EP2053315A2 - Procédé de reconnaissance de l'état de chargement d'un appareil de cuisson destiné à la cuisson par micro-ondes et appareil de cuisson destiné à l'exécution d'un tel procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de reconnaissance de l'état de chargement d'un appareil de cuisson destiné à la cuisson par micro-ondes et appareil de cuisson destiné à l'exécution d'un tel procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2053315A2
EP2053315A2 EP08167216A EP08167216A EP2053315A2 EP 2053315 A2 EP2053315 A2 EP 2053315A2 EP 08167216 A EP08167216 A EP 08167216A EP 08167216 A EP08167216 A EP 08167216A EP 2053315 A2 EP2053315 A2 EP 2053315A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwave
cooking
cooking chamber
detector
food
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08167216A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2053315A3 (fr
Inventor
Peter Kohlstrung
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rational AG
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Rational AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rational AG filed Critical Rational AG
Publication of EP2053315A2 publication Critical patent/EP2053315A2/fr
Publication of EP2053315A3 publication Critical patent/EP2053315A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/6447Method of operation or details of the microwave heating apparatus related to the use of detectors or sensors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/70Feed lines
    • H05B6/705Feed lines using microwave tuning

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for detecting the loading state of a cooking chamber of a cooking appliance with food that is cooked under microwave loading, and a cooking appliance for performing such a method.
  • a cooking appliance in which can be closed by comparing the performance of the radiated microwave radiation in a cooking chamber with the power of a microwave radiation reflected in the cooking chamber on the absorption of arranged in the cooking chamber food.
  • the microwave radiation generated by a magnetron is radiated by means of a waveguide and a directional coupler, in the cooking chamber, wherein a portion of the cooking chamber located in the microwave radiation is reflected back into the aforementioned waveguide, and the back-reflected microwave radiation coupled via the directional coupler from the waveguide and a microwave detector is supplied.
  • a disadvantage of the aforementioned prior art is that for determining the loading state of a cooking chamber at least two variables included, namely on the one hand, the input power of the microwave radiation in the oven or the power of a microwave generator and on the other the reflected from the cooking and not absorbed by the food microwave power.
  • the more noisy measured variables are included in the calculation of the load, the more the calculated value of the load will be subject to undesirable fluctuations.
  • it is disadvantageous to continuously monitor the microwave power in the cooking chamber via a corresponding detection device during the cooking operation, since the detection device itself absorbs microwave power, which is thus no longer available for heating food to be cooked.
  • An alternative system for detecting the amount of charge in a microwave oven is from the US Pat. No. 6,867,402 B1 known.
  • the load detection system described therein is used to determine the loading state in the cooking chamber by irradiation of a high-frequency energy impact, in particular an ultrasonic energy burst, and measurement of the reflection of the energy impact. Based on the time difference between the emitted and the reflected signal, a controller decides whether a load is present in the cooking chamber or not.
  • the KR 100 320 715 B discloses a method for optimally adjusting the microwave output to the load of a microwave oven, regardless of temperature changes of a food. After a magnetron and a turntable are turned on, in the said method for this purpose, the leakage radiation of the microwaves per revolution the turntable measured. After this measurement, the turntable is turned off and then determines a time to minimize, ie to decay, the leakage radiation of the microwaves. The time constant thus determined is compared with a reference value. If the genante time constant exceeds the reference value, an unloaded state of the cooking chamber is detected and issued an error message.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop the generic method such that the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome.
  • a detection of the loading amount of the cooking chamber is to be made possible.
  • This object is achieved in that the cooking of the food at least one microwave generator activated and disabled at least one microwave detector and disabled to measure the loading state of the microwave generator and the microwave detector is activated, the Abkling of stored during cooking in the oven microwave radiation, energy and / or performance is evaluated for measurement, comparing with at least one stored reference value to the load state.
  • the reference value for the loading condition for at least one load of food and / or microwave absorption in the food is determined, preferably the reference value from the decay of the unloaded cooking chamber is determined, in particular in the context of a calibration measurement.
  • the decay behavior is determined by at least one decay rate, a decay time and / or a time course of a measured microwave power.
  • the decay function f is determined from at least one negative exponential function, in particular a sum of such negatively exponential functions, wherein each time a negative exponential function is assigned a time constant T and a prefactor.
  • the activation of the microwave detector and the deactivation of the microwave generator be synchronized.
  • the microwave detector demodulates an incoming microwave signal and determines the temporal envelope of the microwave signal, wherein the demodulation is preferably carried out by a rectification, in particular with a subsequent low-pass filtering.
  • the microwave signals in particular the envelope p of the microwave signals, to be integrated after the demodulation, whereby the integrated variable preferably corresponds to the intensity of the microwave radiation echo, from which in particular a microwave attenuation by the food to be cooked is determined.
  • a cooking program or a cooking program step is performed as a function of the determined loading state.
