EP1720975A2 - Procede de production d'un concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables a usage alimentaire - Google Patents
Procede de production d'un concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables a usage alimentaireInfo
- Publication number
- EP1720975A2 EP1720975A2 EP05732668A EP05732668A EP1720975A2 EP 1720975 A2 EP1720975 A2 EP 1720975A2 EP 05732668 A EP05732668 A EP 05732668A EP 05732668 A EP05732668 A EP 05732668A EP 1720975 A2 EP1720975 A2 EP 1720975A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bacteria
- culture medium
- liquid concentrate
- food
- viable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/02—Separating microorganisms from their culture media
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a liquid concentrate of bacteria suitable and viable for food use.
- the bacteria produced are lactic acid bacteria.
- centrifugation is a traumatic process for bacteria, which can lead to high cell mortality, in particular due to high shear, and moreover, this process is not well suited for centrifugation of small volumes such as those required in production. bacteria intended to be added as probiotics to food products. Regarding a conventional filtration step, this also poses problems of mortality of bacteria and clogging of filters by bacteria. It would therefore be desirable to produce a desired volume of liquid concentrate of bacteria which exhibit maximum activity and viability after the concentration step and after introduction into the final product.
- the inventors have shown that a step of adaptation of the bacteria would significantly increase the activity and the viability of the bacteria after the introduction into the final product.
- a tangential filtration step under certain specific conditions (pressure, concentration, membrane porosity, etc.), makes it possible to concentrate the desired volumes of culture of bacteria, while preserving their viability and without clogging. filters. Tangential filtration makes it possible to produce two currents depending on the nature and structure of the membrane: the permeate (the culture medium substantially free of bacteria) and the retentate (containing the bacteria, also called concentrate).
- the fluid circulates not perpendicularly but parallel to the surface of the membrane and thus ensures by its flow speed a self-cleaning which prevents the accumulation of deposits which block the filtration surface (commonly called clogging of the filters ).
- An object of the present invention is therefore a process for producing a liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria, for food use, comprising the following successive steps: a) The bacteria are propagated in a fermenter in an appropriate culture medium; b) The bacteria obtained in step a) are adapted; c) The culture medium containing the adapted bacteria is washed by tangential microfiltration with the aid of a washing solution; d) The washed medium containing the bacteria adapted by tangential microfiltration is concentrated in bacteria up to a bacterial concentration greater than 5.10 10 cfu / ml advantageously greater than 1.10 ⁇ cfu / ml; e) A liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria is recovered for food use.
- bacteria is intended to denote preferentially according to the present invention lactic acid bacteria, of the genus Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Streptococcus spp, Lactococcus spp. and in particular Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium breve, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis.
- the culture medium of step a) is a synthetic medium.
- synthetic medium is intended to denote, according to the present invention, a medium into which components are subjected to rigorous quantitative and qualitative control.
- the washing solution is suitable for the food use of the bacteria concentrate and has an osmotic pressure compatible with the viability of the bacteria.
- the culture medium, containing the bacteria in the fermenter at the end of step a) has a pH of between 3 and 6.
- the concentration of bacteria, at the end of step a) of propagation is greater than 2.10 10 cfu / ml.
- the inventors have shown that the adaptation of the bacteria carried out in step b) pe ⁇ net to reduce the mortality of the bacteria caused by the change in the medium of the bacteria, between their culture medium and the final food product to be added.
- the adaptation of the bacteria is demonstrated by the measurement of parameters of the culture medium.
- the parameters of the culture medium are preferably pH, osmotic pressure and / or temperature. Other parameters for demonstrating the adaptation of the bacteria are possible, such as for example the sugar concentration of the bacterial medium.
- step b) is carried out by decreasing the pH by natural acidification.
- the pH is no longer regulated and adaptation to the environment becomes very easy.
- the sugar concentration of the fermentation medium of Lactobacillus casei is 9 g / L
- the pH is no longer regulated and is approximately equal to 5. It then becomes easier for the adapted strain to be added to a new medium and this allows greater viability of the bacteria in the final medium.
- the parameter of bacteria is the size of the bacteria.
- the distribution of the lengths of each bacteria of said concentrate is mainly between 0.1 and 10 micrometers, advantageously between 0.5 and 5 micrometers.
- the size of the bacteria is measured by suitable means.
- a suitable means may for example be a regular sample of bacteria followed by a measurement of the size of the bacteria by flow cytometry.
- tangential filtration can be used for step b) of adaptation of the bacteria.
- the tangential filtration membrane or membranes have a porosity between 0.01 and 0.5 ⁇ m and preferably between 0.1 and 0.3 ⁇ m. These membranes are used for steps c) and d) of the process and optionally step b).
- the filtration membranes are characterized by: - the porosity and the thickness of the filtering layer on which the permeate flow depends. - the diameter of the pores and their distribution on which the separation efficiency depends. - the material used on which depends the mechanical, chemical, thermal resistance and the ease of cleaning.
- the term “filtration membrane” is intended to denote organic or mineral membranes.
- the organic membranes can be composed, inter alia, of cellulose acetate, aromatic polyamides, polysulfone, cellulose esters, cellulose, cellulose nitrate, PVC, or Polypropylene.
