EP1753854A2 - Synergistic surfactant mixtures with higher dynamic properties and lower cmc - Google Patents

Synergistic surfactant mixtures with higher dynamic properties and lower cmc

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Publication number
EP1753854A2
EP1753854A2 EP05737894A EP05737894A EP1753854A2 EP 1753854 A2 EP1753854 A2 EP 1753854A2 EP 05737894 A EP05737894 A EP 05737894A EP 05737894 A EP05737894 A EP 05737894A EP 1753854 A2 EP1753854 A2 EP 1753854A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
surfactant
oxide
surfactant mixture
amphoteric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP05737894A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Günter OETTER
Stephan Hess
Ulrich Steinbrenner
Jürgen Tropsch
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Publication of EP1753854A2 publication Critical patent/EP1753854A2/en
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/83Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/825Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
    • C11D1/94Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/123Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from carboxylic acids, e.g. sulfosuccinates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/75Amino oxides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of at least one anionic and at least one amphoteric surfactant, a surfactant mixture consisting of isotridecanol which is alkoxylated with ethylene oxide and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the use of appropriate surfactant mixtures for lowering the micelle concentration, increasing the wetting rate and Improvement of the adsorption at interfaces and cleaning agents containing the surfactant mixtures according to the invention.
  • Alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol are often used to set the surface tension of the solvent water to low values and thus meet the requirements for rapid wetting.
  • the alcohols are a problem for people and the environment because of their volatility.
  • the very good wetting effect of hydrophobic alcohols which can be produced from acetylenes and aldehydes, is known.
  • These molecules do not form micelles and are therefore unable to detach, emulsify or solubilize hydrophobic substances from surfaces.
  • US 4,276,205 discloses a surfactant composition with improved cleaning power in cold water, comprising an amine oxide, an ethoxylated alcohol or an ethoxylated alkylphenol and a condensation product of C 2 -C 4 alkylene oxides with a molecular weight of 2,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
  • US 4,405,483 discloses a liquid cleaning composition comprising a surfactant, an aluminosilicate ion exchange material, a stabilizing agent and a polymeric compound which absorbs calcium and magnesium ions in water.
  • WO 99/19438 discloses an aqueous cleaning composition which is free from anionic surfactants and which contains linear ethoxylated alcohols and an amine oxide or a betaine.
  • the composition contains, for example, cationic ammonium compounds as an optional component.
  • Surfactant mixtures containing combinations of specified ethoxylated zwitterionic compounds with other cleaning agents, disclosed in US 3,929,678, are suitable for the removal of contaminants.
  • EP 0 347 199 A2 discloses aqueous shampoo compositions which contain sodium or ammonium dialkyl sulfosuccinates and antimicrobial compounds such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyrridone and 1-imidazoyl-2-butanone or derivatives thereof.
  • DE 199 18 267 A1 discloses a hand dishwashing detergent in which the sensitive ingredients are incorporated in an easily manageable form that is stable in temperature, storage and transportation. This is achieved by a thickened surfactant containing anionic and amphoteric surfactants, polymers and microcapsules.
  • Processes such as the application of crop protection agents, the coating of car bodies with aqueous pigment dispersions, metalworking, paper and textile manufacture, printing and dyeing are based on fast-running spraying and wetting processes.
  • highly dynamic surfactants are required, which can reduce the surface and interfacial tension within milliseconds.
  • These surfactants are usually amphiphiles with a short alkyl chain or branched structures; usually structures with a high micelle concentration and thus a high concentration of non-micellar bound molecules. This is associated with rapid diffusion to the interface, formation of an interface film and lowering of the interface energy as a prerequisite for effective wetting and the formation of small droplets when spraying. Since these structures generally have a high micelle formation concentration, the prerequisite for simultaneous emulsification and solubilization, for example in order to remove oily dirt in washing and cleaning processes, does not exist at low application concentrations.
  • Surfactants have the property of attaching to interfaces and reducing the interfacial energy between two phases. They consist of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part of the molecule, the surfactant molecules in aqueous solution attaching to the interfaces with increasing surfactant concentration until these are completely occupied. Above a certain concentration, the free surfactants remaining in the solution form agglomerates, which are called micelles. This Limit concentration is called critical micelle formation concentration (cmc), ie above this concentration the surfactants form micelles.
  • cmc critical micelle formation concentration
  • a problem with the surfactants and mixtures of surfactants known from the prior art is that they are either highly dynamic and thus rapidly absorb at interfaces, form an interface film and thereby reduce the interfacial energy, or that they have a low micelle formation concentration, so that the prerequisites for emulsifying, solubilizing or loosening dirt. Since these two requirements are not present at the same time, the known surfactants or surfactant mixtures can only be used in a limited range of applications.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide surfactant mixtures which are highly dynamic and thus adsorb rapidly at interfaces, form an interface film and thereby reduce the interface energy.
  • These surfactant mixtures should at the same time have a low micelle formation concentration, so that there is also the prerequisite for emulsification, solubilization or for removing dirt, and the surfactant systems can therefore be used over a broader range of applications.
  • a surfactant mixture consisting of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant.
  • the present invention relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of
  • Anionic surfactants are surface-active compounds with one or more functional anion-active groups that dissociate in aqueous solution to form anions, which are ultimately responsible for the surface-active properties.
  • Anionic surfactants which can be used in the surfactant mixture according to the invention can be selected from organic, sulfur-containing compounds, preferably selected from the group consisting of CC 16 - alkylbenzosulfonates, CrC 2 o-alkanesulfonates, C 2 -C 2 o-olefinsulfonates, Di -C-C 20 - alkyl sulfosuccinates, Di-CrC 2 o-alkylphenolsulfosuccinates, primary and secondary C 1 -C 2 o -alkyl sulfates, C ⁇ -C 2 o-alkyl polyether ethoxy sulfates with 1 to 25 ethoxy groups and mixtures thereof, these anionic surfactants being in the form their alkali metal, ammonium, CrC 6 alkanolamine or CC 6 alkylamine salts or mixtures thereof are present.
  • the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of di-CrC 2 o-alkyl sulfosuccinates or di-CrC 20 alkylphenol sulfosuccinates are particularly preferably used as anionic surfactants in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
  • di-d-Cso-alkylsulfosuccinates used particularly preferably as anionic surfactants correspond to the general formula (I)
  • R 1 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated CrC 2 o radical, preferably linear or branched, saturated CrC t o alkyl radical, very particularly preferably single branched C 8 alkyl radical,
  • M 1 alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or + NR 2 4 with R 2 : independently of one another hydrogen or linear or branched d-Ce-alkyl radical, preferably an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na and K.
  • M 1 is alkaline earth metal, the corresponding cation and the anion are present in a ratio of 1: 2, so that charge neutrality is obtained.
  • the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate is particularly preferably used as the anionic surfactant in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
  • anionic surfactants which can be used in the surfactant mixture according to the invention can be prepared by processes known to the person skilled in the art.
  • amphoteric surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants are used interchangeably in this document.
  • all surface-active substances with at least two functional groups which can ionize in aqueous solution and which, depending on the conditions of the medium, impart anionic or cationic character to the surface-active compounds can be used as amphoteric surfactants.
  • amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the mixture according to the invention include betaines, amine oxides, alkylamidoalkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids, acetylated amino acids or surfactants of natural origin, such as lecithins or saponins.
  • Suitable betaines are the alkylbetaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines, the sulfobetaines and the phosphobetaines and preferably satisfy formula (II),
  • R 3 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8-18 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C ⁇ 2 - 14 alkyl radical
  • X is NH, NR 6, with the C ⁇ Alkyl radical R 6 , O or S
  • n is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, x 0 or 1, preferably 1,
  • R 4 , R 5 independently of one another are a C 4 alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl radical, in particular a methyl radical, m is a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, y 0 or 1 and Y COO, SO 3 , OPO (OR 7 ) O or P (O) (OR 7 ) O, where R 7 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 . -Alkylrest is.
  • amphoteric surfactants are the alkyl betaines of formula (III), the alkyl amido betaines of formula (IV), the sulfobetaines of formula (V) and the amidosulfobetaines of formula (VI),
  • R 3 has the same meaning as in formula (II).
  • betaines and sulfobetaines are the following compounds (INCI names): Almondamidopropyl betaines, Apricotamidopropyl betaines, Avocadamidopropyl betaines, Babassuamidopropyl betaines, Behenamidopropyl betaines, Behenyl betaines, betaines, Canolamidopropyl betaines, Capryl / Capramidopropyl betaine, Carnyl Betaines, Cocamidoethyl Betaines, Cocamidopropyl Betaines, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Coco-Betaines, Coco-Hydroxysultaine, Coco / Oleamidopropyl Betaines, Coco-Sultaine, Decyl Betaines, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Stearyl, Glyhydroxy Sulcinate, Dihydroxy
  • amine oxides suitable as amphoteric surfactants according to the invention include alkylamine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides.
  • alkylamine oxides in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides.
  • Preferred amine oxides satisfy formulas (VII) and (VIII),
  • R 8 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 - Alkyirest, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12 - ⁇ 5 -Alklyrest that the alkylamidoamine oxides in a Carbonylamidoalky- len distr -CO-NH- (CH 2) z - and in the alkoxyalkylamine an oxaalkylene group -O- (CH 2 ) z is bonded to the nitrogen atom N, where z is in each case a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, R 9 , R 10, independently of one another, a C 4 alkyl radical , is optionally hydroxy-substituted such as a hydroxyethyl radical, in particular a methyl radical.
  • Suitable amine oxides are the following compounds (INCI names): Almondamidpropylamine Oxide, Babassuaamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Morpholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminopyrimidine Oxide, Di-hydroxyethyl-C 8 . 10 -alkoxypropylamine oxides, dihydroxyethyl-C 9 .
  • alkylamidoalkylamines are amphoteric surfactants of the formula (IX)
  • R 11 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -Alkylrest, preferably C 8 - ⁇ 8 - alkyl residue, especially a saturated Cio- t ⁇ -alkyl residue, for example a saturated
  • R 12 is a hydrogen atom H or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, preferably H, i is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 2 or 3,
  • R 3 is hydrogen or CH ⁇ COOM 2 (for M 2 see below), j is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1, k is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1,
  • I is 0 or 1
  • R 14 is a d- 4 -alkyl radical or M 2 (see below), and M 2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or is a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • alkylamidoalkylamines are the following compounds (INCI names): Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido Amphopropionate,
  • Disodium Caproamphodiacetate Disodium Capro- amphodipropionate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipro- pionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, camphodiacetate Disodium Co-, Disodium Cocamphodipropionate, tate Disodium Isostearoamphodiace-, Disodium Isostearoamphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiace- did, Disodium Lauroamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2 -lsodeceth-7 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Stearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Tallowamphodiacetate, Disodium Wheatger- mamphodiacetate, Lauroam
  • Alkyl-substituted amino acids preferred according to the invention are monoalkyl-substituted amino acids according to formula (XIV),
  • R 15 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 -C 8 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated C 0 -C 16 alkyl radical, for example a saturated C 12th alkyl,
  • R 16 is hydrogen or a C 4 -alkyl radical, preferably H, u is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1, in particular 1, and M 3 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di - or triethanolamine, is alkyl-substituted imino acids according to formula (XV),
  • R 1 / -N - [(CH 2 ) v -COOM 4 ] 2 (XV) in R 17 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8-18 - alkyl group, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 12 - ⁇ 4 alkyl radical, v is a number from 1 to 5, preferably 2 or 3, especially 2, and
  • M 4 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine, where M 4 in the two carboxyl groups can have the same or two different meanings, for example hydrogen and sodium or twice sodium can, is, and mono- or dialkyl-substituted natural amino acids according to formula (XVII),
  • R is a saturated or unsaturated C 18 6-22 alkyl, preferably C. 8 18 - Alkyirest, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated
  • R 19 is hydrogen or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy or amine substituted, for example a
  • R 20 is the residue of one of the 20 natural amino acids H 2 NCH (R 20 ) COOH, and M 5 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
  • alkyl-substituted amino acids are the aminopropionates according to formula (XVII)
  • alkyl-substituted amino acids are the following compounds (INCI names): aminopropyl laurylglutamine, cocaminobutyric acid, DEA lauraminopropionate, disodium cocaminopropyl iminodiacetate, disodium dicarboxyethyl cocopropylenediamine, disodium lauriminodipropionate, disodium stearimino-dodropionate laurodipropionate dipropionate, dopropionate dopropionate, dopropionate dopropionate dopropionate, minopropylglycine, Lauryl Diethylenediaminoglycine, Myristaminopropionic Acid, Sodium C 12 .
