EP1907674A1 - Radiant power from pulsed laser and microwave for eliminating noxious emissions of hydrocarbon combustions - Google Patents

Radiant power from pulsed laser and microwave for eliminating noxious emissions of hydrocarbon combustions

Info

Publication number
EP1907674A1
EP1907674A1 EP05734827A EP05734827A EP1907674A1 EP 1907674 A1 EP1907674 A1 EP 1907674A1 EP 05734827 A EP05734827 A EP 05734827A EP 05734827 A EP05734827 A EP 05734827A EP 1907674 A1 EP1907674 A1 EP 1907674A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process following
radiant
radiant energy
microwaves
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05734827A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lorenzo Musa
Mauro Sparado-Norella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KLEEN-UP Srl
Original Assignee
Kleen-Up Srl
Musa Lorenzo
Spadaro Norella Mauro
Kleen Up Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kleen-Up Srl, Musa Lorenzo, Spadaro Norella Mauro, Kleen Up Srl filed Critical Kleen-Up Srl
Publication of EP1907674A1 publication Critical patent/EP1907674A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/063—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating electric heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/202—Laser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/20—Supplementary heating arrangements using electric energy
    • F23G2204/203—Microwave

Definitions

  • the technical fields the invention refers to, are the innovative technologies for eliminating the noxious emissions produced by hydrocarbon burning.
  • the state of art shows various techniques to raise the temperature of the burning hydrocarbons aftergases in order to reduce, by post-combustion or catalysation processes, the 'quantity of noxious residues in the emissions of hydrocarbons combustion.
  • FAP filter anti particulate
  • Our invention' s purpose is the total elimination of noxious pollutants in the emissions produced by hydrocarbons combustion by means of the innovative association of three way of producing radiant energy whose destructive power is used against carbon particles, unburnt hydrocarbons and all the volatile noxious gases (SOV) .
  • the three forms of radiant energy are the following: 1. radiant energy by means of radiant tubes
  • a further innovation is the use of pulsed low or medium power laser able to hit deep layers of the fluid and contemporarily to maintain a very high and constant temperature of the radiant reactor (curve C - figure 1) .
  • This complex three-energy-ways system enhances of over four times the capacity of destroying pollutants in comparison with the traditional means and allows a high energy savings of more than 50% improving the system quality which offers a remarkable rationality and clean practice.
  • the patent consists in a high-temperature post- combustion process which utilizes three different phenomenon of combustion: the first one based on the radiant capacity of the radiant tubes faces (or combustion chamber of the reactor) , the second one based on the destruction of PM by microwaves, and the third one characterized by heat transfer through pulsed laser on the surface of the reactor's combustion chamber of the complex of gases and materials (PM, unburnt hydrocarbons, SOV, NOx) while passing inside the reactor.
  • the first one based on the radiant capacity of the radiant tubes faces (or combustion chamber of the reactor)
  • the second one based on the destruction of PM by microwaves
  • the third one characterized by heat transfer through pulsed laser on the surface of the reactor's combustion chamber of the complex of gases and materials (PM, unburnt hydrocarbons, SOV, NOx) while passing inside the reactor.
  • Heat transfer and the related temperatures produced by the radiant energy systems of the radiant tubes and radiant energy by microwaves have different and opposite diagrams in function of the penetration into the material on which the heat transfer is made, as it is shown in figure 1.
