EP2142411B1 - Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies - Google Patents

Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2142411B1
EP2142411B1 EP08787999.5A EP08787999A EP2142411B1 EP 2142411 B1 EP2142411 B1 EP 2142411B1 EP 08787999 A EP08787999 A EP 08787999A EP 2142411 B1 EP2142411 B1 EP 2142411B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bogie
wheels
railway vehicle
zone
vehicle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08787999.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2142411A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Rodet
Christophe Eche
Yves Longueville
Francis Demarquilly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Priority to PL08787999T priority Critical patent/PL2142411T3/en
Publication of EP2142411A1 publication Critical patent/EP2142411A1/en
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Publication of EP2142411B1 publication Critical patent/EP2142411B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/32—Guides, e.g. plates, for axle-boxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/32—Guides, e.g. plates, for axle-boxes
    • B61F5/325—The guiding device including swinging arms or the like to ensure the parallelism of the axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D13/00—Tramway vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels

Definitions

  • the invention generally relates to rail vehicles, including trams.
  • the invention relates to a vehicle supported by bogies mounted by pivot connections to said vehicle and for arranging in the vehicle wide bottom lanes.
  • a vehicle is described in the patent application CZ 2000 - 46 91 .
  • Such a bogie is known from the document WO-00/64721 which describes a trolley including a body and at least one motorized bogie of this type.
  • the longitudinal members of the bogie frame are placed immediately inside the wheels, the drive motors of the wheels being placed outside the bogie with respect to the wheels.
  • Such a bogie has the advantage of allowing the development of a central low corridor in the chassis of the body, allowing a stepless access to the entire tram.
  • the low center aisle passes between the longitudinal members of the bogie frame.
  • This bogie can not be easily mounted by pivot connection means under the body. Indeed, it would then be necessary to reduce the width of the central corridor so as to create spaces between said low central corridor and the longitudinal members, in order to allow movement of the bogie relative to the body. The corridor would then become so narrow that passengers could no longer be easily passed through.
  • the invention aims to provide a rail vehicle supported by bogies mounted by pivot connections to said vehicle, each bogie for arranging in the frame of the box a wide bottom aisle.
  • the tramway 10 partially represented on the figures 1 and 2 comprises a box 12 provided with a body frame 14, and for example two bogies 16, each connected to the body 12 and disposed under the frame 14.
  • the body 12 is elongated in a main direction also called longitudinal direction.
  • the transverse direction is the substantially horizontal direction which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It comprises an interior passenger space 18, bounded downwards by the frame 14, and seats 20 fixed to the frame 14.
  • the seats 20 are typically arranged in several rows extending perpendicularly to the main direction. The seats are oriented so that the passengers sitting on the seats look in the main direction.
  • the bogies 16 are able to support and guide the body 12 when the tramway moves along a path.
  • the front wheels 24 are coaxial, spaced transversely from one another, and are connected to the frame 22.
  • the rear wheels 26 are coaxial, spaced transversely from one another, and connected to the frame 22.
  • the front wheels 24 are spaced longitudinally from the rear wheels 26.
  • the front coupling means 29 comprise, for example, a front axle 36 linking the front wheels 24 in rotation with each other, a front reduction gearbox 38 and a front coupling 40 interposed between the front engine 28 and the front gearbox 38.
  • the gearbox 38 has an input rotatably connected to the motor shaft 28 via the coupling 40, and an output directly fixed to a front wheel 24.
  • the motor shaft 28 extends longitudinally, the coupling 40 typically comprising a longitudinally-oriented transmission shaft rotatably connected by gimbals with the motor shaft and with the inlet of the gearbox 38.
  • the rear coupling means 31 are of the same type as the front transmission means 29, and also comprise a rear axle 46 linking the two rear wheels 26 in rotation with each other, a rear reduction gear 48 and a rear coupling 50 interposed between the engine. rear 30 and the gearbox 48.
  • Each of the axles 36 and 46 is guided in rotation by two axle boxes 32, disposed immediately inside the wheels associated with the axle, and extending only over a fraction of the transverse length of the axle.
  • Each axle passes through the two axle boxes 32 and is guided in rotation inside them by bearings, for example ball bearings.
  • the frame 22 comprises two longitudinal longitudinal members 52 substantially parallel to each other, and at least two cross members 54 substantially parallel to each other, solidarisant the two longitudinal members to one another.
  • the longitudinal longitudinal members 52 and the axle boxes 32 are substantially arranged in the same plane parallel to the running plane.
  • Each spar extends longitudinally between two axle boxes 32 associated with the wheel front and rear wheel located on the same side of the bogie.
  • Each spar 52 has front and rear end portions, respectively 56 and 58, aligned with and stopping at a distance longitudinally from the two axle boxes 32. These front and rear end portions 56 and 58 are linked to the boxes. of axles 32 by the primary suspension devices 33.
  • the motors 28 and 30 are rigidly fixed to the frame 22 of the bogie.
  • the drive motor of the front wheels 28 is disposed on a right lateral side of the bogie.
  • the motor 28, the gearbox 38 and the coupling 40 are arranged towards the outside of the bogie relative to the front wheels 24 and rear 26 straight.
  • the motor 28 is substantially equidistant from the front and rear axles 36 and 46.
  • the front gearbox 38 is disposed in the transverse extension of the front axle 36.
  • the rear wheel drive motor 30, the rear gear 48 and the rear coupling 50 are arranged on a left side of the bogie towards the outside of the bogie relative to the left front and rear wheels.
  • the motor 30 is also equidistant from the front and rear axles 36 and 46.
  • the rear reduction gear 48 is placed in the extension of the rear axle 46.
  • the pivot connection means 34 between the bogie and the body comprise a bolster 60, a ring gear 62 interposed between the body frame 14 and the bolster 60, and secondary suspension members 64 of the bolster 60 on the frame of the bolster 60. 22.
  • the bolster 60 extends transversely, substantially equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. It comprises a lowered central portion 66 carrying the ring 62, two raised end portions 68 and two inclined arms 70 connecting the central portion 66.
  • the ring 62 forms a ball bearing and comprises for example an inner ring 72 fixed to the bolster 60 and an outer ring 74 fixed to the body frame and rotatable with respect to the inner ring.
  • the parts 68 of the bolster are located in line with the median portions 76 of the longitudinal members, and are connected to these longitudinal members by the secondary suspension members 64.
  • Each secondary suspension member 64 comprises two elastic rubber / metal sandwiches arranged in chevrons on either side of the corresponding plate 68. Sandwiches are of the type described in FR-1 536 401 .
  • Each sandwich 78 comprises a plurality of layers of an elastic material such as rubber parallel to each other, a plurality of intermediate metal plates interposed between the layers of elastic material and end metal plates disposed at the base and the top of the sandwich. The intermediate plates and the end plates are parallel to each other and are parallel to the rubber layers. Each layer of rubber is thus disposed between two metal plates and adheres to these plates.
  • the end plates are rigidly fixed one to the plate 68 and the other to the spar 52.
  • the front and rear brakes 35 are disc brakes.
  • the bogie includes a brake for each axle.
  • the front brake 35 is disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the left front wheel, in a position substantially symmetrical with that of the front gearbox 38. It comprises a disc 80 integral in rotation with the front axle 36 and at least one stirrup 82 mounted on the frame 22 and capable of pinching the disc 80.
  • the rear brake 35 is located towards the outside of the bogie relative to the rear right wheel 26, in the extension of the rear axle 46. It also includes a brake disc 80 integral with the rear axle 46 and a stirrup 82.
  • the bogie also comprises two vertical dampers 84 interposed between the median portions 76 of the longerons and the trays 68 of the bolster and two transverse dampers 85 interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the sleeper 60.
  • the bogie also comprises an anti-lock bar.
  • Roll 86 ( figure 2 ) substantially transverse connecting the two longitudinal members 52 to one another, and two vertical levers 87 connecting the anti-roll bar 86 to the two trays 68 of the bolster.
  • the anti-roll bar 86 is engaged in transverse bearings 88 fixed to the longitudinal members 52.
  • rigid bars 89 (visible on the figures 4 and 5 ) connect the mechanism 90 for controlling the brake calipers 82 to the bogie frame 22.
  • the primary suspension devices 33 located on both lateral sides of the bogie are so-called "low” devices.
  • the two rods 91 and 92 are placed in the same vertical plane, that is to say in the same plane perpendicular to the rolling plane of the bogie, the rod 91, located above the connecting rod 92, being called in the description that will follow the upper link, and the rod 92, the lower link.
  • the two connecting rods 91 and 92 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a longitudinal direction substantially corresponding to the direction of the longitudinal members of the frame 22. They are thus perpendicular to the axles 36 and 46.
  • the connecting rods 91 and 92 have between their first and second respective connection points substantially the same longitudinal length.
  • the two connecting rods 91 and 92 are offset longitudinally with respect to each other when the primary suspension device is at rest and also when under load. So, as shown in figure 12 , the upper link 91 is shifted to the right of the figure 12 , that is to say towards the spar 52 with respect to the lower link 92. In such a way as to distribute the load between the two links 91 and 92, the second connection points 98 and 100 of the upper and lower links 91 and 92 are offset longitudinally symmetrically on either side of the axis of the axle 36 or 46. Thus, the connection point 98 of the upper link is offset relative to the transverse central axis of the axle a distance d to the spar 52.
  • connection point 100 of the lower link 92 is offset relative to the central axis of the axle of the same distance d in the longitudinal direction, opposite the spar 52.
  • the primary suspension device 33 is said to be "low” because, at rest or under load, the connecting rods 91 and 92 are entirely located at a lower vertical level than the top 104 of the axle box 32.
  • the top 104 of the box axle is the point of this envelope located highest relative to the rolling plane of the bogie. This point 104 moves in the vertical direction with the axle box 32 according to the position of the connecting rods 91 and 92.
  • the elastic member 102 is a rubber-metal sandwich of the type described in the patent application FR-1 536 401 .
  • the elastic member 102 comprises a plurality of rubber layers 106 parallel to each other, one or more metal plates 108 interposed between the rubber layers 106, and end metal plates 110 disposed at the base and the top of the sandwich. .
  • the plates 108 and 110 are parallel to each other and are parallel to the rubber layers 106.
  • Each rubber layer 106 is thus disposed between two metal plates 108 and / or 110 and adheres to these plates.
  • the compression axis of such an elastic member is perpendicular to the plates 108 and 110 and to the rubber layers 106.
  • Such a sandwich has a stiffness defined both in compression and in shear, that is to say respectively in response to a force exerted in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the plates 108, 110 and layers 106, and parallel to the plane of these plates and layers.
  • the upper and lower connecting rods 91 and 92 each comprise a lateral extension respectively 112 and 114, defining bearing surfaces facing each other respectively 116 and 118, for the elastic member 102.
  • the elastic member 102 is between the surfaces 116 and 118. These surfaces 116 and 118 are parallel to each other, the end plates 110 being pressed onto the bearing surfaces and rigidly fixed thereto.
  • the bearing surfaces 116 and 118 are oriented such that the axis of compression of the elastic member 102 forms, in the reference position, an angel ⁇ between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the axis passing through the first connection points 94 and 96 of the two connecting rods.
  • the angle ⁇ is between 20 ° and 50 °, and is typically 30 °.
  • the two connecting rods 91 and 92 are connected to the axle box 32 of the bogie by their respective second connection points 98 and 100 via cylindrical elastic joints.
  • the two connecting rods are connected to the spar 52 at their respective first connection points 94 and 96 also by cylindrical elastic joints.
  • the rods 91 and 92 comprise at each of the connection points 94, 96, 98 and 100 a cross-axis end 120 engaged in a cylindrical orifice 122 provided, as the case may be, either in the axle box 32 or in the spar 52 (see figure 13 ).
  • An elastic sleeve 124 for example made of natural or synthetic rubber, of cylindrical shape, is interposed between the end of axis 120 and the peripheral wall of the orifice 122.
  • the end of axis 120, the orifice 122 and the sleeve 124 are coaxial, of transverse axis.
  • the sleeve 124 adheres by an inner face to the end of axis 120 and by an outer face to the peripheral wall of the orifice 122.
  • Each primary suspension device 33 is located, at rest as well as under load, entirely under a level above the running surface of the bogie of between 200 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 250 mm and 350 mm and being typically 300 mm. for wheels having their diameters to nine of 590 mm.
  • connection points 94, 96, 98 and 100 constitutes a deformable parallelogram.
  • the connecting rods 91 and 92 each take up a fraction of the effort F at their second respective connection points 98 and 100, because these first connection points are placed symmetrically with respect to the axle.
  • the distribution of the force F between the two connecting rods 91 and 92 is a function of the position of the elastic block between the points 94 and 96.
  • the connecting rods 91 and 92 pivot upwards with respect to the spar 52 around the first connection points 94 and 96, that is to say in a clockwise direction on the figure 12 .
  • the bearing surfaces 116 and 118 tend to get closer.
  • the pivoting of the connecting rods 91 and 92 leads to exert on the elastic member 102 both a compressive force and a shear force.
  • the elastic member works in pure compression.
  • the elastic member works in pure shear.
  • the connecting rods 91 and 92 pivot with respect to the axle box 32 around the second connection points 98 and 100, which move vertically upwards like the figure 12 represents it in phantom.
  • the axle box 32 and its top 104 also undergo a vertical upward movement, but which is not represented on the figure 12 .
  • the connecting rods 91 and 92 rotate clockwise on the figure 12 relative to the axle box 32 and remain at a level below the top 104 of the axle box, which has moved upwards.
  • the pivoting of the connecting rods 91 and 92 causes torsion, for each connecting rod, elastic sleeves 124 of the first point of connection and also the second point of connection.
  • each spar In order to allow the connecting rods 91 and 92 to be mounted on the frame, the front and rear end portions 56 and 58 of each spar are shaped as forks. Each of these end portions is divided into two flanges 125 arranged opposite each other ( figure 3 ). The flanges 125 are substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction. The connecting rods 91 and 92 are mounted by their respective connection points 94 and 96 between the flanges 125.
  • the body frame 14 has a first raised portion 126 to the right front and rear right wheels, a second raised portion 128 to the right of the left front and rear wheels, and a lower portion 130 between the first and second raised portions 126 and 128
  • the raised portions 126 and 128 extend, parallel to the main direction, along the entire length of the bogie. Perpendicular to the main direction, the portion 126 has a width sufficient to cover the front engine 28, the front gearbox 38, the front coupling 40, the rear brake 35, the front wheels 24 and rear 26 straight.
  • the raised portion 126 also covers a large portion of the right spar 52.
  • the raised portion 128 has the same width as the portion 126 and, symmetrically, covers the rear engine 30, the rear gear 48, the rear coupling 50, the front brake 35, the front wheels 24 and rear 26 left and much of the left spar 52.
  • the lower part 130 forms a circulation corridor inside the box, this corridor being substantially parallel to the main direction.
  • Corridor 130 considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction, extends in the middle of the box, that is to say halfway between the two side walls of the box.
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 131 of the traffic corridor is situated at a level of substantially 480 mm with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie, considering that the wheels of the bogie have a diameter of nine to 590 mm.
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor 130 is located at a level of substantially 520 mm.
  • the chassis, the axles, the axle boxes, the primary suspension members, the bolster and the secondary suspension members are all entirely located at a level lower than that of the floor 132. This result is obtained thanks to the use of low primary suspension devices as described above.
  • the corridor 130 has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of about 800 mm.
  • the corridor has a width of between 600 mm and 800 mm, perpendicular to the main direction. It covers slightly the two longitudinal members 52. However, a significant separation is provided between the side walls 134 of the lower part 130 and the wheels 24 and 26, so as to allow the rotational movement of the bogie relative to the body.
  • each of the raised portions 126 and 128 includes, from front to back, areas of different levels. More specifically, each part comprises first a medium level zone 138, then a higher level zone 140 than the zone 138, then a lower level zone 142 than the zone 138, then a zone 144 of the same level as the zone 140 and finally a zone 146 of the same level as the zone 138.
  • the zone 142 extends in line with a plate 68 of the bolster and one of the engines. It is located at an intermediate level between that of the plate 68 and the top of the wheels 24 and 26.
  • zones 138, 140, 144 and 146 are all located at a level higher than that of the top of the wheels.
  • two seats 20 are attached side by side in each of the areas 138, 140, 144 and 146.
  • the seats zones 140 and 144 face each other, zone 142 allowing passengers sitting on these seats to put their feet.
  • the seats of zones 138 and 140 are arranged back to back, as are the seats of zones 144 and 146.
  • the ring 62 is fixed under the floor 132 of the corridor.
  • the face 148 of the floor 132 facing the ground present, considered perpendicular to the main direction, a profile substantially following that of the sleeper cross.
  • the figure 4 illustrates a first non-motorized variant embodiment of the bogie of Figures 1 to 3 . Only the differences with the bogie described above will be specified here. Identical elements, or performing the same function, will be designated by the same reference numbers.
  • This bogie does not include the front and rear engines 28 and 30, nor the front and rear gearboxes 38 and 48, nor the couplings 40 and 50. It has, however, two additional brakes 35, arranged instead of the front and rear reducers 38 and 48. The bogie therefore has, for each axle, two brakes 35 disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels.
  • the level of the traffic corridor, its width, and the arrangement of the seats 20 to the bogie in the body are identical for this variant to what has been described above with reference to the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 3 .
  • the figures 5 and 6 illustrate a second variant of non-pivoting embodiment of the bogie Figures 1 to 3 . Only the differences compared to the bogie Figures 1 to 3 will be detailed here, the identical elements, or providing the same function, being designated by the same references.
  • the bogie 16 has no bolster 60 and a crown 62.
  • the connection means 34 between the bogie and the body instead comprise support plates 149 rigidly fixed to the body frame 14 and interposed between the secondary suspension members 64 and 14.
  • the bogie is thus non-pivoting, in the sense that its connection means to the body allow only a very limited pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the running surface, generally less than 2 °.
  • the side walls 134 of the circulation lane can be arranged much closer to the wheels than in the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 3 , corresponding to a swiveling bogie.
  • the lowered portion 130 of the body frame covers a large part of the longitudinal members 52, and has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of substantially one meter.
  • the floor 132 is again located at a level of 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, for wheels having their new diameter of 590 mm.
  • Each bogie 16 comprises a single engine 150 able to drive both the front wheels and rear wheels.
  • the forward gearbox 38 is coupled to the single motor shaft 150 through the front coupling 40, the rear gearbox 48 being coupled to the motor shaft 150 through the rear coupling 50.
  • the motor 150, the gearboxes 38 and 48 and the couplings 40 and 50 are arranged between, on the one hand, a median longitudinal plane P1 of the front wheels 24 and median of the rear wheels 26 and, on the other hand, a passing plane P2. by the front and rear wheels 24 and 26 (see figure 7 ).
  • the motor 150, the reducers 38 and 48 and the couplings 40 and 50 are all arranged on the right side of the bogie, towards the inside of the bogie with respect to the wheels.
  • the reducers 38 and 48 are respectively placed immediately inside the front wheels 24 and rear 26.
  • gear units 38 and 48 act as axle boxes and comprise means for respectively rotating the front and rear axles 36 and 46, such as ball bearings.
  • the output of the gearbox 38 is fixed directly to the right front wheel 24 or to the front axle 36.
  • the output of the rear gearbox 48 is fixed directly to the rear wheel 26 or to the rear axle 46.
  • Gearheads 38 and 48, couplings 40 and 50, and motor 150 are aligned longitudinally.
  • the motor 150 is placed longitudinally between the reducers 38 and 48, the couplings 40 and 50 being respectively interposed between the gearbox 38 and the motor 150 and between the rear gear 48 and the motor 150.
  • Couplings 40 and 50 each comprise a longitudinally oriented transmission shaft, rotatably connected by gimbals to the motor shaft 150 and to the inlet of the gearbox 38 or 48.
  • the motor 150 is equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. Furthermore, the positions of the front and rear gearheads 38 and 48 are symmetrical to each other with respect to a transverse plane P3, median of the front and rear wheels 24 and 26 As shown in figure 8 , the plane P3 is equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. Similarly, the positions of the couplings 40 and 50 are symmetrical to one another with respect to the plane P3.
  • the front and rear reducers 38 and 48 are different from each other and are chosen so as to drive the front and rear wheels in the same direction of rotation.
  • the bogie 16 is asymmetrical, the right spar 52 being different from the left spar 52, and the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the right wheels being different from the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the left wheels.
  • the right spar 52 has a low central portion 152 extending along the engine 150, and two raised end portions 154 and 156.
  • the left spar 52, the cross members 54 and the lower portion 152 of the right spar are arranged in the same plane substantially parallel to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  • the portion 152 is disposed outwardly of the bogie relative to the engine 150. It extends longitudinally from a cross member 54 to the other.
  • the motor 150 is rigidly attached to the portion 152. Its drive shaft is located at the axis of the axles 36 and 46, at an intermediate level between the portion 152 and the end portions 154 and 156.
  • the raised end portions 154 and 156 of the right spar extend longitudinally, respectively above the front gearbox 38 and the rear gearbox 48.
  • the portions 154 and 156 are rigidly secured to the central portion 152 by feet 158.
  • the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the front and rear right wheels each comprise two primary suspension members 160 of the rubber / metal sandwich type ( figures 8 and 9 ). Such sandwiches are described in FR-1 536 401 .
  • Each member comprises a plurality of layers of an elastic material such as rubber, and a plurality of metal plates interposed between the layers of elastic material and adherent to these layers.
  • Each of the members 160 is shaped in chevrons.
  • the members 160 of the primary suspension device associated with the right rear wheel are interposed between the rear raised portion 156 of the right spar and the rear reduction gear 48.
  • One of the members 160 is located at the front of the axle 46, and the other at the rear of the axle 46.
  • the members 160 are interposed between the raised portion before 154 of the right spar and the front reduction gear 38.
  • One of the primary suspension members is located at the front of the axle 36 and the other at the rear of the axle 36.
  • the left spar 52 of the chassis is similar to the longitudinal members of the frame of the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the left front and rear wheels are low devices identical to the primary suspension devices of the first embodiment of the invention. They are interposed between the end portions 56 and 58 of the left spar and the axle boxes 32 of the left wheels, as previously described.
  • Each lower device 33 is located at rest entirely below a level above the running surface of the bogie of between 200 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 250 mm and 350 mm, and typically equal to 300 mm, for wheels having their new diameters of 590 mm.
  • the bogie typically comprises four secondary suspension members 162 each comprising a helical spring interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the body frame 14.
  • the four secondary suspension members 162 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane P1 and relative to each other. on plane P3.
  • Two members 162 are placed on the right side of the bogie towards the outside of the bogie relative to the right wheels 24 and 26.
  • the two other coil springs are arranged on the left side of the bogie toward the outside of this bogie with respect to the left wheels. and 26.
  • Secondary suspension members 162 are located longitudinally between the front wheels 24 and the rear wheels 26. They have substantially the same vertical space substantially as the engine 150 and are located at the same level as the latter with respect to the running surface (see figure 7 ).
  • the front and rear brakes 35 are disc brakes of the same type as those described with respect to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • These brakes are arranged on the left side of the bogie, towards the outside of the bogie relative to the left front and rear wheels 24 and 26. They are arranged in the transverse extension of the front and rear axles 36 and 46.
  • the bogie comprises a transverse damper 164 and two vertical dampers 166, all interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the body frame 14. It also comprises a rigid longitudinal rod 168 capable of transmitting the forces between the bogie frame and the chassis of the truck. checkout. Furthermore, the mechanism 90 for actuating the brake calipers is connected to the bogie frame via the connecting rods 174.
  • the raised right portion 126 of the body frame covers the secondary suspension members 162, the front and rear straight wheels, the engine 150, the front and rear gearboxes 38 and 48 and the front and rear couplings 40 and 50.
  • the left elevated portion 128 covers only the secondary suspension members 162, the left front and rear wheels and the front and rear brakes 35.
  • the first raised portion 126 is relatively wider than the second raised portion 128.
  • the circulation corridor 130 is thereby shifted transversely to the left elevated portion 128 relative to the median plane P4 of the body 12 and extending parallel to the main direction.
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor is situated at a level of about 480 mm with respect to the rolling surface of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 590 mm.
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor is located at a level of about 520mm with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 640 mm.
  • the circulation corridor 130 extends substantially, considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction of the body, from the gearboxes 38 and 48 to the left wheels. It has a width of about 800mm.
  • each of the raised parts of the body frame comprises zones 138 to 146 of different levels, to arrange sixteen seats to the right of the bogie.
  • the figure 10 illustrates a pivotal variant embodiment of the bogie Figures 7 to 9 . Only the differences with the bogie Figures 7 to 9 will be specified here. Identical elements, or performing the same function, will be designated by the same reference numbers.
  • the bogie 16 comprises pivot connection means 176 capable of binding the bogie to the body 12.
  • the means 176 comprise a transverse dancer cross member 178 and a pivot 180 interposed between the cross member 178 and the body frame 14.
  • the pivot 180 has a axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  • the cross member 178 has a lullaby shape similar to that of the cross member 60 of the first embodiment.
  • the raised end portions 182 of the bolster are shaped as a tray.
  • the secondary suspension members 162 are interposed between the plates 182 and the frame 22.
  • the pivot 180 is connected to the lower central portion 184 of the bolster.
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the corridor 130 is located at a level of about 480 mm above the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 590 mm
  • the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the corridor 130 is located at a level of about 520 mm above the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 640 mm
  • the corridor 130 has a width of only about 660 mm, perpendicular to the main direction of the body, so as to leave between the side walls 134 of the corridor and the bogie organs a free space allowing the rotational movement of the bogie relative to the box.
  • the bogies described above have multiple advantages.
  • a low primary suspension makes it possible to arrange a low, particularly wide traffic corridor in the body frame. when the bogie is mounted by pivot connection means under the body. It makes it possible to build an upper zone 132a of the floor 132 disposed above a bogie 16, at a height at least 100 mm below the maximum height of the wheels relative to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  • the high floor zone 132a of the floor 132 is disposed at a height between 100mm and 120mm below the height of the top of the wheels relative to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  • the maximum height of the wheels or the height of the top of the wheels being the value of the diameter of the wheels.
  • the front and rear couplings are arranged longitudinally between the motors and gearboxes. The transverse size of the transmissions from the engine to the wheels is reduced.
  • the output shafts of the motors are longitudinal, which reduces gear gearboxes compared to the case where the motors have transverse output shafts.
  • the primary suspensions are placed inside the bogie relative to the wheels, it is possible to lower the side walls of the body substantially to the axis of the wheels, or lower, while giving them a curved. As shown by figures 1 and 7 , the walls are not flat but, on the contrary, are slightly curved towards the outside of the box. Furthermore, this provision of the primary suspensions facilitates access to the wheels and brake discs, for maintenance or replacement.
  • the fact that the motors and gearboxes are placed towards the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels, and the fact that the frame and the axle boxes are arranged in the same plane substantially parallel to the running surface of the bogie, further facilitate the development of a low and wide circulation corridor in the body frame.
  • the fact that the motors are placed towards the outside of the bogie, vertically at the level of the bogie frame, and the fact that the secondary suspensions are placed inside the bogie with respect to the wheels, at the same level as the engines, allows to create in the body frame two low side zones between the front and rear wheels of the bogie. It becomes possible to have sixteen seats in the box above each bogie. Indeed, two seats can be arranged at the front of each low area, and two others at the rear of said low area, vis-à-vis the front seats. The low areas are used to house the legs of passengers sitting on the four seats vis-à-vis.
  • the second embodiment of the invention also has multiple advantages.
  • the drive motor of the bogie can advantageously be aligned longitudinally between the two reducers.
  • the or each motor and the gear units have substantially the same dimensions transversely, so that there remains a large free space between the engine and the gearboxes, on the one hand, and the wheels on the opposite side of the bogie, on the other hand on the other hand, to let through the cash circulation corridor.
  • the traffic corridor is offset from the median plane of the body and parallel to the main direction of the body.
  • the brakes and the secondary suspension springs of the bogie are placed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels, so as not to impede the passage of the traffic corridor of the box.
  • the architecture of the truck makes it possible to mount this bogie on the body either pivoting about a pivot substantially perpendicular to the running surface of the vehicle, or non-pivoting, that is to say with an angular displacement of less than or equal to 2 ° compared to the cashier.
  • the bogies described above can have multiple variants.
  • the bogie can be a bogie carrier, that is to say without engine.
  • the bogie can be pivotable or non-pivoting, the width of the traffic corridor in the chassis frame above the bogie can be increased in the latter case.
  • the front and rear axles can be of the coupled type, as described in EP-0 911 239 or of the decoupled type, as described in the patent application bearing the deposit number FR 06 00834 . In both cases, it is possible to lower the height of the traffic corridor below 480 mm for wheels with a new diameter of 590 mm.
  • the secondary suspension members may be of any type, and include rubber / steel herringbone sandwiches or helical springs.
  • the bogie may comprise two or four secondary suspension members
  • the brakes are not necessarily disc brakes, but can be of any type, for example drum brakes.
  • the bolster can be connected to the body frame by a ring, a pivot or a similar member.
  • the bogie may be equipped with lower primary suspensions only one side, right or left.
  • the two reducers are arranged on the same side of the bogie, towards the outside of the bogie relative to the trains, the engine being coupled to the two reducers.
  • the bogie may comprise two motors, each driving the two wheels associated with the same axle.
  • the two motors are aligned longitudinally between the gear units.
  • a rail vehicle 10 comprising a main car 201 and a secondary car 202.
  • the boxes 12a of the main car 201 and the secondary car 202 are connected by means of a hinge device not shown. Two adjacent crates are separated by a gangway zone 203.
  • the main cars 201 and 202 of the vehicle are end cars of the vehicle, they include end boxes 12a which delimit a portion of a passenger space 18 and which are provided with a driving cabin 204.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a passenger space 18 extending the entire length of the vehicle between the end cabins.
  • the vehicle represented is a tramway.
  • the rail vehicle is for example a tram-train, that is to say a peri-urban rail vehicle which is adapted to run on tramway and regional railroad tracks.
  • the gangway 203 delimits a portion of the passenger space 18.
  • the body 12a of the main car 201 is connected to two bogies 16, including an end bogie 16a and an intermediate bogie 16b.
  • the body 12a of the secondary car 202 is connected to a single end bogie 16a.
  • An end bogie 16a is a bogie of the vehicle near one end of the vehicle.
  • An intermediate bogie 16b is separated by at least one end bogie 16a from each of the two ends of the vehicle 10.
  • Each of the bogies 16a, 16b of the tramway 10 comprises unrepresented pivot connection means, able to link the bogie 16a, 16b to the box 12 below which it is arranged.
  • Each of the bogies 16a, 16b is a bogie according to any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 and 10 .
  • the pivot connection means are for example of the type comprising a ring 62 and a bolster 60 or of the type comprising a pivot 180 and a bolster 178 as explained with reference to the Figures 1 to 4 and 10 .
  • Such a vehicle 10, equipped with bogies 16a, 16b pivoting, has the advantage of easily inserting curves.
  • Each of the end bogies 16a is disposed below a traveler space 18. In this manner, an opening 205 is installed between each end bogie 16a and the adjacent cab 204.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of allowing easy access to travelers in the vehicle from the end of the vehicle.
  • At least one opening 205 is installed in each space formed between two adjacent bogies 16.
  • the tramway 10 includes a main car 201 and two secondary cars 202. Two adjacent cars are connected to each other by means of a hinge device not shown and separated by a gangway area 203.
  • the main car 201 is an end car comprising an end box 12a.
  • One of the secondary cars 202 is an end car comprising an end box 12a, and the other secondary car 202 is an intermediate car which comprises an intermediate box 12b delimiting a passenger compartment and without a driver's cab 204.
  • the openings 205 end of the vehicle are formed in the side walls of each cabin 204.
  • An opening 205 is formed in each cabin.
  • the tram comprises a main car 201 and more than two secondary cars 202.
  • each end bogie 16a of the vehicle 10 is disposed in the footprint of the driver's cab 204.
  • each of the end bogies 16a of the tramway 10 is disposed partly below the driver's cab 204 and partly below a portion of the passenger space 18 of the end box 12a under which it is arranged .
  • each end bogie is arranged under a cabin 204 and the rear wheels 26 are arranged under the passenger compartment 18.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of guaranteeing a good insertion into curves of the vehicle, each end bogie 16b being disposed near the end of the vehicle 10.
  • FIG 17 a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown.
  • This embodiment has the advantage of ensuring a good distribution of the mass of the vehicle on the axles of the bogies 16a, 16b.
  • the end bogies 16a are arranged at the right portions of the passenger space 18 extending in the end cars 202 end.
  • FIG 18 there is shown a top view of the interior of the tramway 10 of the figure 17 equipped with bogies 16a, 16b according to the first embodiment illustrated by the Figures 1 to 4 .
  • the body comprises above each of the bogies 16a, 16b, two raised zones 126 and 128, a lower portion 130 between the two raised zones 126 and 128, as also shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • Seats 20 are disposed in each of the upper zones 126 and 128, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the lower part 130 forms a circulation corridor inside the boxes 12a, 12b, this corridor being substantially parallel to the main direction, namely the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
  • the lower part 130 comprises a floor 132 which will be described more precisely later.
  • the vehicle 10 comprises a traffic corridor 230 of the vehicle extending over the entire length of the passenger compartment 18.
  • the floor 232 of the circulation corridor 230 comprises floor zones 132 arranged at the right of the bogies 16a, 16b and one of which is shown in FIG. figure 19 .
  • the floor 232 also includes intermediate floor zones 233 located outside the zones of boxes 12a, 12b arranged in line with the bogies 16a, 16b.
  • the floor 132 of the corridor 130 arranged at the right of the intermediate bogie 16b, comprises a high area 132a flat, extending longitudinally between two edges B1 and B2. Each of the edges B1 and B2 extends substantially horizontally in the transverse direction of the tramway 10.
  • the vehicle 10 has wheels 24, 26, new with a diameter of 590 mm. Therefore, the portion 132a extends to a height of about 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the truck 16 when the wheel is new.
  • the high area 132a plane extending to a height of about 520 mm, with respect to the running surface of the truck 16 when the wheel is new.
  • each of the bogies 16 of the tram includes low primary suspensions 33 as described above.
  • the corridor 230 has a width of between 600 and 800 mm.
  • Each of the two edges B1 and B2 is disposed within the space formed, right of the bogie 16b, by the front axles 36 and rear 46 of the truck 16b.
  • the position of the axles 36, 46 is shown in dotted lines on the figure 19 .
  • the floor 132 of the corridor 130 also comprises two end zones 132b 'and 132b "each extending between one edge edges B1, B2 and one end of the bogie 16b represented by the M and N planes.
  • the two end zones 132b 'and 132b "abut the high zone 132a and extend on either side of the upper zone in the longitudinal direction.
  • Each of the end zones 132b 'and 132b "forms a downwardly sloping longitudinal ramp from the high zone 132a to an intermediate floor zone 233.
  • Each of the end zones 132b 'and 132b is part of a longitudinal ramp 240' and 240" continuous, that is to say without discontinuity of slope.
  • the ramps 240 'and 240 "respectively comprise the end zones 132b' and 132b" and each extend continuously, in the longitudinal direction, outside the floor 132. These ramps are therefore formed at the times of end floor areas 132b 'and 132b "and portions of intermediate floor 233.
  • Ramps 240 'and 240 “have longitudinal slopes of less than 8% Each ramp 240' and 240" is adapted to connect a high zone 132a to a low floor area 241 of intermediate floor 233.
  • the low slope of ramps 240 ' and 240 "allows travelers, including passengers with reduced mobility, to travel freely along the entire length of the vehicle.
  • the low floor areas 241 are zones in which the floor is disposed at a maximum height is 370 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, when the vehicle comprises wheels 24, 26 with a new diameter of 590 mm. .
  • the low floor zones 241 are zones in which the floor is disposed at a maximum height is 405 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, when the vehicle comprises wheels 24, 26 with a new diameter of 640 mm. .
  • a low floor zone 241 on either side of the bogie 16b, extending in a gangway 203 and beyond the gangway and a low floor area 241 extending behind two side doors 205 facing each other
  • the low floor area 241 extending into the gangway is planar.
  • the low floor area 241 extending between the two side doors 205 facing each other comprises a flat low area 242 and two low ramp areas 243.
  • a low ramp zone 243 is a transverse ramp extending between the low plane zone 242 and the threshold of an access door 205. These ramps are represented in transverse hatched lines on the figure 19 .
  • transverse ramps have descending transverse slopes of less than 8%, from the low plane zone 242 to the thresholds of the doors 205.
  • the access threshold of a door 205 is located at a height of at most 335 mm for a vehicle supported by bogies 16a, 16b having wheels with a new diameter of 590 mm.
  • the access threshold of a door 205 is located at a height of at most 370 mm for a bogie for a vehicle supported by bogies 16a, 16b having wheels with a new diameter of 640 mm.
  • a low floor area 241 disposed in such a portion of the vehicle 10 is preferably flat and extends over the entire length separating the two portions of side walls facing each other.
  • the floor zone 132 comprises an upper zone 132a and an end zone 132b 'forming a ramp capable of connecting the high zone 132a to a low floor zone 241 of the traveling space 18.
  • the floor zone 132 also comprises an end zone 132b "forming a ramp capable of connecting the high zone 132a to the wall separating the cabin from the passenger space 18.
  • the end zone 132b "is flat.
  • the floor 130 has a smaller width and the high area 132a is arranged at a greater height relative to the rolling plane of the bogie, as explained above.
  • a vehicle 10 equipped with bogies 16a, 16b according to one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 has the advantage of being able to present a variable number of motorized bogies, depending on the dynamic performance desired by the customer and without changing the internal structure of the vehicle and more particularly, without changing the widths and heights of the corridors 130 disposed above the bogies.
  • the motorized bogies 16a and 16b make it possible to build above such a bogie a floor of the same width and height as those which can be fitted over a non-motorized bogie of the same structure as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the trams 10 represented on the Figures 15 to 17 are low-floor trams 10 when supported by bogies 16a, 16b, according to one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 and 10 .
  • Low floor vehicle means a vehicle whose floor does not include steps and includes ramps of less than 8%. Such a floor allows travelers to easily enter the vehicle and move easily along the entire length of the passenger area.
  • the floor of the vehicle comprises at least one high zone 132a disposed above at least one bogie 16a, 16b, the upper zone 132a being disposed at a level 70 mm to 120 mm below that of the top of the wheels 24, 26 of the bogie relative to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  • a high zone 132a has a width of between 600 and 800 mm, whether the bogies are motorized or not.
  • the height of the top of the wheels of the bogie relative to the rolling plane of the bogie is equal to the diameter of said wheels.
  • the use of the bogies according to the embodiments represented on the Figures 1 to 4 and 10 has the advantage of allowing the installation of bogies with wheels of normal size, that is to say having a new diameter of between 590 and 640 mm while maintaining a low floor.
  • the flat floor areas are connected by longitudinal ramps whose slopes are less than 8%.

