EP1760230B1 - Lock - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lock with a locking device with a bracket, a clamp or the like, and with a latch which is movable between a locking position in which the latch locks the locking device, and an unlocking position in which the locking device is unlocked, wherein the Latch is biased in the direction of the locking position. The lock further comprises a blocking device, by means of which the bolt - when the bolt is in the locking position - can be blocked against movement in the direction of the unlocking position, and the lock further comprises a rotatable rotatable device.

Such biased latch locks offer the advantage that the latch automatically locks in a predetermined position from the latch, i. against unauthorized or unintentional movement can be secured. To increase the Hedienungskomforts so an automatic function can be realized, due to which the user has to insert the lock bracket only in the lock body to lock the bracket there, without the need for a separate operation of a lock cylinder or the like is required.

A disadvantage of such locks with biased latch is that can be driven against its bias by a force exerted on the lock body short-term acceleration of the bolt due to its inertia relative to the lock body, which ultimately takes a momentary unlocking of the locking device takes place (so-called hammer blow method). The previously known measures for securing locks against such manipulation do not always provide the desired security under all conditions.

From the WO 2004/072418 A1 For example, a padlock with a latch is known which is biased toward its latching position. In the locking position, the bolt is prevented by means of a blocking device at a back-off. By activating an electromagnet, the blocking device is brought into a release position, in which the latch is released for a subsequent movement in the direction of an unlocking position. The electromagnet also has a device for shock absorption.

It is an object of the invention to provide an alternative lock with a biased latch for locking a locking device, which offers high security against unauthorized unlocking due to a shock with low design complexity.

This object is achieved by a lock with the features of claim 1, and in particular by the fact that the rotation means comprises a first control portion which cooperates directly or indirectly with the blocking means to move the blocking means into a release position due to a rotary operation of the rotation means the latch is released for subsequent movement in the direction of the unlocked position, and wherein the rotation means comprises a second control portion which cooperates directly or indirectly with the latch to move the latch against bias to the unlatched position due to rotational actuation of the rotation means.

The lock has a blocking element which secures the bolt in its locking position, for example by engaging behind the bolt. The prestressed in the direction of the locking position bolt is thereby blocked against a brief unlocking due to the action of hammer blows on the lock body or the like. In order nevertheless to enable the intended and authorized unlocking of the closing device, a rotatably operable rotary member has two control sections, which are designed in such a way and interact with the blocking device and with the bolt, that as a result of a rotational actuation of this rotation device on the one hand, the blocking device is moved away from the illustrated blocking position and on the other hand, the bolt is actively moved against its bias in the unlocked position.

As a result, the lock is reliably secured against unauthorized opening by the hammer blow method, and this is achieved with little design effort, since a rotation device in known locks anyway is usually available. For example, the rotation device may be a shaft of an electric motor which serves as a motor drive device of an electrically or electronically controlled lock. Alternatively, the rotation device may be formed by a drive plate, which is usually provided in known locks with purely mechanical structure in connection with a lock cylinder.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the lock may have a biasing means, by means of which the blocking device is biased in the direction of a blocking position in which the bolt is blocked against movement in the direction of its unlocked position. A particularly simple construction of the lock results when the blocking device itself is designed as a spring, which is biased in the blocking position.

A particularly simple control of the movements of the blocking device and the bolt results when the said control sections are eccentrically arranged on the rotation means with respect to the rotation axis of the rotation means, for example as cams, pins, teeth, recesses, depressions or the like.

In particular, the said control sections may be arranged on the rotary device such that a sequence control is realized with regard to the movement of the blocking device on the one hand and the movement of the bolt on the other hand, so that the blocking device is moved into the release position due to a single rotational actuation of the rotary device and then the bolt is moved into the unlocked position.

If, as already mentioned, the rotation device is formed by a shaft, the first control section and the second control section are preferably formed on different longitudinal sections of this shaft. In the case of a driver disk as a rotation means, the first control portion and the second control portion are formed, for example, on a front side of the drive plate, wherein the back of the drive plate is preferably rotatably coupled to a rotary drive means - such as a lock cylinder.