  • a cooking device with a cooking chamber, at least one microwave generator, at least one microwave detector, at least one antenna for coupling microwave radiation into the cooking chamber and for coupling microwave radiation from the cooking chamber and a control or regulating unit for carrying out a method according to the invention.
  • the cooking chamber is at least partially limited by metallic, microwave radiation reflecting surfaces or walls and forms a microwave cavity, can be stored in the microwave energy during cooking.
  • the invention also proposes that the microwave generator and the microwave detector are at least partially connected via at least one common line and / or at least one antenna for coupling and decoupling microwave radiation into and out of the cooking chamber.
  • the microwave generator and the microwave detector are connected to the control unit via at least one at least partially common control line for receiving a common control signal and / or via at least one at least partially common signal line, the control signal simultaneously deactivating the microwave generator and Activation of the microwave detector causes.
  • the microwave detector comprises at least one high-pass filter, in particular comprising a capacitor and a coil, for filtering out low-frequency interference, at least one rectifier, in particular comprising a diode, and / or at least one low-pass filter, in particular comprising one Capacitor and a resistor, for filtering out a DC component of a signal, wherein preferably the low-pass filter is connected upstream of the rectifier and the rectifier the low-pass filter.
  • a control voltage to the microwave detector can be applied, which in particular via a resistor and a parallel diode generates a control current, which is preferably the base input of a transistor, in particular bipolar transistor, supplied.
  • Garages according to the invention may also be characterized by a display device for displaying the profile of the power of the envelope of the microwave radiation in the cooking chamber as a function of time and / or a time constant T and / or T + t 0 .
  • cooking appliances can furthermore be characterized by an operating device, an electric heating device, a gas-operated heating device, a Heat exchange device, a cooling device, means for introducing moisture into the cooking chamber, means for removing moisture from the cooking chamber, a GarraumatmosphDCenzirkulations announced and / or at least one sensor.
  • a determination of a loading state in the cooking chamber of the cooking appliance can be done by evaluating the time decay behavior of the microwave energy stored in the oven. It is particularly advantageous that the determination of the loading condition by measuring only one size, namely the power of the microwave radiation remaining in the oven, can be determined as a function of time. Furthermore, the invention provides the advantage that the time-delayed detection of the decaying microwave radiation after switching off the microwave generator unnecessary consumption of Mikrawellenenenergy, as it occurs in the case of continuous detection of the microwave power in the cooking chamber during the cooking operation, is avoided.
  • a simultaneous deactivation of the microwave generator and activation of a microwave detector via a, in particular common, control line, which is connected to a control unit of the cooking device allows.
  • the same lines and antennas can be used on the one hand in cooking mode for transmitting microwave radiation from the generator in the oven and on the other in the measuring mode in the measurement of Abkling s for transmitting microwave radiation from the cooking chamber in the detector, in particular without a directional coupler, as he for example, in the aforementioned DE 37 43 921 A1 is described, to fall back.
  • a cooking appliance 1 for performing a method according to the invention in which a cooking chamber 2 is bounded by metallic walls 3.
  • food 4 is exemplarily positioned on four superposed food supports 5.
  • a drain 6 is provided, which leads into a not shown sewer system.
  • Antennas 9 are arranged laterally on the food supports 5, which serve for coupling microwave radiation into the cooking chamber 2 as well as for coupling microwave radiation out of the cooking chamber 2.
  • the antennas 9 are connected to a line system, in particular coaxial, feed lines 10 and branches 12, which lead out of the cooking chamber 2 and into a common.
  • Main 11 lead, such as in the DE 10 2004 059 900 B3 the applicant described.
  • the main line 11 branches via a branch 13 into two further feed lines 21, 31, wherein the one feed line 21 to a generator 20, in particular a magnetron, and the other feed line 31 are coupled to a detector 30 for microwaves.
  • the feed lines 10, 21, 31 and line branches 12, 13 of this line system to the generator 20, the detector 30 and the antennas 9 adapted so that in cooking mode the same amount of microwave power is transmitted from the generator to the respective antennas 9 and that optimal Power transmission takes place.
  • the cooking appliance 1 has a circulation device, comprising an impeller 50, which is driven by a shaft 51 and a motor, not shown.
  • a circulation device comprising an impeller 50, which is driven by a shaft 51 and a motor, not shown.
  • the rotation of the blower 50 results in the formation of a flow along the in Fig. 1 dashed lines shown flow lines 53rd
  • the detector 30 is deactivated, so that it absorbs the smallest possible, substantially negligible proportion of the power generated in the microwave generator 20. Rather, the microwave radiation is passed from the generator 20 via the feed line 21 substantially lossless on the main line 11 to the antennas 9.
  • the antennas 9 are arranged in the cooking chamber 2 so that a substantially homogeneous entry microwave radiation is made possible in the cooking product 4 positioned on the various food supports 5.
  • the microwave energy stored in the cooking chamber 2 is substantially constant in the cooking mode, it sounds after switching off the microwave generator 20 after a certain time, similar to the reverberation of an acoustic echo in a closed room.
  • the rate of decay depends on the absorption factor P A / P IN in the food to be cooked and the loss factor P L / P IN of the cooking chamber cavity. The higher the absorption factor or the loss factor is or are, the higher is the decay rate and the shorter is the decay time of the microwave energy remaining in the cooking chamber 2.
