EP2153160B1 - Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition - Google Patents

Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2153160B1
EP2153160B1 EP08734317A EP08734317A EP2153160B1 EP 2153160 B1 EP2153160 B1 EP 2153160B1 EP 08734317 A EP08734317 A EP 08734317A EP 08734317 A EP08734317 A EP 08734317A EP 2153160 B1 EP2153160 B1 EP 2153160B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propellant
pyrotechnic
ignition
inert
projectile
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EP08734317A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2153160A1 (en
Inventor
Thorsten LÜBBERS
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Priority to PL08734317T priority Critical patent/PL2153160T3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge ammunition, in particular a training ammunition, with a cartridge case and a shell inserted into this and mechanically connected to the cartridge case.
  • a drive chamber is provided which receives a propellant charge, the z. B. pyrotechnic with the help of a primer is flammable. After lighting the propellant gases of the propellant charge act on the bottom of the projectile, so that after releasing the mechanical connection between the cartridge case and projectile this is expelled from the cartridge case.
  • Such a patronized training ammunition is in the U.S. Patent 5,936,189 described.
  • This cartridge ammunition is used in conjunction with medium-caliber rapid-fire weapons of about 40 mm.
  • a plurality of such cartridges are received in a belt, which is then fed to a rapid-fire weapon.
  • the drive chamber in the cartridge case is divided into a high-pressure chamber in which the propellant is received, and in a low-pressure chamber which communicates with the high pressure chamber Overflow is in communication.
  • Cartridge sleeve and projectile are mechanically connected by a central screw, which is designed as a predetermined breaking point.
  • Such cartridge ammunition is used in high volumes and must be stored both safely and safely transported from the manufacturer to a user. Storage and transport usually take place in larger containers, eg. B. Tin boxes that receive a variety of such cartridges.
  • Such a melting material is z.
  • Such molten metals are about alloys of bismuth and tin, with possibly other metals, such as lead, etc., are added.
  • passage or passages are designed to withstand the high pressures within the drive chamber during the normal firing of projectiles from the cartridge case.
  • the invention has for its object to form a cartridge ammunition of the type in question from cartridge case and projectile so that an explosion-like separation of the two components in the case of a strong warming of the cartridge ammunition in the range of the lowest autoignition temperature of the pyrotechnic sets of ammunition or more In addition, so usually the autoignition temperature of the primer or the propellant charge is avoided.
  • the cartridge ammunition should not be changed in their geometry or additionally processed.
  • an inert fusible substance is introduced or mixed into the propellant whose melting temperature is lower than the ignition temperature of the propellant charge and / or the Ignition device is and melts at an external temperature increase in the direction of the ignition temperature of the propellant charge and / or the pyrotechnic charge of the ignition device and the components of the pyrotechnic sets phlegmatinstrument so far that ignition of the pyrotechnic charges is reliably prevented.
  • the phlegmatization according to the invention is just chosen so that ignition of the pyrotechnic sets is reliably prevented.
  • the inert substance is incorporated into the propellant charge and is present for example in the form of small balls, grains or flakes, which are mixed into the loose propellant charge powder.
  • This substance should melt at a temperature below the auto-ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic composition with the lowest ignition temperature. Upon melting of this substance, the particles of the propellant charge are wetted by the inert material, so that the propellant charge is phlegmatized or inactivated. Should then ignite the ignition anyway, the propellant does not react or only to a small extent. In any case, not so high a pressure is developed in the propulsion chamber below the floor of the bullet that the cartridge case and projectile separate from each other with high energy.
  • a wax preferably paraffin, which melts at about 140 ° C to 180 ° C is suitable.
  • the inert, meltable substance can also be accommodated in an open, in particular tubular, container projecting into the propellant chamber, in which, for example, a flare is accommodated, as is known from the abovementioned prior art.
  • the inert substance either replaces the flare or fills in at least part of the flare.
  • a fine-grained or feinpulvriges molten metal may be used, which is mixed into the powdery propellant charge.
  • Such Melt metal is, for example, a metal alloy of bismuth and tin, although other metals, such as lead, may still be present.
  • a cartridge ammunition is provided, which is structurally unmodified compared to a conventional cartridge ammunition according to the above prior art. Only the propellant charge is changed. This achieves a conceivably simple production method for a safe cartridge ammunition.
  • a cartridge ammunition 1 shown in the figure consists of a projectile 2 and a cartridge case 3.
  • the cartridge case 3 has a drive chamber 4, in which a propellant charge 5 is arranged from a pyrotechnic set.
  • the wall of the drive chamber 4 is provided with overflow openings 6, which open into a low pressure chamber 7, which is located below the floor 8.
  • the drive chamber 4 is provided with a central threaded connector 9, which engages in a central thread 10 in the floor 8. With the floor 8 can still be a tubular flare 11 connected, which emerges from the threaded connector 9 in the drive chamber 4.
  • the cartridge ammunition 1 has a caliber of z. B. 40 mm and is used in the lock of a gun tube, not shown here, from which the projectile 2 is shot down with a twist, to which the bullet has an here indicated only guide or twist band 12.
  • the propellant charge 5 is pyrotechnic ignited by a primer 13, which is inserted centrally into the bottom of the cartridge case 3.
  • the propellant charge 5 In the granular loose bed of the propellant charge 5 are small particles, such as balls, grains or flakes of interten substance 14, in this case admixed with a paraffin, wherein the amount of admixture is such that at a proper launching the ammunition ammunition burned the propellant charge 5 is substantially not hindered.
  • the ambient temperature of the cartridge ammunition above the autoignition temperature of the ignition device which is about 180 to 220 ° rise, melt the individual particles 14 of the inert material in the propellant charge 5 so that it is at least phlegmatized or even inactivated. Even with an ignition of the primer 13 then the propellant charge 5 would not ignite explosively.
  • inert material instead of a wax, in this case paraffin, metal alloys of bismuth and tin with any additives can also be used for the inert material, which also have a very low melting point in the range of about 140 ° C and in a similar manner wetting and thus phlegmatization of Cause propellant charge in case of fire.
  • this inert substance can also be taken up in the tubular flare 11, as indicated by the reference numeral 14 '.
  • small pyrotechnic set of primer 13 could be mixed with such an inert material, indicated by 14 ".

