EP1820631A2

EP1820631A2 - Press for processing any type of material

Info

Publication number: EP1820631A2
Application number: EP07008281A
Authority: EP
Inventors: August Van Der Beek; Reyk Buch; Harald Pechtel; Andreas Klother; Michael Schaaf
Original assignee: Metso Lindemann GmbH
Current assignee: Metso Lindemann GmbH
Priority date: 2002-03-21
Filing date: 2003-02-18
Publication date: 2007-08-22
Anticipated expiration: 2023-02-18
Also published as: BR0308595A; UA77497C2; EP1820631B1; EA006692B1; ZA200408483B; KR20040111416A; HRPK20040978B3; YU82204A; GEP20074187B; IS7428A; AT468964T; DE50312752D1; JP2005526622A; HRP20040978A2; EA200401087A1; NO20044430L; DE10212730A1; CA2479689A1; CN1321806C; DK1820631T3

Abstract

The press has a bed (1) for filling, compacting and feeding the material. A downward column (2) has at least one stamp in it driven by a hydraulic cylinder attached to a crosshead (2.1) of the column,. There are at least two more hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic control has a control unit (7) and tubes (6).

Description

The invention relates to a press for processing such as pressing and / or shearing material of any kind, in particular metal scrap or waste.

Ein Bett zum Auffüllen und strangartigen Verdichten sowie Zuführen dieses Materials zur weiteren Bearbeitung wie Pressen und/oder Scheren mit ersten hydraulischen Zylindern für den Antrieb der Verdichtungs- und Zuführschritte,
einen nachgeordneten Ständer mit (mindestens) einem darin geführten und von einem in einem Querhaupt des Ständers befestigten zweiten hydraulischen Zylinder angetriebenen Stampfer zum weiteren Verdichten und/oder Niederhalten des Materials gegen einen Tisch,
mindestens einen dritten hydraulischen Zylinder für die Endbearbeitung wie Pressen und/oder Scheren des Materials gegen den Tisch und
eine Hydrauliksteuerung mit Steuerblock und Rohrleitungen zum Betrieb der besagten hydraulischen Zylinder .

A bed for filling and string-like compacting and supplying this material for further processing such as pressing and / or shearing with first hydraulic cylinders for driving the compacting and feeding steps,
a downstream stand having (at least) a ram driven therein and driven by a second hydraulic cylinder mounted in a crosshead of the stator for further compacting and / or holding the material against a table;
at least a third hydraulic cylinder for finishing such as pressing and / or shearing the material against the table and
a hydraulic control with control block and piping for the operation of said hydraulic cylinder.

Basically, these presses have proven themselves. However, they have so far been improved only in individual functions, assemblies and individual parts.
In an overall view of the previous improvements can be found no approaches that increase the efficiency of such presses in their technological functions and design refinements.

die Zuführung des zu bearbeitenden Materials verbessert,
ein weitgehend aufeinander abgestimmter Betrieb der Funktionsschritte gesichert,
der kinematische Ablauf der Funktionselemente und die zu installierenden Antriebskräfte optimiert,
eine insgesamt kompakte Bauweise wie durch Reduzierung der Beladungshöhe und Bettlänge erzielt,
der Verschleißzustand kontrolliert und
der Betriebszustand einerseits von den kinematischen Abläufen der aufeinander abzustimmenden Arbeitsschritte und andererseits vom Hydrauliksystem überwacht und für den Pressenbetreiber sichtbar gemacht

improves the supply of the material to be processed,
secured a largely coordinated operation of the functional steps,
the kinematic sequence of the functional elements and the driving forces to be installed are optimized,
Achieves an overall compact design as by reducing the loading height and bed length,
the state of wear is controlled and
the operating state, on the one hand, monitored by the kinematic sequences of the work steps to be coordinated with one another and, on the other hand, by the hydraulic system and made visible to the press operator

