise dem Fußballspiel, bei denen ein Spielball durch ein Spielgerät geschlagen wird, das einem Spieler zugeordnet werden kann.The present invention generally relates to detecting and providing player-related information in ball sports, and more particularly to acquiring and providing player-related information in such ball sports as soccer game in which a game ball is hit by a gaming machine associated with a player can be.
Es besteht in zunehmenden Maße ein Interesse daran, bei Ballsportarten bewegte Objekte, insbesondere die am Spielballspiel teilnehmenden Personen und das Spielobjekt, den Spielball, in ihrem Bewegungsablauf, ihrer Interaktion und bezüglich weiterer charakteristischer Kenngrößen zu studieren, um eine objektive Auswertung im Rahmen dieser komplexen Systeme zu ermöglichen.There is an increasing interest in studying objects moving in ball sports, in particular the persons participating in the game of ball games and the game object, the ball, in their movement sequence, their interaction and with respect to further characteristic parameters, in order to obtain an objective evaluation in the context of these complex systems to enable.
Insbesondere im Bereich des als Hobby, im Verein oder professionell betriebenen Fußballspiels besteht gesteigertes Interesse daran, die komplexen Spielabläufe und optisch unzureichend auflösbaren Spielballbehandlungen analytisch aufbereitbar zu machen. Fragestelllungen wie: wer hat das Spielobjekt wie oft berührt, wer hat das Spielobjekt wie lange maßgeblich beeinflusst und wer hat das Spielobjekt zu welchem Gegen- oder Mitspieler weiterbewegt, sowie Fragen nach der Art der Spielobjektbehandlung bieten in ihrer Beantwortung Indizien für den Ausgang eines Spiels und liefern Hinweise auf die Qualitäten eines Spielers der Ballsportart.Especially in the field of hobby, club or professionally operated football game there is increased interest in making the complex game sequences and visually insufficient resolvable ball treatments analytically editable. Questions such as: who has touched the game object how many times, who has influenced the game object for how long and who has moved the game object to which opponent or teammates, as well as questions about the nature of the game object treatment provide in their answering evidence for the outcome of a game and Provide hints on the qualities of a player of ball sport.
Die Beantwortung dieser Fragen ist insbesondere im Rahmen von Trainingseinheiten und ihrer Analyse von Interesse. Im Gegensatz dazu ist es im Allgemeinen nicht erwünscht, den professionellen Spielbetrieb durch gegebenenfalls störende technische Maßnahmen negativ zu beeinflussen.The answers to these questions are of particular interest in the context of training sessions and their analysis. In contrast, it is generally not desirable to negatively influence the professional game operation by possibly disruptive technical measures.
Spielgeräte und Spielobjekte (Spielbälle) können beim Golf, Tennis oder Fußball auf derart hohe Geschwindigkeiten beschleunigt werden, dass die Erfassung des Objekts während der Bewegung eine speziell angepasste Technologie erfordert. Bislang eingesetzte technische Mittel - vorwiegend Kameras - genügen den gestellten Präzisionsanforderungen oft nicht oder erfordern einen zu großen Aufbereitungsaufwand. Bekannte Verfahren zur Positionsbestimmung mittels entsprechender Sender- und Empfängerkombinationen weisen zudem nicht die benötigte räumliche Auflösung auf und leiden oft unter Problemen aufgrund zu groß dimensionierter Sender/Empfängerkomponenten, die einen sinnvollen Einsatz in den Sportgeräten wie z. B. Spielball, Fußballschuh, Tennis- oder Golfschläger nicht erlauben.Game equipment and game objects (game balls) can be accelerated to such high speeds in golf, tennis or football that the detection of the object during the movement requires a specially adapted technology. Previously used technical means - mainly cameras - often do not meet the precision requirements and require too much processing effort. Known methods for position determination by means of corresponding transmitter and receiver combinations also do not have the required spatial resolution and often suffer under problems due to oversized transmitter / receiver components, a meaningful use in sports equipment such. B. game ball, football boot, tennis or golf clubs do not allow.
Es besteht insbesondere also ein Bedürfnis nach einer Lösung, die es ermöglicht bei Ballsportarten, insbesondere dem Fußballspiel, zu bestimmen, wie oft ein Spieler den Spielball getroffen hat, wie lange er im Ballbesitz, d. h. in einer die Spielballbewegung bestimmenden Position war, mit welcher Schusskraft er wann den Spielball getroffen hat und welche Laufstrecke der jeweilige Spieler auf dem Spielfeld, mit oder ohne Ballbesitz, zurückgelegt hat.In particular, there is a need for a solution that allows for ball sports, in particular the football game to determine how many times a player has hit the ball, how long he possesses the ball, d. H. in a game ball movement determining position was, with what force he hit when the ball and which running distance the respective player has traveled on the field, with or without possession of the ball.
Bei bereits bekannten Lösungen wurde die Schusskraft über eine Druckerfassung im Spielball, vorzugsweise Fußball, erfasst. Laufstrecken wurden typischerweise mit bekannten Schrittzählern ausgewertet oder aber durch eine optische Erfassung des Spielers vorzugsweise über Video und entsprechende manuelle oder automatische Auswertung ausgewertet.In already known solutions, the firing force was detected by a pressure detection in the ball, preferably football. Trajectories were typically evaluated with known pedometer or evaluated by optical detection of the player preferably via video and corresponding manual or automatic evaluation.