  • the loss factor P L / P IN is a device constant that can be determined, for example, as part of a calibration measurement. By measuring the decay characteristic, the absorption factor P A / P IN of the cooking product 4 can be inferred, which in turn determines the loading quantity depending on the type of food 4, selected from a group comprising meat, vegetables, frozen meals, fish or the like.
  • the generator 20 and the detector 30 are synchronously controlled by a control unit 40 of the cooking device 1 via a common control line 41.
  • a control voltage U I > 0 can be applied to the common control line 41, which activates the generator 20 and deactivates the detector 30. Switching the control voltage to 0 V in turn leads to a deactivation of the generator 20 with simultaneous activation of the detector 30.
  • the time decay of the power of the microwave radiation in the cooking chamber 2 detected by the detector 30 and via a Signal line 42 are forwarded to the control unit 40 for evaluation and further processing of the measured data.
  • the evanescent signal to be detected in the detector 30 has the form of a product of an essentially negative exponentially decaying envelope and an oscillating microwave carrier wave, in particular with a carrier frequency of approximately 2.45 GHz.
  • this signal is demodulated in the detector 30, so that the envelope is conducted via a signal line 42 from the detector 30 to the control unit 40 of the cooking appliance 1.
  • Such demodulation can be carried out in the detector 30, for example by rectification of the microwave signal with subsequent low-pass filtering.
  • the control unit 40 there is a, in particular digital, evaluation of the measured data for the extraction of at least one characteristic time constant from the measured decay function of the envelope.
  • Fig. 2 the course of the power P of the envelope of the microwave radiation in the cooking chamber 2 is plotted as a function of the time t.
  • the solid line represents the size P at the transition between the cooking mode (t ⁇ t 0 ) and the measuring mode (t> t 0 ), wherein the microwave generator 20 has been deactivated at time t 0 .
  • the decay behavior for the case of an unloaded cooking chamber 2 is shown for t> t 0 by the dashed curve P 2 .
  • the curve can be approximated by a negative exponential function of the form exp [- (t - t 0 ) / T 1 ], where T 1 is the time constant for the decay process in the unloaded cooking chamber 2.
  • the decay process in the case of a loaded cooking space 2 for t> t 0 is plotted by the solid curve P 1 , where P 1 is also represented by a negative exponential function of the form exp [- (t - t 0 ) / T 2 ] a shorter time constant T 2 can be approximated.
  • Fig. 3 an exemplary circuit construction of a microwave detector 30 'is shown.
  • a control voltage is applied between a control input 64 and a ground potential GND of the circuit, which exceeds the in Fig. 1 shown control line 41 is supplied from the control unit 40.
  • This control voltage generates, via a resistor R 3 and a parallel-connected diode D 3, a control current which is supplied to the base input of a bipolar transistor 70.
  • the detector 30 ' is in the deactivated state, so that no signal is present at its signal output 62.
  • the switching of the detector 30 'in the measuring operation takes place by the control voltage of the in Fig. 1 shown control unit 40 is set to zero, so that at the same time the generator 20 is deactivated.
  • the microwave radiation present in the cooking chamber 2 via the antennas 9, the corresponding lines 10, 11 and the feed line 31 in the in Fig. 3 illustrated detector 30 ' is coupled, so that a voltage between an input 60 and the ground potential GND of the detector 30' is applied.
  • the incoming signal then passes first a high-pass filter, consisting of a capacitor C 1 and a coil L 1 . This high pass filter eliminates low frequency noise in the signal. Then the filtered signal is rectified by means of a diode D 1 .
  • This rectifier section is a low-pass filter, consisting of a capacitor C 2 and a resistor R 2 , connected downstream, so that substantially only the DC component of the rectified signal is transmitted to the signal output 62.
  • the low-pass filter must be broadband enough to also transmit the temporal signature of the decaying envelope without distortion.
  • the signal output 62 is also over the in Fig. 1 Signal line 42 shown connected to the control unit 40 of the cooking device 1. In the control unit 40 finds in the measuring operation, the evaluation of the Abkling s stored in the cooking chamber 2 microwave energy instead, so that first the absorption factor P A / P IN of the food 4 and taking into account the type of food also the loading amount in cooking chamber 2 can be determined.
  • microwave lines are not limited to a design as coaxial cables. It is also possible, for example, to form the microwave lines as a waveguide, as a strip line or in a comparable manner. A combination of the mentioned types of line is possible.
  • the determination of the loading amount according to the inventive method can be performed at any time within a cooking program or cooking program step and optionally also repeated, for example, to track the change in the absorption behavior of the food during a cooking program and adjust the cooking program accordingly.
  • An alternative to determining the absorption factor P A / P IN of the food to be cooked is the use of an integrator within the control unit for integrating the demodulated in the detector temporal envelope of the decaying microwave radiation.
  • the value output by the integrator would therefore be proportional to the microwave energy stored in the cooking chamber and would have to be compared with the power of the microwave generator generated during the cooking operation to determine the absorption factor of the food.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electric Ovens (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
EP08167216A 2007-10-26 2008-10-22 Procédé de reconnaissance de l'état de chargement d'un appareil de cuisson destiné à la cuisson par micro-ondes et appareil de cuisson destiné à l'exécution d'un tel procédé Withdrawn EP2053315A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007051638A DE102007051638B8 (de) 2007-10-26 2007-10-26 Verfahren zur Erkennung des Beladungszustandes eines Gargerätes mit Mikrowellengaren und Gargerät zur Durchführung solch eines Verfahrens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2053315A2 true EP2053315A2 (fr) 2009-04-29
EP2053315A3 EP2053315A3 (fr) 2011-03-16

