EP2178784B1 - Winch for pulling cables, in particular synthetic cables used offshore - Google Patents

Winch for pulling cables, in particular synthetic cables used offshore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2178784B1
EP2178784B1 EP08826797A EP08826797A EP2178784B1 EP 2178784 B1 EP2178784 B1 EP 2178784B1 EP 08826797 A EP08826797 A EP 08826797A EP 08826797 A EP08826797 A EP 08826797A EP 2178784 B1 EP2178784 B1 EP 2178784B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
central
pulley
pulleys
cable
drums
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EP08826797A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2178784A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Boussaton
Karamoko Konate
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Reel SAS
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Imeca SAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/60Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans adapted for special purposes
    • B66D1/74Capstans
    • B66D1/7405Capstans having two or more drums providing tractive force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/26Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans having several drums or barrels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to winches for pulling a cable, in particular a synthetic cable used in offshore for the maneuvering of a load. It relates in particular to a winch of the type comprising a function of reducing the voltage to which the cables undergoing tensile stresses are subjected, in order to compensate for the elongation phenomena created by this tension, before winding them on a storage reel. .
  • loads materials, pipes, technical cables, valves, etc.
  • wire ropes often made of steel
  • certain "compact" winding / unwinding winches consist of two motorized drums, positioned facing each other, each having an “active" cylindrical peripheral surface provided with several annular grooves juxtaposed and coaxial with each other relative to each other. to others.
  • the cable is wrapped around these two drums in a helical arrangement, passing from the annular groove of one drum to the next annular groove of the other drum. It cooperates with these drums by a friction-type friction phenomenon, according to several sliding arcs; this interaction friction adhesion and the succession of sliding arcs, allow to bring it back to the output of the winch and storage coil side, in a low voltage state.
  • the metal cables used have the advantage of being particularly resistant, however they have the major disadvantage of having a very high weight.
  • the winch power mobilisable for handling the load is thus reduced by the weight of the unrolled cable.
  • this type of synthetic cable has the advantage of being particularly resistant and lightweight, the latter feature being further accentuated when diving into the water (due to a flotation phenomenon).
  • Such synthetic cables have in addition the advantage of being able to be manufactured without real limits of length, which is particularly interesting for depositing loads at very great depth.
  • the storage coil, associated with a synthetic cable has a lower inertia.
  • these synthetic cables have a high elasticity; and they lengthen significantly when subjected to significant tensile stresses. This is the case in winches, in which they move from a low voltage, coil side, to a high voltage, load side.
  • the corresponding winch consists of two rows of several drums, the drums of each row being offset relative to each other both radially and axially. These drums each have their own motor and a single peripheral groove on which is wound the cable to be towed.
  • the pulling power on each drum can then be adjusted so that the local traction power is kept low enough not to damage the cable.
  • winch structure adapted in particular for pulling synthetic cables is described in the document FR-1 465 703 .
  • This winch consists of two drums positioned facing each other, each consisting of several coaxial grooved pulleys mounted on the same axis central.
  • the central axis carries two pulleys each having a groove, each of said pulley having a single lateral extension itself serving as a bearing for another grooved pulley (s).
  • the different pulleys are individually associated with their own motorization.
  • Such a winch structure is also not very compact.
  • FR-1 465 703 which has the advantage of having an optimized and smaller footprint, and to be very well balanced, while ensuring a significant and effective compensation of the elongation of the towed cable.
  • the winch for pulling a cable is of the type with two motorized drums, positioned facing each other, each having an active cylindrical peripheral surface provided with several annular grooves juxtaposed and coaxial with each other. relative to each other, said cable being intended to be wound around said two drums in a helical arrangement, which two motorized drums are each formed of at least three pulleys mounted rotatably on an axial bearing shaft, around a common central axis and cooperating each with their own dedicated motor means.
  • pulleys each comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface provided with at least one of the grooves so as to constitute each a portion of the active drum surface, namely two said outer pulleys between which is disposed at least one so-called central pulley.
  • the pulley or central pulleys comprise at least one axial cylindrical extension whose cylindrical peripheral surface constitutes a rotational bearing for the central cylindrical surface of at least one of the other pulleys, corresponding to its central rotational surface.
  • said at least one of said central pulleys comprises two axial tubular extensions, arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface provided with a single groove and each forming a rotation bearing for the surface.
  • central cylinder of at least one of said other pulleys comprises two axial tubular extensions, arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface provided with a single groove and each forming a rotation bearing for the surface.
  • the cylindrical surface forming a bearing of a central pulley other than the first central pulley cooperating with the fixed axial bearing shaft corresponds to the peripheral cylindrical surface of one of the axial extensions of said first pulley.
  • the at least one of the axial extensions of the pulleys also serves for connection with the dedicated motor means.
  • one of the outer pulleys of the drums is provided with a single cylindrical groove, intended to receive the cable under "high voltage", load side; the other outer pulley comprises a group of several grooves for receiving the cable under "low voltage” side storage coil.
  • the outer pulley located on the storage reel side advantageously comprises two and five grooves.
  • the two drums advantageously comprise each of two to six central pulleys, each provided with a single annular groove.
  • the at least one axial extension of the central pulleys, and the outer portion of the outer pulleys comprise an axial ring gear adapted to cooperate with at least one additional gear driven by dedicated drive means, said rings teeth are distributed on either side of the cylindrical surface activates drums.
  • the motor means associated with the outer pulley, called the master pulley, of one of the drums, situated on the load side are controlled by control means configured in speed control, and the motor means associated with the other pulleys, called slave pulleys, are controlled by control means configured in torque control.
  • the present invention also relates to an installation for pulling a cable comprising a winch as described above, associated with a storage reel.
  • the traction winch 1 has a structure adapted for pulling a cable C (shown schematically by a dashed line on the figure 2 ), in particular of a synthetic cable used in offshore for the maneuvering of a load.
  • This winch 1 is conventionally associated with a storage reel (not shown), to form together a cable maneuvering facility, which can equip for example the deck of a boat or oil platform.
  • the winch 1 consists of a frame 2 having two side walls 2a, at a distance and facing one another, between which are installed and carried, on the one hand, two motorized drums 3 'and 3 "positioned facing each other, on which is properly wound the synthetic cable, and secondly, several drive members 4 ensuring the operation of these two drums 3 'and 3 ".
  • Each drum 3 ', 3 is associated here with four drive members 4 (respectively 4a', 4b ', 4c', 4d 'and 4a', 4b ', 4c', 4d") for their operation in rotation during the winding or unwinding of the cable.
  • the two drums 3 'and 3 "each comprise an active cylindrical peripheral surface 5' and 5", provided with annular grooves 6 whose section, here in the general V or U-shaped, is adapted to receive and effectively hold the wound cable on the winch.
  • the drums 3 'and 3 here each comprise a group of annular grooves 6, six and seven in number respectively, which are juxtaposed and coaxial relative to each other
  • Each group of grooves 6 is arranged on the central zone of the drum 3 ', 3 "associated.
  • the cable C is intended to be wound around the two drums 3 'and 3 "in a usual helical type arrangement, within each of their annular grooves 6.
  • This cable is intended to be associated, on one side C 'with the load to be maneuvered, thus forming its "high voltage” end, and on the other side C "with the storage coil, thus corresponding to its end under" low voltage.
  • the winding of the cable C within the grooves 6 of the two drums 3 allows the gradual reduction of its tension and corollary of its elongation.
  • the two drums 3 are oriented angularly relative to each other, to avoid twisting of the cable.
  • one of the drums 3 is inclined at an angle of about 2 ° relative to the horizontal, and the other drum 3 is inclined at an angle of about 1 ° relative to the horizontal, this in opposite directions to each other.
  • the present winch structure 1 has the advantage of being particularly compact, and it is particularly adapted to effectively reduce the tension of the cable and thus actively compensate for its elongation.
  • the two motorized drums 3 are each formed of a fixed axial bearing shaft 9, of central axis 10, associated with the frame 2 of the winch 1, and carrying along its length several pulleys 11, in this case four in number ( 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d), juxtaposed and nested into each other to form together the body of the drum 3.
  • Each of the pulleys 11 of the drums 3 is rotatable around the common central axis 10, and is individually operated by clean motor means 4.
  • each comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface 12 forming a cylindrical section of the active surface 5 of the drum 3, and they are provided with at least one of the annular grooves 6; these pulleys 11 also comprise a central cylindrical surface 13 intended to cooperate with a complementary cylindrical surface forming their rotational bearing.
  • the pulleys 11 of each drum 3 are of two types, depending on their position along the length of the support shaft 9 associated two pulleys said outer 11a and 11d are located near the side walls 2a of the frame 2, between which are positioned here two so-called central pulleys 11b and 11c .
  • the pulleys 11 of each drum 3 are designated by the successive reference numerals 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, from the load side to the storage coil side.
  • the figure 3 shows in detail the structure of the drum 3 'provided with six peripheral annular grooves 6.
  • the structure of the other drum 3 "of the winch 1 is distinguished only by the presence of an additional annular groove 6 at its outer pulley 11 d " , serving to guide the end of the cable C " connected to the storage coil.
  • the driving means 4 a ', 4 b' , 4 c ' and 4 d' associated with the pulleys 11 a ' , 11 b' , 11 c ' and 11 d' of this drum 3 ' are visible on the figure 2 .
  • the first central pulley 11 b ' just downstream of the outer pulley 11a' load side, comprises on the one hand, an active peripheral surface 12 b 'provided with a single groove 6 b', and the other on the one hand, a central cylindrical surface 13b ' cooperating with the central shaft 9 forming its rotational bearing, by means 14' of the bearings / spacers type.
  • This central pulley 11b ' has two axial tubular extensions b1' and 15b2 ' , arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface 12b ' (respectively on the cable side "under high voltage” and “on low voltage "to form a half-section T-piece), intended here to constitute the rotational bearings of the other pulleys 11 'of the drum 3'.
  • the peripheral annular end 16 b ' of the axial tubular extension 15 b1' ("high voltage" side) is structured to cooperate with the dedicated motor means 4b ' ; this tubular extension 15 b1 ' , in addition to constituting a rotation bearing, forms thus a sort of return structure intended to cooperate with the corresponding motor means.
  • the other central pulley 11c ' has an "active" cylindrical surface 12c ' , also provided with a single annular groove 6c ' .
  • This central pulley 11c ' has a single axial tubular extension c' , extending along the length of the extension b2 'of the first central pulley 11b' (to form a half-section L-shaped).
  • the central cylindrical surface 13c ' of this central pulley 11c' constituted mainly by its axial tubular extension 15c ' , cooperates with the cylindrical surface 17b2 ' of the second axial extension 15b2 'of the first central pulley 11b' , through means 14 of the type bearings / spacers.
  • the axial tubular extension 15 ' is additionally provided at its end with the annular ring 16 ' shaped to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4c ' .
  • the first outer pulley 11 a ' in the general shape of a ring, comprises an active peripheral surface 12 ' provided with a single groove 6 ' intended to cooperate with the cable under "high voltage", ie say on the side of its end connected to the load.
  • This outer pulley 11 ' has a cylindrical central surface 13a ' which cooperates with the peripheral surface 17b1 ' of the first tubular extension 15b1' of the first central pulley 11b ' (forming its rotation bearing).
  • annular outer portion 16 a ' here constituting this pulley 11 a' , is shaped to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4 a ' .
  • the second outer pulley 11 of a general shape of a ring has an active cylindrical surface 12 of a group provided with three grooves 6 of, for receiving the cable "under low” voltage (side of the coil storage).
  • This pulley 11 to further comprises a central cylindrical surface 13 of cooperating, through means of bearings Type / spacers 14, with the cylindrical surface 17c 'of the tubular extension 15 c' (forming level) of the second central pulley 11 c .
  • This pulley 11 d ' also comprises an outer annular portion 16 of , adapted to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4 d' .
  • the annular end rings 16 of the various pulleys 11 are each structured in the form of an axial ring gear, adapted to cooperate with a complementary pinion 20 ( figure 2 ) driven by the dedicated motor means 4.
  • ring gears 16 are located on either side of the active cylindrical surface 5 of the drum 3: the rings 16 and 16b are located on one side of the active cylindrical surface 5, and the rings 16 c and 16 d the other.
  • Crowns 16b and 16c associated with the central pulleys 11 b and 11 c are in outer position with respect to the other two rings 16 a and 16 d of outer pulleys 11a and 11d.
  • the motor means 4, each specific to one of the pulleys 11, are controlled by electronic / computer type control means (not shown), configured to rotate each of the pulleys 11, so as to exert appropriate traction. on the cable while ensuring a gradual reduction in tension and the elongation of the latter, since it the first outer pulley 11a to the second outer pulley 11d.
  • the motor means 4 " associated with the outer pulley 11 a" of the second drum 3 ", on which is wound first, within the winch, the" high voltage "side C ' of the cable C , are controlled by regulation means configured in speed control.
  • the other pulleys 11b “ , 11c” and 11d “ of this second drum 3" and the pulleys 11 'of the first drum 3' have an operation of the slave type with respect to the outer pulley 11a " mentioned above, then constituting the pulley master.
  • the control of these pulleys 11 slaves is effected by control means configured in torque control, that is to say so as to balance their torque relative to that of the outer pulley master 11 " .
  • the cable is stored on a storage spool (not shown, located on the side of the drum 3 '), and it is properly wound on the two drums 3' and 3 "of the winch 1, this in a helical type arrangement
  • the cable enters at the groove 6 " of the second drum 3", and exits at the groove 6 of the first drum 3 '.
  • the cable is housed in the outer half-circle portion of each annular groove 6; and lower and upper cable strands, horizontal or substantially horizontal, pass from the annular groove 6 of a drum 3 to the annular groove 6 of the other drum 3, the upper strands passing from the groove 6 of a pulley 11 at the groove 6 of a next pulley 11 (towards the load side or the reel side).
  • grooves 6 are grouped on the second outer pulley 11 d , to finalize the gradual decline in tension of the cable. Variations of tension and elongation within the latter grooves 6 being limited, these grooves are grouped on the same pulley 11 d without causing the cable significant friction, likely to degrade.
  • the winch according to the invention thus has the advantage of having an optimized size, which is particularly important to limit the loss of surface on the deck of boats or offshore platforms.
  • this structure has the advantage of particularly effectively compensating the elongation of the cable; this compensation is further improved by the automatic regulation of the rotation of the different pulleys, with respect to each other.
  • the outer pulley Note that 11d, storage reel side, may comprise a group of two and five annular grooves.
  • the number of grooves on this pulley is in particular adapted according to the desired final reduction of tension.
  • the central pulleys are advantageously two to six in number. This number of central pulleys is mainly chosen according to the elongation characteristics of the associated cable and the voltages it undergoes: a highly elastic cable is advantageously wound on a larger number of pulleys to effectively reduce its voltage while limiting the phenomena. friction.
  • each pulley 11 may be associated with several drive members, in particular to gain power, depending on the load to maneuver.