Abstract

A railway vehicle including a plurality of bogies is provided. Each bogie includes a chassis, two front wheels and two rear wheels. For each front wheel and each rear wheel, a guidance device is provided for guiding the wheel in rotation and a primary suspension device of the chassis is provided on the guidance device. At least the primary suspension devices associated with the front and rear wheels are arranged on the same first lateral side of the bogie. The primary suspension devices each include two longitudinal connecting rods, each connected by a first connection point to the chassis and by a second connection point to the corresponding guidance device and at least one resilient component inserted between the two connecting rods to define at least the vertical stiffness of the primary suspension device, the two connecting rods being offset longitudinally relative to one another. Each of the bogies also includes a pivot connection device for connecting the bogie to the railway vehicle.

Description

L'invention concerne en général les véhicules ferroviaires, notamment les tramways.The invention generally relates to rail vehicles, including trams.

Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un véhicule supporté par des bogies montés par des liaisons pivot audit véhicule et permettant d'aménager dans le véhicule des couloirs bas larges. Un tel véhicule est décrit dans la demande de brevet CZ 2000 - 46 91 .More specifically, the invention relates to a vehicle supported by bogies mounted by pivot connections to said vehicle and for arranging in the vehicle wide bottom lanes. Such a vehicle is described in the patent application CZ 2000 - 46 91 .