For driving the rotation means, a separate rotary drive means may be provided (e.g., electric motor, lock cylinder). However, it is also possible that said rotation device is ultimately an integral part of such a rotary drive device.

A particularly simple construction of the lock results when said control sections interact directly with the blocking device or with the bolt. However, it is also an indirect coupling via a corresponding coupling device possible, for example via a respective coupling linkage.

The lock according to the invention may be, for example, a frame lock for a bicycle, said closing device is designed as a round hanger. Alternatively, the lock is designed as a padlock or padlock with a bracket as a closing device. Furthermore, the lock may be a brake disk lock, a cable lock or a chain lock, in particular for two-wheeled vehicles, wherein the closing device is designed as a clamp (possibly as a free end of a cable or a chain).

Further embodiments are mentioned in the subclaims.

Fig. 1a und 1b

zeigen ein Rahmenschloss mit unterschiedlicher Stellung des Riegels und des Bügels.

Fig. 2a bis 2c

zeigen die Blockiereinrichtung und den Riegel des Rahmenschlosses gemäß Fig. 1a und 1b in unterschiedlichen Stellungen in einer jeweiligen Detailansicht.

Fig. 3a und 3b

zeigen Querschnittsansichten der Welle gemäß Fig. 2a entlang der Ebene IIIa-IIIa bzw. entlang der Ebene IIIb-IIIb.

Fig. 4 und 5

zeigen eine jeweilige Perspektivansicht der Welle bzw. der Blockiereinrichtung des Rahmenschlosses.

The invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1a and 1b

show a frame lock with different position of the bolt and the bracket.

Fig. 2a to 2c

show the blocking device and the latch of the frame lock according to Fig. 1a and 1b in different positions in a respective detail view.

Fig. 3a and 3b

show cross-sectional views of the shaft according to Fig. 2a along level IIIa-IIIa or along level IIIb-IIIb.

4 and 5

show a respective perspective view of the shaft or the blocking device of the frame lock.

Fig. 1a shows schematically the structure of a frame lock according to the invention for mounting on the rear struts of a bicycle. The frame lock has as closure means a round bracket 11 for grasping the rear wheel. The round bar 11 has a first engagement recess 13 and a second engagement recess 15, and it is by means of a tension spring 17 in the direction of a Fig. 1a biased open position shown. As long as the round bar 11 is not locked, it can be rotated by means of a handle 19 against the bias along a closing direction 21 in the direction of a closed position.

With the round bracket 11, a latch 23 cooperates, of a compression spring 25 in the direction of a Fig. 1a is biased shown locking position. The bolt 23 has a central recess 27 in which engages a shaft 29, which has an unlocking cam 31 in the region of the bolt 23 (see also cross-sectional view in FIG Fig. 3b such as Fig. 4 ). At another longitudinal section, the shaft 29 has a switching cam 33 (see also cross-sectional view according to FIG Fig. 3a ). The front side of the shaft 29 is formed as a with respect to the shaft axis eccentric inclined surface in the form of a release nose 35 (see also Fig. 4 ). This cooperates with a blocking spring 37, as will be explained below.

As drive means for the shaft 29, an electric motor 39 is provided, which preferably has an integrated or mounted transmission for a slow-speed transmission (not shown). The electric motor 39 is driven by a control circuit 41. This is the input side connected to a contact switch 43, which cooperates with the switching cam 33 of the shaft 29. Furthermore, the control circuit 41 is connected on the input side to a radio receiver 45. A battery 47 (or accumulator) is used to power the electric motor 39, the control circuit 41 and the radio receiver 45.

This in Fig. 1a shown frame lock is used to secure the associated bicycle against unauthorized use. For this purpose, the round bow 11 are brought starting from the open position shown in a closed position in which the round bracket engages in a space between two adjacent spokes of the rear wheel and the rear wheel thereby blocked.

