EP1809970B1 - Mechanically-assembled heat exchanger and gasket therefor - Google Patents

Mechanically-assembled heat exchanger and gasket therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1809970B1
EP1809970B1 EP05790857.6A EP05790857A EP1809970B1 EP 1809970 B1 EP1809970 B1 EP 1809970B1 EP 05790857 A EP05790857 A EP 05790857A EP 1809970 B1 EP1809970 B1 EP 1809970B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
wall
heat exchanger
seal
overthickness
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EP05790857.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1809970A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Frasca
Jean-Philippe Berthome
Patrick Boisselle
Christine Holleville
Mickael Lambert
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS
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Publication of EP1809970A1 publication Critical patent/EP1809970A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/165—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using additional preformed parts, e.g. sleeves, gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/06—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints
    • F28F9/14—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by dismountable joints by force-joining

Definitions

  • the extra thickness forms a projection on the outer wall of the sleeve in the configuration before assembly.
  • the extra thickness forms a projection on the inner wall of the sleeve in the configuration before assembly.
  • the end of the sleeve has an end face in the region of which the contact between the tube and the inner wall of the sleeve ends and a tangent to this end face forms an angle of flaring with the tube. , which flare angle is straight or obtuse.
  • the sleeve 34 has an end 46 of generally annular shape.
  • the end 46 has an outer thickness 48 on the outer wall 44 and an inner extra thickness 50 on the inner wall 42.
  • the end 46 further comprises an end face 52 constituting the end of the sleeve 34.
  • the sleeve 34 penetrates the hole 22 and receives the tube 12 in the opening 40.
  • the passage of the tubes 12 for their introduction into the sleeve 34 is facilitated by a punch whose diameter is the same as that of the tubes 12.
  • the tube 12 has a diameter slightly greater than that of the opening 40, which urges the sleeve 34 against the tube 12.
  • a sleeve 134 has an end 146 of generally annular shape.
  • the end 146 differs by its external overthickness 148 and internal 150.
  • the section of the annular edge formed by the end 146 here has the shape of any quadrilateral.
  • the end face 152 forms a first side, the edges 154 and 156 respectively of the outer allowance 148 and the inner allowance 150 forming two other sides of this quadrilateral.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour des véhicules automobiles, et un joint qu'il comporte.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for motor vehicles, and a seal that it comprises.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement un échangeur de chaleur du type comprenant une multiplicité de tubes traversant des ailettes et ayant des extrémités introduites dans des trous d'une plaque collectrice avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité compressible, conforme au préambule de la revendication 1 ; elle concerne aussi un joint d'étanchéité conforme au préambule de la revendication 13. Un tel échangeur et un tel joint sont connus de FR 2794852A .It relates more particularly to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a plurality of tubes passing through fins and having ends inserted into holes of a header plate with the interposition of a compressible seal, according to the preamble of claim 1; it also relates to a seal according to the preamble of claim 13. Such an exchanger and such a seal are known from FR 2794852A .

De tels échangeurs de chaleur sont appelés aussi "échangeurs de chaleur à assemblage mécanique" car les tubes sont d'abord évasés dans une partie supérieure au droit du joint pour assurer l'étanchéité du raccordement des tubes et de la plaque collectrice à l'aide du joint et ensuite évasés à leur extrémité pour réaliser une retenue des tubes dans la plaque collectrice.Such heat exchangers are also called "mechanically assembled heat exchangers" because the tubes are first flared in an upper part to the right of the joint to seal the connection of the tubes and the collector plate using seal and then flared at their end to achieve a retention of the tubes in the collector plate.

On connaît des échangeurs de chaleur de ce type, dans lesquels un joint compressible forme des collets entourant les extrémités des tubes. Le document FR 2 740 869 décrit notamment un échangeur de chaleur comportant un joint compressible assurant l'étanchéité suite à la compression de ses collets par un évasement d'étanchéité des tubes.Heat exchangers of this type are known in which a compressible seal forms flanges surrounding the ends of the tubes. The document FR 2,740,869 describes in particular a heat exchanger comprising a compressible seal ensuring tightness following compression of its collars by a flaring of the tubes.

Dans l'état de l'art, on constate que la pression de contact du joint sur le tube n'est pas uniforme et qu'un évasement des collets par rapport aux tubes apparaît à l'extrémité des collets du joint, notamment suite à l'évasement d'étanchéité.In the state of the art, it is found that the contact pressure of the seal on the tube is not uniform and that flaring of the collars with respect to the tubes appears at the end of the collars of the seal, in particular following the flaring seal.