Insbesondere hat die Anmelderin der vorliegenden Anmeldung bereits früher vorgeschlagen, vergleiche
Obwohl sich diese Lösung in der Praxis durchaus bewährt hat, besteht das Problem, dass insbesondere bei besonders leichten Fußballschuhen, der Platzbedarf und somit Gewichtsaufwand für die Technik, die zur Erzeugung eines ausreichend starken Magnetfeldes notwendig ist, im Fußballschuh nicht ausreichend vorhanden ist und dass die Anbringung einer solchen Vorrichtung überdies aufgrund ihrer Platzerfordemisse die Bequemlichkeit des Fußballschuhs negativ beeinträchtigt.Although this solution has been well proven in practice, there is the problem that, especially in very light football boots, the space requirement and thus weight expenditure for the technology that is necessary to generate a sufficiently strong magnetic field is not sufficiently available in the football boot and that the Moreover, mounting such a device adversely affects the comfort of the soccer shoe due to its space requirements.
Hier leistet die vorliegende Erfindung Abhilfe. Die vorliegende Erfindung baut auf der Erkenntnis auf, dass es möglich und vorteilhaft ist, das Magnetfeld nun nicht mehr im Fußballschuh oder allgemein spielerseitig zu erzeugen, sondern stattdessen einmalig im Spielball Spulen anzubringen, die das Feld erzeugen. Der Fußballschuh selbst hat für diese Anwendung lediglich einen Magnetfeldsensor, der beim Kontakt mit dem Spielball oder Eintritt in die nähere Umgebung des Spielballes das Magnetfeld des Spielballes erfasst und dabei einen dem Spieler zugeordneten Identifikationscode (ID) an den Spielball sendet. Das bedeutet, dass der Ballkontakt das Aussenden einer ID triggert, die dann an den Bal gesendet wird und dort zwischengespeichert wird. Alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass der Schuh diese ID an eine Zentrale schickt. Aus technischen Gründen und insbesondere unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Reichweiten und Sendestärken, ist es jedoch vorteilhaft, wenn die ID an den Spielball gesendet, dort zwischengespeichert und beispielsweise nach einem Spiel oder einer Trainingseinheit einmalig mit der Gesamtheit der gesammelten Spielerinformationen ausgelesen wird.Here, the present invention remedy. The present invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible and advantageous to no longer produce the magnetic field in the football boot or generally on the player side, but instead once in the game ball to install coils that produce the field. The football boot itself has only a magnetic field sensor for this application, which detects the magnetic field of the game ball upon contact with the ball or entry into the vicinity of the game ball and thereby sends a player assigned identification code (ID) to the ball. This means that the ball contact triggers the sending of an ID, which is then sent to the Bal and is cached there. Alternatively, it is also possible that the shoe sends this ID to a center. For technical reasons, and in particular taking into account possible ranges and transmission strengths, it is advantageous if the ID sent to the ball, cached there and read, for example, after a game or a training session once with the entirety of the collected player information.
Insbesondere zu erwähnen ist, dass zwar die Detektion der Spielballberührung über ein Magnetfeld mit Hilfe des im Schuh befindlichen Magnetfeldsensors erfolgt, dass das Senden der zugeordneten ID und vorzugsweise gemessener Magnetfeldstärken dann jedoch mit einem Funkmodul z.B. im 2,4 GHz - Bereich erfolgt. Die Erfindung ist nicht auf 2,4 GHz als Trägerfrequenz der Funksignale beschränkt. Stattdessen können andere geeignete hochfrequente Funkträger zum Einsatz kommen. Das im Spielball erzeugte Magnetfeld ist wesentlich tieffrequenter und liegt beispielsweise im Bereich von 3 kHz, der sich als günstig erwiesen hat. Der mögliche geeignete Frequenzbereich kann zwischen 1 bis 100 kHz liegen.In particular, it should be mentioned that, although the detection of the game ball contact via a magnetic field by means of the in-shoe magnetic field sensor takes place, that the transmission of the assigned ID and preferably measured magnetic field strengths but then with a radio module. in the 2.4 GHz range. The invention is not limited to 2.4 GHz as the carrier frequency of the radio signals. Instead, other suitable radio frequency radio bearers may be used. The magnetic field generated in the ball is much lower frequency and is for example in the range of 3 kHz, which has proven to be favorable. The possible suitable frequency range can be between 1 and 100 kHz.
Ein geeignetes Funkmodul für den Schuh wird von der Firma Nordic hergestellt und bereits im WLAN-Bereich eingesetzt.A suitable radio module for the shoe is manufactured by the company Nordic and already used in the WLAN area.
Vorzugsweise weist der Schuh, ebenso wie der Spielball, eine eigene Energiequelle auf, die jedoch sehr klein ausgestaltet sein kann. Zwar ist auch eine Lösung denkbar, bei welcher der Schuh seine benötigte Energie aus dem Magnetfeld des Spielballes bezieht, die bevorzugte Ausgestaltung weist jedoch aktive Komponenten auf, die Batterieunterstützung benötigen.Preferably, the shoe, as well as the play ball, on its own energy source, which may be configured very small, however. Although a solution is conceivable in which the shoe draws its required energy from the magnetic field of the game ball, but the preferred embodiment has active components that require battery support.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es, die Qualität eines Spielers durch Auswertung ausgewählter charakterisierenden Parameter zu erfassen. Hierbei wird insbesondere erfasst, wie oft ein bestimmter Spieler wie lange Ballkontakt hat, und ob er ein erfolgreiches Abspiel in welcher Häufigkeit bewerkstelligt. Auf diese Weise kann durch Auswertung der gesammelten Daten die Ermittlung eines objektivierten Maßes für die Qualität eines Spielers erreicht werden. Im Übrigen kann ein erfolgreiches Abspielen dadurch detektiert werden, dass erkannt wird, dass der geschlagene Spielball von einem Mitspieler des eigenen Teams aufgenommen wird. Dies ist über Vergleich der gesendeten IDs bezüglich ihrer Zuordnung zu Spielern der gleichen Mannschaft möglich.The present invention makes it possible to detect the quality of a player by evaluating selected characterizing parameters. In particular, it records how many times a given player has ball contact for how long, and whether he succeeds in a successful play at what frequency. In this way, by evaluating the collected data, the determination of an objectified measure of the quality of a player can be achieved. Incidentally, a successful playback can be detected by recognizing that the beaten ball is picked up by a teammate of his own team. This is possible by comparing the sent IDs with regard to their assignment to players of the same team.
