EP2161374B1 - Synthetic turf - Google Patents

Synthetic turf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2161374B1
EP2161374B1 EP20080015877 EP08015877A EP2161374B1 EP 2161374 B1 EP2161374 B1 EP 2161374B1 EP 20080015877 EP20080015877 EP 20080015877 EP 08015877 A EP08015877 A EP 08015877A EP 2161374 B1 EP2161374 B1 EP 2161374B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste materials
component
blades
plastic
pbt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP20080015877
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2161374A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Morton-Finger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Motech GmbH Technology and Systems
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motech GmbH Technology and Systems filed Critical Motech GmbH Technology and Systems
Priority to EP20080015877 priority Critical patent/EP2161374B1/en
Priority to CA2677511A priority patent/CA2677511C/en
Priority to RU2009133729/03A priority patent/RU2516308C2/en
Priority to US12/556,002 priority patent/US8283003B2/en
Priority to CN200910205760A priority patent/CN101684634A/en
Publication of EP2161374A1 publication Critical patent/EP2161374A1/en
Priority to US13/587,318 priority patent/US8936748B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2161374B1 publication Critical patent/EP2161374B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23979—Particular backing structure or composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
    • Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
    • Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields, garden design, golf courses and the like with a base layer, a plurality of blades and a damping material.
  • Processes for the production of artificial turf are basically known from practice. It has proven itself to attach natural grass blades similar fibers on a substrate and to fill the spaces between the fibers with an insulating material. For example, shredded car tires are filled in as insulation material.
  • a disadvantage of the known from practice artificial turf is that they have insufficient resilience or do not re-erect after a load or not sufficient. Furthermore, the shredded car tires represent an environmental impact.
  • JP 2003-268648 A is an artificial turf with a base layer and a variety of stalks known. PET or PBT can be used to make the synthetic turf.
  • PET or PBT can be used to make the synthetic turf.
  • the WO 2005/005731 A deals with an artificial turf, with improved filaments for the blades of an artificial turf.
  • the blades of this artificial turf consist of filaments which have a central area and two wing areas with respect to their cross-section. It also filaments are used, which have in their midst, as it were a core-shell configuration.
  • the core can also consist of PBT.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method for producing an artificial turf, the stalks of which erect reliably over a long period of time after a load which has an outstanding visual appearance and high environmental compatibility, which is easy to produce and whose production is inexpensive to carry out.
  • the invention teaches a method for producing an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields, with a base layer, a plurality of stalks and a damping material, wherein stalks are produced, which are mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and / or polybutylene terephthalate ( PBT) are made of waste materials, wherein the blades are produced as multicomponent fibers with core-sheath configuration with the proviso that a first plastic component forms the sheath of the multicomponent fibers and consists essentially of at least one plastic from the group "PET from waste materials, PBT from waste materials
  • the base layer is a flat base layer, preferably a fabric is used as the base layer used.
  • the base layer is made of a plastic and, preferably, a polyolefin and / or a polyester of terephthalic acid, preferably a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.
  • the stalks consist largely of at least one polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials means in the context of the invention that the stalks at least 50 wt .-%, preferably at least 60 wt .-%, recommended at least 70 wt .-%, preferably at least 80 wt % and, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, at least 90% by weight of the polyester of waste materials.
  • the stalks are made entirely of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.
  • the inventively used Polyester derived from waste materials from used plastic bottles and / or films. Appropriately, the used plastic bottles are shredded, so that so-called flakes arise.
  • the stems contain at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer.
  • an inorganic, mineral and / or organic dye is used as the dye. It is within the scope of the invention that the dye is incorporated in the straw and / or applied to the stalk. It is recommended that at least one pigment that blocks the UV radiation and / or at least one UV radiation-absorbing additive is contained in the stalks as a UV stabilizer or is applied as a coating to the stalks.
  • the UV stabilizer has at least one component selected from the group consisting of "benzotriazoles, benzophenones, amine-based additives".
  • the stalks are configured as multicomponent fibers and preferably as bicomponent fibers.
  • the multicomponent fibers have a first plastic component and a second plastic component. It is recommended that the first plastic component and the second plastic component each form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fibers. In principle, it is possible that a third plastic component and optionally a plurality or a multiplicity of further plastic components in each case form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fibers.
  • the plastic components each extend over the entire length or essentially over the entire length of the blades or the multicomponent fibers.
  • the multicomponent fibers preferably consist exclusively of two plastic components or are configured as bicomponent fibers.
  • the multicomponent fibers have a core-shell configuration. It is within the scope of the invention that the first plastic component forms the jacket and the second plastic component forms the core of a multi-component fiber. It is recommended that the first plastic component surrounding the second plastic component at least partially, and preferably completely or substantially completely and preferably over the entire length or substantially over the entire length of the multi-component fiber. In principle, it is also possible for the first plastic component to surround the second plastic component only over a portion of the length of the multicomponent fiber. According to one embodiment of the synthetic turf according to the invention, at least one further plastic component is arranged between the first plastic component and the second plastic component, which preferably completely surrounds the second plastic component and is recommended to be completely surrounded by the first plastic component
  • the first plastic component consists essentially of at least one plastic from the group "virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials". According to a preferred embodiment, the first component consists exclusively of virgin PET and / or virgin PBT. But it is also possible that the first component consists exclusively of PET from waste materials or PBT from waste materials.
  • the second plastic component consists essentially of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials. It is possible that the second plastic component contains impurities such as dyes and / or other plastics and the like. According to one embodiment, the second plastic component exclusively of PET from waste materials or PBT from waste materials.
  • the first plastic component of the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is included.
  • the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is arranged exclusively in the first plastic component, or applied to the first plastic component.
  • the second plastic component then contains no dye and no UV stabilizer.
  • an adhesion promoter is at least partially disposed between the first plastic component and the second plastic component.
  • the adhesion promoter surrounds the second plastic component as a third plastic component completely or substantially completely over the length of the multi-component fiber. Empfohlene réelle the third plastic component over the entire length of the multi-component fiber is completely or substantially completely surrounded by the first plastic component.
  • the damping material consists of plastic fibers, wherein the plastic fibers of the damping material are formed as monocomponent fibers or preferably as multicomponent fibers.
  • the plastic fibers of the damping material are textured or crimped.
  • the damping material substantially comprises at least one plastic selected from the group of "virgin PET, waste PET, virgin PBT, PBT from waste material".
  • the damping material contains at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer, wherein the Dye and / or the UV stabilizer can be introduced into the damping material or applied to the damping material.
  • the plastic fibers of the damping material are each wound at least in sections and preferably completely or substantially completely with a yarn, or are twisted or capriert.
  • the yarn is wholly or substantially wholly of at least one of the group "polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials, polyamide (PA)".
  • the yarn is produced by extrusion as a smooth or substantially smooth yarn.
  • the yarn and the plastic fibers of the damping material are fixed independently of each other or side by side with different tufting needles on the base layer.
