EP2089642B1 - Générateur de force de fixation par serrage - Google Patents

Générateur de force de fixation par serrage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2089642B1
EP2089642B1 EP07861723.0A EP07861723A EP2089642B1 EP 2089642 B1 EP2089642 B1 EP 2089642B1 EP 07861723 A EP07861723 A EP 07861723A EP 2089642 B1 EP2089642 B1 EP 2089642B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
cfg
clamping force
load cam
cvt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07861723.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2089642A1 (fr
Inventor
Brad P. Pohl
Daniel J. Dawe
Charles B. Lohr
Jon M. Nichols
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fallbrook Intellectual Property Co LLC
Original Assignee
Fallbrook Intellectual Property Co LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fallbrook Intellectual Property Co LLC filed Critical Fallbrook Intellectual Property Co LLC
Priority to PL07861723T priority Critical patent/PL2089642T3/pl
Publication of EP2089642A1 publication Critical patent/EP2089642A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2089642B1 publication Critical patent/EP2089642B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/66—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for continuously variable gearings
    • F16H61/664—Friction gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/06—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B
    • F16H15/26—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a spherical friction surface centered on its axis of revolution
    • F16H15/28—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a spherical friction surface centered on its axis of revolution with external friction surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/48—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/50—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/52—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of another member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/186—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions with reciprocation along the axis of oscillation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18296—Cam and slide
    • Y10T74/18304—Axial cam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18056—Rotary to or from reciprocating or oscillating
    • Y10T74/18296—Cam and slide
    • Y10T74/18304—Axial cam
    • Y10T74/18312—Grooved

