EP2085987A1 - Steuerungsvorrichtung mit zwei verschiedenen Betätigungsarten - Google Patents

Steuerungsvorrichtung mit zwei verschiedenen Betätigungsarten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2085987A1
EP2085987A1 EP09150415A EP09150415A EP2085987A1 EP 2085987 A1 EP2085987 A1 EP 2085987A1 EP 09150415 A EP09150415 A EP 09150415A EP 09150415 A EP09150415 A EP 09150415A EP 2085987 A1 EP2085987 A1 EP 2085987A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
state
movable
membrane
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09150415A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2085987B1 (de
Inventor
Miguel Debarnot
Laurent Chiesi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP2085987A1 publication Critical patent/EP2085987A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2085987B1 publication Critical patent/EP2085987B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/005—Details of electromagnetic relays using micromechanics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0036—Switches making use of microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0036—Switches making use of microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]
    • H01H2001/0042—Bistable switches, i.e. having two stable positions requiring only actuating energy for switching between them, e.g. with snap membrane or by permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H2036/0093—Micromechanical switches actuated by a change of the magnetic field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/005—Details of electromagnetic relays using micromechanics
    • H01H2050/007—Relays of the polarised type, e.g. the MEMS relay beam having a preferential magnetisation direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling an electric circuit.
  • This control device has the particular feature of having two distinct modes of operation.
  • the movable permanent magnet moves between a rest position and a work position.
  • the MEMS membrane is in a first state when the moving permanent magnet is in its rest position, this first state being maintained by the magnetic field generated by the fixed permanent magnet.
  • the MEMS membrane goes into a second state when the moving permanent magnet is in its working position under the combined influence of the magnetic fields generated by the fixed permanent magnet and the moving permanent magnet.
  • the MEMS membrane returns to its rest position, the MEMS membrane returns to its first state.
  • control device in which the movable element can be operated in two distinct ways.
  • the control device it is necessary that the control device remains particularly compact.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a control device that can be actuated in two distinct ways, which is simple to use, easy to manufacture, reliable and particularly compact.
  • the fixed element made of magnetic material is a permanent magnet.
  • the movable permanent magnet and the fixed permanent magnet have magnetizations of parallel direction and of the same direction.
  • the magnetic field created by the coil is substantially perpendicular to the magnetization directions of the fixed and mobile permanent magnets.
  • the mobile permanent magnet is able to move perpendicularly to its direction of magnetization.
  • the microswitch is centered relative to the fixed and mobile permanent magnets.
  • the moving permanent magnet is able to move parallel to its direction of magnetization.
  • the microswitch is off-center with respect to the fixed and mobile permanent magnets.
  • the mobile element of the microswitch is a steerable ferromagnetic membrane along magnetic field lines.
  • the moving permanent magnet after actuation, is automatically returned from its second position to its first position.
  • This return can be achieved by magnetic effect between the fixed and mobile permanent magnets or through the use of a mechanical part of the return spring type.
  • the first state of the movable element is for example an open state in which the electric circuit is open and in that the second state of the movable element is for example a closed state in which the electric circuit is closed.
  • the device can be used to suppress the leakage or standby currents in a system by disconnecting the electrical circuit by activation of the coil and by resetting the electric circuit using the movable permanent magnet.
  • the device can also be used in a circuit breaker to automatically disconnect the electrical circuit in the event of an electrical fault using the excitation coil and then manually close the electrical circuit using the movable permanent magnet.
  • the invention consists in providing a control device 1, 1 'with two distinct modes of operation. This type of control device is of particular interest in certain applications which will be specified below.
  • the control device 1, 1 'of the invention operates by means of a microswitch 2, 2' comprising a mobile element controllable by magnetic effect.
  • This micro-switch 2, 2 ' can especially be a MEMS (Micro-Electro Mechanical System) comprising a membrane 20, 20' provided with a ferromagnetic layer (for example permalloy) and able to align and orient along the field lines magnetic to take two distinct stable states, for example an open state of an electrical circuit and a closed state of the electrical circuit.
  • MEMS Micro-Electro Mechanical System
  • the microswitch 2, 2 ' comprises a membrane 20, 20' mounted on a substrate S made of materials such as silicon, glass, ceramics or in the form of printed circuits.
