EP1781534B1 - Double skin tanker - Google Patents

Double skin tanker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1781534B1
EP1781534B1 EP05776905A EP05776905A EP1781534B1 EP 1781534 B1 EP1781534 B1 EP 1781534B1 EP 05776905 A EP05776905 A EP 05776905A EP 05776905 A EP05776905 A EP 05776905A EP 1781534 B1 EP1781534 B1 EP 1781534B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hull
inner shell
double
outer skin
tanker
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EP05776905A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1781534A2 (en
Inventor
Günter STEEN
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Lindenau GmbH
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Lindenau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/18—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for preventing collision or grounding; reducing collision damage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/16—Shells
    • B63B3/20—Shells of double type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a double-hull tank ship, comprising an outer skin and an inner shell, which surrounds the individual holds at a distance from the outer skin, the outer skin and inner shell being rigidly connected to one another via connecting elements.
  • the double-hull tanker of the aforementioned type is characterized according to the invention in that the connecting elements, at least some of the vertical inner wall frame members and / or at least some of the horizontal stringer are designed with predetermined breaking points or perforations and the inner shell of a highly elastic steel with high elongation at break has been produced.
  • the basic idea, which is realized in the invention, is to be seen in that at least some, preferably all fastening and / or connecting means between the outer skin and the inner shell have predetermined breaking points.
  • forces can thus be exerted on the outer skin from the outside, and since the predetermined breaking points in the immediate vicinity of the action of the forces, mechanical connections to the inner shell are interrupted, they remain intact, and load can not escape.
  • forces may be exerted on the inner shell, and since this has been produced from a highly elastic steel with a high elongation at break, the inner shell may deform so that no cracks occur.
  • the inner shell may also be destroyed, but this should be the case at most in 3% of the accidents known from a statistic.
  • the principle of the present invention is based on the finding that in many accident cases, although the outer skin of a ship according to the invention is destroyed where it can be tolerated, but the inner shell is merely deformed.
  • the present invention thus provides protection against leakage of cargo, in particular of petroleum, in almost 100% of the previously known and evaluated accidents.
  • the connecting elements between the outer skin and the inner shell are essentially the so-called stringers, the supporting elements belonging to the stringers and the vertically oriented frame girders. It is a honeycomb construction made of meshed connections and sheet metal parts attached to the struts in horizontal and vertical orientation.
  • the sheets are provided with perforation lines or rows of holes with predetermined breaking points, i. circular holes or individual oblong holes with interruptions are made linear, resulting in a perforation line.
  • the perforation line is preferably arranged closer to the inner shell. However, it is also conceivable to attach this perforation or predetermined breaking line closer to the outer skin or even to provide a plurality of such lines between outer skin and inner shell on the same connecting element.
  • the holes do not have to be arranged in a straight extension, but they can also be arranged angularly or wavy. It is essential that in forces exerted from the outside on the hull of a ship according to the invention, the predetermined breaking points in the immediate vicinity of this force are unduly stressed and tear at the predetermined locations and thereby the inner shell is not damaged and the strength of the ship is preserved.
  • the shape of the elongated holes can be used essentially on rectangles with rounded edges. But it can also just as well in the longitudinal direction, ie in the direction of the perforation, tapered holes are provided. Essential is here that the remaining webs between adjacent slots are dimensioned so that they burst at a certain force, this breaking force has been matched to the expected destructive force of an expected collision with another ship.
  • the bracing members which serve as support for the stringerboard, can be designed with predetermined buckling points, so that they prevent in response to a destructive force that forces on the inner shell or a substantial part of the forces can not be transferred to the inner shell or are transferred so that the inner shell is not destroyed, although it can be deformed over a relatively large area.