Les échangeurs de chaleur de ce type sont en particulier utilisés comme radiateurs de refroidissement d'un moteur de véhicule automobile. Cet évasement a alors pour conséquence l'infiltration et l'accumulation d'éléments nocifs contenus dans l'environnement de fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur. En particulier, des sels de corrosion ont tendance à s'infiltrer entre le joint et le tube par capillarité et remontent jusqu'à l'extrémité du tube, créant un chemin de fuite pour le fluide le traversant.Heat exchangers of this type are in particular used as cooling radiators of a combustion engine. motor vehicle. This flare then results in the infiltration and accumulation of harmful elements contained in the operating environment of the heat exchanger. In particular, corrosion salts have a tendency to infiltrate between the seal and the tube by capillarity and up to the end of the tube, creating a leakage path for the fluid passing therethrough.

D'autre part, l'utilisation de joints formant des collets entourant les extrémités des tubes crée la nécessité de l'évasement d'étanchéité précité afin d'assurer l'étanchéité, ce qui a pour effet de rallonger le cycle de production et d'entraîner les effets néfastes favorisant la corrosion comme décrit ci-dessus.On the other hand, the use of seals forming flanges surrounding the ends of the tubes creates the need for the aforementioned sealing flare to ensure sealing, which has the effect of lengthening the production cycle and reducing the pressure. cause the adverse effects promoting corrosion as described above.

L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter les inconvénients précités.The object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.

Elle propose à cet effet un échangeur de chaleur comportant une plaque collectrice percée de trous bordés par des collets pour recevoir des tubes avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité formant un manchon sur chaque tube, le manchon ayant une paroi interne et une paroi externe et présentant une extrémité de forme annulaire qui s'étend au-delà du collet, laquelle l'extrémité du manchon comporte dans une configuration avant assemblage une surépaisseur de forme choisie, la surépaisseur étant agencée pour appuyer, dans une configuration après assemblage, la paroi interne du manchon contre le tube, par contrainte élastique de rappel et dans la région de l'extrémité.It proposes for this purpose a heat exchanger comprising a collector plate pierced with holes flanked by collars to receive tubes with interposition of a seal forming a sleeve on each tube, the sleeve having an inner wall and an outer wall and having an annular end which extends beyond the collar, which end of the sleeve comprises in a configuration before assembly a chosen thickness of shape, the extra thickness being arranged to support, in a configuration after assembly, the wall internal of the sleeve against the tube, by elastic return stress and in the region of the end.

L'utilisation d'un tel joint dans un échangeur de chaleur permet de supprimer le besoin d'un évasement d'étanchéité. En effet, la surépaisseur à l'extrémité du manchon crée une contrainte radiale qui appuie le joint contre le tube sans que l'on ait besoin d'une opération d'assemblage supplémentaire. La surépaisseur crée ainsi une précontrainte du joint lors du positionnement du tube dans le couple joint/collecteur.The use of such a seal in a heat exchanger makes it possible to eliminate the need for a sealing flare. Indeed, the extra thickness at the end of the sleeve creates a radial stress that presses the seal against the tube without the need for an additional assembly operation. The The extra thickness thus creates a prestressing of the seal when the tube is positioned in the joint / manifold couple.

De préférence, la surépaisseur forme une saillie sur la paroi externe du manchon dans la configuration avant assemblage. Avantageusement, la surépaisseur forme une saillie sur la paroi interne du manchon dans la configuration avant assemblage.Preferably, the extra thickness forms a projection on the outer wall of the sleeve in the configuration before assembly. Advantageously, the extra thickness forms a projection on the inner wall of the sleeve in the configuration before assembly.

Ces deux caractéristiques de la surépaisseur permettent de réaliser un joint précontraint le plus approprié à la situation.These two characteristics of the extra thickness make it possible to produce a prestressed joint the most appropriate to the situation.

De préférence, l'extrémité du manchon comporte une face d'extrémité dans la région de laquelle se termine le contact entre le tube et la paroi interne du manchon et une tangente à cette face d'extrémité forme un angle d'évasement avec le tube, lequel angle d'évasement est droit ou obtus.Preferably, the end of the sleeve has an end face in the region of which the contact between the tube and the inner wall of the sleeve ends and a tangent to this end face forms an angle of flaring with the tube. , which flare angle is straight or obtuse.

