EP2041385B1 - Apparatus for sliding gates or sliding doors - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for sliding devices such as sliding gates or sliding doors.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a displaceable element, in particular a sliding door or a sliding door, with a device for moving the element.

In the outdoor area, for example in gardens or private parking, sliding gates or sliding doors increasingly displace hinged gates or doors of a conventional type. Sliding gates or sliding doors offer significant advantages over conventional gates or doors: On the one hand, sliding gates or sliding doors can be opened to the side so that the space that would otherwise be kept free as a pivot area of a gate or a door, can be used. On the other sliding doors or sliding doors are usually movable on rolling or sliding elements, which is why their operation is possible even with heavy gates usually with relatively little force.

On sliding gates or sliding doors, especially those that are used outdoors, several requirements are made. A first criterion is that the sliding gates or doors as possible cantilevered, so without support rollers should be formed. Support rollers require a smooth and clean surface. At the same time, the device required for moving the door requires the smallest possible space, so that the appearance of the gate is disturbed as little as possible. A second criterion is a smooth running of the door or the door when opening, since for opening a minimum of effort is required. In addition, a third criterion is that the door or the door should be as stable as possible both when opening / closing and in the extended (or closed) and in the retracted (or open) state.

Sliding gates or sliding doors for outdoor use are often mainly made of metal and are therefore heavy. In order to still be able to obstruct cantilever sliding gates or sliding doors, can on the doctrine of WO 2005/093199 A1 be resorted to. According to this document, a device for sliding gates has become known, which has a central support with fixed rollers and a running rail with S-shaped profile. By means of a motor, a gate equipped with rollers can be moved in the upper part of the track at a speed v. In addition, the track can be moved by means of the same motor at half speed v / 2 on the stationary rollers of the carrier. This results in that the sliding door is always supported regardless of its position, in part by the displaceably mounted running rail, which allows a self-supporting execution.

However, in the variant according to the prior art presented above, it is disadvantageous that the rollers fastened to the door and the rollers of the carrier are positioned one above the other in each case in one half of the S-shaped running rail, thus requiring a relatively high substructure. This not only means that the high aesthetic requirements are not met, but also that the door has an unsatisfactory stability in the process as well as in the open or closed state. A similar cantilever gate is off US 4336670 known, which has the features of the preamble of claim 1.

This is where the invention sets and has as its object to provide a device of the type mentioned above, which allows a more compact design and on which a gate is portable with high stability.

Another object of the invention is to provide a displaceable element of the type mentioned, are eliminated in the disadvantages of the prior art.

The stated object is achieved by a device according to claim 1. Advantageous variants of a device according to the invention are the subject matter of claims 2 to 12.

The further object of the invention is achieved by a displaceable element according to claim 13.

The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular to be seen in the fact that a compact and at the same time highly stable substructure is provided for a free-worn gate or a door carried freely. Due to the compact design and aesthetic requirements can be met at the same time, since the carrying device little Space needed. A compact substructure is achieved by providing rolling elements and / or sliding elements on the shorter running rail. These may be fastened at a height of the shorter running rail, which is dimensioned so that the longer running rail is just smoothly movable over the shorter running rail. As a result, compared to the prior art, the height of a substructure is substantially reduced and the door is also less prone to tipping. At the same time, due to the movability of the shorter running rail, it is also ensured that a heavy door or a heavy door is well supported even when fully supported and fully extended, or that the gravity of the door (the door) is counteracted. The proposed support or holding element, which can be fixed to the bottom, can be solid, z. As steel, and ensures a good dissipation of the weight of the door in the ground, which also contributes to high stability.

For reasons of stability, it is provided in the context of the invention that provided on the shorter track rail rolling elements and / or sliding elements are mounted on opposite ends of the track to distribute the load torque generated by the gate or door over an entire length of the shorter track rail ,

In a particularly simple and therefore also preferred embodiment variant, the shorter running rail can be automatically moved along when moving the longer running rail into a maximum extension or retraction position.

It is also preferred if a profile of the shorter running rail is designed substantially closed in cross section. As a result, in particular when the device for the door or the door is mounted on the bottom side, prevents the rolling and / or sliding elements are contaminated with dirt, which can affect a smooth movement when moving. For analogous reasons, it is also preferred if a profile of the longer running rail in cross-section is also substantially closed. A particularly preferred embodiment results in this context when a profile of the longer running rail that of the shorter running rail in cross-section at least partially includes, preferably entirely. In this case, the longer running rail, which may preferably be substantially closed, offers the shorter running rail independently of a position Protection against contamination and / or frost. As a result, the gate is easily moved even after prolonged use or in winter.

