EP2110062A2

EP2110062A2 - Vacuum cleaner

Info

Publication number: EP2110062A2
Application number: EP09158024A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Andrew Walker
Original assignee: Black and Decker Inc
Current assignee: Black and Decker Inc
Priority date: 2008-04-18
Filing date: 2009-04-16
Publication date: 2009-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-16
Also published as: GB2459300A; AU2009201093A1; GB2459300B; EP2110062A3; EP2110062B1; AU2009201093B2; US20090260179A1; GB0807097D0

Abstract

A portable vacuum cleaner (1) has a fan (7) which draws air inwards through an inlet duct (11) and an inlet (12) to a coarse filter element (13). Larger dirt particles are trapped within the coarse filter element (13), and the filtered air passes through a fine filter element (15) and into the fan (7), where it is expelled through an outlet duct (17) and an outlet aperture (18).
The coarse filter element (13) can be removed and emptied; its removal causing bristles of a brush (20) mounted thereto to displace dirt particles from the fine fitter element (15).

Description

The present invention relates to vacuum cleaners, and relates particularly, but not exclusively, to portable vacuum cleaners.
Portable vacuum cleaners are known in which a fan mounted in the housing of the vacuum cleaner causes suction of air into an intake in the housing and expulsion of air from an exhaust in the housing. Air drawn through the vacuum cleaner in this way is passed through a dual filter arrangement consisting of a convex coarse filter element comprising a screen of durable plastics material having a large number of small apertures and defining a recess which contains a fine filter element in the form of a fine filter medium such as fibrous paper which is crimped or undulated to maximise its effective surface area in relation to its volume. Large particles of dirt travelling in the stream of air from the inlet towards the outlet are trapped on the outer surface of the coarse filter element, and finer dirt particles which pass through the coarse filter element are trapped on the fine filter element.
Prior art vacuum cleaners of this type suffer from the drawback that although provision is made for emptying larger dirt particles from the first, coarse filter element, the fine filter element must normally operate until it becomes filled with dirt and dust, and must then be replaced. There is generally no provision for emptying the fine filter element of dirt and dust until it becomes necessary to replace that filter element.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention seek to overcome the above disadvantages of the prior art.
According to the present invention there is provided a vacuum cleaner comprising:-

at least one inlet for allowing entry of air;
at least one outlet for allowing exit of air;
suction means for generating a difference in air pressure between the or each said inlet and the or each said outlet;
first filter means for at least partially removing particles larger than a first particle size from air flowing from at least one said inlet to at least one said outlet; and
second filter means for at least partially removing particles larger than a second particle size, smaller than said first particle size, from air flowing from said first filter means to at least one said outlet;
wherein said first filter means comprises at least one removable first filter element having at least one cleaning member mounted thereto and adapted to engage said second filter means, such that removal of the or each said removable first filter element having at least one cleaning member mounted thereto causes the or each corresponding cleaning member to remove particles trapped on said second filter means.

By providing at least one cleaning member mounted to at least one removable first filter element such that the or each cleaning member engages the second filter means, this provides the advantage that removal of a removable first filter element having at least one cleaning member mounted thereto (e.g. for emptying of dirt therefrom) automatically removes some of the dirt from the second filter means at the same time. This in turn provides the advantage of prolonging the useful lifetime of the second filter means.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one said cleaning member comprises a brush.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one first filter element defines a respective recess therein for collecting particles therein, and said second filter means is arranged outwardly of at least one said first filter element.
By providing at least one first filter element defining a respective recess therein for collecting particles, this provides the advantage that by collecting particles on the inside of at least one said first filter element, the surface area of the or each first filter element can be increased, together with the volume of the corresponding particle collection recess, and no reduction of the particle storage space available within the vacuum cleaner results, which would be the case with prior art arrangements in which dirt is collected on the outside of a convex filter element. Also, by collecting particles in the interior of a recess defined by the or each said first filter element, this provides the advantage of enabling dirt collected in the recess to be more effectively confined and therefore more tidily removed from the vacuum cleaner.
At least one said first filter element may have a concave inner surface.
This provides the advantage of reducing the instances of incoming particles becoming stuck to the first filter element.
At least one said first filter element may comprise a screen having apertures therein.
At least one said filter element may comprise a mesh.
The vacuum cleaner is preferably adapted to be opened to allow emptying of particles from said first filter means.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one said first filter element is elongate and adapted to receive air adjacent a first end thereof and having a component of motion from said first end towards a second end thereof.
This provides the advantage of causing air to have a component of motion axially along at least one said first filter element, as a result of which that filter element tends to fill up with dirt from one end. Since the filter element may become blocked in those regions where it fills with particles, the tendency of an incoming air stream to disturb particles already collected in the interior of a said first filter element is thereby reduced. In addition, this at the same time provides the advantage giving an indication when a said first filter element needs to be emptied, since the first filter element will no longer be effective.
The second filter means may comprise at least one second filter element,
wherein at least one said second filter element is undulated.
This provides the advantage of increasing the effective surface area of the second filter means for a given volume of filter element.
At least one said cleaning member may engage undulations in at least one said second filter member.
The suction means may comprise a fan for displacing air towards the or each said outlet.
The vacuum cleaner is preferably portable.
In a preferred embodiment, at least one said first filter element is elongate, and the vacuum cleaner in use directs air in a helical path over a surface of said elongate first filter element.
This provides the advantage of directing incoming air onto as large a proportion of the surface area of the filter element as possible, and not just over that part of the surface area facing towards the direction of the incoming air. This in turn provides the advantage of maximising the efficiency of the first filter means.
The vacuum cleaner may further comprise at least one inlet duct for introducing air to at least one said first filter element having a component of movement transverse to the longitudinal axis of said first filter element.
The vacuum cleaner may further comprise outlet duct means at least partially surrounding said first and second filter means, for directing air from said second filter means to at least one said outlet.
This provides the advantage of enabling the cross-sectional area of the airstream passing out of the outlet or outlets to be made larger than that of the airstream received from the inlet or inlets, as a result of which the velocity of air passing out of the outlets can be minimised. This is particularly advantageous in the case of suffers from asthma or other allergies, since the amount of dust blown towards a user of the vacuum cleaner by exhausted air is minimised. Furthermore, by providing outlet duct means which at least partially surrounds said first and second filter means, this provides the advantage of enabling the vacuum cleaner to still be made of compact construction.
Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only and not in any limitative sense, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a portable vacuum cleaner of a first embodiment of the present invention in a closed condition thereof;
Figure 2 is a view along the line B-B of the portable vacuum cleaner of Figure 1 in an open condition thereof;
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional end view of portable vacuum cleaner of a second embodiment of the present invention; and
Figure 4 is a view along the line A-A in Figure 3.