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Abstract

The invention relates to cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition, having a cartridge shell (3) and a projectile (2) placed therein. A propellant chamber (4) accommodating a pyrotechnic of a propellant charge (5) is disposed in the cartridge shell, such charge being ignitable by an ignition device (13) also containing pyrotechnic material that generates propellant gases that act on the base (8) of the projectile and propel the shot out of the cartridge shell. In order to prevent the pyrotechnic charges of the propellant charge and/or the ignition device from self-igniting at high ambient temperatures, particularly in a fire, thus tearing apart the cartridge shell and projectile and being flung away, an inert, meltable material is mixed into the pyrotechnic charges of the propellant charge and/or the ignition device. This material has a melting temperature that is lower than the self-ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic charge with the lowest ignition temperature and, upon melting, phlegmatises the pyrotechnic charges of the propellant charge and/or the ignition device.

Description

BEREICH DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Patronenmunition, insbesondere auf eine Übungsmunition, mit einer Patronenhülse und einem in diese eingesetzten und mit der Patronenhülse mechanisch verbundenen Geschoss. Am Boden der Patronenhülse ist hierbei eine Treibkammer vorgesehen, die eine Treibladung aufnimmt, die z. B. pyrotechnisch mit Hilfe eines Zündhütchens anzündbar ist. Nach dem Anzünden wirken die Treibgase der Treibladung auf den Boden des Geschosses, so dass nach Lösen der mechanischen Verbindung zwischen Patronenhülse und Geschoss dieses aus der Patronenhülse ausgetrieben wird.The invention relates to a cartridge ammunition, in particular a training ammunition, with a cartridge case and a shell inserted into this and mechanically connected to the cartridge case. At the bottom of the cartridge case in this case a drive chamber is provided which receives a propellant charge, the z. B. pyrotechnic with the help of a primer is flammable. After lighting the propellant gases of the propellant charge act on the bottom of the projectile, so that after releasing the mechanical connection between the cartridge case and projectile this is expelled from the cartridge case.

HINTERGRUND DER ERFINDUNGBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Eine solche patronierte Übungsmunition ist in der US-Patentschrift 5,936,189 beschrieben. Diese Patronenmunition wird in Verbindung mit Schnellfeuerwaffen mittleren Kalibers von etwa 40 mm verwendet. Eine Vielzahl derartiger Patronen wird in einem Gurt aufgenommen, der dann einer Schnellfeuerwaffe zugeführt wird.Such a patronized training ammunition is in the U.S. Patent 5,936,189 described. This cartridge ammunition is used in conjunction with medium-caliber rapid-fire weapons of about 40 mm. A plurality of such cartridges are received in a belt, which is then fed to a rapid-fire weapon.