The round bracket 11 can be locked in the open position shown as well as in the mentioned closed position by means of the bolt 23. For this purpose, the compression spring 25 urges the latch 23 in the direction of the round bracket 11. As long as the shaft 29 with the release cam 31, the latch 23 releases this, the latch 23 is therefore at the top of the round bracket 11 or engages in one of the two engagement recesses 13, 15th if they are at the level of the bolt 23. When the latch 23 engages the first engagement recess 13, the round bracket 11 is secured in the open position as in FIG Fig. 1a is shown. If, however, the latch 23 engages in the second engagement recess 15, this corresponds to the said closed position of the round bracket eleventh

By rotating the shaft 29, the latch 23 can be brought by means of the unlocking cam 31 briefly along a unlocking 49 against the bias of the compression spring 25 in an unlocked position. In this unlocking position the round bar 11 is released for a rotational movement. In particular, the user can, starting from the open position according to Fig. 1a move the round bar 11 by means of the handle 19 along the closing direction 21 in order to finally transfer the round bar 11 into the already explained closed position. Fig. 1b If at this time the unlocking cam 31 of the shaft 29 already releases the latch 23 again and the compression spring 25 thus urges the latch 23 again in the direction of the round bracket 11, this does not adversely affect the frame lock the further closing movement of the Rundbügels 11. As in Fig. 1b is shown, the latch 23 is namely only so long on the top of the round bracket 11, until the second engagement recess 15 is located at the height of the bolt 23. Then, the latch 23 can snap into the second engagement recess 15 to secure the round bracket 11 in the thus achieved closed position.

Out Fig. 1b is also the following property of the frame lock shown: If the user during the closing movement of the round bar 11 - so while the latch 23 is located between the first engagement recess 13 and the second engagement recess 15 - the closing operation is not completed and the latch 23 thus not engaged reaches with the second engagement recess 15, so the tension spring 17 pulls the round bracket 11 back into the in Fig. 1a shown opening position, wherein the latch 23 then snaps into the first engagement recess 13 due to its bias (see. Fig. 1a ). The round bar 11 is thus secured in this case against unauthorized or unintentional subsequent closing operation. The same applies to the case that in the in Fig. 1a Although shown opening position of the round bracket 11 of the latch 23 is unlocked due to a remote from the user Entriegelungsbefehls briefly, the round bracket 11 is not rotated during this time interval, however, in the closing direction 21. In this case, the round bail 11 thus remains in the open position, and the bolt 23 engages again in the first engagement recess 13, as soon as the bolt 23 has been released due to a corresponding rotational movement of the shaft 29 for this purpose.

A peculiarity of the frame lock shown is in the blocking spring 37. As long as the latch 23 is - as in Fig. 1a shown - is in the locked position, the locking spring 37 engages behind the latch 23 at the rear. This applies to both the in Fig. 1a shown opening position As long as the blocking spring 37 engages behind the bolt 23 in this way, it is secured against unauthorized unlocking movement according to the so-called "hammer-striking method". In order to release the latch 23 for (authorized) movement in the unlatching direction 49, the blocking spring 37 is momentarily pushed back against the bias exerted by it in order to bring the free end of the blocking spring 37 out of engagement with the latch 23. For this purpose, the release lug 35 of the shaft 29 engages a positive guide surface 51 of the blocking spring 37, which surrounds a blocking recess 53 of the blocking spring 37 (see. Fig. 5 ). However, as soon as the release lug 35 engages in the blocking recess 53, the blocking spring 37 can engage behind the latch 23 in the manner explained (cf. Fig. 1a ).

In the state according to Fig. 1b Incidentally, the blocking spring 37 is still laterally against the latch 23. However, as soon as the latch 23 again completely moves to the locking position, the blocking spring 37 snaps into the in Fig. 1a shown blocking position and thus engages behind the latch 23 automatically again.

The blocking spring 37 may also be designed in several parts, for example as a blocking bar, which is biased by a separate compression spring.