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EP08167216A Withdrawn EP2053315A3 (fr) 2007-10-26 2008-10-22 Procédé de reconnaissance de l'état de chargement d'un appareil de cuisson destiné à la cuisson par micro-ondes et appareil de cuisson destiné à l'exécution d'un tel procédé

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DE (1) DE102007051638B8 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7994962B1 (en) 2007-07-17 2011-08-09 Drosera Ltd. Apparatus and method for concentrating electromagnetic energy on a remotely-located object
US8207479B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-06-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US8389916B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-03-05 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8492686B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2013-07-23 Goji, Ltd. Device and method for heating using RF energy
US8653482B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-02-18 Goji Limited RF controlled freezing
US8839527B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-09-23 Goji Limited Drying apparatus and methods and accessories for use therewith
CN104132383A (zh) * 2014-08-18 2014-11-05 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 微波炉的控制方法、控制装置和微波炉
US9215756B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2015-12-15 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
IT201800003342A1 (it) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-07 Rational Ag Procedimento per la rilevazione di almeno un parametro di carica di uno spazio chiuso mediante una apparecchiatura di rilevazione, nonche' apparecchiatura di rilevazione
US10674570B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2020-06-02 Goji Limited System and method for applying electromagnetic energy
US11129245B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2021-09-21 Goji Limited Dynamic impedance matching in RF resonator cavity