  • the core of the present invention is not only aimed at interrupting the flow of force, but also involves dissipating a destructive force exerted externally on the hull of a hull onto the inner hull in such a way that no deformation of the inner sheath occurs apart from deformation of the inner hull can.
  • the invention is also not limited to double-hull tankers, but can also be implemented on all double-hull or container ships and generally causes that in the large variety of possible collision cases can be ensured that the charge can not escape from the hull.
  • the present invention relates to both a double-hull tanker having a steel outer skin and a steel inner hull joined together to form the hull. From 2010, tankers of 5,000 tdw or more will require such shells from the EU, so that there will always be a space between the ship's outer shell and the inner cargo area.
  • tanker known which is also not a double-hull tanker in the usual definition.
  • tanker In the known tanker is located in the interior of a container whose outwardly directed wall consists of two barrier parts. These two barriers, which are also called panels, are movable relative to one another and, in the event of a collision, can deform relative to one another in such a way that the interior, in which, for example, crude oil is located, remains closed towards the outside.
  • EP 0 723 908 A1 In a known vehicle for transporting chemicals (EP 0 723 908 A1 ) is not a double-hull tanker, but a vehicle with an outer shell, which is partially a double-wall construction with inner and outer wall is provided. These two parts are connected to each other via transverse stiffeners, which also serve as partitions. In this case, the external connection is fixed, while the interior has been made so that the attachment is destroyed in the event of a collision, so that it can not come to so-called “membrane stresses" in the outer shell, and this stiffening parts are provided, the only one could withstand certain limit loads.
  • A is a double-hulled tanker, wherein between the two walls of the outer wall and the inner wall, parts or materials should be provided, which are resistant to compression, but can not withstand tensile load. Therefore, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of anti-flexure materials and horizontal longitudinal binding rivets. These elements are intended to absorb compressive forces generated by a collision to protect the inner shell in this way. When large deformation forces are transmitted simultaneously via transweb parts in a collision on the inner shell, torsion elements which are attached to both sides of each transweb part can be subjected to torsion and these finally separate from the inner shell at the corresponding stress, so that it can only be slightly deformed or bent.
  • the invention includes yet another feature, namely the selection of the material of the inner shell and this is to be highly elastic steel with high elongation at break act. This means that by choosing this material, the double-hull structure is in no way weakened when it comes to the normal state without collisions.
  • the outer skin 10 of a double-hull tanker and the inner shell 11 can be seen. Between the outer skin 10 and the inner shell 11 are located in a honeycomb or grid construction substantially vertically oriented frame support or connecting elements 12 and substantially horizontally formed connecting elements 13, so-called. Stringer.
  • the elements 10 to 13 form a rigid construction.
  • FIG. 4 shows the conditions after a collision and can see how predetermined breaking points 20 have responded due to the local forces, so that the inner shell 11 has deformed, but not in the same manner as the deformation of the outer skin or the connecting elements 12 and 13th
  • FIG. 4 can also be seen that the inner shell 11 has deformed soft, without causing a breakage.
  • FIG. 5 shows three adjacent recesses in a part of the connecting elements 12 and 13.
  • the shape of the slots has been chosen so that the desired tearing in a perforation line can be ensured deviating from a rectangle or a round hole with rounding.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a double shell tank ship comprising an outer skin made of steel and an inner shell made of steel, which surrounds the individual holds spaced from the outer skin, wherein outer skin and inner shell are rigidly interconnected by means of vertically and horizontally extending elements. The connecting elements are provided with rated break points or perforations, and the inner shell has been made of a steel comprising high breaking elongation.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Doppelhüllentankschiff, aufweisend eine Außenhaut und eine Innenhülle, die mit Abstand zur Außenhaut die einzelnen Laderäume umgibt, wobei Außenhaut und Innenhülle über Verbindungselemente starr miteinander verbunden sind.The invention relates to a double-hull tank ship, comprising an outer skin and an inner shell, which surrounds the individual holds at a distance from the outer skin, the outer skin and inner shell being rigidly connected to one another via connecting elements.