  • the heat transfer with successive potential destruction by radiant tube radiation is the highest on the particle external surface and lowers proportionally up to zero in the particle's core ( there is a ⁇ k" absorption coefficient linked to the nature of the material, to its structure and dimension , to the starting temperature, and to the temperature of the material itself) .
  • the microwaves source will be a vacuum cavity where an antenna calibrated for the purpose will send electromagnetic waves able to produce in a shielded closed space a temperature in a range between 500 0 C and 1400 0 C according to the requirements of the system to which it will be applied.
  • point LAMBDA triple point of meeting of the three phases of heat transferring (figure 1) , a synergy will be created between the heat generated by the radiant energy originated by radiant tubes and the heat produced by microwaves.
  • Microwaves acting in the material's depth as shown in curve B of figure 1, will be able to destroy the pollutant particle's core while the radiant energy will act on the outer part of the same.
  • the frequency range of microwaves is running :
  • Firing time can be reduced up to a quarter compared to regular radiant firing techniques.
  • Microstructure and crystalline phases can be influenced to modify specific properties, i.e. forming more uniform grain sizes throughout the ceramic body.
  • the forms of the radiant reactor can be: linear tube (figure 2), "U” tube (figure 3), “double U” tube (figure 5), “W” or “M” tube (figure 6), “double spiral” (figure 8), multiple tubes with the recycle of exhaust gases (figure 9) and "spiral” (figure 10) included in a spherical container in which the base of manoeuvering and controlling of this sphere will be a GPS program based on an inertia ellipsoid .
  • the best way to realize the invention is first of all to use materials resistent to high temperatures (range 600 °C-1400°C) ; moreover it is fundamental for the industrial and commercial success of the invention that it is container in a waterproof case perfectly free of parasitic and/or galvanic currents, of heat injections and of humidity and insulated with proper materials and thickness in relation with the demands of any applications , and with a depression produced by a soft and/ or strong vacuum pump.
  • the system as combined is applied as a KIT on the collector of any Otto or Diesel engine.
  • the system is supplied with a control exchange with by-pass at high temperature or at smoke alarm or in presence of any other irregular working.
  • the invention field expands to the combustions of public and private land carriers which burn fossil fuel, as well as river crafts, internal sea and ocean marine carriers, to heating plants either for single units or for big housing estates, in addition to all heating plants of public buildings, and big power plants for the production of electricity from fossil fuel.
  • a further application required for the invention principle is the study for the development of aviation, where the almost quadratic rising in the flights number per year is producing pollution either on the soil level in low atmosphere or in high atmosphere with heavier and heavier effects in the time.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A method and subsequent apparatus for eliminating noxious products in the emissions of hydrocarbon combustions exhaust gases. The invention here claimed consists in the combination of three forms of radiant energy production which all together and/or also separately concur to eliminate all the carbon particulates and the unburnt hydroxarbons, as well as the volatile gases (SOV) deriving from combustion processes of any kind. The three forms of radiant energy are the following: 1.radiant energy by means of radiant tubes 2.radiant energy produced by bombarding the material by means of microwaves (212, 312, 612, 812, 912, 1012) due to a quantum effect 3.radiant energy created by pulsed laser rays properly sent upon a graybody (202, 302, 602, 1002).