Abstract

A winch (1) for pulling a cable (C) for maneuvering a load is composed of two motorized drums (3) each including an active cylindrical peripheral surface (5) equipped with several annular grooves (6), the cable intended to be wound around the two drums (3) according to a helical arrangement. The motorized drums are each formed from at least three pulleys (11), that can each be rotated around a common central axis (10), cooperating with their own dedicated motor element (4) and including a cylindrical peripheral surface equipped with at least one of the grooves: two pulleys known as outer pulleys (11a, 11d), positioned between which is at least one pulley known as a central pulley (11b, 11c). The central pulleys include at least one axial cylindrical extension, the cylindrical peripheral surface of which constitutes a rotation bearing for the central cylindrical surface of at least one of the other pulleys.

Description

La présente invention concerne les treuils pour la traction d'un câble, en particulier d'un câble synthétique employé en offshore pour la manoeuvre d'une charge. Elle concerne en particulier un treuil du genre comportant une fonction de réduction de la tension à laquelle sont soumis les câbles subissant des efforts de traction, cela afin de compenser les phénomènes d'allongement créés par cette tension, avant leur enroulement sur une bobine de stockage.The present invention relates to winches for pulling a cable, in particular a synthetic cable used in offshore for the maneuvering of a load. It relates in particular to a winch of the type comprising a function of reducing the voltage to which the cables undergoing tensile stresses are subjected, in order to compensate for the elongation phenomena created by this tension, before winding them on a storage reel. .