  • Acylated amino acids are amino acids, especially the 20 natural ⁇ -amino acids, which carry the acyl residue R 21 CO of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R 21 COOH on the amino nitrogen atom, where R 21 is a saturated or unsaturated one
  • C ⁇ - 22 alkyl radical preferably C 8 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C10 - 16 - alkyl radical, for example a saturated C 12 - ⁇ 4 is alkyl.
  • the acylated amino acids can also be used as the alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or alkanolammonium salt, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salt.
  • Exemplary acylated amino acids are the acyl derivatives, for example sodium cocoyl glutamate, lauroyl glutamic acid, caproyloyl glycine or myristoyl methylanine.
  • Myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide are used as particularly preferred amphoteric surfactants in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
  • the surfactant mixture according to the invention preferably consists of one anionic and one or two amphoteric surfactants.
  • the surfactant mixture according to the invention consists of 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant and 40 to 60% by weight. %, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight, of an amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of two amphoteric surfactants.
  • the surfactant mixture according to the invention consists of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide.
  • the micelle formation concentration (cmc) of the surfactant mixtures according to the invention is ⁇ 1.0 g / l at 25 ° C.
  • the micelle formation concentration (cmc) is particularly preferably ⁇ 0.5 g / l, very particularly preferably ⁇ 0, 1 g / l.
  • the surface tension of an aqueous solution of the surfactant mixture having a concentration of 1 g / l, measured by the method of the maximum bubble pressure at 25 ° C. is ⁇ 45 mN / m after 0.1 s, and the surface tension is particularly preferably ⁇ 40 mN / m, very particularly preferably ⁇ 36 mN / m.
  • the present invention also relates to a solution consisting of 0.01 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, of a surfactant mixture according to the invention consisting of 10 to 90 % By weight of at least one anionic surfactant and
  • the solution according to the invention preferably consists exclusively of the surfactant mixture and water.
  • a surfactant mixture consisting of an isotridekanol and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide has the advantageous properties according to the invention with regard to high wetting speed and improvement of adsorption at interfaces.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight, of isotridecanol which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide , and 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum totaling 100% by weight in each case.
  • the isotridekanol used according to the invention which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide can be prepared by processes known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of surfactant mixtures consisting of
  • 10 to 90% by weight preferably 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant and 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant,
  • Examples of the applications according to the invention are: general-purpose cleaners, textile detergents, spray cleaners, hand dishwashing detergents, for cleaning in the private, industrial and institutional sector, including metalworking, for paper production, humectants, printing plate and printing roller cleaners in the printing industry, paints, coatings, adhesives in Varnish and film industry, production and stabilization of emulsions and in emulsion polymerization, formulations in the textile industry, such as leveling agents or formulations for yarn cleaning or formulations for the production of leather.
  • nonionic surfactants which can be used are all surface-active substances or compounds which do not form any ions in the aqueous medium.
  • Nonionic surfactants are water-soluble addition products obtained by adding 3 to 30 moles of an alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene or propylene oxide, to one mole of an organic, hydrophobic compound of aliphatic or alkylaromatic nature with 8 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one reactive hydrogen atom, in particular a reactive hydroxyl, amino, amido or carboxyl group.
  • nonionic water-soluble addition products obtained by adding several moles of an alkylene oxide to one mole of an organic hydrophobic compound are as follows:
  • ethylene oxide with fatty acid esters, preferably mono fatty acid esters of the sugar alcohols sorbitol and mannitol;
  • Polyglycoloxycarboxylic acid esters obtained by reacting ethylene oxide with carboxylic acids, the latter being natural fatty acids or synthetic fatty acids from oxidized paraffin wax having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or alkylbenzoic or naphthenic acids having 5 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain;
  • a preferred nonionic surfactant is isotridekanol, which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide.
  • the present invention also relates to a cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, in particular preferably 50% by weight of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, particularly preferably 50% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the The sum is 100% by weight.
  • a surfactant mixture consisting of 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, in particular preferably 50% by weight of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, particularly preferably 50% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the The sum is 100% by weight.
  • the present invention also relates to a cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight, of isotridecanol; which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5 equivalents of ethylene oxide, and 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum in each case 100 wt .-% results.
  • a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight, of isotridecanol; which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5 equivalents of ethylene oxide, and 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum in each case 100 wt .-% results.
  • the cleaning agents according to the invention can furthermore contain all of the suitable ingredients known to the person skilled in the art, for example builders (sequestering agents) and co-builders, pH regulators, such as inorganic or organic acids, inorganic or organic bases and buffer systems, dispersants, dirt-carrying agents, Thickeners, enzymes, bleaching systems, hydrotropic compounds as solubilizers or solubilizers, for example Urea or alcohols, foam regulators to stabilize or dampen the foam, skin and corrosion protection agents, disinfectant compounds or systems, e.g. those which contain iodine or which release chlorine or hypochlorous acid, e.g. Dichloroisocyanurate, perfume, dyes and biocides as disclosed in WO 2001/96508.
  • suitable ingredients known to the person skilled in the art, for example builders (sequestering agents) and co-builders, pH regulators, such as inorganic or organic acids, inorganic or organic bases and buffer systems, dispersants, dirt-carrying agents,
  • the wetting of hard surfaces was determined as a function of time using a contact angle measuring device using the lying drop method.
  • Myristyldimethylamine oxide (4: 6) 33 mN / m
  • the wetting of hard surfaces was determined as a function of time using a contact angle measuring device using the lying drop method.
  • Contact angle [degrees] time-dependent; Surfactant concentration: 0.2 g / l; T 40 ° C

Abstract

A surfactant mixture is disclosed comprising at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant, as well as a solution comprising 0.01-40 % by weight of this surfactant mixture, 60-99.99 % by weight water and 0-5 % by weight additives, the use of surfactant mixtures comprising at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant or at least one non-ionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant for lowering micelle formation concentration, increasing wetting speed and improving adsorption at the boundary surfaces in detergents, cleaning agents, rinsing agents, coatings, moisturisers, emulsions, suspensions, equalising additives or formulations for finishing leather and/or textiles, and detergents containing surfactant mixtures of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and myristyl and/or lauryl dimethylaminoxide or isotridecanol ethoxylated with 3-7 equivalents ethylene oxide, and myristyl and/or lauryl dimethylaminoxide.

Description

Synergistische Tensidmischungen mit hoher Dynamik, gleichzeitig niedriger cmc und hohem Wasch- und ReinigungsvermögenSynergistic surfactant mixtures with high dynamics, at the same time low cmc and high washing and cleaning properties
Beschreibungdescription
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus wenigstens einem anionischen und wenigstens einem amphoteren Tensid, eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus Isotridekanol, welches mit Ethylenoxid alkoxyliert ist, und Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, die Verwendung entsprechender Tensidmischungen zur Absenkung der Mizellkonzentration, Erhöhung der Benetzungsgeschwindigkeit und Verbesserung der Adsorption an Grenzflächen, sowie Reinigungsmittel enthaltend die erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischungen.The present invention relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of at least one anionic and at least one amphoteric surfactant, a surfactant mixture consisting of isotridecanol which is alkoxylated with ethylene oxide and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the use of appropriate surfactant mixtures for lowering the micelle concentration, increasing the wetting rate and Improvement of the adsorption at interfaces and cleaning agents containing the surfactant mixtures according to the invention.
Die Bereitstellung hoch dynamischer Tensidsysteme ist eine zentrale Aufgabe in vielen Bereichen. Oft werden Alkohole wie Ethanol und Isopropanol verwendet, um die Oberflächenspannung des Lösungsmittels Wasser auf niedrige Werte einzustellen und um damit die Voraussetzung für schnelles Netzen mitzubringen. Die Alkohole sind wegen ihrer Flüchtigkeit allerdings ein Problem für Mensch und Umwelt. Die sehr gut netzende Wirkung von hydrophoben Alkoholen, die aus Acetylenen und Aldehyden hergestellt werden können, ist bekannt. Als Verkaufsprodukte sind sie zum Beispiel unter dem Namen Surfynol® auf dem Markt. Diese Moleküle bilden keine Mizellen und sind damit nicht in der Lage hydrophobe Stoffe von Oberflächen abzulösen, zu emulgieren oder zu solubilisieren.The provision of highly dynamic surfactant systems is a central task in many areas. Alcohols such as ethanol and isopropanol are often used to set the surface tension of the solvent water to low values and thus meet the requirements for rapid wetting. However, the alcohols are a problem for people and the environment because of their volatility. The very good wetting effect of hydrophobic alcohols, which can be produced from acetylenes and aldehydes, is known. As sales products, for example, they are on the market under the name Surfynol ® . These molecules do not form micelles and are therefore unable to detach, emulsify or solubilize hydrophobic substances from surfaces.
Alle wirksamen Netzmittel zeigen in der Regel geringe Aggregationsneigung, also geringe Tendenz zur Mizellbildung. Damit lassen sich diese Substanzen nicht gleichzeitig für Anwendungen wie dem Waschen und Reinigen verwenden, bei denen die Existenz von Mizellen Voraussetzung ist.All effective wetting agents generally show a low tendency to aggregate, i.e. a low tendency towards micelle formation. This means that these substances cannot be used simultaneously for applications such as washing and cleaning, in which the existence of micelles is a prerequisite.
Mischungen verschiedener Tenside in Verbindung mit weiteren Stoffen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt.Mixtures of various surfactants in combination with other substances are known from the prior art.
US 4,276,205 offenbart eine Tensidzusammensetzung mit verbesserter Reinigungskraft in kaltem Wasser, beinhaltend ein Aminoxid, einen ethoxylierten Alkohol oder ein ethoxyliertes Alkylphenol und ein Kondensationsprodukt von C2-C4-Alkylenoxiden mit einem Molgewicht von 2000 bis 40000 g/mol.US 4,276,205 discloses a surfactant composition with improved cleaning power in cold water, comprising an amine oxide, an ethoxylated alcohol or an ethoxylated alkylphenol and a condensation product of C 2 -C 4 alkylene oxides with a molecular weight of 2,000 to 40,000 g / mol.