A device according to the invention of the type described above can be used for carrying and moving sliding gates or doors and is characterized in addition to a compact, space-saving design in that the gates / doors are aesthetically appealing freely fastened fastened and at the same time a highly stable base for a supporting door or a door to be supported is provided, wherein the weight on the longer running rail of the door or the door is at least partially taken over by the shorter running rail. In this case, the shorter running rail during the process is at all times on rolling elements and / or sliding elements of the supporting or holding element on / on.

If the longer running rail is fully extended or pushed in, a large load can act on the rolling and / or sliding elements, which are arranged on the relatively short support or holding element due to a long lever. Especially with heavy gate structures with a weight of, for example, more than 300 kilograms, the rolling and / or sliding elements are therefore exposed to an enormous burden. This problem is eliminated because the provided on the supporting or holding element rolling elements and / or sliding elements are mounted vertically resilient and / or made of an elastic material and the shorter running rail is overcoming a spring force to the support or holding element unemployable.

Advantageously, it is achieved that the rolling elements and / or sliding elements, which are attached to the supporting or holding element, are vertically displaced at too high a load, as soon as a spring force is overcome due to an effective weight of the body or gate (eg especially in the extended state). The shorter running rail can then rest on the support element and the rolling elements or sliding elements are largely relieved. This increases a service life of the rolling elements and / or sliding elements and thus ensures a faultless functioning of the device for a long time, especially in heavy gates / doors. It is essential so that the shorter running rail can be secured against tilting supported on the support or holding element, that are provided on the supporting or holding element supports for the shorter running rail. For reasons of stability, these are preferred in frontal view formed approximately with a width of the shorter track rail. It is favorable in this case to have the most stable possible contact or installation for the shorter running rail, that the supports according to the invention are arranged approximately in the region of the ends of the supporting or holding element.

The shorter track could basically, as soon as it is movable, be moved by hand. In order to accomplish a removal or insertion of a sliding door, however, with a handle can be provided that are arranged on the longer track rail driver, which cooperate with arranged on the shorter track rail hooks such that the shorter track rail with the longer track rail is movable as soon as it does not rest on the support or holding element or rests. In a particularly simple embodiment, the hooks can be rotatably mounted against a spring force and have a stop by which a decoupling from the driver can be triggered upon contact with the support or holding element.

Further advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following embodiments. It is understood by those skilled in the art that individual features of the following embodiments - even if they are mentioned in combination with other features - can be combined with the general concept of the invention explained above.

• Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einem befestigten Tor in geöffneter (I),
• halboffener (II) und geschlossener (III) Position;
• Fig. 2 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im Querschnitt;
• Fig. 3 eine Ausführungsvariante einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung in seitlicher Ansicht;
• Fig. 5 die in Fig. 4 gezeigte Vorrichtung in Draufsicht;
• Fig. 6 eine Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 4 in einer stirnseitigen Ansicht;
• Fig. 7 ein Trag- bzw. Halteelement mit federnd gelagerten Rollen;
• Fig. 8 das Trag- bzw. Halteelement aus Fig. 7 und einen Teil einer Laufschiene in stirnseitiger Ansicht;
• Fig. 9 eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit Mitnehmern für die kürzere Laufschiene.

Show it:

• Fig. 1 a device according to the invention with a fixed gate in open (I),
• semi-open (II) and closed (III) positions;
• Fig. 2 a device according to the invention in cross section;
• Fig. 3 an embodiment of a device according to the invention;
• Fig. 4 a device according to the invention in a side view;
• Fig. 5 in the Fig. 4 shown device in plan view;
• Fig. 6 a device according to Fig. 4 in a frontal view;
• Fig. 7 a support or holding element with spring-mounted rollers;
• Fig. 8 the support or holding element Fig. 7 and a part of a running rail in the frontal view;
• Fig. 9 a device according to the invention with drivers for the shorter running rail.

In Fig. 1 the concept according to the invention is illustrated in more detail on the basis of a schematic diagram. Shown are three positions I, II and III, in which a gate 7 is in the fully retracted (I), half-extended (II) and fully extended state (III). As can be seen, the device 1 has a short compared to the length of the door 7 jig or carrier 2. The clamping bracket or support 2 is preferably made of a solid material, for. B. made of steel, and has a length of less than 60 cm. The massive training of the carrier 2 is a prerequisite to derive a force efficiently in the ground or a foundation in heavy gates 7 with lengths of more than 3 meters and to ensure high stability despite short length training of the carrier 2.