Un but de l'invention est ainsi de proposer une variante au véhicule décrit dans le document CZ 200-4691 . Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un véhicule ferroviaire supporté par des bogies, chaque bogie étant du type comprenant :

  • un châssis ;
  • deux roues avant et deux roues arrière ;
  • pour chaque roue avant et pour chaque roue arrière, un organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue et un dispositif de suspension primaire du châssis sur ledit organe de guidage.
An object of the invention is thus to propose an alternative to the vehicle described in the document CZ 200-4691 . More specifically, the invention relates to a railway vehicle supported by bogies, each bogie being of the type comprising:
  • a chassis ;
  • two front wheels and two rear wheels;
  • for each front wheel and for each rear wheel, a rotational guiding member of said wheel and a primary suspension device of the frame on said guide member.

Un tel bogie est connu du document WO-00/64721 qui décrit un tramway comportant une caisse et au moins un bogie motorisé de ce type. Les longerons du châssis de bogie sont placés immédiatement à l'intérieur des roues, les moteurs d'entraînement des roues étant placés à l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues.Such a bogie is known from the document WO-00/64721 which describes a trolley including a body and at least one motorized bogie of this type. The longitudinal members of the bogie frame are placed immediately inside the wheels, the drive motors of the wheels being placed outside the bogie with respect to the wheels.

Un tel bogie présente l'avantage de permettre l'aménagement d'un couloir central bas dans le châssis de la caisse, permettant un accès sans marche à tout le tramway. Le couloir central bas passe entre les longerons du châssis de bogie.Such a bogie has the advantage of allowing the development of a central low corridor in the chassis of the body, allowing a stepless access to the entire tram. The low center aisle passes between the longitudinal members of the bogie frame.

Ce bogie ne peut pas être facilement monté par des moyens de liaison pivot sous la caisse. En effet, il serait alors nécessaire de réduire la largeur du couloir central de manière à créer des espaces entre ledit couloir central bas et les longerons, en vue de permettre le débattement du bogie par rapport à la caisse. Le couloir deviendrait alors tellement étroit qu'il ne serait plus possible d'y faire passer aisément les passagers.This bogie can not be easily mounted by pivot connection means under the body. Indeed, it would then be necessary to reduce the width of the central corridor so as to create spaces between said low central corridor and the longitudinal members, in order to allow movement of the bogie relative to the body. The corridor would then become so narrow that passengers could no longer be easily passed through.

Dans ce contexte, l'invention vise à proposer un véhicule ferroviaire supporté par des bogies montés par des liaisons pivot audit véhicule, chaque bogie permettant d'aménager dans le châssis de la caisse un couloir bas large.In this context, the invention aims to provide a rail vehicle supported by bogies mounted by pivot connections to said vehicle, each bogie for arranging in the frame of the box a wide bottom aisle.

A cette fin, l'invention porte sur un véhicule ferroviaire comprenant une pluralité de bogies, chaque bogie comprenant :

  • un châssis ;
  • deux roues avant et deux roues arrière ;
  • pour chaque roue avant et chaque roue arrière, un organe de guidage en rotation de ladite roue et un dispositif de suspension primaire du châssis sur ledit organe de guidage ; au moins les dispositifs de suspension primaires associés aux roues avant et arrière disposées d'un même premier côté latéral du bogie comprennent chacun :
  • deux bielles longitudinales, chacune liée par un premier point de liaison au châssis, et par un second point de liaison à l'organe de guidage correspondant,
  • au moins un organe élastique interposé entre les deux bielles en vue de définir au moins la raideur verticale du dispositif de suspension primaire,
les deux bielles étant décalées longitudinalement l'une par rapport à l'autre, chacun des bogies comprend des moyens de liaison pivot aptes à relier le bogie audit véhicule ferroviaire.To this end, the invention relates to a railway vehicle comprising a plurality of bogies, each bogie comprising:
  • a chassis ;
  • two front wheels and two rear wheels;
  • for each front wheel and each rear wheel, a rotational guiding member of said wheel and a primary suspension device of the frame on said guide member; at least the primary suspension devices associated with the front and rear wheels arranged on the same first lateral side of the bogie each comprise:
  • two longitudinal links, each linked by a first connection point to the frame, and by a second point of connection to the corresponding guide member,
  • at least one elastic member interposed between the two connecting rods in order to define at least the vertical stiffness of the primary suspension device,
the two rods being offset longitudinally relative to each other, each of the bogies comprises pivot connection means adapted to connect the bogie to said railway vehicle.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, le véhicule ferroviaire comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • les deux bielles de chacun desdits dispositifs de suspension primaire de chaque bogie, sont disposées à un niveau vertical inférieur au sommet de l'organe de guidage correspondant,
  • chaque dispositif de suspension primaire de chaque bogie est disposé vers l'intérieur du bogie par rapport à la roue associée,
  • il comprend au moins un bogie motorisé,
  • le au moins un bogie motorisé comprend au moins un moteur et un dispositif apte à accoupler en rotation au moins une roue du bogie au moteur, le ou chaque moteur et le dispositif d'accouplement étant disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues,
  • le au moins un bogie motorisé comprend deux moteurs et deux dispositifs aptes chacun à accoupler en rotation une paire de roues du bogie à un moteur, l'un des deux moteurs et l'un des deux dispositifs d'accouplement étant disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues situées du premier côté latéral du bogie, l'autre des deux moteurs et l'autre des deux dispositifs d'accouplement étant disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues situées à l'opposé du premier côté latéral du bogie,
  • un des deux moteurs du au moins un bogie motorisé est accouplé aux deux roues avant et l'autre des deux moteurs est accouplé aux deux roues arrière,
  • le au moins un bogie motorisé comprend au moins un moteur, des moyens d'accouplement des roues avant au ou à un moteur, et des moyens d'accouplement des roues arrière au ou à un moteur, le ou chaque moteur et les moyens d'accouplement avant et arrière étant disposés entre, d'une part, un plan longitudinal médian des deux roues avant et médian des deux roues arrière et, d'autre part, un plan longitudinal passant par la roue avant et la roue arrière situées du second côté latéral du bogie,
  • le au moins un bogie les moyens d'accouplement avant et arrière du au moins un bogie motorisé sont disposés dans des positions symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport à un plan transversal médian des roues avant et arrière,
  • le au moins un bogie motorisé comprend un seul moteur d'entraînement aligné longitudinalement entre les moyens d'accouplement avant et arrière,
  • ledit véhicule comprend une suite de voitures comprenant chacune une caisse, chaque caisse étant liée à au moins un bogie,
  • il comprend une voiture principale dont la caisse est liée à deux bogies et au moins une voiture secondaire dont la caisse est liée à un bogie,
  • la voiture principale est une voiture d'extrémité du véhicule comprenant une caisse d'extrémité délimitant une portion d'un espace voyageurs et étant munie d'une cabine de conduite,
  • la voiture principale est une voiture intermédiaire du véhicule comprenant une caisse intermédiaire délimitant une portion d'un espace voyageurs,
  • il comprend deux bogies d'extrémité, et en ce qu'au moins une partie de chacun des deux bogies d'extrémité est disposée dans l'emprise au sol d'une cabine de conduite,
  • ledit véhicule délimite un espace voyageur et comprend un plancher dépourvu de marches, ledit plancher s'étendant sur toute la longueur dudit espace voyageurs et comprenant des rampes dont les pentes sont inférieures à 8%,
  • ledit plancher comporte au droit d'au moins un bogie, un couloir de circulation s'étendant sur toute la longueur dudit bogie et dont la largeur est comprise entre 600 mm et 800mm, le couloir de circulation étant formé entre une première partie surélevée au droit des roues avant et arrière droites et une seconde partie surélevée au droit des roues avant et arrière gauches, les parties surélevées et s'étendant parallèlement à la direction principale sur toute la longueur du bogie, le couloir de circulation comprenant un plancher comprenant une zone haute plane, ladite zone haute étant disposée à une hauteur comprise entre 70 mm et 120 mm en dessous de la hauteur du sommet des roues par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie,
  • ladite zone haute s'étendant à l'intérieur de l'espace formé au droit du bogie, par les essieux avant et arrière du bogie,
  • le plancher du couloir agencé au dessus dudit au moins un bogie comprend au moins une zone d'extrémité jouxtant la zone haute, la zone d'extrémité formant une rampe descendante d'une pente inférieure à 8% dans la direction principale, ladite rampe d'extrémité étant comprise dans une rampe longitudinale continue adaptée pour relier la zone haute à une zone de plancher bas du plancher intermédiaire,
  • les zones de plancher bas ont une hauteur maximale comprise entre 400 mm et 480 mm, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, pour des roues d'un diamètre de 590 mm à neuf et ont une hauteur maximale comprise entre 440 mm et 520 mm, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, pour des roues d'un diamètre de 640 mm à neuf
  • il comprend au moins un bogie comprenant une première zone d'extrémité et une seconde zone d'extrémité disposées de part et d'autre de la zone haute dans la direction longitudinale,
  • tous les bogies intermédiaires du véhicule et/ou tout les bogies d'extrémité du véhicule étant disposés au droit d'une zone voyageur et entre deux portions d'une zone voyageurs comprennent une première zone d'extrémité et une seconde zone d'extrémité disposées de part et d'autre de la zone haute dans la direction longitudinale.
According to particular embodiments, the railway vehicle comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
  • the two connecting rods of each of said primary suspension devices of each bogie are arranged at a lower vertical level at the top of the corresponding guide member,
  • each primary suspension device of each bogie is disposed towards the inside of the bogie with respect to the associated wheel,
  • it includes at least one motorized bogie,
  • the at least one motorized bogie comprises at least one motor and a device capable of coupling in rotation at least one wheel of the bogie to the engine, the or each motor and the coupling device being arranged towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels ,
  • the at least one motorized bogie comprises two motors and two devices each capable of coupling in rotation a pair of wheels of the bogie to a motor, one of the two motors and one of the two coupling devices being arranged outwardly of the truck with respect to the wheels on the first lateral side of the bogie, the other of the two engines and the other of the two coupling devices being arranged towards the outside of the truck with respect to the wheels located opposite the first lateral side of the bogie,
  • one of the two engines of the at least one motorized bogie is coupled to the two front wheels and the other of the two engines is coupled to the two rear wheels,
  • the at least one motorized bogie comprises at least one motor, means for coupling the front wheels to the or to a motor, and means for coupling the rear wheels to or to a motor, the or each motor and the means for front and rear coupling being arranged between, on the one hand, a median longitudinal plane of the two front and median wheels of the two rear wheels and, on the other hand, a longitudinal plane passing through the front wheel and the rear wheel located on the second side side of the bogie,
  • the at least one bogie the front and rear coupling means of the at least one motorized bogie are arranged in positions symmetrical to one another with respect to a median transverse plane of the front and rear wheels,
  • the at least one motorized bogie comprises a single drive motor aligned longitudinally between the front and rear coupling means,
  • said vehicle comprises a series of cars each comprising a body, each body being connected to at least one bogie,
  • it includes a main car whose body is linked to two bogies and at least one secondary car whose body is linked to a bogie,
  • the main car is a car end of the vehicle comprising an end box delimiting a portion of a passenger space and being provided with a driving cabin,
  • the main car is an intermediate car of the vehicle comprising an intermediate body delimiting a portion of a passenger space,
  • it comprises two end bogies, and in that at least part of each of the two end bogies is disposed in the footprint of a driver's cab,
  • said vehicle defines a passenger space and comprises a floor devoid of steps, said floor extending over the entire length of said passenger space and comprising ramps whose slopes are less than 8%,
  • said floor has the right of at least one bogie, a traffic corridor extending over the entire length of said bogie and whose width is between 600 mm and 800 mm, the traffic corridor being formed between a first raised portion to the right of the front and rear wheels straight and a second raised portion to the right of the left front and rear wheels, the raised portions and extending parallel to the direction the entire length of the bogie, the traffic corridor comprising a floor comprising a high planar area, said high area being disposed at a height of between 70 mm and 120 mm below the height of the top of the wheels relative to the plane of truck rolling,
  • said high zone extending inside the space formed at the bogie's right, by the front and rear axles of the bogie,
  • the floor of the corridor arranged above said at least one bogie comprises at least one end zone adjoining the high zone, the end zone forming a descending ramp with a slope of less than 8% in the main direction, said ramp of end being included in a continuous longitudinal ramp adapted to connect the high zone to a low floor area of the intermediate floor,
  • the low floor areas have a maximum height of between 400 mm and 480 mm, with respect to the running surface of the bogie, for wheels with a diameter of 590 mm to nine and have a maximum height of between 440 mm and 520 mm , with respect to the truck running surface, for wheels with a diameter of 640 mm to nine
  • it comprises at least one bogie comprising a first end zone and a second end zone disposed on either side of the high zone in the longitudinal direction,
  • all the intermediate bogies of the vehicle and / or all the end bogies of the vehicle being arranged in the right of a passenger zone and between two portions of a passenger zone comprise a first end zone and a second end zone arranged on both sides of the upper zone in the longitudinal direction.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un bogie de tramway, motorisé, pivotant, conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la caisse du tramway étant également représentée, les éléments de la caisse et du bogie étant coupés selon différents plans pour plus de clarté ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe longitudinale du bogie et de la caisse de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du bogie de la figure 1, les réducteurs n'étant pas représentés pour plus de clarté ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 3, pour une variante non motorisée du bogie des figures 1 à 3 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 3, pour une variante non pivotante du bogie des figures 1 à 3 ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale similaire à celle de la figure 1, pour le bogie de la figure 5 ;
  • les figures 7, 8 et 9 sont des vues similaires à celles des figures 1 à 3, pour un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, le bogie représenté sur les figures 7 à 9 étant non pivotant, la coupe de la figure 8 étant réalisée selon une ligne brisée ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue en perspective similaire à celle de la figure 9, pour une variante pivotante du second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue en coupe transversale similaire à celle de la figure 7, pour le bogie pivotant de la figure 10 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue de côté d'une partie avant du bogie de la figure 1, montrant dans le détail la constitution d'un organe de suspension primaire bas de ce bogie, les deux bielles de l'organe de suspension étant représentées en traits pleins au repos et étant représentées en traits mixtes déplacées sous l'effet d'une sollicitation verticale de bas en haut appliquée à la roue ; et
  • la figure 13 est une vue en coupe d'une articulation de la bielle supérieure de la figure 11, considérée suivant l'incidence des flèches XII ;
  • la figure 14 est une vue latérale d'un véhicule ferroviaire selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 15 est une vue latérale d'une variante du véhicule ferroviaire représenté sur la figure 14;
  • la figure 16 est une vue latérale d'une autre variante du véhicule ferroviaire représenté sur la figure 14 ;
  • la figure 17 est une vue latérale d'une autre variante du véhicule ferroviaire représenté sur la figure 14 ;
  • la figure 18 est une vue de dessus du véhicule ferroviaire de la figure 17, montrant un aménagement intérieur ;
  • la figure 19 est une vue agrandie d'un tronçon délimité par les plans M et N sur la figure 18 ;
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which is given below, for information only and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures among which:
  • the figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a tramway bogie, motorized, pivoting, according to a first embodiment of the invention, the trolley case being also shown, the elements of the body and the bogie being cut according to different planes to clarify more ;
  • the figure 2 is a partial view in longitudinal section of the bogie and the box of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a perspective view of the bogie of the figure 1 the gearboxes are not shown for clarity;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view similar to that of the figure 3 , for a non-motorized variant of the bogie Figures 1 to 3 ;
  • the figure 5 is a perspective view similar to that of the figure 3 , for a non-pivoting variant of the bogie Figures 1 to 3 ;
  • the figure 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to that of the figure 1 , for the bogie of the figure 5 ;
  • the figures 7 , 8 and 9 are views similar to those of Figures 1 to 3 , for a second embodiment of the invention, the bogie represented on the Figures 7 to 9 being non-pivoting, the cut of the figure 8 being made along a broken line;
  • the figure 10 is a perspective view similar to that of the figure 9 for a pivotal variant of the second embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 11 is a cross-sectional view similar to that of the figure 7 , for the swiveling bogie of the figure 10 ;
  • the figure 12 is a side view of a front part of the bogie of the figure 1 , showing in detail the constitution of a lower primary suspension member of this bogie, the two connecting rods of the suspension member being shown in solid lines at rest and being represented in phantom lines displaced under the effect of a solicitation vertical from bottom to top applied to the wheel; and
  • the figure 13 is a sectional view of a joint of the upper connecting rod of the figure 11 , considered according to the incidence of arrows XII;
  • the figure 14 is a side view of a railway vehicle according to the invention;
  • the figure 15 is a side view of a variant of the railway vehicle shown on the figure 14 ;
  • the figure 16 is a side view of another variant of the railway vehicle shown on the figure 14 ;
  • the figure 17 is a side view of another variant of the railway vehicle shown on the figure 14 ;
  • the figure 18 is a top view of the railway vehicle the figure 17 , showing an interior layout;
  • the figure 19 is an enlarged view of a section delimited by the M and N planes on the figure 18 ;

Dans la description qui va suivre, la droite et la gauche, l'avant et l'arrière seront entendus relativement au sens de déplacement normal du tramway.In the following description, the right and the left, the front and the back will be heard relative to the normal direction of travel of the tramway.

Le tramway 10 représenté partiellement sur les figures 1 et 2 comprend une caisse 12 pourvue d'un châssis de caisse 14, et par exemple deux bogies 16, chacun lié à la caisse 12 et disposé sous le châssis 14. La caisse 12 est de forme allongée suivant une direction principale appelée également direction longitudinale. La direction transversale est la direction sensiblement horizontale qui est perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale du véhicule. Elle comporte un espace intérieur d'accueil des passagers 18, délimité vers le bas par le châssis 14, et des sièges 20 fixés au châssis 14. Les sièges 20 sont typiquement agencés en plusieurs rangées s'étendant perpendiculairement à la direction principale. Les sièges sont orientés de telle sorte que les passagers assis sur les sièges regardent selon la direction principale.The tramway 10 partially represented on the figures 1 and 2 comprises a box 12 provided with a body frame 14, and for example two bogies 16, each connected to the body 12 and disposed under the frame 14. The body 12 is elongated in a main direction also called longitudinal direction. The transverse direction is the substantially horizontal direction which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. It comprises an interior passenger space 18, bounded downwards by the frame 14, and seats 20 fixed to the frame 14. The seats 20 are typically arranged in several rows extending perpendicularly to the main direction. The seats are oriented so that the passengers sitting on the seats look in the main direction.

Les bogies 16 sont aptes à supporter et à guider la caisse 12 quand le tramway se déplace le long d'une voie.The bogies 16 are able to support and guide the body 12 when the tramway moves along a path.

Dans un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, chaque bogie comporte, comme le montre la figure 3 :

  • un châssis de bogie 22 ;
  • deux roues avant 24 et deux roues arrière 26 ;
  • un moteur 28 d'entraînement des roues avant 24 et des moyens 29 aptes à accoupler le moteur 28 aux roues avant 24 ;
  • un moteur 30 d'entraînement des roues arrière 26 et des moyens 31 aptes à accoupler le moteur 30 aux roues arrière 26 ;
  • pour chaque roue avant 24 et chaque roue arrière 26, une boîte d'essieux 32 et un dispositif de suspension primaire 33 du châssis 22 sur ladite boîte d'essieux ;
  • des moyens de liaison pivot 34 aptes à lier le bogie 16 à la caisse 12 ;
  • des freins avant et arrière 35.
In a first embodiment of the invention, each bogie comprises, as shown in FIG. figure 3 :
  • a bogie frame 22;
  • two front wheels 24 and two rear wheels 26;
  • a motor 28 for driving the front wheels 24 and means 29 for coupling the motor 28 to the front wheels 24;
  • a motor 30 for driving the rear wheels 26 and means 31 able to couple the motor 30 to the rear wheels 26;
  • for each front wheel 24 and rear wheel 26, an axle box 32 and a primary suspension device 33 of the chassis 22 on said axle box;
  • pivot connection means 34 able to bind the bogie 16 to the body 12;
  • front and rear brakes 35.

Les roues avant 24 sont coaxiales, espacées transversalement l'une de l'autre, et sont liées au châssis 22. De même, les roues arrière 26 sont coaxiales, espacées transversalement l'une de l'autre, et liées au châssis 22. Les roues avant 24 sont espacées longitudinalement des roues arrière 26.The front wheels 24 are coaxial, spaced transversely from one another, and are connected to the frame 22. Likewise, the rear wheels 26 are coaxial, spaced transversely from one another, and connected to the frame 22. The front wheels 24 are spaced longitudinally from the rear wheels 26.