Description

RADIANT POWER FROM PULSED LASER AND MICROWAVE FOR ELIMINATING NOXIUOS EMISSIONS OF HYDROCARBON COMBUSTIONS
DESCRIPTION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The technical fields the invention refers to, are the innovative technologies for eliminating the noxious emissions produced by hydrocarbon burning.
PRE-EXISTENT TECHNIQUE
The state of art shows various techniques to raise the temperature of the burning hydrocarbons aftergases in order to reduce, by post-combustion or catalysation processes, the 'quantity of noxious residues in the emissions of hydrocarbons combustion.
These techniques are represented, for example, by the apparatus FAP (filter anti particulate) produced by some car makers, consisting in a device which raises for a few moments at temperature of about 4000C the fumes in order to better eliminate the noxious emissions; by post-combustors boosted by gas flame already applied at industrial level on big plants of electric energy production and plants for waste disposal.
Nevertheless all the existing systems present in some way various faults which make their application unsatisfactory. For instance a too low exercise temperature, a too high energy consumption, the possibility of creating further pollutant gases by the same post-burning process and in any case the impossibility of dramatically reducing the carbon particles and the unburnt hydrocarbons which today represent the most noxious component of the emissions. The ineffectiveness of these solutions is demonstrated up today by the clear fact that no unique and general system exists able to satisfy people's demands due to an increased sensibility and intolerance to the atmosphere pollution which produces a highly negative environmental impact.
INVENTION PRESENTATION
Our invention' s purpose is the total elimination of noxious pollutants in the emissions produced by hydrocarbons combustion by means of the innovative association of three way of producing radiant energy whose destructive power is used against carbon particles, unburnt hydrocarbons and all the volatile noxious gases (SOV) .
The three forms of radiant energy are the following: 1. radiant energy by means of radiant tubes
2. radiant energy produced by bombing the material by microwaves due to a quantum effect
3. radiant energy created by laser pulsed rays properly directed on a graybody v The association between heat created using gas burners or electric resistance elements and heat created by microwaves has been used for cooking ceramics.
In fact, since ceramic is a bad conductor of heat, the transfer of heat created by gas or electric burners on ceramic' s surface was not very effective in order to reach uniformly the center of the same ceramic material. On the contrary for its nature the heat transfer obtained by microwaves inside the material rectified this shortcoming. Nevertheless, microwaves by themselves do not heat perfectly since the surfaces lose heat and get cold. All this brings to two inverse temperature profiles which join very well (figure 1) . In a similar way also resistances applied to the radiant tubes cannot maintain a constant temperature because the smokes flux tends to collect and remove the heat from the system. The aim of the present invention is to combine the traditional gas or electric radiant energy with a simultaneous volumetric energy due to microwaves in the same reactor.
A further innovation is the use of pulsed low or medium power laser able to hit deep layers of the fluid and contemporarily to maintain a very high and constant temperature of the radiant reactor (curve C - figure 1) .
This complex three-energy-ways system enhances of over four times the capacity of destroying pollutants in comparison with the traditional means and allows a high energy savings of more than 50% improving the system quality which offers a remarkable rationality and clean practice.
The patent consists in a high-temperature post- combustion process which utilizes three different phenomenon of combustion: the first one based on the radiant capacity of the radiant tubes faces (or combustion chamber of the reactor) , the second one based on the destruction of PM by microwaves, and the third one characterized by heat transfer through pulsed laser on the surface of the reactor's combustion chamber of the complex of gases and materials (PM, unburnt hydrocarbons, SOV, NOx) while passing inside the reactor.
Heat transfer and the related temperatures produced by the radiant energy systems of the radiant tubes and radiant energy by microwaves have different and opposite diagrams in function of the penetration into the material on which the heat transfer is made, as it is shown in figure 1. In fact if we examine a particle of particulates of a size around 5 micron, the heat transfer with successive potential destruction by radiant tube radiation is the highest on the particle external surface and lowers proportionally up to zero in the particle's core ( there is a λλk" absorption coefficient linked to the nature of the material, to its structure and dimension , to the starting temperature, and to the temperature of the material itself) .
In fact it is wellknown from the state-of-the-art that particulates are reduced from micron to nanometric dimensions. At these dimensions the microwaves energy begins immediately to function and acts positively destroying the particulate's core and so eliminating also that of nanometric dimensions.
Radiant Energy Tecnology.
The use of radiant energy with radiant tubes for eliminatine the noxious pollutants of diesel and petrol engines and more generally speaking of all the engines working with hydrocarbons and/or composite hydrocarbons has been dealed in the patent PCT/EP03/51113. The radiant energy following the curve A of figure 1 will be more efficient on the outer part of the pollutant particle.