The control of the explained locking and unlocking movement of the bolt 23 and the explained blocking and release movement of the blocking spring 37 is carried out in a very simple manner by means of the control circuit 41:

As soon as the user sends an unlocking command in the form of a coded radio signal by means of an associated radio transmitter (not shown) and this is received by the radio receiver 45, the radio receiver 45 converts the unlocking command into a corresponding electrical signal and transmits it to the control circuit 41. The control circuit 41 consequently actuates the electric motor 39 in such a way that the shaft 29 turns exactly one full turn around its Axis completes. The exact execution of a single complete revolution of the shaft 29 is ensured by the interaction of the switching cam 33 with the contact switch 43, ie, the control circuit 41 causes the electric motor 39 so long to a rotary drive of the shaft 29 until the cam 33 actuates the contact switch 43 again. During one revolution of the shaft 29, the blocking spring 37 is first pushed back into the release position, then the latch 23 is brought into the unlocked position for the duration of a limited time interval and then released again for movement against the unlocking 49, and finally also the blocking spring 37 released again for movement in the direction of the bolt 23.

• (0) In der Ausgangslage befindet sich der Riegel 23 in der Verriegelungsstellung und greift aufgrund der Vorspannung durch die Druckfeder 25 in die Eingriffsvertiefung 13 (oder 15) ein. Der Riegel 23 wird von der Blockierfeder 37 hintergriffen, wobei die Freigabenase 35 der Welle 29 in die Blockieraussparung 53 der Blockierfeder 37 eingreift. Der Schaltnocken 33 zeigt nach oben und betätigt den Kontaktschalter 43. Der Entriegelungsnocken 31 zeigt nach unten und liegt frei in der Ausnehmung 27. Diese Ausgangslage ist in Fig. 1a und 2a gezeigt.
• (I) Wenn nun die Welle 29 von dem Elektromotor 39 zu einer Drehbewegung angetrieben wird (Drehrichtung 55), führt dies zunächst dazu, dass die Freigabenase 35 der Welle 29 mit der Begrenzung zwischen der Blockieraussparung 53 und der Zwangsführungsfläche 51 der Blockierfeder 37 zusammenwirkt und die Blockierfeder 37 hierdurch allmählich in Richtung ihrer Freigabestellung zurückdrängt (vgl. Fig. 2b). Der Entriegelungsnocken 31 dreht zu diesem Zeitpunkt immer noch frei, d.h. es erfolgt noch keine Bewegung des Riegels 23.
• (II) Bei Fortsetzung dieser Drehbewegung der Welle 29 drängt die Freigabenase 35 die Blockierfeder 37 vollständig in die Freigabestellung zurück, und der Entriegelungsnocken 31 greift nun an dem Riegel 23 an, um diesen entgegen der Vorspannung entlang der Entriegelungsrichtung 49 zu bewegen. Der Riegel 23 wird somit außer Eingriff mit der betreffenden Eingriffsvertiefung 13 bzw. 15 des Rundbügels 11 gebracht (vgl. Fig. 2c). Der Rundbügel 11 kann nun in oder entgegen der Schließrichtung 21 gedreht werden.
• (III) Im weiteren Verlauf der Drehbewegung der Welle 29 wird der Riegel 23 in der in Fig. 2c gezeigten Entriegelungsstellung gehalten, und auch die Blockierfeder 37 bleibt in die Freigabestellung zurückgedrängt. Hierdurch ist ein vorbestimmtes Zeitintervall gegeben, während dessen der Benutzer den Rundbügel 11 ausgehend von der in Fig. 2c gezeigten Stellung bewegen kann.
• (IV) Die weitere Drehbewegung der Welle 29 führt dazu, dass der Entriegelungsnocken 31 den Riegel 23 allmählich wieder für eine Bewegung entgegen der Entriegelungsrichtung 49 freigibt. Aufgrund der Vorspannung durch die Druckfeder 25 kann der Riegel 23 sich also wieder in Richtung des Rundbügels 11 bewegen.
• (V) Schließlich erreicht die exzentrisch angeordnete Freigabenase 35 der Welle 29 wieder die Blockieraussparung 53 der Blockierfeder 37, so dass die Freigabenase 35 in die Blockieraussparung 53 zurückschnappen kann und die vorgespannte Blockierfeder 37 sich wieder in Richtung des Riegels 23 bewegt. Am Ende dieser Phase erreicht der Schaltnocken 33 wieder den Kontaktschalter 43, und die Steuerschaltung 41 schaltet den Elektromotor 39 so lange ab, bis über den Funkempfänger 45 der nächste Entriegelungsbefehl erhalten wird. Die Anordnung befindet sich nun also wieder in der genannten Ausgangsstellung.