Die Treibkammer in der Patronenhülse ist unterteilt in eine Hochdruckkammer, in der der Treibsatz aufgenommen ist, und in eine Niederdruckkammer, die mit der Hochdruckkammer über Überströmöffnungen in Verbindung steht. Patronenhülse und Geschoss sind mechanisch über eine zentrale Schraubverbindung verbunden, die als Sollbruchstelle ausgebildet ist.The drive chamber in the cartridge case is divided into a high-pressure chamber in which the propellant is received, and in a low-pressure chamber which communicates with the high pressure chamber Overflow is in communication. Cartridge sleeve and projectile are mechanically connected by a central screw, which is designed as a predetermined breaking point.

Wenn die Treibladung in der Hochdruckkammer über ein Anzündhütchen pyrotechnisch angezündet wird, brennt die Treibladung ab, entwickelt Treibgase mit hohem Druck, die dann in beiden Kammern auf den Geschossboden wirken und schließlich das Geschoss aus der Patronenhülse treiben, nachdem bei einem bestimmten Druck die Sollbruchstelle zwischen Patronenhülse und Geschoss aufgebrochen ist.When the propellant in the high-pressure chamber is ignited pyrotechnically via a primer, the propellant burns off, develops propellant gases at high pressure, which then act in both chambers on the floor and finally drive the bullet out of the cartridge case, after at a certain pressure the breaking point between Cartridge shell and bullet is broken.

Eine ähnliche Patronenmunition ist in der US-Patentschrift 4,892,038 beschrieben.A similar cartridge ammunition is in the U.S. Patent 4,892,038 described.

Des weiteren sind Übungspatronen dieser Art bekannt, bei denen nur eine Niederdruck-Treibkammer vorgesehen ist; solche Patronen werden als Niedrig-Geschwindigkeits-Patronen (Low Velocity Ammunition) bezeichnet.Furthermore, practice cartridges of this type are known in which only a low-pressure drive chamber is provided; such cartridges are referred to as low-speed ammunition cartridges.

Derartige Patronenmunition wird in hohen Stückzahlen verwendet und muss sowohl sicher gelagert als auch sicher von dem Hersteller zu einem Anwender transportiert werden. Lagerung und Transport erfolgen in der Regel in größeren Behältern, z. B. Blechkisten, die eine Vielzahl derartiger Patronen aufnehmen.Such cartridge ammunition is used in high volumes and must be stored both safely and safely transported from the manufacturer to a user. Storage and transport usually take place in larger containers, eg. B. Tin boxes that receive a variety of such cartridges.

Trotz der nicht unerheblichen Menge an Zündstoff für Zündhütchen und Treibladung, die sich in einem Lager- oder Transportbehälter befindet, sind Lagerung und Transport üblicherweise problemlos. Ein Risiko stellt allenfalls ein Brand im Lager- oder Transportraum dar, bei dem Temperaturen um und über 220°C erreicht werden.Despite the not inconsiderable amount of ignition material for primer and propellant charge, which is located in a storage or transport container, storage and transport are usually easy. At most, a fire poses a fire in the storage or transport area, where temperatures above and above 220 ° C are reached.

Bei solchen Temperaturen zündet jedoch bereits die pyrotechnische Anzündladung des Zündhütchens. Diese zündet dann auch die eigentliche Treibladung, die sonst erst bei 320°C bis 400°C zündet. Nach dem Zünden der Treibladung wird, wie beim gewöhnlichen Schuss, in der Treibkammer ein solcher Druck aufgebaut, der auf den Geschossboden wirkt, dass schließlich nach Aufbrechen der mechanischen Verbindung zwischen Patronenhülse und Geschoss diese explosionsartig auseinander geschleudert werden.At such temperatures, however, already ignites the pyrotechnic ignition charge of the primer. This then ignites the actual propellant, which otherwise ignites only at 320 ° C to 400 ° C. After the ignition of the propellant charge, as in the ordinary shot, such a pressure builds up in the driving chamber, which acts on the floor of the floor, that finally after breaking the mechanical connection between the cartridge case and projectile they are thrown apart explosively.