  • the substrate S carries for example on its surface 30 at least two contacts or conductive tracks 31, 32 plane, identical and spaced apart, intended to be electrically connected by a movable electrical contact 21, 21 'in order to obtain the closure of a circuit electric.
  • the membrane 20, 20 ' is for example deformable and has at least one layer of ferromagnetic material.
  • the ferromagnetic material is for example of the soft magnetic type and can be for example an alloy of iron and nickel ("permalloy" Ni 80 Fe 20 ). According to the orientation of a lateral magnetic component, the membrane 20, 20 'can assume a closed state in which its movable contact 21, 21' electrically connects the two fixed conductor tracks 31, 32 so as to close the electrical circuit or a open state, wherein its movable contact 21, 21 'is away from the two conductive tracks so as to open the electrical circuit.
  • the membrane 20 has a longitudinal axis (A) and is integral with the substrate S by means of two linking arms 22a, 22b connecting said membrane 20 to two anchoring studs 23a, 23b arranged symmetrically on either side of its longitudinal axis (A) and extending perpendicularly with respect to this axis (A).
  • the membrane 20 is able to pivot between its open state and its closed state along an axis of rotation (R) parallel to the axis described by the contact points of the membrane 20 with the electric tracks 31, 32 and perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (A).
  • the movable electrical contact 21 is disposed under the membrane 20, at one end thereof.
  • the membrane 20 ' In the second configuration of the microswitch 2 'shown in FIG. figure 3 , the membrane 20 'has a longitudinal axis (A') and is connected, at one of its ends, via connecting arms 22a ', 22b', to one or more studs 23 'anchoring integral with the substrate S.
  • the membrane 20 ' is pivotable relative to the substrate along an axis (R') of rotation perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (A ').
  • the link arms 22a ', 22b' form an elastic connection between the membrane 20 'and the anchor stud 23' and are flexibly biased during the pivoting of the membrane 20 '.
  • a planar excitation coil 4 is integrated in the microswitch substrate 2, 2' as shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • a solenoid-shaped excitation coil may also be employed. The solenoid then defines a space inside which is housed the microswitch 2, 2 '.
  • the control device 1, 1 'of the invention further comprises a movable permanent magnet 11, 11' and a fixed piece of magnetic material, which may be for example a ferromagnetic piece (eg FeNi) or a permanent magnet 10, 10 ', for example fixed under the substrate S of the microswitch.
  • the moving permanent magnet 11, 11 ' is able to move between two positions, a first so-called rest position (in full lines on the Figures 4 and 5 ) and a second fugitive position of actuation of the microswitch (in dotted lines on the Figures 4 and 5 ).
  • the fixed permanent magnet 10, 10 'and the movable permanent magnet 11, 11' have magnetizations M 0 , M 1 , M 0 ', M 1 ' of the same direction and directions parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surface 30 of the substrate S of the microswitch 2, 2 '.
  • the fixed part consisting of a ferromagnetic part or the fixed permanent magnet 10, 10'
  • the movable permanent magnet 11, 11 'therefore generate between them a uniform permanent magnetic field B 0 having field lines substantially parallel to each other.
  • the lateral magnetic component generated in the membrane 20, 20 'by this uniform permanent magnetic field B 0 is small, it is easy to tilt the membrane to its other state by producing an opposite lateral magnetic component of higher intensity.
  • the control device 1, 1' comprises two distinct embodiments. These two embodiments are described with a fixed piece consisting of a permanent magnet 10, 10 '.
  • the movable permanent magnet 11 is able to move in translation parallel to the surface 30 of the substrate S of the microswitch 2 and the fixed permanent magnet 10 so as to impart to the control device a sliding type of actuation.
  • the fixed permanent magnet 10 and the movable permanent magnet 11 in the rest position are centered relative to each other and the microswitch 2 is centered relative to the fixed permanent magnets 10 and mobile 11.
  • the membrane 20 is for example initially in the open state.
  • the movable permanent magnet 11 ' is able to move in translation along an actuation axis (X) perpendicular to the surface 30 of the substrate S of the microswitch 2 so as to give the control device 1 a push-type actuation .
