EP1803501B1 - Dispositif de broyage avec moins de roulements - Google Patents

Dispositif de broyage avec moins de roulements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1803501B1
EP1803501B1 EP06024975A EP06024975A EP1803501B1 EP 1803501 B1 EP1803501 B1 EP 1803501B1 EP 06024975 A EP06024975 A EP 06024975A EP 06024975 A EP06024975 A EP 06024975A EP 1803501 B1 EP1803501 B1 EP 1803501B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
comminuting
synchronous motor
rotor
crushing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06024975A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1803501A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Lipowski
Thomas Sturm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vecoplan AG
Original Assignee
Vecoplan AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Vecoplan AG filed Critical Vecoplan AG
Publication of EP1803501A1 publication Critical patent/EP1803501A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1803501B1 publication Critical patent/EP1803501B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crushing device for waste and / or production residues comprising a drive device with a high-pole three-phase synchronous motor, which is directly connected to a, at least one shaft bearing device having crushing shaft, the crushing shaft has over its work area at its periphery crushing tools with an antidote cooperate to crush the material to be processed.
  • Such crushing devices are used for example for crushing wood, paper, plastic, rubber, textiles, production residues or waste from industry and commerce, but also for crushing bulky waste, household waste, paper and DSD collections and hospital waste, etc.
  • the material to be crushed is comminuted by the interaction of the crushing shaft with a fixed or movable antidote by cutting, shearing, crushing, tearing and / or rubbing.
  • a generic device is in the German patent DE 103 33 359 B3 described.
  • a high-pole three-phase synchronous motor torque motor
  • the abandonment of a transmission reduces the moment of inertia of the drive device.
  • the risk of damage in the drive itself or on the crushing shaft in a sudden blockage of the rotor, which is caused for example by a foreign body in the crushing reduced.
  • it is therefore possible to dispense with conventional protective measures such as disengagement clutches, slip clutches or shear bolt couplings. Shocks caused during operation are damped in the magnetic field of the synchronous motor and reach at most reduced on the drive housing. Due to the small number of machine elements, the overall efficiency of the drive is very low, which energy can be saved. The small number of machine elements also has the consequence that the maintenance costs are reduced.
  • the invention has the object of developing a generic crushing device so that its structure is further simplified.
  • the crushing device according to the invention is characterized in that the crushing shaft extends axially into the three-phase synchronous motor and the at least one shaft bearing device of the crushing shaft at least in sections is enclosed by the synchronous motor.
  • the crushing shaft in the crushing device according to the invention the function of a motor shaft at least partially takes over and thus at least one shaft bearing can be saved.
  • a three-phase synchronous motor used to drive the device according to the invention has a large number of poles to provide high torque and low ground speed.
  • three-phase synchronous motors with more than eight poles, more preferably more than sixteen poles, very advantageously more than twenty-two poles can be used.
  • the pole numbers of the synchronous motor indicated as being advantageous are particularly suitable for a mains frequency of 50 Hz.
  • the synchronous motor at least in sections encloses a shaft bearing device of the comminution shaft.
  • the bearing is circumferentially surrounded at least over a portion of its axial extent by radially outer engine parts such as the stator device (110) and / or the rotor device.
  • an electrical supply device controlled by a control device comprises a frequency converter to the output of which the synchronous motor is connected, so that the rotational speed of the comminution shaft can be set in a simple manner to the respective operating conditions. Furthermore, over the entire speed range the maximum torque can be provided, which facilitates, for example, the start-up phase or the device can be started even under load.
  • the device according to the invention can be controlled so that while maintaining a maximum torque in response to operating conditions, the speed is adjusted or in response to operating conditions, the torque is adjusted.
  • the comminution shaft protruding into the synchronous motor is designed as a motor shaft in this area and connected to the rotor device, i. is connected to the rotor of the synchronous motor.
  • the coupling of the rotor device with the comminuting shaft can be advantageously designed as a detachable connection device. In this case, both a non-positive and a positive connection type can be used.
  • This connection may be axial, radial and circumferential, i. to be rigid in the polar direction.
  • connection or coupling can advantageously be set up for transmission, but not for the conversion of torques.
  • the crushing device can be operated with a variety of three-phase synchronous motors.
  • the rotor field may be provided either by the use of a permanent magnet device, but it is also possible to provide the rotor with a field winding device in which a direct current flows.
  • the rotor device may comprise an external rotor, which cooperates with a rotating field of an inner stator of the synchronous motor.
  • the rotor device comprises an internal rotor which cooperates with a rotating field of an external stator of the synchronous motor.
  • Particularly advantageous because of the high torque that can be generated is the use of a rotor device of the synchronous motor which has a double rotor, i.
  • both excitation fields of the double rotor are generated by permanent magnet devices.