Allein schon durch die Menge der explodierenden Treibsätze einer Vielzahl von Patronen kann ein erheblicher Schaden entstehen. Aber auch die explosionsartig auseinander gerissenen Patronenhülsen und Geschosse können große Schäden verursachen. Patronenhülse und Geschoss wirken hierbei beide quasi wie Geschosse. Etwaige Aufnahmebehälter werden dadurch zerstört, wobei die auseinander getriebenen Patronenhülsen und Geschosse auch noch Menschen gefährden und große mechanische Schäden anrichten können.Alone by the amount of exploding propellant charges of a variety of cartridges can cause considerable damage. But even the explosively torn apart cartridge cases and projectiles can cause great damage. Cartridge sleeve and projectile act both like bullets. Any receptacles are thereby destroyed, with the disassembled cartridge cases and projectiles also endanger people and cause great mechanical damage.

In Versuchen wurden derartige Patronen in eine Heizschale gelegt, wonach die Heizschale langsam aufgeheizt wurde. Nach Erreichen der Zündtemperatur des Zündhütchens von etwa 220°C wurden, wie geschildert, zunächst das Zündhütchen und durch dieses anschließend die Treibladung der Patronen gezündet. Durch den Druckaufbau in der Treibkammer wurden Patronenhülse und Geschoss auseinander gerissen und bis zu 100 Metern weit geschleudert, so dass die Energie, die von vielen derartiger Patronen bei einem Brand freigesetzt wird, gut vorstellbar ist.In experiments such cartridges were placed in a heating bowl, after which the heating shell was heated slowly. After reaching the ignition temperature of the primer cap of about 220 ° C, as described, first the primer and then ignited by this the propellant charge of the cartridges. Due to the build-up of pressure in the drive chamber, the cartridge case and projectile were torn apart and thrown up to 100 meters, so that the energy that is released by many such cartridges in a fire, is well conceivable.

Um bei einer starken Erhöhung der Außentemperatur über die Zündtemperatur bzw. Selbstzündtemperatur der pyrotechnischen Anzündladung, z. B. bei einem Brand, ein Auseinanderreißen von Patronenhülse und Geschoss und eine Schädigung der Umwelt zu vermeiden, ist es aus der DE 102004017465 sowie der korrespondierenden WO 2005/098348 bekannt, von der Treibkammer ausgehend zumindest eine und bevorzugt mehrere Passagen vorzusehen, die die Wand der Patronenhülse durchdringen und mit einem festen, druckdichten, schmelzbaren Material ausgefüllt sind, dessen Schmelzpunkt niedriger als die niedrigste Zündtemperatur eines der pyrotechnischen Sätze der Patrone ist, also niedriger als die Zündtemperaturen der pyrotechnischen Zündladung und der Treibladung.In case of a strong increase in the outside temperature on the ignition temperature or auto-ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic ignition charge, z. As in a fire, a tearing apart of the cartridge case and projectile and to avoid damage to the environment, it is from the DE 102004017465 as well as the corresponding one WO 2005/098348 It is known to provide at least one and preferably several passages starting from the blowing chamber and penetrating the wall of the cartridge shell and filled with a solid, pressure-tight, fusible material whose melting point is lower than the lowest ignition temperature of one of the cartridge's pyrotechnic charges, ie lower than the ignition temperatures of the pyrotechnic ignition charge and the propellant charge.

Ein solches Schmelzmaterial ist z. B. ein Schmelzmetall. Derartige Schmelzmetalle sind etwa Legierungen aus Wismut und Zinn, wobei ggf. noch andere Metalle, wie Blei etc., zugesetzt sind.Such a melting material is z. B. a molten metal. Such molten metals are about alloys of bismuth and tin, with possibly other metals, such as lead, etc., are added.

Wenn demnach eine Patrone der in Rede stehenden Art bis auf die Schmelztemperatur des Schmelzmateriales bzw. Schmelzmetalles von z. B. 140° bis 180° C aufgeheizt wird, schmilzt das Schmelzmaterial in den Passagen zwischen der Treibkammer in der Patronenhülse und der Außenumgebung. Wenn bei weiter steigender Temperatur das Zündhütchen und schließlich dadurch auch die Treibladung angezündet werden, so kann sich in der Treibkammer kein Druck aufbauen, da die frei gelegten Passagen als Druckentlastungsöffnungen fungieren. Die Folge ist, dass die Treibladung lediglich abbrennt, wobei die dabei entwickelten Treibgase durch die Entlastungsöffnungen entweichen können. Patronenhülse und Geschoss werden auf diese Weise nicht voneinander getrennt, so dass weder ein Druckschaden noch ein mechanischer Schaden entsteht.Accordingly, if a cartridge of the type in question up to the melting temperature of the molten material or molten metal of z. B. heated to 140 ° to 180 ° C, melts the melt material in the passages between the drive chamber in the cartridge case and the outside environment. If, as the temperature continues to rise, the primer and, ultimately, the propellant charge are ignited, no pressure can build up in the propellant chamber as the exposed passages act as pressure relief ports. The result is that the propellant only burns off, whereby the propellant gases thereby developed can escape through the discharge openings. Cartridge sleeve and projectile are not separated in this way, so that neither a pressure damage nor a mechanical damage occurs.