L'utilisation d'un joint présentant une telle extrémité permet d'éviter les infiltrations d'éléments nocifs de l'environnement de fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur. En particulier, lorsque celui-ci est utilisé comme radiateur de refroidissement d'un moteur d'un véhicule automobile, cela empêche des sels de corrosion de s'infiltrer car l'angle formé par le joint avec le tube après assemblage est tel qu'il n'existe pas de jour dans lequel d'éventuels sels de corrosion pourraient se loger pour remonter par capillarité.The use of a seal having such an end avoids the infiltration of harmful elements of the operating environment of the heat exchanger. In particular, when it is used as a cooling radiator of an engine of a motor vehicle, it prevents corrosion salts from infiltrating because the angle formed by the seal with the tube after assembly is such that there is no day in which possible corrosion salts could be housed to go up by capillary action.

Avantageusement l'extrémité du manchon forme un bord annulaire présentant une section de forme trapézoïdale dont la face d'extrémité est la grande base et les deux côtés respectivement la surface de la paroi interne et la surface de la paroi externe dans la région de la surépaisseur. En variante, l'angle d'évasement est obtus et l'extrémité du manchon forme un bord annulaire présentant une section en forme de quadrilatère dont trois côtés sont respectivement la face d'extrémité, la surface de la paroi interne et la surface de la paroi externe dans la région de la surépaisseur.Advantageously, the end of the sleeve forms an annular edge having a trapezoidal section whose end face is the large base and the two sides respectively the surface of the inner wall and the surface of the outer wall in the region of the extra thickness . In a variant, the flaring angle is obtuse and the end of the sleeve forms an annular edge having a quadrilateral-shaped section whose three sides are respectively the end face, the surface of the inner wall and the surface of the outer wall in the region of the extra thickness.

Ces deux types d'extrémité utilisables dans le cadre de l'invention permettent une fabrication simple et fiable d'un joint précontraint pour un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention.These two types of end used in the context of the invention allow a simple and reliable manufacture of a prestressed seal for a heat exchanger according to the invention.

De préférence, les manchons du joint d'étanchéité dépendent d'une âme agencée pour être placée au contact de la plaque collectrice. L'introduction de gorges dans le manchon permet de fournir des espaces qui empêchent la capillarité.Preferably, the sleeves of the seal depend on a core arranged to be placed in contact with the collector plate. The introduction of grooves in the sleeve provides spaces that prevent capillarity.

L'invention concerne également un joint précontraint tel que celui utilisé dans l'échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention.The invention also relates to a prestressed joint such as that used in the heat exchanger according to the invention.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée à titre illustratif et non limitatif, dans laquelle on se réfère aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique partielle en coupe transversale d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, une fois assemblé ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe d'un manchon d'un joint précontraint utilisé dans une première forme de réalisation d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention avant l'assemblage de ce dernier ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe schématique partielle du manchon de la figure 2, une fois qu'il a reçu un tube, et avant évasement de ce dernier ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'une variante du manchon de la figure 2 ; et
  • la figure 6 représente une autre variante du manchon de la figure 2 ; et
  • la figure 7 représente une autre variante du manchon de la figure 2.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given by way of illustration and not limitation, in which reference is made to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to the invention, once assembled;
  • the figure 2 is a sectional view of a sleeve of a prestressed joint used in a first embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention before the assembly of the latter;
  • the figure 3 is a schematic sectional view along line III-III of the figure 2 ;
  • the figure 4 is a partial schematic sectional view of the sleeve of the figure 2 , once he has received a tube, and before flaring of the latter;
  • the figure 5 is a sectional view of a variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 ; and
  • the figure 6 represents another variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 ; and
  • the figure 7 represents another variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 .

L'échangeur de chaleur 10 représenté sur la figure 1 comporte un faisceau formé d'une multiplicité de tubes 12 de section ovale qui sont disposés parallèlement entre eux et sur une seule rangée. Les tubes 12 traversent une multiplicité d'ailettes 14 constituées par des plaques métalliques sensiblement rectangulaires parallèles entre elles. L'échangeur de chaleur 10 peut notamment être un radiateur de refroidissement d'un moteur de véhicule automobile.The heat exchanger 10 shown on the figure 1 comprises a beam formed of a multiplicity of tubes 12 of oval section which are arranged parallel to each other and in a single row. The tubes 12 pass through a multiplicity of fins 14 constituted by substantially rectangular metal plates parallel to each other. The heat exchanger 10 may in particular be a cooling radiator of a motor vehicle engine.