The individual phases of the control sequence for briefly unlocking the latch 23 will be explained in detail below, with particular reference to the different angular ranges I to V of the alignment of the release cam 31 in accordance with FIG Fig. 3b Reference is made to:

• (0) In the initial position, the latch 23 is in the locking position and engages due to the bias of the compression spring 25 into the engagement recess 13 (or 15). The latch 23 is engaged behind by the blocking spring 37, wherein the release lug 35 of the shaft 29 engages in the blocking recess 53 of the blocking spring 37. The switching cam 33 points upwards and actuates the contact switch 43. The unlocking cam 31 points downwards and lies freely in the recess 27. This starting position is in Fig. 1a and 2a shown.
• (I) If now the shaft 29 is driven by the electric motor 39 to a rotary motion (direction of rotation 55), this initially leads to the release lug 35 of the shaft 29 with the boundary between the blocking recess 53 and the positive guide surface 51 of the blocking spring 37 cooperates and As a result, the blocking spring 37 gradually pushes back in the direction of its release position (cf. Fig. 2b ). The unlocking cam 31 still rotates at this time, ie there is still no movement of the bolt 23rd
• (II) Upon continuation of this rotational movement of the shaft 29, the release lug 35 urges the blocking spring 37 completely back to the release position, and the unlocking cam 31 now engages the latch 23 to move it against the bias along the unlocking direction 49. The latch 23 is thus brought out of engagement with the respective engagement recess 13 and 15 of the round bracket 11 (see. Fig. 2c ). The round bar 11 can now be rotated in or against the closing direction 21.
• (III) In the course of the rotational movement of the shaft 29, the bolt 23 in the in Fig. 2c shown unlocked position, and also the blocking spring 37 remains pushed back into the release position. As a result, a predetermined time interval is given, during which the user the round bar 11, starting from the in Fig. 2c can move shown position.
• (IV) The further rotational movement of the shaft 29 causes the unlocking cam 31 gradually releases the latch 23 again for movement against the unlocking 49. Due to the bias of the compression spring 25, the latch 23 can thus move back in the direction of the round bracket 11.
• (V) Finally, the eccentrically arranged release lug 35 of the shaft 29 again reaches the blocking recess 53 of the blocking spring 37 so that the release lug 35 can snap back into the blocking recess 53 and the prestressed blocking spring 37 moves again in the direction of the bolt 23. At the end of this phase, the switching cam 33 again reaches the contact switch 43, and the control circuit 41 switches off the electric motor 39 until the next unlocking command is obtained via the radio receiver 45. The arrangement is now so again in the above starting position.

A particular advantage of the frame lock shown is that this with only a small additional manufacturing effort - namely solely due to the use of the blocking spring 37 and the special design of the front of the shaft 29 - reliably secured against unauthorized unlocking of the bolt 23 by targeted impact on the lock body is. Another advantage of the arrangement is that an electromotive unlocking of the round bracket 11 is possible and the round bracket 11 is still both in the open position ( Fig. 1a ) is securely locked in the closed position against unauthorized operation. This is in particular excluded that the latch 23 - for example, by an unintentional operation of the associated remote control transmitter - in the open position of the round bracket 11 permanently in the unlocked position according to Fig. 2c is brought and the Round bracket 11 can therefore be accidentally moved while driving in the direction 21 of the closed position.