Dieses wurde in Versuchen bestätigt, bei denen eine Vielzahl derartiger Patronen in einer üblichen Transportkiste aus Blech aufgenommen war. Es wurde nicht einmal die Blechkiste wesentlich beschädigt.This has been confirmed in experiments in which a plurality of such cartridges were accommodated in a conventional sheet metal transport box. Not even the tin box was significantly damaged.

Die Passage oder die Passagen, wie immer sie gestaltet sind, sind so ausgebildet, dass beim normalen Verschuss der Geschosse aus der Patronenhülse das Schmelzmaterial den hohen Drücken innerhalb der Treibkammer standhält.The passage or passages, however designed, are designed to withstand the high pressures within the drive chamber during the normal firing of projectiles from the cartridge case.

AUFGABE DER ERFINDUNGOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Patronenmunition der in Rede stehenden Art aus Patronenhülse und Geschoss so auszubilden, dass eine explosionsartige Trennung der beiden Bestandteile im Falle einer starken Erwärmung der Patronenmunition bis in den Bereich der niedrigsten Selbstentzündungstemperatur eines der pyrotechnischen Sätze der Munition oder darüber hinaus, also üblicherweise der Selbstentzündungstemperatur des Zündhütchens oder der Treibladung, vermieden wird. Die Patronenmunition soll dabei in ihrer Geometrie nicht verändert oder zusätzlich bearbeitet werden.The invention has for its object to form a cartridge ammunition of the type in question from cartridge case and projectile so that an explosion-like separation of the two components in the case of a strong warming of the cartridge ammunition in the range of the lowest autoignition temperature of the pyrotechnic sets of ammunition or more In addition, so usually the autoignition temperature of the primer or the propellant charge is avoided. The cartridge ammunition should not be changed in their geometry or additionally processed.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG DER ERFINDUNGSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Diese Aufgaben sind durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.These objects are achieved by the features of claim 1.

Demgemäß wird in die Treibladung ein inerter schmelzbarer Stoff eingebracht bzw. eingemischt, dessen Schmelztemperatur niedriger als die Zündtemperatur der Treibladung und/oder der Zündeinrichtung ist und der bei einer externen Temperaturerhöhung in Richtung auf die Zündtemperatur der Treibladung und/oder der pyrotechnischen Ladung der Zündeinrichtung schmilzt und die Komponenten der pyrotechnischen Sätze so weit phlegmatisiert, dass eine Zündung der pyrotechnischen Sätze sicher verhindert wird.Accordingly, an inert fusible substance is introduced or mixed into the propellant whose melting temperature is lower than the ignition temperature of the propellant charge and / or the Ignition device is and melts at an external temperature increase in the direction of the ignition temperature of the propellant charge and / or the pyrotechnic charge of the ignition device and the components of the pyrotechnic sets phlegmatisiert so far that ignition of the pyrotechnic charges is reliably prevented.

Es ist zwar bekannt, pyrotechnische Sätze zu phlegmatisieren; vgl. etwa die GB 348 657 A , die einen Startpunkt für den Anspruch 1 bildet. Hierzu werden z. B. die Komponenten des pyrotechnischen Satzes mit einem Wachs, z. B. Paraffin, dünn überzogen, sodass eine unbeabsichtigte Zündung des Satzes durch Reibung, Schocks oder Schläge verhindert wird, gleichwohl jedoch eine sichere Zündung des Satzes bei einer entsprechenden gewollten Anzündung sichergestellt wird.Although it is known to phlegmatize pyrotechnic sentences; see. about the GB 348 657 A , which forms a starting point for claim 1. For this purpose, for. B. the components of the pyrotechnic composition with a wax, z. As paraffin, thin coated, so that accidental ignition of the sentence by friction, shocks or shocks is prevented, however, however, a secure ignition of the sentence is ensured at a corresponding intentional ignition.

Die Phlegmatisierung gemäß der Erfindung ist jedoch gerade so gewählt, dass eine Zündung der pyrotechnischen Sätze sicher verhindert wird.However, the phlegmatization according to the invention is just chosen so that ignition of the pyrotechnic sets is reliably prevented.