Chaque tube 12 comporte une extrémité libre 16 assemblée mécaniquement à une plaque collectrice 18 encore appelée "collecteur" ou "plaque à trous".Each tube 12 has a free end 16 mechanically assembled to a header plate 18 also called "collector" or "plate with holes".

La plaque collectrice 18 comporte une âme 20 de forme générale rectangulaire délimitant une multiplicité de trous 22 de section ovale, propres à recevoir les extrémités 16 des tubes. Chaque trou 22 est entouré par un collet 24 dirigé du côté des ailettes 14. L'âme 20 se prolonge par une gouttière périphérique 26 délimitant une gorge et terminée par un rebord périphérique 28 formant des pattes rabattables.The header plate 18 comprises a core 20 of generally rectangular shape delimiting a multiplicity of holes 22 of oval section, adapted to receive the ends 16 of the tubes. Each hole 22 is surrounded by a collar 24 directed towards the fins 14. The core 20 is extended by a peripheral channel 26 defining a groove and terminated by a peripheral rim 28 forming foldable legs.

La plaque collectrice 18 reçoit un joint d'étanchéité compressible 30 comportant une âme 32 venant s'appliquer sur l'âme 20 de la plaque collectrice 18. Cette âme 32 est reliée à une multiplicité de manchons 34 qui ont chacun un axe XX. Les manchons 34 s'introduisent chacun dans un trou 22 pour assurer l'étanchéité entre l'extrémité 16 d'un tube 12 et le collet 24 correspondant. Par ailleurs, l'âme 32 du joint 30 forme à sa périphérie un bourrelet 36 disposé dans la gouttière 26 de la plaque collectrice 18 et propre à assurer l'étanchéité avec une boîte collectrice (non représentée) lorsque le rebord périphérique 28 est rabattu.The header plate 18 receives a compressible seal 30 having a core 32 which is applied on the core 20 of the header plate 18. This core 32 is connected to a multiplicity of sleeves 34 which each have an axis XX. The sleeves 34 are each introduced into a hole 22 to ensure the seal between the end 16 of a tube 12 and the collar 24 corresponding. Furthermore, the core 32 of the seal 30 forms at its periphery a bead 36 disposed in the channel 26 of the header plate 18 and adapted to seal with a manifold (not shown) when the peripheral flange 28 is folded.

L'assemblage mécanique du tube 12 à la plaque collectrice 18 est réalisé par un évasement, dit de retenue, d'une partie supérieure du tube, une fois que son extrémité 16 est reçue dans un manchon 34. Le reste du tube 12 est de section constante.The mechanical assembly of the tube 12 to the collector plate 18 is made by a flaring, said retaining, of an upper part of the tube, once its end 16 is received in a sleeve 34. The rest of the tube 12 is of constant section.

La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe d'un manchon d'un joint utilisé dans une forme de réalisation préférée d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention, avant assemblage de ce dernier. Le joint est avantageusement réalisé en matériau élastomère tel qu'un caoutchouc naturel ou synthétique.The figure 2 represents a sectional view of a sleeve of a seal used in a preferred embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the invention, before assembly of the latter. The seal is advantageously made of elastomeric material such as a natural or synthetic rubber.

Le manchon 34 comporte une ouverture 40 destinée à recevoir le tube 12, délimitée par une paroi interne 42, une paroi externe 44 correspondant à la surface extérieure du manchon 34.The sleeve 34 has an opening 40 intended to receive the tube 12, delimited by an inner wall 42, an outer wall 44 corresponding to the outer surface of the sleeve 34.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 3, le manchon 34 a une forme générale ovale caractérisée par un grand axe ZZ et un petit axe YY perpendiculaires entre eux et à l'axe XX.As can be seen on the figure 3 , the sleeve 34 has a generally oval shape characterized by a major axis ZZ and a small axis YY perpendicular to each other and to the axis XX.