  • the yarn and the plastic fibers of the damping material are fastened together with a tufting needle on the base layer.
  • the damping material consists of textured plastic fibers. Twisted means in the context of the invention that the plastic fibers of the damping material are each twisted with the yarn.
  • capriert in the context of the invention means that the plastic fibers of the damping material are each wrapped with the yarn. In principle, it is possible that the yarn is wrapped or capriert with a plastic fiber of the damping material.
  • the individual components of the multicomponent fibers of the damping material each form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fiber.
  • the individual components extend completely or essentially completely over the entire length of the multicomponent fibers of the damping material.
  • the multicomponent fibers have a core-sheath configuration, wherein according to a preferred embodiment, a sheath component completely or substantially completely surrounds a core component.
  • the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is arranged exclusively in the shell component or applied to the shell component.
  • the core component is mostly (more than 50% by weight) and preferably entirely of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials. It is recommended that most of the sheath component (more than 50% by weight) is made of virgin PET or virgin PBT.
  • the invention teaches a method for producing an artificial turf, with a base layer and with stalks, wherein at least one polyester in the form of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is crystallized from waste materials and dried, the polyester subsequently in an extruder with at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer is added, wherein stalks of the artificial turf are extruded as multi-component fibers with core-sheath configuration, wherein the extrusion is carried out with the proviso that at least a first, the sheath forming Plastic component consists essentially of the PET from waste materials and / or the PBT of waste materials, and wherein these plastic components containing the dye and / or the UV stabilizer, and wherein the stems are fixed on a base layer.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • the polyester is expediently fed to the extruder from waste materials by means of a metering device and preferably by means of a metering screw.
  • the polyester is mixed from waste materials in the extruder with the dye and / or the UV stabilizer.
  • an extruder for example, a single-screw extruder, twin-screw extruder, Multi-screw extruder or planetary extruder can be used.
  • multicomponent fibers are produced or extruded through the use of at least one and preferably at least two extruders.
  • the multiconstituent fibers comprise at least one polyester and preferably two different polyesters of terephthalic acid selected from the group of virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials.
  • at least one component of the multicomponent fiber consists largely of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials.
  • at least one component and preferably only one component of the multicomponent fibers contains the dye and / or the UV stabilizer. It is within the scope of the invention that the blades are fixed by tufts on the base layer.
  • the extrusion of the multicomponent fibers is carried out with the proviso that the multicomponent fibers have a core-sheath configuration and that at least a first, the sheath-forming plastic component of a straw contains the dye and / or the UV stabilizer. It is within the scope of the invention that a second, the core-forming plastic component contains no dye and no UV stabilizer. In other words, only or exclusively the first plastic component is mixed or coated with the dye and / or the UV stabilizer.
  • the polyester of terephthalic acid is added from waste materials in the extruder with at least one chain extender.
  • a chain extender or chain extension substance becomes also referred to as "chain extender".
  • the chain extender preferably binds to a terminal functional group of a first molecule of the polyester and links the first molecule to a second molecule of the polyester. In this way, two suitably different molecules of a polyester of terephthalic acid are bonded together, resulting in an extension of the polymeric molecular skeleton.
  • the chain extender contains at least one substance selected from the group "lactam derivative, oxazole derivative, caprolactam derivative".
  • the polyester of terephthalic acid is dried from waste materials in an extruder selected from the group "single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, multi-screw extruder, planetary extruder".
  • the drying of the polyester of terephthalic acid is carried out in a multi-shaft extruder or planetary extruder. It is within the scope of the invention that the twin-screw extruder is fed underlaid with the proviso that the worm threads is fed only to 20% to 60% and preferably to 30% to 50% with the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.
  • the polyester of the terephthalic acid from waste materials is fed to the twin-screw extruder by means of the metering device. It is recommended that both extruder screws of the twin-screw extruder have the same direction of rotation.
  • the extruder interior of the extruder is connected to a vacuum pump, by the operation of the pressure in the extruder interior is lowered. Empfohleneimpact carried out a removal or removal of low molecular weight compounds and water from the polyester of terephthalic acid in the extruder interior under reduced pressure.
  • the twin-screw extruder through the Dosing the preferably crystallized and suitably not predried polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials fed.
  • a damping material is placed between the blades on the base layer.
  • the damping material consists of monocomponent fibers and preferably of multicomponent fibers.
  • the monocomponent fibers or the multicomponent fibers of the damping material are produced by extrusion through a stuffer box as textured or crimped monocomponent fibers or multicomponent fibers.
  • the monocomponent fibers consist, for the most part and preferably completely, of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.
  • a core component consists mostly and preferably entirely of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials and is recommended to be completely or substantially completely surrounded by a sheath component.
  • the sheath component consists essentially of a virgin polyester of terephthalic acid.
  • the sheath component is made of a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.
  • the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is introduced exclusively into the shell component or applied to the shell component.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the synthetic turf produced by the method according to the invention has a surprisingly high load capacity. This means in particular that the stalks a high Have resilience or elasticity. If such an artificial turf is subjected to frequent loads in which the stalks are regularly bent, the stalks regularly re-erect themselves completely. As a result, the artificial turf produced according to the invention also has a pleasing or optimal appearance even after a long service life or usage time. It is also essential to the invention that the synthetic turf produced according to the invention has excellent damping properties. Furthermore, the damping material according to the invention is characterized by excellent skin compatibility, whereby the risk of injury for example, on the artificial turf rushing athletes is very low. This is achieved inter alia by the design of the textured, the damping material forming fibers. Furthermore, the environmental compatibility of the synthetic turf produced according to the invention is not critical.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the synthetic turf produced according to the invention can easily be produced from readily available and inexpensive starting materials. It is also advantageous that, in particular, the optical quality of the core components of the multicomponent fibers, which can be used as blades and as a damping material, have no or essentially no influence on the appearance of the artificial turf.
  • Fig. 1 shows an enlarged view of the artificial turf invention.
  • stalks 1 are fixed to a base layer 2.
  • the base layer 2 is a fabric. It can be seen that between the blades 1 on the base layer 2, an inventive damping material 3 is arranged.
  • a straw 1 according to the invention is designed in the embodiment as a two-component fiber with a core-sheath configuration.
  • a bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 according to the invention is shown, which has a core-sheath configuration.
  • a core component 7 is made of PET from waste materials
  • a sheath component 8 is made of a virgin PET added with a dye and a UV stabilizer.
  • the bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 is textured or crimped.
  • the bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 has a high elasticity and restoring forces, so that the straws projecting beyond the damping material 3 are reliably erected again after bending, for example by entering the synthetic turf after the end of the load.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunstrasens, insbesondere für Sportplätze, Gartengestaltung, Golfplätze und dergleichen mit einer Basisschicht, einer Vielzahl von Halmen und einem Dämpfungsmaterial.The invention relates to a method for producing an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields, garden design, golf courses and the like with a base layer, a plurality of blades and a damping material.