Vorzugsweise ist hierbei der inerte Stoff in die Treibladung eingearbeitet und liegt zum Beispiel in Form von kleinen Kugeln, Körnern oder Flocken vor, die in das lose Treibladungspulver eingemischt sind. Dieser Stoff sollte bei einer Temperatur schmelzen, die unterhalb der Selbstentzündungstemperatur des pyrotechnischen Satzes mit der niedrigsten Zündtemperatur liegt. Beim Schmelzen dieses Stoffes werden die Teilchen der Treibladung von dem inerten Stoff benetzt, sodass die Treibladung phlegmatisiert beziehungsweise inaktiviert wird. Sollte dann trotzdem die Zündeinrichtung zünden, so reagiert die Treibladung nicht oder nur in geringem Umfang. Auf jeden Fall wird in der Treibkammer unterhalb des Geschossbodens nicht ein so hoher Druck entwickelt, dass sich Patronenhülse und Geschoss voneinander mit hoher Energie lösen.Preferably, in this case, the inert substance is incorporated into the propellant charge and is present for example in the form of small balls, grains or flakes, which are mixed into the loose propellant charge powder. This substance should melt at a temperature below the auto-ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic composition with the lowest ignition temperature. Upon melting of this substance, the particles of the propellant charge are wetted by the inert material, so that the propellant charge is phlegmatized or inactivated. Should then ignite the ignition anyway, the propellant does not react or only to a small extent. In any case, not so high a pressure is developed in the propulsion chamber below the floor of the bullet that the cartridge case and projectile separate from each other with high energy.

Als inerter Stoff eignet sich insbesondere ein Wachs, vorzugsweise Paraffin, das bei ca. 140°C bis 180°C schmilzt.As an inert material, in particular a wax, preferably paraffin, which melts at about 140 ° C to 180 ° C is suitable.

Der inerte schmelzbare Stoff kann unter Umständen auch in einem in die Treibkammer hineinragenden offenen, insbesondere rohrförmigen Behälter aufgenommen sein, in dem, wie aus dem oben genannten Stand der Technik bekannt, zum Beispiel ein Leuchtsatz aufgenommen ist. Der inerte Stoff ersetzt entweder den Leuchtsatz oder füllt zumindest einen Teil des Leuchtsatzes aus.Under certain circumstances, the inert, meltable substance can also be accommodated in an open, in particular tubular, container projecting into the propellant chamber, in which, for example, a flare is accommodated, as is known from the abovementioned prior art. The inert substance either replaces the flare or fills in at least part of the flare.

Als inerter Stoff kann unter anderem auch ein feinkörniges oder feinpulvriges Schmelzmetall verwendet werden, das in die pulvrige Treibladung eingemischt wird. Ein solches Schmelzmetall ist zum Beispiel eine Metalllegierung aus Wismut und Zinn, wobei andere Metalle, so etwa Blei, noch vorhanden sein können.As an inert material, inter alia, a fine-grained or feinpulvriges molten metal may be used, which is mixed into the powdery propellant charge. Such Melt metal is, for example, a metal alloy of bismuth and tin, although other metals, such as lead, may still be present.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine Patronenmunition zur Verfügung gestellt, die gegenüber einer herkömmlichen Patronenmunition gemäß dem obigen Stand der Technik baulich nicht modifiziert ist. Es wird lediglich die Treibladung verändert. Damit wird ein denkbar einfaches Herstellungsverfahren für eine sichere Patronenmunition erreicht.With the invention, a cartridge ammunition is provided, which is structurally unmodified compared to a conventional cartridge ammunition according to the above prior art. Only the propellant charge is changed. This achieves a conceivably simple production method for a safe cartridge ammunition.

KURZBESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

Die Erfindung wird in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der einzigen Figur näher beschrieben, die einen Längsschnitt durch eine Patronenmunition aus einem Geschoss und einer Patronenhülse gemäß der Erfindung zeigt.The invention will be described in more detail in an embodiment with reference to the single figure, which shows a longitudinal section through a cartridge ammunition from a projectile and a cartridge case according to the invention.

DETAILLIERTE BESCHREIBUNG DES BEVORZUGTEN AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIELSDETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

Eine in der Figur dargestellte Patronenmunition 1 besteht aus einem Geschoss 2 und einer Patronenhülse 3. Die Patronenhülse 3 weist eine Treibkammer 4 auf, in der eine Treibladung 5 aus einem pyrotechnischen Satz angeordnet ist.A cartridge ammunition 1 shown in the figure consists of a projectile 2 and a cartridge case 3. The cartridge case 3 has a drive chamber 4, in which a propellant charge 5 is arranged from a pyrotechnic set.