a) das Bett aus einem Boden einer Wand, einer auf dem Boden parallel zur Wand verschiebbaren Preßplatte eines Seitenschiebers mit einem hydraulischem Zylinder einem an der Wand schwenkbeweglich gelagerten Preßdeckel mit mindestens einem hydraulischen Zylinder, einer auf dem Boden quer zur Richtung der Preßplatte verschiebbaren Vorschubplatte eines Schiebers mit dem hydraulischem Zylinder, Füßen und einem Fülltrichter gebildet ist, wobei in einer funktionell gesteuerten Taktfolge der Seitenschieber mit Preßplatte und der Preßdeckel den Querschnitt des strangartig verdichteten Materials formen und der Schieber mit Vorschubplatte das so geformte Materials im Sinne eines Vorschubs der Endbearbeitung wie Pressen und/oder Scheren im Ständer zuführt,
b) der Ständer aus dem die Seitenteile verbindenden Querhaupt und dem Tisch als geschlossener, steifer Rahmen zur Aufnahme der auftretenden Reaktionskräfte gebildet und zum Anschluß des Bettes ausgeführt ist,
c) die hydraulischen Zylinder mit Kolben zu Bezugspunkten und/oder -größen korrespondierende Mittel zur funktionell integrierten Messung des Weges, der Geschwindigkeit, der Beschleunigung und/oder des Druckes eines kinematischen Zustandes mindestens eines Maschinenteils, eines Betriebszustandes und/oder des Materials für einen optimierten und taktmäßig abgestimmten Betriebsablauf und/oder Bearbeitungsprozeß des Materials aufweisen und
d) in der Hydrauliksteuerung Mittel vorgesehen sind, die mindestens in einem der hydraulischen Zylinder am Ende dessen Arbeitshubes einen Dämpfungsdruck wie zur Dämpfung eines sogenannten Schnittschlages und/oder Endschlages erzeugen.

According to the invention this complex problem is solved in that

a) the bed of a bottom of a wall, a displaceable on the floor parallel to the wall pressure plate of a side slide with a hydraulic cylinder a pivotally mounted on the wall press cover with at least one hydraulic cylinder, a displaceable on the floor transversely to the direction of the press plate feed plate of a Slider is formed with the hydraulic cylinder, feet and a hopper, wherein formed in a functionally controlled timing of the side slide with pressure plate and the press cover the cross section of the strand-like compacted material and the slide with feed plate the material thus formed in the Feeds in the stand in the sense of a feed of finishing such as pressing and / or shearing,
b) the stand is formed from the cross member connecting the side parts and the table as a closed, rigid frame for receiving the reaction forces occurring and designed to connect the bed,
c) the hydraulic cylinders with pistons corresponding to reference points and / or sizes corresponding means for functionally integrated measurement of the path, the speed, the acceleration and / or the pressure of a kinematic state of at least one machine part, an operating condition and / or the material for an optimized and timed operation and / or machining process of the material and have
d) in the hydraulic control means are provided which generate at least in one of the hydraulic cylinder at the end of its working stroke a damping pressure as for damping a so-called cutting stroke and / or end impact.

This is the bed

a) according to the construction group for an optional left or right version, as seen in the plan view of the bed, with at least one technologically identical subassembly,
b) lined with mutually identical wear plates, which correspond to the dimensions of at least one module in their respective variety, and
c) configured in at least one wear plate with a means for indicating the state of wear.

Furthermore, a torsion shaft is mounted on or in bed and connected by means of at least one kinematic transmission such as levers via a connecting rod-like tab with the pressure plate such that the torsion shaft with lever and the tab to prevent tilting of the pressure plate of the side slide a horizontal parallel thrust on the material and at the same time exerts a force component to the bottom of the bed to prevent the lifting of the press plate.