Da es vorkommen kann, dass sich gleichzeitig mehrere Spieler in der Nähe des Spielballes und damit im Einflussbereich des im Spielball erzeugten Magnetfeldes befinden, ist gemäß eines besonderen Aspektes der vorliegenden Erfindung vorgesehen, dass beim Erkennen des Magnetfeldes durch den Magnetfeldsensor, auch die Magnetfeldstärke als absolute Größe erfasst wird und dann über das Funkmodul zusammen mit der ID des Schuhs an den Spielball gesendet wird. Eine Steuereinheit im Spielball kann auf Basis dieser empfangenen Signale diejenige ID bestimmen, die zusammen mit dem höchsten Feldstärkewert empfangen wurde. Die ermittelte ID kennzeichnet denjenigen Schuh oder Spieler, dessen zugeordneter Magnetfeldsensor dem Spielball am nächsten kam. Der zugeordnete Spieler kann dann als der den Spielball treffende oder maßgeblich treffende Spieler identifiziert werden, dem der Ballkontakt zugeschrieben wird.Since it may happen that at the same time several players are in the vicinity of the game ball and thus in the sphere of influence of the magnetic field generated in the game ball, according to a particular aspect of the present invention provides that upon detection of the magnetic field by the magnetic field sensor, the magnetic field strength as absolute Size is detected and then sent via the wireless module together with the ID of the shoe to the ball. A control unit in the ball can, based on these received signals, determine the ID which was received along with the highest field strength value. The determined ID identifies the shoe or player whose associated magnetic field sensor came closest to the ball. The assigned player may then be identified as the player striking the game ball or being decisively hit, to which ball contact is attributed.
Die angesprochene Frequenz von vorzugsweise drei Kilohertz für das Wechselmagnetfeld des Spielballes hat den Vorteil, dass diese Frequenz flächendeckend sehr wenig eingesetzt wird und sich deshalb in der Praxis als sehr geeignete Frequenz herausgestellt hat. Da insbesondere Trainingsstätten und als Freizeitspielflächen geeignete Lokalitäten neben den designierten Spielflächen als Einsatzorte für die vorliegende Erfindung in Frage kommen, ist eine Interferenz mit weitläufig eingesetzten Trägerfrequenzen nicht erwünscht. Ferner enthält der Magnetfeldsensor vorzugsweise ein magnetoresistives Element.The mentioned frequency of preferably three kilohertz for the alternating magnetic field of the game ball has the advantage that this frequency is used very little nationwide and therefore has been found in practice as a very suitable frequency. Since, in particular, training facilities and venues suited as recreational playing areas come into consideration in addition to the designated playing areas as locations for the present invention, interference with widely used carrier frequencies is undesirable. Furthermore, the magnetic field sensor preferably contains a magnetoresistive element.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht darüber hinaus die Messung der Spielballgeschwindigkeit nach dem Kontakt mit dem Fußballschuh. Dies ermöglicht die Bestimmung der Spielballenergie und der durch den Spieler aufgewandten Schusskraft. Insbesondere kann die Anbringung von Magnetfeldsensor und Funksender im Schuh zur Ermittlung der Schusskraft verwendet werden. Dies erfolgt, indem gemessen wird, mit welcher Geschwindigkeit sich der Spielball nach dem Ballkontakt vom Schuh entfernt. Hierzu müssen vorzugsweise mehrere Feldstärkewerte ermittelt werden und mit den zugehörigen Zeitstempeln vom Schuh an den Spielball übermittelt werden.The present invention also allows the measurement of the ball speed after contact with the football boot. This allows the determination of the ball energy of the ball and the shot power applied by the player. In particular, the attachment of magnetic field sensor and radio transmitter in the shoe can be used to determine the firing force. This is done by measuring the speed with which the ball moves away from the shoe after ball contact. For this purpose, preferably several field strength values must be determined and transmitted with the associated time stamps from the shoe to the ball.
Alternativ kann über eine erfindungsgemäße Eichung die Spielballgeschwindigkeit nach dem Ballkontakt auch durch ein Steuergerät bereits im Schuh bestimmt werden. Die Eichung wird vorgenommen, indem der typische Abstand beim Ballkontakt zwischen der Spielballmitte, in der sich die das Magnetfeld erzeugenden Spulen befinden, und dem Ort des Sensors im Schuh ermittelt wird. Vorzugsweise wird der Sensor im Schuh derart platziert, dass unabhängig von der Art der angewandten Schusstechnik in etwa die gleiche Entfernung zwischen Sensor und Spielballmitte beim Aufprall des Spielballes am Schuh auftritt. Die vorliegende Erfindung baut hierzu auf der Erkenntnis auf, dass der Abstand beim Ballkontakt den Minimalabstand zwischen Magnetfeldgenerator und Magnetfeldsensor darstellt und die Feldstärke aufgrund dieser größten Annäherung von Magnetfeldspulen und Magnetfeldsensor maximal ist. Misst man dann, zu welchem Zeitpunkt sich die Feldstärke im Verhältnis zu diesem Maximalwert beispielsweise halbiert hat, so entspricht dies einer entsprechenden Änderung des Abstandes. Aus der Bestimmung der Zeitdifferenz zwischen der Bestimmung des Maximalwertes und beispielsweise des 50 %-Wertes der Feldstärke lässt sich somit die Geschwindigkeit ermitteln.Alternatively, the ball speed after ball contact can also be determined by a control unit already in the shoe via a calibration according to the invention. The calibration is done by determining the typical ball contact distance between the center of the ball in which the magnetic field generating coils are located and the location of the sensor in the shoe. Preferably, the sensor is placed in the shoe so that regardless of the type of shooting technique used approximately the same distance between the sensor and the center of the ball on impact of the ball on the shoe occurs. The present invention is based on the finding that the distance during ball contact represents the minimum distance between the magnetic field generator and magnetic field sensor and the field strength is maximum due to this greatest approximation of magnetic field coil and magnetic field sensor. If one then measures the time at which the field strength has been halved in relation to this maximum value, for example, this corresponds to a corresponding change in the distance. From the determination of the time difference between the determination of the maximum value and, for example, the 50% value of the field strength, the speed can thus be determined.
