EP2188566A1

EP2188566A1 - Led lamp

Info

Publication number: EP2188566A1
Application number: EP08785464A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Robert Kraus; Bakuri Lanchava; Wolfgang Pabst
Original assignee: Osram GmbH
Current assignee: Ledvance GmbH
Priority date: 2007-08-10
Filing date: 2008-08-08
Publication date: 2010-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2028-08-08
Also published as: EP2188566B1; CN101815894B; CN102620154A; DE102007037820A1; US8662712B2; US20120188771A1; WO2009021695A1; CN102620154B; CN101815894A

Abstract

The LED lamp has an LED module with a mount, and has a lamp cap which is connected to the mount, wherein the mount is fitted with at least one LED and at least one circuit component, which is connected between the lamp cap and the at least one LED, for operation of the LED, and having a lamp body with a recess for holding at least that part of the mount to which the at least one LED is fitted, wherein the lamp body has a surface structure in order to cool the LED lamp by thermal convection.

Description

description

Led lamp

The invention relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp and a method for producing an LED lamp.

Despite the well-known advantages of LED compared to other light sources in terms of lifetime, reliability, robustness and efficiency, LED-based light sources can not yet replace traditional light sources in all areas of application. Not least, this is due to the thermal behavior of the light-emitting diodes: when exceeding the maximum permissible temperature, the so-called junction temperature, typically in the range of 120 - is 160 ⁰ C, the LEDs are destroyed. The lifetime of the LEDs also depends heavily on the operating temperature. Therefore, additional measures are needed to get the thermal behavior of the LED systems under control. In addition, LEDs usually can not be easily operated on the grid, but require special drivers or current regulator, since LEDs are per se current-driven element. Further, known LED radiators deviate greatly from the shape of a conventional light bulb, which is disadvantageous for customer acceptance. For example, an LED lamp with E27 socket is known

Operated at 230V, with the LEDs exposed to cool, uncovered, mounted on a flat carrier.

Because of these problems, there is still no full-fledged replacement for incandescent bulbs with LED retrofits.

It is therefore the object of the invention to come closer to replacing conventional lamps, and especially conventional light bulbs, with LED-based lamps. The object is achieved by an LED lamp according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 47. Advantageous embodiments are in particular the dependent claims individually or in combination removed.

The LED lamp has at least one carrier equipped with at least one LED, as well as a lamp socket or socket for the power connection, and furthermore at least one circuit component interposed between the lamp cap and the at least one LED for operating the at least one LED. Furthermore, the LED lamp has a lamp body made of translucent, d. h., transparent or translucent, material for receiving at least the part of the carrier which carries the LED, -, - wherein the lamp body for cooling the LED lamp by heat convection has a surface structuring.

Due to the surface structuring, the surface of the LED lamp or lamp body is increased (depending on the shape and type of structuring by more than 100 times compared to a standard light bulb comparable brightness), so that a cooling by increasing the heat transfer between the Lamp surface and the environment is favored by free convection. The LED lamp can operate in a wide power range without using external passive

Heatsink or active coolant can be operated, which makes the use of such lamps with sufficient illumination with existing sockets (eg Edison sockets according to DIN 40400 such as E26 / E27, E14 or bayonet sockets like B22d, and so on) only possible , The surface enlargement through the surface structuring can be determined, for example, by so-called 3D scanning with subsequent digitization of the surface of the object.

The type and number of LEDs is not limited. Thus, one or more single color (including white) LEDs may be used, or different colored LEDs, e.g. At least two LEDs of different colors, preferably the RGB basic colors, z. B. according to the patterns RGB, RGGB, RRGB and so on. It is also possible to use series-connected LEDs or LED clusters, so-called LED chains, or parallel-connected LEDs.

As a carrier, a common board, a metal core board for improved heat dissipation or other suitable documents can be used. The metal core board preferably has a patterned copper layer on a dielectric, e.g. polyimide or epoxy resin, and a substrate, e.g. made of aluminum, copper or another metal. In this case, the heat generated on the board is discharged particularly effectively over the cross-sectional area. The carrier is preferably optimized so that the heat generated during operation is well distributed in the interior of the lamp body.