On the carrier 2 stationary roller pairs 5 are mounted on the head side. This is done in an appropriate manner such that the pairs of rollers 5 have a maximum horizontal distance from each other, which in turn affects a good power dissipation into the soil and consequently a high stability of the device 1 in the whole. On the pairs of rollers 5 runs a running rail 3, which in turn is in each case end equipped at the positions E1, E2 with two pairs of rollers 6. These pairs of rollers 6 are provided for a further running rail 4, whose length exceeds that of the running rail 3 and which carries a gate 7. As can be seen from the schematic illustration, a vertical distance between the longer running rail 4 and the shorter running rail 3 is small and essentially depends only on the height at which the pairs of rollers 6 are fastened. Ideally, the pairs of rollers 6 are positioned at a height that allows just a smooth movement of the running rail 4 and the gate 7 on the shorter track rail 3. This is a compact or height moderately reduced and highly stable substructure given.

As based on the schematic diagram in Fig. 1 also seen, the shorter running rail 3 is used in particular to receive a weight of the door 7. If the goal is now moved from a position I via a position II to a position III, then at the same time when abutting the closed, longer running rail 4 on the rollers of the shorter running rail 3, the same is taken along, since it is displaceably mounted on the rollers 5 of the carrier 2 is. This entrainment of the shorter track 3 by the longer track 4 allows the gate in the position III fully through the Run or support rail 3 is supported. This makes it possible to carry the gate 7 despite height reduced substructure free.

In Fig. 2 a device 1 according to the invention with an attached gate 7 is shown in more detail in cross section. As can be seen, the device 1 comprises a T-shaped support 2, which can be fixed on the head side in the ground or, for example, on a foundation and is solid. On the carrier 2 roller pairs 5 are mounted, via which a running rail 3 is displaceable. The running rail 3 is formed substantially closed, that is, that only one recess for the carrier 2 is provided, so that a light process or roles is possible. On the running rail 3 more pairs of rollers 6 are provided, which in turn receive a longer running rail 4. The running rail 4 comprises partially, as in Fig. 2 shown, the running rail 3 and is also closed, so that the running rail 4 along the roller pairs 6 can roll around the running rail 3. Of course, alternative embodiments are also conceivable. For example, the longer running rail 4 may be formed in cross-section so that its lateral arms 41 extend over the lateral arms 31 of the running rail 3 and in cross-section only a recess for the carrier 2 is provided.

As based on the Fig. 3 shown, it is not essential that all pairs of rollers 6, which are provided for moving the running rail 4, are attached to the shorter running rail 3. Rather, it can also be provided that one of the roller pairs 6 is mounted directly on the carrier 2. This brings with it the advantage that the carrier 2 is intended for a force absorption, that essential parts of the acting load moment are absorbed or discharged via the carrier 2.

As based on the Fig. 3 also visible, the carrier 2 can be formed with vertical, parallel plates 21, 22, 23, wherein in the free spaces formed by these roller pairs 5 are stored. This contributes even further to the fact that the roller pairs 5 and the running rail 3 are secured against the effects of dirt and deposits.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 show a further embodiment of a device according to the invention. In this variant are each upper and lower Roller pairs 5, 6 provided on the carrier or holding element 2 and the shorter running rail 3. This brings in particular with in Fig. 2 illustrated variant has the advantage that the rails 3, 4 run on both upper and lower pairs of rollers or are held by these, which ensures a particularly high stability of the device or the constructed door 7.

If, as in Fig. 1 shown, the door 7 in fully retracted / extended state (position I or III), 7 can act at high weight of the door very high forces on the roller pairs 5, because due to a length of the door 7, a correspondingly long lever is effective (at a 200kg port can leverage to a roller pair 5 load of 1500kg).

This can be avoided if a device 1 according to the invention with a support or holding element 2, as shown in FIG FIGS. 7 and 8 is shown is used. In this short, solid support or holding element 2, the pairs of rollers 5 are resiliently supported by means of disc springs 14, so that the roller pairs 5 are vertically displaceable at high load. In addition, supports 9 are still provided at the ends 10, 11 of the supporting or holding element 2, on which the shorter running rail 3 at very high loads, ie when the pairs of rollers 5 are pressed against the acting spring forces, can rest. The pairs of rollers 5 may also consist of an elastic material, which may favor a concern of the shorter running rail 3 on the supports 9.