Les moyens d'accouplement avant 29 comprennent par exemple un essieu avant 36 liant en rotation les roues avant 24 entre elles, un réducteur avant 38 et un accouplement avant 40 interposé entre le moteur avant 28 et le réducteur avant 38.The front coupling means 29 comprise, for example, a front axle 36 linking the front wheels 24 in rotation with each other, a front reduction gearbox 38 and a front coupling 40 interposed between the front engine 28 and the front gearbox 38.

Le réducteur 38 comporte une entrée liée en rotation à l'arbre du moteur 28 par l'intermédiaire de l'accouplement 40, et une sortie directement fixée à une roue avant 24. L'arbre du moteur 28 s'étend longitudinalement, l'accouplement 40 comprenant typiquement un arbre de transmission d'orientation longitudinale lié en rotation par des cardans avec l'arbre du moteur et avec l'entrée du réducteur 38.The gearbox 38 has an input rotatably connected to the motor shaft 28 via the coupling 40, and an output directly fixed to a front wheel 24. The motor shaft 28 extends longitudinally, the coupling 40 typically comprising a longitudinally-oriented transmission shaft rotatably connected by gimbals with the motor shaft and with the inlet of the gearbox 38.

Les moyens d'accouplement arrière 31 sont du même type que les moyens de transmission avant 29, et comprennent également un essieu arrière 46 liant en rotation les deux roues arrière 26 entre elles, un réducteur arrière 48 et un accouplement arrière 50 interposé entre le moteur arrière 30 et le réducteur 48.The rear coupling means 31 are of the same type as the front transmission means 29, and also comprise a rear axle 46 linking the two rear wheels 26 in rotation with each other, a rear reduction gear 48 and a rear coupling 50 interposed between the engine. rear 30 and the gearbox 48.

Chacun des essieux 36 et 46 est guidé en rotation par deux boîtes d'essieux 32, disposées immédiatement à l'intérieur des roues associées à l'essieu, et s'étendant seulement sur une fraction de la longueur transversale de l'essieu. Chaque essieu traverse les deux boîtes d'essieu 32 et est guidé en rotation à l'intérieur de celles-ci par des paliers, par exemple des roulements à billes.Each of the axles 36 and 46 is guided in rotation by two axle boxes 32, disposed immediately inside the wheels associated with the axle, and extending only over a fraction of the transverse length of the axle. Each axle passes through the two axle boxes 32 and is guided in rotation inside them by bearings, for example ball bearings.

Le châssis 22 comporte deux longerons longitudinaux 52 sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre, et au moins deux traverses 54 transversales sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre, solidarisant les deux longerons l'un à l'autre.The frame 22 comprises two longitudinal longitudinal members 52 substantially parallel to each other, and at least two cross members 54 substantially parallel to each other, solidarisant the two longitudinal members to one another.

Les longerons longitudinaux 52 et les boîtes d'essieux 32 sont sensiblement disposés dans un même plan parallèle au plan de roulement. Chaque longeron s'étend longitudinalement entre deux boîtes d'essieux 32 associées à la roue avant et à la roue arrière situées d'un même côté latéral du bogie. Chaque longeron 52 présente des parties d'extrémité avant et arrière, respectivement 56 et 58, alignées avec et s'arrêtant à distance longitudinalement des deux boîtes d'essieux 32. Ces parties d'extrémité avant et arrière 56 et 58 sont liées aux boites d'essieux 32 par les dispositifs de suspension primaires 33.The longitudinal longitudinal members 52 and the axle boxes 32 are substantially arranged in the same plane parallel to the running plane. Each spar extends longitudinally between two axle boxes 32 associated with the wheel front and rear wheel located on the same side of the bogie. Each spar 52 has front and rear end portions, respectively 56 and 58, aligned with and stopping at a distance longitudinally from the two axle boxes 32. These front and rear end portions 56 and 58 are linked to the boxes. of axles 32 by the primary suspension devices 33.

Les moteurs 28 et 30 sont rigidement fixés sur le châssis 22 du bogie. Le moteur d'entraînement des roues avant 28 est disposé d'un côté latéral droit du bogie. Le moteur 28, le réducteur 38 et l'accouplement 40 sont disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues avant 24 et arrière 26 droites. Le moteur 28 est sensiblement équidistant des essieux avant et arrière 36 et 46. Le réducteur avant 38 est disposé dans le prolongement transversal de l'essieu avant 36.The motors 28 and 30 are rigidly fixed to the frame 22 of the bogie. The drive motor of the front wheels 28 is disposed on a right lateral side of the bogie. The motor 28, the gearbox 38 and the coupling 40 are arranged towards the outside of the bogie relative to the front wheels 24 and rear 26 straight. The motor 28 is substantially equidistant from the front and rear axles 36 and 46. The front gearbox 38 is disposed in the transverse extension of the front axle 36.

De manière symétrique, le moteur d'entraînement des roues arrière 30, le réducteur arrière 48 et l'accouplement arrière 50 sont disposés d'un côté latéral gauche du bogie, vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues avant et arrière gauches. Le moteur 30 est lui aussi équidistant des essieux avant et arrière 36 et 46. Le réducteur arrière 48 est placé dans le prolongement de l'essieu arrière 46.In a symmetrical manner, the rear wheel drive motor 30, the rear gear 48 and the rear coupling 50 are arranged on a left side of the bogie towards the outside of the bogie relative to the left front and rear wheels. The motor 30 is also equidistant from the front and rear axles 36 and 46. The rear reduction gear 48 is placed in the extension of the rear axle 46.

Les moyens de liaison pivot 34 entre le bogie et la caisse comprennent une traverse danseuse 60, une couronne 62 interposée entre le châssis de caisse 14 et la traverse danseuse 60, et des organes de suspension secondaires 64 de la traverse danseuse 60 sur le châssis de bogie 22. La traverse danseuse 60 s'étend transversalement, sensiblement à équidistance des essieux 36 et 46. Elle comprend une partie centrale surbaissée 66 portant la couronne 62, deux parties d'extrémité surélevés 68 et deux bras inclinés 70 reliant la partie centrale 66 aux plateaux d'extrémité 68. La couronne 62 forme un roulement à billes et comporte par exemple une bague interne 72 fixée à la traverse danseuse 60 et une bague externe 74 fixée au châssis de caisse et mobile en rotation par rapport à la bague interne.The pivot connection means 34 between the bogie and the body comprise a bolster 60, a ring gear 62 interposed between the body frame 14 and the bolster 60, and secondary suspension members 64 of the bolster 60 on the frame of the bolster 60. 22. The bolster 60 extends transversely, substantially equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. It comprises a lowered central portion 66 carrying the ring 62, two raised end portions 68 and two inclined arms 70 connecting the central portion 66. The ring 62 forms a ball bearing and comprises for example an inner ring 72 fixed to the bolster 60 and an outer ring 74 fixed to the body frame and rotatable with respect to the inner ring.

Les parties 68 de la traverse danseuse sont situées à l'aplomb de parties médianes 76 des longerons, et sont liées à ces longerons par les organes de suspension secondaires 64.The parts 68 of the bolster are located in line with the median portions 76 of the longitudinal members, and are connected to these longitudinal members by the secondary suspension members 64.

Chaque organe de suspension secondaire 64 comprend deux sandwichs élastiques caoutchouc/métal, disposés en chevrons de part et d'autre du plateau 68 correspondant. Les sandwichs sont du type décrit dans FR-1 536 401 . Chaque sandwich 78 comprend une pluralité de couches d'un matériau élastique tel que du caoutchouc parallèles les unes aux autres, une pluralité de plaques métalliques intermédiaires interposées entre les couches de matériau élastique et des plaques métalliques d'extrémité disposées à la base et au sommet du sandwich. Les plaques intermédiaires et les plaques d'extrémité sont parallèles entre elles et sont parallèles aux couches de caoutchouc. Chaque couche de caoutchouc est ainsi disposée entre deux plaques métalliques et adhère à ces plaques. Les plaques d'extrémité sont rigidement fixées l'une au plateau 68 et l'autre au longeron 52.Each secondary suspension member 64 comprises two elastic rubber / metal sandwiches arranged in chevrons on either side of the corresponding plate 68. Sandwiches are of the type described in FR-1 536 401 . Each sandwich 78 comprises a plurality of layers of an elastic material such as rubber parallel to each other, a plurality of intermediate metal plates interposed between the layers of elastic material and end metal plates disposed at the base and the top of the sandwich. The intermediate plates and the end plates are parallel to each other and are parallel to the rubber layers. Each layer of rubber is thus disposed between two metal plates and adheres to these plates. The end plates are rigidly fixed one to the plate 68 and the other to the spar 52.

Les freins avant et arrière 35 sont des freins à disques. Le bogie comprend un frein pour chaque essieu. Le frein avant 35 est disposé vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport à la roue avant gauche, dans une position sensiblement symétrique de celle du réducteur avant 38. Il comporte un disque 80 solidaire en rotation de l'essieu avant 36 et au moins un étrier 82 monté sur le châssis 22 et susceptible de pincer le disque 80.The front and rear brakes 35 are disc brakes. The bogie includes a brake for each axle. The front brake 35 is disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the left front wheel, in a position substantially symmetrical with that of the front gearbox 38. It comprises a disc 80 integral in rotation with the front axle 36 and at least one stirrup 82 mounted on the frame 22 and capable of pinching the disc 80.

Le frein arrière 35 est situé vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport à la roue arrière droite 26, dans le prolongement de l'essieu arrière 46. Il comprend lui aussi un disque de frein 80 solidaire de l'essieu arrière 46 et un étrier 82.The rear brake 35 is located towards the outside of the bogie relative to the rear right wheel 26, in the extension of the rear axle 46. It also includes a brake disc 80 integral with the rear axle 46 and a stirrup 82.

Le bogie comporte également deux amortisseurs verticaux 84 interposés entre les parties médianes 76 des longerons et les plateaux 68 de la traverse danseuse et deux amortisseurs transversaux 85 interposés entre le châssis de bogie 22 et la traverse danseuse 60. Le bogie comporte également une barre anti-roulis 86 (figure 2) sensiblement transversale reliant les deux longerons 52 l'un à l'autre, et deux leviers verticaux 87 liant la barre anti-roulis 86 aux deux plateaux 68 de la traverse danseuse. La barre anti-roulis 86 est engagée dans des paliers 88 transversaux fixés aux longerons 52. Par ailleurs, des barres rigides 89 (visibles sur les figures 4 et 5) lient le mécanisme 90 de commande des étriers de frein 82 au châssis de bogie 22.The bogie also comprises two vertical dampers 84 interposed between the median portions 76 of the longerons and the trays 68 of the bolster and two transverse dampers 85 interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the sleeper 60. The bogie also comprises an anti-lock bar. Roll 86 ( figure 2 ) substantially transverse connecting the two longitudinal members 52 to one another, and two vertical levers 87 connecting the anti-roll bar 86 to the two trays 68 of the bolster. The anti-roll bar 86 is engaged in transverse bearings 88 fixed to the longitudinal members 52. Moreover, rigid bars 89 (visible on the figures 4 and 5 ) connect the mechanism 90 for controlling the brake calipers 82 to the bogie frame 22.

Comme visible sur les figures 2 et 12, les dispositifs de suspension primaires 33 situés des deux côtés latéraux du bogie sont des dispositifs dits « bas ».As visible on figures 2 and 12 , the primary suspension devices 33 located on both lateral sides of the bogie are so-called "low" devices.

Chaque dispositif de suspension primaire 33 comprend :

  • deux bielles 91 et 92, liées par des premiers points de liaison respectifs 94 et 96 à un longeron 52, et par des second points de liaison respectifs 98 et 100 à la boîte d'essieu 32 ;
  • un organe élastique 102 interposé entre les deux bielles 91 et 92 en vue de définir au moins la raideur verticale de l'organe de suspension primaire 33.
Each primary suspension device 33 comprises:
  • two connecting rods 91 and 92, linked by first respective connection points 94 and 96 to a spar 52, and by second respective connection points 98 and 100 to the axle box 32;
  • an elastic member 102 interposed between the two connecting rods 91 and 92 in order to define at least the vertical stiffness of the primary suspension member 33.

Les deux bielles 91 et 92 sont placées dans un même plan vertical, c'est-à-dire dans un même plan perpendiculaire au plan de roulement du bogie, la bielle 91, située au-dessus de la bielle 92, étant appelée dans la description qui va suivre la bielle supérieure, et la bielle 92, la bielle inférieure.The two rods 91 and 92 are placed in the same vertical plane, that is to say in the same plane perpendicular to the rolling plane of the bogie, the rod 91, located above the connecting rod 92, being called in the description that will follow the upper link, and the rod 92, the lower link.

Au repos, les deux bielles 91 et 92 sont sensiblement parallèles l'une à l'autre et s'étendent suivant une direction longitudinale correspondant sensiblement à la direction des longerons du châssis 22. Elles sont ainsi perpendiculaires aux essieux 36 et 46. Les bielles 91 et 92 présentent entre leurs premier et second points de liaison respectifs sensiblement la même longueur longitudinale.At rest, the two connecting rods 91 and 92 are substantially parallel to each other and extend in a longitudinal direction substantially corresponding to the direction of the longitudinal members of the frame 22. They are thus perpendicular to the axles 36 and 46. The connecting rods 91 and 92 have between their first and second respective connection points substantially the same longitudinal length.

Comme le montre la figure 12, les deux bielles 91 et 92 sont décalées longitudinalement l'une par rapport à l'autre quand le dispositif de suspension primaire est au repos et également quand il est sous charge. Ainsi, comme le montre la figure 12, la bielle supérieure 91 est décalée vers la droite de la figure 12, c'est-à-dire vers le longeron 52 par rapport à la bielle inférieure 92. De manière à répartir la charge entre les deux bielles 91 et 92, les seconds points de liaison 98 et 100 des bielles supérieure et inférieure 91 et 92 sont décalés longitudinalement de manière symétrique de part et d'autre de l'axe de l'essieu 36 ou 46. Ainsi, le point de liaison 98 de la bielle supérieure est décalé par rapport à l'axe central transversal de l'essieu d'une distance d vers le longeron 52. Symétriquement, le point de liaison 100 de la bielle inférieure 92 est décalé par rapport à l'axe central de l'essieu de la même distance d suivant la direction longitudinale, à l'opposé du longeron 52. Avec cette disposition, il y a égale répartition de la charge entre les deux bielles 91 et 92 quand l'organe élastique 102 est centré entre les points de liaison 94 et 96, c'est-à-dire quand le centre de l'organe élastique 102 est placé à équidistance des points 94 et 96 sur la droite passant par les deux points 94 et 96.As shown in figure 12 the two connecting rods 91 and 92 are offset longitudinally with respect to each other when the primary suspension device is at rest and also when under load. So, as shown in figure 12 , the upper link 91 is shifted to the right of the figure 12 , that is to say towards the spar 52 with respect to the lower link 92. In such a way as to distribute the load between the two links 91 and 92, the second connection points 98 and 100 of the upper and lower links 91 and 92 are offset longitudinally symmetrically on either side of the axis of the axle 36 or 46. Thus, the connection point 98 of the upper link is offset relative to the transverse central axis of the axle a distance d to the spar 52. Symmetrically, the connection point 100 of the lower link 92 is offset relative to the central axis of the axle of the same distance d in the longitudinal direction, opposite the spar 52. With this arrangement, there is equal distribution of the load between the two connecting rods 91 and 92 when the elastic member 102 is centered between the connection points 94 and 96, that is to say when the center of the elastic member 102 is placed equidistant from points 94 and 96 on the go through the two points 94 and 96.

Le dispositif de suspension primaire 33 est dit « bas » car, au repos ou sous charge, les bielles 91 et 92 sont entièrement situées à un niveau vertical inférieur au sommet 104 de la boîte d'essieu 32. Le sommet 104 de la boîte d'essieu est le point de cette enveloppe situé le plus haut par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie. Ce point 104 se déplace dans la direction verticale avec la boite d'essieu 32 selon la position des bielles 91 et 92.The primary suspension device 33 is said to be "low" because, at rest or under load, the connecting rods 91 and 92 are entirely located at a lower vertical level than the top 104 of the axle box 32. The top 104 of the box axle is the point of this envelope located highest relative to the rolling plane of the bogie. This point 104 moves in the vertical direction with the axle box 32 according to the position of the connecting rods 91 and 92.

L'organe élastique 102 est un sandwich caoutchouc-métal du type décrit dans la demande de brevet FR-1 536 401 . L'organe élastique 102 comprend une pluralité de couches de caoutchouc 106 parallèles les unes aux autres, une ou plusieurs plaques métalliques 108 interposées entre les couches de caoutchouc 106, et des plaques métalliques d'extrémité 110 disposées à la base et au sommet du sandwich. Les plaques 108 et 110 sont parallèles entre elles et sont parallèles aux couches de caoutchouc 106. Chaque couche de caoutchouc 106 est ainsi disposée entre deux plaques métalliques 108 et/ou 110 et adhère à ces plaques.The elastic member 102 is a rubber-metal sandwich of the type described in the patent application FR-1 536 401 . The elastic member 102 comprises a plurality of rubber layers 106 parallel to each other, one or more metal plates 108 interposed between the rubber layers 106, and end metal plates 110 disposed at the base and the top of the sandwich. . The plates 108 and 110 are parallel to each other and are parallel to the rubber layers 106. Each rubber layer 106 is thus disposed between two metal plates 108 and / or 110 and adheres to these plates.

L'axe de compression d'un tel organe élastique est perpendiculaire aux plaques 108 et 110 et aux couches de caoutchouc 106.The compression axis of such an elastic member is perpendicular to the plates 108 and 110 and to the rubber layers 106.

Un tel sandwich présente une raideur définie à la fois en compression et en cisaillement, c'est-à-dire respectivement en réponse à un effort exercé suivant une direction perpendiculaire au plan des plaques 108, 110 et des couches 106, et parallèlement au plan de ces plaques et de ces couches.Such a sandwich has a stiffness defined both in compression and in shear, that is to say respectively in response to a force exerted in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the plates 108, 110 and layers 106, and parallel to the plane of these plates and layers.

Les bielles supérieure et inférieure 91 et 92 comprennent chacune un prolongement latéral respectivement 112 et 114, définissant des surfaces d'appui en vis-à-vis respectivement 116 et 118, pour l'organe élastique 102. L'organe élastique 102 est pris entre les surfaces 116 et 118. Ces surfaces 116 et 118 sont parallèles l'une à l'autre, les plaques d'extrémité 110 étant plaquées sur les surfaces d'appui et rigidement fixées à celles-ci.The upper and lower connecting rods 91 and 92 each comprise a lateral extension respectively 112 and 114, defining bearing surfaces facing each other respectively 116 and 118, for the elastic member 102. The elastic member 102 is between the surfaces 116 and 118. These surfaces 116 and 118 are parallel to each other, the end plates 110 being pressed onto the bearing surfaces and rigidly fixed thereto.

Les surfaces d'appui 116 et 118 sont orientées de telle sorte que l'axe de compression de l'organe élastique 102 forme, en position de référence, un ange β compris entre 0° et 90° par rapport à l'axe passant par les premiers points de liaison 94 et 96 des deux bielles. De préférence, l'angle β est compris entre 20° et 50°, et vaut typiquement 30°.The bearing surfaces 116 and 118 are oriented such that the axis of compression of the elastic member 102 forms, in the reference position, an angel β between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the axis passing through the first connection points 94 and 96 of the two connecting rods. Preferably, the angle β is between 20 ° and 50 °, and is typically 30 °.

Les deux bielles 91 et 92 sont liées à la boîte d'essieu 32 du bogie par leurs seconds points de liaison respectifs 98 et 100 par l'intermédiaire d'articulations élastiques cylindriques. Les deux bielles sont liées au longeron 52 à leurs premiers points de liaison respectifs 94 et 96 également par des articulations élastiques cylindriques.The two connecting rods 91 and 92 are connected to the axle box 32 of the bogie by their respective second connection points 98 and 100 via cylindrical elastic joints. The two connecting rods are connected to the spar 52 at their respective first connection points 94 and 96 also by cylindrical elastic joints.