a) einen um die Wand und/oder den Boden zumindest zu einem Teil herumführbaren Kraftarm aufweist, der mit dem hydraulischen Zylinder verbunden ist, welcher vorzugsweise unterhalb des Bodens angelenkt ist,
b) einen auf das Material wirkenden Preßarm aufweist, der durch den eigentlichen Preßdeckel gebildet ist, und die Schwenkachse des Preßdeckels entlang einer oberen Kante der Wand verläuft,
c) mit seinem Kraftarm und hydraulischen Zylinder sowie seinem Preßarm in seiner jeweiligen Stellung und Ausübung der vertikal auf das Material wirkenden Verdichtung so ausgebildet ist, daß die mit der Schwenkbewegung eingeleitete Größe der die Verdichtung des Materials bewirkenden Kraft des Preßarmes, beginnend mit der Winkelstellung 0° des Preßdeckels, bezogen auf die Wand, bis zur Winkelstellung ca. 40°-60° ansteigend ist, wobei nach Erreichen einer Winkelstellung von ca. 100° die wirkende Kraft immer noch größer ist als die bei Beginn der Schwenkung auf das Material wirkende Kraft und
d) demzufolge die auf die Bildung des Stranges des Materials wirkende Kraft in jeder Stellung >0° des Preßdeckels mit einem Vielfachen der bei 0° wirkenden Kraft ausübt (siehe Diagramm nach Fig. 3).

The press cover is designed such that it

a) comprises a force arm that can be guided around the wall and / or the floor at least in part, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder, which is preferably articulated below the floor,
b) has a pressing arm acting on the material, which is formed by the actual press cover, and the pivot axis of the press cover along an upper edge of the wall,
c) is formed with its power arm and hydraulic cylinder and its pressing arm in its respective position and exercise of vertically acting on the material compression so that the introduced with the pivoting movement of the size of the material causing the compression force of the pressing arm, starting with the angular position 0 ° of the press cover, based on the wall, is rising to the angular position about 40 ° -60 °, wherein after reaching an angular position of about 100 ° the acting force is still greater than the force acting on the material at the beginning of the pivoting force and
d) Accordingly, the force acting on the formation of the strand of the material force in each position> 0 ° of the press cover with a multiple of the force acting at 0 ° force exerts (see diagram of FIG. 3).

The further embodiments of the bed are shown in the features of claims 5 to 9.

a) in dem Ständer ein vertikal beweglicher Schlitten zur Aufnahme eines Messers geführt, welches gegen ein feststehendes Messer im Tisch arbeitet, wobei, in Vorschubrichtung des stangenartig im Bett vorgepreßten Materials gesehen, besagte Messer nach dem weiteren Verdichten und/oder Niederhalten des Materials durch den Stampfer dieses trennen, und
b) der Schlitten an jeden Seiten des Ständers sowohl zwischen einer inneren, feststehenden Führung als auch einer äußeren, nachstellbaren Führung geführt ist.

Functionally and structurally corresponding to the bed becomes with the execution of the press as so-called scrap shears

a) guided in the stand a vertically movable carriage for receiving a knife, which operates against a fixed knife in the table, said, seen in the feed direction of the rod-like material in the bed, said knife after the further compression and / or hold down of the material by the Separate this rammer, and
b) the carriage is guided on each side of the stand both between an inner, fixed guide and an outer, adjustable guide.

To realize larger cutting lengths in the so-called partial stroke of the carriage, i. when the carriage is not fully raised, the dimensions of the rammer in its depth (viewed in the direction of advance of the material) are in an optimized ratio to the usual cutting lengths, which also prevents upsetting of the strand-like pre-pressed material.

In the claims 12 to 14 further features are shown, which optimize the stand in its function as a press in the sense of the task.

berührungslos,
absolut in jeder Stellung,
optisch,
magnetisch und/oder
mittels Schall

messende Mittel sein.In the press according to the invention, the means for the functionally integrated measurement of the path of the speed, the acceleration and / or the pressure of a kinematic state

Non-contact,
absolutely in every position,
optically,
magnetic and / or
by sound

be measuring means.

With the features according to claims 16 and 17, the press is supplemented especially in their execution as scrap shears, according to the features of claims 18 to 26, the press is optimally designed in its overall function to fulfill the task of the invention.