En offshore, les charges (matériels, conduites, câbles techniques, vannes, etc.) sont très généralement déposées et récupérées au fond de la mer à l'aide de câbles métalliques (souvent réalisés en acier), manoeuvrés au moyen de treuils de traction et emmagasinés sur une bobine de stockage.In the offshore, loads (materials, pipes, technical cables, valves, etc.) are generally deposited and recovered at the bottom of the sea using wire ropes (often made of steel), manipulated by means of traction winches. and stored on a storage reel.

Au cours de ces opérations de manoeuvre de la charge, les câbles sont soumis à des efforts de traction élevés. Or, pour obtenir un enroulement approprié sur leur bobine de stockage, ces câbles doivent être détendus et replacés dans un état de « faible tension ».During these operations of handling the load, the cables are subjected to high tensile forces. However, to obtain a suitable winding on their storage coil, these cables must be relaxed and replaced in a state of "low voltage".

Pour cela, certains treuils enrouleurs/dérouleurs « compacts » se composent de deux tambours motorisés, positionnés en regard l'un de l'autre, comportant chacun une surface périphérique cylindrique « active » munie de plusieurs gorges annulaires juxtaposées et coaxiales les unes par rapport aux autres.For this purpose, certain "compact" winding / unwinding winches consist of two motorized drums, positioned facing each other, each having an "active" cylindrical peripheral surface provided with several annular grooves juxtaposed and coaxial with each other relative to each other. to others.

Le câble est enroulé autour de ces deux tambours selon un agencement de type hélicoïdal, passant de la gorge annulaire d'un tambour à la gorge annulaire suivante de l'autre tambour. Il coopère avec ces tambours par un phénomène du type adhérence frottement, selon plusieurs arcs de glissement ; cette interaction adhérence frottement et la succession d'arcs de glissement, permettent de le ramener, à la sortie du treuil et côté bobine de stockage, dans un état de faible tension.The cable is wrapped around these two drums in a helical arrangement, passing from the annular groove of one drum to the next annular groove of the other drum. It cooperates with these drums by a friction-type friction phenomenon, according to several sliding arcs; this interaction friction adhesion and the succession of sliding arcs, allow to bring it back to the output of the winch and storage coil side, in a low voltage state.

Les câbles métalliques mis en oeuvre ont l'avantage d'être particulièrement résistants, cependant ils ont l'inconvénient majeur de présenter un poids très élevé.The metal cables used have the advantage of being particularly resistant, however they have the major disadvantage of having a very high weight.

Cette caractéristique pose en particulier problème lors de la manoeuvre d'une charge à très grande profondeur (plusieurs milliers de mètres). En effet, une fois le câble déroulé, la motorisation du treuil associé doit être suffisamment puissante pour tracter le poids du câble déroulé en plus du poids de la charge portée.This characteristic is particularly problematic when maneuvering a load at very great depth (several thousand meters). Indeed, once the cable unrolled, the motorization of the associated winch must be powerful enough to tow the weight of the unrolled cable in addition to the weight of the load carried.

En d'autres termes, la puissance de treuil mobilisable pour la manoeuvre de la charge, est ainsi amputée par le poids du câble déroulé.In other words, the winch power mobilisable for handling the load, is thus reduced by the weight of the unrolled cable.

Pour ces différentes raisons, une voie intéressante serait de remplacer les câbles métalliques par des câbles réalisés en un matériau synthétique, par exemple du genre polyester.For these different reasons, an interesting way would be to replace the metal cables with cables made of a synthetic material, for example of the polyester kind.

En effet, ce type de câble synthétique a l'intérêt d'être particulièrement résistant et léger, cette dernière caractéristique étant encore accentuée lors de sa plongée dans l'eau (du fait d'un phénomène de flottaison). De tels câbles synthétiques ont en plus l'avantage de pouvoir être fabriqués sans réelles limites de longueur, ce qui est particulièrement intéressant pour les déposes de charges à très grande profondeur. De plus, la bobine de stockage, associée à un câble synthétique, a une inertie moins importante.Indeed, this type of synthetic cable has the advantage of being particularly resistant and lightweight, the latter feature being further accentuated when diving into the water (due to a flotation phenomenon). Such synthetic cables have in addition the advantage of being able to be manufactured without real limits of length, which is particularly interesting for depositing loads at very great depth. In addition, the storage coil, associated with a synthetic cable, has a lower inertia.

Cependant, la plupart des treuils actuels à deux tambours, décrits ci-dessus, ne sont pas vraiment utilisables avec ce type de câble synthétique.However, most current winches with two drums, described above, are not really usable with this type of synthetic cable.

En effet, contrairement aux câbles métalliques, ces câbles synthétiques ont une élasticité élevée ; et ils s'allongent significativement lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des efforts de traction importants. C'est le cas au sein des treuils, dans lesquels ils passent d'une tension faible, côté bobine, à une tension élevé, côté charge.In fact, unlike metal cables, these synthetic cables have a high elasticity; and they lengthen significantly when subjected to significant tensile stresses. This is the case in winches, in which they move from a low voltage, coil side, to a high voltage, load side.

Or, ces phénomènes d'allongements ne sont pas gérés et compensés activement au sein des treuils classiques, ce qui est à l'origine de frottements avec les tambours, générateurs d'échauffements et par conséquent susceptibles de détériorer la structure desdits câbles synthétiques, sensibles aux élévations de température.However, these elongation phenomena are not actively managed and compensated within the conventional winches, which is at the origin of friction with the drums, generators of heating and therefore likely to deteriorate the structure of said synthetic cables, sensitive at temperature rises.

Une structure particulière de treuil de traction, susceptible de récupérer les contraintes d'allongement appliquées sur les câbles synthétiques, est décrite dans le document FR-2 777 555 .A particular tensile winch structure capable of recovering the stresses of elongation applied on the synthetic cables is described in the document FR-2,777,555 .

Le treuil correspondant se compose de deux rangées de plusieurs tambours, les tambours de chaque rangée étant décalés les uns par rapport aux autres à la fois radialement et axialement. Ces tambours comportent chacun leur propre motorisation et une unique gorge périphérique sur laquelle est enroulé le câble à tracter.The corresponding winch consists of two rows of several drums, the drums of each row being offset relative to each other both radially and axially. These drums each have their own motor and a single peripheral groove on which is wound the cable to be towed.

En pratique, la puissance de traction sur chaque tambour peut alors être réglée de sorte que la puissance locale de traction soit maintenue à un niveau suffisamment faible pour ne pas endommager le câble.In practice, the pulling power on each drum can then be adjusted so that the local traction power is kept low enough not to damage the cable.

Cependant, une telle structure de treuil a l'inconvénient majeur d'occuper un encombrement très important sur le pont du bateau ou de la plateforme à équiper.However, such a winch structure has the major disadvantage of occupying a very large footprint on the deck of the boat or the platform to be equipped.

Une autre structure de treuil adaptée en particulier pour la traction de câbles synthétiques est décrite dans le document FR-1 465 703 .Another winch structure adapted in particular for pulling synthetic cables is described in the document FR-1 465 703 .

Ce treuil se compose de deux tambours positionnés en regard l'un de l'autre, constitués chacun de plusieurs poulies à gorges coaxiales montées sur un même axe central. Ici, l'axe central porte deux poulies comportant chacune une gorge, chacune desdites poulie comportant un prolongement latéral unique servant lui-même de palier pour une autre poulie à gorge(s). Les différentes poulies sont associées individuellement à leur propre motorisation.This winch consists of two drums positioned facing each other, each consisting of several coaxial grooved pulleys mounted on the same axis central. Here, the central axis carries two pulleys each having a groove, each of said pulley having a single lateral extension itself serving as a bearing for another grooved pulley (s). The different pulleys are individually associated with their own motorization.

Une telle structure de treuil n'est pas non plus des plus compactes.Such a winch structure is also not very compact.

Pour remédier à ces problèmes, le demandeur a mis au point une nouvelle structure de treuil adaptée en particulier pour la traction de câbles synthétiques, du type de celle décrite dans le document précité FR-1 465 703 , qui a l'intérêt de présenter un encombrement optimisé et plus réduit, et d'être très bien équilibré, tout en assurant une compensation significative et efficace de l'allongement du câble tracté.To remedy these problems, the applicant has developed a new winch structure adapted in particular for pulling synthetic cables, of the type described in the aforementioned document. FR-1 465 703 , which has the advantage of having an optimized and smaller footprint, and to be very well balanced, while ensuring a significant and effective compensation of the elongation of the towed cable.