The operation of a device 1 according to the invention is as follows: In the fully retracted state (see Fig. 1 ) acts on the longer running rail 4 and attached to this gate 7 a high load on the rolling elements 5, which are moved vertically due to this load against the forces of the disc springs 14 until the shorter running rail 3 on the supports 9 up or rests. If the gate 7 is now pushed out and thus moves the longer running rail 4, then a load on the rolling elements 5, whereby they are moved by the plate springs 14 vertically up or down, so that the shorter running rail 3 of the. Auflagern 9 lifts and can be moved to the now rotating rolling elements 5. When the longer running rail 4 approaches the position of the fully extended state, a load in turn increases, so that the pairs of rollers 5 are now vertical again be compressed and the shorter running rail 3 in turn comes to rest on the supports 9.

A shorter running rail 3, which cooperates with a support or holding element 2, is in Fig. 8 shown in more detail with this, wherein on the running rail 3, only a part of the required roles is mounted. As can be seen, supports 9 are attached to the supporting or holding element 2, the outer contour of which is adapted to the inner profile of the running rail 3, so that the shorter running rail 3 comes into abutment both laterally and horizontally as completely as possible. In each case, an upper or lower support 9 cooperates on one side of the carrier 2 with the diagonally opposite support 9 on the other side of the carrier 2. The supports 9 have holes into which, for example, screws or other means are used, with which a height of the supports 9 is finely adjustable, so that in cooperation with the disc springs 14 is precisely adjustable at which load the running rail 3 comes to rest.

In addition, in the in Fig. 7 or. Fig. 8 shown carrier 2 side rollers 8, which may optionally be replaced by sliding elements. The side rollers 8 may be horizontally spring-mounted, for example, also with disc springs, or made of an elastic material. Such a variant proves to be particularly favorable in order to attacking lateral forces, eg. B. in strong wind, the pairs of rollers 5 against damage or the door 7 in addition to secure against tilting. In this variant, furthermore, lateral contact elements are preferably provided analogously to the supports 9.

It is expedient that a mechanism is provided which ensures an automatic process of the shorter running rail 3, as soon as the longer running rail 4 is moved and the shorter running rail 3 is not applied to the supports 9. For this purpose, various mechanisms can be used, with a particularly simple on the basis of Fig. 9 is explained. An inventive device 1, as they are based on the Fig. 8 has been described, has a support or holding element 2 with spring-mounted rolling elements 5. The carrying or holding element 2 or the paired rolling elements 5 carry a shorter running rail 3, which in turn is not closer here shown roller pairs is provided, on which a schematically indicated longer running rail 4 is movable. In the in Fig. 9 case shown, the gate is fully extended. In this state, the shorter running rail 3 is as described on the supports 9 of the carrier 2 on or. Will the longer track 4 now when moving the gate in Fig. 9 moved to the left, so takes on the shorter running rail 3 and therefore also on the pairwise rolling elements 5 acting load (smaller lever), so that the shorter running rail 3 on the now active rolling elements 5 is movable. Thus, the shorter track 3 is automatically moved before a load is again so high that a mobility of the shorter track rail 3 is no longer given, the longer track 4 drivers 12, which cooperate with hooks 13 of the shorter track rail 3. As a result, the shorter running rail 3 is automatically taken and is in relation to its horizontal position in a desired state, when a load is again so great that the rolling elements 5 and the plate springs 14 are compressed and the running rail 3 on the support 2 for conditioning comes.

As in Fig. 9 shown, the hooks 13 are rotatably mounted on the shorter track rail 3 and have a molded stop 15, so that the hooks rotate 13 and release the driver 12 as soon as they abut the carrier 2. In order for the hooks 13 to be brought into an active position for releasing the catch 12, spring elements are expediently provided which press the hooks 13 upwards.

The hooks 13 are, as also out Fig. 9 visible, arranged approximately in the region of a first end or a second end of the shorter running rail 3. The arranged on the longer running rail 4 drivers 12 are horizontally positioned so that they engage in the hooks 13, as soon as the shorter running rail 3 on the rolling elements 5 is movable.

With a device according to the invention much heavier goals can be worn than before. For example, it is possible to move gates with up to several hundred kilograms using a device according to the invention. The provided springs 14 are preferably designed so that at a high load of, for example, more than 400 kilograms, the shorter running rail 3 on the support 2 for Plant comes. As a result, a load on the rolling elements 5 is low even with the enormous given masses. At the same time, however, the shorter running rail 3 serves to support the longer running rail 4 and thus assumes a substantial part of the load even in the fully extended or fully inserted state of the door. This load is finally transferred to the supporting or holding element 2, which is suitably made of a solid steel and therefore can absorb and discharge the high loads despite a short design.

