Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
  • C06D3/00—Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part)
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B39/00—Compositions containing free phosphorus or a binary compound of phosphorus, except with oxygen

Definitions

• the invention relates to an agent for selectively causing a detonation or deflagration with mist formation. Such agents are not yet known. Under a mist in the context of the invention, a pyrotechnically generated mist will be understood. The invention further relates to an active agent for inducing deflagration with formation of mist and the use of an active mass for pyrotechnic generation of a mist.
• a pyrotechnic fog set based on red phosphorus and guanidine nitrate, by means of which a non-toxic mist can be generated.
• a disadvantage of this pyrotechnic fog set is the low burning rate and the associated poor camouflage performance in the visual field. Due to the low exothermicity of the decomposition of guanidine nitrate, this fog set is also not suitable for camouflage purposes in the infrared range.
• the EP 1 173 394 B9 is a pyrotechnic active material for generating a highly emissive in the infrared and visually impenetrable aerosol known.
• the active material contains 55 to 62% of red phosphorus, 18 to 23% of alkali metal nitrates, 10 to 18% of minor components of transition metals and metalloids and 5 to 7% of binder.
• a disadvantage of this active material is the inherent formation of metal phosphides. The formation of magnesium phosphide together with the presence of atmospheric moisture leads to the formation of highly toxic phosphine (PH 3 ).
• the very stable phosphides TiP, ZrP, BP and Si 2 P or Si 3 P are also formed, in which the phosphorus is stably bound but for the production of the aerosol no more is available. By the intercepted phosphorus, the yield of aerosol is reduced.
• a blast active charge consisting of red phosphorus, an explosive and a binder
• HMX octogen
• HTPB hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene
• Such blast active charges have a high detonation velocity. During the detonation, a high pressure exponent is achieved, thereby causing accelerated burnout in confined spaces. Furthermore, the resulting oxide has a high volatility and thereby makes a contribution to the pressure-volume work.
• Object of the present invention is to provide an active agent which is suitable for the pyrotechnic generation of a mist and possibly also for generating an explosive effect. Furthermore, a use for the pyrotechnic generation of a mist should be specified.
• an active agent for selectively inducing deflagration with formation of mist or a detonation
• the active agent comprises a red phosphorus, a nitramine and a binder comprising active material and is equipped so that it can be used with a thermal igniter or a detonating detonator for igniting the Active mass can be fitted.
• a thermal igniter is understood to be an igniter, which is a thermal ignition of the active material, d. H. an ignition by heating causes.
• a detonating detonator causes an ignition of the active mass by an initial pulse.
• the present invention is based on the finding that a detonating ignition with the detonating detonator causes a detonation of the active material, while a thermal ignition with the thermal detonator causes a deflagration of the active material under mist formation.
• the active composition burns rapidly on thermal ignition, producing a very dense mist, which is also impermeable to thermal imaging devices in the wavelength range from 8 to 14 ⁇ m.
• the formed mist can thus serve for glare or camouflage purposes in the visual and infrared spectral range and in particular for camouflage against weapons aimed at warm targets.
• the active agent according to the invention in particular under confinement, gives a very strong impulse.
• the pulse can be stronger than, for example, that of the known pulse explosive Hexal.
• the active material of the active agent according to the invention can be pressed with moderate pressing pressure without triggering a detonation and thus easy to process.
• a major advantage of the active agent according to the invention is that it can be equipped with a detonating detonator or a thermal igniter immediately before its use depending on the desired application. By using the active agent according to the invention, it simplifies the logistics for providing means for generating mist and explosives, since one and the same active agent can be used both for mist production and for blasting.
• the invention further relates to an active agent for inducing deflagration with mist formation, wherein the active agent comprises a reactive phosphor comprising a red phosphorus, a nitramine and a binder and a thermal igniter for igniting the active mass.