US 4,405,483 offenbart eine flüssige Reinigungszusammensetzung beinhaltend ein Tensid, ein Aluminosilikationenaustauschmaterial, ein stabilisierendes Mittel und eine polymere Verbindung, die Calzium- und Magnesiumionen in Wasser absorbiert. WO 99/19438 offenbart eine wässrige Reinigungszusammensetzung, die frei ist von anionischen Tensiden, und die lineare ethoxylierte Alkohole und ein Aminoxid oder ein Betain enthält. Als optionale Komponente enthält die Zusammensetzung beispielsweise kationische Ammoniumverbindungen.US 4,405,483 discloses a liquid cleaning composition comprising a surfactant, an aluminosilicate ion exchange material, a stabilizing agent and a polymeric compound which absorbs calcium and magnesium ions in water. WO 99/19438 discloses an aqueous cleaning composition which is free from anionic surfactants and which contains linear ethoxylated alcohols and an amine oxide or a betaine. The composition contains, for example, cationic ammonium compounds as an optional component.
Tensidmischungen, welche Kombinationen von spezifizierten ethoxylierten zwitterionischen Verbindungen mit anderen Reinigungsmitteln enthalten, offenbart in US 3,929,678, sind geeignet für die Entfernung von Verschmutzungen.Surfactant mixtures containing combinations of specified ethoxylated zwitterionic compounds with other cleaning agents, disclosed in US 3,929,678, are suitable for the removal of contaminants.
EP 0 347 199 A2 offenbart wässrige Shampoozusammensetzungen, die Natrium- oder Ammoniumdialkylsulfosuccinate und antimikrobiell wirkende Verbindungen wie 1- Hydroxy-2-pyrridon und 1-lmidazoyl-2-Butanon oder Derivate davon enthalten.EP 0 347 199 A2 discloses aqueous shampoo compositions which contain sodium or ammonium dialkyl sulfosuccinates and antimicrobial compounds such as 1-hydroxy-2-pyrridone and 1-imidazoyl-2-butanone or derivatives thereof.
DE 199 18 267 A1 offenbart ein Handgeschirrspülmittel, in dem die empfindlichen In- haltsstoffe in temperatur-, lager- und transportstabiler, leicht handhabbarer Form eingearbeitet sind. Dies wird erreicht durch ein verdicktes, tensidhaltiges Mittel, welches anionische und amphotere Tenside, Polymere und Mikrokapseln enthält.DE 199 18 267 A1 discloses a hand dishwashing detergent in which the sensitive ingredients are incorporated in an easily manageable form that is stable in temperature, storage and transportation. This is achieved by a thickened surfactant containing anionic and amphoteric surfactants, polymers and microcapsules.
Prozesse wie die Applikation von Pflanzenschutzmitteln, die Lackierung von Karosse- rien mit wässrigen Pigmentdispersionen, Metallbearbeitung, Papier- und Textilherstel- lung, Drucken und Färben beruhen auf schnell ablaufenden Sprüh- und Benetzungs- prozessen. Um diese Vorgänge in Formulierungen auf wässriger Basis kontrollieren zu können, sind hochdynamische Tenside erforderlich, welche die Oberflächen- und Grenzflächenspannung innerhalb von Millisekunden verringern können. Diese Tenside sind in der Regel Amphiphile mit kurzer Alkylkette oder verzweigten Strukturen; in der Regel Strukturen mit hoher Mizellbildungskonzentration und damit hoher Konzentration an nicht mizellar gebundenen Molekülen. Damit verbunden ist eine schnelle Diffusion an die Grenzfläche, Ausbildung eines Grenzflächenfilms und Erniedrigung der Grenzflächenenergie als Voraussetzung für effektives Netzen und die Bildung kleiner Tröpf- chen beim Versprühen. Da diese Strukturen in der Regel eine hohe Mizellbildungskonzentration aufweisen, ist die Voraussetzung für gleichzeitiges Emulgieren, Solubilisie- ren, zum Beispiel um öligen Schmutz in Wasch- und Reinigungsprozessen zu entfernen, bei niedrigen Anwendungskonzentrationen nicht gegeben.Processes such as the application of crop protection agents, the coating of car bodies with aqueous pigment dispersions, metalworking, paper and textile manufacture, printing and dyeing are based on fast-running spraying and wetting processes. In order to control these processes in water-based formulations, highly dynamic surfactants are required, which can reduce the surface and interfacial tension within milliseconds. These surfactants are usually amphiphiles with a short alkyl chain or branched structures; usually structures with a high micelle concentration and thus a high concentration of non-micellar bound molecules. This is associated with rapid diffusion to the interface, formation of an interface film and lowering of the interface energy as a prerequisite for effective wetting and the formation of small droplets when spraying. Since these structures generally have a high micelle formation concentration, the prerequisite for simultaneous emulsification and solubilization, for example in order to remove oily dirt in washing and cleaning processes, does not exist at low application concentrations.
Tenside haben die Eigenschaft, sich an Grenzflächen anzulagern und die Grenzflächenenergie zwischen zwei Phasen zu verringern. Sie bestehen aus einem hydrophilen und einem hydrophobem Molekülteil, wobei sich die Tensidmoleküle in wässriger Lösung mit zunehmender Tensidkonzentration an den Grenzflächen anlagern, bis diese vollständig belegt sind. Ab einer bestimmten Konzentration bilden die freien in der Lösung verbliebenen Tenside Agglomerate, die Mizellen genannt werden. Diese Grenzkonzentration wird als kritische Mizellbildungskonzentration (cmc) bezeichnet, d.h. oberhalb dieser Konzentration bilden die Tenside Mizellen.Surfactants have the property of attaching to interfaces and reducing the interfacial energy between two phases. They consist of a hydrophilic and a hydrophobic part of the molecule, the surfactant molecules in aqueous solution attaching to the interfaces with increasing surfactant concentration until these are completely occupied. Above a certain concentration, the free surfactants remaining in the solution form agglomerates, which are called micelles. This Limit concentration is called critical micelle formation concentration (cmc), ie above this concentration the surfactants form micelles.
Die Gründe für die geringe Dynamik von Tensiden, die bei der Einsatzkonzentration mizellar vorliegen, können verschieden sein. Ein Grund kann die Stabilität der Mizellen sein, so dass die Nachlieferung von frei gelösten Tensiden aus dem Mizellverband heraus nicht schnell genug erfolgt. Weiterhin ist bekannt, dass Mizellen langsamer diffundieren und damit eine Grenzfläche später erreichen als Einzelmoleküle. Außerdem kann eine Adsorptionsbarriere für Mizellen an Grenzflächen der Grund für die niedrige- re Dynamik sein. Die dynamischen Nachteile, die mit dem Vorliegen von Mizellen verknüpft sind, können umgangen werden, wenn es gelingt, den Zerfall von Mizellen oder die Nachlieferung einzelner Tenside aus den Mizellaggregaten heraus zu beschleunigen.The reasons for the low dynamics of surfactants, which are micellar at the use concentration, can be different. One reason can be the stability of the micelles, so that the subsequent delivery of freely dissolved surfactants from the micelle dressing is not fast enough. It is also known that micelles diffuse more slowly and thus reach an interface later than single molecules. In addition, an adsorption barrier for micelles at interfaces can be the reason for the lower dynamics. The dynamic disadvantages associated with the presence of micelles can be avoided if it is possible to accelerate the disintegration of micelles or the subsequent delivery of individual surfactants from the micelle aggregates.
Ein Problem der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Tenside und Mischungen von Tensiden ist, dass sie entweder hoch dynamisch sind und damit schnell an Grenzflächen absorbieren, einen Grenzflächenfilm bilden und dadurch die Grenzflächenenergie herabsetzen, oder dass sie eine niedrige Mizellbildungskonzentration aufweisen, so dass die Voraussetzungen für Emulgieren, Solubilisieren oder das Lösen von Schmutz gegeben sind. Da diese beiden Voraussetzungen nicht gleichzeitig vorliegen, können die bekannten Tenside bzw. Tensidmischungen nur jeweils in einem eingeschränkten Anwendungsbereich eingesetzt werden.A problem with the surfactants and mixtures of surfactants known from the prior art is that they are either highly dynamic and thus rapidly absorb at interfaces, form an interface film and thereby reduce the interfacial energy, or that they have a low micelle formation concentration, so that the prerequisites for emulsifying, solubilizing or loosening dirt. Since these two requirements are not present at the same time, the known surfactants or surfactant mixtures can only be used in a limited range of applications.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, Tensidmischungen bereitzustellen, die hoch dynamisch sind und damit schnell an Grenzflächen adsorbieren, einen Grenzflächenfilm bilden und dadurch die Grenzflächenenergie herabsetzen. Diese Tensidmischungen sollten gleichzeitig eine niedrige Mizellbildungskonzentration aufweisen, so dass zusätzlich die Voraussetzung für Emulgieren, Solubilisieren oder für das Ablösen von Schmutz gegeben ist, und die Tensidsysteme somit über einen breiteren Anwen- dungsbereich eingesetzt werden können.The object of the present invention is to provide surfactant mixtures which are highly dynamic and thus adsorb rapidly at interfaces, form an interface film and thereby reduce the interface energy. These surfactant mixtures should at the same time have a low micelle formation concentration, so that there is also the prerequisite for emulsification, solubilization or for removing dirt, and the surfactant systems can therefore be used over a broader range of applications.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus mindestens einem anionischen Tensid und mindestens einem amphoteren Tensid.This object is achieved according to the invention by a surfactant mixture consisting of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one amphoteric surfactant.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Tensidmischung, bestehend ausThe present invention relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines anionischen Tensids und10 to 90% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant and
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids,10 to 90% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant,
wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt. Die Bestandteile der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung werden im Folgenden erläutert:the sum being 100% by weight. The components of the surfactant mixture according to the invention are explained below:
Anionische TensideAnionic surfactants
Anionische Tenside sind grenzflächenaktive Verbindungen mit einer oder mehreren funktioneilen anionenaktiven Gruppen, die in wässriger Lösung unter Bildung von Ani- onen dissoziieren, welche letztlich für die grenzflächenaktiven Eigenschaften verant- wortlich sind.Anionic surfactants are surface-active compounds with one or more functional anion-active groups that dissociate in aqueous solution to form anions, which are ultimately responsible for the surface-active properties.
Anionische Tenside, welche in der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung eingesetzt werden können, können ausgewählt werden aus organischen, Schwefel enthaltenden Verbindungen, bevorzugt ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus C C16- Alkylbenzosulfonaten, CrC2o-Alkansulfonaten, C2-C2o-Olefinsulfonaten, Di-Cι-C20- Alkylsulfosuccinaten, Di-CrC2o-Alkylphenolsulfosuccinaten, primären und sekundären C1-C2o-Alkylsulfaten, Cι-C2o-Alkylpolyetherethoxysulfaten mit 1 bis 25 Ethoxygruppen und deren Gemische, wobei diese anionischen Tenside in Form ihrer Alkalimetall-, Ammonium-, CrC6-Alkanolamin- oder C C6-Alkylaminsalze oder deren Gemische vor- liegen.Anionic surfactants which can be used in the surfactant mixture according to the invention can be selected from organic, sulfur-containing compounds, preferably selected from the group consisting of CC 16 - alkylbenzosulfonates, CrC 2 o-alkanesulfonates, C 2 -C 2 o-olefinsulfonates, Di -C-C 20 - alkyl sulfosuccinates, Di-CrC 2 o-alkylphenolsulfosuccinates, primary and secondary C 1 -C 2 o -alkyl sulfates, Cι-C 2 o-alkyl polyether ethoxy sulfates with 1 to 25 ethoxy groups and mixtures thereof, these anionic surfactants being in the form their alkali metal, ammonium, CrC 6 alkanolamine or CC 6 alkylamine salts or mixtures thereof are present.