Vorzugsweise werden zur Vermeidung einer Abhängigkeit von (Ball-) rotationsbedingten Feldstärkevariationen mehrere Spulen unter entsprechender elektrischer Ansteuerung derart im Spielball eingesetzt, dass sich der entstehende magnetische Feldvektor hochfrequent dreht und somit während des Erfassungsvorganges durch den Magnetfeldsensor im Schuh zumindest näherungsweise der Maximalwert auftritt. Dies ermöglicht einen näherungsweisen Ausschluss des negativen Einflusses der Rotation des Spielballes.Preferably, in order to avoid a dependency of (ball) rotation-related field strength variations, a plurality of coils are inserted under appropriate electrical control in the play ball such that the resulting magnetic field vector rotates at high frequency and thus at least approximately the maximum value occurs during the detection process by the magnetic field sensor in the shoe. This allows an approximate exclusion of the negative influence of the rotation of the game ball.
Vorzugsweise kann zur Sicherstellung, dass der Magnetfeldsensor tatsächlich den maximalen Magnetfeldstärkenwert beim oben besprochenen Abstands - Eichwert der größten Annäherung zwischen Spielballmitte und Schuhoberfläche ermittelt, vom Spielball ein Anweisungssignal an den Schuh gesendet werden, das über einen Funkempfänger im Schuh empfangen wird und die Messung der Magnetfeldstärke als Maximalfeldstärke veranlasst. Vorzugsweise wird das Anweisungssignal in Folge der Bestimmung eines Ballkontaktes mittels einer Drucksensoranordnung im Spielball gesendet. Aufgrund der empfangenen Anweisung ist die Steuereinheit des Schuhs überdies instruiert, zum Zeitpunkt der Messung des z.B. 50 %-Wertes der Feldstärke das Erfassungssignal mit ID des Schuhs an den Spielball zu senden. Da der Spielball den Zeitstempel des Sendens des Anweisungssignals speichert, kann er aus dem empfangenen Erfassungssignal und diesem Zeitstempel dann unter Kenntnis des Abstandseichwertes die Geschwindigkeit des Spielballes nach dem Ballkontakt und damit die kinetische Spielballenergie und die Schusskraft bestimmen.Preferably, to ensure that the magnetic field sensor actually determines the maximum magnetic field strength value at the distance approximation between the center of the ball and the shoe surface as discussed above, the game ball may send an instruction signal to the shoe received via a radio receiver in the shoe and the measurement of the magnetic field strength as the maximum field strength causes. Preferably, the instruction signal is sent as a result of the determination of a ball contact by means of a pressure sensor arrangement in the game ball. Moreover, due to the received instruction, the control unit of the shoe is instructed to send the detection signal with ID of the shoe to the ball at the time of measuring the 50% value of the field strength, for example. Since the ball is the time stamp stores the instruction signal, it can then determine from the received detection signal and this time stamp, knowing the distance calibration value, the speed of the game ball after ball contact and thus the kinetic energy of the ball and the firing force.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht es ferner, die Laufwege einzelner Spieler während einer Trainingseinheit oder während eines Spiels zu bestimmen. Videoauswertungen, wie sie für den professionellen Spielbetrieb verbreitet durchgeführt werden, erfordem aufwendige Videoüberwachungen, die im typischen Trainingsbetrieb oder auf Freizeitbolzplätzen nicht vorhanden sind. Deswegen ist eine einfache Lösung wünschenswert.The present invention also makes it possible to determine the routes of individual players during a training session or during a game. Video evaluations, as they are widely used for professional game operation, require elaborate video surveillance, which are not available in typical training operation or leisure time buckets. Therefore, a simple solution is desirable.