  • the moving permanent magnet 11 'therefore has a rest position remote from the fixed permanent magnet 10' and a fugitive working position in which it is brought closer to the fixed permanent magnet 11 'along the axis of actuation (X ).
  • the fixed permanent magnet 10 'and the movable permanent magnet 11' are centered relative to each other and the microswitch 2 is off-center laterally with respect to the magnets 10 ', 11 in order to be able to favor a lateral magnetic component when the moving permanent magnet 11 'is actuated towards its working position.
  • control device 1, 1 'of the first embodiment or the second embodiment is explained below in connection with the Figures 6A to 6E showing a microswitch 2 of the first configuration. It should be understood that the operation is identical with a microswitch 2 'of the second configuration.
  • the substrate S supporting the membrane 20 is placed under the effect of the uniform permanent magnetic field B 0 created between the fixed permanent magnet 10, 10 'and the movable permanent magnet 11, 11' which is in its rest position.
  • the uniform permanent magnetic field B 0 initially generates a magnetic component BP 1 in the membrane 20 along its longitudinal axis (A).
  • the resulting magnetic torque holds the membrane 20 in one of its states, for example the open state on the Figure 6A .
  • the displacement of the movable permanent magnet 11, 11 'towards its working position generates a lateral magnetic component Ba which creates a component BP 2 in the membrane 20 so as to invert the magnetic torque exerted on the membrane and impose the tilting of the membrane to its other state, that is to say, the closed state ( Figure 6B ).
  • the return of the moving permanent magnet can be achieved simply by virtue of the magnetic interaction with the fixed permanent magnet in the case of the sliding actuator ( figure 4 ) or via a spring (not shown) in the case of the push-type actuator ( figure 5 ).
  • the movable permanent magnet 11, 11 ' is intended only to tilt the membrane from one state to another. Therefore, to bring the membrane back to its initial state, the second actuation mode, ie the excitation coil 4, is used.
  • This second actuation mode has the advantage that it can be actuated at distance by injection of a current in the coil 4 in a suitable direction.
  • the passage of a control current in a defined direction through the excitation coil 4 makes it possible to generate the temporary control magnetic field Bb whose direction is parallel to the substrate S, its direction depending on the direction of the current delivered in the coil 4.
  • the temporary magnetic field Bb thus generates the magnetic component BP 4 in the membrane 20 opposing the magnetic component BP 3 and of intensity greater than the magnetic component BP 3 so as to reverse the magnetic torque and cause the tilting membrane 20 from its closed state to its open state.
  • the magnetic field Bb is generated only transiently to tilt the membrane 20 from one state to another.
  • the microswitch is therefore in a state identical to that shown in Figure 6A .
  • control device 1, 1 ' can be controlled differently.
  • the membrane 20, 20 ' may for example initially be in the closed state.
  • the first actuation of the membrane can be achieved using the coil 4 and the second actuation with the aid of the movable permanent magnet 11, 11 '.
  • the device can be configured to close and open the circuit using only the moving permanent magnet or using only the coil by injecting a positive current or a negative current.
  • a first application is for example to eliminate the leakage current or standby of a system running on battery or battery and thus achieve energy savings.
  • the control device of the invention allows the product to be manually turned on by acting on the movable permanent magnet which causes the membrane to switch from the initial open state to the closed state. Then when the system has finished its task or after a certain period of time, the product can go back to sleep automatically by sending a current in the excitation coil of the control device to switch the membrane to its open state and thus open the electrical circuit.
  • the powered product may for example be a wireless switch or a remote control alarm or opening doors.
  • a second application of the control device of the invention consists, for example, in eliminating transformer leakage currents for AC / DC power supplies intended to power or charge mobile devices such as, for example, mobile telephones, digital music players or devices. Pictures. Small transformers have very low yields that lead to producing power sectors that consume as much empty as the load they must feed.
  • a control device 1, 1 'of the invention is used to automatically cut off the standby currents of the system when a low charge current is detected. By sending a current into the excitation coil, the membrane switches from a closed state to an open state of the electrical circuit. To restart the system, it is then sufficient to act on the movable permanent magnet by means of a button to put the membrane in its closed state.
  • the same control principle can for example be applied in a third application.