  • This rotor device is arranged between a stator device, which comprises an inner stator and an outer stator, wherein the double rotor cooperates with a rotating field of the inner stator and with a rotating field of the outer stator for driving the crushing shaft.
  • a particularly compact design results when the entire axial extension of the shaft bearing device is arranged in the interior of the synchronous motor.
  • the shaft bearing device is enclosed by radially outer parts of the synchronous motor, such as the stator device and / or the rotor.
  • stator device extends axially as far as the machine housing of the comminution device, the former can be connected directly to the machine housing to accommodate the reaction moments.
  • the shaft bearing of the crushing shaft has a bearing housing which is rigidly connected to the machine housing of the crushing shaft. It may be expedient if the crushing shaft extends axially through the bearing housing and the bearing housing projecting portion of the shaft is connected to the rotor means of the synchronous motor.
  • the common bearing of the comminution shaft and rotor of the synchronous motor is arranged approximately centrally to the axial extent of the rotor.
  • the bearing device is arranged as close as possible to the machine housing, to which it can be fastened for receiving the reaction moments.
  • the proximity of the bearing device to the machine housing has the advantage that thus the lever arms and thus the unavoidable bending moments can be kept low.
  • the synchronous motor and the crushing shaft are rigidly interconnected and together have two spaced-apart shaft bearing devices. It may be expedient if the two shaft bearing devices are arranged on the outside of the machine housing of the comminution shaft and the respective bearing housing is connected to these for receiving reaction moments. In this respect, the storage facilities are accessible from the outside, which facilitates the maintenance.
  • a shaft bearing device can expediently be arranged at both ends of the comminution shaft, wherein both ends of the comminuting shaft are respectively connected to the rotor device of one of the two three-phase synchronous motors for driving the comminuting shaft as described above.
  • the inventive principle that the shaft bearing device is at least partially surrounded or enclosed by the respective associated synchronous motor can be implemented for both shaft bearing devices. The electric control or electrical supply of the motors must then take place in such a way that the rotors of both motors rotate at the same speed.
  • the antidote may also be designed to be movable.
  • an adjacent comminution shaft is provided as an antidote for a comminution shaft, so that the adjacent comminution shafts mutually provide the respective antidote for comminuting the material to be processed.
  • This principle can also be applied to three or even more juxtaposed crushing waves, wherein in a juxtaposition of several crushing waves to the respective outer a fixed antidote be provided can.
  • a comminution device according to the invention which has a plurality of comminution shafts, it may be advantageous if at least two of the comminution shafts have one of the above-described couplings of comminution shafts and three-phase synchronous motor according to the invention implemented.
  • both comminution shafts being driven in the manner described by at least one three-phase synchronous motor.
  • FIG. 1a - 1c is an exemplary inventive crushing device 1, as can be used for example for waste such as wood, paper or plastics, presented in different perspectives. While Fig. 1a the device in a plan view is in Fig. 1b a side view with partially broken machine housing and in Fig. 1c a front view of the invention designed crushing device.
  • This has a housing 10 through which a crushing shaft 20 extends.
  • a bearing housing 26 is arranged on the outside of the machine housing 10 outside, which is rigidly connected to the machine housing of the crushing device and serves as the first storage location for the crushing shaft.
  • a three-phase synchronous motor 100 is in turn externally connected to the housing 10, being integrated into the motor in the manner described below second bearing of the shaft is arranged.
  • the comminution shaft 20 has over its work area, which is defined in the example given by wall sections 16 of the housing, on its periphery comminution tools in the form of cutting crowns 21.
  • the crushing space is defined by the table 17 and the wall sections 16.
  • the comminution tools cooperate with a fixed counter-means in the form of a knife cross-piece 22a, to which a knife 22 is fastened, for comminuting the material to be processed, see Fig. 1b ,
  • the comminuted material falls from above into the comminuting space defined by the wall sections 16 on the table surface 17 and is subsequently fed to the comminution tools by a slide 24 movable horizontally by means of the hydraulic drive 23. After the slider 24 has reached its, the crusher shaft nearest operating position, this is retracted again by means of the hydraulic drive, whereby further crushed material falls on the table 17, which is subsequently moved after the reversal of the movement of the slider in the direction of the crushing shaft.
  • the shredded good falls in relation to the Fig. 1a shown top down and is removed from there, for example by means of a tape.
  • the comminution shaft extends axially into the three-phase synchronous motor and is rigidly connected there to the rotor of the motor in the described embodiment.
  • the high-pole three-phase synchronous motor also referred to as a torque motor, has 24 poles.
  • the motor is connected in a manner not shown to the output of a controlled by a control device electrical supply device, which in turn is itself connected to a conventional 3-phase network with usual mains frequency of 50 - 60 Hz.
  • the control device comprises a frequency converter, wherein the rotational state of the motor and thus the rotational state of the comminution shaft is detected and passed on to the control device.
  • the controller can be supplied via additional input lines additional information, in particular about the state of the processed material to be processed and used by this to control the motor.