Bei Doppelhüllentankschiffen besteht im Havariefall die Gefahr, dass nicht nur die Außenhaut des Schiffes zerstört wird, sondern auch die Innenhülle. Nur bei kleineren Havarien darf erwartet werden, dass lediglich die Außenhaut zerstört wird, die Innenhülle jedoch nicht. Der Normalfall einer Beschädigung dürfte jedoch sein, dass durch die zerstörerischen Kräfte eines rammenden Fahrzeuges, beispielsweise dessen Bugwulst, die Außenhaut beschädigt und über die Befestigungselemente zwischen Außenhaut und Innenhülle auch die Innenhülle so weit verformt und leckgeschlagen wird, dass die Ladung ausläuft. Im Falle von Erdöl kommt es zu den hinlänglich bekannten Katastrophen.In double-hull tankers in the event of an accident there is a risk that not only the outer skin of the ship will be destroyed, but also the inner shell. Only in the event of minor accidents can it be expected that only the outer skin will be destroyed, but not the inner shell. The normal case of damage, however, is likely to be that damaged by the destructive forces of a ramming vehicle, such as its bulge, the outer skin and the inner shell is deformed and leaking so far over the fasteners between the outer skin and inner shell that the charge expires. In the case of oil, there are well-known disasters.

Das Doppelhüllentankschiff der eingangs genannten Art ist gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungselemente, und zwar mindestens einige der vertikalen Innenwand-Rahmenträger und/oder mindestens einige der horizontalen Stringer mit Sollbruchstellen oder Perforationen ausgestaltet sind und die Innenhülle aus einem hochelastischen Stahl mit hoher Bruchdehnung hergestellt worden ist.The double-hull tanker of the aforementioned type is characterized according to the invention in that the connecting elements, at least some of the vertical inner wall frame members and / or at least some of the horizontal stringer are designed with predetermined breaking points or perforations and the inner shell of a highly elastic steel with high elongation at break has been produced.

Die grundsätzliche Idee, die in der Erfindung verwirklicht ist, ist darin zu sehen, dass wenigstens einige, vorzugsweise alle Befestigungs- und/oder Verbindungsmittel zwischen der Außenhaut und der Innenhülle Sollbruchstellen aufweisen. Im Falle einer Havarie können also von außen her Kräfte auf die Außenhaut ausgeübt werden, und da die Sollbruchstellen im unmittelbaren Bereich der Einwirkung der Kräfte ansprechen, werden mechanische Verbindungen zur Innenhülle unterbrochen, diese bleiben intakt, und Ladegut kann nicht austreten. Bei stärkeren Zusammenstößen oder bei Krafteingriffen in ungünstigem Winkel können dann zwar auch Kräfte auf die Innenhülle ausgeübt werden, und da diese jedoch aus einem hochelastischen Stahl mit hoher Bruchdehnung hergestellt worden ist, kann sich die Innenhülle so verformen, dass keine Risse dabei auftreten. Erst bei besonders großen Kräften kann auch die Innenhülle zerstört werden, was jedoch höchstens bei 3 % der aus einer Statistik bekannten Unfälle der Fall sein dürfte.The basic idea, which is realized in the invention, is to be seen in that at least some, preferably all fastening and / or connecting means between the outer skin and the inner shell have predetermined breaking points. In the event of an accident, forces can thus be exerted on the outer skin from the outside, and since the predetermined breaking points in the immediate vicinity of the action of the forces, mechanical connections to the inner shell are interrupted, they remain intact, and load can not escape. In case of stronger collisions or force interventions at an unfavorable angle, forces may be exerted on the inner shell, and since this has been produced from a highly elastic steel with a high elongation at break, the inner shell may deform so that no cracks occur. First in the case of particularly large forces, the inner shell may also be destroyed, but this should be the case at most in 3% of the accidents known from a statistic.

Das Prinzip der vorliegenden Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass in vielen Havariefällen zwar die Außenhaut eines Schiffes gemäß der Erfindung dort zerstört wird, wo dies hingenommen werden kann, die Innenhülle aber lediglich deformiert wird.The principle of the present invention is based on the finding that in many accident cases, although the outer skin of a ship according to the invention is destroyed where it can be tolerated, but the inner shell is merely deformed.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bietet also einen Schutz gegen Auslaufen von Ladegut, insbesondere von Erdöl, in nahezu 100 % der bislang bekannten und ausgewerteten Unfälle.The present invention thus provides protection against leakage of cargo, in particular of petroleum, in almost 100% of the previously known and evaluated accidents.

Bei Doppelhüllentankschiffen sind die Verbindungselemente zwischen Außenhaut und Innenhülle im Wesentlichen die sog. Stringer, die zu den Stringern gehörenden Tragelemente und die vertikal ausgerichteten Rahmenträger. Es handelt sich um eine Wabenkonstruktion aus strebartigen Verbindungen und an den Streben befestigten Blechteilen in horizontaler und vertikaler Ausrichtung.In double-hull tankers, the connecting elements between the outer skin and the inner shell are essentially the so-called stringers, the supporting elements belonging to the stringers and the vertically oriented frame girders. It is a honeycomb construction made of meshed connections and sheet metal parts attached to the struts in horizontal and vertical orientation.

Gemäß der Erfindung werden die Bleche über Perforationslinien oder Lochreihen mit Sollbruchstellen versehen, d.h. es werden Rundlöcher oder einzelne längliche Löcher mit Unterbrechungen linienartig ausgeführt, so dass sich eine Perforationslinie ergibt.According to the invention, the sheets are provided with perforation lines or rows of holes with predetermined breaking points, i. circular holes or individual oblong holes with interruptions are made linear, resulting in a perforation line.