  • This third application consists in using the control device of the invention in a circuit breaker.
  • the current On detection of a fault, the current is cut off automatically by sending a current into the excitation coil which switches the membrane from the closed state to the open state.
  • the actuation of the movable permanent magnet makes it possible to pass the membrane from its open state to its closed state.
  • a last application may for example consist in using the control device in a sensor, for example wireless and autonomous, able to communicate wirelessly with a transmitter / receiver main member.
  • the device of the invention allows for example to cut the sensor once a data transmission is performed.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
EP09150415.9A 2008-01-30 2009-01-13 Steuerungsvorrichtung mit zwei verschiedenen Betätigungsarten Not-in-force EP2085987B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0850574A FR2926922B1 (fr) 2008-01-30 2008-01-30 Dispositif de commande a double mode d'actionnement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2085987A1 true EP2085987A1 (de) 2009-08-05
EP2085987B1 EP2085987B1 (de) 2015-03-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09150415.9A Not-in-force EP2085987B1 (de) 2008-01-30 2009-01-13 Steuerungsvorrichtung mit zwei verschiedenen Betätigungsarten

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7982563B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2085987B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2926922B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011517016A (ja) * 2008-03-20 2011-05-26 エイチティー マイクロアナレティカル インク． 統合型リードスイッチ
US8665041B2 (en) * 2008-03-20 2014-03-04 Ht Microanalytical, Inc. Integrated microminiature relay
FR2970596B1 (fr) 2011-01-19 2013-02-08 Commissariat Energie Atomique Contacteur et interrupteur
IES20110389A2 (en) * 2011-09-06 2013-03-13 Atreus Entpr Ltd Leakage current detector
JP7397253B2 (ja) * 2018-09-20 2023-12-13 Ｉｇｎｉｔｅ株式会社 自動検査機構を有するｍｅｍｓ表示装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020121951A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-09-05 Jun Shen Micro-magnetic latching switch with relaxed permanent magnet alignment requirements
US6469602B2 (en) 1999-09-23 2002-10-22 Arizona State University Electronically switching latching micro-magnetic relay and method of operating same
FR2880730A1 (fr) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-14 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Microsysteme utilisant un microactionneur magnetique a aimant permanent.
WO2006131520A1 (fr) 2005-06-06 2006-12-14 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif de commutation d'un circuit electrique utilisant au moins deux aimants permanents
US20070018762A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2007-01-25 Magfusion, Inc. Apparatus utilizing latching micromagnetic switches
FR2899720A1 (fr) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Microsysteme pour commuter un circuit electrique de puissance

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2211830C (en) * 1997-08-22 2002-08-13 Cindy Xing Qiu Miniature electromagnetic microwave switches and switch arrays
GB0514869D0 (en) * 2005-07-20 2005-08-24 Eja Ltd Safety switch
US7482899B2 (en) * 2005-10-02 2009-01-27 Jun Shen Electromechanical latching relay and method of operating same
FR2903807B1 (fr) * 2006-07-12 2009-10-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de commutation incluant une partie ferromagnetique mobile

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6469602B2 (en) 1999-09-23 2002-10-22 Arizona State University Electronically switching latching micro-magnetic relay and method of operating same
US6469603B1 (en) * 1999-09-23 2002-10-22 Arizona State University Electronically switching latching micro-magnetic relay and method of operating same
US20020121951A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-09-05 Jun Shen Micro-magnetic latching switch with relaxed permanent magnet alignment requirements
US20070018762A1 (en) * 2001-05-18 2007-01-25 Magfusion, Inc. Apparatus utilizing latching micromagnetic switches
FR2880730A1 (fr) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-14 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Microsysteme utilisant un microactionneur magnetique a aimant permanent.
WO2006131520A1 (fr) 2005-06-06 2006-12-14 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif de commutation d'un circuit electrique utilisant au moins deux aimants permanents
FR2899720A1 (fr) * 2006-04-11 2007-10-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Microsysteme pour commuter un circuit electrique de puissance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7982563B2 (en) 2011-07-19
FR2926922B1 (fr) 2010-02-19
FR2926922A1 (fr) 2009-07-31
US20090189720A1 (en) 2009-07-30
EP2085987B1 (de) 2015-03-04

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