Les bielles 91 et 92 comportent à chacun des points de liaison 94, 96, 98 et 100 un bout d'axe transversal 120 engagé dans un orifice cylindrique 122 ménagé, selon les cas, soit dans la boîte d'essieu 32, soit dans le longeron 52 (voir figure 13). Un manchon élastique 124, par exemple en caoutchouc naturel ou synthétique, de forme cylindrique, est interposé entre le bout d'axe 120 et la paroi périphérique de l'orifice 122. Le bout d'axe 120, l'orifice 122 et le manchon 124 sont coaxiaux, d'axe transversal. Le manchon 124 adhère par une face interne au bout d'axe 120 et par une face externe à la paroi périphérique de l'orifice 122.The rods 91 and 92 comprise at each of the connection points 94, 96, 98 and 100 a cross-axis end 120 engaged in a cylindrical orifice 122 provided, as the case may be, either in the axle box 32 or in the spar 52 (see figure 13 ). An elastic sleeve 124, for example made of natural or synthetic rubber, of cylindrical shape, is interposed between the end of axis 120 and the peripheral wall of the orifice 122. The end of axis 120, the orifice 122 and the sleeve 124 are coaxial, of transverse axis. The sleeve 124 adheres by an inner face to the end of axis 120 and by an outer face to the peripheral wall of the orifice 122.

Chaque dispositif de suspension primaire 33 est situé, au repos comme en charge, entièrement sous un niveau au-dessus du plan de roulement du bogie compris entre 200 mm et 400 mm, de préférence compris entre 250 mm et 350 mm et valant typiquement 300 mm pour des roues ayant leurs diamètres à neuf de 590 mm.Each primary suspension device 33 is located, at rest as well as under load, entirely under a level above the running surface of the bogie of between 200 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 250 mm and 350 mm and being typically 300 mm. for wheels having their diameters to nine of 590 mm.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif de suspension primaire ci-dessus va maintenant être brièvement décrit en liaison avec la figure 12.The operation of the above primary suspension device will now be briefly described in connection with the figure 12 .

Sous l'effet d'une charge ou d'un défaut de voie qui fait remonter la roue 24, les bielles 91 et 92 entraînent la boite d'essieu 32 dans un mouvement vertical. L'ensemble constitué par le longeron 52, les deux bielles 91 et 92 et la boite d'essieu 32, liés par les points de liaison 94, 96, 98 et 100 constitue un parallélogramme déformable.Under the effect of a load or a track fault which causes the wheel 24 to rise, the connecting rods 91 and 92 drive the axle box 32 in a vertical movement. The assembly consisting of the spar 52, the two connecting rods 91 and 92 and the axle box 32, linked by the connection points 94, 96, 98 and 100 constitutes a deformable parallelogram.

Quand la roue subit un effort vertical F de bas en haut, dans le cas d'un défaut de voie par exemple, les bielles 91 et 92 reprennent chacune une fraction de l'effort F à leurs seconds points de liaison respectifs 98 et 100, du fait que ces premiers points de liaison sont placés de manière symétrique par rapport à l'essieu. La répartition de l'effort F entre les deux bielles 91 et 92 est fonction de la position du bloc élastique entre les points 94 et 96.When the wheel undergoes a vertical force F from bottom to top, in the case of a defect of track for example, the connecting rods 91 and 92 each take up a fraction of the effort F at their second respective connection points 98 and 100, because these first connection points are placed symmetrically with respect to the axle. The distribution of the force F between the two connecting rods 91 and 92 is a function of the position of the elastic block between the points 94 and 96.

Sous l'effet de cet effort, les bielles 91 et 92 pivotent vers le haut par rapport au longeron 52 autour des premiers points de liaison 94 et 96, c'est-à-dire dans le sens horaire sur la figure 12. Sous l'effet de ces pivotements, les surfaces d'appui 116 et 118 tendent à se rapprocher. Dans l'exemple de réalisation de la figure 12, pour lequel l'angle β vaut environ 30°, le pivotement des bielles 91 et 92 conduit à exercer sur l'organe élastique 102 à la fois un effort de compression et un effort de cisaillement. Pour un angle β de 90°, l'organe élastique travaille en compression pure. Pour un angle β de 0°, l'organe élastique travaille en cisaillement pur.As a result of this effort, the connecting rods 91 and 92 pivot upwards with respect to the spar 52 around the first connection points 94 and 96, that is to say in a clockwise direction on the figure 12 . Under the effect of these pivoting, the bearing surfaces 116 and 118 tend to get closer. In the exemplary embodiment of the figure 12 , for which the angle β is about 30 °, the pivoting of the connecting rods 91 and 92 leads to exert on the elastic member 102 both a compressive force and a shear force. For an angle β of 90 °, the elastic member works in pure compression. For an angle β of 0 °, the elastic member works in pure shear.

Parallèlement, les bielles 91 et 92 pivotent par rapport à la boîte d'essieu 32 autour des seconds points de liaison 98 et 100, qui se déplacent verticalement vers le haut comme la figure 12 le représente en traits mixtes. Bien entendu, la boite d'essieu 32 et son sommet 104 subissent également un mouvement vertical vers le haut, mais qui n'est pas représenté sur la figure 12. Les bielles 91 et 92 pivotent dans le sens horaire sur la figure 12 par rapport à la boîte d'essieu 32 et restent à un niveau inférieur au sommet 104 de la boite d'essieu, qui s'est déplacé vers le haut.At the same time, the connecting rods 91 and 92 pivot with respect to the axle box 32 around the second connection points 98 and 100, which move vertically upwards like the figure 12 represents it in phantom. Of course, the axle box 32 and its top 104 also undergo a vertical upward movement, but which is not represented on the figure 12 . The connecting rods 91 and 92 rotate clockwise on the figure 12 relative to the axle box 32 and remain at a level below the top 104 of the axle box, which has moved upwards.

Le pivotement des bielles 91 et 92 entraîne une torsion, pour chaque bielle, des manchons élastiques 124 du premier point de liaison et également du second point de liaison.The pivoting of the connecting rods 91 and 92 causes torsion, for each connecting rod, elastic sleeves 124 of the first point of connection and also the second point of connection.

De manière à permettre le montage des bielles 91 et 92 sur le châssis, les parties d'extrémité avant et arrière 56 et 58 de chaque longeron sont conformées en fourches. Chacune de ces parties d'extrémité est divisée en deux flasques 125 disposés en vis-à-vis (figure 3). Les flasques 125 sont sensiblement perpendiculaires à la direction transversale. Les bielles 91 et 92 sont montées par leurs points de liaison respectifs 94 et 96 entre les flasques 125.In order to allow the connecting rods 91 and 92 to be mounted on the frame, the front and rear end portions 56 and 58 of each spar are shaped as forks. Each of these end portions is divided into two flanges 125 arranged opposite each other ( figure 3 ). The flanges 125 are substantially perpendicular to the transverse direction. The connecting rods 91 and 92 are mounted by their respective connection points 94 and 96 between the flanges 125.

Comme le montre la figure 1, le châssis de caisse 14 présente une première partie surélevée 126 au droit des roues avant et arrière droites, une seconde partie surélevée 128 au droit des roues avant et arrière gauches, et une partie basse 130 entre les première et seconde parties surélevées 126 et 128. Les parties surélevées 126 et 128 s'étendent, parallèlement à la direction principale, sur toute la longueur du bogie. Perpendiculairement à la direction principale, la partie 126 présente une largeur suffisante pour couvrir le moteur avant 28, le réducteur avant 38, l'accouplement avant 40, le frein arrière 35, les roues avant 24 et arrière 26 droites. La partie surélevée 126 couvre également une grande partie du longeron droit 52.As shown in figure 1 , the body frame 14 has a first raised portion 126 to the right front and rear right wheels, a second raised portion 128 to the right of the left front and rear wheels, and a lower portion 130 between the first and second raised portions 126 and 128 The raised portions 126 and 128 extend, parallel to the main direction, along the entire length of the bogie. Perpendicular to the main direction, the portion 126 has a width sufficient to cover the front engine 28, the front gearbox 38, the front coupling 40, the rear brake 35, the front wheels 24 and rear 26 straight. The raised portion 126 also covers a large portion of the right spar 52.

La partie surélevée 128 présente la même largeur que la partie 126 et, de manière symétrique, couvre le moteur arrière 30, le réducteur arrière 48, l'accouplement arrière 50, le frein avant 35, les roues avant 24 et arrière 26 gauches et une grande partie du longeron gauche 52.The raised portion 128 has the same width as the portion 126 and, symmetrically, covers the rear engine 30, the rear gear 48, the rear coupling 50, the front brake 35, the front wheels 24 and rear 26 left and much of the left spar 52.

La partie basse 130 forme un couloir de circulation à l'intérieur de la caisse, ce couloir étant sensiblement parallèle à la direction principale. Le couloir 130, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction principale, s'étend au milieu de la caisse, c'est-à-dire à mi-distance des deux parois latérales de la caisse. =The lower part 130 forms a circulation corridor inside the box, this corridor being substantially parallel to the main direction. Corridor 130, considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction, extends in the middle of the box, that is to say halfway between the two side walls of the box. =

La zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir de circulation est situé à un niveau de sensiblement 480 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, en considérant que les roues du bogie possèdent leur diamètre à neuf de 590 mmThe high zone 132a of the floor 131 of the traffic corridor is situated at a level of substantially 480 mm with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie, considering that the wheels of the bogie have a diameter of nine to 590 mm.

Pour des roues ayant un diamètre à neuf de 640 mm, la zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir de circulation 130 est situé à un niveau de sensiblement 520 mm.For wheels with a new diameter of 640 mm, the high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor 130 is located at a level of substantially 520 mm.

Comme visible sur la figure 1, le châssis, les essieux, les boîtes d'essieux, les organes de suspension primaires, la traverse danseuse et les organes de suspension secondaires sont tous entièrement situés à un niveau inférieur à celui du plancher 132. Ce résultat est obtenu grâce à l'utilisation de dispositifs de suspension primaires bas tels que décrits ci-dessus.As visible on the figure 1 , the chassis, the axles, the axle boxes, the primary suspension members, the bolster and the secondary suspension members are all entirely located at a level lower than that of the floor 132. This result is obtained thanks to the use of low primary suspension devices as described above.

Le couloir 130 présente une largeur, perpendiculairement à la direction principale, de 800 mm environ. En variante, le couloir présente une largeur comprise entre 600 mm et 800 mm, perpendiculairement à la direction principale. Il recouvre légèrement les deux longerons 52. Toutefois, un écartement significatif est prévu entre les parois latérales 134 de la partie basse 130 et les roues 24 et 26, de manière à permettre le débattement en rotation du bogie par rapport à la caisse.The corridor 130 has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of about 800 mm. Alternatively, the corridor has a width of between 600 mm and 800 mm, perpendicular to the main direction. It covers slightly the two longitudinal members 52. However, a significant separation is provided between the side walls 134 of the lower part 130 and the wheels 24 and 26, so as to allow the rotational movement of the bogie relative to the body.

Comme le montre la figure 2, chacune des parties surélevées 126 et 128 comporte, considérée d'avant en arrière, des zones de niveaux différents. Plus précisément, chaque partie comporte d'abord une zone de niveau moyen 138, puis une zone 140 de niveau plus élevé que la zone 138, puis une zone 142 de niveau plus faible que la zone 138, puis une zone 144 de même niveau que la zone 140 et enfin une zone 146 de même niveau que la zone 138. La zone 142 s'étend au droit d'un plateau 68 de la traverse danseuse et d'un des moteurs. Elle est située à un niveau intermédiaire entre celui du plateau 68 et le sommet des roues 24 et 26.As shown in figure 2 each of the raised portions 126 and 128 includes, from front to back, areas of different levels. More specifically, each part comprises first a medium level zone 138, then a higher level zone 140 than the zone 138, then a lower level zone 142 than the zone 138, then a zone 144 of the same level as the zone 140 and finally a zone 146 of the same level as the zone 138. The zone 142 extends in line with a plate 68 of the bolster and one of the engines. It is located at an intermediate level between that of the plate 68 and the top of the wheels 24 and 26.

Au contraire, les zones 138, 140, 144 et 146 sont toutes situées à un niveau supérieur à celui du sommet des roues.On the contrary, the zones 138, 140, 144 and 146 are all located at a level higher than that of the top of the wheels.

Comme on le comprend en considérant les figures 1 et 2, deux sièges 20 sont fixés côte à côte dans chacune des zones 138, 140, 144 et 146. Les sièges des zones 140 et 144 se font face, la zone 142 permettant aux passagers assis sur ces sièges de poser leurs pieds. Les sièges des zones 138 et 140 sont disposés dos à dos, de même que les sièges des zones 144 et 146.As is understood by considering the figures 1 and 2 two seats 20 are attached side by side in each of the areas 138, 140, 144 and 146. The seats zones 140 and 144 face each other, zone 142 allowing passengers sitting on these seats to put their feet. The seats of zones 138 and 140 are arranged back to back, as are the seats of zones 144 and 146.

La couronne 62 est fixée sous le plancher 132 du couloir. La face 148 du plancher 132 tournée vers le sol présente, considérée perpendiculairement à la direction principale, un profil suivant sensiblement celui de la traverse danseuse.The ring 62 is fixed under the floor 132 of the corridor. The face 148 of the floor 132 facing the ground present, considered perpendicular to the main direction, a profile substantially following that of the sleeper cross.

La figure 4 illustre une première variante de réalisation non motorisée du bogie des figures 1 à 3. Seules les différences avec le bogie décrit précédemment seront précisées ici. Les éléments identiques, ou assurant la même fonction, seront désignés par les mêmes numéros de référence.The figure 4 illustrates a first non-motorized variant embodiment of the bogie of Figures 1 to 3 . Only the differences with the bogie described above will be specified here. Identical elements, or performing the same function, will be designated by the same reference numbers.

Ce bogie ne comporte pas les moteurs avant et arrière 28 et 30, ni les réducteurs avant et arrière 38 et 48, ni les accouplements 40 et 50. Il comporte en revanche deux freins 35 supplémentaires, disposés à la place des réducteurs avant et arrière 38 et 48. Le bogie dispose donc, pour chaque essieu, de deux freins 35 disposés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues.This bogie does not include the front and rear engines 28 and 30, nor the front and rear gearboxes 38 and 48, nor the couplings 40 and 50. It has, however, two additional brakes 35, arranged instead of the front and rear reducers 38 and 48. The bogie therefore has, for each axle, two brakes 35 disposed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels.

Le niveau du couloir de circulation, sa largeur, et l'agencement des sièges 20 au droit du bogie dans la caisse sont identiques pour cette variante à ce qui a été décrit plus haut en référence au mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3.The level of the traffic corridor, its width, and the arrangement of the seats 20 to the bogie in the body are identical for this variant to what has been described above with reference to the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 3 .

Les figures 5 et 6 illustrent une seconde variante de réalisation non pivotante du bogie des figures 1 à 3. Seules les différences par rapport au bogie des figures 1 à 3 seront détaillées ici, les éléments identiques, ou assurant la même fonction, étant désignés par les mêmes références.The figures 5 and 6 illustrate a second variant of non-pivoting embodiment of the bogie Figures 1 to 3 . Only the differences compared to the bogie Figures 1 to 3 will be detailed here, the identical elements, or providing the same function, being designated by the same references.

Le bogie 16 est dépourvu de traverse danseuse 60 et de couronne 62. Les moyens 34 de liaison entre le bogie et la caisse comprennent en revanche des plateaux de support 149 rigidement fixés au châssis de caisse 14 et interposés entre les organes de suspension secondaires 64 et le châssis de caisse 14. Le bogie est ainsi non pivotant, au sens où ses moyens de liaison à la caisse n'autorisent qu'un pivotement très limité autour d'un axe perpendiculaire au plan de roulement, généralement inférieur à 2°.The bogie 16 has no bolster 60 and a crown 62. The connection means 34 between the bogie and the body instead comprise support plates 149 rigidly fixed to the body frame 14 and interposed between the secondary suspension members 64 and 14. The bogie is thus non-pivoting, in the sense that its connection means to the body allow only a very limited pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the running surface, generally less than 2 °.

Du fait de la très faible amplitude du débattement possible entre le bogie et la caisse, les parois latérales 134 du couloir de circulation peuvent être disposées beaucoup plus près des roues que dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3, correspondant à un bogie pivotant. Dans ce cas, la partie surbaissée 130 du châssis de caisse recouvre une grande partie des longerons 52, et présente une largeur, perpendiculairement à la direction principale, de sensiblement un mètre. Le plancher 132 est ici encore situé à un niveau de 480 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, pour des roues présentant leur diamètre à neuf de 590 mm.Due to the very small amplitude of the possible travel between the bogie and the body, the side walls 134 of the circulation lane can be arranged much closer to the wheels than in the embodiment of the Figures 1 to 3 , corresponding to a swiveling bogie. In this case, the lowered portion 130 of the body frame covers a large part of the longitudinal members 52, and has a width, perpendicular to the main direction, of substantially one meter. The floor 132 is again located at a level of 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, for wheels having their new diameter of 590 mm.

Un second mode de réalisation de l'invention va maintenant être décrit relativement aux figures 7 à 9. Les éléments identiques ou assurant la même fonction que dans le premier mode de réalisation seront désignés par les mêmes numéros de référence.A second embodiment of the invention will now be described with respect to Figures 7 to 9 . Elements identical or performing the same function as in the first embodiment will be designated by the same reference numbers.

Seuls les points par lesquels le second mode de réalisation diffère du premier vont être détaillés ci-dessous.Only the points by which the second embodiment differs from the first will be detailed below.

Chaque bogie 16 comporte un moteur unique 150 apte à entraîner à la fois les roues avant et des roues arrière. Le réducteur avant 38 est accouplé à l'arbre du moteur unique 150 par l'intermédiaire de l'accouplement avant 40, le réducteur arrière 48 étant accouplé à l'arbre du moteur 150 par l'intermédiaire de l'accouplement arrière 50.Each bogie 16 comprises a single engine 150 able to drive both the front wheels and rear wheels. The forward gearbox 38 is coupled to the single motor shaft 150 through the front coupling 40, the rear gearbox 48 being coupled to the motor shaft 150 through the rear coupling 50.

Le moteur 150, les réducteurs 38 et 48 et les accouplements 40 et 50 sont disposés entre, d'une part, un plan P1 longitudinal médian des roues avant 24 et médian des roues arrière 26 et, d'autre part, un plan P2 passant par les roues droites avant et arrière 24 et 26 (voir figure 7). Ainsi, le moteur 150, les réducteurs 38 et 48 et les accouplements 40 et 50 sont tous disposés du côté droit du bogie, vers l'intérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues. Les réducteurs 38 et 48 sont placés respectivement immédiatement à l'intérieur des roues droites avant 24 et arrière 26.The motor 150, the gearboxes 38 and 48 and the couplings 40 and 50 are arranged between, on the one hand, a median longitudinal plane P1 of the front wheels 24 and median of the rear wheels 26 and, on the other hand, a passing plane P2. by the front and rear wheels 24 and 26 (see figure 7 ). Thus, the motor 150, the reducers 38 and 48 and the couplings 40 and 50 are all arranged on the right side of the bogie, towards the inside of the bogie with respect to the wheels. The reducers 38 and 48 are respectively placed immediately inside the front wheels 24 and rear 26.

Comme le montre la figure 9, les réducteurs 38 et 48 jouent le rôle de boîtes d'essieux et comprennent des moyens de guidage en rotation respectivement des essieux avant et arrière 36 et 46, tels que des roulements à billes. La sortie du réducteur 38 est fixée directement à la roue avant droite 24 ou à l'essieu avant 36. De même, la sortie du réducteur arrière 48 est fixée directement à la roue arrière 26 ou à l'essieu arrière 46.As shown in figure 9 the gear units 38 and 48 act as axle boxes and comprise means for respectively rotating the front and rear axles 36 and 46, such as ball bearings. The output of the gearbox 38 is fixed directly to the right front wheel 24 or to the front axle 36. Likewise, the output of the rear gearbox 48 is fixed directly to the rear wheel 26 or to the rear axle 46.

Les réducteurs 38 et 48, les accouplements 40 et 50, et le moteur 150 sont alignés longitudinalement. Le moteur 150 est placé longitudinalement entre les réducteurs 38 et 48, les accouplements 40 et 50 étant respectivement interposés entre le réducteur 38 et le moteur 150 et entre le réducteur arrière 48 et le moteur 150.Gearheads 38 and 48, couplings 40 and 50, and motor 150 are aligned longitudinally. The motor 150 is placed longitudinally between the reducers 38 and 48, the couplings 40 and 50 being respectively interposed between the gearbox 38 and the motor 150 and between the rear gear 48 and the motor 150.

Les accouplements 40 et 50 comprennent chacun un arbre de transmission d'orientation longitudinale, lié en rotation par des cardans à l'arbre du moteur 150 et à l'entrée du réducteur 38 ou 48.Couplings 40 and 50 each comprise a longitudinally oriented transmission shaft, rotatably connected by gimbals to the motor shaft 150 and to the inlet of the gearbox 38 or 48.