Die Perforationslinie wird vorzugsweise näher an der Innenhülle angeordnet. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, diese Perforations- oder Sollbruchlinie näher an der Außenhaut anzubringen oder sogar mehrere derartige Linien zwischen Außenhaut und Innenhülle am selben Verbindungselement vorzusehen. Auch müssen die Löcher nicht in einer geraden Erstreckung angeordnet werden, sondern sie können durchaus auch winkel- oder wellenförmig angeordnet werden. Wesentlich ist, dass bei Kräften, die von außen her auf den Rumpf eines Schiffes gemäß der Erfindung ausgeübt werden, die Sollbruchstellen in unmittelbarer Nähe dieser Krafteinwirkung übermäßig beansprucht werden und an den vorgegebenen Stellen aufreißen und dass dabei die Innenhülle dadurch nicht beschädigt wird und die Festigkeit des Schiffes dabei erhalten bleibt.The perforation line is preferably arranged closer to the inner shell. However, it is also conceivable to attach this perforation or predetermined breaking line closer to the outer skin or even to provide a plurality of such lines between outer skin and inner shell on the same connecting element. The holes do not have to be arranged in a straight extension, but they can also be arranged angularly or wavy. It is essential that in forces exerted from the outside on the hull of a ship according to the invention, the predetermined breaking points in the immediate vicinity of this force are unduly stressed and tear at the predetermined locations and thereby the inner shell is not damaged and the strength of the ship is preserved.

Bei der Form der Langlöcher kann im Wesentlichen auf Rechtecke mit Abrundungen zurückgegriffen werden. Es können aber auch ebenso gut in Längsrichtung, also in Richtung der Perforationslinie, spitz zulaufende Löcher vorgesehen werden. Wesentlich ist hierbei, dass die verbleibenden Stege zwischen benachbarten Langlöchern so dimensioniert werden, dass sie bei einer bestimmten Kraft bersten, wobei diese Bruchkraft auf die zu erwartende zerstörende Kraft eines erwarteten Zusammenpralls mit einem anderen Schiff abgestimmt worden ist.The shape of the elongated holes can be used essentially on rectangles with rounded edges. But it can also just as well in the longitudinal direction, ie in the direction of the perforation, tapered holes are provided. Essential is here that the remaining webs between adjacent slots are dimensioned so that they burst at a certain force, this breaking force has been matched to the expected destructive force of an expected collision with another ship.

In entsprechender Weise können die Strebteile, die als Auflage für die Stringerbleche dienen, mit Sollknickstellen ausgeführt werden, so dass diese im Ansprechen auf eine zerstörende Kraft verhindern, dass Kräfte auf die Innenhülle oder ein wesentlicher Teil der Kräfte nicht auf die Innenhülle übertragen werden kann bzw. so übertragen werden, dass die Innenhülle nicht zerstört wird, wenngleich sie über einen relativ großen Bereich verformt werden kann.In a corresponding manner, the bracing members, which serve as support for the stringerboard, can be designed with predetermined buckling points, so that they prevent in response to a destructive force that forces on the inner shell or a substantial part of the forces can not be transferred to the inner shell or are transferred so that the inner shell is not destroyed, although it can be deformed over a relatively large area.

Der Kern der vorliegenden Erfindung zielt nicht nur auf die Unterbrechung des Kraftflusses ab, sondern es geht auch darum, dass eine von außen auf den Rumpf eines Schiffskörpers ausgeübte zerstörerische Kraft so auf die Innenhülle abgeleitet wird, dass außer Verformungen der Innenhülle keine Zerstörungen der Innenhülle eintreten können.The core of the present invention is not only aimed at interrupting the flow of force, but also involves dissipating a destructive force exerted externally on the hull of a hull onto the inner hull in such a way that no deformation of the inner sheath occurs apart from deformation of the inner hull can.

Die Erfindung ist auch nicht beschränkt auf Doppelhüllentankschiffe, sondern lässt sich auch an allen Doppelhüllenschiffen oder Containerschiffen realisieren und bewirkt ganz allgemein, dass bei der großen Vielzahl der möglichen Kollisionsfälle sichergestellt werden kann, dass die Ladung nicht aus dem Schiffskörper austreten kann.The invention is also not limited to double-hull tankers, but can also be implemented on all double-hull or container ships and generally causes that in the large variety of possible collision cases can be ensured that the charge can not escape from the hull.

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich vor allem sowohl auf ein Doppelhüllentankschiff mit einer Außenhaut aus Stahl als auch einer Innenhülle aus Stahl, die miteinander verbunden sind und den Schiffskörper bilden. Von der EU werden für Tankschiffe ab 5.000 tdw ab 2010 solche Hüllen gefordert, so dass jeweils ein Hohlraum zwischen der äußeren Schwimmhaut des Schiffes und dem inneren Laderaumbereich vorhanden ist.More particularly, the present invention relates to both a double-hull tanker having a steel outer skin and a steel inner hull joined together to form the hull. From 2010, tankers of 5,000 tdw or more will require such shells from the EU, so that there will always be a space between the ship's outer shell and the inner cargo area.