Fig. 1a: die Presse in perspektivischer Gesamtdarstellung, gesehen vom Stand-ort des abzuführenden, bearbeiteten Materials,
Fig. 1b: die Presse in perspektivischer Draufsicht auf den Bereich des auf das Bett aufzugebenden Materials,
Fig. 2a: das Bett der Presse im Querschnitt in offener Stellung,
Fig. 2b: das Bett gemäß Fig. 2a in geschlossener Stellung mit gepreßtem Strang und vorgefülltem Material,
Fig. 3: die grafische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäß wirkenden Kräfte (neu) des Preßdeckels im Vergleich zu den bisher wirkenden Kräften (alt),
Fig. 4a: das Bett in der Draufsicht im Längsschnitt in sogenannter Linksausführung,
Fig. 4b: das Bett in der Draufsicht im Längsschnitt in sogenannter Rechtsausführung,
Fig. 5a: der Ständer in der Seitenansicht im Längsschnitt in der Ausführung als Schrottschere,
Fig. 5b: der Ständer gemäß Fig. 5a in der Draufsicht im Querschnitt und
Fig. 6: das Steuerschema einer Dämpfung des Schnittschlages der schematisch eingebundenen Schrottschere.

Show it

Fig. 1a: the press in an overall perspective, as seen from the location of the processed material to be removed,
Fig. 1b: the press in a perspective plan view of the area of the material to be placed on the bed,
Fig. 2a: the bed of the press in cross-section in the open position,
Fig. 2b: the bed according to Fig. 2a in the closed position with pressed strand and pre-filled material,
Fig. 3: the graphical representation of the inventively acting forces (new) of the press cover in comparison to the previously acting forces (old),
Fig. 4a: the bed in plan view in longitudinal section in so-called left-hand version,
Fig. 4b: the bed in plan view in longitudinal section in so-called right-hand design,
Fig. 5a: the stand in side view in longitudinal section in the execution as scrap shears,
Fig. 5b: the stator according to Fig. 5a in plan view in cross section and
Fig. 6: the control scheme of damping the cutting stroke of the schematically incorporated scrap shear.

ein Bett 1 zum Auffüllen und strangartigen Verdichten sowie Zuführen dieses Materials 3 zur weiteren Bearbeitung wie Pressen und/oder Scheren mit ersten hydraulischen Zylindern 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1 für den Antrieb der Verdichtungs-und Zuführschritte,
einen nachgeordneten Ständer 2 mit (mindestens) einem darin geführten und von einem in einem Querhaupt 2.1 des Ständers 2 befestigten zweiten hydraulischen Zylinder 2.2.2 angetriebenen Stampfer 2.2 zum weiteren Verdichten und/oder Niederhalten des Materials 3 gegen einen Tisch 2.5,
mindestens einen dritten hydraulischen Zylinder 2.4.2 für die Endbearbeitung wie Pressen oder Scheren des Materials 3 gegen den Tisch 2.5 und
eine Hydrauliksteuerung 5 mit Steuerblock 7 und Rohrleitungen 6 zum Betrieb der hydraulischen Zylinder 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2.

According to FIGS. 1 to 2 and 4 to 5, the press in its universal function for processing such as pressing and / or shearing of material 3 of any kind, in particular metal scrap or waste

a bed 1 for filling and string-like compacting and feeding this material 3 for further processing such as pressing and / or shearing with first hydraulic cylinders 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1 for driving the compacting and feeding steps,
a downstream stator 2 with (at least) one guided therein and by a mounted in a crosshead 2.1 of the stator 2 second hydraulic cylinder 2.2.2 driven rammer 2.2 for further compacting and / or holding down the material 3 against a table 2.5,
at least one third hydraulic cylinder 2.4.2 for finishing such as pressing or shearing the material 3 against the table 2.5 and
a hydraulic control 5 with control block 7 and piping 6 for operating the hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2.

die Zuführung/Beladung des zu bearbeitenden Materials 3 verbessert,
einen weitgehend aufeinander abgestimmten Betrieb der Funktionsschritte sichert,
den kinematischen Ablauf der Funktionselemente und den Kraftaufwand dafür optimiert,
eine reduzierte Beladungshöhe und Bettlänge aufweist,
den Verschleißzustand kontrolliert und
den Betriebszustand sowohl von den kinematischen Abläufen als auch vom Hydrauliksystem überwacht und für den Pressenbetreiber sichtbar macht.