Die vorliegende Erfindung schlägt vor, dass über den Magnetfeldsensor im Schuh auch ein Verkippen des Fußes gegen das Erdmagnetfeld erfasst werden kann. Ein Fuß hingegen, der sich gerade in voller Bodenberührung befindet, ist über einen gewissen Zeitraum in konstanter Weise gegen das Erdmagnetfeld verkippt und wird deshalb ein immer wiederkehrendes Referenzsignal für die Magnetfeldmessung erzeugen. Der bewegte Fuß weicht von diesem Referenzsignal über seinen Bewegungsablauf ab. Die Bestimmung der Bodenberührungsphasen erlaubt Rückschlüsse auf die Schrittzahl und damit auch die Schrittfrequenz des jeweiligen Spielers. Unter Einführung geeigneter Näherungen für die Schrittlänge erlaubt dies insbesondere für Nichtballsportarten eine hinreichend genaue Bestimmung der zurückgelegten Laufwege, während eine Bestimmung des zurückgelegten Laufweges auf diese Weise für eine Ballsportart in Alleinstellung nur näherungsweise verlässlich ist.The present invention proposes that over the magnetic field sensor in the shoe also a tilting of the foot against the earth's magnetic field can be detected. A foot, however, which is currently in full ground contact, is tilted over a period of time in a constant manner against the earth's magnetic field and will therefore produce a recurring reference signal for the magnetic field measurement. The moving foot deviates from this reference signal on its movement. The determination of the ground contact phases allows conclusions about the number of steps and thus also the step frequency of the respective player. By introducing suitable approximations for the stride length, this allows, in particular for non-ball sports, a sufficiently accurate determination of the traveled paths, while a determination of the distance traveled in this way is only approximately reliable for a ball sport in isolation.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachfolgend bezugnehmend auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Systems gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung einer spielerseitigen Vorrichtung gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Darstellung eines ballseitigen Systems gemäß einer Ausfüh- rungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 4
- ein Flussdiagramm zur Erläuterung eines Verfahrens zum Erfassen von Ballkon- taktinformationen gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 5
- ein Verfahren zur Geschwindigkeitsbestimmung eines Spielballs nach einem Ballkontakt gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 6A
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausleseanordnung gemäß einer Ausfüh- rungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung; und
- Fig. 6B
- eine schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Ausleseanordnung gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of a player-side device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 3
- a schematic representation of a ball-side system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 4
- a flowchart for explaining a method for detecting ball contact information according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 5
- a method for determining the speed of a ball of a ball after a ball contact according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 6A
- a schematic representation of a readout arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
- Fig. 6B
- a schematic representation of an alternative readout arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Zur Verdeutlichung der Erfindung werden nun die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Die folgende Beschreibung der Zeichnungen geht dabei von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung aus, jedoch ist die vorliegende Erfindung nicht auf die einzelnen Ausführungsformen beschränkt. Insbesondere ist die vorliegende Erfindung im Detail für das Fußballspiel erläutert, ist in ihrer Anwendung aber nicht auf diese spezielle Ballsportart beschränkt.To clarify the invention, the attached drawings will now be explained in more detail. The following description of the drawings is based on embodiments of the invention, however, the present invention is not limited to the individual embodiments. In particular, the present invention is explained in detail for the football game, but is not limited in their application to this particular ball sport.
Der Fußballschuh 110 enthält eine Magnetfeldsensorvorrichtung 120. Der Spielball 130 enthält ein System 140 mit Magnetfelderzeugungsvorrichtung, die vorzugsweise in der Spielballmitte angebracht ist. Dies kann über Einspannung zwischen geeignete Federn, Weichschaum, oder geeignet geformte Anordnungen von Innenraumblasen bewerkstelligt werden. Die vorliegende Erfindung ist aber nicht auf diese Anbringungsmethoden beschränkt. Die Magnetfelderzeugungsvorrichtung dient zum Erzeugen eines Magnetfeldes mit einer vorzugsweise vorbestimmten Detektionsreichweite. Die gewählte Detektionsreichweite ermöglicht die Bestimmung sowohl von Kontakten zwischen Fußballschuh und Spielball als auch eine Bestimmung von in der Nähe des Spielballes befindlichen Fußballschuhen, um so auch Rückschlüsse auf den sogenannten Ballbesitz einzelner Spieler zu erlauben. Hierbei ist der Ballbesitz als ein Zeitraum zu verstehen, in dem ein bestimmter Spieler maßgeblich die Bewegung des Spielballes in seiner unmittelbaren Nähe beeinflusst. Dies ist von einer Ballflugbahn nach dem Treten des Spielballes durch einen Spieler mit ausreichender Schusskraft zu unterscheiden, da hier zwar der Spieler die Bewegung des Spielballes initial für die gesamte Flugdauer maßgeblich beeinflusst hat, der Spielball sich aber nicht mehr im Bereich der Einflussnahme des Spielers befindet. Geeignete Werte für die Detektionsreichweite können 50 cm oder gar kleinere Werte wie z. B. 20 cm sein.The
Das im Spielball 130 durch System 140 mit Magnetfelderzeugungsvorrichtung erzeugte Magnetfeld 150 hat vorzugsweise eine Frequenz von 3 Kilohertz und fällt mit dem Radius ausgehend vom Ort der Erzeugung, vorzugsweise von der Ballmitte, nach außen hin ab.The
Der Schuh 110 enthält Magnetfeldsensorvorrichtung 120, um das Magnetfeld 150 des Spielballes 130 detektieren zu können. Die Magnetfeldsensorvorrichtung 120 kann nach erfolgtem Erfassen eines Magnetfeldes ein Erfassungssignal mit einer ID und vorzugsweise der am Ort des Schuhs gemessenen Magnetfeldstärke zurück an den Spielball 130 senden. Hierfür wird ein hochfrequentes Funksignal mit beispielsweise 2,4 Gigahertz als Trägerfrequenz verwendet.The
Alternativ kann die Feldstärke mit Hall-Sensoren gemessen werden. Hall-Sensoren erzeugen proportional zur Feldstärke eine Spannung. Diese Spannung kann mit Hilfe eines Differenz-Verstärkers verstärkt werden. Die Ausgangsspannung ist ein direktes Maß für die Feldstärke des Magnetfelds. Die Auswertung dieser Spannung kann entweder diskret über eine analoge Schaltung oder mit Hilfe einer Steuereinheit, beispielsweise einem Mikrocontroller, erfolgen. Um bei jeder möglichen Rotationsachse des Spielballs ein auswertbares Signal zu erhalten, können zwei oder drei um 90 Grad versetzte Sensoren verwendet werden.Alternatively, the field strength can be measured with Hall sensors. Hall sensors generate a voltage proportional to the field strength. This voltage can be amplified by means of a differential amplifier. The output voltage is a direct measure of the field strength of the magnetic field. The evaluation of this voltage can be done either discretely via an analog circuit or with the aid of a control unit, for example a microcontroller. In order to obtain an evaluable signal at every possible axis of rotation of the game ball, two or three sensors offset by 90 degrees can be used.