Bei einem bekannten Tankschiff ( US PS 3,844,239 ) ist eine metallische Außenhaut und in dessen Innerem eine flüssigkeitsdichte Hülle vorhanden, die aus einem elastomeren Material gebildet und entsprechend nachgiebig ist.In a known tanker ( U.S. Patent 3,844,239 ) is a metallic outer skin and in the interior of a liquid-tight envelope is present, which is formed of an elastomeric material and is correspondingly yielding.

Aus der US 3,699,912 ist ein Tankschiff bekannt, wobei es sich ebenfalls nicht um ein Doppelhüllentankschiff in der üblichen Definition handelt. Bei dem bekannten Tankschiff befindet sich im Innenraum ein Behälter, dessen nach außen gerichtete Wandung aus zwei Barrierenteilen besteht. Diese beiden Barrieren, die auch Paneele genannt werden, sind zueinander beweglich und können sich im Falle einer Kollision relativ zueinander so verformen, dass der Innenraum, in dem sich beispielsweise Rohöl befindet, nach außen hin abgeschlossen bleibt.From the US 3,699,912 is a tanker known, which is also not a double-hull tanker in the usual definition. In the known tanker is located in the interior of a container whose outwardly directed wall consists of two barrier parts. These two barriers, which are also called panels, are movable relative to one another and, in the event of a collision, can deform relative to one another in such a way that the interior, in which, for example, crude oil is located, remains closed towards the outside.

Bei der Doppelhüllenstruktur nach der JP 08230775 A handelt es sich um ein typisches Doppelhüllentankschiff. Es sind also eine Außenhülle und eine innere Hülle vorgesehen, zwischen denen sich Stringer-Decks als Verbindungsteile befinden. Nun soll eine Kollisionswiderstandsfähigkeit dadurch erzielt werden, dass die Innenhülle nicht, wie bei Doppelhüllentankschiffen üblich, aus Platten gebildet ist, sondern aus Wellblechteilen, so dass im Kollisionsfall die Innenhülle expandieren und durch die Wellen Kollisionsenergie aufgenommen werden kann.In the double-hull structure after the JP 08230775 A it is a typical double-hull tanker. Thus, an outer shell and an inner shell are provided, between which Stringer decks are located as connecting parts. Now a collision resistance is to be achieved in that the inner shell is not formed, as is usual in double-hull tankers, from plates, but from corrugated metal parts, so that in the event of a collision expand the inner shell and can be absorbed by the waves collision energy.

Bei einem bekannten Fahrzeug zum Transport von Chemikalien ( EP 0 723 908 A1 ) handelt sich nicht um ein Doppelhüllentankschiff, sondern um ein Fahrzeug mit einer Außenhülle, wobei teilweise eine Doppelwandkonstruktion mit innerer und äußerer Wand vorgesehen ist. Diese beiden Teile sind über Querversteifungen, die auch als Trennwände dienen, miteinander verbunden. Dabei ist die Außenverbindung fest, während die innere so getroffen worden ist, dass die Befestigung im Falle einer Kollision zerstört wird, so dass es nicht zu so genannten "membrane stresses" in der Außenhülle kommen kann, und hierzu sind Versteifungsteile vorgesehen, die nur einer gewissen Grenzbelastung standhalten könnten.In a known vehicle for transporting chemicals ( EP 0 723 908 A1 ) is not a double-hull tanker, but a vehicle with an outer shell, which is partially a double-wall construction with inner and outer wall is provided. These two parts are connected to each other via transverse stiffeners, which also serve as partitions. In this case, the external connection is fixed, while the interior has been made so that the attachment is destroyed in the event of a collision, so that it can not come to so-called "membrane stresses" in the outer shell, and this stiffening parts are provided, the only one could withstand certain limit loads.