Dans une partie inférieure, le manchon 34 présente une extrémité 46 de forme générale annulaire. L'extrémité 46 comporte une surépaisseur externe 48 sur la paroi externe 44 et une surépaisseur interne 50 sur la paroi interne 42. L'extrémité 46 comporte en outre une face d'extrémité 52 constituant la fin du manchon 34.In a lower part, the sleeve 34 has an end 46 of generally annular shape. The end 46 has an outer thickness 48 on the outer wall 44 and an inner extra thickness 50 on the inner wall 42. The end 46 further comprises an end face 52 constituting the end of the sleeve 34.

L'extrémité 46 forme ainsi un bord annulaire présentant une section de forme générale trapézoïdale. La grande base de ce trapèze est constituée par la face d'extrémité 52. Les deux côtés du trapèze sont constitués respectivement par un bord externe 54 de la surépaisseur externe 48 et par un bord interne 56 de la surépaisseur 50.The end 46 thus forms an annular rim having a section of generally trapezoidal shape. The great base of this trapezium is formed by the end face 52. The two sides of the trapezium are constituted respectively by an outer edge 54 of the outer allowance 48 and an inner edge 56 of the excess thickness 50.

Lors de l'assemblage de l'échangeur de chaleur 10, on dispose dans un premier temps le joint 30 sur la plaque collectrice 18, de sorte que les manchons 34 pénètrent les trous 22. Les manchons 34 sont prévus pour que l'extrémité 46 s'étende au-delà des collets 24 lorsque le joint 30 est en place.During assembly of the heat exchanger 10, the gasket 30 is firstly arranged on the header plate 18, so that the sleeves 34 penetrate the holes 22. The sleeves 34 are provided so that the end 46 extends beyond the collars 24 when the seal 30 is in place.

Dans un second temps, on introduit chaque tube 12 dans l'ouverture du manchon 40 lui correspondant. Le maintien en place du tube 12 est assuré grâce à un évasement de retenue du tube 12, réalisé en appliquant un outil d'évasage communément appelé "poinçon d'évasement" à l'extrémité 16.In a second step, each tube 12 is introduced into the opening of the sleeve 40 corresponding thereto. The tube 12 is held in place by means of a retaining flare of the tube 12, produced by applying a flaring tool commonly known as a "flare punch" at the end 16.

La figure 4 représente une vue schématique partielle en coupe de l'échangeur de chaleur 10 au niveau d'un manchon 34 après introduction du tube 12 et avant la réalisation de l'évasement de retenue.The figure 4 is a partial schematic sectional view of the heat exchanger 10 at a sleeve 34 after introduction of the tube 12 and before the realization of the retaining flare.

Comme on peut le voir sur cette figure, le manchon 34 pénètre le trou 22 et reçoit le tube 12 dans l'ouverture 40. Le passage des tubes 12 pour leur mise en place dans le manchon 34 est facilité par un poinçon dont le diamètre est le même que celui des tubes 12. De ce fait, le tube 12 a un diamètre légèrement supérieur à celui de l'ouverture 40, ce qui sollicite le manchon 34 contre le tube 12.As can be seen in this figure, the sleeve 34 penetrates the hole 22 and receives the tube 12 in the opening 40. The passage of the tubes 12 for their introduction into the sleeve 34 is facilitated by a punch whose diameter is the same as that of the tubes 12. As a result, the tube 12 has a diameter slightly greater than that of the opening 40, which urges the sleeve 34 against the tube 12.

Plus précisément, le fait que le tube 12 a un diamètre plus important que celui de l'ouverture 40 crée dans le manchon 34 une contrainte élastique radiale dirigée vers l'intérieur de l'ouverture 40 représentée par les flèches F. Cette contrainte est uniformisée et intensifiée dans la région de l'extrémité 46 par la surépaisseur externe 48 qui tend à augmenter localement la raideur du manchon 34. La contrainte est encore augmentée par le fait que la surépaisseur interne 50 est comprimée par le tube 12. De plus et comme le montre la figure 4, il pourra exister un jeu entre le collet 24 et l'extrémité 46.More specifically, the fact that the tube 12 has a greater diameter than that of the opening 40 creates in the sleeve 34 a radial elastic stress directed towards the inside of the opening 40 represented by the arrows F. This constraint is standardized and intensified in the region of the end 46 by the outer allowance 48 which tends to increase locally the stiffness of the sleeve 34. The stress is further increased by the fact that the internal extra thickness 50 is compressed by the tube 12. Moreover, as shown in FIG. figure 4 there may be a clearance between the collar 24 and the end 46.