Ainsi, le treuil pour la traction d'un câble selon l'invention est du type à deux tambours motorisés, positionnés en regard l'un de l'autre, comportant chacun une surface périphérique cylindrique active munie de plusieurs gorges annulaires juxtaposées et coaxiales les unes par rapport aux autres, ledit câble étant destiné à être enroulé autour desdits deux tambours selon un agencement de type hélicoïdal, lesquels deux tambours motorisés sont chacun formés d'au moins trois poulies, montées mobiles en rotation sur un arbre porteur axial, autour d'un axe central commun et coopérant chacune avec leurs propres moyens moteurs dédiés.Thus, the winch for pulling a cable according to the invention is of the type with two motorized drums, positioned facing each other, each having an active cylindrical peripheral surface provided with several annular grooves juxtaposed and coaxial with each other. relative to each other, said cable being intended to be wound around said two drums in a helical arrangement, which two motorized drums are each formed of at least three pulleys mounted rotatably on an axial bearing shaft, around a common central axis and cooperating each with their own dedicated motor means.

Ces poulies comportent chacune une surface périphérique cylindrique munie d'au moins l'une des gorges de manière à constituer chacune une portion de la surface active de tambour, à savoir deux poulies dites extérieures entre lesquelles est disposée au moins une poulie dite centrale. La poulie ou les poulies centrales comportent au moins un prolongement cylindrique axial dont la surface périphérique cylindrique constitue un palier de rotation pour la surface cylindrique centrale de l'une au moins des autres poulies, correspondant à sa surface centrale de rotation.These pulleys each comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface provided with at least one of the grooves so as to constitute each a portion of the active drum surface, namely two said outer pulleys between which is disposed at least one so-called central pulley. The pulley or central pulleys comprise at least one axial cylindrical extension whose cylindrical peripheral surface constitutes a rotational bearing for the central cylindrical surface of at least one of the other pulleys, corresponding to its central rotational surface.

Conformément à l'invention, ladite ou l'une au moins desdites poulies centrales comporte deux prolongements tubulaires axiaux, agencés de part et d'autre de sa surface périphérique active munie d'une gorge unique et formant chacun un palier de rotation pour la surface cylindrique centrale de l'une au moins desdites autres poulies.According to the invention, said at least one of said central pulleys comprises two axial tubular extensions, arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface provided with a single groove and each forming a rotation bearing for the surface. central cylinder of at least one of said other pulleys.

Selon une forme de réalisation particulièrement intéressante, la surface cylindrique formant palier d'une poulie centrale autre que la première poulie centrale coopérant avec l'arbre porteur axial fixe, correspond à la surface cylindrique périphérique de l'un des prolongements axiaux de ladite première poulie centrale.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the cylindrical surface forming a bearing of a central pulley other than the first central pulley cooperating with the fixed axial bearing shaft, corresponds to the peripheral cylindrical surface of one of the axial extensions of said first pulley. Central.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le ou l'un au moins des prolongements axiaux des poulies sert également à la liaison avec les moyens moteurs dédiés.According to another characteristic, the at least one of the axial extensions of the pulleys also serves for connection with the dedicated motor means.

D'autre part, selon une forme de réalisation intéressante, l'une des poulies extérieure des tambours est munie d'une gorge unique cylindrique, destinée à recevoir le câble sous « haute tension », côté charge ; l'autre poulie extérieure comporte un groupe de plusieurs gorges, destinées à recevoir le câble sous « faible tension », côté bobine de stockage.On the other hand, according to an interesting embodiment, one of the outer pulleys of the drums is provided with a single cylindrical groove, intended to receive the cable under "high voltage", load side; the other outer pulley comprises a group of several grooves for receiving the cable under "low voltage" side storage coil.

Dans ce cas, la poulie extérieure située côté bobine de stockage, comporte avantageusement de deux et cinq gorges.In this case, the outer pulley located on the storage reel side advantageously comprises two and five grooves.

Encore selon une autre caractéristique, les deux tambours comportent avantageusement chacun de deux à six poulies centrales, munies chacune d'une gorge annulaire unique.According to another characteristic, the two drums advantageously comprise each of two to six central pulleys, each provided with a single annular groove.

Selon une forme de réalisation particulièrement intéressante, les deux tambours comportent chacun quatre poulies :

  • une première poulie centrale comportant, d'une part, une surface cylindrique centrale coopérant avec un arbre porteur axial fixe, constituant son palier de rotation, et d'autre part, deux prolongements tubulaires axiaux, formant palier, agencés de part et d'autre de sa surface périphérique active munie d'une gorge unique, l'un desdits prolongements coopérant avec ses propres moyens moteurs dédiés,
  • une première poulie extérieure comportant une surface centrale cylindrique apte à coopérer avec la surface périphérique d'un premier prolongement tubulaire de ladite première poulie centrale, dont la surface périphérique active comporte une gorge unique, et dont la partie extérieure coopère avec ses propres moyens moteurs,
  • une seconde poulie centrale comportant - une surface cylindrique active munie d'une gorge unique, - une surface centrale cylindrique apte à coopérer avec la surface du second prolongement axial formant palier de ladite première poulie centrale, et - un prolongement tubulaire axial coopérant avec ses propres moyens moteurs, et
  • une seconde poulie extérieure munie d'une surface cylindrique centrale apte à coopérer avec le prolongement tubulaire formant palier de la seconde poulie centrale, dont la surface cylindrique active est munie d'un groupe de gorges, et dont la partie extérieure coopère avec ses propres moyens moteurs.
According to a particularly interesting embodiment, the two drums each comprise four pulleys:
  • a first central pulley comprising, on the one hand, a central cylindrical surface cooperating with a fixed axial bearing shaft, constituting its rotational bearing, and on the other hand, two axial tubular extensions, forming a bearing, arranged on either side its active peripheral surface provided with a single groove, one of said extensions cooperating with its own dedicated motor means,
  • a first outer pulley having a cylindrical central surface adapted to cooperate with the peripheral surface of a first tubular extension of said first central pulley, whose active peripheral surface comprises a single groove, and whose outer portion cooperates with its own motor means,
  • a second central pulley comprising - an active cylindrical surface provided with a single groove, - a cylindrical central surface capable of cooperating with the surface of the second axial extension forming a bearing of said first central pulley, and - an axial tubular extension cooperating with its own motor means, and
  • a second outer pulley provided with a central cylindrical surface adapted to cooperate with the tubular bearing extension of the second central pulley, whose active cylindrical surface is provided with a group of grooves, and whose outer part cooperates with its own means engines.

Selon encore une autre particularité le ou l'un au moins des prolongements axiaux des poulies centrales, et la partie extérieure des poulies extérieures, comportent une couronne dentée axiale apte à coopérer avec au moins un pignon complémentaire entraîné par des moyens moteurs dédiés, lesdites couronnes dentées étant réparties de part et d'autre de la surface cylindrique active des tambours .According to yet another feature, the at least one axial extension of the central pulleys, and the outer portion of the outer pulleys, comprise an axial ring gear adapted to cooperate with at least one additional gear driven by dedicated drive means, said rings teeth are distributed on either side of the cylindrical surface activates drums.

De manière particulièrement avantageuse les moyens moteurs associés à la poulie extérieure, dite poulie maître, de l'un des tambours, située du côté charge, sont pilotés par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle de vitesse, et les moyens moteurs associés aux autres poulies, dites poulies esclaves, sont pilotés par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle du couple.In a particularly advantageous manner, the motor means associated with the outer pulley, called the master pulley, of one of the drums, situated on the load side, are controlled by control means configured in speed control, and the motor means associated with the other pulleys, called slave pulleys, are controlled by control means configured in torque control.

D'autre part, avantageusement :

  • les deux tambours sont orientés angulairement l'un par rapport à l'autre, notamment pour éviter le vrillage du câble ; par exemple, l'un des tambours est incliné selon un angle de 2 ° environ par rapport à l'horizontale, et l'autre tambour est incliné dans l'autre sens, selon un angle de 1 ° environ par rapport à l'horizontale ;
  • les deux tambours sont portés par les deux parois verticales d'un châssis, ce dernier formant également la structure support pour les moyens moteurs d'entraînement des poulies constitutives ;
  • les surfaces centrales cylindriques des poulies coopèrent avec leur surface respective formant palier de rotation, par le biais de moyens de type roulement / entretoise.
On the other hand, advantageously:
  • the two drums are angularly oriented relative to each other, in particular to prevent twisting of the cable; for example, one of the drums is inclined at an angle of about 2 ° to the horizontal, and the other drum is inclined in the other direction, at an angle of about 1 ° to the horizontal ;
  • the two drums are carried by the two vertical walls of a frame, the latter also forming the support structure for the driving means for driving the constituent pulleys;
  • the cylindrical central surfaces of the pulleys cooperate with their respective bearing surface rotation, by means of bearing / spacer type means.