Bei der JP 07196074 die alle Merkmale des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 offenbart, A geht es um ein Doppelhüllentankschiff, wobei zwischen den beiden Wandungen der äußeren Wand und der inneren Wand, Teile bzw. Materialien vorgesehen sein sollen, die gegenüber Kompression beständig sind, jedoch keine Zugbelastung aushalten können. Daher ist die äußere Hülle durch eine Mehrzahl von Anti-Flexure-Materialien und horizontale Bindemieten in Längsrichtung versehen. Diese Elemente sollen Druckkräfte aufnehmen, die durch einen Zusammenstoß erzeugt werden, um auf diese Art und Weise die innere Hülle zu schützen. Wenn große Deformationskräfte bei einem Zusammenstoß auf die innere Hülle gleichzeitig über Transweb-Teile übertragen werden, können Torsionselemente, die an beiden Seiten jedes Transweb-Teiles angebracht sind, auf Torsion beansprucht werden und diese trennen sich schließlich bei der entsprechenden Beanspruchung von der inneren Hülle, so dass diese nur leicht deformiert oder verbogen werden kann. Diese Lehre läuft darauf hinaus, spezielle Längsstrukturen zwischen den Hüllen des Tankschiffs anzuordnen, die auf Druck, nicht jedoch auf Zug belastet werden können und zusätzlich Torsionselemente vorzusehen, die die durch den Zusammenstoß erzeugten Kräfte in Torsionskräfte umwandeln und auf diese Weise nur geringfügige Deformationen oder Verbiegungen der Innenhülle bewirken. Ein solcher Aufbau bedingt jedoch einen erheblichen Mehraufwand, wobei fraglich ist, ob diese Torsionselemente überhaupt so gestaltet werden können, dass sie möglichen Kollisionen und den daraus resultierenden Beanspruchungen gerecht werden.In the JP 07196074 which discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1, A is a double-hulled tanker, wherein between the two walls of the outer wall and the inner wall, parts or materials should be provided, which are resistant to compression, but can not withstand tensile load. Therefore, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of anti-flexure materials and horizontal longitudinal binding rivets. These elements are intended to absorb compressive forces generated by a collision to protect the inner shell in this way. When large deformation forces are transmitted simultaneously via transweb parts in a collision on the inner shell, torsion elements which are attached to both sides of each transweb part can be subjected to torsion and these finally separate from the inner shell at the corresponding stress, so that it can only be slightly deformed or bent. This lesson boils down to special longitudinal structures between the hulls of the tanker, which can be loaded on pressure, but not on train and additionally provide torsion elements that convert the forces generated by the collision in torsional forces and thus cause only slight deformation or bending of the inner shell. However, such a construction requires considerable additional effort, and it is questionable whether these torsion elements can even be designed so that they meet possible collisions and the resulting stresses.

Ein weiterer typischer Doppelhüllentanker ist in der japanischen Patentveröffentlichung JP 08301180 A zu sehen. Dort sind eine Außenhülle aus Stahl und eine Innenhülle, ebenfalls aus Stahl, vorgesehen, wobei sich zwischen diesen Teilen Stringer befinden. Um in Kollisionsfall nun das Austreten von Öl aus dem Innenbehälter zu verhindern, ist an der Innenseite der inneren Hülle eine Stahlblechauskleidung vorgesehen. Es handelt sich hierbei um ein dünnes Blech mit einer Dicke von 1,5 bis 3 mm, d.h. um ein Material, das deutlich dünner ist als die Innenhülle. Diese Stahlauskleidung wird über Abstandshalter befestigt. Die Philosophie dieses Aufbaus ist, dass selbst bei starken Zerstörungen der Außenhülle und der Innenhülle genügend Energie der Kollision aufgenommen werden kann, und dennoch die Innenhülle in einem flüssigkeitsdichten Zustand verbleibt.Another typical double-hulled tanker is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication JP 08301180 A to see. There are an outer shell made of steel and an inner shell, also made of steel, with stringer between these parts. In order to prevent the escape of oil from the inner container now in collision case, a steel lining is provided on the inside of the inner shell. This is a thin sheet with a thickness of 1.5 to 3 mm, ie a material that is significantly thinner than the inner shell. This steel lining is fixed by spacers. The philosophy of this design is that even with strong destruction of the outer shell and the inner shell enough energy of the collision can be absorbed, and yet the inner shell remains in a liquid-tight state.

Bei Betrachtung des Standes der Technik insgesamt, der in der Tat Lösungsmöglichkeiten für ähnliche der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Probleme anbietet, ist festzustellen, dass an keiner Stelle der Hinweis gegeben wird, bei einer Doppelhüllenkonstruktion nun ausgerechnet die Verbindungselemente der Außenhaut und der Innenhülle mit Sollbruchstellen oder Perforationen auszustatten. Durch diese Sollbruchstellen oder Perforationen kann erreicht werden, dass im Kollisionsfall die nicht vermeidbaren Verformungen des Schiffskörpers so aufgenommen werden, dass Verformungen nur dort auftreten, wo sie die Innenhülle nicht zerstören. Durch das Aufbrechen der Sollbruchstellen wird die Energie der Kollision als Formänderungsarbeit aufgenommen. Darüber hinaus werden mechanische Verbindungen zwischen der Außenhaut und der Innenhülle unterbrochen, so dass äußere Kräfte jedenfalls nicht mehr auf die Innenhülle einwirken können.Considering the state of the art as a whole, which indeed offers solutions to similar problems underlying the present invention, it should be noted that at no point is the reference given, in a double-shell construction now just the connecting elements of the outer skin and the inner shell with predetermined breaking points or Equip perforations. Through these predetermined breaking points or perforations can be achieved that in the event of a collision, the unavoidable deformations of the hull are absorbed so that deformations occur only where they do not destroy the inner shell. By breaking the predetermined breaking points, the energy of the collision is absorbed as deformation work. In addition, mechanical connections between the outer skin and the inner shell are interrupted, so that external forces can no longer act on the inner shell in any case.