Besonders bevorzugt werden als anionische Tenside die Alkalimetall-, Erdalkalimetall- und Ammoniumsalze von Di-CrC2o-Alkylsulfosuccinaten oder Di-CrC20-Alkylphenol- sulfosuccinaten in der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung eingesetzt.The alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and ammonium salts of di-CrC 2 o-alkyl sulfosuccinates or di-CrC 20 alkylphenol sulfosuccinates are particularly preferably used as anionic surfactants in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
Die besonders bevorzugt als anionische Tenside eingesetzten Di-d-Cso- Alkylsulfosuccinate entsprechen der allgemeinen Formel (I)The di-d-Cso-alkylsulfosuccinates used particularly preferably as anionic surfactants correspond to the general formula (I)
worin M1 und R1 die folgenden Bedeutungen haben: where M 1 and R 1 have the following meanings:
R1: Linearer oder verzweigter, gesättigter oder ungesättigter CrC2o-Rest, bevorzugt linearer oder verzweigter, gesättigter CrCto-Alkylrest, ganz besonders bevorzugt einfach verzweigter C8-Alkylrest,R 1 : linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated CrC 2 o radical, preferably linear or branched, saturated CrC t o alkyl radical, very particularly preferably single branched C 8 alkyl radical,
M1: Alkalimetall, Erdalkalimetall oder +NR2 4 mit R2: unabhängig voneinander Wasserstoff oder linearer oder verzweigter d-Ce-Alkylrest, bevorzugt ein Alkalimetall ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Li, Na und K.M 1 : alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or + NR 2 4 with R 2 : independently of one another hydrogen or linear or branched d-Ce-alkyl radical, preferably an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na and K.
Bedeutet M1 Erdalkalimetall, so liegen das entsprechende Kation und das Anion im Verhältnis 1 : 2 vor, so dass sich Ladungsneutralität ergibt.If M 1 is alkaline earth metal, the corresponding cation and the anion are present in a ratio of 1: 2, so that charge neutrality is obtained.
Besonders bevorzugt wird als anionisches Tensid das Na-Salz von Di-2- ethylhexylsulfosuccinat in der erfindungsgemäße Tensidmischung eingesetzt.The Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate is particularly preferably used as the anionic surfactant in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung einsetzbaren anionischen Tenside können nach dem Fachmann bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden.The anionic surfactants which can be used in the surfactant mixture according to the invention can be prepared by processes known to the person skilled in the art.
Amphotere bzw. zwitterionische TensideAmphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants
Die Begriffe amphotere Tenside und zwitterionische Tenside werden in dieser Schrift gleichbedeutend verwendet.The terms amphoteric surfactants and zwitterionic surfactants are used interchangeably in this document.
In der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung können als amphotere Tenside alle oberflächenaktiven Stoffe mit wenigstens zwei funktioneilen Gruppen, die in wässriger Lösung ionisieren können und dabei, je nach Bedingungen des Mediums, den oberflächenaktiven Verbindungen anionischen oder kationischen Charakter verleihen, einge- setzt werden.In the surfactant mixture according to the invention, all surface-active substances with at least two functional groups which can ionize in aqueous solution and which, depending on the conditions of the medium, impart anionic or cationic character to the surface-active compounds can be used as amphoteric surfactants.
Zu den amphoteren Tensiden, die in der erfindungsgemäßen Mischung eingesetzt werden können, zählen Betaine, Aminoxide, Alkylamidoalkylamine, alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren, acetylierte Aminosäuren bzw. Tenside natürlicher Herkunft, wie Lecithi- ne oder Saponine.The amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the mixture according to the invention include betaines, amine oxides, alkylamidoalkylamines, alkyl-substituted amino acids, acetylated amino acids or surfactants of natural origin, such as lecithins or saponins.
BetaineBetaine
Geeignete Betaine sind die Alkylbetaine, die Alkylamidobetaine, die Imidazoliniumbe- taine, die Sulfobetaine sowie die Phosphobetaine und genügen vorzugsweise Formel (II),Suitable betaines are the alkylbetaines, the alkylamidobetaines, the imidazolinium betaines, the sulfobetaines and the phosphobetaines and preferably satisfy formula (II),
R3-[CO-X-(CH2)n]x-N+(R )(R5)-(CH2)-[CH(OH)-CH2]y-Y- (ll),R 3 - [CO-X- (CH 2 ) n ] x -N + (R) (R 5 ) - (CH 2 ) - [CH (OH) -CH 2 ] y -Y- (II),
in der R3 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6-22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8-18-Alkylrest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter Cι2-14-Alkylrest, X NH, NR6 mit dem C^-Alkylrest R6, O oder S, n eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 3, x 0 oder 1 , vorzugsweise 1 ,in the R 3 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6-22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8-18 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated Cι 2 - 14 alkyl radical, X is NH, NR 6, with the C ^ Alkyl radical R 6 , O or S, n is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, x 0 or 1, preferably 1,
R4, R5 unabhängig voneinander ein Cι-4-Alkylrest, gegebenenfalls hydroxysubstituiert wie z.B. ein Hydroxyethylrest, insbesondere ein Methylrest, m eine Zahl von 1 bis 4, insbesondere 1 , 2 oder 3, y 0 oder 1 und Y COO, SO3, OPO(OR7)O oder P(O)(OR7)O, wobei R7 ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein C1. -Alkylrest ist.R 4 , R 5 independently of one another are a C 4 alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy-substituted, such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl radical, in particular a methyl radical, m is a number from 1 to 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3, y 0 or 1 and Y COO, SO 3 , OPO (OR 7 ) O or P (O) (OR 7 ) O, where R 7 is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 . -Alkylrest is.
Die Alkyl- und Alkylamidobetaine, Betaine der Formel (II) mit einer Carboxylatgruppe (Y = COO"), heißen auch Carbobetaine.The alkyl and alkyl amido betaines, betaines of formula (II) with a carboxylate group (Y = COO " ), are also called carbobetaines.
Weitere amphotere Tenside sind die Alkylbetaine der Formel (III), die Alkylamidobetaine der Formel (IV), die Sulfobetaine der Formel (V) und die Amidosulfobetaine der Formel (VI),Further amphoteric surfactants are the alkyl betaines of formula (III), the alkyl amido betaines of formula (IV), the sulfobetaines of formula (V) and the amidosulfobetaines of formula (VI),
R3-N+(CH3)2-CH2COO" (III)R 3 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 COO " (III)
R3-CO-NH-(CH2)3-N+(CH3)2-CH2COO (IV)R 3 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 3 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 COO (IV)
R3-N+(CH3)2-CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3 " (V)R 3 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 SO 3 " (V)
R3-CO-NH-(CH2)3-N+(CH3)2CH2CH(OH)CH2SO3 " (VI)R 3 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 3 -N + (CH 3 ) 2 CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 SO 3 " (VI)
in denen R3 die gleiche Bedeutung wie in Formel (II) hat.in which R 3 has the same meaning as in formula (II).
Beispiele geeigneter Betaine und Sulfobetaine sind die folgenden Verbindungen (INCI- Bezeichnungen): Almondamidopropyl Betaine, Apricotamidopropyl Betaine, Avocada- midopropyl Betaine, Babassuamidopropyl Betaine, Behenamidopropyl Betaine, Behe- nyl Betaine, Betaine, Canolamidopropyl Betaine, Capryl/Capramidopropyl Betaine, Carnitine, Cetyl Betaine, Cocamidoethyl Betaine, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Cocami- dopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Coco-Betaine, Coco-Hydroxysultaine, Coco/Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Coco-Sultaine, Decyl Betaine, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Stearyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Tallow Glycinate, Di- methicone Propyl PB-Betaine, Erucamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Hydrogenated Tallow Betaine, Isostearamidopropyl Betaine, Lauramidopropyl Betaine, Lauryl Betaine, Lauryl Hydroxysultaine, Lauryl Sultaine, Milkamidopropyl Betaine, Minkamidopropyl Betaine, Myristamidopropyl Betaine, Myristyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Betaine, Oleamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Oleyl Betaine, Olivamidopropyl Betaine, Palmamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitoyl Carnitine, Palm Kernelamidopropyl Betaine, Po- lytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine, Ricinoleamidopropyl Betaine, Sesami- dopropyl Betaine, Soyamidopropyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, Stearyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Betaine, Tallowamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Tallow Betaine, Tallow Dihydroxyethyl Betaine, Undecylenamidopropyl Betaine und Wheat Germami- dopropyl Betaine.Examples of suitable betaines and sulfobetaines are the following compounds (INCI names): Almondamidopropyl betaines, Apricotamidopropyl betaines, Avocadamidopropyl betaines, Babassuamidopropyl betaines, Behenamidopropyl betaines, Behenyl betaines, betaines, Canolamidopropyl betaines, Capryl / Capramidopropyl betaine, Carnyl Betaines, Cocamidoethyl Betaines, Cocamidopropyl Betaines, Cocamidopropyl Hydroxysultaine, Coco-Betaines, Coco-Hydroxysultaine, Coco / Oleamidopropyl Betaines, Coco-Sultaine, Decyl Betaines, Dihydroxyethyl Oleyl Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Soy Glycinate, Dihydroxyethyl Stearyl, Glyhydroxy Sulcinate, Dihydroxyethyl - methicone propyl PB-betaine, erucamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, hydrogenated tallow betaine, isostearamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, lauryl betaine, lauryl hydroxysultaine, lauryl sultaine, milkamidopropyl betaine, minkamidopropyl betaine, myristamidopropyl betaine, myristyl betaine, oleamidopropyl betaine Hydroxysultaine, Oleyl Betaine, Olivamidopropyl Betaine, Palmamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitamidopropyl Betaine, Palmitoyl Carnitine, Palm Kernelamidopropyl Betaine, Polytetrafluoroethylene Acetoxypropyl Betaine, Ricinoleamidopropyl Betaine, Sesamidopropyl Betaine, Soyamidopropyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine, Stearamidopropyl Betaine Tallow betaine, tallow dihydroxyethyl betaine, undecylenamidopropyl betaine and wheat germamidopropyl betaine.