The press according to the invention is designed to increase their overall efficiency so that they

improves the feeding / loading of the material 3 to be processed,
ensures a largely coordinated operation of the functional steps,
optimizes the kinematic sequence of the functional elements and the effort required for this
has a reduced loading height and bed length,
controlled the state of wear and
monitors the operating status of both the kinematic sequences and the hydraulic system and makes it visible to the press operator.

Thus, on the one hand, the availability of the press and, on the other hand, the intensity of the processing of the material 3 and its output rate from the press are increased.

To realize this, the bed 1 is made of a bottom 1.1 of a wall 1.2, a 1.3 parallel to the wall 1.2 sliding pressure plate 1.3 a side slide with the hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1, a 1.2 pivotally mounted on the wall press cover 1.4 with at least a hydraulic cylinder 1.4.1, one on the bottom 1.1 transversely to the direction of the press plate 1.3 slidable feed plate 1.5 a slide with the hydraulic cylinder 1.5.1, 1.8 feet and a hopper 1.9 formed. In a functionally controlled cycle, the sideshifter with press plate 1.3 and the press cover 1.4 form the cross section of the extruded material 3. The slide with feed plate 1.5 lead the material 3 thus formed in the sense of a feed advance such as pressing and / or shearing in the stator 2 ,

Furthermore, the stand 2 is formed from the lateral parts 2.3 connecting crosshead 2.1 and the table 2.5 as a closed, rigid frame for receiving the reaction forces occurring and designed to connect the bed 1.

The hydraulic cylinders 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2 with pistons have means 4 corresponding to reference points and / or variables for the functionally integrated measurement of the path, the speed, the acceleration and / or the pressure of a kinematic state of at least one machine part, of an operating state and / or of the material 3 for an optimized and tactically coordinated operating sequence and / or machining process of the material 3.

According to Fig. 6 means 5.1 are provided in the hydraulic control 5, the at least in one of the hydraulic cylinders 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2 at the end of its working stroke a damping pressure as for damping a produce so-called cutting blows or end blows.

The bed 1 is advantageously divided in its assemblies according to FIGS. 4a and 4b for an optional left or right design with at least one technologically identical assembly 1.6.

For this purpose it is lined with mutually identical wear plates 1.7, which correspond to the dimensions of at least one assembly 1.6 in their respective multiplicity.

At least one wear plate 1.7 has a means 1.7.1 for indicating the state of wear.

On or in bed 1, a torsion 1.3.2 is mounted and connected by means of at least one kinematic transmission such as 1.3.2.1 lever via a connecting rod like tab 1.3.2.3 with the pressure plate 1.3 so articulated that the torsion 1.3.2 with lever 1.3.2.1 and the tab 1.3.2.3 for preventing the tilting of the pressure plate 1.3 of the side slide a horizontal parallel thrust on the material 3 and at the same time a force component to the bottom 1.1 of the bed 1 for preventing the lifting of the press plate 1.3 exerts

The press cover 1.4 has a force arm 1.4.2 which can be guided around the wall 1.2 and / or the bottom 1.1, at least in part, which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 1.4.1, which is preferably articulated below the floor 1.1,

On the material 3 acts a press arm 1.4.3, which is formed by the actual press cover 1.4. The pivot axis 1.2.1 of the press cover 1.4 extends along an upper edge of the wall 1.2.