The circuit component for operating the LED (s) preferably comprises a driver circuit for switching anti-parallel connected LEDs, comprising a simple rectifier with an LED or a LED chain in a respective branch of the rectifier, and also a current limiter (eg a resistor and / or a current regulator), as well as a switching power supply, preferably in the form of a flyback converter.

An LED lamp is preferred in which the outline of the lamp body fits into an outline of a conventional light bulb. Thus, despite the surface structuring, the LED lamp essentially retains the familiar contours and dimensions of the conventional bulb (eg, Edison Bulb), which can play an important role in customer acceptance. However, it may be preferred if the lamp body also fits into other geometric shapes except the Edison bulb in the context of other standardized outlines or contours (so-called Outlines), z. Of the type A19. An LED lamp is preferred in which the surface structure has a multiplicity of elevations or depressions.

Preferably, the elevations are each formed in the form of islands.

Each island preferably has a round or quadrangular basic shape which is round in plan view, with the quadrangular basic shape being designed in particular with rounded corners for simplified cleaning.

Alternatively, the elevations may preferably each have an elongated basic shape.

The elevations or depressions preferably run along curved trajectories and in particular contain S-shaped sections.

Alternatively, the elevations may each have an annular basic shape. It may be preferred if the elevations each with respect to an axis of symmetry, in particular the longitudinal axis, z. B. optical axis, the LED lamp are inclined, in particular in a range of up to 45 °, especially at 45 °.

It may also be preferred if the elevations are in the form of lamellae.

Then it may be preferred if the lamellae are aligned substantially parallel to one another. Alternatively, it may be preferred if the lamellae are aligned in a substantially star-shaped manner. An LED lamp may be preferred in which the carrier is formed flat and a plurality of LEDs are mounted distributed on it.

An LED lamp may be preferred in which the LEDs are mounted on a flat surface of the LED carrier, the LED carrier extending away from the lamp cap.

Alternatively, an LED lamp may be preferred in which the carrier has a cylindrical basic shape

It may also be preferred alternatively an LED lamp, in which the carrier has a flat, round basic shape from which extends a good heat-conducting core along the longitudinal axis of the LED lamp away.

Preferably, the core comprises carbon, aluminum and / or copper.

The core preferably has a light-reflecting surface, in particular with barium sulfate.

The reflective surface preferably has a phosphor.

An LED lamp may be preferred in which the LED carrier is designed as a framework with a plurality of ramifications.

It may be preferred if the ramifications are arranged parallel to one another.

It may alternatively be preferred if the branches are arranged in a star shape relative to one another in plan view.

The Lampenkorper has as material preferably thermoplastic, polycarbonate, Teflon and / or epoxy resin, but is not limited thereto. The lamp body is preferably designed as a diffusely scattering optical medium in the visible spectrum. For this purpose, the lamp body preferably has scattering centers (eg balls and / or bubbles). The scattering centers can be provided both in the lamp body and on its surface.

The lamp body preferably has a phosphor. The phosphor preferably comprises transparent organic phosphors and / or rare earth complexes with organic phosphorus, and so forth.

Also preferred is an LED lamp having a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the carrier and the lamp body. The heat exchanger preferably has metal, a metal compound, graphite and / or nanotubes for good heat conduction.

The heat exchanger can extend at least to the surface of the lamp body, so it can at least partially protrude from the lamp body. In this case, standardized maximum permissible lamp outlmes should preferably be maintained (eg A19).

Preference is given to an LED lamp which has a fluidic Kuhlme- dium between the lamp body and the carrier, in particular a good heat-conducting Kuhlmedium.

The fluid may be in direct contact with the at least one LED (housed or unhoused).