Definitions

  • the field of the invention relates generally to mechanical power transmissions, and more particularly the invention pertains to devices relating to generating clamping force in certain types of said transmissions.
  • Certain transmissions for example some continuously or infinitely variable transmissions, often include one or more mechanisms for generating a clamping force that facilitates the transmission of torque between or among transmission components via traction or friction.
  • Some clamping force generators are referred to as axial force generators (AFGs) because, typically, the clamping force produced by the AFGs resolves (or must be reacted) along a main or longitudinal axis of a transmission.
  • AFGs axial force generators
  • One known method of generating clamping force is to place rollers between a set of load cams (or load ramps) and a reacting surface, such as for example another set of load cams or a flat driven or driving surface. As the relative motion between the opposing surfaces drives the rollers up the ramps, the rollers act to push apart the opposing surfaces. Since the opposing surfaces are typically substantially constrained to react the pushing of the rollers, a clamping force arises in the assembly. The clamping force is then usually transmitted to tractive or frictional torque transmission components.
  • WO2006-014617A discloses a clamping force generator having the features of the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1.
  • a clamping force generator (CFG) in accordance with the present invention is defined in claim 1.
  • the terms “operationally connected,” “operationally coupled”, “operationally linked”, “operably connected”, “operably coupled”, “operably linked,” and like terms refer to a relationship (mechanical, linkage, coupling, etc.) between elements whereby operation of one element results in a corresponding, following, or simultaneous operation or actuation of a second element. It is noted that in using said terms to describe inventive embodiments, specific structures or mechanisms that link or couple the elements are typically described. However, unless otherwise specifically stated, when one of said terms is used, the term indicates that the actual linkage or coupling may take a variety of forms, which in certain instances will be readily apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the relevant technology.
  • axial As used here, the terms “axial,” “axially,” “lateral,” “laterally,” refer to a position or direction that is coaxial or parallel with a longitudinal axis of a transmission or variator.
  • radial and “radially” refer to locations or directions that extend perpendicularly from the longitudinal axis.
  • spring 112A and spring 112B For clarity and conciseness, at times components labeled similarly (for example, spring 112A and spring 112B) will be referred to collectively by a single label (for example, springs 112).
  • FIG. 1 it illustrates a spherical-type CVT 50 that can be used to change the ratio of input speed to output speed.
  • the CVT 50 has a main axle 52 extending through the center of the CVT 50.
  • the main axle 52 provides axial and radial positioning and support for other components of the CVT 50.
  • the main axle 52 defines a longitudinal axis of the CVT 50 that will serve as a reference point for describing the location and or motion of other components of the CVT 50.
  • the CVT 50 includes a hub shell 54 that couples to a hub cover 56.
  • the hub shell 54 and the hub cover 56 forms a housing.
  • the CVT 50 includes a number of power rollers 58 arranged angularly about the main axle 52 and placed in contact with an input traction ring 60, an output traction ring 62, and a support member 64.
  • Legs 66 couple to power roller axles 68, which provide tiltable axes of rotation for the power rollers 58.
  • the tilting of the power roller axles 68 causes the radii (relative to the power roller axles 68) at the point of contact between the power rollers 58 and the traction rings 60, 62 to change, thereby changing the speed ratio of output speed to input speed.
  • Embodiments of the CVT 50 often use a clamping force generation mechanism (clamping force generator or CFG) to prevent slip between the power rollers 58 and the traction rings 60, 62 when transmitting certain levels of torque.
  • clamping force generation includes providing preloading, such as by way of one or more of an axial spring (for example, a wave spring), a torsion spring, a compression coil spring, or a tension coil spring.
  • the CVT 50 includes an input-side clamping force generation subassembly 70 (CFG 70) as shown in detail view A.
  • CFG 70 includes a cam driver 72 in contact with a number of load cam rollers 74.
  • the load cam rollers 74 are positioned and supported by a roller cage 76.
  • the load cam rollers 74 also contact a set of ramps 106 that are, in this embodiment, integral with the input traction ring 60.
  • the cam driver 72 rotates about the main axle 52, the cam driver 72 causes the load cam rollers 74 to ride up the ramps 106.
  • This roll-up action energizes the load cam rollers 74 and thereby generates a clamping force, as the load cam rollers 74 are compressed between the cam driver 72 and the ramps 106.
  • the clamping force serves to urge the input traction ring 60 against the power rollers 58.
  • the roller cage 76 includes a roller retainer ring 78 adapted to receive and retain the load cam rollers 74.
  • the roller retainer ring 78 transitions into a retainer extension 80, which is a generally annular ring extending from the roller retaining ring 78 at an angle of about 90 degrees.
  • the roller retainer extension 80 in some embodiments, is adapted to pilot on the traction ring 60 to, in part, aid in retaining a torsion spring 82 in a spring groove 104 of the traction ring 60.
  • the retainer extension 80 includes a retaining slit 84 for receiving and retaining an end of the torsion spring 82.
  • the depth of the spring groove 104, the pitch diameter of the torsion spring 82 in its free state, the length and wire diameter of the torsion spring 82, and the internal diameter of the retainer extension 80 are selected such that expansion of the torsion spring 82 in the spring groove 104 is constrained by the retainer extension 80 so that a partially wound torsion spring 82 biases the roller cage 76 to cause the load cam rollers 74 to roll up the ramps 106 and come to rest on or near a substantially flat portion 107 of the traction ring 60.
  • the roller cage 76 Upon assembly of the CVT 50, the roller cage 76 is turned relative to the traction ring 60, thereby winding the torsion spring 82 until the load cam rollers 74 come to rest substantially at a bottom portion 109 of the ramps 106.
  • This assembly process ensures, among other things, that the torsion spring 82 is preloaded to bias the load cam rollers 74 up the ramps 106 so that the load cam rollers 74 are properly staged for activation during operation of the CVT 50. Additionally, this component configuration and assembly process facilitates the take up of stack up tolerances present during assembly of the CVT 50.
  • the input CFG 70 and an output CFG 71 are used.
  • the torsion springs 82, 83 act upon, respectively, the input traction ring 60 and the roller cage 76, and the output traction ring 84 and the roller cage 77 (see Figure 1 ), to provide a certain amount of clamping of the traction rings 60, 62 against the power rollers 58.
  • the retainer extension 80 of the roller cage 76 interacts with the traction ring 60 and/or the torsion spring 82 to produce an undesired drag force in the CVT 50.
  • the clamping force generation mechanisms described below generally reduce or eliminate the potential for generating the drag force.
  • a CFG 100 can include a traction ring 102 having a spring groove 104 and a set of ramps 106.
  • the CFG 100 includes a roller cage 108 that holds and supports a group of load cam rollers 74, which can be cylindrical rollers, spherical rollers, or barrel-shaped rollers, for example.
  • the roller cage 108 can be fitted with an extension or flange 109 that fits over an outer diameter 103 of the traction ring 102.
  • the CFG 100 includes one or more of springs 112 and wires 114. As shown in Figure 5 , the springs 112 and the wires 114 are placed in the spring groove 104.
  • the springs 112 can be coil springs of the compression or tension type, for example.
  • one end of the spring 112A couples to the traction ring 102 via a dowel pin 116A, which is inserted through suitable holes in the traction ring 102.
  • the other end of the spring 112A couples to one end of the wire 114A.
  • another end of the wire 114A is provided with a bend or hook 118A configured to engage a tab 120A of the roller cage 108.
  • the CFG 100 includes a stop pin 122 suitably configured to engage the tab 120A at a tab notch 124 (see Figure 4 ).
  • the traction ring 102 can be provided with a hole 126 for receiving and supporting the stop pin 122.
  • the spring 112B couples to the wire 114B and, via a dowel pin 116B, to the traction ring 102. A hook 118B of the wire 114B engages the tab 120B.
  • a CFG 400 can include the traction ring 102 and the roller cage 108, as well as other components of the CFG 100.
  • the CFG 400 uses springs 402 instead of the springs 112 and the wires 114.
  • Figures 8 shows yet another embodiment of a CFG 500 that uses relatively short spring 502 instead of the longer springs 402.
  • the CFGs 100, 400, and 500 are assembled and operated in substantially the same manner as already described above with reference to the CFG 70.
  • the springs 112 and the stop pin 122 are configured such that the springs 112 bias the roller cage 108 and the load cam rollers 74 to be initially staged at or in the vicinity of the flat surfaces 107 of the traction ring 102.
  • the roller cage 108 is rotated so that the load cam rollers 74 are positioned substantially at the bottom portion 109 of the ramps 106.
  • the springs 112 will then act upon the roller cage 108 to cause the load cam rollers 74 to roll back up the ramps 106 for some distance to produce a preload that ensures that a certain minimum level of clamping force will be always available during operation of the CVT 50.
  • the springs 112, 402, and 502 of some embodiments are made of any resilient material capable of being formed into a spring
  • the springs 112, 402, and 502 are made of, for example, metal, rubber, composite, plastic, etc.
  • the springs 112 are general use extension springs such as spring SP-9606 distributed by Prime-Line Product Company of San Bernardino, California, USA.
  • the spring SP-9606 has a length of about 2.5 inches, an outer diameter of about 5/32", and wire diameter of about 0.02 inches.
  • the springs 112 have a load capacity of about 1.5 to 3.5 pounds.
  • the wires 114 are made of a metallic material; however, in other embodiments, the wires 114 are made any other suitable material, such as rubber, composite, plastic, etc.