With its power arm 1.4.2 and the hydraulic cylinder 1.4.1 and its press arm 1.4.3, the press cover 1.4 is formed in its respective position and exercise of vertically acting on the material 3 compression so that the introduced with the pivoting movement size of the compaction the material 3 causing force of the pressing arm 1.4.3, starting with the angular position 0 ° of the press cover 1.4, based on the wall 1.2, to the angular position about 40 ° -60 ° rising, wherein after reaching an angular position of about 100 ° the acting force is still greater than the force acting on the material 3 at the beginning of the pivoting. This effect is shown in FIG. 3 in a graphic comparison to the prior art.

Consequently, the force acting on the formation of the strand of the material 3 in each position> 0 ° of the press cover 1.4 is a multiple of the force acting at 0 °.

When fully open press cover 1.4 according to FIG. 2a, this is due to its own mass in a self-stabilizing end position.

To achieve a closed power flow, the at least one hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1 for the side slide 1.3 and the at least one hydraulic cylinder 1.4.1 for the press cover 1.4 are spatially integrated into the profile of the bed 1. For this purpose, the cross-sectional profile of the bed (1)

-shaped, and the hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1, 1.4.1 lie in a plane.

Suitably, the hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1 for the side slide 1.3 are supported in a bearing 1.3.2.2 on / in bed 1 and the hydraulic cylinder 1.4.1 articulated for the press cover 1.4 in a bearing 1.10 on / in bed 1.

Technologically favorable, the hopper 1.9 is superior to the bed 1 as a structural unit, which then record in the open position of the bed 1 of FIG. 2a, the entire batch of material to be processed 3 and in the closed position of the bed 1 as shown in FIG. 2b prefilled material 3 as at least a partial charge of the material to be processed 3 for the subsequent position can hold ready.

After desired timing of the side slider 1.3 and the press cover 1.4 is in the bed 1 in advanced position of the side slide 1.3 and pivoted position of the press cover 1.4, the material 3 to a strand with approximately rectangular and / or square cross-section pre-compressed and for the feed for further processing in the stand 2 prepared

Up to here, the description of a press according to the invention for the desired universal use, d. H. also exclusively as a press without shear function.

For use as a scrap shear, d. H. Press with shear function, is in the stand 2 as shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, a vertically movable carriage 2.4 is performed for receiving a knife 2.4.1, which operates against a fixed 2.5.1 knife in the table 2.5, wherein, in the feed direction of the string-like seen in bed 1 pre-pressed material 3, said blades 2.4.1, 2.5.1 after further compacting and / or holding down the material 3 by the rammer 2.2 this separate, and the carriage 2.4 on each side part 2.3 of the stator 2 both between an inner , fixed guide 2.3.1 as well as an outer, adjustable guide 2.3.2 out.

In order to be able to realize larger cutting lengths of the scrap shears in the so-called partial stroke of the carriage 2.4, that is, when the carriage 2.4 is not fully raised, the dimensions of the rammer 2.2 are in its depth (in the feed direction of the material 3 seen) in an optimized ratio to usual cutting lengths. Thus, compression of the strand-like pre-pressed material 3 can be avoided.

The tamper 2.2 is guided on a traverse 2.2.1, which counteracts the auf-frame shape of the stator 2 expanding forces.

At least one of the hydraulic cylinders 2.2.2, 2.4.2 can be used in the crosshead 2.1 of the stator 2 from above in a corresponding breakthrough, as well as locked after radial rotation and releasably secured.

According to another variant, at least one of the hydraulic cylinders 1.3.1, 2.2.2, 2.42 in its respective receptacle, such as e.g. in the crosshead 2.1 of the stator 2 from below, used in a corresponding breakthrough and releasably secured, wherein the fasteners are kraftweise to be laid out so that these only the forces of the respective hydraulic cylinder 1.3.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2 in the returning stroke have to take up.

messend sind.The functionally integrated means 4 for measuring the path, the speed, the acceleration and / or the pressure can be designed such that they

are measuring.

According to Fig. 1a and in particular Fig. 5a, the stator 2 is designed as a slide 2.6 inclined plane for gravity-dependent discharge of the cut material. 3 downstream, which is adjustable in dependence on the stroke of responsible for the cut of the material 3 hydraulic cylinder 2.4.2 in their inclination.