The cooling medium used is preferably water, ethanol or an ethanol-water mixture, but is not limited thereto. Alcohol is non-toxic, low viscosity, transparent, has a relatively high heat capacity and a low freezing point. Glycol, ethylene glycol and / or glycine supplements may also be used to advantage. Preferably, the cooling medium is diffusely light-scattering and / or milky white and / or partially transparent.

Preferably, the cooling medium contains a phosphor additive, in particular a phosphorus compound, and so on.

Preferably, the Kuhlmedium low viscosity to promote the heat exchange between the Lampenkorper and the LED module by convection. It preferably has a high

Heat capacity and / or a high conversion heat in a transition from one phase to another phase.

The LED module or LED carrier may preferably be designed such that, depending on the orientation of the LED lamp, the heat source (s) occupy a favorable position for the convection of the fluid. This can be ensured by the fact that the LED carrier has sufficient flexibility, so that it gives way to gravity when the orientation of the LED lamp changes, and in this way the possibly spatially distributed heat source (s), typically the LEDs and, if necessary, Circuit components, offset downwards.

It may also be preferred if the LED lamp additionally or alternatively as a surface structuring at least one air passage between the recess for receiving the LED module and the outside of the lamp body allows; the Lampenkorper is thus permeable to air.

Preferably, cooling ribs are arranged in the recess, which are thermally well coupled at least to the LEDs, preferably also to electronic components. The coupling is preferably done using good heat conducting materials and / or heat pipes ("heat pipes"), but there are also other coupling types possible. The cooling ribs are preferably arranged so that they or each ge of them in any burning position of the lamp are sufficiently effective.

The surface structuring preferably has at least one opening through the lamp body.

Preferred may be an LED lamp having a wire mesh whose spaces are at least partially open.

Preferably, the at least one circuit component is set up so that the LED lamp is dimmable by means of phase gating and / or phase section dimmers.

Preferably, the LED lamp may have a controller that allows dimming and / or color temperature control. For example, this can be done by special buttons or switches on or in the LED lamp, the z. B. can be activated by rocking the lamp body with respect to the base.

Alternatively or additionally, the LED lamp can be remotely controlled via sound, ultrasound, radio waves and / or infrared radiation.

The at least one circuit component is preferably set up such that a color temperature can be controlled via it.

Furthermore, an LED lamp is preferred for simple manufacture and for simple assembly, in which the carrier and the lamp base form an LED module.

Also preferred for a compact design is an LED lamp in which the carrier is equipped both with at least one LED and with at least one circuit component. Alternatively, the circuit components z. B. also be mounted on a separate lashing. In particular, an LED lamp is preferred in which the surface of the lamp body is enlarged by the surface structuring by up to more than 100 times in comparison to a non-surface-structured lamp body corresponding contour, in particular up to 20-fold, especially two to tenfold.

The object is also achieved by means of a method for producing LED lighting modules or LED lamps, in particular LED lamps as described herein, comprising the following steps: watching a carrier with at least one LED; Immersion of the carrier at least partially in a bath with a Umhullmasse and aushventlassen the ümhullmas- se. The Umhullmasse is translucent, at least in the cured state.

This is preferably a provision of a Tragers / Tragersystems / framework from (partial) carriers, z. B. in the form of a conventional printed circuit board, for. B. with metal, for. As metalkernplatme, but also plastic or ceramic, ahead.

Preferably, after the step of stuffing the carrier, the method comprises a step of forming the carrier.

Preferably, after the step of stuffing the carrier, the method comprises a step of placing a pedestal on the carrier.

Preferably, the carrier is bestuckt with LEDs of different colors.

The carrier is preferably equipped with at least one circuit component (driver and / or control component) for operating the at least one LED. Preferably, the Umhullmasse on a thermoplastic and / or an epoxy material.

The wrap-around compound may preferably be diffusely light-scattering, milky white and / or provided with scattering centers (eg balls / bubbles) and / or phosphors (eg green phosphorus and / or yellow phosphorus).

Preferred is a thermal, chemical or caused by UV curing of Umhullmasse. The base can be placed both before and after curing.