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DE102008060899B4 (de) 2008-12-09 2022-10-27 Rational Ag Gargerät zum Energiesparen beim Betrieb
WO2011138679A2 (fr) 2010-05-03 2011-11-10 Goji Ltd. Placement d'antenne(s) dans des cavités modales dégénérées d'un système de transfert d'énergie électromagnétique
DE102011009991B4 (de) * 2011-02-01 2023-11-16 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Gargerät mit Beladungserkennung
DE102011089191A1 (de) * 2011-12-20 2013-06-20 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Haushaltsgerät zum Erwärmen von Lebensmitteln
DE102012006578A1 (de) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-02 Topinox Sarl Gargerät und Verfahren zum Garen von Lebensmitteln
DE102021131619A1 (de) * 2021-12-01 2023-06-01 Topinox Sarl Verfahren zum Bestimmen einer von einem in einem Garraum befindlichen Gargut absorbierten Leistung sowie Gargerät und Computerprogramm

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DE102004059900B3 (de) 2004-12-13 2006-08-03 Topinox Sarl Gargerät mit Mikrowellenerzeugungseinrichtung

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DE3743921A1 (de) 1987-12-23 1989-07-13 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Steueranordnung zum waermetechnischen behandeln von lebensmitteln durch mikrowellenenergie
US5237141A (en) 1990-07-17 1993-08-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. High frequency heating apparatus and electromagnetic wave detector for use in high frequency heating apparatus
KR100320715B1 (ko) 1994-09-26 2002-05-13 구자홍 전자레인지의부하정합방법
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DE102004059900B3 (de) 2004-12-13 2006-08-03 Topinox Sarl Gargerät mit Mikrowellenerzeugungseinrichtung

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US9078298B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-07-07 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US10080264B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2018-09-18 Goji Limited Food preparation
US9167633B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-10-20 Goji Limited Food preparation
US10492247B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2019-11-26 Goji Limited Food preparation
US8653482B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-02-18 Goji Limited RF controlled freezing
US8759729B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-06-24 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US8839527B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2014-09-23 Goji Limited Drying apparatus and methods and accessories for use therewith
US11729871B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2023-08-15 Joliet 2010 Limited System and method for applying electromagnetic energy
US11057968B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2021-07-06 Goji Limited Food preparation
US9040883B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-05-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US10674570B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2020-06-02 Goji Limited System and method for applying electromagnetic energy
US11523474B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2022-12-06 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8941040B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2015-01-27 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US8207479B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2012-06-26 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating according to an efficiency of energy transfer
US9872345B2 (en) 2006-02-21 2018-01-16 Goji Limited Food preparation
US8389916B2 (en) 2007-05-21 2013-03-05 Goji Limited Electromagnetic heating
US7994962B1 (en) 2007-07-17 2011-08-09 Drosera Ltd. Apparatus and method for concentrating electromagnetic energy on a remotely-located object
US11129245B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2021-09-21 Goji Limited Dynamic impedance matching in RF resonator cavity
US9374852B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2016-06-21 Goji Limited Device and method for heating using RF energy
US11653425B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2023-05-16 Joliet 2010 Limited Device and method for controlling energy
US8492686B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2013-07-23 Goji, Ltd. Device and method for heating using RF energy
US10687395B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2020-06-16 Goji Limited Device for controlling energy
US9609692B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2017-03-28 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
US10999901B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2021-05-04 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
US10405380B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2019-09-03 Goji Limited Device and method for heating using RF energy
US9215756B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2015-12-15 Goji Limited Device and method for controlling energy
CN104132383A (zh) * 2014-08-18 2014-11-05 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 微波炉的控制方法、控制装置和微波炉
WO2019170830A1 (fr) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de détection d'au moins un paramètre de chargement d'un espace fermé par un dispositif de détection, procédé d'entraînement, programme informatique, support de données lisible par ordinateur et dispositif de détection
IT201800003342A1 (it) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-07 Rational Ag Procedimento per la rilevazione di almeno un parametro di carica di uno spazio chiuso mediante una apparecchiatura di rilevazione, nonche' apparecchiatura di rilevazione
US11844171B2 (en) 2018-03-07 2023-12-12 Rational Aktiengesellschaft Method for the detection of at least one loading parameter of a closed space by a detection device, training method, computer program, computer-readable data carrier, and detection device

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Publication number Publication date
EP2053315A3 (fr) 2011-03-16
DE102007051638B8 (de) 2010-06-10
DE102007051638B3 (de) 2009-08-20

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