It is expedient if the blades 2.4.1, 2.5.1 in their respective holder by means of a hydraulic blade tensioning device 2.4.1.1, 2.5.2 according to Fig. 5a to avoid a game between the blades 2.4.1, 2.5.1 and their holder be attached.

To derive optimized operating sequences, it is possible to acquire values from the properties of the material 3 as a reference variable for the press via means such as sensors 2.7 (FIG. 5a).

It can also be seen from Fig. 5a that the rammer 2.2 can be operated coupled with or decoupled from the carriage 2.4.

Furthermore, according to FIG. 5a, a punch 2.4.3 previously acting on the material 3 is arranged on the carriage 2.4. 2.4.3.

In Fig. 1a it is shown that in order to achieve a high degree of pre-assembly and transport to the site a preassembled first assembly 6.1 of 6 pipes to a pair of feet 1.8 on bed 1 and a pre-assembled second assembly 6.2 of 6 pipes are mounted on the stand 2.

For the operation guidance of the press the use of a display with indication of the respective operating condition of at least one of the functions of the bed 1 and / or the stand 2 is to be recommended. For this purpose, predefined subprograms can be installed and optionally combined.

In order to be able to determine the state of wear of the machine on the basis of the pressure conditions, further means, not shown, are arranged at exposed points of the hydraulic cylinders 1.3.1, 1.4.1, 1.5.1, 2.2.2, 2.4.2.

Finally, the press according to the invention can be equipped for detecting and / or monitoring the operating state and / or the volume of the hydraulic medium in the entire hydraulic system for the functionally reliable or trouble-free operation with so-called dynamic control means, which are not shown here, via reference measurements at the start of the press check the hydraulic medium for the following operation and either cause the required operating condition and / or the required volume of hydraulic medium in the hydraulic system, such as in the event of leakage, or ensure that the press shuts off in the event of deviations from the nominal operating state of the hydraulic system

Claims

Press for processing material (3) of any kind, comprising a bed (1) for filling, string-like compacting and feeding of the material (3) for further processing such as pressing and / or shearing, the bed (1) being made of a floor (1.1 ), a wall (1.2), a on the bottom (1.1) parallel to the wall slidable pressing plate (1.3) of a side slide with at least one hydraulic cylinder (1.3.1), on the wall (1.2) pivotally mounted press cover (1.4) at least one hydraulic cylinder (1.4.1) and one on the bottom (1.1) transversely to the direction of the pressing plate (1.3) displaceable feed plate (1.5) of a slide with a hydraulic cylinder (1.5.1) is formed, characterized in that the press cover (1.4)
a) one around the wall (1.2) and / or the bottom (1.1) at least to a part feasible around force arm (1.4.2) which is connected to the, the press cover (1.4) associated hydraulic cylinder (1.4.1) .

b) has a pressing arm (1.4.3) acting on the material (3),

c) has a pivot axis (1.2.1) which runs along an upper edge of the wall (1.2),

d) with its power arm (1.4.2) and its hydraulic cylinder (1.4.1) and its press arm (1.4.3) is designed so that the force introduced by a pivoting movement and acting on the material (3) force of the press arm (1.4 .3), starting with an angular position 0 ° of the press cover (1.4) relative to the wall (1.2), is rising to the angular position about 40-60 ° and after reaching an angular position of about 100 °, this force is still greater than that at the beginning of the pivoting movement on the material (3) acting force.
Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic cylinder (1.4.1) of the press cover (1.4) is articulated below the bottom (1.1).
Press according to claim 1, characterized in that when the press cover (1.4) is completely open, it is in a self-stabilizing end position as a result of its own mass.
Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional profile of the bed (1) is U-shaped, the at least one hydraulic cylinder (1.3.1) for the side shifter (1.3) and the at least one hydraulic cylinder (1.4.1) for the Press cover (1.4) are spatially integrated into the profile of the bed (1) and the hydraulic cylinder (1.3.1, 1.4.1) lie in one plane.