  • the frequency converter operates in a conventional manner, by generating from the 3-phase AC power from the grid by means of a rectifier bridge DC and then converted by means of an inverter in a 3-phase alternating current with variable frequency and voltage, with the then Three-phase synchronous motor is powered.
  • the controller controls the controller for setting a certain output voltage, an associated output current and / or frequency, so in the present example, the engine speed, ie the speed of the crushing shaft between 1 - 340 1 / min. can be adjusted.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a schematic diagram for a first embodiment, the relative arrangement of shaft bearing, crushing shaft, housing and three-phase synchronous motor in a cross-sectional view.
  • the comminution shaft 20 extends on both sides through the housing 10, wherein on the left side in the illustration, a bearing housing 26 by means of a screw 29th is firmly connected to the housing 10, on which a rolling bearing is supported in movable bearing assembly 25 in which the shaft 20 is mounted.
  • a bearing housing 26 by means of a screw 29th is firmly connected to the housing 10, on which a rolling bearing is supported in movable bearing assembly 25 in which the shaft 20 is mounted.
  • the shaft 20 In the interior of the housing, ie on the work area of the crushing shaft has the latter crushing tools 21.
  • the shaft 20 also extends through the housing 10 and protrudes therefrom, see Fig.
  • a 24-pole three-phase synchronous motor 100 is arranged adjacent to the housing 10.
  • the motor rests with its stator 110 directly on the housing 10 and is coupled thereto by means of a rigid connection 111.
  • a bearing housing 28 is further connected, which is arranged radially inwardly of the stator 110 and thus is enclosed by the engine.
  • the bearing housing 28 holds a roller bearing in the bearing assembly 27, here a spherical roller bearing, through which the shaft 20 extends.
  • the shaft 20 extends only a few centimeters beyond the bearing 27 and is connected via a rigid shaft-rotor coupling 30 to a section of the rotor 123 which extends approximately perpendicularly to the axis.
  • this shaft-rotor coupling is designed in the form of a rigid disc clutch.
  • This rotor 120 is formed as an external rotor to the stator 110 and has in the example given to provide the exciter field on a permanent magnet device 122, which cooperates with the rotating field of the stator winding 114. Due to the fact that the comminution shaft extends into the motor 100 as described, the otherwise customary motor shaft and thus also the corresponding motor shaft bearing can be dispensed with.
  • the bearing disposed within the motor is located centrally within the axial extent of the rotor, whereby the influences due to the deformation of the crushing shaft on the engine in operation are minimized.
  • the permanent magnet device 122 is arranged radially outward of the stator 110.
  • the gap 115 between the rotor and the stator can be set very small, for example, a few millimeters due to the use of the fixed bearing 27, which can accommodate in particular high radial forces.
  • the motor housing 105 is also connected via a rigid connection 106 to the machine housing 10 of the comminution device 1.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment is in Fig. 3 represented essentially in two features from the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment differs.
  • Fig. 3 shows a crushing shaft as part of a crushing device according to the invention, in which two symmetrically constructed and symmetrically operated three-phase synchronous motors 100 are arranged.
  • the shaft 20 in turn extends into the respective synchronous motor so that it is surrounded radially by the stator 110 and the rotor 120.
  • FIG. 3 shows device are identical components provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the construction of three-phase synchronous motors in FIG. 3 to that of the in Fig. 2 The only difference is that in FIG. 3 the motor is equipped with an inner rotor, so that the stator 110 is arranged radially outside the rotor 120.
  • the arrangement of the bearing housing or the bearing relative to the machine housing or to the engine is identical to that in Fig. 2 specified embodiment.
  • one of the two shaft bearings designed as a floating bearing and the other as a fixed bearing to the unavoidable manufacturing tolerances to take into account the deformations during crushing due to bending moments and thermal expansion in operation.
  • the shaft bearing disposed within the respective motor can also in the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment, to arrange the shaft bearing disposed within the respective motor centered to the axial extent of the rotor in order to minimize the effects of occurring during operation deformations of the crushing shaft on the engine.
  • the air gap 115 between the rotor and stator can be set very low, for example, 1 to 2 mm.
  • FIG. 4 A further embodiment of a comminuting device 1 according to the invention is shown Fig. 4 ,
  • the storage and coupling of the crushing shaft 20 to the machine housing 10 by means of the rolling bearing in floating bearing assembly (left side of Fig. 4 ) is identical to the one in Fig. 2
  • the in Fig. 4 shown three-phase synchronous motor of the crushing device is designed as a double-rotor motor and accordingly has an inner and an outer permanent magnet means 122, 121 which form excitation fields, which cooperate with the corresponding rotating fields of the stator 110.
  • This has an inner stator 112 and an outer stator 113, which each cause the exciter fields associated rotating fields.
  • the comminution devices indicated in the figures each have a single comminution shaft.
  • a plurality, in particular two crushing shafts are provided, which extend parallel to each other and each other by the respective arranged at its periphery comminution tools provide the antidote for crushing the material to be processed.
  • These embodiments may be designed, as in the examples described in the figures, such that one or two three-phase synchronous motors are arranged on a single comminution shaft as described.