La présente invention porte encore sur une installation pour la traction d'un câble comportant un treuil tel que décrit ci-dessus, associé à une bobine de stockage.The present invention also relates to an installation for pulling a cable comprising a winch as described above, associated with a storage reel.

L'invention est encore illustrée, sans être aucunement limitée, par la description suivante d'une forme de réalisation possible, et représentée par les dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale et en perspective, d'un treuil conforme à l'invention, destiné à équiper une installation pour la traction d'un câble, en particulier d'un câble synthétique employé en offshore pour la manoeuvre d'une charge ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du treuil conforme à la figure 1, avec une coupe locale du châssis et des deux tambours motorisés associés ;
  • la figure 3 montre de manière schématique l'un des tambours, isolé du reste du treuil, avec une coupe transversale plane passant par son axe de rotation.
The invention is further illustrated, without being limited in any way, by the following description of a possible embodiment, and represented by the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a general perspective view of a winch according to the invention, intended to equip an installation for pulling a cable, in particular a synthetic cable used offshore for the maneuvering of a load;
  • the figure 2 is a top view of the winch according to the figure 1 , with a local cut of the frame and the two associated motor drums;
  • the figure 3 shows schematically one of the drums, isolated from the rest of the winch, with a plane cross section passing through its axis of rotation.

Le treuil de traction 1, tel que représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, a une structure adaptée pour la traction d'un câble C (représenté schématiquement par un trait discontinu sur la figure 2), en particulier d'un câble synthétique employé en offshore pour la manoeuvre d'une charge.The traction winch 1, as shown on the figures 1 and 2 , has a structure adapted for pulling a cable C (shown schematically by a dashed line on the figure 2 ), in particular of a synthetic cable used in offshore for the maneuvering of a load.

Ce treuil 1 est, de manière classique, associé à une bobine de stockage (non représentée), pour former ensemble une installation de manoeuvre d'un câble, pouvant équiper par exemple le pont d'un bateau ou une plateforme pétrolière.This winch 1 is conventionally associated with a storage reel (not shown), to form together a cable maneuvering facility, which can equip for example the deck of a boat or oil platform.

Le treuil 1 se compose d'un châssis 2 comportant deux parois latérales 2a, à distance et en regard l'une de l'autre, entre lesquelles sont installés et portés, d'une part, deux tambours motorisés 3' et 3" positionnés en regard l'un de l'autre, sur lesquels est convenablement enroulé le câble synthétique, et d'autre part, plusieurs organes moteurs 4 assurant la manoeuvre de ces deux tambours 3' et 3".The winch 1 consists of a frame 2 having two side walls 2a, at a distance and facing one another, between which are installed and carried, on the one hand, two motorized drums 3 'and 3 "positioned facing each other, on which is properly wound the synthetic cable, and secondly, several drive members 4 ensuring the operation of these two drums 3 'and 3 ".

Chaque tambour 3', 3" est associé ici à quatre organes moteurs 4 (respectivement 4a', 4b', 4c', 4d' et 4a", 4b", 4c", 4d"), pour leur manoeuvre en rotation lors des opérations d'enroulage ou de déroulage du câble.Each drum 3 ', 3 "is associated here with four drive members 4 (respectively 4a', 4b ', 4c', 4d 'and 4a', 4b ', 4c', 4d") for their operation in rotation during the winding or unwinding of the cable.

Les deux tambours 3' et 3" comportent chacun une surface périphérique cylindrique active 5' et 5", munie de gorges annulaires 6 dont la section, ici en forme générale de V ou de U, est adaptée pour recevoir et maintenir efficacement le câble enroulé sur le treuil.The two drums 3 'and 3 "each comprise an active cylindrical peripheral surface 5' and 5", provided with annular grooves 6 whose section, here in the general V or U-shaped, is adapted to receive and effectively hold the wound cable on the winch.

Les tambours 3' et 3" comportent ici chacun un groupe de gorges annulaires 6, respectivement au nombre de six et sept, qui sont juxtaposées et coaxiales les unes par rapport aux autres. Chaque groupe de gorges 6 est ménagé sur la zone centrale du tambour 3', 3" associé.The drums 3 'and 3 "here each comprise a group of annular grooves 6, six and seven in number respectively, which are juxtaposed and coaxial relative to each other Each group of grooves 6 is arranged on the central zone of the drum 3 ', 3 "associated.

De manière générale, le câble C est destiné à être enroulé autour des deux tambours 3' et 3" selon un agencement habituel de type hélicoïdal, au sein de chacune de leurs gorges annulaires 6.In general, the cable C is intended to be wound around the two drums 3 'and 3 "in a usual helical type arrangement, within each of their annular grooves 6.

Ce câble est destiné à être associé, d'un côté C' à la charge à manoeuvrer, formant ainsi son extrémité « haute tension », et d'un autre côté C" à la bobine de stockage, correspondant ainsi à son extrémité sous « faible tension ».This cable is intended to be associated, on one side C 'with the load to be maneuvered, thus forming its "high voltage" end, and on the other side C "with the storage coil, thus corresponding to its end under" low voltage.

L'enroulement du câble C au sein des gorges 6 des deux tambours 3 permet la réduction progressive de sa tension et par corollaire de son allongement.The winding of the cable C within the grooves 6 of the two drums 3 allows the gradual reduction of its tension and corollary of its elongation.

Les deux tambours 3 sont orientés angulairement l'un par rapport à l'autre, pour éviter le vrillage du câble.The two drums 3 are oriented angularly relative to each other, to avoid twisting of the cable.

En l'occurrence, l'un des tambours 3 est incliné selon un angle de 2° environ par rapport à l'horizontale, et l'autre tambour 3 est incliné selon un angle de 1 ° environ par rapport à l'horizontale, cela en sens inverse l'un par rapport à l'autre.In this case, one of the drums 3 is inclined at an angle of about 2 ° relative to the horizontal, and the other drum 3 is inclined at an angle of about 1 ° relative to the horizontal, this in opposite directions to each other.

La présente structure de treuil 1 a l'avantage d'être particulièrement compacte, et elle est particulièrement adaptée pour réduire efficacement la tension du câble et ainsi compenser activement son allongement.The present winch structure 1 has the advantage of being particularly compact, and it is particularly adapted to effectively reduce the tension of the cable and thus actively compensate for its elongation.

A cet effet, comme représenté sur la figure 2, les deux tambours motorisés 3 sont chacun formés d'un arbre porteur axial fixe 9, d'axe central 10, associé au châssis 2 du treuil 1, et portant sur sa longueur plusieurs poulies 11, en l'occurrence au nombre de quatre (11a, 11b, 11c et 11d), juxtaposées et imbriquées les unes dans les autres pour former ensemble le corps du tambour 3.For this purpose, as shown on the figure 2 , the two motorized drums 3 are each formed of a fixed axial bearing shaft 9, of central axis 10, associated with the frame 2 of the winch 1, and carrying along its length several pulleys 11, in this case four in number ( 11 a, 11 b, 11 c and 11 d), juxtaposed and nested into each other to form together the body of the drum 3.

Chacune des poulies 11 des tambours 3 est mobile en rotation autour de l'axe central commun 10, et est manoeuvrée individuellement par des moyens moteurs propres 4.Each of the pulleys 11 of the drums 3 is rotatable around the common central axis 10, and is individually operated by clean motor means 4.

Elles comportent chacune une surface périphérique cylindrique 12 formant un tronçon cylindrique de la surface active 5 du tambour 3, et elles sont munies d'au moins une des gorges annulaires 6 ; ces poulies 11 comportent également une surface cylindrique centrale 13 destinée à coopérer avec une surface cylindrique complémentaire formant leur palier de rotation.They each comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface 12 forming a cylindrical section of the active surface 5 of the drum 3, and they are provided with at least one of the annular grooves 6; these pulleys 11 also comprise a central cylindrical surface 13 intended to cooperate with a complementary cylindrical surface forming their rotational bearing.