Claims (10)

  1. Générateur de force de fixation (GFF) pour une transmission, ledit GFF comprenant :
    un anneau de traction (60, 102) comportant un premier côté, une partie médiane et un second côté, dans lequel le premier côté comprend un ensemble de rampes (106) et dans lequel le second côté comprend une surface de traction,
    caractérisé en ce que le GFF comprend en outre :
    un ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) comportant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité,
    dans lequel l'anneau de traction (60, 102) est apte à s'accoupler à une extrémité du ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) ; et
    une cage (78, 108) de galets de came de charge comportant au moins une languette apte à entrer en prise avec le ressort (82, 112, 402, 502).
  2. GFF selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'anneau de traction (60, 102) comprend un trou (126) pour recevoir la première extrémité du ressort (82, 112, 402, 502).
  3. GFF selon la revendication 2, dans lequel un prolongement (80, 120) de la cage comprend une fente (84) pour recevoir la seconde extrémité du ressort (82, 112, 402, 502).
  4. GFF selon la revendication 3, comprenant en outre un jeu de galets (74) de came de charge retenus dans la cage (78, 108) de galets de came de charge.
  5. GFF selon la revendication 4, dans lequel, quand le ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) est sensiblement complètement enroulé, les galets (74) de came de charge sont placés au fond des rampes (106).
  6. GFF selon la revendication 4, dans lequel le prolongement (80, 120) de la cage est façonné sur la cage (78, 108) de galets de came de charge et dans lequel, quand le ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) se dilate à un diamètre qui est sensiblement égal au diamètre intérieur du prolongement (80, 120) de la cage, les galets (74) de came de charge sont placés sensiblement au sommet des rampes (106) ou près de celui-ci.
  7. GFF selon la revendication 6, dans lequel, quand le ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) se dilate à son diamètre maximal alors qu'il est dans un état libre, non enroulé, le diamètre du ressort (82, 112, 402, 502) est supérieur au diamètre intérieur du prolongement (80, 120) de la cage.
  8. GFF selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le prolongement (80, 120) de la cage est configuré pour entrer en prise avec une première extrémité du ressort (82, 112, 402, 502).
  9. GFF selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le ressort est un ressort de torsion (82).
  10. GFF selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le ressort est un ressort hélicoïdal de tension (112, 402, 502).
EP07861723.0A 2006-11-08 2007-11-06 Générateur de force de fixation par serrage Active EP2089642B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07861723T PL2089642T3 (pl) 2006-11-08 2007-11-06 Generator siły zaciskającej

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US86494106P 2006-11-08 2006-11-08
PCT/US2007/023315 WO2008057507A1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2007-11-06 Générateur de force de fixation par serrage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2089642A1 EP2089642A1 (fr) 2009-08-19
EP2089642B1 true EP2089642B1 (fr) 2013-04-10

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Family Applications (1)

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EP07861723.0A Active EP2089642B1 (fr) 2006-11-08 2007-11-06 Générateur de force de fixation par serrage

Country Status (5)

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US (2) US8376903B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2089642B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2089642T3 (fr)
TW (1) TWI518270B (fr)
WO (1) WO2008057507A1 (fr)

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PL2089642T3 (pl) 2013-09-30
US9086145B2 (en) 2015-07-21
TW200839127A (en) 2008-10-01
US20130152715A1 (en) 2013-06-20
US20100093485A1 (en) 2010-04-15
WO2008057507A1 (fr) 2008-05-15
TWI518270B (zh) 2016-01-21
US8376903B2 (en) 2013-02-19

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