Microwaves Technology.
The microwaves source will be a vacuum cavity where an antenna calibrated for the purpose will send electromagnetic waves able to produce in a shielded closed space a temperature in a range between 5000C and 14000C according to the requirements of the system to which it will be applied. In point LAMBDA, triple point of meeting of the three phases of heat transferring (figure 1) , a synergy will be created between the heat generated by the radiant energy originated by radiant tubes and the heat produced by microwaves. Microwaves acting in the material's depth, as shown in curve B of figure 1, will be able to destroy the pollutant particle's core while the radiant energy will act on the outer part of the same.
The frequency range of microwaves is running :
jf-rom 3_0_0. .M..hz f,_rom -I m f,romΛ n_150 , rττ71_, t ,o 3o G_,hz t,o _10„0„ mm to 10 microwaves UHF
f _rom 3_ G_,hz jf-rom Λ1n0n0mm f,rom.. n_140"5 t ,o 3_0_ G_,hz αt_o -1in0 mm to 10 microwaves SHF
from 30 Ghz from 10 mm , Λ -_3 , _ττ_ t ,o 3_0_n0 G_,hz t,o -1 mm to 10 microwaves EHF
Advantages in using microwaves technology
• The thermal gradient within the stack of fired goods as well as within the product itself can be lowered, especially if used in conjunction with radiant energy (gas firing or radiant electric heating elements) from outside
• Firing time can be reduced up to a quarter compared to regular radiant firing techniques.
• Energy cost can be dropped by up to 50 percent.
• Microstructure and crystalline phases can be influenced to modify specific properties, i.e. forming more uniform grain sizes throughout the ceramic body.
• Lower fluorine emissions in the brick industry, as well as lower hydrocarbon emissions are possible based on shorter soak times. • Pores incorporated in the green (unfired) ceramic body will remain open longer during the firing process and allow the body to sinter to maximum density.
Pulsed Laser Technology
The use of pulsed laser in order to trigger a radiant reactor for eliminating the noxious pollutants of diesel and petrol engines and more generally speaking of all the engines working with hydrocarbons and/or composite hydrocarbons has been delt in the patent PCT/EP03/51115.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
All the technologies of radiant energy subject of the present patent for eliminating the noxious pollutants existing in the exhaust gases of engines at Otto and/or Diesel cycle internal combustion, are applied to a reactor in different forms, as already described in patents PCT/EP03/51113 and PCT/EP03/51115. In the detail the forms of the radiant reactor can be: linear tube (figure 2), "U" tube (figure 3), "double U" tube (figure 5), "W" or "M" tube (figure 6), "double spiral" (figure 8), multiple tubes with the recycle of exhaust gases (figure 9) and "spiral" (figure 10) included in a spherical container in which the base of manoeuvering and controlling of this sphere will be a GPS program based on an inertia ellipsoid .
In all the forms represented in the drawings the working is as follows: the exhaust gases coming from the internal combustion engines are routed inside the radiant reactor e are hit by one, two or all the three described systems of radiation:
• radiant energy generated by 1 o more electric resistances
• radiant energy generated by microwaves • radiant energy generated by pulsed laser
BEST WAY TO REALIZE THE INVENTION The best way to realize the invention is first of all to use materials resistent to high temperatures (range 600 °C-1400°C) ; moreover it is fundamental for the industrial and commercial success of the invention that it is container in a waterproof case perfectly free of parasitic and/or galvanic currents, of heat injections and of humidity and insulated with proper materials and thickness in relation with the demands of any applications , and with a depression produced by a soft and/ or strong vacuum pump.
The system as combined is applied as a KIT on the collector of any Otto or Diesel engine. The system is supplied with a control exchange with by-pass at high temperature or at smoke alarm or in presence of any other irregular working.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The high temperatures field reachable by processes of transfer of heat without flame, and by that definable under the name of radiant processes and microwaves processes, is a sector in very rapid expansion and, as already outlined, it is possible to find interesting points in the already existing applications, but simply in specified sectors of any single technology and not related to their interconnection for a well defined aim which in our case is the elimination of any kind of pollutant included into the exhaust gases from the combustion of cycle Otto or cycle Diesel engines fuelled by hydrocarbons of various kinds and anyway derived from fossil material. The invention field expands to the combustions of public and private land carriers which burn fossil fuel, as well as river crafts, internal sea and ocean marine carriers, to heating plants either for single units or for big housing estates, in addition to all heating plants of public buildings, and big power plants for the production of electricity from fossil fuel.
A further application required for the invention principle is the study for the development of aviation, where the almost quadratic rising in the flights number per year is producing pollution either on the soil level in low atmosphere or in high atmosphere with heavier and heavier effects in the time.