La face d'extrémité 52 est orthogonale à l'axe XX qui est également l'axe du tube 12 et par conséquent l'angle á1 formé par une tangente Ä1 à la face d'extrémité 52 avec l'axe XX est droit. De ce fait, le manchon 34 est sollicité contre le tube 12 et il ne peut pas y avoir d'infiltration d'éléments de l'environnement de fonctionnement de l'échangeur de chaleur par capillarité puisque tout espace entre le manchon 34 et le tube 12 est éliminé.The end face 52 is orthogonal to the axis XX which is also the axis of the tube 12 and therefore the angle λ1 formed by a tangent Ä1 to the end face 52 with the axis XX is straight. As a result, the sleeve 34 is biased against the tube 12 and there can be no infiltration of elements of the operating environment of the heat exchanger by capillarity since any space between the sleeve 34 and the tube 12 is eliminated.

L'utilisation d'un joint utilisant le manchon décrit ci-dessus dans un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention permet donc d'éviter les infiltrations de sels de corrosion, notamment lorsque l'échangeur de chaleur est utilisé comme radiateur de refroidissement d'un moteur de véhicule automobile. En outre, la fabrication de cet échangeur est simplifiée puisque l'évasement d'étanchéité n'est plus nécessaire, la contrainte radiale assurant l'étanchéité.The use of a gasket using the sleeve described above in a heat exchanger according to the invention thus makes it possible to prevent the infiltration of corrosion salts, especially when the heat exchanger is used as a cooling radiator. a motor vehicle engine. In addition, the manufacture of this exchanger is simplified since the flaring seal is no longer necessary, the radial stress ensuring tightness.

La figure 5 illustre une variante du manchon de la figure 2. Pour des raisons de similarité et de simplicité, seuls les éléments différents seront décrits et leurs références seront ajoutées du nombre 100.The figure 5 illustrates a variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 . For reasons of similarity and simplicity, only the different elements will be described and their references will be added of the number 100.

Dans cette variante, un manchon 134 comporte une extrémité 146 de forme générale annulaire. L'extrémité 146 diffère par ses surépaisseurs externes 148 et interne 150. En effet, la section du bord annulaire formé par l'extrémité 146 a ici la forme d'un quadrilatère quelconque. La face d'extrémité 152 forme un premier côté, les bords 154 et 156 respectivement de la surépaisseur externe 148 et de la surépaisseur interne 150 formant deux autres côtés de ce quadrilatère.In this variant, a sleeve 134 has an end 146 of generally annular shape. The end 146 differs by its external overthickness 148 and internal 150. Indeed, the section of the annular edge formed by the end 146 here has the shape of any quadrilateral. The end face 152 forms a first side, the edges 154 and 156 respectively of the outer allowance 148 and the inner allowance 150 forming two other sides of this quadrilateral.

Une tangente Ä2 à la face d'extrémité 152 forme un angle á2 obtus avec l'axe XX. Cela a pour avantage de rendre encore moins probable la remontée de sels de corrosion par capillarité une fois le tube 12 monté dans l'ouverture 40.A tangent Ä2 at the end face 152 forms an obtuse angle α2 with the axis XX. This has the advantage of making even less likely the rise of corrosion salts by capillarity once the tube 12 mounted in the opening 40.

La figure 6 représente une autre variante du manchon de la figure 2. Ici, la paroi interne 42 du manchon de la figure 2 est creusée de gorges 200 au niveau de l'ouverture 40.The figure 6 represents another variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 . Here, the inner wall 42 of the sleeve of the figure 2 is hollowed grooves 200 at the opening 40.

Les gorges 200 ont donc une forme ovale comme le manchon 34 et elles libèrent des espaces qui ralentissent les éventuelles remontées par capillarité entre le manchon 34 et le tube 12.The grooves 200 therefore have an oval shape like the sleeve 34 and they release spaces which slow down any possible capillary rise between the sleeve 34 and the tube 12.

La figure 7 représente une autre variante du manchon de la figure 2. Ici, la paroi interne 242 du manchon 234 présente un profil constant incliné par rapport à l'axe XX. La surépaisseur interne 250 est alors constituée par la partie de la paroi interne 242 de l'extrémité 246 du manchon 234.
Il est possible de combiner les diverses variantes décrites ci-dessus et d'utiliser pour le joint tout type de matière qui paraîtra approprié à l'homme du métier.The figure 7 represents another variant of the sleeve of the figure 2 . Here, the inner wall 242 of the sleeve 234 has a constant profile inclined with respect to the axis XX. The internal extra thickness 250 is then formed by the portion of the inner wall 242 of the end 246 of the sleeve 234.
It is possible to combine the various variants described above and to use for the joint any type of material that will appear appropriate to the skilled person.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation décrit ci-avant, seulement à titre d'exemple, mais elle englobe toutes les variantes que pourra envisager l'homme du métier.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, only by way of example, but encompasses all the variants that may be envisaged by those skilled in the art.