Vorrichtung 120 enthält ferner eine Steuereinheit 124, die als Mikrocontroller oder anwendungsspezifische integrierte Schaltung vorgesehen sein kann. Steuereinheit 124 steuert Anweisungen und die Auswertung, Weiterverarbeitung und Abspeicherung von Magnetfeldmesswerten und erzeugt zugeordnete Zeitstempelwerte, die an einen Speicher 121 und/oder an eine Sendeeinheit 128 weitergegeben werden können. Vorrichtung 120 enthält ferner eine Energiequelle 126. Die Energiequelle 126 ist gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Batterie. Dabei wird Vorrichtung 120 beispielsweise über eine Lithiumbatterie versorgt. Die Kapazität der Batterie ist dabei so ausgelegt, dass die Funktionalität der Elektronik in der Vorrichtung 120 über eine bestimmte Anzahl von mehreren hundert oder tausend Betriebsstunden sichergestellt ist. Vorzugsweise kann die Energiequelle 126 als austauschbare Einheit vorgesehen sein, die ohne größeren Aufwand vom Anwender ausgewechselt werden kann. Optional enthält Vorrichtung 120 ferner einen Beschleunigungssensor 129.
Die in Speichereinheit 141 gespeicherten tnformationsdatensätze können durch eine zentrale Auslesestation aus System 140 ausgelesen werden. Hierfür kann Transceiver 148 zur Datenübertragung vorgesehen sein. Alternativ kann eine zweite Kommunikationseinheit, die in
Vorrichtung 140 kann ferner gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsformen einen Drucksensor 147 und einen Beschleunigungssensor 149 enthalten. Diese zusätzlichen Sensoren können außerhalb der Ballmitte im Spielball angebracht sein und zur Auslesung über Steuereinheit 144 verbunden sein.
Energiequellen 126 und 146 in
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Einsatz von mehreren Spulen, vorzugsweise drei Spulen, in Magnetfelderzeugungseinheit 142 vorgesehen. Bei dem Vorhandensein einer einzigen Spule im Spielball können sich Probleme ergeben, die durch die Rotation des Spielballes hervorgerufen werden. Eine einzelne Spule erzeugt ein Dipolfeld, das dann zu rotationsbedingten Feldstärkeabweichungen bei der Magnetfeldmessung am Schuh führt. Mit anderen Worten hängt die am Schuh gemessene Feldstärke davon ab, in welchem Winkel die erzeugende Spule zum Schuh und dem Magnetfeldsensor zum Zeitpunkt des Ballkontaktes steht. Um diesen geometrischen Einfluss weitgehend ausschließen zu können, ist gemäß dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung vorgesehen, dass ein sich drehender Feldvektor durch den Einsatz von vorzugsweise drei Spulen unter entsprechender elektrischer Ansteuerung erzeugt wird (Vektorrauschen). Das rotierende Magnetfeld sollte eine Rotationsgeschwindigkeit haben die gegenüber der möglichen Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Spielballes sehr hoch ist. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass näherungsweise zu jedem Zeitpunkt eines Ballkontaktes durch das sehr schnelle Wechseln zumindest ein Maximalwert durch den Magnetfeldsensor ermittelt wird, der dann die optimale Ausrichtung zwischen Spielball und Sensor darstellt. Das heißt, gegenüber der möglichen Spielballrotation ist die Drehfrequenz des Feldvektors derart hoch, dass die Spielballrotation einer genauen Bestimmung der Feldstärke nicht mehr entgegensteht. Dies schließt einen negativen Einfluss der Rotation des Spielballes bei der Magnetfeldstärkenbestimmung aus.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the use of a plurality of coils, preferably three coils, in magnetic
System 140 in Spielball 130 erzeugt zunächst für die angestrebte Dauer der Datenbestimmung ein Magnetfeld, Schritt 410. Kommt nun eine Vorrichtung 120 mit Magnetfeldsensor 122 in die Detektionsreichweite des erzeugten Magnetfeldes, so erfasst der Magnetfeldsensor das Magnetfeld, Schritt 420, und es wird ein Erfassungssignal von der Vorrichtung 120 über die Sendeeinheit 128 an den Spielball gesendet, Schritt 430. Dieses Erfassungssignal enthält einen Identifikationscode (ID), der dem Fußballschuhpaar eindeutig zur Spielerbestimmung zugeordnet ist. Die Codeübermittlung kann über Modulation eines Trägersignals erfolgen, das vorzugsweise mit 2,4 Gigahertz übertragen wird. Hierfür wird als Sendeeinheit 128 beispielsweise ein Funkmodul der Firma Nordic, das aus dem WLAN-Bereich bekannt ist, eingesetzt.