Die Wand der Treibkammer 4 ist mit Überströmöffnungen 6 versehen, die in eine Niederdruckkammer 7 münden, die unterhalb des Geschossbodens 8 gelegen ist. Die Treibkammer 4 ist mit einem zentralen Gewindestutzen 9 versehen, der in ein zentrales Gewinde 10 im Geschossboden 8 eingreift. Mit dem Geschossboden 8 kann noch ein rohrförmiger Leuchtsatz 11 verbunden sein, der ausgehend von dem Gewindestutzen 9 in die Treibkammer 4 taucht.The wall of the drive chamber 4 is provided with overflow openings 6, which open into a low pressure chamber 7, which is located below the floor 8. The drive chamber 4 is provided with a central threaded connector 9, which engages in a central thread 10 in the floor 8. With the floor 8 can still be a tubular flare 11 connected, which emerges from the threaded connector 9 in the drive chamber 4.

Die Patronenmunition 1 hat ein Kaliber von z. B. 40 mm und wird in das Schloss einer hier nicht gezeigten Rohrwaffe eingesetzt, aus der das Geschoss 2 mit Drall abgeschossen wird, wozu das Geschoss ein hier nur angedeutetes Führungs- bzw. Drallband 12 aufweist.The cartridge ammunition 1 has a caliber of z. B. 40 mm and is used in the lock of a gun tube, not shown here, from which the projectile 2 is shot down with a twist, to which the bullet has an here indicated only guide or twist band 12.

Die Treibladung 5 wird durch ein Zündhütchen 13 pyrotechnisch gezündet, das mittig in den Boden der Patronenhülse 3 eingesetzt ist.The propellant charge 5 is pyrotechnic ignited by a primer 13, which is inserted centrally into the bottom of the cartridge case 3.

In die körnige lose Schüttung der Treibladung 5 sind kleine Partikel, so zum Beispiel Kugeln, Körner oder Flocken eines interten Stoffes 14, in diesem Falle eines Paraffins beigemischt, wobei die Menge der Beimischung so bemessen ist, dass bei einem ordnungsgemäßen Abschuss der Patronenmunition der Abbrand der Treibladung 5 im Wesentlichen nicht behindert wird. Sollte jedoch zum Beispiel bei einem Brand die Umgebungstemperatur der Patronenmunition über die Selbstzündtemperatur der Zündeinrichtung, die bei etwa 180 bis 220° liegt, steigen, schmelzen die einzelnen Teilchen 14 des inerten Stoffes in der Treibladung 5, sodass diese zumindest phlegmatisiert oder sogar inaktiviert wird. Selbst bei einer Zündung des Zündhütchens 13 würde dann die Treibladung 5 nicht explosionsartig zünden.In the granular loose bed of the propellant charge 5 are small particles, such as balls, grains or flakes of interten substance 14, in this case admixed with a paraffin, wherein the amount of admixture is such that at a proper launching the ammunition ammunition burned the propellant charge 5 is substantially not hindered. However, if, for example, in a fire the ambient temperature of the cartridge ammunition above the autoignition temperature of the ignition device, which is about 180 to 220 ° rise, melt the individual particles 14 of the inert material in the propellant charge 5 so that it is at least phlegmatized or even inactivated. Even with an ignition of the primer 13 then the propellant charge 5 would not ignite explosively.

Anstelle eines Wachses, in diesem Falle Paraffin, können auch für den inerten Stoff Metalllegierungen aus Wismut und Zinn mit etwaigen Zusätzen verwendet werden, die ebenfalls einen sehr niedrigen Schmelzpunkt im Bereich von etwa 140°C aufweisen und in ähnlicher Weise eine Benetzung und damit Phlegmatisierung der Treibladung bei einem Brand bewirken. Zusätzlich zu der Beimischung eines inerten Stoffes 14 oder anstelle der Beimischung in die Treibladung 5 kann dieser inerte Stoff auch in dem rohrförmigen Leuchtsatz 11 aufgenommen werden, wie dieses durch das Bezugszeichen 14' angedeutet ist.Instead of a wax, in this case paraffin, metal alloys of bismuth and tin with any additives can also be used for the inert material, which also have a very low melting point in the range of about 140 ° C and in a similar manner wetting and thus phlegmatization of Cause propellant charge in case of fire. In addition to the admixture of an inert substance 14 or instead of the admixture in the propellant charge 5, this inert substance can also be taken up in the tubular flare 11, as indicated by the reference numeral 14 '.