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunstrasen sind aus der Praxis grundsätzlich bekannt. Dabei hat es sich bewährt, natürlichen Grashalmen ähnliche Fasern auf einem Untergrund zu befestigen und die Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern mit einem Dämmmaterial zu verfüllen. Beispielsweise werden geschredderte Autoreifen als Dämmmaterial verfüllt. Nachteilig bei den aus der Praxis bekannten Kunstrasen ist, dass diese über eine nicht ausreichende Resilienz verfügen bzw. sich nach einer Belastung nicht wieder oder nicht ausreichend aufrichten. Fernerhin stellen die geschredderten Autoreifen eine Umweltbelastung dar.Processes for the production of artificial turf are basically known from practice. It has proven itself to attach natural grass blades similar fibers on a substrate and to fill the spaces between the fibers with an insulating material. For example, shredded car tires are filled in as insulation material. A disadvantage of the known from practice artificial turf is that they have insufficient resilience or do not re-erect after a load or not sufficient. Furthermore, the shredded car tires represent an environmental impact.

Aus JP 2003-268648 A ist ein Kunstrasen mit einer Basisschicht und einer Vielzahl von Halmen bekannt. Zur Herstellung des Kunstrasens kann PET bzw. PBT eingesetzt werden. - Auch die WO 2005/005731 A befasst sich mit einem Kunstrasen, und zwar mit verbesserten Filamenten für die Halme eines Kunstrasens. Die Halme dieses Kunstrasens bestehen aus Filamenten, die bezüglich ihres Querschnitts einen Zentralbereich und zwei Flügelbereiche aufweisen. Es werden auch Filamente eingesetzt, die in ihrer Mitte gleichsam eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration aufweisen. Der Kern kann dabei auch aus PBT bestehen.Out JP 2003-268648 A is an artificial turf with a base layer and a variety of stalks known. PET or PBT can be used to make the synthetic turf. - Also the WO 2005/005731 A deals with an artificial turf, with improved filaments for the blades of an artificial turf. The blades of this artificial turf consist of filaments which have a central area and two wing areas with respect to their cross-section. It also filaments are used, which have in their midst, as it were a core-shell configuration. The core can also consist of PBT.

Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunstrasens anzugeben, dessen Halme sich über einen langen Zeitraum zuverlässig nach einer Belastung aufrichten, der über ein hervorragendes optisches Erscheinungsbild und eine hohe Umweltverträglichkeit verfügt, der einfach herstellbar ist und dessen Herstellung kostengünstig durchführbar ist.The invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method for producing an artificial turf, the stalks of which erect reliably over a long period of time after a load which has an outstanding visual appearance and high environmental compatibility, which is easy to produce and whose production is inexpensive to carry out.

Zur Lösung des technischen Problems lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunstrasens, insbesondere für Sportplätze, mit einer Basisschicht, einer Vielzahl von Halmen und einem Dämpfungsmaterial, wobei Halme erzeugt werden, die größtenteils aus Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) aus Abfallmaterialien bestehen, wobei die Halme als Mehrkomponentenfasern mit Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration mit der Maßgabe erzeugt werden, dass eine erste Kunststoffkomponente den Mantel der Mehrkomponentenfasern ausbildet und im Wesentlichen aus zumindest einem Kunststoff aus der Gruppe "PET aus Abfallmaterialien, PBT aus Abfallmaterialien, jungfräuliches PET, jungfräuliches PBT' besteht und wobei die Halme an der Basisschicht fixiert werden und Dämpfungsmaterial zwischen den Halmen angeordnet wird. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Basisschicht eine flächige Grundschicht darstellt. Vorzugsweise wird ein Gewebe als Basisschicht eingesetzt. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht die Basisschicht aus einem Kunststoff und empfohlenermaßen aus einem Polyolefin und/oder einem Polyester der Terephthalsäure, vorzugsweise aus einem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien.To solve the technical problem, the invention teaches a method for producing an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields, with a base layer, a plurality of stalks and a damping material, wherein stalks are produced, which are mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and / or polybutylene terephthalate ( PBT) are made of waste materials, wherein the blades are produced as multicomponent fibers with core-sheath configuration with the proviso that a first plastic component forms the sheath of the multicomponent fibers and consists essentially of at least one plastic from the group "PET from waste materials, PBT from waste materials It is within the scope of the invention that the base layer is a flat base layer, preferably a fabric is used as the base layer used. Conveniently, the base layer is made of a plastic and, preferably, a polyolefin and / or a polyester of terephthalic acid, preferably a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.

Dass die Halme größtenteils aus zumindest einem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien bestehen, meint im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Halme zumindest 50 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise zumindest 60 Gew.-%, empfohlenermaßen zumindest 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zumindest 80 Gew.-% und gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform zumindest 90 Gew.-% des Polyesters aus Abfallmaterialien enthalten. Sehr bevorzugt bestehen die Halme vollständig aus dem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien. Es liegt insbesondere im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Polyester aus Abfallmaterialien von gebrauchten Kunststoffflaschen und/oder Folien stammt. Zweckmäßigerweise werden die gebrauchten Kunststoffflaschen geschreddert, so dass sogenannte Flakes entstehen.The fact that the stalks consist largely of at least one polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials means in the context of the invention that the stalks at least 50 wt .-%, preferably at least 60 wt .-%, recommended at least 70 wt .-%, preferably at least 80 wt % and, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, at least 90% by weight of the polyester of waste materials. Most preferably, the stalks are made entirely of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials. It is in particular within the scope of the invention that the inventively used Polyester derived from waste materials from used plastic bottles and / or films. Appropriately, the used plastic bottles are shredded, so that so-called flakes arise.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform enthalten die Halme zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest einen UV-Stabilisator. Zweckmäßigerweise wird als Farbstoff ein anorganischer, mineralischer und/oder organischer Farbstoff eingesetzt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Farbstoff in den Halm eingearbeitet und/oder auf den Halm aufgetragen ist. Es empfiehlt sich, dass zumindest ein die UV-Strahlung abhaltendes Pigment und/oder zumindest ein die UV-Strahlung absorbierendes Additiv als UV-Stabilisator in den Halmen enthalten ist bzw. als Beschichtung auf die Halme aufgetragen ist. Der UV-Stabilisator weist zumindest eine Komponente auf, die aus der Gruppe bestehend aus "Benzotriazole, Benzophenone, aminbasierende Additive" ausgewählt ist.In one embodiment, the stems contain at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer. Appropriately, an inorganic, mineral and / or organic dye is used as the dye. It is within the scope of the invention that the dye is incorporated in the straw and / or applied to the stalk. It is recommended that at least one pigment that blocks the UV radiation and / or at least one UV radiation-absorbing additive is contained in the stalks as a UV stabilizer or is applied as a coating to the stalks. The UV stabilizer has at least one component selected from the group consisting of "benzotriazoles, benzophenones, amine-based additives".