Aminoxideamine oxides
Zu den erfindungsgemäß als amphotere Tenside geeigneten Aminoxiden gehören Al- kylaminoxide, insbesondere Alkyldimethylaminoxide, Alkylamidoaminoxide und Alko- xyalkylaminoxide. Bevorzugte Aminoxide genügen Formeln (VII) und (VIII),The amine oxides suitable as amphoteric surfactants according to the invention include alkylamine oxides, in particular alkyldimethylamine oxides, alkylamidoamine oxides and alkoxyalkylamine oxides. Preferred amine oxides satisfy formulas (VII) and (VIII),
R8R9R10N+O- (VII)R 8 R 9 R 10 N + O- (VII)
R8-[CO-NH-(CH2)W]Z-N+(R9)(R10)-O- (VIII)R 8 - [CO-NH- (CH 2 ) W ] Z -N + (R 9 ) (R 10 ) -O- (VIII)
in denen R8 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18- Alkyirest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C125-Alklyrest, der in den Alkylamidoaminoxiden über eine Carbonylamidoalky- lengruppe -CO-NH-(CH2)z- und in den Alkoxyalkylaminoxiden über eine Oxaalky- lengruppe -O-(CH2)z an das Stickstoffatom N gebunden ist, wobei z jeweils eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 3, R9, R10 unabhängig voneinander ein Cι-4-Alkylrest, optional hydroxysubstituiert wie z.B. ein Hydroxyethylrest, insbesondere ein Methylrest, ist.in which R 8 is a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 18 - Alkyirest, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 125 -Alklyrest that the alkylamidoamine oxides in a Carbonylamidoalky- lengruppe -CO-NH- (CH 2) z - and in the alkoxyalkylamine an oxaalkylene group -O- (CH 2 ) z is bonded to the nitrogen atom N, where z is in each case a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 3, R 9 , R 10, independently of one another, a C 4 alkyl radical , is optionally hydroxy-substituted such as a hydroxyethyl radical, in particular a methyl radical.
Beispiele geeigneter Aminoxide sind die folgenden Verbindungen (INCI- Bezeichnungen): Almondamidpropylamine Oxide, Babassuaamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Morpholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminopyrimidine Oxide, Di- hydroxyethyl-C8.10-AlkoxypropyIamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl-C9.11-Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl-C125-Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Lauramine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Stearamine Oxide, Dihydroxyethyl Taliowamine Oxide, Hydrogena- ted Palm Kernel Amine Oxide, Hydrogenated Tallowamine Oxide, Hydroxyeth l Hydro- xypropyl-C12-i5-Alkoxypropylamine Oxide, Isostearamidopropylamine Oxide, Isostea- ramidopropyl Morpholine Oxide, Lauramidopropylamine Oxide, Lauramine Oxide, Methyl Morpholine Oxide, Milkamidopropyl Amine Oxide, Minkamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamidopropylamine Oxide, Myristamine Oxide, Myristyl/Cetyl Amine Oxide, Olea- miopropylamine Oxide, Oleamine Oxide, Olivamidopropylamine Oxide, Palmitami- dopropylamine Oxide, Palmmitamine Oxide, PEG-3 Lauramine Oxide, Potassium Di- hydroxyethyl Cocamine Oxide Phosphate, Potassium Triphosphonomethylamine Oxide, Sesamidopropylamine Oxide, Soyamidopropylamine Oxide, Stearamidopropylami- ne Oxide, Stearamine Oxide, Tallowamidopropylamine Oxide, Taliowamine Oxide, Un- decylenamidopropylamine Oxide, Wheat Germamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocoyldi- methylaminoxid, Lauryldimethylaminoxid, Decyldimethylaminoxid und Myristyldimethy- laminoxid.Examples of suitable amine oxides are the following compounds (INCI names): Almondamidpropylamine Oxide, Babassuaamidopropylamine Oxide, Behenamine Oxide, Cocamidopropylamine Oxide, Cocamine Oxide, Coco-Morpholine Oxide, Decylamine Oxide, Decyltetradecylamine Oxide, Diaminopyrimidine Oxide, Di-hydroxyethyl-C 8 . 10 -alkoxypropylamine oxides, dihydroxyethyl-C 9 . 11 -alkoxypropylamine oxides, dihydroxyethyl-C 125 -alkoxypropylamine oxides, dihydroxyethyl lauramine oxides, dihydroxyethyl stearamine oxides, dihydroxyethyl taliowamine oxides, hydrogenated palm kernel amine oxides, hydrogenated tallowamine oxides, hydroxyethyl l hydroxypropyl-C 12 -i 5 -alkoxypropylamine oxides, isostearamidopropylamine oxides, isostearamidopropyl morpholine oxides, lauramidopropylamine oxides, lauramine oxides, methyl morpholine oxides, milkamidopropyl amine oxides, minkamidopropylamine oxides, myristamidopropylamine oxides, myristamine oxides, myristyl oxide, oxine amine oxide amine oxide amine amine oxide amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide amine amine oxide amine amine amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide amine amine amine oxide / amine amine oxamine amine amine amine , Olivamidopropylamine Oxide, Palmitamidopropylamine Oxide, Palmmitamine Oxide, PEG-3 Lauramine Oxide, Potassium Di- laminoxid hydroxyethyl Coca Mine oxides phosphates, potassium Triphosphonomethylamine oxides Sesamidopropylamine oxides Soyamidopropylamine oxides Stearamidopropylami- ne oxides Stearamine oxides Tallowamidopropylamine oxides Taliowamine oxides UN decylenamidopropylamine oxides, Wheat Germamidopropylamine oxides Cocoyldi- methyl amine oxide, lauryl dimethyl amine oxide, decyl dimethyl and Myristyldimethy-.
Alkylamidoalkylaminealkylamidoalkylamines
Die Alkylamidoalkylamine sind amphotere Tenside der Formel (IX),The alkylamidoalkylamines are amphoteric surfactants of the formula (IX)
R11-CO-(NR12-(CH2)rN(R13)-(CH2CH2O)r(CH2)k-[CH(OH)]rCH2-Z-OM2 (IX)R 11 -CO- (NR 12 - (CH 2 ) rN (R 13 ) - (CH 2 CH 2 O) r (CH 2 ) k - [CH (OH)] r CH 2 -Z-OM 2 (IX)
in der R11 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C88- Alkyirest, insbesondere ein gesättigter Cio-tβ-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigterin R 11 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -Alkylrest, preferably C 88 - alkyl residue, especially a saturated Cio- t β-alkyl residue, for example a saturated
C12-13-Alkylrest,C 12 - 13 alkyl radical,
R12 ein Wasserstoffatom H oder ein C^-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise H, i eine Zahl von 1 bis 10, vorzugsweise 2 bis 5, insbesondere 2 oder 3,R 12 is a hydrogen atom H or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, preferably H, i is a number from 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 2 or 3,
R 3 Wasserstoff oder CH≥COOM2 (zu M2 s.u.), j eine Zahl von 1 bis 4, vorzugsweise 1 oder 2, insbesondere 1 , k eine Zahl von 0 bis 4, vorzugsweise 0 oder 1 ,R 3 is hydrogen or CH≥COOM 2 (for M 2 see below), j is a number from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2, in particular 1, k is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1,
I 0 oder 1 ist,I is 0 or 1,
Z CO, SO2l OPO(OR14) oder P(O)(OR14), wobei R14 ein d-4-Alkylrest oder M2 (s.u.) ist, und M2 ein Wasserstoff atom, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Al- kanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist.Z CO, SO 2l OPO (OR 14 ) or P (O) (OR 14 ), where R 14 is a d- 4 -alkyl radical or M 2 (see below), and M 2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or is a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Bevorzugte Vertreter genügen den Formeln (X) bis (XIII),Preferred representatives satisfy the formulas (X) to (XIII),
R11-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R13)-CH2CH2O-CH2-COOM (X)R 11 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 13 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 -COOM (X)
R11-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R13)-CH2CH2θ-CH2CH2-COOM2 (XI)R 11 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 13 ) -CH 2 CH 2 θ-CH 2 CH 2 -COOM 2 (XI)
R11-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R 3)-CH2CH2O-CH2CH(OH)CH2-SO3M2 (XII)R 11 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 3 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 -SO 3 M 2 (XII)
R11-CO-NH-(CH2)2-N(R13)-CH2CH2O-CH2CH(OH)CH2-OPO3HM2 (XIII)R 11 -CO-NH- (CH 2 ) 2 -N (R 13 ) -CH 2 CH 2 O-CH 2 CH (OH) CH 2 -OPO 3 HM 2 (XIII)
in denen R11, R13 und M2 die gleiche Bedeutung wie in Formel (IX) haben.in which R 11 , R 13 and M 2 have the same meaning as in formula (IX).
Beispielhafte Alkylamidoalkylamine sind die folgenden Verbindungen (INCI- Bezeichnungen): Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido Amphopropionate,Exemplary alkylamidoalkylamines are the following compounds (INCI names): Cocoamphodipropionic Acid, Cocobetainamido Amphopropionate,
DEA-Cocamphodipropionate, Disodium Caproamphodiacetate, Disodium Capro- amphodipropionate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipro- pionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, Disodium Co- camphodiacetate, Disodium Cocamphodipropionate, Disodium Isostearoamphodiace- tate, Disodium Isostearoamphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiace- täte, Disodium Lauroamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2-lsodeceth-7 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Stearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Tallowamphodiacetate, Disodium Wheatger- mamphodiacetate, Lauroamphodipropionic Acid, Quaternium-85, Sodium Capro- amphoacetate, Sodium Caproamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caproamphopro- pionate, Sodium Caprylamphoacetate, Sodium Caprylamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caprylamphopropionate, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Sodium Cocoampho- hydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Cocoamphopropionate, Sodium Cornamphopropiona- te, Sodium Isostearoamphoacetate, Sodium Isostearoamphopropionate, Sodium Lau- roamphoacetate, Sodium Lauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Laurompho PG-Acetate Phospate, Sodium Lauroamphopropionate, Sodium Myristoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleomphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Oleo- amphopropionate, Sodium Ricinoleoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Stearoamphopropionate, Sodium Tallamphopropionate, Sodium Tallowamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphoaceta- te, Sodium Undecylenoamphopropionate, Sodium Wheat Germamphoacetate und Tri- sodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Chloride Phosphate.DEA-Cocamphodipropionate, Disodium Caproamphodiacetate, Disodium Capro- amphodipropionate, Disodium Capryloamphodiacetate, Disodium Capryloamphodipro- pionate, Disodium Cocoamphocarboxyethylhydroxypropylsulfonate, camphodiacetate Disodium Co-, Disodium Cocamphodipropionate, tate Disodium Isostearoamphodiace-, Disodium Isostearoamphodipropionate, Disodium Laureth-5 Carboxyamphodiace- did, Disodium Lauroamphodiacetate, Disodium Lauroamphodipropionate, Disodium Oleoamphodipropionate, Disodium PPG-2 -lsodeceth-7 Carboxyamphodiacetate, Disodium Stearoamphodiacetate, Disodium Tallowamphodiacetate, Disodium Wheatger- mamphodiacetate, Lauroamphodipropionic Acid, Quaternium-85, Sodium caprolactam amphoacetates, Sodium Caproamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caproamphopro- pionate, Sodium Caprylamphoacetate, Sodium Caprylamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Caprylamphopropionate, Sodium Cocoamphoacetate, Sodium Cocoampho- hydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Cocoamphopropionate, Sodium Cornamphopropionate, Sodium Isostearoamphoacetate, Sodium Isostearoamphopropionate, Sodium Lauryl roamphoacetate, Sodium Lauroamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Laurompho PG-Acetate phosphates, Sodium Lauroamphopropionate, Sodium Myristoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleoamphoacetate, Sodium Oleomphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium oleo amphopropionates, Sodium Ricinoleoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphoacetate, Sodium Stearoamphohydroxypropylsulfonate, Sodium Stearoamphopropionate, Sodium Tallamphopropionate, Sodium Tallowamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphoacetate, Sodium Undecylenoamphopropionate, Sodium Wheat Germamphoacetate and Trisodium Lauroampho PG-Acetate Chloride Phosphate.