Les poulies 11 de chaque tambour 3 sont de deux types, en fonction de leur position sur la longueur de l'arbre support 9 associé : deux poulies dites extérieures 11a et 11d se situent à proximité des parois latérales 2a du châssis 2, entre lesquelles sont positionnées ici deux poulies dites centrales 11b et 11c.The pulleys 11 of each drum 3 are of two types, depending on their position along the length of the support shaft 9 associated two pulleys said outer 11a and 11d are located near the side walls 2a of the frame 2, between which are positioned here two so-called central pulleys 11b and 11c .

Pour simplifier la suite de la description, les poulies 11 de chaque tambour 3 sont désignées par les repères numériques successifs 11a, 11b, 11c et 11d, depuis le côté charge vers le côté bobine de stockage.To simplify the following description, the pulleys 11 of each drum 3 are designated by the successive reference numerals 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, from the load side to the storage coil side.

La figure 3 montre en détail la structure du tambour 3' muni de six gorges annulaires périphériques 6. La structure de l'autre tambour 3" du treuil 1 s'en distingue uniquement par la présence d'une gorge annulaire supplémentaire 6 au niveau de sa poulie extérieure 11d",servant au guidage de l'extrémité du câble C" reliée à la bobine de stockage.The figure 3 shows in detail the structure of the drum 3 'provided with six peripheral annular grooves 6. The structure of the other drum 3 "of the winch 1 is distinguished only by the presence of an additional annular groove 6 at its outer pulley 11 d " , serving to guide the end of the cable C " connected to the storage coil.

Les moyens moteurs 4a', 4b', 4c' et 4d' associés aux poulies 11a', 11b', 11c' et 11d' de ce tambour 3' sont visible sur la figure 2.The driving means 4 a ', 4 b' , 4 c ' and 4 d' associated with the pulleys 11 a ' , 11 b' , 11 c ' and 11 d' of this drum 3 'are visible on the figure 2 .

Tel que représenté sur cette figure 3, la première poulie centrale 11b', juste en aval de la poulie extérieure 11a' côté charge, comporte, d'une part, une surface périphérique active 12b' munie d'une gorge unique 6b', et d'autre part, une surface cylindrique centrale 13b' coopérant avec l'arbre central 9 formant son palier de rotation, par le biais de moyens 14' du type roulements/entretoises.As represented on this figure 3 The first central pulley 11 b ', just downstream of the outer pulley 11a' load side, comprises on the one hand, an active peripheral surface 12 b 'provided with a single groove 6 b', and the other on the one hand, a central cylindrical surface 13b ' cooperating with the central shaft 9 forming its rotational bearing, by means 14' of the bearings / spacers type.

Le corps de cette poulie centrale 11b' comporte deux prolongements tubulaires axiaux 15b1' et 15b2', agencés de part et d'autre de sa surface périphérique active 12b' (respectivement du côté câble « sous haute tension » et « sous basse tension », pour former une pièce à demi-section en T), destinés ici à constituer les paliers de rotation des autres poulies 11' du tambour 3'.The body of this central pulley 11b ' has two axial tubular extensions b1' and 15b2 ' , arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface 12b ' (respectively on the cable side "under high voltage" and "on low voltage "to form a half-section T-piece), intended here to constitute the rotational bearings of the other pulleys 11 'of the drum 3'.

L'extrémité annulaire périphérique 16b' du prolongement tubulaire axial 15b1' (côté « haute tension ») est structurée pour coopérer avec les moyens moteurs dédiés 4b'; ce prolongement tubulaire 15b1', en plus de constituer un palier de rotation, forme ainsi une sorte de structure de renvoi destinée à coopérer avec les moyens moteurs correspondants.The peripheral annular end 16 b ' of the axial tubular extension 15 b1' ("high voltage" side) is structured to cooperate with the dedicated motor means 4b ' ; this tubular extension 15 b1 ' , in addition to constituting a rotation bearing, forms thus a sort of return structure intended to cooperate with the corresponding motor means.

L'autre poulie centrale 11c' comporte une surface cylindrique « active » 12c', munie également d'une unique gorge annulaire 6c'.The other central pulley 11c ' has an "active" cylindrical surface 12c ' , also provided with a single annular groove 6c ' .

Cette poulie centrale 11c' comporte un unique prolongement tubulaire axial 15c', s'étendant sur la longueur du prolongement 15b2' de la première poulie centrale 11b' (pour former une pièce à demi-section en L).This central pulley 11c ' has a single axial tubular extension c' , extending along the length of the extension b2 'of the first central pulley 11b' (to form a half-section L-shaped).

La surface centrale cylindrique 13c' de cette poulie centrale 11c', constituée principalement par son prolongement tubulaire axial 15c', coopère avec la surface cylindrique 17b2' du second prolongement axial 15b2' de la première poulie centrale 11b', par le biais de moyens 14 du type roulements/entretoises.The central cylindrical surface 13c ' of this central pulley 11c' , constituted mainly by its axial tubular extension 15c ' , cooperates with the cylindrical surface 17b2 ' of the second axial extension 15b2 'of the first central pulley 11b' , through means 14 of the type bearings / spacers.

Le prolongement tubulaire axial 15c'est, en plus, muni à son extrémité de la couronne annulaire 16c' conformée pour coopérer avec ses propres moyens moteurs dédiés 4c'.The axial tubular extension 15 ' is additionally provided at its end with the annular ring 16 ' shaped to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4c ' .

La première poulie extérieure 11a', en forme générale de couronne, comporte une surface périphérique active 12a' munie d'une gorge unique 6a', destinée à coopérer avec le câble sous « haute tension ", c'est-à-dire du côté de son extrémité reliée à la charge.The first outer pulley 11 a ' , in the general shape of a ring, comprises an active peripheral surface 12 ' provided with a single groove 6 ' intended to cooperate with the cable under "high voltage", ie say on the side of its end connected to the load.

Cette poulie extérieure 11a' comporte une surface centrale cylindrique 13a' qui coopère avec la surface périphérique 17b1' du premier prolongement tubulaire 15b1' de la première poulie centrale 11b' (formant son palier de rotation).This outer pulley 11 ' has a cylindrical central surface 13a ' which cooperates with the peripheral surface 17b1 ' of the first tubular extension 15b1' of the first central pulley 11b ' (forming its rotation bearing).

Sa partie extérieure annulaire 16a', constitutive ici de cette poulie 11a', est conformée pour coopérer avec ses propres moyens moteurs dédiés 4a'.Its annular outer portion 16 a ' , here constituting this pulley 11 a' , is shaped to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4 a ' .

La seconde poulie extérieure 11d', en forme générale de couronne, comporte une surface cylindrique active 12d' munie d'un groupe de trois gorges 6d', destinées à recevoir le câble « sous faible » tension (côté de la bobine de stockage).The second outer pulley 11 of a general shape of a ring, has an active cylindrical surface 12 of a group provided with three grooves 6 of, for receiving the cable "under low" voltage (side of the coil storage).

Cette poulie 11d' comporte encore une surface cylindrique centrale 13d' coopérant, par le biais de moyens du type roulements/entretoises 14, avec la surface cylindrique 17c' du prolongement tubulaire 15c' (formant palier) de la seconde poulie centrale 11c'.This pulley 11 to further comprises a central cylindrical surface 13 of cooperating, through means of bearings Type / spacers 14, with the cylindrical surface 17c 'of the tubular extension 15 c' (forming level) of the second central pulley 11 c .

Cette poulie 11d' comporte également une partie annulaire extérieure 16d', apte à coopérer avec ses propres moyens moteurs dédiés 4d'.This pulley 11 d ' also comprises an outer annular portion 16 of , adapted to cooperate with its own dedicated motor means 4 d' .

Les couronnes annulaires d'extrémité 16 des différentes poulies 11 sont chacune structurées sous la forme d'une couronne dentée axiale, apte à coopérer avec un pignon complémentaire 20 (figure 2) entraîné par les moyens moteurs 4 dédiés.The annular end rings 16 of the various pulleys 11 are each structured in the form of an axial ring gear, adapted to cooperate with a complementary pinion 20 ( figure 2 ) driven by the dedicated motor means 4.

Ces couronnes dentées 16 sont réparties de part et d'autre de la surface cylindrique active 5 des tambours 3 : les couronnes 16a et 16b se situent d'un côté de la surface cylindrique active 5, et les couronnes 16c et 16d de l'autre.These ring gears 16 are located on either side of the active cylindrical surface 5 of the drum 3: the rings 16 and 16b are located on one side of the active cylindrical surface 5, and the rings 16 c and 16 d the other.