Erfindungsgemäß sind die Halme als Mehrkomponentenfasern und vorzugsweise als Bikomponentenfasern ausgestaltet. Zweckmäßigerweise weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern eine erste Kunststoffkomponente und eine zweite Kunststoffkomponente auf. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die erste Kunststoffkomponente und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente jeweils einen Teil des Querschnitts der Mehrkomponentenfasern bilden. Es ist grundsätzlich möglich, dass eine dritte Kunststoffkomponente und ggf. eine Mehrzahl bzw. Vielzahl von weiteren Kunststoffkomponenten jeweils einen Teil des Querschnitts der Mehrkomponentenfasern bilden. Zweckmäßigerweise erstrecken sich die Kunststoffkomponenten jeweils über die gesamte Länge bzw. im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge der Halme bzw. der Mehrkomponentenfasem. Vorzugsweise bestehen die Mehrkomponentenfasern ausschließlich aus zwei Kunststoffkomponenten bzw. sind als Bikomponentenfaser ausgestaltet.According to the invention, the stalks are configured as multicomponent fibers and preferably as bicomponent fibers. Expediently, the multicomponent fibers have a first plastic component and a second plastic component. It is recommended that the first plastic component and the second plastic component each form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fibers. In principle, it is possible that a third plastic component and optionally a plurality or a multiplicity of further plastic components in each case form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fibers. Expediently, the plastic components each extend over the entire length or essentially over the entire length of the blades or the multicomponent fibers. The multicomponent fibers preferably consist exclusively of two plastic components or are configured as bicomponent fibers.

Erfindungsgemäß weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration auf. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die erste Kunststoffkomponente den Mantel und die zweite Kunststoffkomponente den Kern einer Mehrkomponentenfaser bildet. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die erste Kunststoffkomponente die zweite Kunststoffkomponente zumindest bereichsweise und vorzugsweise vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig und bevorzugt über die gesamte Länge bzw. im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge der Mehrkomponentenfaser umgibt. Grundsätzlich ist es auch möglich, dass die erste Kunststoffkomponente die zweite Kunststoffkomponente nur über einen Abschnitt der Länge der Mehrkomponentenfaser umgibt. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens ist zwischen der ersten Kunststoffkomponente und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente zumindest eine weitere Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet, die vorzugsweise die zweite Kunststoffkomponente vollständig umgibt und empfohlenermaßen vollständig von der ersten Kunststoffkomponente umgeben istAccording to the invention, the multicomponent fibers have a core-shell configuration. It is within the scope of the invention that the first plastic component forms the jacket and the second plastic component forms the core of a multi-component fiber. It is recommended that the first plastic component surrounding the second plastic component at least partially, and preferably completely or substantially completely and preferably over the entire length or substantially over the entire length of the multi-component fiber. In principle, it is also possible for the first plastic component to surround the second plastic component only over a portion of the length of the multicomponent fiber. According to one embodiment of the synthetic turf according to the invention, at least one further plastic component is arranged between the first plastic component and the second plastic component, which preferably completely surrounds the second plastic component and is recommended to be completely surrounded by the first plastic component

Erfindungsgemäß besteht die erste Kunststoffkomponente im Wesentlichen aus zumindest einem Kunststoff aus der Gruppe "jungfräuliches PET, PET aus Abfallmaterialien, jungfräuliches PBT, PBT aus Abfallmaterialien" besteht. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die erste Komponente ausschließlich aus jungfräulichem PET und/oder jungfräulichem PBT. Es ist aber auch möglich, dass die erste Komponente ausschließlich aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien oder PBT aus Abfallmaterialien besteht.According to the invention, the first plastic component consists essentially of at least one plastic from the group "virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials". According to a preferred embodiment, the first component consists exclusively of virgin PET and / or virgin PBT. But it is also possible that the first component consists exclusively of PET from waste materials or PBT from waste materials.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die zweite Kunststoffkomponente im Wesentlichen aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder PBT aus Abfallmaterialien besteht. Es ist möglich, dass die zweite Kunststoffkomponente Verunreinigungen, wie beispielsweise Farbstoffe und/oder andere Kunststoffe und dergleichen enthält. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform besteht die zweite Kunststoffkomponente ausschließlich aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien oder PBT aus Abfallmaterialien.It is within the scope of the invention that the second plastic component consists essentially of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials. It is possible that the second plastic component contains impurities such as dyes and / or other plastics and the like. According to one embodiment, the second plastic component exclusively of PET from waste materials or PBT from waste materials.

Vorzugsweise ist zumindest in der ersten Kunststoffkomponente der Farbstoff und/oder der UV-Stabilisator enthalten. In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Farbstoff und/oder der UV-Stabilisator ausschließlich in der ersten Kunststoffkomponente angeordnet, bzw. auf die erste Kunststoffkomponente aufgetragen. Mit anderen Worten enthält die zweite Kunststoffkomponente dann keinen Farbstoff und keinen UV-Stabilisator.Preferably, at least in the first plastic component of the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is included. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is arranged exclusively in the first plastic component, or applied to the first plastic component. In other words, the second plastic component then contains no dye and no UV stabilizer.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist zwischen der ersten Kunststoffkomponente und der zweiten Kunststoffkomponente zumindest bereichsweise ein Haftvermittler angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise umgibt der Haftvermittler als dritte Kunststoffkomponente die zweite Kunststoffkomponente vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig über die Länge der Mehrkomponentenfaser. Empfohlenermaßen wird die dritte Kunststoffkomponente über die vollständige Länge der Mehrkomponentenfaser vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig von der ersten Kunststoffkomponente umgeben.According to one embodiment, an adhesion promoter is at least partially disposed between the first plastic component and the second plastic component. Conveniently, the adhesion promoter surrounds the second plastic component as a third plastic component completely or substantially completely over the length of the multi-component fiber. Empfohlenermaßen the third plastic component over the entire length of the multi-component fiber is completely or substantially completely surrounded by the first plastic component.