Zusätzlich könnte auch der kleine pyrotechnische Satz des Zündhütchens 13 mit einem solchen inerten Stoff vermischt werden, was durch 14" angedeutet ist.In addition, the small pyrotechnic set of primer 13 could be mixed with such an inert material, indicated by 14 ".

Claims (8)

  1. Fixed ammunition, particularly medium-calibre, with a cartridge case and a projectile inserted therein and mechanically connected to the cartridge case, wherein a propellant comprising a pyrotechnic substance is provided in a propellant chamber of the cartridge case, said propellant being ignited using an ignition mechanism likewise containing a pyrotechnic substance with its propellant gases exerting pressure on the projectile base during burning, which causes the projectile to be expelled from the cartridge case, wherein an inert, fusible material may be introduced into the pyrotechnic substances of the propellant and/or of the pyrotechnic ignition mechanism, the fusion temperature of which is lower than the ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic substances of the propellant and/or of the ignition mechanism and which fuses when the external temperature of the fixed ammunition rises towards the ignition temperature of the propellant and/or of the ignition mechanism charge and the components of the pyrotechnic substances are phlegmatized such that ignition of the pyrotechnic substances is prevented.
  2. Fixed ammunition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inert, fusible material is incorporated or mixed into the pyrotechnic substance of the propellant.
  3. Fixed ammunition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inert, fusible material is contained in an open container, particularly a tube, projecting into the pyrotechnic substance of the propellant.
  4. Fixed ammunition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inert, fusible material is admixed to the pyrotechnic substance of the propellant and/or of the ignition mechanism in the form of small spheres, grains or flakes.
  5. Fixed ammunition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inert, fusible material wets the substance of the propellant and/or of the ignition mechanism when it fuses.
  6. Fixed ammunition according to Claim 5, characterized in that the inert, fusible material is a wax, particularly paraffin.
  7. Fixed ammunition according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the inert, fusible material is a fusible metal.
  8. Fixed ammunition according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fusible metal is a metal alloy containing at least bismuth and tin.
EP08734317A 2007-06-04 2008-02-25 Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition Not-in-force EP2153160B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08734317T PL2153160T3 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-02-25 Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007025981A DE102007025981A1 (en) 2007-06-04 2007-06-04 Cartridge ammunition, in particular exercise ammunition
PCT/DE2008/000336 WO2008148365A1 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-02-25 Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2153160A1 EP2153160A1 (en) 2010-02-17
EP2153160B1 true EP2153160B1 (en) 2012-04-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08734317A Not-in-force EP2153160B1 (en) 2007-06-04 2008-02-25 Cartridged ammunition, particularly blank ammunition

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US (1) US8042472B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2153160B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5328779B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE552473T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2008258443B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2689991C (en)
DE (1) DE102007025981A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2384197T3 (en)
IL (1) IL202490A0 (en)
PL (1) PL2153160T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2008148365A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200908732B (en)

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DE102009048365B3 (en) * 2009-10-06 2010-10-07 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Cartridge-type ammunition i.e. garnet ammunition, has projectile and casing that are connected over connection, where connection has membrane with breaking point or opening point opened during preset pressure in high pressure chamber
US8997774B2 (en) * 2011-05-13 2015-04-07 Stojan Kotefski Pressure discharge valve
RU2498973C2 (en) * 2012-01-18 2013-11-20 Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") Charge for gas and dummy 5,6 mm-cartridges of annular ignition
US9021961B1 (en) * 2012-03-20 2015-05-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Enhanced stability extended range (guidance adaptable) 40 mm projectile
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2689991A1 (en) 2008-12-11
ZA200908732B (en) 2010-10-27
ATE552473T1 (en) 2012-04-15
AU2008258443B2 (en) 2014-05-15
JP5328779B2 (en) 2013-10-30
CA2689991C (en) 2015-06-23
DE102007025981A1 (en) 2008-12-11
JP2010529401A (en) 2010-08-26
EP2153160A1 (en) 2010-02-17
US20100288152A1 (en) 2010-11-18
ES2384197T3 (en) 2012-07-02
WO2008148365A1 (en) 2008-12-11
IL202490A0 (en) 2010-06-30
PL2153160T3 (en) 2012-09-28
US8042472B2 (en) 2011-10-25
AU2008258443A1 (en) 2008-12-11

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