Referring to Figure 1, a portable vacuum cleaner 1 comprises a housing 2 of durable plastics material and consisting of a main part 3 to which a rear part 4 is pivotally attached by means of a hinge 5.
A diffuser 6 is mounted within the main part 3 of housing 2 and has a fan 7 mounted at the end thereof remote from the rear part 4 of housing 2. The fan 7 is powered by an electric motor 8 to displace air radially outwards through apertures 9.
The main part 3 of housing 2 has an intake 10 at a front end thereof for receiving air into an inlet duct 11 which directs air through 180° into inlet 12 of a removable first, coarse filter element 13 in the form of a generally cylindrical cup, closed at one end thereof, and provided with suitably sized holes 14. The cup is made of any suitable material which will be well known to persons skilled in the art, such as durable plastics or metal, and is designed to trap larger particles of dirt in its interior.
A brush 20 is mounted to the closed end of coarse filter element 13. The brush 20 has bristles extending outwardly of the longitudinal axis of the coarse filter element 13.
The coarse filter element 13 is surrounded by a generally cylindrical second, fine filter element 15 of fibrous paper or textile material, which is pleated to maximise the effective surface area of the filter element 15 in relation to its volume. The bristles of brush 20 fit within the pleats of fine filter element 15. The fine filter element 15 is sealed at the end thereof remote from fan 7 to the coarse filter element 13, and is surrounded by a chamber 16 which is sealed to an input of the fan 7. This ensures that air passing through the fine filter element 15 enters the fan 7.
The apertures 9 of fan 7 direct air radially outwards and then along an annular outlet duct 17, formed by the space between the inner wall of diffuser 6 and outer wall of chamber 16, to a series of exhaust outlets 18 in the rear part 4 of housing 2.
The operation of the vacuum cleaner 1 shown in Figure 1 will now be described.
When the fan 7 is actuated by means of motor 8, air is displaced outwards through apertures 9 along outlet duct 17 and exhausted through outlet apertures 18. As a result, air is drawn into the fan 7 through intake 10, along inlet duct 11, and into inlet 12 of coarse filter element 13, where large particles contained in the air are trapped by holes 14.
Air passing out of coarse filter element 13 is then drawn through fine filter element 15, where smaller particles are removed, and is then drawn into fan 7 and expelled from apertures 9 and along outlet duct 17. As can be seen from Figure 1, because the air stream through coarse filter element 13 has a significant axial component, the coarse filter element 13 fills up from its end remote from the rear part 4 of housing 2, i.e. it fills up from its downstream end. This means that dirt collected in the interior of coarse filter element 13 is not disturbed of otherwise displaced by incoming air.
By constructing an annular exhaust aperture 18 that surrounds the chamber 16, the outlet duct 17 can be made to have relatively large surface area, as a result of which the velocity of air discharged though outlet 18 is minimised. This minimises the disturbance of dirt and dust in the vicinity of the outlet 18, which is of particular advantage in the case of users of the vacuum cleaner suffering from an allergy to dust.
Referring now to Figure 2, which shows a view along the line B-B in Figure 1, when the rear part 4 of housing 2 is pivoted relative to the main part 3 about hinge 5, the coarse filter element 13 containing larger dirt particles can be removed from the housing 2 to enable the filter element 13 to be emptied. At the same time, as the coarse filter element 13 is withdrawn from the main part 3 of housing 2, the bristles of the brush 20 are moved axially along the pleats of fine filter element 15. This causes dust and/or dirt to be displaced from the fine filter element.
Referring to Figures 3 and 4, which shows a second embodiment of the invention and in which parts common to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2 are denoted by like reference numerals but increased by 100, an inlet duct 111 is connected to an intake (not shown) provided at a distal end thereof with a suitable cleaning accessory such as a brush. The inlet duct 111 is removably mounted to inlet 112 of coarse filter element 113 by means of a bayonet-type fitting 130.
As can be seen from Figure 3, inlet 112 is of generally cylindrical internal profile and longitudinal axis 131 of the inlet duct 111 is slightly displaced from the axial plane 132 of inlet 112, as a result of which circular motion in the direction of arrow C is imparted to air entering inlet 112 from inlet duct 111.
The coarse filter element 113 is blocked by an un-perforated end cap 133 at the end thereof remote from inlet 112, and a brush 120 is mounted to the end cap 133. The coarse filter element 113 is surrounded by a cylindrical fine filter element 115 of pleated fibrous paper such that the bristles of brush 120 fit within the pleats of fine filter element 115. The fine filter element 115 is also sealed by means of an un-perforated end cap 134 adjacent end cap 133, and is sealed at fitting 135 within chamber 116. As a result, any air passing through coarse filter element 113 is directed through the sides thereof into fine filter element 115.
A fan 107 having blades 136 is arranged at the end of chamber 116 remote from fitting 135 and expels air radially outwards into annular outlet duct 117 which surrounds chamber 116. The air is then exhausted from annular exhaust aperture 118.
In operation, actuation of fan 107 causes expulsion of air along annular outlet duct 117, as a result of which air is drawn axially inwards through inlet duct 111, inlet 112 and into the interior of coarse filter element 113 in the direction of arrow D shown in Figure 4. As a result of the combination of axial motion (arrow D in Figure 4) and circular motion (arrow C in Figure 3), air undergoes a spiral motion along filter element 113, as a result of which incoming air travels over the entire side internal surface of coarse filter element 113. This maximises the effective use of filter element 113. Also, because the internal surface of filter element 113 is concave, dirt particles are less likely to become trapped in the holes of filter element 113. As was the case with the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, dirt particles trapped by coarse filter element 113 tend to congregate at the closed distal end of filter element 113, as a result of which dirt is not disturbed by incoming air.
After passing through filter element 113, the filtered air passes through fine filter element 115 and through chamber 116 to fan 107. Where it is expelled into outlet duct 117 and then discharged through exhaust aperture 118.
In order to empty dirt from the coarse filter element 113, the inlet 112 is removed from the housing of the vacuum cleaner, and the coarse filter element 113 is removed from the housing. As the coarse filter element 113 is withdrawn from the housing, the bristles of brush 120 move axially along the individual pleats of fine filter element 115 and thereby displace dust and/or dirt trapped on the fine filter element 115.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above embodiments have been described by way of example only and not in any limitative sense, and that various alterations and modifications are possible without departure from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