The method provides, inter alia, the following advantages:

The optical properties of the lamp body can be easily modified by adding appropriate additives to the circulating mass in the liquid state. The desired shape of the LED lamp with increased surface area can also be achieved by adjusting the viscosity of the wettability of Umhullmasse with respect to the bestuckten with the LED scaffold. Heat sources can be placed close to the surface of the lamp body, which promotes heat exchange with the environment.

In the following exemplary embodiments, the invention is illustrated schematically in more detail. Identical or equivalent components can be provided with the same reference numerals across several figures.

FIG 1-2 show in side view, respectively, another embodiment of a erfmdungsgemaßen LED lamp.

FIG. 3 shows, in an oblique view, yet another embodiment of an inventive LED lamp; FIG 4 shows in side view yet another embodiment of an LED lamp according to the invention;

5 shows an oblique view of yet another embodiment of an LED lamp according to the invention;

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of the LED lamp from FIG. 5; FIG.

7 shows a perspective view of yet another embodiment of an LED lamp according to the invention;

8 shows a front view of a cross section through the LED lamp of FIG. 7;

FIGS. 9-11 each show different embodiments of an LED module;

FIGS. 12-13 each show a further embodiment of an LED lamp according to the invention as a sectional representation in front view.

FIG. 1 shows an LED lamp 1 with an LED module with a carrier (not shown) and a lamp holder or lamp base 2 connected to the carrier in the form of an Edison socket, having an outer contact 3 and a foot contact 4.

The carrier is equipped with at least one LED and at least one circuit component interposed between the lamp cap and the at least one LED for operating the LED (not shown). The LED lamp 1 also has a lamp body 5 with a recess for receiving at least the part of the carrier which carries the at least one LED (not shown). The lamp body 5 has a surface structuring for cooling the LED lamp 1 by thermal convection. The surface structuring comprises a multiplicity of elevations 6 or depressions 7 which are round in plan view. These are largely distributed evenly over the surface. Despite the structuring, the shape of the lamp or lamp body 5 or LED lamp essentially corresponds to the shape of a conventional light bulb. For clarity, the outline 8 is shown, which essentially reproduces the shape of a conventional light bulb.

In this way, the surface of the Lampenkorpers 5 can be increased by a multiple. In addition, the luminaire 5 is easy to clean. Due to the structuring 6 or 7 shown, depending on the number and height of the elevations 6 or depressions 7, the surface can be enlarged two to ten times without further ado. With a stronger structuring even a surface magnification of more than twenty times can be achieved.

2 shows a further LED lamp 9 with the lamp body 10, the elevations 11 in the form of rectangular in flattened islands and depressions 12 m in shape of the islands separating channels. Even such a surface structuring can bring about a multiple enlargement of the surface in comparison with a smooth surface. In order to facilitate the handling and cleaning of such Lampenkorper 10, the quadrangular structures 11 may be rounded at the corners

3 shows a further LED lamp 13 with a Lampenkorper 14, the elongated elevations 15 and elongated recesses 16 has on its surface. The elongated protrusions 15 and depression 16 extend along curved trajectories, so that they have S-shaped sections. This arrangement is particularly well suited to allow sufficient heat exchange with the environment regardless of the orientation of the LED lamp 13.

4 shows a further LED lamp 17 with a lamp body 18, which identifies annular structures. The annular elevations 19 or depressions 20 are related to the Langsach- se of the LED lamp 17 inclined by about 45 °. This has the advantage that the cooling by the convection in horizontal or vertical arrangement of the LED lamp 17 works equally well.

FIG. 5 shows a further LED lamp 21 with a lamp body 22, in which the structuring of the surface results in a lamellar structure for particularly good cooling. In this exemplary embodiment, the fins 23 are arranged parallel to each other.

6 shows the LED lamp 21 from FIG. 5 in top view. In addition to the features of FIG. 5, the through holes 24 in the lamp body 22 can be seen in this illustration.

FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a further LED lamp 25 with a lamp body 26, in which the structuring of the surface also results in a lamellar structure. FIG. 8 schematically shows a cross section through the lamp body approximately in the middle height. In this embodiment, however, the slats 27 are arranged in a star shape. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the outline corresponds to the side view of a conventional light bulb.

The coupling of the LED light into the lamp body can take place in various ways. For this purpose, FIGS. 9 to 11 show examples of LED modules which can be used in the above lamp body. The LED modules are equipped with a light-emitting diode Bestuckten carrier. As a carrier, a ub-Liehe circuit board, a metal core plates, or any other suitable surface can be used. A metal core plate preferably has a structured copper layer on a dielectric, for example made of polyimide or epoxy resin, and a substrate, for example of aluminum, copper or another metal. In this case, the heat generated on the board over the cross-sectional area is delivered particularly effective. In detail, FIG. 9 shows an LED module 28 with a flat LED carrier 29, which extends away from the threaded socket or lamp base 2. LEDs 30 are mounted on both sides of the carrier 29.

FIG. 10 shows an LED module 31 with a cylindrical carrier 32, on the circumference of which LEDs 30 are regularly attached.

11 shows an LED module 33 with a flat, round (disk-shaped) carrier 34, on which LEDs 30 are mounted in a ring, and with a highly heat-conductive, cylindrical core 35. The core 35 extends along the longitudinal axis of the LED lamp. The core 35 may comprise, for example, carbon, aluminum and / or copper. The core 35 is provided with a light-reflecting surface (eg, sheet without a reference mark) to improve the light output. This reflective layer may include barium sulfate, phosphors or other suitable ingredient. The core 35 is dimensioned such that it can be inserted into a lamp body in the recess provided for this purpose.

In some embodiments, LED carriers may have ramifications. This can be advantageous both for the heat distribution and for the distribution of the light emitted by the LEDs within the lamp body.

FIG. 12 shows a schematic cross section through such an LED lamp 36. The carrier is in the form of a framework 37, which essentially has the contours of the LED lamp 36, but strictly complies with the standardized outlines. The framework has a vertical, with LEDs 30 bestuckten section from the side branching off 38 here. The frame 37 is provided with LEDs 30 and, if necessary, with the necessary driver and control electronics (not shown). The framework 37 is embedded in the lamp body 39 of the LED lamp 36. The lamp body 39 forms in the region of the ramifications 38 lamellar len, which extend in the plane perpendicular to the sheet direction.

13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of an LED lamp 40 with a lamp body 41 with a carrier in the form of a star-shaped framework or star-shaped outgoing branches 42. The lamp body 40 also forms slats in the region of the ramifications 42 which are perpendicular to the plane extend to the sheet direction.

The LED lamps according to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 can be manufactured in such a way that first the carrier is fitted with at least the LEDs, after which the carrier is immersed at least partially for a certain time in a bath with a Umhullmasse forming the lamp body and then the Umhullmasse is cured. The lamp base is put on the bestück the Tragers. The Umhullmasse is made of thermoplastic and / or a Epoxymateπal. The Umhullmasse diffuses light diffusely by specifically scattering centers are introduced. The Umhullmasse is also milky white. The curing takes place thermally, chemically and / or using UV light.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

In some embodiments of the invention, the LED module can be used, for example, precisely fitting in a corresponding recess in Lampenkorper.

Optionally or additionally, the LED module may be connected to the lamp body by means of a thread.