Vorzugsweise besteht das Dämpfungsmaterial aus Kunststofffasern, wobei die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials als Monokomponentenfasern oder vorzugsweise als Mehrkomponentenfasern ausgebildet sind. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform sind die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials texturiert bzw. gekräuselt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das Dämpfungsmaterial im Wesentlichen zumindest einen Kunststoff enthält, der aus der Gruppe "jungfräuliches PET, PET aus Abfallmaterial, jungfräuliches PBT, PBT aus Abfallmaterial" ausgewählt ist. Vorzugsweise enthält das Dämpfungsmaterial zumindest einen Farbstoff und/oder zumindest einen UV-Stabilisator, wobei der Farbstoff und/oder der UV-Stabilisator in das Dämpfungsmaterial eingebracht oder auf das Dämpfungsmaterial aufgetragen sein kann.Preferably, the damping material consists of plastic fibers, wherein the plastic fibers of the damping material are formed as monocomponent fibers or preferably as multicomponent fibers. According to one embodiment, the plastic fibers of the damping material are textured or crimped. It is within the scope of the invention that the damping material substantially comprises at least one plastic selected from the group of "virgin PET, waste PET, virgin PBT, PBT from waste material". Preferably, the damping material contains at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer, wherein the Dye and / or the UV stabilizer can be introduced into the damping material or applied to the damping material.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform sind die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials jeweils zumindest abschnittsweise und vorzugsweise vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig mit einem Garn umwunden bzw. gezwimt oder capriert. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht das Garn vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig aus zumindest einer Komponente aus der Gruppe "Polyethylen (PE), Polypropylen (PP), jungfräulichem PET, PET aus Abfallmaterialien, jungfräulichem PBT, PBT aus Abfallmaterialien, Polyamid (PA)". Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Garn durch Extrusion als glattes bzw. im Wesentlichen glattes Garn herstellbar. Gemäß einer Ausführungsvariante werden das Garn und die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials unabhängig voneinander bzw. nebeneinander mit verschiedenen Tufting-Nadeln an der Basisschicht fixiert. Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante werden das Garn und die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials zusammen mit einer Tufting-Nadel auf der Basisschicht befestigt. Es empfiehlt sich, dass das Dämpfungsmaterial aus texturierten Kunststofffasern besteht. Gezwirnt meint im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials jeweils mit dem Garn verdreht werden. Fernerhin meint capriert im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Kunststofffasern des Dämpfungsmaterials jeweils mit dem Garn umwickelt werden. Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, dass das Garn mit einer Kunststofffaser des Dämpfungsmaterials umwickelt bzw. capriert wird.According to one embodiment, the plastic fibers of the damping material are each wound at least in sections and preferably completely or substantially completely with a yarn, or are twisted or capriert. Conveniently, the yarn is wholly or substantially wholly of at least one of the group "polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials, polyamide (PA)". Advantageously, the yarn is produced by extrusion as a smooth or substantially smooth yarn. According to one embodiment, the yarn and the plastic fibers of the damping material are fixed independently of each other or side by side with different tufting needles on the base layer. According to a further embodiment, the yarn and the plastic fibers of the damping material are fastened together with a tufting needle on the base layer. It is recommended that the damping material consists of textured plastic fibers. Twisted means in the context of the invention that the plastic fibers of the damping material are each twisted with the yarn. Furthermore, capriert in the context of the invention means that the plastic fibers of the damping material are each wrapped with the yarn. In principle, it is possible that the yarn is wrapped or capriert with a plastic fiber of the damping material.

Es hat sich bewährt, dass die einzelnen Komponenten der Mehrkomponentenfasern des Dämpfungsmaterials jeweils einen Teil des Querschnitts der Mehrkomponentenfaser bilden. Zweckmäßigerweise erstrecken sich die einzelnen Komponenten vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig über die gesamte Länge der Mehrkomponentenfasern des Dämpfungsmaterials. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration aufweisen, wobei gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eine Mantelkomponente eine Kernkomponente vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig umgibt. Vorzugsweise ist der Farbstoff und/oder der UV-Stabilisator ausschließlich in der Mantelkomponente angeordnet bzw. auf die Mantelkomponente aufgetragen. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht die Kernkomponente größtenteils (mehr als 50 Gew.-%) und vorzugsweise vollständig aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder PBT aus Abfallmaterialien. Es empfiehlt sich, dass die Mantelkomponente größtenteils (mehr als 50 Gew.-%) aus jungfräulichem PET bzw. jungfräulichem PBT gefertigt ist.It has been found that the individual components of the multicomponent fibers of the damping material each form part of the cross section of the multicomponent fiber. Expediently, the individual components extend completely or essentially completely over the entire length of the multicomponent fibers of the damping material. It recommends that the multicomponent fibers have a core-sheath configuration, wherein according to a preferred embodiment, a sheath component completely or substantially completely surrounds a core component. Preferably, the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is arranged exclusively in the shell component or applied to the shell component. Conveniently, the core component is mostly (more than 50% by weight) and preferably entirely of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials. It is recommended that most of the sheath component (more than 50% by weight) is made of virgin PET or virgin PBT.

Weiterhin lehrt die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunstrasens, mit einer Basisschicht und mit Halmen, wobei zunächst zumindest ein Polyester in Form von Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT) aus Abfallmaterialien kristallisiert und getrocknet wird, wobei der Polyester anschließend in einem Extruder mit zumindest einem Farbstoff und/oder zumindest einem UV-Stabilisator versetzt wird, wobei Halme des Kunstrasens als Mehrkomponentenfasern mit Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration extrudiert werden, wobei die Extrusion mit der Maßgabe durchgeführt wird, dass zumindest eine erste, den Mantel bildende Kunststoffkomponente im Wesentlichen aus dem PET aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder dem PBT aus Abfallmaterialien besteht, und wobei diese Kunststoffkomponenten den Farbstoff und/oder den UV-Stabilisator enthält, und wobei die Halme auf einer Basisschicht fixiert werden. Zweckmäßigerweise wird dem Extruder der Polyester aus Abfallmaterialien mittels einer Dosiervorrichtung und vorzugsweise mittels einer Dosierschnecke zugeführt. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Polyester aus Abfallmaterialien in dem Extruder mit dem Farbstoff und/oder dem UV-Stabilisator vermischt. Als Extruder kann beispielsweise ein Einschneckenextruder, Doppelschneckenextruder, Mehrwellenextruder oder Planetenextruder eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, the invention teaches a method for producing an artificial turf, with a base layer and with stalks, wherein at least one polyester in the form of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and / or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is crystallized from waste materials and dried, the polyester subsequently in an extruder with at least one dye and / or at least one UV stabilizer is added, wherein stalks of the artificial turf are extruded as multi-component fibers with core-sheath configuration, wherein the extrusion is carried out with the proviso that at least a first, the sheath forming Plastic component consists essentially of the PET from waste materials and / or the PBT of waste materials, and wherein these plastic components containing the dye and / or the UV stabilizer, and wherein the stems are fixed on a base layer. The polyester is expediently fed to the extruder from waste materials by means of a metering device and preferably by means of a metering screw. According to the invention, the polyester is mixed from waste materials in the extruder with the dye and / or the UV stabilizer. As an extruder, for example, a single-screw extruder, twin-screw extruder, Multi-screw extruder or planetary extruder can be used.