Zur Erfindung gehört noch ein weiteres Merkmal, nämlich die Auswahl des Materials der Innenhülle und hierbei soll es sich um hochelastischen Stahl mit hoher Bruchdehnung handeln. Dies bedeutet, dass die Doppelhüllenstruktur durch Wahl dieses Materials in keiner Weise geschwächt wird, wenn es um den Normalzustand ohne Kollisionen geht.The invention includes yet another feature, namely the selection of the material of the inner shell and this is to be highly elastic steel with high elongation at break act. This means that by choosing this material, the double-hull structure is in no way weakened when it comes to the normal state without collisions.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen beispielsweise erläutert.

Figur 1
zeigt eine schaubildliche Ansicht eines Teils des Rumpfes eines Doppelhüllentankschiffs gemäß der Erfindung.
Figur 2
zeigt eine entsprechende Ansicht und verdeutlicht die Verhältnisse in einem Havariefall.
Figur 3
zeigt als Beispiel die nach einer Havarie entstandenen Schäden am Rumpf.
Figur 4
zeigt eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Raumes zwischen der Außenhaut und der Innenhülle eines Doppeltankschiffs gemäß der Erfindung.
Figur 5
zeigt in vergrößertem Maßstab Perforationen in einem Teil eines Stringers bzw. eines Rahmenträgers.
The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings, for example.
FIG. 1
shows a perspective view of part of the hull of a double-hull tanker according to the invention.
FIG. 2
shows a corresponding view and clarifies the conditions in an accident case.
FIG. 3
shows as an example the damage caused to the hull after an accident.
FIG. 4
shows an enlarged view of the space between the outer skin and the inner shell of a double tanker according to the invention.
FIG. 5
shows on an enlarged scale perforations in a part of a stringer or a frame carrier.

In den Figuren ist die Außenhaut 10 eines Doppelhüllentankschiffs sowie die Innenhülle 11 zu erkennen. Zwischen der Außenhaut 10 und der Innenhülle 11 befinden sich in einer Waben- oder Gitterkonstruktion im Wesentlichen vertikal ausgerichtete Rahmenträger oder Verbindungselemente 12 sowie im Wesentlichen horizontal ausgebildete Verbindungselemente 13, sog. Stringer. Die Elemente 10 bis 13 bilden eine starre Konstruktion.In the figures, the outer skin 10 of a double-hull tanker and the inner shell 11 can be seen. Between the outer skin 10 and the inner shell 11 are located in a honeycomb or grid construction substantially vertically oriented frame support or connecting elements 12 and substantially horizontally formed connecting elements 13, so-called. Stringer. The elements 10 to 13 form a rigid construction.

In der im vergrößerten Maßstab dargestellten Figur 4 sind die horizontalen Verbindungselemente 13 und die vertikalen Verbindungselemente 12 zu erkennen. Die Außenhaut ist in dieser Darstellung weggelassen worden, jedoch ist die Innenhülle 11 zu erkennen. Die Figur 4 zeigt die Verhältnisse nach einer Kollision und lässt erkennen, wie Sollbruchstellen 20 auf Grund der lokal herrschenden Kräfte angesprochen haben, so dass die Innenhülle 11 sich verformt hat, jedoch nicht in der gleichen Art wie die Deformation der nicht gezeigten Außenhaut bzw. der Verbindungselemente 12 und 13.In the enlarged scale FIG. 4 the horizontal connecting elements 13 and the vertical connecting elements 12 can be seen. The outer skin has been omitted in this illustration, but the inner shell 11 can be seen. The FIG. 4 shows the conditions after a collision and can see how predetermined breaking points 20 have responded due to the local forces, so that the inner shell 11 has deformed, but not in the same manner as the deformation of the outer skin or the connecting elements 12 and 13th

Die Figur 4 lässt auch erkennen, dass die Innenhülle 11 sich weich verformt hat, ohne dass es zu einem Bruch gekommen ist. Es gibt Stähle, die für eine solche Beanspruchung geeignet sind und insbesondere eine hohe Bruchdehnung haben.The FIG. 4 can also be seen that the inner shell 11 has deformed soft, without causing a breakage. There are steels which are suitable for such a stress and in particular have a high elongation at break.