Le moteur 150 est équidistant des essieux 36 et 46. Par ailleurs, les positions des réducteurs avant et arrière 38 et 48 sont symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport à un plan transversal P3, médian des roues avant et arrière 24 et 26. Comme le montre la figure 8, le plan P3 est équidistant des essieux 36 et 46. De même, les positions des accouplements 40 et 50 sont symétriques l'une de l'autre par rapport au plan P3.The motor 150 is equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. Furthermore, the positions of the front and rear gearheads 38 and 48 are symmetrical to each other with respect to a transverse plane P3, median of the front and rear wheels 24 and 26 As shown in figure 8 , the plane P3 is equidistant from the axles 36 and 46. Similarly, the positions of the couplings 40 and 50 are symmetrical to one another with respect to the plane P3.

Les réducteurs avant et arrière 38 et 48 sont différents l'un de l'autre et sont choisis de manière à entraîner les roues avant et arrière dans un même sens de rotation.The front and rear reducers 38 and 48 are different from each other and are chosen so as to drive the front and rear wheels in the same direction of rotation.

Le bogie 16 est dissymétrique, le longeron droit 52 étant différent du longeron gauche 52, et les dispositifs de suspension primaires 33 associés aux roues droites étant différents des dispositifs de suspension primaires 33 associés aux roues gauches.The bogie 16 is asymmetrical, the right spar 52 being different from the left spar 52, and the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the right wheels being different from the primary suspension devices 33 associated with the left wheels.

Comme le montrent les figures 8 et 9, le longeron droit 52 comporte une partie centrale basse 152 s'étendant le long du moteur 150, et deux parties d'extrémité surélevées 154 et 156.As shown by figures 8 and 9 the right spar 52 has a low central portion 152 extending along the engine 150, and two raised end portions 154 and 156.

Le longeron gauche 52, les traverses 54 et la partie basse 152 du longeron droit sont disposés dans un même plan sensiblement parallèle au plan de roulement du bogie. La partie 152 est disposée vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport au moteur 150. Elle s'étend longitudinalement d'une traverse 54 à l'autre. Le moteur 150 est rigidement fixé à la partie 152. Son arbre moteur est situé au niveau de l'axe des essieux 36 et 46, à un niveau intermédiaire entre la partie 152 et les parties d'extrémité 154 et 156.The left spar 52, the cross members 54 and the lower portion 152 of the right spar are arranged in the same plane substantially parallel to the rolling plane of the bogie. The portion 152 is disposed outwardly of the bogie relative to the engine 150. It extends longitudinally from a cross member 54 to the other. The motor 150 is rigidly attached to the portion 152. Its drive shaft is located at the axis of the axles 36 and 46, at an intermediate level between the portion 152 and the end portions 154 and 156.

Les parties d'extrémité surélevées 154 et 156 du longeron droit s'étendent longitudinalement, au-dessus respectivement du réducteur avant 38 et du réducteur arrière 48. Les parties 154 et 156 sont rigidement fixées à la partie centrale 152 par des pieds 158.The raised end portions 154 and 156 of the right spar extend longitudinally, respectively above the front gearbox 38 and the rear gearbox 48. The portions 154 and 156 are rigidly secured to the central portion 152 by feet 158.

Les dispositifs de suspension primaires 33 associés aux roues droites avant et arrière comprennent chacun deux organes de suspension primaires 160 du type sandwich caoutchouc/métal (figures 8 et 9). De tels sandwichs sont décrits dans FR-1 536 401 . Chaque organe comprend une pluralité de couches d'un matériau élastique tel que du caoutchouc, et une pluralité de plaques métalliques interposées entre les couches de matériau élastique et adhérentes à ces couches. Chacun des organes 160 est conformé en chevrons.The primary suspension devices 33 associated with the front and rear right wheels each comprise two primary suspension members 160 of the rubber / metal sandwich type ( figures 8 and 9 ). Such sandwiches are described in FR-1 536 401 . Each member comprises a plurality of layers of an elastic material such as rubber, and a plurality of metal plates interposed between the layers of elastic material and adherent to these layers. Each of the members 160 is shaped in chevrons.

Les organes 160 du dispositif de suspension primaire associé à la roue arrière droite sont interposés entre la partie surélevée arrière 156 du longeron droit et le réducteur arrière 48. L'un des organes 160 est situé à l'avant de l'essieu 46, et l'autre à l'arrière de l'essieu 46.The members 160 of the primary suspension device associated with the right rear wheel are interposed between the rear raised portion 156 of the right spar and the rear reduction gear 48. One of the members 160 is located at the front of the axle 46, and the other at the rear of the axle 46.

De même, dans le dispositif de suspension primaire associé à la roue avant droite, les organes 160 sont interposés entre la partie surélevée avant 154 du longeron droit et le réducteur avant 38. L'un des organes de suspension primaire est situé à l'avant de l'essieu 36 et l'autre à l'arrière de l'essieu 36.Similarly, in the primary suspension device associated with the right front wheel, the members 160 are interposed between the raised portion before 154 of the right spar and the front reduction gear 38. One of the primary suspension members is located at the front of the axle 36 and the other at the rear of the axle 36.

Le longeron gauche 52 du châssis est semblable aux longerons du châssis du premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. Les dispositifs de suspension primaires 33 associés aux roues avant et arrière gauches sont des dispositifs bas identiques aux dispositifs de suspension primaires du premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ils sont interposés entre les parties d'extrémité 56 et 58 du longeron gauche et les boîtes d'essieu 32 des roues gauches, comme décrit précédemment. Chaque dispositif bas 33 est situé au repos entièrement sous un niveau au-dessus du plan de roulement du bogie compris entre 200 mm et 400 mm, de préférence compris entre 250 mm et 350 mm, et valant typiquement 300 mm, pour des roues ayant leurs diamètres à neuf de 590 mm.The left spar 52 of the chassis is similar to the longitudinal members of the frame of the first embodiment of the invention. The primary suspension devices 33 associated with the left front and rear wheels are low devices identical to the primary suspension devices of the first embodiment of the invention. They are interposed between the end portions 56 and 58 of the left spar and the axle boxes 32 of the left wheels, as previously described. Each lower device 33 is located at rest entirely below a level above the running surface of the bogie of between 200 mm and 400 mm, preferably between 250 mm and 350 mm, and typically equal to 300 mm, for wheels having their new diameters of 590 mm.

Le bogie comporte typiquement quatre organes de suspension secondaires 162 comprenant chacun un ressort hélicoïdal interposé entre le châssis de bogie 22 et le châssis de caisse 14. Les quatre organes de suspension secondaires 162 sont disposés de manière symétrique par rapport au plan longitudinal P1 et par rapport au plan P3. Deux organes 162 sont placés du côté droit du bogie vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues droites 24 et 26. Les deux autres ressorts hélicoïdaux sont disposés du côté gauche du bogie vers l'extérieur de ce bogie par rapport aux roues gauches 24 et 26. Les organes de suspension secondaires 162 sont situés longitudinalement entre les roues avant 24 et les roues arrière 26. Ils présentent verticalement sensiblement le même encombrement que le moteur 150 et sont situés au même niveau que celui-ci par rapport au plan de roulement (voir figure 7).The bogie typically comprises four secondary suspension members 162 each comprising a helical spring interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the body frame 14. The four secondary suspension members 162 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal plane P1 and relative to each other. on plane P3. Two members 162 are placed on the right side of the bogie towards the outside of the bogie relative to the right wheels 24 and 26. The two other coil springs are arranged on the left side of the bogie toward the outside of this bogie with respect to the left wheels. and 26. Secondary suspension members 162 are located longitudinally between the front wheels 24 and the rear wheels 26. They have substantially the same vertical space substantially as the engine 150 and are located at the same level as the latter with respect to the running surface (see figure 7 ).

Les freins avant et arrière 35 sont des freins à disque du même type que ceux décrits relativement au premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.The front and rear brakes 35 are disc brakes of the same type as those described with respect to the first embodiment of the invention.

Ces freins sont disposés du côté gauche du bogie, vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues avant et arrière gauches 24 et 26. Ils sont disposés dans le prolongement transversal des essieux avant et arrière 36 et 46.These brakes are arranged on the left side of the bogie, towards the outside of the bogie relative to the left front and rear wheels 24 and 26. They are arranged in the transverse extension of the front and rear axles 36 and 46.

Le bogie comprend un amortisseur transversal 164 et deux amortisseurs verticaux 166, tous interposés entre le châssis de bogie 22 et le châssis de caisse 14. Il comprend également une bielle rigide longitudinale 168 apte à transmettre les efforts entre le châssis de bogie et le châssis de caisse. Par ailleurs, le mécanisme 90 d'actionnement des étriers de freins est lié au châssis de bogie par l'intermédiaire des bielles 174.The bogie comprises a transverse damper 164 and two vertical dampers 166, all interposed between the bogie frame 22 and the body frame 14. It also comprises a rigid longitudinal rod 168 capable of transmitting the forces between the bogie frame and the chassis of the truck. checkout. Furthermore, the mechanism 90 for actuating the brake calipers is connected to the bogie frame via the connecting rods 174.

Comme le montre la figure 7, la partie surélevée droite 126 du châssis de caisse couvre les organes de suspension secondaires 162, les roues droites avant et arrière, le moteur 150, les réducteurs avant et arrière 38 et 48 et les accouplements avant et arrière 40 et 50.As shown in figure 7 , the raised right portion 126 of the body frame covers the secondary suspension members 162, the front and rear straight wheels, the engine 150, the front and rear gearboxes 38 and 48 and the front and rear couplings 40 and 50.

La partie surélevée gauche 128 couvre seulement les organes de suspension secondaires 162, les roues gauches avant et arrière et les freins avant et arrière 35.The left elevated portion 128 covers only the secondary suspension members 162, the left front and rear wheels and the front and rear brakes 35.

Considérée perpendiculairement à la direction transversale, la première partie surélevée 126 est relativement plus large que la seconde partie surélevée 128. Le couloir de circulation 130 est de ce fait décalé transversalement vers la partie surélevée gauche 128 par rapport au plan P4 médian de la caisse 12 et s'étendant parallèlement à la direction principale.Considered perpendicular to the transverse direction, the first raised portion 126 is relatively wider than the second raised portion 128. The circulation corridor 130 is thereby shifted transversely to the left elevated portion 128 relative to the median plane P4 of the body 12 and extending parallel to the main direction.

La zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir de circulation est situé à un niveau de 480 mm environ par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, en considérant le diamètre à neuf des roues de 590mm.The high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor is situated at a level of about 480 mm with respect to the rolling surface of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 590 mm.

La zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir de circulation est situé à un niveau de 520mm environ par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, en considérant le diamètre à neuf des roues de 640 mm.The high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the circulation corridor is located at a level of about 520mm with respect to the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 640 mm.

Le couloir de circulation 130 s'étend pratiquement, considéré dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction principale de la caisse, depuis les réducteurs 38 et 48 jusqu'aux roues gauches. Il présente une largeur de 800mm environ.The circulation corridor 130 extends substantially, considered in a plane perpendicular to the main direction of the body, from the gearboxes 38 and 48 to the left wheels. It has a width of about 800mm.

Comme dans le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, chacune des parties surélevées du châssis de caisse comprend des zones 138 à 146 de niveaux différents, permettant d'agencer seize sièges au droit du bogie.As in the first embodiment of the invention, each of the raised parts of the body frame comprises zones 138 to 146 of different levels, to arrange sixteen seats to the right of the bogie.

La figure 10 illustre une variante de réalisation pivotante du bogie des figures 7 à 9. Seules les différences avec le bogie des figures 7 à 9 seront précisées ici. Les éléments identiques, ou assurant la même fonction, seront désignés par les mêmes numéros de référence.The figure 10 illustrates a pivotal variant embodiment of the bogie Figures 7 to 9 . Only the differences with the bogie Figures 7 to 9 will be specified here. Identical elements, or performing the same function, will be designated by the same reference numbers.

Le bogie 16 comprend des moyens de liaison pivot 176 aptes à lier le bogie à la caisse 12. Les moyens 176 comportent une traverse danseuse transversale 178 et un pivot 180 interposé entre la traverse 178 et le châssis de caisse 14. Le pivot 180 présente un axe de rotation sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de roulement du bogie.The bogie 16 comprises pivot connection means 176 capable of binding the bogie to the body 12. The means 176 comprise a transverse dancer cross member 178 and a pivot 180 interposed between the cross member 178 and the body frame 14. The pivot 180 has a axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the rolling plane of the bogie.

La traverse 178 présente une forme en berceuse similaire à celle de la traverse 60 du premier mode de réalisation. Les parties d'extrémité surélevées 182 de la traverse danseuse sont conformées en plateau. Les organes de suspension secondaires 162 sont interposés entre les plateaux 182 et le châssis 22. Le pivot 180 est lié à la partie centrale basse 184 de la traverse danseuse.The cross member 178 has a lullaby shape similar to that of the cross member 60 of the first embodiment. The raised end portions 182 of the bolster are shaped as a tray. The secondary suspension members 162 are interposed between the plates 182 and the frame 22. The pivot 180 is connected to the lower central portion 184 of the bolster.

La zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir 130 est situé à un niveau d'environ 480 mm au-dessus du plan de roulement du bogie, en considérant le diamètre à neuf des roues de 590 mmThe high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the corridor 130 is located at a level of about 480 mm above the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 590 mm

La zone haute 132a du plancher 132 du couloir 130 est situé à un niveau d'environ 520 mm au-dessus du plan de roulement du bogie, en considérant le diamètre à neuf des roues de 640 mmThe high zone 132a of the floor 132 of the corridor 130 is located at a level of about 520 mm above the rolling plane of the bogie, considering the new diameter of the wheels of 640 mm

Le couloir 130 présente une largeur de 660 mm seulement environ, perpendiculairement à la direction principale de la caisse, de manière à laisser entre les parois latérales 134 du couloir et les organes du bogie un espace libre autorisant le débattement en rotation du bogie par rapport à la caisse.The corridor 130 has a width of only about 660 mm, perpendicular to the main direction of the body, so as to leave between the side walls 134 of the corridor and the bogie organs a free space allowing the rotational movement of the bogie relative to the box.

Les bogies décrits ci-dessus présentent de multiples avantages.The bogies described above have multiple advantages.

L'utilisation d'une suspension primaire basse permet d'aménager dans le châssis de caisse un couloir de circulation bas, particulièrement large, même quand le bogie est monté par des moyens de liaison pivot sous la caisse. Elle permet en effet d'aménager une zone haute 132a du plancher 132 disposé au dessus d'un bogie 16, à une hauteur inférieure d'au moins 100 mm à la hauteur maximale des roues par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie. De préférence, la zone de plancher haute 132a du plancher 132 est disposée à une hauteur située entre 100mm et 120 mm en dessous de la hauteur du sommet des roues par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie. La hauteur maximale des roues ou la hauteur du sommet des roues étant la valeur du diamètre des roues.The use of a low primary suspension makes it possible to arrange a low, particularly wide traffic corridor in the body frame. when the bogie is mounted by pivot connection means under the body. It makes it possible to build an upper zone 132a of the floor 132 disposed above a bogie 16, at a height at least 100 mm below the maximum height of the wheels relative to the rolling plane of the bogie. Preferably, the high floor zone 132a of the floor 132 is disposed at a height between 100mm and 120mm below the height of the top of the wheels relative to the rolling plane of the bogie. The maximum height of the wheels or the height of the top of the wheels being the value of the diameter of the wheels.

Du fait que les réducteurs présentent des sorties fixées directement sur les roues, les accouplements avant et arrière sont disposés longitudinalement entre les moteurs et les réducteurs. L'encombrement transversal des transmissions du moteur vers les roues en est diminué.Since the gearboxes have outlets fixed directly to the wheels, the front and rear couplings are arranged longitudinally between the motors and gearboxes. The transverse size of the transmissions from the engine to the wheels is reduced.

Par ailleurs, les arbres de sortie des moteurs sont longitudinaux, ce qui permet de réduire la pignonerie des réducteurs par rapport au cas où les moteurs présentent des arbres de sortie transversaux.In addition, the output shafts of the motors are longitudinal, which reduces gear gearboxes compared to the case where the motors have transverse output shafts.

Du fait que les suspensions primaires sont placées à l'intérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues, il est possible de faire descendre les parois latérales de la caisse sensiblement jusqu'à l'axe des roues, voire plus bas, tout en leur conférant un galbe. Comme le montrent les figures 1 et 7, les parois ne sont pas planes mais, au contraire, sont légèrement bombées vers l'extérieur de la caisse. Par ailleurs, cette disposition des suspensions primaires facilite l'accès aux roues et aux disques de frein, en vue de leur maintenance ou de leur remplacement.Because the primary suspensions are placed inside the bogie relative to the wheels, it is possible to lower the side walls of the body substantially to the axis of the wheels, or lower, while giving them a curved. As shown by figures 1 and 7 , the walls are not flat but, on the contrary, are slightly curved towards the outside of the box. Furthermore, this provision of the primary suspensions facilitates access to the wheels and brake discs, for maintenance or replacement.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le fait que les moteurs et les réducteurs soient placés vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues, et le fait que le châssis et les boîtes d'essieux soient disposés dans un même plan sensiblement parallèle au plan de roulement du bogie, facilitent encore l'aménagement d'un couloir de circulation bas et large dans le châssis de caisse.In the first embodiment of the invention, the fact that the motors and gearboxes are placed towards the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels, and the fact that the frame and the axle boxes are arranged in the same plane substantially parallel to the running surface of the bogie, further facilitate the development of a low and wide circulation corridor in the body frame.

Par ailleurs, le fait que les moteurs soient placés vers l'extérieur du bogie, verticalement au niveau du châssis de bogie, et le fait que les suspensions secondaires soient placées à l'intérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues, au même niveau que les moteurs, permet de créer dans le châssis de caisse deux zones basses latérales entre les roues avant et arrière du bogie. Il devient ainsi possible de disposer seize sièges dans la caisse au-dessus de chaque bogie. En effet, deux sièges peuvent être disposés à l'avant de chaque zone basse, et deux autres à l'arrière de ladite zone basse, en vis-à-vis des sièges avant. Les zones basses servent à loger les jambes des passagers assis sur les quatre sièges en vis-à-vis.Furthermore, the fact that the motors are placed towards the outside of the bogie, vertically at the level of the bogie frame, and the fact that the secondary suspensions are placed inside the bogie with respect to the wheels, at the same level as the engines, allows to create in the body frame two low side zones between the front and rear wheels of the bogie. It becomes possible to have sixteen seats in the box above each bogie. Indeed, two seats can be arranged at the front of each low area, and two others at the rear of said low area, vis-à-vis the front seats. The low areas are used to house the legs of passengers sitting on the four seats vis-à-vis.

Le second mode de réalisation de l'invention présente également de multiples avantages.The second embodiment of the invention also has multiple advantages.

Le fait que le moteur et les réducteurs soient rassemblés d'un côté latéral du bogie, à l'opposé des organes de suspension primaires bas, facilite encore l'aménagement d'un couloir de circulation à la fois bas et large dans le châssis de caisse.The fact that the engine and gearboxes are assembled on one lateral side of the bogie, in contrast to the low primary suspension members, further facilitates the arrangement of a low and wide circulation lane in the chassis of the truck. checkout.

La disposition symétrique du ou des moteurs et des réducteurs par rapport au plan transversal médian des roues va également dans ce sens.The symmetrical disposition of the motor (s) and reducers with respect to the median transverse plane of the wheels also goes in this direction.

Le moteur d'entraînement du bogie peut être avantageusement aligné longitudinalement entre les deux réducteurs. Le ou chaque moteur et les réducteurs présentent transversalement sensiblement le même encombrement, de telle sorte qu'il subsiste un espace libre important entre le moteur et les réducteurs, d'une part, et les roues situées du côté opposé du bogie, d'autre part, pour laisser passer le couloir de circulation de la caisse.The drive motor of the bogie can advantageously be aligned longitudinally between the two reducers. The or each motor and the gear units have substantially the same dimensions transversely, so that there remains a large free space between the engine and the gearboxes, on the one hand, and the wheels on the opposite side of the bogie, on the other hand on the other hand, to let through the cash circulation corridor.