Instead of the frame lock shown, the invention can also be realized for other types of locks with bracket or clamp. The principles shown can be readily implemented for a purely mechanical lock, in which a rotational movement for controlling the blocking spring 37 and the bolt 23 is effected by a manual rotary actuation of a lock cylinder. Furthermore, in addition to the shown coupling of the blocking device (blocking spring 37) with the rotation device (shaft 29) also a coupling of the blocking device with the locking device (bracket, clamp or the like.) And / or provided with the bolt such that the blocking device Finally, locking bar only in its locked position secures when the latch actually the bracket, cock or the like. Locked (and not about reaches into the void).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11

round bracket

13

first engagement recess

15

second engagement recess

17

mainspring

19

handle

21

closing direction

23

bars

25

compression spring

27

recess

29

wave

31

unlatching

33

switching cams

35

release tab

37

locking spring

39

electric motor

41

control circuit

43

contact switch

45

radio receiver

47

battery

49

unlocking

51

Forced guide surface

53

blocking recess

55

direction of rotation

Claims (16)

1. A lock comprising

   - a closing device having a hoop (11), a block or the like;

   - a latch (23) which is movable between a latch position in which the latch latches the closing device and an unlatched position in which the closing device is unlatched, wherein the latch is pre-loaded in the direction of the latched position;

   - a blocking device (37) by means of which the latch (23) - when the latch is in the latched position - is blockable against a movement in the direction of the unlatched position; and

   - a rotationally actuatable rotation device (29);

   characterized in that the rotation device (29) has a first control section (35) which directly or indirectly cooperates with the blocking device (37) in order to move the blocking device into a release position by a rotary actuation of the rotation device, in which release position the latch (23) is released for a subsequent movement in the direction of the unlatched position; and
   with the rotation device (29) having a second control section (31) which directly or indirectly cooperates with the latch (23) in order to move the latch against the pre-loading into the unlatched position by a rotary actuation of the rotation device.
2. A lock in accordance with claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the blocking device (37) is pre-loaded in the direction of a blocking position.
3. A lock in accordance with claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the lock has a pre-loading device by means of which the blocking device is pre-loaded in the direction of the blocking position; or in that the blocking device (37) is configured as a spring which is pre-loaded in the direction of the blocking position.
4. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the blocking device (37) engages behind the latch (23) when the blocking device blocks the latch in its latched position.
5. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the first control section (35) and/or the second control section (31) are eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of the rotation device (29).
6. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the rotation device (29) cooperates with the blocking device (37) and the latch (23) via the control sections (31, 35) such that a sequence control is realized, with the blocking device initially being movable into the release position and thereafter the latch being movable into the unlatched position on the basis of a single rotary actuation of the rotation device.
7. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the first control section (35) of the rotation device (29) is formed by a oblique surface which cooperates with a compulsory guide section (51) of the blocking device (37).
8. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the rotation device (29) is formed by a shaft, with the first control section (35) and the second control section (31) being formed at different longitudinal sections of the shaft.
9. A lock in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   the rotation device is formed by a carrier disc, with the first control section and the second control section being formed at a front side of the carrier disc.
10. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the lock has a rotary drive device (39) for rotary actuation of the rotation device (29),
    with the rotary drive device in particular being a drive motor or a locking cylinder.
11. A lock in accordance with claim 10,
    characterized in that
    the rotary drive device (39) and the rotation device (29) being rotationally fixedly coupled, and/or
    in that the rotation device is an integral part of the rotary drive device.
12. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the first control section of the rotation device cooperates with the blocking device via a coupling device, in particular via a coupling rod; and/or
    in that the second control section of the rotation device cooperates with the latch via a coupling device, in particular via a coupling rod.
13. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the closing device (11) has at least one latching section (13, 15) with which the latch (23) cooperates in order to latch the closing device.
14. A lock in accordance with any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the lock is a frame lock for a bicycle, with the closing device (11) being formed as a circular hoop.
15. A lock in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the lock is a hoop lock or a pad lock, with the closing device being formed as a hoop.
16. A lock in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that
    the lock is a brake disc lock, a cable lock or a chain lock, with the closing device being formed as a block.

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