A vacuum cleaner comprising:-
at least one inlet for allowing entry of air;

at least one outlet for allowing exit of air;

suction means for generating a difference in air pressure between the or each said inlet and the or each said outlet;

first filter means for at least partially removing particles larger than a first particle size from air flowing from at least one said inlet to at least one said outlet; and

second filter means for at least partially removing particles larger than a second particle size, smaller than said first particle size, from air flowing from said first filter means to at least one said outlet;

wherein said first filter means comprises at least one removable first filter element having at least one cleaning member mounted thereto and adapted to engage said second filter means, such that removal of the or each said removable first filter element having at least one cleaning member mounted thereto causes the or each corresponding cleaning member to remove particles trapped on said second filter means.
A vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, wherein at least one said cleaning member comprises a brush.
A vacuum cleaner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one first filter element defines a respective recess therein for collecting particles therein, and said second filter means is arranged outwardly of at least one said first filter element.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one said first filter element has a concave inner surface.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one said first filter element comprises a screen having apertures therein.
A vacuum cleaner according to claim 5, wherein at least one said filter element comprises a mesh.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vacuum cleaner is adapted to be opened to allow emptying of particles from said first filter means.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one said first filter element is elongate and adapted to receive air adjacent a first end thereof and having a component of motion from said first end towards a second end thereof.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second filter means comprises at least one second filter element, and at least one said second filter element is undulated.
A vacuum cleaner according to claim 9, wherein at least one said cleaning member engages undulations in at least one said second filter member.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the suction means comprises a fan for displacing air towards the or each said outlet.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the vacuum cleaner is portable.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one said first filter element is elongate, and the vacuum cleaner in use directs air in a helical path over a surface of said elongate first filter element.
A vacuum cleaner according to claim 13, further comprising at least one inlet duct for introducing air to at least one said first filter element having a component of movement transverse to the longitudinal axis of said first filter element.
A vacuum cleaner according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising outlet duct means at least partially surrounding said first and second filter means, for directing air from said second filter means to at least one said outlet.