Erfindungsgemäß werden Mehrkomponentenfasern durch den Einsatz von zumindest einem und vorzugsweise von zumindest zwei Extrudern hergestellt bzw. extrudiert. Zweckmäßigerweise weisen die Mehrkomponentenfasern zumindest einen Polyester und vorzugsweise zwei verschiedene Polyester der Terephthalsäure auf, die aus der Gruppe "jungfräuliches PET, PET aus Abfallmaterialien, jungfräuliches PBT, PBT aus Abfallmaterialien" ausgewählt sind. Erfindungsgemäß besteht zumindest eine Komponente der Mehrkomponentenfaser größtenteils aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien und/oder PBT aus Abfallmaterialien. Erfindungsgemäß enthält zumindest eine Komponente und bevorzugt ausschließlich eine Komponente der Mehrkomponentenfasern den Farbstoff und/oder den UV-Stabilisator. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Halme durch Tuften auf der Basisschicht fixiert werden.According to the invention, multicomponent fibers are produced or extruded through the use of at least one and preferably at least two extruders. Conveniently, the multiconstituent fibers comprise at least one polyester and preferably two different polyesters of terephthalic acid selected from the group of virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials. According to the invention, at least one component of the multicomponent fiber consists largely of PET from waste materials and / or PBT from waste materials. According to the invention, at least one component and preferably only one component of the multicomponent fibers contains the dye and / or the UV stabilizer. It is within the scope of the invention that the blades are fixed by tufts on the base layer.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Extrusion der Mehrkomponentenfasern mit der Maßgabe durchgeführt, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration aufweisen und dass zumindest eine erste, den Mantel bildende Kunststoffkomponente eines Halmes den Farbstoff und/oder den UV-Stabilisator enthält. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass eine zweite, den Kern bildende Kunststoffkomponente keinen Farbstoff und keinen UV-Stabilisator enthält. Mit anderen Worten ist lediglich bzw. ausschließlich die erste Kunststoffkomponente mit dem Farbstoff und/oder dem UV-Stabilisator versetzt bzw. beschichtet.According to the invention, the extrusion of the multicomponent fibers is carried out with the proviso that the multicomponent fibers have a core-sheath configuration and that at least a first, the sheath-forming plastic component of a straw contains the dye and / or the UV stabilizer. It is within the scope of the invention that a second, the core-forming plastic component contains no dye and no UV stabilizer. In other words, only or exclusively the first plastic component is mixed or coated with the dye and / or the UV stabilizer.

Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien in dem Extruder mit zumindest einem Kettenverlängerer versetzt wird. Ein Kettenverlängerer bzw. eine Kettenverlängerungssubstanz wird auch als "Chain Extender" bezeichnet. Der Kettenverlängerer bindet vorzugsweise an eine endständige funktionelle Gruppe eines ersten Moleküls des Polyesters und verbindet das erste Molekül mit einem zweiten Molekül des Polyesters. Auf diese Weise werden zwei zweckmäßigerweise verschiedene Moleküle eines Polyesters der Terephthalsäure miteinander verbunden, wodurch eine Verlängerung des polymeren Molekülgerüstes resultiert. Vorzugsweise enthält der Kettenverlängerer zumindest eine Substanz, die aus der Gruppe "Lactamderivat, Oxazolderivat, Caprolactamderivat" ausgewählt ist.It is within the scope of the invention that the polyester of terephthalic acid is added from waste materials in the extruder with at least one chain extender. A chain extender or chain extension substance becomes also referred to as "chain extender". The chain extender preferably binds to a terminal functional group of a first molecule of the polyester and links the first molecule to a second molecule of the polyester. In this way, two suitably different molecules of a polyester of terephthalic acid are bonded together, resulting in an extension of the polymeric molecular skeleton. Preferably, the chain extender contains at least one substance selected from the group "lactam derivative, oxazole derivative, caprolactam derivative".

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird der Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien in einem Extruder getrocknet, der aus der Gruppe "Einschneckenextruder, Doppelschneckenextruder, Mehrwellenextruder, Plantenextruder" ausgewählt ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Trocknung des Polyesters der Terephthalsäure in einem Mehrwellenextruder oder Planetenextruder durchgeführt. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass der Doppelschneckenextruder unterfüttert mit der Maßgabe gefahren wird, dass die Schneckengänge lediglich zu 20 % bis 60 % und bevorzugt zu 30 % bis 50 % mit dem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien gefüttert ist. Zweckmäßigerweise wird dem Doppelschneckenextruder der Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien mittels der Dosiervorrichtung zugeführt. Empfohlenermaßen weisen beide Extruderschnecken des Doppelschneckenextruders die gleiche Drehrichtung auf. Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Extruderinnenraum des Extruders an eine Vakuumpumpe angeschlossen, durch deren Betrieb der Druck in dem Extruderinnenraum abgesenkt wird. Empfohlenermaßen erfolgt ein Entziehen bzw. Entfernen niedermolekularer Verbindungen und Wasser aus dem Polyester der Terephthalsäure in dem Extruderinnenraum unter reduziertem Druck. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird dem Doppelschneckenextruder durch die Dosiervorrichtung der vorzugsweise kristallisierte und zweckmäßigerweise nicht vorgetrocknete Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien zugeführt.According to one embodiment, the polyester of terephthalic acid is dried from waste materials in an extruder selected from the group "single screw extruder, twin screw extruder, multi-screw extruder, planetary extruder". In a preferred embodiment, the drying of the polyester of terephthalic acid is carried out in a multi-shaft extruder or planetary extruder. It is within the scope of the invention that the twin-screw extruder is fed underlaid with the proviso that the worm threads is fed only to 20% to 60% and preferably to 30% to 50% with the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials. Conveniently, the polyester of the terephthalic acid from waste materials is fed to the twin-screw extruder by means of the metering device. It is recommended that both extruder screws of the twin-screw extruder have the same direction of rotation. Conveniently, the extruder interior of the extruder is connected to a vacuum pump, by the operation of the pressure in the extruder interior is lowered. Empfohlenermaßen carried out a removal or removal of low molecular weight compounds and water from the polyester of terephthalic acid in the extruder interior under reduced pressure. According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is the twin-screw extruder through the Dosing the preferably crystallized and suitably not predried polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials fed.