Alkylsubstituierte AminosäurenAlkyl substituted amino acids
Erfindungsgemäß bevorzugte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren sind monoalkyl- substituierte Aminosäuren gemäß Formel (XIV),Alkyl-substituted amino acids preferred according to the invention are monoalkyl-substituted amino acids according to formula (XIV),
R15-NH-CH(R16)-(CH2)u-COOM3 (XIV)R 15 -NH-CH (R 16 ) - (CH 2 ) u -COOM 3 (XIV)
in der R15 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C88- Alkylrest, insbesondere ein gesättigter Cι0-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C12. -Alkylrest,in R 15 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8 -C 8 alkyl radical, in particular a saturated C 0 -C 16 alkyl radical, for example a saturated C 12th alkyl,
R16 Wasserstoff oder ein Cι4-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise H, u eine Zahl von 0 bis 4, vorzugsweise 0 oder 1 , insbesondere 1 , und M3 Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist, alkylsubstituiertes Iminosäuren gemäß Formel (XV),R 16 is hydrogen or a C 4 -alkyl radical, preferably H, u is a number from 0 to 4, preferably 0 or 1, in particular 1, and M 3 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di - or triethanolamine, is alkyl-substituted imino acids according to formula (XV),
R1 /-N-[(CH2)v-COOM4]2 (XV) in der R17 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6.22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8-18- Alkylrest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C124-Alkylrest, v eine Zahl von 1 bis 5, vorzugsweise 2 oder 3, insbesondere 2, undR 1 / -N - [(CH 2 ) v -COOM 4 ] 2 (XV) in R 17 a saturated or unsaturated C 6 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably C 8-18 - alkyl group, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated C 124 alkyl radical, v is a number from 1 to 5, preferably 2 or 3, especially 2, and
M4 Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, wobei M4 in den beiden Carbo- xygruppen die gleiche oder zwei verschiedene Bedeutungen haben kann, z.B. Wasserstoff und Natrium oder zweimal Natrium sein kann, ist, und mono- oder dialkylsubstituierte natürliche Aminosäuren gemäß Formel (XVII),M 4 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine, where M 4 in the two carboxyl groups can have the same or two different meanings, for example hydrogen and sodium or twice sodium can, is, and mono- or dialkyl-substituted natural amino acids according to formula (XVII),
R18-N(R19)-CH(R20)-COOM5 (XVI)R 18 -N (R 19 ) -CH (R 20 ) -COOM 5 (XVI)
in der R18 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigter C6-22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.18- Alkyirest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16-Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigterwherein R is a saturated or unsaturated C 18 6-22 alkyl, preferably C. 8 18 - Alkyirest, preferably a saturated C 10-16 alkyl group, for example a saturated
2-ι -Alkylrest,2 -alkyl radical,
R19 Wasserstoff oder ein C^-Alkylrest, ggf. hydroxy- oder aminsubstituiert, z.B. einR 19 is hydrogen or a C 1-4 alkyl radical, optionally hydroxy or amine substituted, for example a
Methyl-, Ethyl-, Hydroxyethyl- oder Aminopropylrest,Methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl or aminopropyl radical,
R20 den Rest einer der 20 natürlichen -Aminosäuren H2NCH(R20)COOH, und M5 Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall, ein Erdalkalimetall oder ein protoniertes Alkanolamin, z.B. protoniertes Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolamin, ist.R 20 is the residue of one of the 20 natural amino acids H 2 NCH (R 20 ) COOH, and M 5 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or a protonated alkanolamine, for example protonated mono-, di- or triethanolamine.
Besonders bevorzugte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren sind die Aminopropionate gemäß Formel (XVII),Particularly preferred alkyl-substituted amino acids are the aminopropionates according to formula (XVII)
R15-NH-CH2CH2COOM3 (XVII)R 15 -NH-CH 2 CH 2 COOM 3 (XVII)
in der R15 und M3 die gleichen Bedeutungen wie in Formel (XIV) haben.in which R 15 and M 3 have the same meanings as in formula (XIV).
Beispielhafte alkylsubstituierte Aminosäuren sind die folgenden Verbindungen (INCI- Bezeichnungen): Aminopropyl Laurylglutamine, Cocaminobutyric Acid, DEA- Lauraminopropionate, Disodium Cocaminopropyl Iminodiacetate, Disodium Dicarboxy- ethyl Cocopropylendiamine, Disodium Lauriminodipropionate, Disodium Stearimino- dipropionate, Disodium Tallowiminodipropionate, Lauraminopropionic Acid, Lauryl A- minopropylglycine, Lauryl Diethylenediaminoglycine, Myristaminopropionic Acid, Sodi- um-C12.15-Alkoxypropyl Iminodipropionate, Sodium Cocaminopropionate, Sodium Lau- raminopropionate, Sodium Lauriminodipropionate, Sodium Lauroyl Methylaminopropi- onate, TEA-Lauraminopropionate und TEA-Myristaminopropionate. Acylierte AminosäurenExemplary alkyl-substituted amino acids are the following compounds (INCI names): aminopropyl laurylglutamine, cocaminobutyric acid, DEA lauraminopropionate, disodium cocaminopropyl iminodiacetate, disodium dicarboxyethyl cocopropylenediamine, disodium lauriminodipropionate, disodium stearimino-dodropionate laurodipropionate dipropionate, dopropionate dopropionate, dopropionate dopropionate dopropionate, minopropylglycine, Lauryl Diethylenediaminoglycine, Myristaminopropionic Acid, Sodium C 12 . 15 -alkoxypropyl iminodipropionate, sodium cocaminopropionate, sodium lauraminopropionate, sodium laurimino dipropionate, sodium lauroyl methylaminopropionate, TEA lauraminopropionate and TEA myristaminopropionate. Acylated amino acids
Acylierte Aminosäuren sind Aminosäuren, insbesondere die 20 natürlichen α-Amino- säuren, die am Aminostickstoffatom den Acylrest R21CO einer gesättigten oder unge- sättigten Fettsäure R21COOH tragen, wobei R21 ein gesättigter oder ungesättigterAcylated amino acids are amino acids, especially the 20 natural α-amino acids, which carry the acyl residue R 21 CO of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid R 21 COOH on the amino nitrogen atom, where R 21 is a saturated or unsaturated one
Cβ-22-Alkylrest, vorzugsweise C8.22-Alkylrest, insbesondere ein gesättigter C10-16- Alkylrest, beispielsweise ein gesättigter C124-Alkylrest ist. Die acylierten Aminosäuren können auch als Alkalimetallsalz, Erdalkalimetallsalz oder Alkanolammoniumsalz, z.B. Mono-, Di- oder Triethanolammoniumsalz, eingesetzt werden. Beispielhafte acylierte Aminosäuren sind die Acylderivate, z.B. Sodium Cocoyl Glutamate, Lauroyl Glutamic Acid, Caproyloyl Glycine oder Myristoyl Methylanine.Cβ- 22 alkyl radical, preferably C 8 . 22 -alkyl radical, preferably a saturated C10 - 16 - alkyl radical, for example a saturated C 124 is alkyl. The acylated amino acids can also be used as the alkali metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or alkanolammonium salt, for example mono-, di- or triethanolammonium salt. Exemplary acylated amino acids are the acyl derivatives, for example sodium cocoyl glutamate, lauroyl glutamic acid, caproyloyl glycine or myristoyl methylanine.
Als besonders bevorzugte amphotere Tenside werden in der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid eingesetzt.Myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide are used as particularly preferred amphoteric surfactants in the surfactant mixture according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Tensidmischung besteht bevorzugt aus jeweils einem anionischen und einem oder zwei amphoteren Tensiden.The surfactant mixture according to the invention preferably consists of one anionic and one or two amphoteric surfactants.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die erfindungsgemäße Ten- sidmischung zu 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 50 Gew.-% aus einem anionischen Tensid und zu 40 bis 60 Gew.- %, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 50 Gew.-% aus einem amphoteren Tensid oder einer Mischung zweier amphoterer Tenside.In a further preferred embodiment, the surfactant mixture according to the invention consists of 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of an anionic surfactant and 40 to 60% by weight. %, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight, of an amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of two amphoteric surfactants.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht die erfindungsgemäße Tensidmischung aus dem Na-Salz von Di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinat und Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid.In a further preferred embodiment, the surfactant mixture according to the invention consists of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide.
Die Mizellbildungskonzentration (cmc) der erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischungen ist in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung < 1 ,0 g/l bei 25 °C, besonders bevorzugt ist die Mizellbildungskonzentration (cmc) < 0,5 g/l, ganz besonders bevorzugt < 0,1 g/l.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micelle formation concentration (cmc) of the surfactant mixtures according to the invention is <1.0 g / l at 25 ° C., the micelle formation concentration (cmc) is particularly preferably <0.5 g / l, very particularly preferably <0, 1 g / l.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Oberflächenspannung einer wässrigen Lösung der Tensidmischung der Konzentration 1 g/l, gemessen nach der Methode des maximalen Blasendrucks bei 25 °C, nach 0,1 s < 45 mN/m, besonders bevorzugt ist die Oberflächenspannung < 40 mN/m, ganz besonders bevorzugt < 36 mN/m. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch eine Lösung, bestehend aus 0,01 bis 40 Gew.- %, bevorzugt 0,05 bis 10 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% einer erfindungsgemäßen Tensidmischung bestehend aus 10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines anionischen Tensids undIn a further preferred embodiment, the surface tension of an aqueous solution of the surfactant mixture having a concentration of 1 g / l, measured by the method of the maximum bubble pressure at 25 ° C., is <45 mN / m after 0.1 s, and the surface tension is particularly preferably <40 mN / m, very particularly preferably <36 mN / m. The present invention also relates to a solution consisting of 0.01 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, of a surfactant mixture according to the invention consisting of 10 to 90 % By weight of at least one anionic surfactant and
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids,10 to 90% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant,
wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt, und 60 bis 99,99 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 90 bis 99,95 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 95 bis 99,95 Gew.-% Wasser und 0 bis 25 Gew. %, bevorzugt 0 bis 20 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 18 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 0 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Additivs, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Salzen, Komplexbildnern, pH-Regulatoren, Lösemitteln wie Isopropanol, Ethanol oder Butyldiglykolether, Farbstoffen, Duftstoffen und Gemischen davon, wobei die Summe aus Tensidmischung, Wasser und gegebenenfalls einem Additiv jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt. Bevorzugt besteht die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ausschließlich aus der Tensidmischung und Wasser.the sum being 100% by weight, and 60 to 99.99% by weight, preferably 90 to 99.95% by weight, particularly preferably 95 to 99.95% by weight of water and 0 to 25% by weight. %, preferably 0 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 18% by weight, very particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of salts, complexing agents, pH regulators, solvents such as isopropanol, ethanol or butyl diglycol ether, dyes, fragrances and mixtures thereof, the sum of the surfactant mixture, water and optionally an additive giving in each case 100% by weight. The solution according to the invention preferably consists exclusively of the surfactant mixture and water.
Eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus einem mit 3 bis 7, bevorzugt 5, Äquivalenten E- thylenoxid ethoxylierten Isotridekanol und Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid weist die erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaften Eigenschaften bezüglich hoher Benetzungsgeschwindigkeit und Verbesserung der Adsorption an Grenzflächen auf.A surfactant mixture consisting of an isotridekanol and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide has the advantageous properties according to the invention with regard to high wetting speed and improvement of adsorption at interfaces.