Figur 5 zeigt drei nebeneinander liegende Ausnehmungen in einem Teil der Verbindungselemente 12 bzw. 13. Es sind drei Langlöcher 20 in einer Reihe zu erkennen, wobei die gegenseitigen Abstände so gewählt worden sind, dass sie bei der entsprechenden Beanspruchung aufreißen. Die Form der Langlöcher ist abweichend von einem Rechteck oder einem Rundloch mit Abrundungen so gewählt worden, dass das gewünschte Aufreißen in einer Perforationslinie sichergestellt werden kann. FIG. 5 shows three adjacent recesses in a part of the connecting elements 12 and 13. There are three elongated holes 20 can be seen in a row, wherein the mutual distances have been selected so that they tear at the corresponding stress. The shape of the slots has been chosen so that the desired tearing in a perforation line can be ensured deviating from a rectangle or a round hole with rounding.

Es liegt im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung, bei nicht vollständig gefüllten Laderäumen (üblicherweise ist der Füllungsgrad 97 %) im Falle einer Havarie sicherzustellen, dass der durch die Deformation verringerte Innenraum des Laderaumes so verformt werden kann, dass das Ladegut über Berstplatten in den Bereich des doppelten Mittellängsschotts, wie es in den Figuren 1 bis 3 gezeigt ist, entweichen kann.It is within the scope of the present invention, in the case of incompletely filled holds (usually the degree of filling 97%) in the event of an accident to ensure that the reduced by the deformation interior of the hold can be deformed so that the load on Berstplatten in the field of double central longitudinal bulkhead, as it is in the FIGS. 1 to 3 is shown, can escape.

Claims (4)

  1. Double hull tanker comprising an outer hull and an inner hull, which encloses spaced from the outer hull the individual cargo holds, wherein outer hull and inner hull are rigidly connected with each other through substantially vertically and horizontally extending connecting elements, characterised in that the connecting elements (12, 13), namely at least some of the vertical frame supports of the inner hull and/or at least some of the horizontal stringers are provided with predetermined break points or perforations (20) and the inner hull (11) is made by a resilient steel with high breaking elongation.
  2. Double hull tanker according to claim 1, characterised in that the perforations (10) are formed in the vertically extending connecting elements (12), the frame supports, in the vicinity of the inner hull.
  3. Double hull tanker according to one of the claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the perforations (20) are formed in the horizontally extending connecting elements (13), the stringers, in the vicinity of the inner hull.
  4. Double hull tanker according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the perforations (20) are formed by rows of round holes.
EP05776905A 2004-08-26 2005-08-22 Double skin tanker Expired - Lifetime EP1781534B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004041593A DE102004041593B4 (en) 2004-08-26 2004-08-26 Double hull
PCT/EP2005/009034 WO2006021394A2 (en) 2004-08-26 2005-08-22 Double skin tanker

Publications (2)

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EP1781534A2 EP1781534A2 (en) 2007-05-09
EP1781534B1 true EP1781534B1 (en) 2008-10-29

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US (1) US7434526B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1781534B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2007530337A (en)
CN (1) CN101119888A (en)
AT (1) ATE412573T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004041593B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2006021394A2 (en)

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CN105416520B (en) * 2015-11-17 2017-11-07 湖北海洋工程装备研究院有限公司 A kind of beach oil storage tank
JP6594815B2 (en) * 2016-03-28 2019-10-23 住友重機械マリンエンジニアリング株式会社 Hull structure
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CN108945287B (en) * 2018-07-06 2021-02-12 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 Super-large crude oil tanker without swing bulkhead and cross brace
KR20250158796A (en) 2023-03-29 2025-11-06 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 Hull structure and design method of hull structure
CN120731166A (en) * 2023-03-29 2025-09-30 日本制铁株式会社 Manufacturing method of hull structure, design method of hull structure and design procedure of hull structure
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Publication number Publication date
JP2007530337A (en) 2007-11-01
US20070144422A1 (en) 2007-06-28
CN101119888A (en) 2008-02-06
EP1781534A2 (en) 2007-05-09
DE102004041593B4 (en) 2007-02-15
ATE412573T1 (en) 2008-11-15
DE502005005824D1 (en) 2008-12-11
WO2006021394A2 (en) 2006-03-02
DE102004041593A1 (en) 2006-03-02
WO2006021394A3 (en) 2007-05-24
US7434526B2 (en) 2008-10-14

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