In some embodiments of the invention, LEDs can be arranged on a flexible support (eg a so-called flex circuit board). Preferably, the carriers have a good light-reflecting surface. The surface of the carrier can generally have BaSO ₄ , phosphors, metallization and much more. The LEDs can be arranged flat.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 LED lamp

2 lamp base 3 external contact

4 feet contact

5 lamp corpuscles

6 survey

7 well 8 outline

9 LED lamp

10 lamp corpuscles

11 survey

12 recess 13 LED lamp

14 lamp corpus

15 survey

16 deepening

17 LED lamp 18 lamp corpus

19 survey

20 deepening

21 LED lamp

22 Lampenkorper 23 lamella

24 through hole

25 LED lamp

26 lamp corpus

27 lamella 28 LED module

29 carriers

30 LED

31 LED module

32 carriers 33 LED module

34 carriers

35 core LED lamp scaffold ramification lamp corpus LED lamp lampenkorper ramification

Claims

claims

1. LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40), comprising at least one carrier (29; 32; 34) stooped with at least one LED (30), a lamp base (2) at least one circuit component interposed between the lamp base (2) and the at least one LED (30) for operating the at least one LED (30), and

- A Lampenkorper (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) of translucent material having a recess for receiving at least the part of the carrier (29; 32; 34) carrying the at least one LED (30) , - wherein the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) for

Cooling by warm convection has a surface structure (6, 7, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 23, 24, 27, 38, 42).

2. LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40) according to claim 1, wherein the outline of the lamp body fits into an outline of a conventional light bulb.

3. LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the surface structure comprises a plurality of projections (6; 11; 15; 19; 23; 27) 38, 42).

4. LED lamp (1; 9) according to claim 3, wherein the elevations (6; 11; 15) are each formed in the form of islands.

5. LED lamp (1; 9) according to claim 3, wherein the islands each have a circular basic shape in plan view (6) or square basic shape (11), wherein the quadrangular basic shape (11) is formed in particular with rounded corners ,

6. LED lamp (13; 17; 21; 25) according to claim 3, wherein the elevations (15; 19; 23; 27) each have an elongated basic shape.

7. LED lamp (13) according to claim 6, wherein the elevations

(15) along curved trajectories and in particular include S-shaped sections.

8. LED lamp (17) according to claim 6, wherein the elevations (19) each have an annular basic shape.

9. LED lamp (17) according to claim 8, wherein the elevations

(19) each with respect to an axis of symmetry, in particular the longitudinal axis, the LED lamp are inclined, in particular in a range of up to 45 °, especially by 45 °.

10. LED lamp (21; 25) according to claim 6, wherein the elevations (23; 27) are in the form of lamellae.

11. LED lamp (21) according to claim 10, wherein the lamellae (23) are aligned substantially parallel to each other.

12. LED lamp (25) according to claim 10, wherein the lamellae (27) are aligned in a substantially star-shaped.

13. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier (29; 32; 34) is formed flat and a plurality of LEDs (30) are mounted distributed on it.

14. LED lamp according to claim 13, wherein the LEDs (30) are mounted on a flat surface of the carrier (29), wherein the carrier (29) extends away from the lamp cap (2).

15. LED lamp according to claim 13, wherein the carrier (32) has a cylindrical basic shape:

16. LED lamp according to claim 13, wherein the carrier (34) has a flat, round basic shape, from which a good heat-conducting core (35) along the longitudinal axis of the LED lamp extends away.

17. LED lamp according to claim 16, wherein the core (35) may comprise carbon, aluminum and / or copper.

18. LED lamp according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the core

(35) is a light-reflecting surface, in particular with barium sulfate.

19. LED lamp according to claim 18, wherein the reflective surface comprises a phosphor.

20. LED lamp (36; 40) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the carrier is designed as a frame with a plurality of ramifications (38; 42).

21. LED lamp (36) according to claim 20, wherein the branches (38) are arranged parallel to each other.

22. LED lamp (40) according to claim 20, wherein the branches (42) are arranged in a star-shaped to each other in plan view.

A LED lamp as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) comprises thermoplastic, polycarbonate, Teflon and / or epoxy resin.

24. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) as in visible spectrum is formed diffusely scattering optical medium.

25. LED lamp according to claim 24, wherein the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) has scattering centers.

26. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) comprise a phosphor.

27. LED lamp according to claim 26, wherein the phosphor has transparent organic phosphors and / or rare earth complexes with organic phosphorus.

28. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a heat exchanger for heat exchange between the carrier and the lamp body.

29. LED lamp according to claim 28, wherein the heat exchanger is metal, a metal compound, graphite and / or

Having nanotubes.

30. LED lamp according to claim 28 or 29, wherein the heat exchanger at least extends to the surface of the Lampenkör- pers.

31. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a fluidic cooling medium between the lamp body and the carrier.

32. LED lamp according to claim 31, wherein the cooling medium comprises water, ethanol or an ethanol-water mixture.

33. LED lamp according to claim 31 or 32, wherein the cooling medium glycol, ethylene glycol and / or glycerin additives.

34. LED lamp according to one of claims 31 to 33, wherein the cooling medium is diffusely light scattering.

35. LED lamp according to one of claims 31 to 34, wherein the cooling medium contains a phosphor additive, in particular a phosphorus compound.

36. LED lamp according to one of claims 31 to 35, wherein the cooling medium has low viscosity and / or a high heat capacity and / or a high heat of transformation in a transition from one phase to another phase.

37. LED lamp according to one of claims 31 to 36, wherein the carrier is designed such that it assumes a favorable position for the convection of the coolant after orientation of the LED lamp.

38. LED lamp according to claim 37, wherein the carrier is configured derge- Stalt flexible that it is at a change of the orientation of the LED lamp of gravity ^¬ and thereby puts the LEDs downward.

39. LED lamp (21) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surface structuring an air passage

(24) between the recess and the outside allows enclosure, wherein in the recess cooling fins are arranged, which are thermally coupled to the LEDs.

40. LED lamp according to claim 39, wherein the surface structuring has at least one opening (24) through the lamp body.

41. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a wire mesh.

42. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one circuit component is arranged so that the LED lamp by means of phase control and / or phase dimmers dimmable.

43. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one circuit component is arranged so that a color temperature can be controlled via it.

44. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising actuating elements for adjusting at least one operating parameter of the LED lamp.

45. LED lamp according to claim 44, wherein by special buttons / switches on / m of the LED lamp, which can optionally be activated by rocking the lamp body with respect to the base.

46. LED lamp according to one of the preceding claims, the operation of which is remotely controllable, in particular by means of sound, ultrasound, radio waves and / or infrared radiation.

47. LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the carrier (29; 32; 34) and the lamp cap (2) have a LED Form module.

48. An LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the carrier is equipped both with at least one LED (30) and with at least one circuit component.

49. LED lamp (1; 9; 13; 17; 21; 25; 36; 40) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the surface structuring (6, 7; 11, 12; 15, 16; 20; 23; 24; 27; 38; 42) the surface of the lamp body (5; 10; 14; 18; 22; 26; 39; 41) by up to more than 100 times compared to one Oberfiacnenstruktunerten Lampenkorper corresponding outline is increased, in particular up to 20-fold, especially two to ten times.

50. A method of manufacturing LED lamps, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:

Bestukcken a carrier with at least one LED; Immersing the wearer at least partially in a bath with a ümhullmasse;

Hardening the Ümhullmasse.

51. The method of claim 50 including, after the step of adhering the carrier, a step of forming the carrier.

52. The method of claim 50 or 51, comprising a step of placing a pedestal on the carrier after the step of stuffing the carrier.

53. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 52, wherein the carrier is Bestuckt with LEDs of different colors.

54. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 53, wherein the carrier with at least one circuit component for

Operating the at least one LED is Bestuckt.

55. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 53, wherein the Ühhullmasse comprises a thermoplastic and / or an epoxy material.

56. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 55, wherein the Ümhullmasse scatters light diffusely.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein introduced into the diffusely scattering Ümhullmasse with scattering centers.

58. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 57, wherein the Umhullmasse is milky white.

59. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 58, wherein the Umhullmasse a phosphor, in particular a phosphorus and / or a phosphorus compound containing.

60. The method according to any one of claims 50 to 59, wherein the curing of Umhullmasse is performed thermally, chemically and / or using UV light.