Claims (22)

  1. Heat exchanger comprising a header plate (18) pierced with holes (22) bordered by collars (24) in order to receive tubes (12) with interposition of a seal (30) forming a sleeve (34; 134) on each tube (12), the sleeve (34; 134) having an inner wall (42) and an outer wall (44) and having an end (46; 146) of annular shape which extends beyond the collar (24), characterized in that the end (46; 146) of the sleeve (34; 134) comprises, in a configuration before assembly, an overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150) of chosen shape, the overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150) being arranged to press, in a configuration after assembly, the inner wall (42) of the sleeve (34; 134) against the tube (12), by elastic return stress and in the region of the end (46; 146).
  2. Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that the overthickness forms a projection (48; 148) on the outer wall (44; 144) of the sleeve (34; 134) in the configuration before assembly.
  3. Heat exchanger according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the overthickness forms a projection (50; 150) on the inner wall (42; 124) of the sleeve (34; 134) in the configuration before assembly.
  4. Heat exchanger according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the inner wall (242) has a constant profile and is inclined with respect to an axis (XX) of the sleeve.
  5. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the end (46; 146) of the sleeve (34; 134) comprises an end face (52; 152) in the region of which there terminates the contact between the tube (12) and the inner wall of the sleeve (34; 134), and in that a tangent (Ä1; Ä2) to this end face (52; 152) forms a flare angle (á1; á2) with the tube, which flare angle (á1; á2) is a right angle or obtuse.
  6. Heat exchanger according to Claim 5, characterized in that the end of the sleeve (34) forms an annular edge having a cross section of trapezoidal shape of which the end face (52) is the large base and the two sides are respectively the surface (56) of the inner wall (42) and the surface (54) of the outer wall (44) in the region of the overthickness (46, 48).
  7. Heat exchanger according to Claim 6, characterized in that the flare angle (á2) is obtuse and the end of the sleeve (134) forms an annular edge having a cross section in the shape of a quadrilateral of which three sides are respectively the end face (152), the surface (156) of the inner wall (142) and the surface (154) of the outer wall (144) in the region of the overthickness (146, 148).
  8. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, at the level of the collar (24), the inner wall (42) of the sleeve (34) is provided with at least one annular groove (200).
  9. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sleeves (34; 134) of the seal (30) depend from a web (32) arranged to be placed in contact with the header plate (18).
  10. Heat exchanger according to Claim 9, characterized in that the web (32) is surrounded by a bead (36) arranged to be received in a groove (26) of the header plate (18).
  11. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tubes (12) have a cross section of generally oval or oblong shape.
  12. Heat exchanger according to Claim 11, characterized in that the tubes (12) have a constant cross section in a region beyond the hole (22) of the header plate (18) comprising the sleeve (34; 134), and in that they then have a flared cross section.
  13. Seal, in particular for a heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sleeves (34; 134), each sleeve (34; 134) having an inner wall (42; 142) and an outer wall (44; 144), the sleeve (34; 134) additionally having an end (46; 146) of annular shape comprising an overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150) of chosen shape, the overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150) being arranged to press the inner wall (42; 142) of the sleeve (34; 134) against a tube (12) which it can receive, by elastic return stress and in the region of the end (46; 146).
  14. Seal according to Claim 13, characterized in that the overthickness (48; 148) forms a projection on the outer wall (44; 144) of the sleeve (34; 134).
  15. Seal according to either of Claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the overthickness (50; 150) forms a projection on the inner wall (42; 142) of the sleeve (34; 134).
  16. Seal according to either of Claims 13 and 14, characterized in that the inner wall (242) has a constant profile and is inclined with respect to an axis (XX) of the sleeve.
  17. Seal according to one of Claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the end (46; 146) of the sleeve (34; 134) comprises an end face (52; 152), and in that a tangent (Ä1; Ä2) to this end face (52; 152) forms a flare angle (á1; á2) with an axis (XX) of the sleeve (34; 134), which flare angle (á1; á2) is a right angle or obtuse.
  18. Seal according to Claim 17, characterized in that the end (46) of the sleeve (34) forms an annular edge having a cross section of trapezoidal shape of which the end face (52) is the large base and the two sides are respectively the surface (56) of the inner wall (42; 142) and the surface (54) of the outer wall (44) in the region of the overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150).
  19. Seal according to Claim 18, characterized in that the flare angle (á2) is obtuse and the end (146) of the sleeve (134) forms an annular edge having a cross section in the shape of a quadrilateral of which three sides are respectively the end face (152), the surface (156) of the inner wall (42; 142) and the surface (154) of the outer wall (144) in the region of the overthickness (48, 50; 148, 150).
  20. Seal according to one of Claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the inner wall (42; 142) of the sleeve (34; 134) is provided with at least one annular groove (200).
  21. Seal according to one of Claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the sleeves (34; 134) of the seal (30) depend from a web (32) arranged to be placed in contact with a header plate (18) of a heat exchanger (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
  22. Seal according to Claim 21, characterized in that the web (32) is surrounded by a bead (36) arranged to be received in a groove (26) of the header plate (18).
EP05790857.6A 2004-07-30 2005-07-21 Mechanically-assembled heat exchanger and gasket therefor Active EP1809970B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0408460A FR2873800B1 (en) 2004-07-30 2004-07-30 HEAT EXCHANGER WITH MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY AND SEAL FOR THIS HEAT EXCHANGER
PCT/FR2005/001884 WO2006024734A1 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-21 Mechanically-assembled heat exchanger and gasket therefor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1809970A1 EP1809970A1 (en) 2007-07-25
EP1809970B1 true EP1809970B1 (en) 2017-07-19