Daher betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung auch eine Tensidmischung, bestehend aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 35 bis 45 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 40 Gew.-% Isotridekanol, welches mit 3 bis 7, bevorzugt 5, Äquivalenten Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist, und 50 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 55 bis 65 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 60 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt.The present invention therefore also relates to a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight, of isotridecanol which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide , and 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum totaling 100% by weight in each case.
Das erfindungsgemäß eingesetzte Isotridekanol, welches mit 3 bis 7, bevorzugt 5, Ä- quivalenten Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist, kann nach dem Fachmann bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden.The isotridekanol used according to the invention, which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide can be prepared by processes known to the person skilled in the art.
Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung auch die Verwendung von Tensidmi- schungen bestehend ausFurthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of surfactant mixtures consisting of
10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 50 Gew.-% mindestens eines anionischen Tensids und 10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 50 % Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids,10 to 90% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant and 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 40 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight, very particularly preferably 50% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant,
oderor
10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 30 bis 50 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 35 bis 45 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 40 Gew.-%, mindestens eines nichtionischen Tensids und10 to 90% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 35 to 45% by weight, very particularly preferably 40% by weight, of at least one nonionic surfactant and
10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 50 bis 70 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 55 bis 65 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 60 Gew.-%, mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids,10 to 90% by weight, preferably 50 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 55 to 65% by weight, very particularly preferably 60% by weight, of at least one amphoteric surfactant,
wobei die Summe jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt, zur Absenkung der Mizellbildungskonzentration, Erhöhung der Benetzungsgeschwindigkeit und Verbesserung der Adsorption an Grenzflächen in Waschmitteln, Reinigungsmitteln, Spülmitteln, Beschichtungen, Feuchthaltemitteln, Emulsionen, Suspensionen, Egalisierhilfsmitteln oder Formulierungen zur Leder- und/oder Textilbehandlung.the sum being 100% by weight in each case, for lowering the micelle formation concentration, increasing the wetting speed and improving the adsorption at interfaces in detergents, cleaning agents, dishwashing detergents, coatings, humectants, emulsions, suspensions, leveling aids or formulations for leather and / or textile treatment ,
Beispielhaft für die erfindungsgemäßen Anwendungen sind genannt: Allzweckreiniger, Textilwaschmittel, Sprühreiniger, Handgeschirrspülmittel, zur Reinigung im privaten, industriellen und institutionellen Bereich inklusive der Metallbearbeitung, zur Papierherstellung, Feuchthaltemittel, Druckplatten- und Druckwalzenreiniger in der Druckin- dustrie, Lacke, Beschichtungen, Klebstoffe in Lack- und Folienindustrie, Herstellung und Stabilisierung von Emulsionen und bei der Emulsionspolymerisation, Formulierungen in der Textilindustrie, wie Egalisiermittel oder Formulierungen zur Garnreinigung oder Formulierungen zur Herstellung von Leder.Examples of the applications according to the invention are: general-purpose cleaners, textile detergents, spray cleaners, hand dishwashing detergents, for cleaning in the private, industrial and institutional sector, including metalworking, for paper production, humectants, printing plate and printing roller cleaners in the printing industry, paints, coatings, adhesives in Varnish and film industry, production and stabilization of emulsions and in emulsion polymerization, formulations in the textile industry, such as leveling agents or formulations for yarn cleaning or formulations for the production of leather.
Als nichtionische Tenside können gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung alle oberflächenaktiven Stoffe oder Verbindungen eingesetzt werden, die im wässrigen Medium keine Ionen bilden.According to the present invention, nonionic surfactants which can be used are all surface-active substances or compounds which do not form any ions in the aqueous medium.
Beispielhaft seien die folgenden Verbindungen genannt:The following compounds may be mentioned by way of example:
- Verbindungen, die durch Alkoxylierung von Verbindungen mit wenigstens einem aktiven Wasserstoffatom entstehen, - Alkoxylate von Alkylphenolen, - Blockpolymere von C2-C6-Alkylenoxiden und - Alkylglykoside. Bevorzugt werden als nichtionische Tenside wasserlösliche Additionsprodukte, erhalten durch Addition von 3 bis 30 mol eines Alkylenoxids, vorzugsweise Ethylen- oder Propylenoxid, an ein Mol einer organischen, hydrophoben Verbindung aliphatischer oder alkylaromatischer Natur mit 8 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen und wenigstens einem reaktiven Wasserstoff atom, insbesondere einer reaktiven Hydroxyl-, Amino-, Amido- oder Carboxylgruppe.- Compounds formed by alkoxylation of compounds with at least one active hydrogen atom, - Alkoxylates of alkylphenols, - Block polymers of C 2 -C 6 alkylene oxides and - Alkyl glycosides. Preferred nonionic surfactants are water-soluble addition products obtained by adding 3 to 30 moles of an alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene or propylene oxide, to one mole of an organic, hydrophobic compound of aliphatic or alkylaromatic nature with 8 to 24 carbon atoms and at least one reactive hydrogen atom, in particular a reactive hydroxyl, amino, amido or carboxyl group.
Beispiele für nichtionische wasserlösliche Additionsprodukte, erhalten durch Addition von mehreren Mol eines Alkylenoxids an ein Mol einer organischen hydrophoben Ver- bindung, sind folgende:Examples of nonionic water-soluble addition products obtained by adding several moles of an alkylene oxide to one mole of an organic hydrophobic compound are as follows:
- die Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an aliphatische, lineare oder verzweigte, primäre oder sekundäre Alkohole mit mehr als 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, die sich beispielsweise von Talg- oder Kokosnussfettsäuren ableiten, mit 3 bis 20 Ethy- lenoxidgruppen;- The addition products of ethylene oxide with aliphatic, linear or branched, primary or secondary alcohols with more than 8 carbon atoms, which are derived, for example, from tallow or coconut fatty acids, with 3 to 20 ethylene oxide groups;
- die Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Alkylphenole, in denen die Phenole mono- oder polyalkyliert sein können, und die Gesamtzahl der Kohlenstoffatome in der oder den Seitenkette(n) 5 bis 18 beträgt. Spezielle Beispiele sind Ad- ditionsprodukte von einem Mol Nonylphenol mit 8 bis 15 mol Ethylenoxid;- The addition products of ethylene oxide with alkylphenols, in which the phenols can be mono- or polyalkylated, and the total number of carbon atoms in the side chain (s) is 5 to 18. Specific examples are addition products of one mole of nonylphenol with 8 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide;
- die Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Fettsäureester, vorzugsweise Mono- fettsäureestem der Zuckeralkohole Sorbit und Mannit; - Polyglykoloxycarbonsäureester, erhalten durch Umsetzen von Ethylenoxid mit Carbonsäuren, wobei letztere natürliche Fettsäuren oder synthetische Fettsäuren aus oxidiertem Paraffinwachs mit 8 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen oder alkyl- benzoe- oder naphthenische Säuren mit 5 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen in der Alkylkette sind;- The addition products of ethylene oxide with fatty acid esters, preferably mono fatty acid esters of the sugar alcohols sorbitol and mannitol; Polyglycoloxycarboxylic acid esters obtained by reacting ethylene oxide with carboxylic acids, the latter being natural fatty acids or synthetic fatty acids from oxidized paraffin wax having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or alkylbenzoic or naphthenic acids having 5 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain;
- die Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Fettacylalkanolamide des Typs C7-17- Alkyl-CO-NHC2H4OH, C7-17-Alkyl-CO-N-(C2H4OH)2;- the addition products of ethylene oxide with Fettacylalkanolamide of type C 7 - 1 7-alkyl-CO-NHC 2 H 4 OH, C 7 - 17 alkyl-CO-N (C 2 H 4 OH) 2;
- die Additionsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an C88-Alkyl-, C88-Alkenyl- und C8-18- Alkylarylamine.- the addition products of ethylene oxide with C 88 alkyl, C 88 alkenyl and C 8 - 18 - alkylaryl amines.
Ein bevorzugtes nichtionisches Tensid ist Isotridekanol, welches mit 3 bis 7, bevorzugt 5, Äquivalenten Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist.A preferred nonionic surfactant is isotridekanol, which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5, equivalents of ethylene oxide.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch ein Reinigungsmittel, enthaltend eine Tensidmischung, bestehend aus 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzug 50 Gew.-% des Na-Salzes von Di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinat und 40 bis 60 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 50 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt.The present invention also relates to a cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, in particular preferably 50% by weight of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and 40 to 60% by weight, preferably 45 to 55% by weight, particularly preferably 50% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the The sum is 100% by weight.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft auch ein Reinigungsmittel, enthaltend eine Tensidmischung, bestehend aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 35, bis 45 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 40 Gew.-% Isotridekanol; welches mit 3 bis 7, bevorzugt 5 Äquivalenten, Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist, und 50 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 55 bis 65 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 60 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt.The present invention also relates to a cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 40% by weight, of isotridecanol; which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7, preferably 5 equivalents of ethylene oxide, and 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, particularly preferably 60% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum in each case 100 wt .-% results.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Reinigungsmittel können darüber hinaus alle dem Fachmann bekannten und geeigneten Inhaltsstoffe enthalten, beispielsweise Builder (Sequestri- rungsmittel) und Co-Builder, pH-Regulatoren, wie anorganische oder organische Säu- ren, anorganische oder organische Basen und Puffersysteme, Dispergiermittel, Schmutztragemittel, Verdickungsmittel, Enzyme, Bleichsystem, hydrotrope Verbindungen als Lösungsvermittler bzw. Solubilisatoren, z.B. Harnstoff oder Alkohole, Schaumregulatoren zur Stabilisierung oder Dämpfung des Schaums, Haut- und Korrosionsschutzmittel, desinfizierende Verbindungen oder Systeme, z.B. solche, die Jod enthal- ten oder die Chlor oder unterchlorige Säure freisetzen, z.B. Dichlorisocyanurat, Parfüm, Farbstoffe und Biozide, wie sie in der WO 2001/96508 offenbart werden.The cleaning agents according to the invention can furthermore contain all of the suitable ingredients known to the person skilled in the art, for example builders (sequestering agents) and co-builders, pH regulators, such as inorganic or organic acids, inorganic or organic bases and buffer systems, dispersants, dirt-carrying agents, Thickeners, enzymes, bleaching systems, hydrotropic compounds as solubilizers or solubilizers, for example Urea or alcohols, foam regulators to stabilize or dampen the foam, skin and corrosion protection agents, disinfectant compounds or systems, e.g. those which contain iodine or which release chlorine or hypochlorous acid, e.g. Dichloroisocyanurate, perfume, dyes and biocides as disclosed in WO 2001/96508.