Zweckmäßigerweise wird zwischen den Halmen auf der Basisschicht ein Dämpfungsmaterial angeordnet. Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass das Dämpfungsmaterial aus Monokomponentenfasern und bevorzugt aus Mehrkomponentenfasern besteht. Vorzugsweise werden die Monokomponentenfasern bzw. die Mehrkomponentenfasern des Dämpfungsmaterials durch Extrusion durch eine Stauchkammer als texturierte bzw. gekräuselte Monokomponentenfasern bzw. Mehrkomponentenfasern hergestellt. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform bestehen die Monokomponentenfasern größtenteils und vorzugsweise vollständig aus dem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien.Conveniently, a damping material is placed between the blades on the base layer. It is within the scope of the invention that the damping material consists of monocomponent fibers and preferably of multicomponent fibers. Preferably, the monocomponent fibers or the multicomponent fibers of the damping material are produced by extrusion through a stuffer box as textured or crimped monocomponent fibers or multicomponent fibers. In one embodiment, the monocomponent fibers consist, for the most part and preferably completely, of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials.

Es empfiehlt sich, dass die Mehrkomponentenfasern des Dämpfungsmaterials eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration aufweisen. Zweckmäßigerweise besteht eine Kernkomponente größtenteils und vorzugsweise vollständig aus dem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien und ist empfohlenermaßen vollständig bzw. im Wesentlichen vollständig von einer Mantelkomponente umgeben. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform besteht die Mantelkomponente im Wesentlichen aus einem jungfräulichen Polyester der Terephthalsäure. Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, dass auch die Mantelkomponente aus einem Polyester der Terephthalsäure aus Abfallmaterialien gefertigt ist. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der Farbstoff und/oder der UV-Stabilisator ausschließlich in die Mantelkomponente eingebracht bzw. auf die Mantelkomponente aufgetragen.It is recommended that the multicomponent fibers of the damping material have a core-shell configuration. Conveniently, a core component consists mostly and preferably entirely of the polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials and is recommended to be completely or substantially completely surrounded by a sheath component. In one embodiment, the sheath component consists essentially of a virgin polyester of terephthalic acid. In principle, it is possible that the sheath component is made of a polyester of terephthalic acid from waste materials. According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the dye and / or the UV stabilizer is introduced exclusively into the shell component or applied to the shell component.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass der mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Kunstrasen über eine überraschend hohe Belastbarkeit verfügt. Dies meint insbesondere, dass die Halme eine hohe Resilienz bzw. Elastizität aufweisen. Wird ein solcher Kunstrasen häufigen Belastungen ausgesetzt, bei denen die Halme regelmäßig umgebogen werden, so richten sich die Halme regelmäßig wieder vollständig auf. Im Ergebnis verfügt der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Kunstrasen auch nach einer langen Standzeit bzw. Nutzungszeit weiterhin über ein ansprechendes bzw. optimales Erscheinungsbild. Wesentlich an der Erfindung ist auch, dass der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Kunstrasen hervorragende Dämpfungseigenschaften aufweist. Weiterhin zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Dämpfungsmaterial durch eine hervorragende Hautverträglichkeit aus, wodurch das Verletzungsrisiko für beispielsweise auf dem Kunstrasen stürzende Sportler sehr gering ist. Dies wird unter anderem durch die Ausgestaltung der texturierten, das Dämpfungsmaterial bildenden Fasern erreicht. Fernerhin ist die Umweltverträglichkeit des erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Kunstrasens unkritisch.The invention is based on the finding that the synthetic turf produced by the method according to the invention has a surprisingly high load capacity. This means in particular that the stalks a high Have resilience or elasticity. If such an artificial turf is subjected to frequent loads in which the stalks are regularly bent, the stalks regularly re-erect themselves completely. As a result, the artificial turf produced according to the invention also has a pleasing or optimal appearance even after a long service life or usage time. It is also essential to the invention that the synthetic turf produced according to the invention has excellent damping properties. Furthermore, the damping material according to the invention is characterized by excellent skin compatibility, whereby the risk of injury for example, on the artificial turf rushing athletes is very low. This is achieved inter alia by the design of the textured, the damping material forming fibers. Furthermore, the environmental compatibility of the synthetic turf produced according to the invention is not critical.

Weiterhin liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass der erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Kunstrasen aus gut verfügbaren und kostengünstigen Ausgangsmaterialien problemlos herstellbar ist. Vorteilhaft ist darüber hinaus, dass insbesondere die optische Qualität der Kernkomponenten der Mehrkomponentenfasern, die als Halme und als Dämfungsmaterial eingesetzt werden können, keinen bzw. im Wesentlichen keinen Einfluss auf das Aussehen des Kunstrasens haben.Furthermore, the invention is based on the finding that the synthetic turf produced according to the invention can easily be produced from readily available and inexpensive starting materials. It is also advantageous that, in particular, the optical quality of the core components of the multicomponent fibers, which can be used as blades and as a damping material, have no or essentially no influence on the appearance of the artificial turf.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens,
Fig.2
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Halmes und
Fig.3
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Mehrkomponentenfaser des Dämpfungsmaterials.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing showing only one exemplary embodiment. In a schematic representation:
Fig. 1
a side view of an artificial turf invention,
Fig.2
a perspective view of a straw according to the invention and
Figure 3
a perspective view of a multi-component fiber of the damping material.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine vergrößerte Ansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kunstrasens. Vorzugsweise und in dem Ausführungsbeispiel sind Halme 1 an einer Basisschicht 2 fixiert. In dem Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich bei der Basisschicht 2 um ein Gewebe. Es ist erkennbar, dass zwischen den Halmen 1 auf der Basisschicht 2 ein erfindungsgemäßes Dämpfungsmaterial 3 angeordnet ist. In Fig. 2 ist dargestellt, dass ein erfindungsgemäßer Halm 1 in dem Ausführungsbeispiel als Zweikomponentenfaser mit einer Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration ausgestaltet ist. Fig. 1 shows an enlarged view of the artificial turf invention. Preferably, and in the embodiment, stalks 1 are fixed to a base layer 2. In the exemplary embodiment, the base layer 2 is a fabric. It can be seen that between the blades 1 on the base layer 2, an inventive damping material 3 is arranged. In Fig. 2 It is shown that a straw 1 according to the invention is designed in the embodiment as a two-component fiber with a core-sheath configuration.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Bikomponentenfaser 6 des erfindungsgemäßen Dämpfungsmaterials 3 dargestellt, die eine Kern-Mantel-Konfiguration aufweist. Vorzugsweise und in dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 besteht eine Kernkomponente 7 aus PET aus Abfallmaterialien, während eine Mantelkomponente 8 aus mit einem Farbstoff und einem UV-Stabilisator versetztem, jungfräulichen PET besteht. In Fig. 3 ist fernerhin erkennbar, dass die Bikomponentenfaser 6 des Dämpfungsmaterials 3 texturiert bzw. gekräuselt ist. Infolge dessen verfügt die Bikomponentenfaser 6 des Dämpfungsmaterials 3 über eine hohe Elastizität und Rückstellkräfte, so dass die über das Dämpfungsmaterial 3 hinausragenden Halme nach einem Umbiegen beispielsweise durch Betreten des Kunstrasens nach Beendigung der Belastung zuverlässig wieder aufgerichtet werden.In Fig. 3 a bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 according to the invention is shown, which has a core-sheath configuration. Preferably and in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 For example, a core component 7 is made of PET from waste materials, while a sheath component 8 is made of a virgin PET added with a dye and a UV stabilizer. In Fig. 3 is further seen that the bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 is textured or crimped. As a result, the bicomponent fiber 6 of the damping material 3 has a high elasticity and restoring forces, so that the straws projecting beyond the damping material 3 are reliably erected again after bending, for example by entering the synthetic turf after the end of the load.