Vorzugsweise kann der absolute Wert der Magnetfeldstärke, der durch Magnetfeldsensor 122 bestimmt wird, an Steuereinheit 124 zur Weiterverarbeitung, zum Abspeichern in Speichereinheit 121 und zum Senden an den Spielball über Sendeeinheit 128 weitergegeben werden. In diesem Fall wird die gemessene Magnetfeldstärke zusammen mit der ID als Erfassungssignal an den Spielball gesendet. Dies erlaubt die Identifizierung eines den Spielball tatsächlich tretenden Spielers in Situationen, bei denen mehrere Fußballschuhe unterschiedlicher Spieler mit entsprechend unterschiedlichen ID-Codes in den Einflußbereich des erzeugten Magnetfeldes kommen und entsprechend der Schritte 420 und 430 jeweilige Erfassungssignale an den Spielball senden, die dem Spielball insofern konkurrierende Informationen übermitteln. In Schritt 440 empfängt Vorrichtung 140 im Spielball das oder die Erfassungssignal(e). Dem empfangenen Erfassungssignal wird dann ein Zeitstempel zugeordnet und das Wertepaar aus ID und Zeitstempel wird in Speichereinheit 141 des Spielballs zur späteren Auslesung abgelegt.Preferably, the absolute value of the magnetic field strength, which is determined by
Werden für einen bestimmten Toleranzzeitraum konkurrierende ID-Codes verschiedener Erfassungssignale empfangen, so kann gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform, bei der neben dem ID-Code der gemessene Feldstärkewert übertragen wird, eine Bestimmung desjenigen Erfassungssignals mit der höchsten gemeldeten gemessenen Feldstärke vorgenommen werden. Gemäß dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird in solchen Konkurrenzsituationen derjenige ID-Code im Speicher mit Zeitstempel abgespeichert, der mit dem höchsten Magnetfeldstärkenmesswert übertragen wurde. In Schritt 450 werden die konsolidierten ID-Codes mit Zeitstempel in Speichereinheit 141 abgelegt.If competing ID codes of different detection signals are received for a specific tolerance period, then according to the preferred embodiment, in which the measured field strength value is transmitted in addition to the ID code, a determination of that detection signal having the highest reported measured field strength can be made. According to this preferred embodiment, in such contention situations, that ID code is stored in the memory with time stamp, which was transmitted with the highest magnetic field strength measured value. In
Gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsformen werden alle im Speicher 141 abgelegten Wertepaare, die zudem durch Steuereinheit 144 vorverarbeitet werden können, einmalig nach einer bestimmten Trainings- oder Spieleinheit ausgelesen.According to preferred embodiments, all pairs of values stored in the
Aus der Erkenntnis eines Abstandseichwertes kann nun die Geschwindigkeit des Spielballes nach dem Ballkontakt und damit näherungsweise die Schusskraft bestimmt werden. Die Ballgeschwindigkeit entspricht näherungsweise dem Verhältnis der zurückgelegten Entfernung zwischen dem Zeitpunkt des Aufeinanderprallens und dem Zeitpunkt der Messung des 50 %-Wertes zur Zeitdifferenz. Als Eichwert für den Minimalabstand wird hierbei die Distanz zwischen Sensorvorrichtung 120 und der Spielballmitte, in der System 140 angebracht ist, beim Ballkontakt verwendet. Hierbei ist es vorteilhaft, den Magnetfeldsensor 122 im Fußballschuh so zu platzieren, dass unabhängig von der gewählten Schusstechnik mit entsprechend variierender Aufprallfläche des Spielballs am Fußballschuh eine näherungsweise identische Entfernung zwischen Vorrichtung 120 und Spielball beim Aufprall vorliegt. Diese Eichentfemung kann sowohl im Speicher 121 der Vorrichtung am Schuh als auch dem Speicher 141 des Systems 140 im Spielball abgelegt sein. Sinkt die gemessene Feldstärke auf beispielsweise 50% des Maximalwertes, so hat sich die Distanz entsprechend in Relation zum Eichwert erhöht. Das Verhältnis aus dieser Distanzerhöhung zur Differenz der Zeitstempel entspricht also näherungsweise der Ballgeschwindigkeit am Ort des zweiten Zeitstempels.From the knowledge of a distance gauge value, the speed of the game ball can now be determined after the ball contact and thus approximately the firing force. The ball speed corresponds approximately to the ratio of the distance traveled between the time of impact and the time of measurement of the 50% value to the time difference. In this case, the distance between
Alternativ kann von Vorrichtung 120 eine Sequenz aus Datensätzen der ID und der jeweils gemessenen Magnetfeldstärke mit entsprechenden Zeitstempeln zum Spielball gesendet werden. Dies erlaubt die zeitliche Auflösung der Ortskurve des Spielballes relativ zum Magnetfeldsensor 122 und somit unter zusätzlicher Verwendung einer Eichdistanz, wie sie vorzugsweise wie oben bestimmt werden kann, eine sehr genaue Bestimmung der aufgewandten Schusskraft, die letztendlich die gewünschte Information bezüglich des analysierten Spielers darstellt. Alternativ kann näherungsweise aus der wie oben bestimmten Spielballgeschwindigkeit die Energie und damit näherungsweise die aufgewandte Schusskraft bestimmt werden.Alternatively,
Zudem kann mittels des Drucksensors 147 und/oder eines Beschleunigungssensors 149 im Spielball eine weitere unabhängige Bestimmung der Schusskraft vorgenommen werden. Eine Drucksensoranordnung kann feststellen, wie stark der Spielball verformt wird. Je größer die Verformung, desto höher die Schusskraft. Hierzu wird der Spitzenwert und der Druckverlauf des Innendruckes mit Hilfe des Drucksensors gemessen. Steuereinheit 144 kann mit Hilfe des Vergleiches mit einer Kurvenschar die Energie, die dem Ball zugeführt wurde, bestimmen. Solch eine Kurvenschar kann empirisch mittels einer geeigneten Testanlage bestimmt werden. Weitere Schritte zur Berechnung der Schusskraft aus den derart mittels verschiedener Sensoren ermittelten Energiewerten können beispielsweise außerhalb des Spielballes vorgenommen werden.In addition, by means of the
Gemäß der in
Gemäß der in
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es über das Auslesen eines erfindungsgemäßen Spielballes möglich, detaillierte Informationen über Kenngrößen der am Spielbetrieb teilnehmenden Spieler zu gewinnen. Dies erlaubt neben der unmittelbaren Analyse der Leistungsentwicklung eines Spielers beispielsweise das Hochladen von spielerbezogenen Kenndaten in zentral geführte Datenbanken, die z. B. über das Internet einen Vergleich von Hobbyspielern erlauben. So ist es für verschiedene Anbieter interessant, dass Spieler freiwillig ihre Daten zum gegenseitigen sportlichen Vergleich ins Internet stellen. Die vorliegende Erfindung ermöglicht ferner, dass Spieler im Sinne objektivierter Leistungswerte absolut miteinander vergleichbar werden, auch wenn diese nie miteinander oder gegeneinander gespielt haben, ähnlich wie dies beim Golf möglich ist. Im semiprofessionellen oder professionellen Bereich ist es ferner vorgesehen, die Trainingsleistung von Spielern nachvollziehbar zu gestalten und Trainingspläne nach den ermittelten Daten zu entwerfen.According to the present invention, it is possible via the reading of a game ball according to the invention to gain detailed information about characteristics of the players participating in the game operation. This allows not only the immediate analysis of the performance development of a player, for example, the upload of player-related characteristics in centrally managed databases that z. B. allow over the Internet a comparison of amateur players. So it is interesting for different providers that players voluntarily put their data for mutual sporting comparison on the Internet. The present invention also allows players to be absolutely comparable to one another in terms of objectified performance values, even if they have never played with each other or against each other, much as golfing is possible. in the semiprofessional or professional field, it is also intended to make the training performance of players comprehensible and to design training plans according to the data obtained.