• the active agent comprises a reactive phosphor comprising a red phosphorus, a nitramine and a binder and a thermal igniter for igniting the active mass.
• the active agent additionally has a detonating detonator. This makes it possible to decide without mechanical manipulation and solely by the choice of the igniter to be activated via a detonation or a deflagration of the active mass. Since both detonators are usually electrically activated, the decision on the choice of the detonator to be activated can be made by means of an electronic control.
• the invention relates to the use of a red phosphorus, a nitramine and a binder comprising active material for pyrotechnic generation of a mist.
• the active material contains no metal and / or no metal compound.
• the nitramine may be hexogen (RDX), octogen (HMX), hexanitroisowurtzitane (CL20) or 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxo-4,10-diazatetracyclo [5.5.0.0 5.9 .0 3,11 ] dodecane (TEX) act.
• the binder may be 4454 hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), polyglycidyl azide (GAP), Viton ®, in particular Viton ® A, or HyTemp ®.
• Viton is a fluoroelastomer available from DuPont Performance Elastomers SA, 2, chemin du Pavillon, CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex, Geneva, Switzerland.
• HyTemp 4454 is a polyacrylate which can be obtained from ZEON EUROPE GmbH, Niederkasseler Lohweg 177, 40547 Dusseldorf, Germany. If the binder HTPB or GAP, it is advantageous if the proportion of the binder to the active material is at least 12%. If the binder is Viton or HyTemp 4454, the proportion of the binder in the active material is preferably at least 4%.
• the active material preferably additionally comprises a plasticizer, in particular dioctyl adipate (DOA), isodecyl perlagonate (IDP) or dioctyl phthalate (DOP).
• DOA dioctyl adipate
• IDP isodecyl perlagonate
• DOP dioctyl phthalate
• the plasticizer improves the processability of the active material.
• the sensitivity of the active mass against accidental ignition is reduced by a shock wave, d. H. the active mass is phlegmatized.
• the active mass can be made firing resistant up to a launch acceleration of 18000 g. Due to the reduced shock wave sensitivity, the active material is uncomplicated to handle and versatile, for example, in pioneer ammunition or in available warheads of all kinds.
• Pioneer ammunition is understood to mean ammunition that is not fired. For example, it may be mines, hand grenades or a moldable explosive charge, d. H. a so-called
• the active material preferably additionally contains graphite.
• the graphite facilitates the processability of the active material by reducing shear forces occurring during processing.
• the graphite reduces by its electrical conductivity electrostatic charge of the active mass during processing and their subsequent handling.
• the electrostatic sensitivity of the active mass is reduced and increases their safety in their processing and handling. Without the graphite, it can easily lead to an electrostatic charge and with a consequent electrostatic discharge to an ignition of the active mass.
• the active material preferably contains 10 to 81 percent by weight (wt .-%), in particular 15 to 70 wt .-% of the red phosphorus.
• the active material may contain 15 to 86 wt .-%, in particular 25 to 80 wt .-% of the nitramine.
• a booster is an explosive that is detonated by activation of the detonator, creating a strong initial impulse. As a result, the active mass is ignited so that it detonates.
• an active mass which is strongly phlegmatized by a relatively high proportion of plasticizer can be ignited more reliably and thereby detonated.
• the booster may be, for example, PBXN-5 or CH-6.
• PBXN-5 consists of 95 wt% HMX and 5 wt% Viton A.
• CH-6 is 97.5 wt% RDX, 1.5 wt% calcium stearate, 0.5 wt% Polyisobutylene and 0.5 wt .-% graphite.
• Both PBXN-5 and CH-6 can be obtained, for example, from EURENCO, 12, quai Henri IV, 75004 Paris, France.
• the active agent according to the invention can be designed as, in particular moldable, explosive charge or ammunition, in particular as a missile artillery projectile or as a grenade, preferably as a vehicle grenade, hand grenade, mortar shell or artillery shell.
• a vehicle grenade is a grenade that is usually thrown by means of an electrically operated launcher.
• Blends of RDX, 10 to 80% by weight of red phosphorus, 1% graphite, 2% polyacrylate binder, and 6% dioctyl adipate are fast-burning fog-forming mixtures with strong thermal signature in the thermal image area.

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• 2008
  • 2008-08-06 DE DE102008036649A patent/DE102008036649A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2009
  • 2009-08-04 EP EP20090010026 patent/EP2151422A2/fr not_active Withdrawn

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