Claims (11)

  1. Method for producing an artificial turf, in particular for sports fields, garden design, golf courses and the like, comprising a base layer (2), a plurality of blades (1) and a damping material (3),
    wherein blades (1) are produced which consist for the most part of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and/or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) from waste materials,
    wherein the blades (1) are produced substantially as multi-component fibres having a core-sheath configuration, with the proviso that a first plastic component forms the sheath (4) of the multi-component fibres and consists substantially of at least one plastic from the group "PET from waste materials, PBT from waste materials, virgin PET, virgin PBT"
    and wherein the blades (1) are fixed to the base layer (2) and wherein damping material (3) is arranged between the blades (1).
  2. The method according to Claim 1, wherein at least one colouring agent and/or at least one UV stabiliser is added to the blades (1).
  3. The method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, wherein the blades (1) are produced as bi-component fibres.
  4. The method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein a second plastic component forms the core (5) and consists substantially of PET from waste materials and/or PBT from waste materials.
  5. The method according to one of Claims 2 to 4, wherein the colouring agent and/or the UV stabiliser is contained at least in the first plastic component.
  6. The method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the damping material consists of plastic fibres and wherein the plastic fibres of the damping material are formed as single-component fibres or preferably as multi-component fibres.
  7. The method according to Claim 6, wherein the plastic fibres of the damping material (3) are in each case twisted or down-twisted with a yarn at least in sections and preferably completely or substantially completely, and wherein the yarn consists completely or essentially completely of at least one component from the group "polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), virgin PET, PET from waste materials, virgin PBT, PBT from waste materials".
  8. A method for producing an artificial turf comprising a base layer (2) and comprising blades (1) wherein initially at least one polyester in the form of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) from waste materials and/or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) from waste materials, is crystallised and dried, wherein the polyester is then mixed in an extruder with at least one colouring agent and/or at least one UV stabiliser, wherein blades (1) of the artificial turf are extruded as multi-component fibres having a core-sheath configuration, wherein the extrusion is carried out with the proviso that at least a first plastic component forming the sheath (4) substantially consists of the PET from waste materials and/or the PBT from waste materials and wherein this plastic component contains the colouring agent and/or the UV stabiliser and wherein the blades (1) are fixed to a base layer (2).
  9. The method according to Claim 8, wherein the polyester is mixed in the extruder with at least one chain extender.
  10. The method according to one of Claims 8 or 9, wherein the polyester is dried in an extruder, which is selected from the group "single-screw extruder, double-screw extruder, multi-shaft extruder, planetary extruder".
  11. The method according to one of Claims 8 to 10, wherein a damping material (3) is arranged on the base layer (2) between the blades (1).
EP20080015877 2008-09-09 2008-09-09 Synthetic turf Not-in-force EP2161374B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080015877 EP2161374B1 (en) 2008-09-09 2008-09-09 Synthetic turf
CA2677511A CA2677511C (en) 2008-09-09 2009-09-02 Artificial turf
RU2009133729/03A RU2516308C2 (en) 2008-09-09 2009-09-08 Artificial coating
US12/556,002 US8283003B2 (en) 2008-09-09 2009-09-09 Artificial turf
CN200910205760A CN101684634A (en) 2008-09-09 2009-09-09 Artificial turf
US13/587,318 US8936748B2 (en) 2008-09-09 2012-08-16 Artificial turf

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20080015877 EP2161374B1 (en) 2008-09-09 2008-09-09 Synthetic turf

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EP2161374A1 EP2161374A1 (en) 2010-03-10
EP2161374B1 true EP2161374B1 (en) 2013-01-02

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EP20080015877 Not-in-force EP2161374B1 (en) 2008-09-09 2008-09-09 Synthetic turf

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US (2) US8283003B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2161374B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101684634A (en)
CA (1) CA2677511C (en)
RU (1) RU2516308C2 (en)

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EP3604638A1 (en) 2018-07-30 2020-02-05 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Artificial turf fiber with a core-cladding structure comprising an aged polymer
EP3604675A1 (en) 2018-07-30 2020-02-05 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Artificial turf fibers comprising polymer waste and a compensatory polymer
EP3604637A1 (en) 2018-07-30 2020-02-05 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Artificial turf fibers comprising aged polymers and a compatibilizer

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EP3604675A1 (en) 2018-07-30 2020-02-05 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Artificial turf fibers comprising polymer waste and a compensatory polymer
EP3604637A1 (en) 2018-07-30 2020-02-05 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Artificial turf fibers comprising aged polymers and a compatibilizer

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RU2516308C2 (en) 2014-05-20
CN101684634A (en) 2010-03-31
US8936748B2 (en) 2015-01-20
US20100062192A1 (en) 2010-03-11
EP2161374A1 (en) 2010-03-10
US20120305166A1 (en) 2012-12-06
CA2677511A1 (en) 2010-03-09
RU2009133729A (en) 2011-03-20
CA2677511C (en) 2015-11-10
US8283003B2 (en) 2012-10-09

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