Claims (13)

  1. Dispositif de broyage (1) pour des déchets et/ou des restes de production, le dispositif comprenant un dispositif d'entrainement avec un moteur synchrone multipôle à courant triphasé (100) connecté directement à un arbre de broyage (20) comportant au moins un dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29), l'arbre de broyage (20) dans sa zone de fonction sur sa circonférence comportant des outils de broyage (21) coopérant avec un contre-dispositif (22) pour broyer le matériel à traiter, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre de broyage (20) s'étend axialement dans l'intérieur du moteur synchrone à courant triphasé (100) et en ce que l'au moins un dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) de l'arbre de broyage (20) est entouré du moteur synchrone (100) au moins par passages.
  2. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie de l'arbre de broyage (20) s'étendant dans l'intérieur du moteur synchrone (100) est formée comme un arbre de moteur et est connectée à un dispositif rotor (120) du moteur synchrone.
  3. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif rotor (120) du moteur synchrone est connecté à l'arbre de broyage (20) par un dispositif de connexion détachable (30).
  4. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le stator (110) du moteur synchrone (100) est connecté à la boîte de machine (10) du dispositif de broyage (1).
  5. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif rotor (120) comporte un induit extérieur coopérant avec un champ tournant d'un stator intérieur (112) du moteur synchrone (100).
  6. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif rotor (120) comporte un induit intérieur coopérant avec un champ tournant d'un stator extérieur (113) du moteur synchrone (100).
  7. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif rotor (120) comporte un induit double coopérant avec un champ tournant d'un stator intérieur (112) et avec un champ tournant d'un stator extérieur (113) du moteur synchrone (100).
  8. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) de l'arbre de broyage (20) entouré du moteur synchrone (100) au moins par passages, est disposé à peu près au centre du stator (110).
  9. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) de l'arbre de broyage (20) entouré du moteur synchrone (100) au moins par passages, comporte une boîte de roulement qui est connectée de manière rigide à la boîte de machine (10) du dispositif de broyage (1).
  10. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le moteur synchrone (100) et l'arbre de broyage (20) sont reliés l'un à l'autre de manière rigide et comporte dans l'ensemble deux dispositifs de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) écartés l'un de l'autre.
  11. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'est arrangé un dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) dans la zone de chacune des deux extrémités de l'arbre de broyage (20) et en ce que sont prévus deux dispositifs d'entrainement, chacun avec un moteur synchrone à courant triphasé (100), chacune des deux extrémités de l'arbre de broyage (20) étant reliée de manière rigide au dispositif rotor (120) de l'un des deux moteurs synchrones à courant triphasé (100) pour l'entrainement de l'arbre de broyage (20), et les dispositifs de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) étant entourés du moteur synchrone (100) respectivement associé, au moins par passages.
  12. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par un deuxième arbre de broyage (20) s'étendant parallèlement au premier arbre de broyage et comprenant sur sa circonférence des outils de broyage (21) coopérant avec ceux du premier arbre de broyage (20) pour former le contre-dispositif pour broyer le matériel à traiter, la deuxième arbre de broyage (20) qui comporte au moins un dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) étant directement connecté à un moteur synchrone multipôle à courant triphasé (100) d'un dispositif d'entrainement supplémentaire et s'étendant axialement dans l'intérieur du moteur synchrone à courant triphasé (100), et l'au moins un dispositif de roulement d'arbre (25, 26 ; 28, 29) du deuxième arbre de broyage (20) étant entouré du moteur synchrone à courant triphasé (100), au moins par passages.
  13. Dispositif de broyage (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre de broyage (20) est logé de manière libre à l'une de ses extrémités.
EP06024975A 2005-12-28 2006-12-02 Dispositif de broyage avec moins de roulements Not-in-force EP1803501B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005062963A DE102005062963A1 (de) 2005-12-28 2005-12-28 Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung mit reduzierter Lagerzahl