Claims (15)
- Device (120) for detecting a magnetic field (150) in a game device of a type used for ball sports, it being possible to assign the game device to a player, and for transmitting an ID assigned to the device, which device comprises:a magnetic field sensor (122) for detecting and measuring a magnetic field;a control unit (124); anda transmitter unit (128) for transmitting a radio signal (160) containing the ID assigned to the device (120),and the radio signal is transmitted under the control of the control unit.
- Device as claimed in claim 1, which further comprises a power source (126) for actively supplying at least the transmitter unit with power.
- Device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which further comprises a memory (121) for reading the ID and for writing values of measured magnetic field intensities with associated time stamps.
- Device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, in which a magnetic field intensity is periodically measured.
- Device as claimed in one of claims 3 or 4, in which at least one data set of a measured magnetic field intensity and associated time stamp relates to the earth's magnetic field.
- Game ball (130) for detecting and providing information assigned to players of a ball-type sport, which game ball comprises:a magnetic field generator (142) for generating an alternating magnetic field (150);a transceiver (148) for receiving radio signals (160) which are transmitted in response to detection of the generated alternating magnetic field, and which contains an ID which can be assigned to a player, and for transmitting compiled player information;a control unit (144) for evaluating received radio signals and assigning time stamps to IDs from received radio signals;a power source (146); anda memory for writing and reading player information on the basis of IDs with associated time stamps.
- Game ball as claimed in claim 6, which further comprises a pressure sensor array and an acceleration sensor.
- Game ball as claimed in claim 6 or 7, in which the magnetic field generator contains at least 3 coils which are electrically activated so that the resultant magnetic field vector rotates in three dimensions, and the rotation frequency is essentially greater than the possible rotation frequency of the game ball when operating during play.
- System for detecting and providing information assigned to football players, which system comprises:a football (130) with
a centrally disposed magnetic field generator (142) for generating an alternating magnetic field (150);
a transceiver (148) for receiving radio signals (160) and for transmitting compiled player information;
a control unit (144) for evaluating received radio signals and assigning time stamps to IDs from received radio signals;
a power source; and
a memory for storing and reading player information on the basis of IDs with associated time stamps; anda device (120) for detecting the generated magnetic field in a football shoe and for transmitting an ID assigned to the device with
a magnetic field sensor (122) for detecting and measuring the magnetic field (150);
a control unit (124); and
a transmitter unit (128) for transmitting a radio signal (160) containing the ID assigned to the device (120),
and the transmitter unit is actively supplied with power, and the radio signal is transmitted under the control of the control unit. - System as claimed in claim 9, in which the generated alternating magnetic field (150) has a frequency of 3 kHz and the radio signal (160) has a carrier frequency of 2.4 GHz.
- System as claimed in claim 9 or 10, which further comprises
a reading device (610) with a radio receiver (640) for receiving (660) the compiled player information. - Method of detecting and providing player information using a sensor disposed on the player, which method comprises the following steps:generating (410) a magnetic field in a game ball;detecting (420) the magnetic field with a magnetic field sensor of a device (120) fitted in a game device of the type used for ball sports, which game device can be assigned to a player;transmitting (430) a radio signal by means of the device (120) and the radio signal contains an ID assigned to the device; andreceiving (440) the radio signal with the ID in the game ball.
- Method as claimed in claim 12, further comprising the following steps:assigning a time stamp to the ID; andstoring (450) the ID with the time stamp.
- Method as claimed in claim 13, further comprising the following steps:measuring the magnetic field intensity by means of the magnetic field sensor,and in addition, transmission of a radio signal involves the transmission of a radio signal by means of the device, which radio signal contains an ID assigned to the device and the magnetic field intensity;analysing (444) the radio signal, which comprises comparing the measured magnetic field intensity with measured magnetic field intensities contained in other radio signals which were received within a specific time window around reception of the radio signal, and defining a maximum magnetic field intensity for the time window; andstoring the ID with associated time stamp which is associated with the maximum magnetic field intensity.
- Method as claimed in one of claims 12 to 14, further comprising the steps of:determining (510) a contact event by means of a pressure sensor in the game ball;transmitting (520) a measurement instruction by means of the game ball;measuring a reference magnetic field intensity by means of the magnetic field sensor in response to reception of the measurement instruction;determining an instant at which the magnetic field intensity measured by the magnetic field sensor dropped to a specific fraction of the reference magnetic field intensity; andtransmitting a radio signal with the ID and a time stamp corresponding to the determined instant to the game ball.
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WO2010054849A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
EP2200723A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
ATE513599T1 (en) | 2011-07-15 |
DE102008057705A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
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