Du fait que les réducteurs sont rassemblés d'un même côté du bogie, le couloir de circulation est décalé par rapport au plan médian de la caisse et parallèle à la direction principale de la caisse.Because the reducers are assembled on one side of the bogie, the traffic corridor is offset from the median plane of the body and parallel to the main direction of the body.

Les freins et les ressorts de suspension secondaire du bogie sont placés dans ce cas vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux roues, de manière à ne pas gêner le passage du couloir de circulation de la caisse.In this case, the brakes and the secondary suspension springs of the bogie are placed towards the outside of the bogie with respect to the wheels, so as not to impede the passage of the traffic corridor of the box.

Le fait que le moteur est placé le long d'une partie centrale basse du longeron droit, vers l'extérieur du bogie, et le fait que le moteur soit placé à un niveau inférieur à celui des parties d'extrémités surélevées du longeron droit permet de créer dans le châssis de caisse deux zones basses latérales entre les roues avant et arrière du bogie.The fact that the engine is placed along a low central portion of the right spar, towards the outside of the bogie, and the fact that the engine is placed at a level lower than that of the raised end portions of the right spar allows to create in the body frame two low side zones between the front and rear wheels of the truck.

Il devient ainsi possible de disposer jusqu'à quatre rangées de trois sièges sans trop empiéter sur le couloir pour une caisse étroite (moins de 2400 mm de largeur), soit douze sièges au-dessus du bogie. Deux sièges de chaque rangée sont dans ce cas disposés au-dessus de la partie surélevée 126, la plus large, et un seul au-dessus de la partie surélevée 128, la plus étroite. Dans le cas d'une caisse plus large (plus de 2400 mm de largeur), il est possible de disposer quatre rangées de quatre sièges au-dessus du bogie sans trop empiéter sur le couloir, soit seize sièges au total. Deux sièges de chaque rangée sont alors disposés au-dessus de la partie surélevée 126 et deux autres au-dessus de la partie surélevée 128. Les sièges des rangées centrales sont disposés en vis-à-vis à l'avant et à l'arrière des zones basses, les passagers pouvant ainsi loger leurs jambes dans les zones basses.It thus becomes possible to have up to four rows of three seats without too much encroaching on the corridor for a narrow box (less than 2400 mm wide), ie twelve seats above the bogie. Two seats of each row are in this case arranged above the raised portion 126, the widest, and only one above the raised portion 128, the narrowest. In the case of a wider body (more than 2400 mm wide), it is possible to have four rows of four seats above the bogie without too much encroaching on the corridor, ie sixteen seats in total. Two seats of each row are then arranged above the raised portion 126 and two others above the raised portion 128. The seats of the central rows are arranged vis-à-vis front and rear low areas, the passengers can thus house their legs in low areas.

L'architecture du bogie permet de monter ce bogie sur la caisse soit pivotant autour d'un pivot sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan de roulement du véhicule, soit non pivotant, c'est-à-dire avec un débattement angulaire inférieur ou égal à 2° par rapport à la caisse.The architecture of the truck makes it possible to mount this bogie on the body either pivoting about a pivot substantially perpendicular to the running surface of the vehicle, or non-pivoting, that is to say with an angular displacement of less than or equal to 2 ° compared to the cashier.

Les bogies décrits ci-dessus peuvent présenter de multiples variantes.The bogies described above can have multiple variants.

Le bogie peut être un bogie porteur, c'est-à-dire dénué de moteur.The bogie can be a bogie carrier, that is to say without engine.

Le bogie peut être pivotant ou non pivotant, la largeur du couloir de circulation ménagé dans le châssis de caisse au-dessus du bogie pouvant être augmentée dans ce dernier cas.The bogie can be pivotable or non-pivoting, the width of the traffic corridor in the chassis frame above the bogie can be increased in the latter case.

Les essieux avant et arrière peuvent être du type couplé, comme décrit dans EP-0 911 239 ou du type découplé, comme décrit dans la demande de brevet portant le numéro de dépôt FR 06 00834 . Dans les deux cas, il et possible d'abaisser la hauteur du couloir de circulation en dessous de 480 mm pour des roues présentant un diamètre à neuf de 590 mm.The front and rear axles can be of the coupled type, as described in EP-0 911 239 or of the decoupled type, as described in the patent application bearing the deposit number FR 06 00834 . In both cases, it is possible to lower the height of the traffic corridor below 480 mm for wheels with a new diameter of 590 mm.

Les organes de suspension secondaires peuvent être de tout type, et comprendre des sandwichs caoutchouc/acier en chevrons ou des ressorts hélicoïdaux. Le bogie peut comprendre deux ou quatre organes de suspension secondairesThe secondary suspension members may be of any type, and include rubber / steel herringbone sandwiches or helical springs. The bogie may comprise two or four secondary suspension members

Les freins ne sont pas nécessairement des freins à disque, mais peuvent être de tout type, par exemple des freins à tambour.The brakes are not necessarily disc brakes, but can be of any type, for example drum brakes.

La traverse danseuse peut être liée au châssis de caisse par une couronne, par un pivot ou par un organe analogue.The bolster can be connected to the body frame by a ring, a pivot or a similar member.

Dans le premier mode de réalisation, le bogie peut n'être équipé de suspensions primaires basses que d'un seul côté, à droite ou à gauche.In the first embodiment, the bogie may be equipped with lower primary suspensions only one side, right or left.

Il peut ne comprendre qu'un seul moteur. Dans ce cas, les deux réducteurs sont disposés d'un même côté du bogie, vers l'extérieur du bogie par rapport aux rames, le moteur étant couplé aux deux réducteurs.It may only include one engine. In this case, the two reducers are arranged on the same side of the bogie, towards the outside of the bogie relative to the trains, the engine being coupled to the two reducers.

Dans le second mode de réalisation, le bogie peut comprendre deux moteurs, entraînant chacun les deux roues associées à un même essieu. Dans ce cas, les deux moteurs sont alignés longitudinalement entre les réducteurs.In the second embodiment, the bogie may comprise two motors, each driving the two wheels associated with the same axle. In this case, the two motors are aligned longitudinally between the gear units.

Sur la figure 14, on a représenté un véhicule ferroviaire 10 comprenant une voiture principale 201 et une voiture secondaire 202. Les caisses 12a de la voiture principale 201 et de la voiture secondaire 202 sont reliées au moyen d'un dispositif d'articulation non représenté. Deux caisses adjacentes sont séparées par un zone d'intercirculation 203. Les voitures principale 201 et secondaire 202 du véhicule sont des voitures d'extrémité du véhicule, elles comprennent des caisses d'extrémité 12a qui délimitent une portion d'un espace voyageur 18 et qui sont pourvues d'une cabine de conduite 204. Le véhicule 10 comprend un espace voyageur 18 s'étendant sur toute la longueur du véhicule entre les cabines d'extrémité.On the figure 14 , there is shown a rail vehicle 10 comprising a main car 201 and a secondary car 202. The boxes 12a of the main car 201 and the secondary car 202 are connected by means of a hinge device not shown. Two adjacent crates are separated by a gangway zone 203. The main cars 201 and 202 of the vehicle are end cars of the vehicle, they include end boxes 12a which delimit a portion of a passenger space 18 and which are provided with a driving cabin 204. The vehicle 10 comprises a passenger space 18 extending the entire length of the vehicle between the end cabins.

Sur la figure 14, le véhicule représenté est un tramway. En variante, le véhicule ferroviaire est par exemple un tram-train c'est à dire un véhicule ferroviaire péri-urbain qui est adapté pour circuler sur des voies pour tramways et pour véhicules ferroviaires régionaux.On the figure 14 , the vehicle represented is a tramway. As a variant, the rail vehicle is for example a tram-train, that is to say a peri-urban rail vehicle which is adapted to run on tramway and regional railroad tracks.

L'intercirculation 203 délimite une portion de l'espace voyageur 18.The gangway 203 delimits a portion of the passenger space 18.

La caisse 12a de la voiture principale 201 est liée à deux bogies 16, parmi lesquels un bogie d'extrémité 16a et un bogie intermédiaire 16b. La caisse 12a de la voiture secondaire 202 est liée à un unique bogie d'extrémité 16a.The body 12a of the main car 201 is connected to two bogies 16, including an end bogie 16a and an intermediate bogie 16b. The body 12a of the secondary car 202 is connected to a single end bogie 16a.

Un bogie d'extrémité 16a est un bogie du véhicule proche d'une extrémité du véhicule. Un bogie intermédiaire 16b est séparé par au moins un bogie d'extrémité 16a de chacune des deux extrémités du véhicule 10.An end bogie 16a is a bogie of the vehicle near one end of the vehicle. An intermediate bogie 16b is separated by at least one end bogie 16a from each of the two ends of the vehicle 10.

Chacun des bogies 16a, 16b du tramway 10 comprend des moyens de liaison pivot non représentés, aptes à lier le bogie 16a, 16b à la caisse 12 en dessous de laquelle il est disposé. Chacun des bogies 16a, 16b est un bogie selon l'un quelconque des modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 1 à 4 et 10. Les moyens de liaison pivot sont par exemple du type comprenant une couronne 62 et une traverse danseuse 60 ou du type comprenant un pivot 180 et une traverse danseuse 178 comme cela est expliqué en référence aux figures 1 à 4 et 10.Each of the bogies 16a, 16b of the tramway 10 comprises unrepresented pivot connection means, able to link the bogie 16a, 16b to the box 12 below which it is arranged. Each of the bogies 16a, 16b is a bogie according to any one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 and 10 . The pivot connection means are for example of the type comprising a ring 62 and a bolster 60 or of the type comprising a pivot 180 and a bolster 178 as explained with reference to the Figures 1 to 4 and 10 .

Un tel véhicule 10, équipé de bogies 16a, 16b pivotants, présente l'avantage de s'insérer aisément en courbes.Such a vehicle 10, equipped with bogies 16a, 16b pivoting, has the advantage of easily inserting curves.

Chacun des bogies 16a d'extrémité est disposé en dessous d'un espace voyageur 18. De cette manière, une ouverture 205 est installée entre chaque bogie d'extrémité 16a et la cabine de conduite 204 qui lui est adjacente. Ce mode de réalisation présente l'avantage de permettre un accès aisé aux voyageurs dans le véhicule, depuis l'extrémité du véhicule.Each of the end bogies 16a is disposed below a traveler space 18. In this manner, an opening 205 is installed between each end bogie 16a and the adjacent cab 204. This embodiment has the advantage of allowing easy access to travelers in the vehicle from the end of the vehicle.

Au moins une ouverture 205 est installée dans chaque espace formé entre deux bogies 16 adjacents.At least one opening 205 is installed in each space formed between two adjacent bogies 16.

Dans la suite des figures, les éléments identiques présentent les mêmes numéros de références que ceux des figures précédentes et ne seront pas décrits à nouveau.In the following figures, the identical elements have the same reference numbers as those of the previous figures and will not be described again.

En variante, comme représenté sur la figure 15, le tramway 10 comprend une voiture principale 201 ainsi que deux voitures secondaires 202. Deux voitures adjacentes sont reliées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'un dispositif d'articulation non représenté et séparées par une zone d'intercirculation 203. La voiture principale 201 est une voiture d'extrémité comprenant une caisse d'extrémité 12a.Alternatively, as shown on the figure 15 , the tramway 10 includes a main car 201 and two secondary cars 202. Two adjacent cars are connected to each other by means of a hinge device not shown and separated by a gangway area 203. The main car 201 is an end car comprising an end box 12a.

Une des voitures secondaire 202 est une voiture d'extrémité comprenant une caisse d'extrémité 12a, et l'autre voiture secondaire 202 est une voiture intermédiaire qui comprend une caisse intermédiaire 12b délimitant un espace voyageur et dépourvue de cabine de conduite 204. Les ouvertures 205 d'extrémité du véhicule sont formées dans les parois latérales de chaque cabine 204. Une ouverture 205 est formée dans chaque cabine.One of the secondary cars 202 is an end car comprising an end box 12a, and the other secondary car 202 is an intermediate car which comprises an intermediate box 12b delimiting a passenger compartment and without a driver's cab 204. The openings 205 end of the vehicle are formed in the side walls of each cabin 204. An opening 205 is formed in each cabin.

En variante, dans des modes de réalisation non représentés, le tramway comprend une voiture principale 201 et plus de deux voitures secondaires 202.Alternatively, in embodiments not shown, the tram comprises a main car 201 and more than two secondary cars 202.

En variante comme représenté sur la figure 16, une partie de chaque bogie d'extrémité 16a du véhicule 10 est disposé dans l'emprise au sol de la cabine de conduite 204. Sur la figure 16, chacun des bogies d'extrémité 16a du tramway 10 est disposé en partie en dessous de la cabine de conduite 204 et en partie en dessous d'une portion de l'espace voyageurs 18 de la caisse d'extrémité 12a sous laquelle il est disposé.Alternatively as shown on the figure 16 a part of each end bogie 16a of the vehicle 10 is disposed in the footprint of the driver's cab 204. figure 16 , each of the end bogies 16a of the tramway 10 is disposed partly below the driver's cab 204 and partly below a portion of the passenger space 18 of the end box 12a under which it is arranged .

Plus précisément, les roues avant 24 de chaque bogie d'extrémité sont disposées sous une cabine 204 et les roues arrière 26 sont disposées sous l'espace voyageur 18.More specifically, the front wheels 24 of each end bogie are arranged under a cabin 204 and the rear wheels 26 are arranged under the passenger compartment 18.

Ce mode de réalisation présente l'avantage de garantir une bonne insertion en courbes du véhicule, chaque bogie d'extrémité 16b étant disposé près de l'extrémité du véhicule 10.This embodiment has the advantage of guaranteeing a good insertion into curves of the vehicle, each end bogie 16b being disposed near the end of the vehicle 10.

Sur la figure 17, on a représenté un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention. Un véhicule ferroviaire 10 dans lequel la voiture principale 201 est une voiture intermédiaire. Ce mode de réalisation présente l'avantage de garantir une bonne répartition de la masse du véhicule sur les essieux des bogies 16a, 16b. Dans ce mode de réalisation, les bogies d'extrémité 16a sont disposés au droit de portions de l'espace voyageur 18 s'étendant dans les voitures secondaires 202 d'extrémité.On the figure 17 a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown. A rail vehicle 10 in which the main car 201 is an intermediate car. This embodiment has the advantage of ensuring a good distribution of the mass of the vehicle on the axles of the bogies 16a, 16b. In this embodiment, the end bogies 16a are arranged at the right portions of the passenger space 18 extending in the end cars 202 end.

Sur la figure 18, on a représenté une vue de dessus de l'aménagement intérieur du tramway 10 de la figure 17 équipé de bogies 16a, 16b selon le premier mode de réalisation illustré par les figures 1 à 4.On the figure 18 , there is shown a top view of the interior of the tramway 10 of the figure 17 equipped with bogies 16a, 16b according to the first embodiment illustrated by the Figures 1 to 4 .

La caisse comprend au dessus de chacun des bogies 16a, 16b, deux zones surélevées 126 et 128, une partie basse 130 entre les deux zones surélevées 126 et 128, comme le montre également la figure 1.The body comprises above each of the bogies 16a, 16b, two raised zones 126 and 128, a lower portion 130 between the two raised zones 126 and 128, as also shown in FIG. figure 1 .

Des sièges 20 sont disposés dans chacune des zones hautes 126 et 128, comme représenté sur la figure 1.Seats 20 are disposed in each of the upper zones 126 and 128, as shown in FIG. figure 1 .

La partie basse 130 forme un couloir de circulation à l'intérieur des caisses 12a, 12b, ce couloir étant sensiblement parallèle à la direction principale, à savoir la direction longitudinale du véhicule. La partie basse 130 comprend un plancher 132 qui sera décrit plus précisément par la suite.The lower part 130 forms a circulation corridor inside the boxes 12a, 12b, this corridor being substantially parallel to the main direction, namely the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. The lower part 130 comprises a floor 132 which will be described more precisely later.

Le véhicule 10 comprend un couloir de circulation 230 du véhicule s'étendant sur toute la longueur de l'espace voyageurs 18.The vehicle 10 comprises a traffic corridor 230 of the vehicle extending over the entire length of the passenger compartment 18.

Le plancher 232 du couloir de circulation 230 comprend des zones de plancher 132 disposées au droit des bogies 16a, 16b et dont une est représentée sur la figure 19.The floor 232 of the circulation corridor 230 comprises floor zones 132 arranged at the right of the bogies 16a, 16b and one of which is shown in FIG. figure 19 .

Le plancher 232 comprend également des zones de plancher intermédiaires 233 situées en dehors des zones de des caisses 12a, 12b disposées au droit des bogies 16a, 16b.The floor 232 also includes intermediate floor zones 233 located outside the zones of boxes 12a, 12b arranged in line with the bogies 16a, 16b.

On a représenté sur la figure 19, une partie du plancher 232 s'étendant au droit d'un bogie intermédiaire 16b, entre les plans verticaux M et N, et dans son voisinage entre les plans verticaux A et M et N et B. Chacun des plans A, B, M et N s'étend verticalement dans la direction transversale du véhicule et est représenté sur la figure 18.We have shown on the figure 19 , a part of the floor 232 extending to the right of an intermediate bogie 16b, between the vertical planes M and N, and in its vicinity between the vertical planes A and M and N and B. Each of the planes A, B, M and N extends vertically in the transverse direction of the vehicle and is represented on the figure 18 .

Le plancher 132 du couloir 130 agencé au droit du bogie intermédiaire 16b, comprend une zone haute 132a plane, s'étendant longitudinalement entre deux bords B1 et B2. Chacun des bords B1 et B2 s'étend de façon sensiblement horizontale, dans la direction transversale du tramway 10.The floor 132 of the corridor 130 arranged at the right of the intermediate bogie 16b, comprises a high area 132a flat, extending longitudinally between two edges B1 and B2. Each of the edges B1 and B2 extends substantially horizontally in the transverse direction of the tramway 10.

Le véhicule 10 présente des roues 24, 26, neuves d'un diamètre de 590 mm. Par conséquent, la portion 132a s'étend à une hauteur d'environ 480 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16 lorsque la roue est neuve.The vehicle 10 has wheels 24, 26, new with a diameter of 590 mm. Therefore, the portion 132a extends to a height of about 480 mm with respect to the running surface of the truck 16 when the wheel is new.

Pour un véhicule présentant des roues de diamètre de 640 mm à neuf, la zone haute 132a plane s'étendant à une hauteur d'environ 520 mm, par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie 16 lorsque la roue est neuve.For a vehicle having wheels with a diameter of 640 mm to nine, the high area 132a plane extending to a height of about 520 mm, with respect to the running surface of the truck 16 when the wheel is new.

Ceci est rendu possible par le fait que chacun des bogies 16 du tramway comprend des suspensions primaires 33 basses telles que décrites précédemment.This is made possible by the fact that each of the bogies 16 of the tram includes low primary suspensions 33 as described above.

Le couloir 230 présente une largeur comprise entre 600 et 800 mm.The corridor 230 has a width of between 600 and 800 mm.

Chacun des deux bords B1 et B2 est disposé à l'intérieur de l'espace formé, au droit du bogie 16b, par les essieux avant 36 et arrière 46 du bogie 16b. La position des essieux 36, 46 est représentée en traits pointillés sur la figure 19.Each of the two edges B1 and B2 is disposed within the space formed, right of the bogie 16b, by the front axles 36 and rear 46 of the truck 16b. The position of the axles 36, 46 is shown in dotted lines on the figure 19 .

Le plancher 132 du couloir 130 comprend également deux zones d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" s'étendant chacune entre un dés bords B1, B2 et une des extrémités du bogie 16b représentées par les plans M et N. Les deux zones d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" jouxtent la zone haute 132a et s'étendent de part et d'autre de la zone haute dans la direction longitudinale.The floor 132 of the corridor 130 also comprises two end zones 132b 'and 132b "each extending between one edge edges B1, B2 and one end of the bogie 16b represented by the M and N planes. The two end zones 132b 'and 132b "abut the high zone 132a and extend on either side of the upper zone in the longitudinal direction.

Chacune des zones d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" forme une rampe longitudinale en pente descendante depuis la zone haute 132a vers une zone de plancher intermédiaire 233.Each of the end zones 132b 'and 132b "forms a downwardly sloping longitudinal ramp from the high zone 132a to an intermediate floor zone 233.