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1803501A1 EP1803501A1 (fr) 2007-07-04
EP1803501B1 true EP1803501B1 (fr) 2012-02-01

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EP06024975A Not-in-force EP1803501B1 (fr) 2005-12-28 2006-12-02 Dispositif de broyage avec moins de roulements

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US (1) US7757983B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1803501B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5403866B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE543568T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2571705C (fr)
DE (1) DE102005062963A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2381562T3 (fr)

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JP2002263515A (ja) * 2001-03-07 2002-09-17 Furomu Kogyo:Kk ディスポーザー
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JP2004338850A (ja) * 2003-05-14 2004-12-02 Toshiba Elevator Co Ltd エレベータドアの駆動装置
AU2004246744B2 (en) * 2003-06-17 2008-04-03 Xuning Wang Crushing and grinding mill and soybean milk maker with the mill and method therefor
DE10333359B3 (de) * 2003-07-23 2005-01-20 Vecoplan Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Abfälle
DE20313327U1 (de) * 2003-07-23 2003-11-13 Vecoplan Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Zerkleinerungsvorrichtung für Abfälle

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US20070164139A1 (en) 2007-07-19
CA2571705A1 (fr) 2007-06-28
EP1803501A1 (fr) 2007-07-04
JP5403866B2 (ja) 2014-01-29
US7757983B2 (en) 2010-07-20
ES2381562T3 (es) 2012-05-29
JP2007175702A (ja) 2007-07-12
CA2571705C (fr) 2009-06-23
ATE543568T1 (de) 2012-02-15
DE102005062963A1 (de) 2007-07-12

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