BeispieleExamples
Beispiel 1example 1
Kombination anionisches Tensid/amphoteres Tensid Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, dass durch Kombination von Di-2- ethylhexylsulfosuccinat, Na-Salz mit Myristyldimethylaminoxid der gewünschte Effekt eintritt. Wir beobachten eine Absenkung der Mizellbildungskonzentration und eine schnellere Belegung von Grenzflächen im Vergleich zu den Einzeltensiden. Außerdem beobachten wir eine Erniedrigung der Grenzflächenspannung der wässrigen Lösung der Tensidmischung gegenüber hydrophoben Flüssigkeiten, die auf die dichtere Packung der Tenside zurückzuführen ist, eine physikalische Eigenschaft, die sich vorteilhaft in Wasch- und Reinigungsanwendungen auswirkt. Dies wird anhand der nachfolgenden Messungen verdeutlicht: Mizellbildungskonzentration (T = 25 °C): Di-2-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinat, Na-Salz: 1 g/lCombination of anionic surfactant / amphoteric surfactant Surprisingly, it was found that the desired effect occurs by combining di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate, Na salt with myristyldimethylamine oxide. We observe a decrease in the micelle formation concentration and a faster occupancy of interfaces compared to the individual surfactants. We also observe a reduction in the interfacial tension of the aqueous solution of the surfactant mixture compared to hydrophobic liquids, which is due to the denser packing of the surfactants, a physical property that has an advantageous effect in washing and cleaning applications. This is illustrated by the following measurements: Micellization concentration (T = 25 ° C): Di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, Na salt: 1 g / l
Myristyldimethylaminoxid 0,1 g/lMyristyldimethylamine oxide 0.1 g / l
Di-2-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinat, Na-Salz/ Myristyldimethylaminoxid (1 : 1) 0,05 g/lDi-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, sodium salt / myristyldimethylamine oxide (1: 1) 0.05 g / l
Die Dynamik von Tensiden zur Erniedrigung der Oberflächenspannung an der Wasser/Luft - Grenzfläche wurde zeitabhängig nach der Blasendruck-Methode bestimmt („dynamische Oberflächenspannung").The dynamics of surfactants for lowering the surface tension at the water / air interface were determined time-dependent using the bubble pressure method ("dynamic surface tension").
Oberflächenspannung nach 0.1 s (Tensidkonzentration 1 g/l); T = 25 °C Di-2-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinat, Na-Salz: 39 mN/mSurface tension after 0.1 s (surfactant concentration 1 g / l); T = 25 ° C di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, Na salt: 39 mN / m
Myristyldimethylaminoxid 40 mN/mMyristyldimethylamine oxide 40 mN / m
Di-2-ethylhexyl-sulfosuccinat, Na-Salz/ Myristyldimethylaminoxid (1 : 1) 33 mN/mDi-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, Na salt / myristyldimethylamine oxide (1: 1) 33 mN / m
Die Benetzung harter Oberflächen wurde zeitabhängig mit einem Randwinkelmessge- rät nach der Methode des liegenden Tropfens bestimmt.The wetting of hard surfaces was determined as a function of time using a contact angle measuring device using the lying drop method.
Randwinkel [Grad] zeitabhängig; Tensidkonzentration: 0,2 g/l; T = 40 °CContact angle [degrees] time-dependent; Surfactant concentration: 0.2 g / l; T = 40 ° C
Die Grenzflächenspannung gegenüber Olivenöl und Hexadekan als hydrophobe Flüs- sigkeiten wurde nach der "spinning drop" - Methode bestimmt. Grenzflächenspannung [mN/m]; Tensidkonzentration 1 g/l; T = 25 °CThe interfacial tension towards olive oil and hexadecane as hydrophobic liquids was determined using the "spinning drop" method. Interfacial tension [mN / m]; Surfactant concentration 1 g / l; T = 25 ° C
Beispiel 2Example 2
Kombination nichtionisches Tensid/amphoteres TensidCombination of non-ionic surfactant / amphoteric surfactant
Bei Kombination von Myristyldimethylaminoxid mit einem technisch hergestellten ethoxylierten Isotridekanol (Cι3-Alkohol + 5 Ethylenoxid) werden ähnliche synergistische Effekte beobachtet. Während die Mizellbildungskonzentration auf dem Niveau des nichtionischen Tensids verbleibt und damit weiterhin die Voraussetzung für die mit der Existenz von Mizellen verknüpften Eigenschaften wie Fettlösung, Emulgierung und Solubilisierung gegeben sind, erhöht sich die Dynamik und die Effektivität der Benetzung deutlich. Die Befunde werden anhand der folgenden Tabellen verdeutlicht:When combining myristyldimethylamine oxide with a technically produced ethoxylated isotridekanol (C 3 alcohol + 5 ethylene oxide), similar synergistic effects are observed. While the micelle formation concentration remains at the level of the non-ionic surfactant and thus the prerequisite for the properties associated with the existence of micelles, such as fat solution, emulsification and solubilization, the dynamics and the effectiveness of the wetting increase significantly. The results are illustrated using the following tables:
Mizellbildungskonzentration (T = 25 °C):Micellization concentration (T = 25 ° C):
C13-Alkohol + 5 EO: 0,02 g/lC 13 alcohol + 5 EO: 0.02 g / l
Myristyldimethylaminoxid 0,1 g/lMyristyldimethylamine oxide 0.1 g / l
C13-AlkohoI + 5 EO/C 13 alcohol + 5 EO /
Myristyldimethylaminoxid (4 : 6) 0,03 g/lMyristyldimethylamine oxide (4: 6) 0.03 g / l
Die Dynamik von Tensiden zur Erniedrigung der Oberflächenspannung an der Wasser/Luft - Grenzfläche wurde zeitabhängig nach der Blasendruck-Methode bestimmt („dynamische Oberflächenspannung").The dynamics of surfactants for lowering the surface tension at the water / air interface were determined time-dependent using the bubble pressure method ("dynamic surface tension").
Oberflächenspannung nach 0.1 s (Tensidkonzentration 1 g/l): T = 25 °CSurface tension after 0.1 s (surfactant concentration 1 g / l): T = 25 ° C
C13-Alkohol + 5 EO: 52 mN/mC 13 alcohol + 5 EO: 52 mN / m
Myristyldimethylaminoxid 40 mN/mMyristyldimethylamine oxide 40 mN / m
C13-Alkohol + 5 EO/C 13 alcohol + 5 EO /
Myristyldimethylaminoxid (4 : 6) 33 mN/mMyristyldimethylamine oxide (4: 6) 33 mN / m
Die Benetzung harter Oberflächen wurde zeitabhängig mit einem Randwinkelmessge- rät nach der Methode des liegenden Tropfens bestimmt. Randwinkel [Grad] zeitabhängig; Tensidkonzentration: 0,2 g/l; T = 40 °CThe wetting of hard surfaces was determined as a function of time using a contact angle measuring device using the lying drop method. Contact angle [degrees] time-dependent; Surfactant concentration: 0.2 g / l; T = 40 ° C
Die Grenzflächenspannung gegenüber Olivenöl und Hexadekan als hydrophobe Flüs- sigkeiten wurde nach der "spinning drop" - Methode bestimmt.The interfacial tension towards olive oil and hexadecane as hydrophobic liquids was determined using the "spinning drop" method.
Grenzflächenspannung [mN/m]; Tensidkonzentration 1 g/l; T = 25 °CInterfacial tension [mN / m]; Surfactant concentration 1 g / l; T = 25 ° C

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Tensidmischung, bestehend aus1. surfactant mixture consisting of
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines anionischen Tensids und 10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids, wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt.10 to 90% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant and 10 to 90% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant, the sum giving 100% by weight.
2. Tensidmischung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mischung aus einem anionischen und einem oder zwei amphoteren Tensiden besteht.2. Surfactant mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture consists of an anionic and one or two amphoteric surfactants.
3. Tensidmischung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus 40 bis 60 Gew.-% eines anionischen Tensids und 40 bis 60 Gew.-% eines amphoteren Tensids oder einer Mischung zweier amphoterer Tenside besteht.3. surfactant mixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of 40 to 60 wt .-% of an anionic surfactant and 40 to 60 wt .-% of an amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of two amphoteric surfactants.
4. Tensidmischung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie aus dem Na-Salz von Di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinat und Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid besteht.4. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it consists of the Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide.
5. Tensidmischung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mizellbildungskonzentration (cmc) der Mischung < 1 g/l bei 25 °C ist.5. surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the micelle formation concentration (cmc) of the mixture is <1 g / l at 25 ° C.
Tensidmischung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Oberflächenspannung einer wässrigen Lösung der Tensidmischung der Konzentration 1 g/l gemessen nach der Methode des maximalen Blasendrucks bei 25 °C nach 0,1 s < 45 mN/m ist.Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surface tension of an aqueous solution of the surfactant mixture of concentration 1 g / l measured according to the method of maximum bubble pressure at 25 ° C after 0.1 s <45 mN / m.
7. Lösung, bestehend aus7. Solution consisting of
0,01 - 40 Gew.-% einer Tensidmischung gemäß Anspruch 1 , 60 - 99,99 Gew.-% Wasser und0.01-40% by weight of a surfactant mixture according to claim 1, 60-99.99% by weight of water and
0 - 25 Gew.-% eines Additivs, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe, bestehend aus Salzen, Komplexbildnern, pH-Regulatoren, Lösemitteln, Farbstoffen, Duftstoffen und Gemischen davon, wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt. 0 - 25% by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of salts, complexing agents, pH regulators, solvents, dyes, fragrances and mixtures thereof, the sum giving 100% by weight.
8. Tensidmischung bestehend aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-% Isotridekanol, welches mit 3 bis 7 Äquivalenten Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist, und 50 bis 70 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt.8. surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight of isotridekanol, which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7 equivalents of ethylene oxide, and 50 to 70% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum giving 100% by weight.
9. Verwendung von Tensidmischungen bestehend aus9. Use of surfactant mixtures consisting of
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines anionischen Tensids und 10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids, oder10 to 90% by weight of at least one anionic surfactant and 10 to 90% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant, or
10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines nichtionischen Tensids und 10 bis 90 Gew.-% mindestens eines amphoteren Tensids, wobei die Summe jeweils 100 Gew.-% ergibt, zur Absenkung der Mizellbildungskonzentration, Erhöhung der Benetzungsgeschwindigkeit und Verbesse- rung der Adsorption an Grenzflächen in Waschmitteln, Reinigungsmitteln, Spülmitteln, Beschichtungen, Feuchhaltemitteln, Emulsionen, Suspensionen, Egalisierhilfsmitteln oder Formulierungen zur Leder- und/oder Textilbehandlung.10 to 90% by weight of at least one nonionic surfactant and 10 to 90% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant, the sum being 100% by weight in each case, for lowering the micelle formation concentration, increasing the wetting rate and improving the adsorption Interfaces in detergents, cleaning agents, detergents, coatings, humectants, emulsions, suspensions, leveling aids or formulations for leather and / or textile treatment.
10. Reinigungsmittel, enthaltend eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus 40 bis 60 Gew.-% Na-Salz von Di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinat und 40 bis 60 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt.10. Cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 40 to 60% by weight Na salt of di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and 40 to 60% by weight myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the sum giving 100% by weight.
11. Reinigungsmittel, enthaltend eine Tensidmischung bestehend aus 30 bis 50 Gew.-% Isotridekanol, welches mit 3 bis 7 Äquivalenten Ethylenoxid ethoxyliert ist, und 50 bis 70 Gew.-% Myristyl- und/oder Lauryldimethylaminoxid, wobei die Summe 100 Gew.-% ergibt. 11. Cleaning agent containing a surfactant mixture consisting of 30 to 50% by weight of isotridekanol, which is ethoxylated with 3 to 7 equivalents of ethylene oxide, and 50 to 70% by weight of myristyl and / or lauryldimethylamine oxide, the total being 100% by weight. % results.
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WO2005105964A2 (en) 2005-11-10
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US20070203050A1 (en) 2007-08-30
DE102004021208A1 (en) 2005-11-24

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