Les couronnes 16b et 16c associées aux poulies centrales 11b et 11c se trouvent en position extérieure, par rapport aux deux autres couronnes 16a et 16d des poulies extérieures 11a et 11d.Crowns 16b and 16c associated with the central pulleys 11 b and 11 c are in outer position with respect to the other two rings 16 a and 16 d of outer pulleys 11a and 11d.

Les moyens moteurs 4, propres chacun à l'une des poulies 11, sont contrôlés par des moyens de régulation du type électronique/informatique (non représentés), configurés pour manoeuvrer en rotation chacune des poulies 11, cela de manière à exercer une traction appropriée sur le câble tout en assurant une réduction progressive de la tension et de l'allongement de ce dernier, cela depuis la première poulie extérieure 11a vers la seconde poulie extérieure 11d.The motor means 4, each specific to one of the pulleys 11, are controlled by electronic / computer type control means (not shown), configured to rotate each of the pulleys 11, so as to exert appropriate traction. on the cable while ensuring a gradual reduction in tension and the elongation of the latter, since it the first outer pulley 11a to the second outer pulley 11d.

En l'occurrence, les moyens moteurs 4a" associés à la poulie extérieure 11a" du second tambour 3", sur laquelle est enroulé en premier, au sein du treuil, le côté sous « haute tension » C' du câble C, sont pilotés par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle de vitesse.In this case, the motor means 4 " associated with the outer pulley 11 a" of the second drum 3 ", on which is wound first, within the winch, the" high voltage "side C ' of the cable C , are controlled by regulation means configured in speed control.

Les autres poulies 11b", 11c" et 11d" de ce second tambour 3" et les poulies 11' du premier tambour 3', ont un fonctionnement du type esclave par rapport à la poulie extérieure 11a" précitée, constituant alors la poulie maître. Le pilotage de ces poulies 11 esclaves s'effectue par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle du couple, c'est-à-dire de manière à équilibrer leur couple par rapport à celui de la poulie extérieure maître 11a". The other pulleys 11b " , 11c" and 11d " of this second drum 3" and the pulleys 11 'of the first drum 3' have an operation of the slave type with respect to the outer pulley 11a " mentioned above, then constituting the pulley master.The control of these pulleys 11 slaves is effected by control means configured in torque control, that is to say so as to balance their torque relative to that of the outer pulley master 11 " .

Plus précisément, le sens de rotation et le couple de la poulie extérieure maître 11a" sont détectés en permanence. Ces données sont traitées par les moyens de régulation de couple, de sorte que les moyens moteurs 4 associés aux poulies esclaves leur appliquent un couple proportionnel à celui de la poulie maître 11a".More precisely, the direction of rotation and the torque of the outer master pulley 11a " are continuously detected.These data are processed by the torque control means, so that the motor means 4 associated with the slave pulleys apply a torque thereto. proportional to that of the master pulley 11 a " .

En pratique, le câble est emmagasiné sur une bobine de stockage (non représentée, située du côté du tambour 3'), et il est convenablement enroulé sur les deux tambours 3' et 3" du treuil 1, cela selon un agencement du type hélicoïdal. En l'occurrence, le câble entre au niveau de la gorge 6a" du second tambour 3", et ressort au niveau de la gorge 6d' du premier tambour 3'.In practice, the cable is stored on a storage spool (not shown, located on the side of the drum 3 '), and it is properly wound on the two drums 3' and 3 "of the winch 1, this in a helical type arrangement In this case, the cable enters at the groove 6 " of the second drum 3", and exits at the groove 6 of the first drum 3 '.

Plus précisément, le câble vient se loger dans la portion en demi-cercle extérieure de chaque gorge annulaire 6 ; et des brins de câble inférieurs et supérieurs, horizontaux ou sensiblement horizontaux, passent de la gorge annulaire 6 d'un tambour 3 à la gorge annulaire 6 de l'autre tambour 3, les brins supérieurs passant de la gorge 6 d'une poulie 11 à la gorge 6 d'une poulie 11 suivante (vers le côté charge ou le côté bobine).More specifically, the cable is housed in the outer half-circle portion of each annular groove 6; and lower and upper cable strands, horizontal or substantially horizontal, pass from the annular groove 6 of a drum 3 to the annular groove 6 of the other drum 3, the upper strands passing from the groove 6 of a pulley 11 at the groove 6 of a next pulley 11 (towards the load side or the reel side).

Lorsque l'opérateur souhaite manoeuvrer le câble (en enroulement ou en déroulement), il lui suffit de piloter le sens et la vitesse de rotation de la poulie extérieure maître 11a"; les autres poulies 11 des deux tambours 3, dites esclaves, sont alors pilotées automatiquement, en mode de régulation du couple avec limitation en vitesse, cela en fonction du couple de la poulie maître 11a".When the operator wishes to maneuver the cable (in winding or unwinding), it is sufficient for him to control the direction and speed of rotation of the outer master pulley 11a " ; the other pulleys 11 of the two drums 3, called slaves, are then controlled automatically, in the speed-limited torque regulation mode, as a function of the torque of the master pulley 11 a " .

La tension du câble réduit progressivement depuis les poulies 11a jusqu'aux poulies 11d. En effet, la variation d'allongement de chaque brin de câble au niveau de chaque poulie 11, est absorbée par des rotations adaptées de chacune de ces poulies 11, ce qui permet de limiter, voire de supprimer, les phénomènes de frottement des brins au sein des gorges 6 correspondantes.The cable tension gradually reduced from the pulleys 11a to the pulley 11 d. Indeed, the elongation variation of each cable strand at each pulley 11 is absorbed by rotations adapted to each of these pulleys 11, which makes it possible to limit or even eliminate the phenomena of friction of the strands at within the corresponding 6 throats.

De plus, la présence d'une seule gorge 6 au niveau des poulies 11a, 11b et 11c coopérant avec la partie du câble « sous haute tension », permet de suivre au mieux les phénomènes de variation de longueur du câble dans la zone où il subit les plus fortes variations de tension et d'allongement. Les phénomènes de frottement sont ainsi réduits, voire supprimés.In addition, the presence of only one groove 6 at the pulleys 11 a, 11 b and 11 c cooperating with the part of the "high voltage" cable, allows to better monitor the cable length variation phenomena in the area where it undergoes the greatest variations of tension and elongation. The phenomena of friction are thus reduced or even eliminated.

De même, plusieurs gorges 6 sont regroupées sur la seconde poulie extérieure 11d, pour finaliser la baisse progressive de la tension du câble. Les variations de tension et d'allongement au sein de ces dernières gorges 6 étant limitées, ces gorges sont regroupées sur une même poulie 11d sans faire subir au câble de frottements significatifs, susceptibles de le dégrader.Similarly, several grooves 6 are grouped on the second outer pulley 11 d , to finalize the gradual decline in tension of the cable. Variations of tension and elongation within the latter grooves 6 being limited, these grooves are grouped on the same pulley 11 d without causing the cable significant friction, likely to degrade.

Lorsque la vitesse de la poulie maître 11a" est ramenée à une vitesse nulle, toutes les poulies 11 sont verrouillées en position, par l'activation d'un système de freinage adapté (non représenté).When the speed of the master pulley 11 a " is brought back to a zero speed, all the pulleys 11 are locked in position, by the activation of a suitable braking system (not shown).

De manière générale, le treuil selon l'invention a ainsi l'intérêt de présenter un encombrement optimisé, ce qui est particulièrement important pour limiter la perte de surface sur le pont des bateaux ou des plateformes offshore.In general, the winch according to the invention thus has the advantage of having an optimized size, which is particularly important to limit the loss of surface on the deck of boats or offshore platforms.

De plus, cette structure a l'avantage de compenser particulièrement efficacement l'allongement du câble ; cette compensation est encore améliorée par la régulation automatique de la rotation des différentes poulies, les unes par rapport aux autres.In addition, this structure has the advantage of particularly effectively compensating the elongation of the cable; this compensation is further improved by the automatic regulation of the rotation of the different pulleys, with respect to each other.