Claims

1. Process which utilizes together the radiant energy produced by radiant tubes, the radiant energy derived from microwaves and the technology of pulsed laser for eliminating the noxious pollutants, dust, gases and carbon particulates of the emissions of diesel and gasoline engines as well as of heavy and/or normal gas oil heating burners characterized by the fact that this process happens in a reactor where contemporarily or in order can be triggered the three forms of radiant energy originated by heating by means of radiant energy of radiant tubes, radiant energy from microwaves and radiant energy by pulsed laser.
2. Process following claim 1 in which the radiant energy from microwaves acts directly on the exhaust gases flux.
3. Process following claim 1 in which the radiant energy of pulsed laser acts on the surface of the reactor's chamber of combustion.
4. Process following claim 1 in which the radiant energy supplied by radiant tubes acts either on the surface of the reactor' s chamber of combustion or on exhaust gases flux.
5. Process following claim 1 in which are used diagrams of different temperatures, linked to different phenomena of heat transfer, which overlap at the best point of efficiency, LAMBDA zone, figure 1 . In that triple point, meeting point of three different phases of the material, will be reached the maximum capacity of destroying the pollutant.
β. Process following claims 1 and 5 which utilizes the mathematical physical formalism by Landau used for the description of liquid helium.
7. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 2 made up by an external case (201) where is set the pulsed laser heating system (202), by an inner box (211) where are the cavities of microwaves (212) and the radiant body (221) made by a simple linear tube heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (222) and passed through by the exhaust gases (231) .
8. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape as represented in figure 3 made up by an external case (301) where is set the pulsed laser heating system (302), by an inner box (311) where are the cavities of the microwaves (312) and the radiant body (321) in "U" form, heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (322) and passed through by the exhaust gases (331) .
9. Process following claims 1 and 8 which, instead of the electric resistances put as spirals on the radiant tubes, utilizes panels (401) with one or more electric resistances (402) in which the radiant body (403) in "U" shape is passed through by the exhaust gases (404) as represented in figure 4.
10. Process following claims 1, 8 and 9 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 5 made up by a radiant body (501) in "double U" form heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (502) and passed through by the exhaust gases (503) .
11. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 6 made up by an external case (601) where is located the pulsed laser heating system (602), by an inner box (611) where are the microwaves cavities (612) and the radiant body (621) in "W" or «[4" form heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (622) and passed through by the exhaust gases (631) .
12. Process following claims 1 and 11 which, alternatively to the electric resistances put as spirals on the radiant tubes, utilizes panels (701) with one or more electric resistances (702) where the radiant body (703) in "U" or λΛM" shape, is passed through by the exhaust gases (704) as represented in figure 7
13. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 8 made up by an external case (801), by an inner box (811) where are located the microwaves cavities (812) and the radiant bosy
(821) in a "double toroid" shape heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (802) and passed through by the exhaust gases (831).
14. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 9 made up by a shell (901) in which is located the heating system by means of electric resistances, by one or more microwaves cavities (912) and the radiant body (921), made up by a multiple composition of radiant tubes laid-out in order to allow the exhaust gases recycle, is heated by radiant energy supplied by one or more electric resistances (922) and passed through by the exhaust gases (931) .
15. Process following claim 1 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 10 made up by an external case (1001) in spheric form where is located the heat transfer system by pulsed laser (1002) fixed and/or rotating around the external body, by an inner box (1011) where are the microwaves cavities (1012) and the radiant body (1021) in "volute" form where the exhaust gases (1031) are contemporarily or in order pushed and bombarded by pulsed laser (1002) and by microwaves (1012)
16. Process following claims 1 and 15 which happens in a reactor of shape represented in figure 11 in which the radiant body (1101) has a Moebious ring form and is passed through by the exhaust gases (1102) which are bombarded contemporarily or in order by the pulsed laser and by the microwaves .
17. Process following claims 1 and 5 where the reactor is built of Inconel Alloy material and/or ceramics and/or nanostructured polymers and/or nanofibers (nanotubes) and anyway with all the materials and/or alloys (alumina) able to work till a temperature of at least 14000C.
18. Process following claim 1 in which the reactor is put in a thermal insulated container in order that outside there is a temperature accepted by normal thermal exchange coefficients with the exterior.
19. Process following claim 1 with total health protection from microwaves emissions by means of a proper shielding ( composites materials) .
20. Process following claim 1 and 5 which include to encapsulate the system in order to work in conditions of soft and/or strong vacuum.
21. Process following claim 1 equipped with a security system able to stop one or all the three technologies utilized in case of possible irregularities of the system itself.
22. Process following claim 1 with a system interlock in case extraordinary events happen like earthquake, flood, fire, attack, and which anyway allows the system to work in function of a defined critical loading pression so that, at reaching the pressure critical value, the system is locked with a consequent self exclusion.
23. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of beeing fuelled by energy deriving from fuel cells.
24. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by self-oriented solar panels
25. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by a system of termocouples made of last-generation materials such as for ex. samarium sulphide.
26. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by eolic energies.
27. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by energies deriving from gravitational differentials obtained from the ocean masses of tides.
28. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by energies deriving from thermal differentials existing among various layers of the earth surface which can lead up to use the energy produced by steams compressed inside the same layers.
29. Process following claim 1 characterized by the fact of being fuelled by radioactive material located in safe places by which through the beta decay electricity is produced.
EP05734827A 2005-03-30 2005-03-30 Radiant power from pulsed laser and microwave for eliminating noxious emissions of hydrocarbon combustions Withdrawn EP1907674A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IT2005/000173 WO2006103704A1 (en) 2005-03-30 2005-03-30 Radiant power from pulsed laser and microwave for eliminating noxious emissions of hydrocarbon combustions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1907674A1 true EP1907674A1 (en) 2008-04-09

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WO (1) WO2006103704A1 (en)

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WO2014171960A1 (en) * 2013-04-17 2014-10-23 Schlumberger Canada Limited Apparatus and method employing microwave resonant cavity heating for visbreaking of hydrocarbon fluid
WO2014189533A1 (en) * 2013-05-21 2014-11-27 Schlumberger Canada Limited Apparatus and method employing microwave resonant cavity heating of hydrocarbon fluid
GB201722035D0 (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-02-14 Arcs Energy Ltd Fluid traetment apparatus for an exhaust system and method thereof

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WO2006103704A1 (en) 2006-10-05
US20090266051A1 (en) 2009-10-29

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