Chacune des zones d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" fait partie d'une rampe longitudinale 240' et 240" continue, c'est à dire sans discontinuité de pente.Each of the end zones 132b 'and 132b "is part of a longitudinal ramp 240' and 240" continuous, that is to say without discontinuity of slope.

Les rampes 240' et 240" comprennent respectivement les zones d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" et se prolongent chacune continûment, dans la direction longitudinale, en dehors plancher 132. Ces rampes sont donc formées à la fois de zones de plancher d'extrémité 132b' et 132b" et de parties du plancher intermédiaire 233.The ramps 240 'and 240 "respectively comprise the end zones 132b' and 132b" and each extend continuously, in the longitudinal direction, outside the floor 132. These ramps are therefore formed at the times of end floor areas 132b 'and 132b "and portions of intermediate floor 233.

Ces rampes 240' et 240" sont représentées en traits hachurés dans le sens longitudinal sur la figure 19.These ramps 240 'and 240 "are represented in hatched lines in the longitudinal direction on the figure 19 .

Les rampes 240' et 240" ont des pentes longitudinales inférieures à 8%. Chaque rampe 240' et 240" est adaptée pour relier une zone haute 132a à une zone de plancher bas 241 de plancher intermédiaire 233. La pente faible des rampes 240' et 240" permet aux voyageurs, notamment aux voyageurs à mobilité réduite, de circuler librement sur toute la longueur du véhicule.Ramps 240 'and 240 "have longitudinal slopes of less than 8% Each ramp 240' and 240" is adapted to connect a high zone 132a to a low floor area 241 of intermediate floor 233. The low slope of ramps 240 ' and 240 "allows travelers, including passengers with reduced mobility, to travel freely along the entire length of the vehicle.

Les zones de plancher bas 241 sont des zones dans lesquelles le plancher est disposé à une hauteur maximale est de 370 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, lorsque le véhicule comprend des roues 24, 26 d'un diamètre à neuf de 590 mm.The low floor areas 241 are zones in which the floor is disposed at a maximum height is 370 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, when the vehicle comprises wheels 24, 26 with a new diameter of 590 mm. .

Les zones de plancher bas 241 sont des zones dans lesquelles le plancher est disposé à une hauteur maximale est de 405 mm par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, lorsque le véhicule comprend des roues 24, 26 d'un diamètre à neuf de 640 mm.The low floor zones 241 are zones in which the floor is disposed at a maximum height is 405 mm with respect to the running surface of the bogie, when the vehicle comprises wheels 24, 26 with a new diameter of 640 mm. .

Sur la figure 19, on a représenté une zone de plancher bas 241, de part et d'autre du bogie 16b, s'étendant dans une intercirculation 203 et au delà de l'intercirculation et une zone de plancher bas 241 s'étendant derrière deux portes 205 latérales se faisant face. La zone de plancher bas 241 s'étendant dans l'intercirculation est plane. La zone de plancher bas 241 s'étendant entre les deux portes latérales 205 se faisant face, comprend une zone basse plane 242 et deux zones basses en rampe 243.On the figure 19 , there is shown a low floor zone 241, on either side of the bogie 16b, extending in a gangway 203 and beyond the gangway and a low floor area 241 extending behind two side doors 205 facing each other The low floor area 241 extending into the gangway is planar. The low floor area 241 extending between the two side doors 205 facing each other comprises a flat low area 242 and two low ramp areas 243.

Une zone basse en rampe 243 est une rampe transversale s'étendant entre la zone basse plane 242 et le seuil d'une porte d'accès 205. Ces rampes sont représentées en traits hachurés transversaux sur la figure 19.A low ramp zone 243 is a transverse ramp extending between the low plane zone 242 and the threshold of an access door 205. These ramps are represented in transverse hatched lines on the figure 19 .

Ces rampes transversales présentent des pentes transversales descendantes inférieures à 8%, depuis la zone basse plane 242 vers les seuils des portes 205.These transverse ramps have descending transverse slopes of less than 8%, from the low plane zone 242 to the thresholds of the doors 205.

Le seuil d'accès d'une porte 205 est situé à une hauteur d'au plus 335 mm pour un véhicule supporté par des bogies 16a, 16b présentant des roues de diamètre neuf de 590 mm.The access threshold of a door 205 is located at a height of at most 335 mm for a vehicle supported by bogies 16a, 16b having wheels with a new diameter of 590 mm.

Le seuil d'accès d'une porte 205 est situé à une hauteur d'au plus 370 mm pour un bogie pour un véhicule supporté par des bogies 16a, 16b présentant des roues de diamètre neuf de 640 mm.The access threshold of a door 205 is located at a height of at most 370 mm for a bogie for a vehicle supported by bogies 16a, 16b having wheels with a new diameter of 640 mm.

Lorsque un bogie intermédiaire 16b est agencé, comme représenté sur la figure 16, à côté d'une portion de la zone voyageur 18 dont les parois latérales sont dépourvues de porte d'accès, une zone de plancher bas 241 disposé dans une telle portion du véhicule 10 est de préférence plane et s'étend sur toute la longueur séparant les deux portions de parois latérales se faisant face.When an intermediate truck 16b is arranged, as shown in FIG. figure 16 , next to a portion of the traveling area 18 whose side walls have no access door, a low floor area 241 disposed in such a portion of the vehicle 10 is preferably flat and extends over the entire length separating the two portions of side walls facing each other.

Dans le cas d'un bogie d'extrémité 16a disposé juste derrière la cabine, comme représenté sur la figure 17, la zone de plancher 132 comprend une zone haute 132a et une zone d'extrémité 132b' formant une rampe apte à relier la zone haute 132a à une zone de plancher bas 241 de l'espace voyageur 18. La zone de plancher 132 comprend également une zone d'extrémité 132b" formant une rampe apte à relier la zone haute 132a à la paroi séparant la cabine de l'espace voyageur 18.In the case of an end bogie 16a disposed just behind the cab, as shown in FIG. figure 17 , the floor zone 132 comprises an upper zone 132a and an end zone 132b 'forming a ramp capable of connecting the high zone 132a to a low floor zone 241 of the traveling space 18. The floor zone 132 also comprises an end zone 132b "forming a ramp capable of connecting the high zone 132a to the wall separating the cabin from the passenger space 18.

En variante, la zone d'extrémité 132b" est plane.In a variant, the end zone 132b "is flat.

En variante, lorsque le véhicule est équipé d'un moteur selon le second mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 6, le plancher 130 présente une largeur moins importante et la zone haute 132a est agencé à une hauteur plus importante par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie, comme cela est expliqué précédemment.Alternatively, when the vehicle is equipped with a motor according to the second embodiment shown in the figure 6 , the floor 130 has a smaller width and the high area 132a is arranged at a greater height relative to the rolling plane of the bogie, as explained above.

Un véhicule 10 équipé de bogies 16a, 16b selon l'un des modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 1 à 4 présente l'avantage de pouvoir présenter un nombre variable de bogies motorisés, en fonction des performances dynamiques souhaitées par le client et ce, sans modifier la structure interne du véhicule et plus particulièrement, sans modifier les largeurs et hauteurs des couloirs 130 disposés au dessus des bogies. En effet comme explicité en référence aux figures 1 à 3, les bogies 16a, 16b motorisés, permettent d'aménager au dessus d'un tel bogie un plancher d'une largeur et une hauteur identiques à celles pouvant être aménagés au dessus d'un bogie non motorisé de même structure tel que représenté sur la figure 3.A vehicle 10 equipped with bogies 16a, 16b according to one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 has the advantage of being able to present a variable number of motorized bogies, depending on the dynamic performance desired by the customer and without changing the internal structure of the vehicle and more particularly, without changing the widths and heights of the corridors 130 disposed above the bogies. Indeed as explained with reference to Figures 1 to 3 the motorized bogies 16a and 16b make it possible to build above such a bogie a floor of the same width and height as those which can be fitted over a non-motorized bogie of the same structure as shown in FIG. figure 3 .

Les tramways 10 représentés sur les figures 15 à 17 sont des tramways 10 à plancher bas, lorsqu'ils sont supportés par des bogies 16a, 16b, selon l'un des modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 1 à 4 et 10.The trams 10 represented on the Figures 15 to 17 are low-floor trams 10 when supported by bogies 16a, 16b, according to one of the embodiments shown in FIGS. Figures 1 to 4 and 10 .

Par véhicule à plancher bas, on entend un véhicule dont le plancher ne comprend pas de marches et comprend des rampes inférieures à 8%. Un tel plancher permet aux voyageurs de pénétrer aisément dans le véhicule et de se déplacer aisément sur toute la longueur de l'espace voyageur.Low floor vehicle means a vehicle whose floor does not include steps and includes ramps of less than 8%. Such a floor allows travelers to easily enter the vehicle and move easily along the entire length of the passenger area.

Plus particulièrement, dans le cas d'un véhicule équipé de bogies pivotants 16a, 16b, le plancher du véhicule comprend au moins une zone haute 132a disposée au dessus d'au moins bogie 16a, 16b, la zone haute 132a étant disposée à un niveau inférieur de 70 mm à 120 mm à celui du sommet des roues 24, 26 du bogie par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie. Une telle zone haute 132a présente une largeur comprise entre 600 et 800 mm que les bogies soient motorisés ou non.More particularly, in the case of a vehicle equipped with pivoting bogies 16a, 16b, the floor of the vehicle comprises at least one high zone 132a disposed above at least one bogie 16a, 16b, the upper zone 132a being disposed at a level 70 mm to 120 mm below that of the top of the wheels 24, 26 of the bogie relative to the rolling plane of the bogie. Such a high zone 132a has a width of between 600 and 800 mm, whether the bogies are motorized or not.

La hauteur du sommet des roues du bogie par rapport au plan de roulement du bogie est égal au diamètre desdites roues.The height of the top of the wheels of the bogie relative to the rolling plane of the bogie is equal to the diameter of said wheels.

Ainsi, l'utilisation des bogies selon les modes de réalisation représentés sur les figures 1 à 4 et 10, présente l'avantage de permettre l'installation de bogies ayant des roues de taille normale, c'est à dire présentant un diamètre à neuf compris entre 590 et 640 mm tout en conservant un plancher bas.Thus, the use of the bogies according to the embodiments represented on the Figures 1 to 4 and 10 , has the advantage of allowing the installation of bogies with wheels of normal size, that is to say having a new diameter of between 590 and 640 mm while maintaining a low floor.

Dans un tel véhicule 10, les zones de plancher planes, se trouvant à des hauteurs différentes par rapport au rail, sont reliées par des rampes longitudinales dont les pentes sont inférieures à 8 %.In such a vehicle 10, the flat floor areas, at different heights relative to the rail, are connected by longitudinal ramps whose slopes are less than 8%.

On comprend aisément que les descriptions de l'agencement du plancher du tramway représenté sur la figure 17 est également valable pour les autres variantes de ce véhicule.It is easy to understand that the descriptions of the arrangement of the floor of the tramway shown on the figure 17 also applies to other variants of this vehicle.

Claims (22)

  1. Railway vehicle (10) comprising a plurality of bogies (16a, 16b), each bogie comprising:
    - a chassis (22);
    - two front wheels (24) and two rear wheels (26);
    - for each front wheel (24) and each rear wheel (26), guidance means (32, 38, 48) for guiding said wheel in rotation and a primary suspension device (33) of the chassis (22) on said guidance means (32, 38, 48);
    characterised in that at least the primary suspension devices (33) associated with the front and rear wheels (24, 26) arranged on the same first lateral side of the bogie (16) each comprise:
    - two longitudinal connecting rods (91, 92), each connected by a first connection point (94, 96) to the chassis (22), and by a second connection point (98, 100) to the corresponding guidance means (32),
    - at least one resilient component (102) inserted between the two connecting rods (91, 92) to define at least the vertical stiffness of the primary suspension device (33),
    the two connecting rods (90, 91) being offset longitudinally relative to one another,
    and in that each of the bogies (16a, 16b) comprises pivot connection means (60, 62; 178, 180) suitable for connecting the bogie (16a, 16b) to said railway vehicle (10).
  2. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the two connecting rods (91, 92) of each of said primary suspension devices (33) of each bogie (16a, 16b) are arranged at a vertical level lower than the highest point (104) of the corresponding guidance means (32).
  3. Railway vehicle (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that each primary suspension device (33) of each bogie (16a, 16b) is arranged towards the inside of the bogie (16) relative to the associated wheel (24, 26).
  4. Railway vehicle (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b).
  5. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 4, characterised in that the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) comprises at least one motor (28, 30) and a device (29, 31) suitable for coupling in rotation at least one wheel (24, 26) of the bogie (16) to the motor (28, 30), the or each motor (28, 30) and the coupling device (29, 31) being arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24, 26).
  6. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 4, characterised in that the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) comprises two motors (28, 30) and two devices (29, 31) each suitable for coupling in rotation a pair of wheels (24, 26) of the bogie (16) to a motor (28, 30), one of the two motors (30) and one of the two coupling devices (31) being arranged towards the outside of the bogie (16) relative to the wheels (24, 26) situated on the first lateral side of the bogie, the other of the two motors (28) and the other of the two coupling devices (29) being arranged towards the outside of the bogie relative to the wheels (24, 26) situated opposite the first lateral side of the bogie.
  7. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 6, characterised in that one of the two motors (28) of the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) is coupled to the two front wheels (24) and the other of the two motors (30) is coupled to the two rear wheels (26).
  8. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim, characterised in that the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) comprises at least one motor (150), coupling means (29) of the front wheels (24) to the or a motor (150), and coupling means (31) of the rear wheels (26) to the or a motor (150), the or each motor (150) and the front and rear coupling means (29, 31) being arranged between, on the one hand, a median longitudinal plane (P1) of the two front wheels (24) and a median plane of the two rear wheels (26) and, on the other hand, a longitudinal plane (P2) passing through the front wheel (24) and the rear wheel (26) situated on the second lateral side of the bogie (16).
  9. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 8, characterised in that the at least one bogie (16a, 16b) the front and rear coupling means (29, 31) of the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) are arranged in positions symmetrical to one another relative to a median transverse plane (P3) of the front and rear wheels (24, 26).
  10. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 9, characterised in that the at least one powered bogie (16a, 16b) comprises a single driving motor (150) aligned longitudinally between the front and rear coupling means (29, 31).
  11. Railway vehicle (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said vehicle (10) comprises a series of carriages (201, 202) each comprising a body (12a, 12b), each body (12a, 12b) being connected to at least one bogie (16a, 16b).
  12. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 11, characterised in that it comprises a principal carriage (201) of which the body (12a, 12b) is connected to two bogies (16a, 16b) and at least one secondary carriage (202) of which the body (12a, 12b) is connected to a bogie (16a, 16b).
  13. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 12, characterised in that the principal carriage (201) is an end carriage of the vehicle (10) comprising an end body (12a) delimiting a portion of a passenger space (18) and being equipped with a driver's cab (204).
  14. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 12, characterised in that the principal carriage (201) is an intermediate carriage of the vehicle (10) comprising an intermediate body (12b) delimiting a portion of a passenger space (18).
  15. Railway vehicle (10) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that it comprises two end bogies (16a), and in that at least a portion of each of the two end bogies (16a) is arranged with the ground area occupied by a driver's cab (204).
  16. Railway vehicle (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that said vehicle (10) delimits a passenger space (18) and comprises a floor (232) with no steps, said floor (232) extending over the entire length of said passenger space (18) and comprising ramps with slopes of less than 8 %.
  17. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 16, characterised in that said floor (232) comprises, above at least one bogie (16a, 16b), a circulation corridor (130) extending over the entire length of said bogie (16a, 16b) and with a width of between 600 mm and 800 mm, the circulation corridor (130) being formed between a first raised portion (126) above the right front (24) and rear (26) wheels and a second raised portion (128) above the left front (24) and rear (26) wheels, the raised portions (126) and (128) extending parallel to the principal direction over the entire length of the bogie (16a, 16b), the circulation corridor (130) comprising a floor (132) comprising a high flat zone (132a), said high zone (132a) being arranged at a height of between 70 mm and 120 mm below the height of the highest point of the wheels (24, 26) relative to the rolling plane of the bogie.
  18. Railway vehicle according to claim 17, characterised in that said high zone (132a) extends above the space bounded by the front (36) and rear (46) axles of the bogie (16a, 16b).
  19. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that the floor (132) of the corridor (130) arranged above said at least one bogie (16a, 16b) comprises at least one end zone (132b', 132b") adjoining the high zone (132a), the end zone (132b', 132b") forming a descending ramp with a slope of less than 8 % in the principal direction, said end ramp (132', 132") being comprised in a continuous longitudinal ramp (240', 240") suitable for connecting the high zone (132a) to a low floor zone (241) of the intermediate floor (233)
  20. Railway vehicle (10) according to claim 19, characterised in that the low floor zones (241) have a maximum height of between 400 mm and 480 mm, relative to the rolling plane of the bogie, for wheels with a diameter when new of 590 mm and have a maximum height of between 440 mm and 520 mm, relative to the rolling plane of the bogie, for wheels with a diameter when new of 640 mm.
  21. Railway vehicle according to claim 19, characterised in that it comprises at least one bogie (16a, 16b) comprising a first end zone (132b') and a second end zone (132b") arranged on either side of the high zone (132a) in the longitudinal direction.
  22. Railway vehicle according to any one of claims 19 to 21, characterised in that all the intermediate bogies of the vehicle (16b) and/or all the end bogies (16a) of the vehicle (10) are arranged below a passenger zone (18) and between two portions of a passenger zone (18) comprise a first end zone (132') and a second end zone (132b") arranged on either side of the high zone (132a) in the longitudinal direction.
EP08787999.5A 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies Active EP2142411B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08787999T PL2142411T3 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0754306A FR2914609B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2007-04-05 BOGIE FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE
PCT/FR2008/050440 WO2008132360A1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2142411A1 EP2142411A1 (en) 2010-01-13
EP2142411B1 true EP2142411B1 (en) 2014-07-02

Family

ID=38670831

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08787999.5A Active EP2142411B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle including pivoted bogies
EP08788001.9A Active EP2142412B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Bogie for railway vehicle
EP08799840A Active EP2132080B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle comprising pivoting end bogies

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08788001.9A Active EP2142412B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Bogie for railway vehicle
EP08799840A Active EP2132080B1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-14 Railway vehicle comprising pivoting end bogies

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (3) US8365675B2 (en)
EP (3) EP2142411B1 (en)
KR (3) KR101456595B1 (en)
CN (3) CN101678841B (en)
AT (1) ATE521515T1 (en)
CA (3) CA2682931C (en)
ES (3) ES2372560T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2914609B1 (en)
PL (3) PL2142411T3 (en)
WO (3) WO2008132360A1 (en)

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CA2682931A1 (en) 2008-11-06
CA2682001C (en) 2016-05-03
CA2682931C (en) 2015-12-15
WO2008129205A1 (en) 2008-10-30
KR101465146B1 (en) 2014-12-04
PL2142412T3 (en) 2015-12-31
EP2132080B1 (en) 2011-08-24
FR2914609B1 (en) 2009-07-10
ES2372560T3 (en) 2012-01-23
CA2683119A1 (en) 2008-10-30
ES2497500T3 (en) 2014-09-23
KR101456595B1 (en) 2014-11-12
ATE521515T1 (en) 2011-09-15
US20100132585A1 (en) 2010-06-03
EP2142412B1 (en) 2015-07-01
CN101678843B (en) 2011-08-10
FR2914609A1 (en) 2008-10-10
WO2008132360A1 (en) 2008-11-06
US8381659B2 (en) 2013-02-26
KR20100016241A (en) 2010-02-12
EP2142411A1 (en) 2010-01-13
WO2008132361A1 (en) 2008-11-06
KR20090130078A (en) 2009-12-17
KR101487792B1 (en) 2015-01-29
US20100186620A1 (en) 2010-07-29
CA2683119C (en) 2016-02-09
CN101678843A (en) 2010-03-24
EP2132080A1 (en) 2009-12-16
PL2142411T3 (en) 2014-12-31
CN101678841B (en) 2011-08-17
CN101678842A (en) 2010-03-24
US8371234B2 (en) 2013-02-12
PL2132080T3 (en) 2012-02-29
US20100083866A1 (en) 2010-04-08
ES2547491T3 (en) 2015-10-06
CA2682001A1 (en) 2008-11-06
KR20100016242A (en) 2010-02-12
US8365675B2 (en) 2013-02-05
CN101678842B (en) 2011-08-17
EP2142412A1 (en) 2010-01-13
CN101678841A (en) 2010-03-24

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