Although not shown, the shorter running rail 3 does not necessarily have to be straight, but can preferably also be designed to be at least partially bent. As a result, caused by the load of the gate curvature of the running rail 3, which is for example in the region of the supporting or holding element 2 is only 2 mm, but in the extended state of the door can lead to a lowering of several centimeters, are compensated. Such an embodiment may also be useful if, due to the environment, the door in the inserted state should be horizontal, but in the extended state should be inclined.

As an alternative to a curved design of the shorter running rail 3, it is also possible, with a straight design of the shorter running rail 3, for example, to provide an adjusting means on the carrier 2, with which the shorter running rail 3 can be easily bent.

Although use of a device 1 according to the invention has been described above as an example for sliding gates, such a device 1 can also be used in shelving and loading systems, canopies, covers, mobile bridges, work and formwork platforms, tunneling machines (tunneling and mining), pullout and Exhaust devices in mechanical engineering and equipment, in partitions and furniture and more generally in facilities where large loads must be moved to a short reference to the extension length of the device supporting element, are used. In particular, a design of the supporting or retaining element 2 proves to be appropriate Fig. 7 as appropriate. The support or holding element 2 can also be designed in several parts, so that a length thereof is adjustable depending on the application.

Claims (15)

1. A device (1) for slidable installations such as sliding gates or sliding doors, wherein the device (1) has a bottom-side supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, and a shorter running rail (3) as well as a longer running rail (4), wherein rolling elements (5) and/or sliding elements, via which the shorter running rail (3) can be moved, are provided on the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, wherein further rolling elements (6) and/or sliding elements, via which the longer running rail (4) can be moved, are provided on the shorter running rail (3) and optionally on the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, wherein the rolling elements (6) and/or sliding elements, which are provided on the shorter running rail (3) are attached to opposite ends (E1, E2) of the shorter running rail (3) so as to be spaced apart from one another, characterized in that supports (9) for the shorter running rail (3) are provided on the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, approximately in the area of the ends (10, 11), and the rolling elements (5) and/or sliding elements, which are provided on the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, are mounted so be vertically spring-loaded with a spring force and/or consist of an elastic material, and the shorter running rail (3) can bear against the supports (9) of the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, by overcoming the spring force.
2. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shorter running rail (3) can automatically be moved along into a maximum extended position (III) or retracted position (I), respectively, during movement of the longer running rail (4).
3. The device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a profile of the shorter running rail (3) is embodied to be essentially closed in the cross section.
4. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a profile of the longer running rail (4) is embodied to be essentially closed in the cross section.
5. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a profile of the longer running rail (4) at least partially encompasses that of the shorter running rail (3) in the cross section, preferably in its entirety.
6. The device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, in front face view, the supports (9) are embodied approximately with a width of the shorter running rail (3).
7. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that catches (12) are arranged on the longer running rail (4), which catches interact with hooks (13) arranged on the shorter running rail (3) in such a way that the shorter running rail (3) can be displaced with the longer running rail (4), as soon as it does not rest on or bears against, respectively, the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively.
8. The device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the hooks (13) are rotatably mounted against a spring force and have a stop (15), by means of which an uncoupling from the catch (12) can be triggered upon contact with the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively.
9. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that horizontally positioned side rollers (8) or sliding elements, respectively, are provided on the supporting or retaining element (2), respectively.
10. The device (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the side rollers (8) or sliding elements, respectively, are mounted so be horizontally spring-loaded and/or consist of an elastic material.
11. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that an adjusting element is provided in order to bend the shorter running rail (3).
12. The device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shorter running rail (3) is embodied so as to be bent.
13. A displaceable element comprising a device (1) for moving the element, characterized in that the device (1) is embodied according to one of claims 1 to 12 and the element is fastened to the longer running rail (4).
14. The displaceable element according to claim 13, characterized in that the element is a slidable gate (7) or a slidable door.
15. A use of a stationary supporting or retaining element (2), respectively, comprising vertically and/or horizontally arranged rolling elements (5, 8) and/or sliding elements, which are mounted so as to be vertically and/or horizontally spring-loaded or consist of an elastic material, for guiding running rails in a retractable and extendable device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12.

Images