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05790857.6A Active EP1809970B1 (en) 2004-07-30 2005-07-21 Mechanically-assembled heat exchanger and gasket therefor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1809970B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100513981C (en)
FR (1) FR2873800B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006024734A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2902511B1 (en) * 2006-06-19 2008-08-08 Valeo Systemes Thermiques COLLECTOR BOX FOR HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING SUCH A COLLECTOR BOX
ITUD20110191A1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2013-05-26 Bruno Pilosio PERFECT WING HEAT EXCHANGER AND PRODUCTION PROCEDURE
FR3035489B1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2017-05-05 Valeo Systemes Thermiques ANNULAR JOINT FOR HEAT EXCHANGER OF MOTOR VEHICLE
CN106837516A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-06-13 新乡市宏伟换热器有限公司 A kind of big machinery engines cooling water tank
EP3502521B1 (en) 2017-12-20 2023-05-10 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. A seal and a tubular heat exchanger using such seal
FR3082929B1 (en) * 2018-06-26 2020-07-03 Valeo Systemes Thermiques COLLECTOR BOX AND CORRESPONDING HEAT EXCHANGER
DE102018219171A1 (en) * 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Hanon Systems battery cooler

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FR2341095A1 (en) * 1976-02-10 1977-09-09 Hamon Clamping sleeve for tube in plate bore - has end flanges for trapping flexible sleeve at both ends
FR2529110B1 (en) * 1982-06-23 1985-08-23 Valeo METHOD FOR MOUNTING AT LEAST ONE TUBE ON A PLATE, TOOLS FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD AND THE RADIATORS, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS, AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
FR2555921B1 (en) * 1983-12-01 1986-10-10 Valeo METHOD FOR MOUNTING AT LEAST ONE TUBE ON A PLATE, SEALING MEMBER FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD, AND RADIATORS, PARTICULARLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLES, OBTAINED BY THIS PROCESS, AND OTHER APPLICATIONS
DE19849574B8 (en) * 1998-10-27 2010-02-11 Valeo Klimatechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Pipe connection between a collector of a motor vehicle heat exchanger and an outer pipe for the internal heat exchange fluid
FR2794852B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2001-08-31 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa HEAT EXCHANGER COMPRISING A ROW OF TUBES THROUGH HOLES OF A COLLECTING PLATE

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Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101010554A (en) 2007-08-01
CN100513981C (en) 2009-07-15
WO2006024734A1 (en) 2006-03-09
FR2873800A1 (en) 2006-02-03
FR2873800B1 (en) 2006-11-24
EP1809970A1 (en) 2007-07-25

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