On notera que la poulie extérieure 11d, côté bobine de stockage, peut comporter un groupe de deux et cinq gorges annulaires. Le nombre de gorges sur cette poulie est en particulier adapté en fonction de la réduction finale de tension recherchée.The outer pulley Note that 11d, storage reel side, may comprise a group of two and five annular grooves. The number of grooves on this pulley is in particular adapted according to the desired final reduction of tension.

On notera encore que le fonctionnement particulier du treuil décrit ci-dessus (moyens moteurs de la poulie « maître » pilotés par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle de vitesse, et moyens moteurs des autres poulies pilotés par des moyens de régulation configurés en contrôle de couple) peut être mis en oeuvre sur d'autres types de structure que celle objet de la présente invention.It will also be noted that the particular operation of the winch described above (drive means of the "master" pulley controlled by regulation means configured in speed control, and motor means of the other pulleys controlled by control means configured in control of couple) can be implemented on other types of structure than that of the present invention.

Encore de manière générale, les poulies centrales sont avantageusement au nombre de deux à six. Ce nombre de poulies centrales est principalement choisi en fonction des caractéristiques d'allongement du câble associé et des tensions qu'il subit : un câble très élastique étant avantageusement enroulé sur un nombre plus grand de poulies pour réduire efficacement sa tension tout en limitant les phénomènes de frottement.Still generally, the central pulleys are advantageously two to six in number. This number of central pulleys is mainly chosen according to the elongation characteristics of the associated cable and the voltages it undergoes: a highly elastic cable is advantageously wound on a larger number of pulleys to effectively reduce its voltage while limiting the phenomena. friction.

Toujours de manière générale, si nécessaire, chaque poulie 11 peut être associée à plusieurs organes moteurs, en particulier pour gagner en puissance, en fonction de la charge à manoeuvrer.Still generally, if necessary, each pulley 11 may be associated with several drive members, in particular to gain power, depending on the load to maneuver.

Claims (12)

  1. A winch for pulling a cable (C), in particular a synthetic cable used offshore for handling a load, said winch (1) bein intended to be associated with a reel for storing said cable, wherein said pulling winch (1) is composed of two motorized drums (3), placed opposite to each other, each comprising an active cylindrical peripheral surface (5) provided with several annular grooves (6), juxtaposed and coaxial to each other, said cable (C) being intended to be wound around said two drums (3) according to an arrangement of the helical type, the strands of said cable passing successively from one of the annular grooves (6) of a drum (3) to one of the annular grooves (6) of the other drum (3), wherein said motorized drums (3) are each formed of at least three pulleys (11), which each comprise a cylindrical peripheral surface (12) provided with at least one of said grooves (6) so as to each form a portion of said active surface (5) of drum, i.e. two so-called "outer" pulleys (11a, 11d), between which is arranged at least one so-called "central" pulley (11b, 11c), wherein the pulleys (11) are each rotationally mounted on a fixed axial bearing shaft (9), around a common central axis (10), and each cooperate with their own dedicated motor means (4), wherein said central pulley(s) (11b, 11c) comprise at least one axial cylindrical extension (15), generally tubular in shape, so that said central pulley(s) (11b, 11c) has a rotational central surface (13b, 13c) adapted to cooperate with a complementary cylindrical surface (17) forming a bearing, and so that the cylindrical peripheral surface (17) of said axial cylindrical extension (15) forms a rotation bearing for the central cylindrical surface (13) of at least one of said other pulleys (11), characterized in that said or at least one of said central pulley(s) (11b) comprises two axial tubular extensions (15b1, 15b2) arranged on either side of its active peripheral surface (12b) that is provided with a single groove (6b), and each forming a rotation bearing for the central cylindrical surface (13) of at least one of said other pulleys (11).
  2. A winch according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical surface forming a bearing of a central pulley (11c) other than the first central pulley (11b) cooperating with the fixed axial bearing shaft (9) corresponds to the eripheral cylindrical surface (17) of one of the axial extensions (15) of said first central pulley (11b).
  3. winch according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the or at least one of the axial extension(s) (15b1, 15c) of the central pulleys (11b, 11c) also serves for the connection with the dedicated motor means (4).
  4. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two drums (3) each comprise a first outer pulley (11a) each provided with a single cylindrical groove (6a), intended to receive the cable under "high" tension (C'), on the load side, and in that the other outer pulley (11d) comprises an array of several grooves (6d), intended to receive the cable under "low" tension (C"), on the storage-reel side.
  5. winch according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer pulley (11d) located on the storage-reel side comprises an array of two to five annular grooves (6d).
  6. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the two drums (3) comprise from two to six central pulleys (11b, 11c), each provided with a single annular groove (6).
  7. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the two drums (3) each comprise four pulleys (11):
    - the first central pulley (11b) comprising, on the one hand, the central cylindrical surface (13b) cooperating with the fixed axial bearing shaft (9), forming the rotation bearing thereof, and on the other hand, two axial tubular extensions (15b1, 15b2), forming bearings, one of said extensions (15b1) cooperating with its own dedicated motor means (4b),
    - a first outer pulley (11a) comprising a central cylindrical surface (13a) adapted to cooperate with the peripheral surface (17b1) of a first tubular extension (15b1) of said first central pulley (11b), whose active peripheral surface (12a) comprises a single groove (6a), and whose outer portion (16a) cooperates with its own motor means (4a),
    - second central pulley (11c) comprising - an active cylindrical surface (12c) provided with a single groove (6c), - a cylindrical central surface (13c) adapted to cooperate with the surface (17b2) of the second axial extension (15b2), forming a bearing, of said first central pulley (11b), and - an axial tubular extension (15c) cooperating with its own motor means (4c), and
    - a second outer pulley (11d) provided with a central cylindrical surface (13d) adapted to cooperate with the tubular extension (15c) forming a bearing of said second central pulley (11c), whose active cylindrical surface (12d) is provided with an array of grooves (6d), and whose outer portion (16d) cooperates with its own motor means (4d).
  8. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the or at least one of the axial extension(s) (15b1, 15c) of the central pulleys (11b, 11c), and the outer portion (16a, 16d) of the outer pulleys (11a, 11d), comprise an axial crown gear (16) adapted to cooperate with at least one complimentary pinion gear (20), driven by dedicated motor means (4), said crown gears (16) being distributed on either side of the active cylindrical surface (5) of the drums (3).
  9. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the motor means (4a") associated with the outer pulley (11a") of the drum (3), called the "master pulley", receiving the cable "under tension" on the load side, are driven by regulation means configured in speed-control mode, and in that the motor means (4) associated with the other pulleys, called the "slave ulleys", are driven by regulation means configured in torque-control mode, their torque being a function of that of said master pulley.
  10. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the two drums (3) are oriented angularly relative to each other, notably to avoid the twisting of the cable.
  11. A winch according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the two drums (3) are carried by the two vertical walls (2a) of a frame (2), wherein said frame (2) also forms the support structure for the driving motor means (4) of the pulleys (11) of the drum (3).
  12. Equipment for pulling a cable, in particular a synthetic cable used offshore, comprising a winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, associated with a storage reel.
EP08826797A 2007-07-24 2008-07-23 Winch for pulling cables, in particular synthetic cables used offshore Active EP2178784B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0756713A FR2919280B1 (en) 2007-07-24 2007-07-24 WINCH FOR THE TRACTION OF CABLES, ESPECIALLY SYNTHETIC CABLES USED IN OFFSHORE.
PCT/FR2008/051387 WO2009016317A1 (en) 2007-07-24 2008-07-23 Winch for pulling cables, in particular synthetic cables used offshore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2178784A1 EP2178784A1 (en) 2010-04-28
EP2178784B1 true EP2178784B1 (en) 2011-11-16

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EP08826797A Active EP2178784B1 (en) 2007-07-24 2008-07-23 Winch for pulling cables, in particular synthetic cables used offshore

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US (1) US8322691B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2178784B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE533723T1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0814674B1 (en)
DK (1) DK2178784T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2919280B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2009016317A1 (en)

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WO2009016317A1 (en) 2009-02-05
BRPI0814674B1 (en) 2019-07-02
US20100224844A1 (en) 2010-09-09
BRPI0814674A2 (en) 2015-02-18
BRPI0814674A8 (en) 2019-01-22
ATE533723T1 (en) 2011-12-15
EP2178784A1 (en) 2010-04-28
FR2919280B1 (en) 2010-02-19
US8322691B2 (en) 2012-12-04
FR2919280A1 (en) 2009-01-30
DK2178784T3 (en) 2012-03-05

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