- the mineral membranes can be composed, inter alia, of sintered ceramic, sintered metal, carbon, or glass.
- the culture medium containing the bacteria is maintained at a temperature between 25 and 45 ° C, and preferably between 35 and 39 ° C.
- the temperature is reduced from 1 to 44 ° C in step b ) so as to adapt the strain to the temperature of the final product where they will be added.
- the inlet pressure of the culture medium in the filtration module is between 0 and 3.10 5 Pa.
- the flow rate of permeate is between 0.001 and 0.1 lm 3 / h / m 2 of exchange surface.
- the transmembrane pressure is between 0.1.10 5 and 2.10 5 Pa, preferably between 0.1.10 5 and 0.5.10 5 Pa and advantageously between 0.1.10 5 and 0.5.10 5 Pa.
- the membrane presents itself as a pure mechanical barrier allowing the passage of compounds of size smaller than the diameter of the pores.
- the separation between the two liquid phases is obtained by applying a pressure difference between the side where the culture medium containing the bacteria circulates and that through which the permeate circulates (the culture medium substantially free of bacteria). This pressure difference is commonly called transmembrane pressure.
- the recirculation of the culture medium comprising the bacteria allows the concentration of the bacteria and the filtration of the culture medium through the membrane, limiting clogging.
- the recirculation rate of the washed medium is between 0.5 and 3 m 3 / h / m 2 of exchange surface and advantageously between 0.8 and 1.25 m 3 / h / m 2 of exchange surface.
- the process for producing a liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria comprises, before step a), the successive steps of revivification and preculture of the bacteria. In order to minimize the lag phase in the fermenter, the microorganism is used during the exponential growth phase.
- the inventors proceed in two stages: Realization of a revivification in a tube of bacteria previously frozen at -80 ° C. Preculture in Erlenmeyer which is used to multiply the number of microorganisms. Their growth should be stopped in the maximum exponential growth phase.
- the method for producing a liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria comprises an additional step f) after step e), of packaging in flexible, hermetic and sterile bags of the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria.
- hermetic flexible bags is meant according to the present invention and preferably food plastic bags.
- the method may include an additional step g) after the optional step f) of storage at low temperatures between -50 ° C to + 4 ° C of the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria packaged in flexible bags and airtight).
- the method may include an additional step h), after step g) of reheating by a suitable means of said liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria packaged in flexible and hermetic bags.
- suitable means is meant to designate for example according to the present invention the use of a water bath at a non-lethal temperature for bacteria, for example 37 ° C.
- An object of the present invention is also a device for implementing the process for producing a liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria for food use according to the present invention characterized in that it comprises a tank (1) containing a washing solution, an inlet conduit (2) of said washing solution in a fermenter (3), said fermenter (3) serving for the propagation of bacteria in a culture medium, an outlet conduit (4) for conveying the culture medium containing the bacteria to one or more tangential microfiltration modules (5), said modules (5) allowing the separation of said culture medium into a permeate (6) not containing bacteria and into a concentrate (7) containing bacteria .
- Figure 1 is shown the device according to the present invention. According to the present invention, the concentrate (7) is recycled at the outlet of the modules
- the module or modules (5) of filtration comprise from 1 to 10 filtration membranes, each membrane representative of 0.1m 2 to 150 m 2 of filtering surface and a porosity of between 0.01 and 0.5 microns, and preferably between 0.1 and 0.4 ⁇ m.
- An object of the present invention is also a liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria capable of being obtained by the method according to the present invention.
- An object of the present invention is also the use of the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria according to the present invention as a food additive.
- food additive is meant according to the present invention any chemical substance added to food during preparation or for storage for obtaining a desired technical effect.
- the liquid concentrate of bacteria has a stable count, the bacteria being viable and not carrying out fermentation in the final additive product.
- An object of the present invention is also an additive food product, characterized in that the food additive used is the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria according to the present invention.
- the food product is a dairy product and / or a drink.
- dairy product is meant according to the present invention, in addition to milk, products derived from milk, such as cream, ice cream, butter, cheese, yogurt; secondary products, such as whey, casein and various prepared foods containing milk or milk components as the main ingredient.
- drink is meant according to the present invention drinks such as for example fruit juices, mixtures of milk and fruit juice, vegetable juices such as for example soy juice, oat juice or juice rice, alcoholic drinks like for example kefir, sodas, and spring or mineral waters with or without added sugar or flavorings for example.
- An object of the present invention is also a method of manufacturing an additive food product according to the present invention, characterized in that the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria is added to the food product at the end of the production line and preferably before the packaging of the food product.
- the process for manufacturing an additive-based food product is characterized in that the liquid concentrate of suitable and viable bacteria is added to the food product online by pumping.
- the starting culture medium is the MRS medium (selective culture medium used for the culture lactobacilli) liquid sugar-free bottle (95ml).
- Our main carbon source is sterile added to it, to have finally 10g / 1 if it is a disaccharide or 20 g / 1 for a monosaccharide.
- 1 g of lactose is taken up in 5 ml of hot distilled water, then the whole is filtered through a filter with a porosity of 0.2 ⁇ m and completely added to the 95 ml bottle of MRS. 10 ml are transferred to a sterile tube; they are intended for carrying out the revivification.
- the rest (90 ml of MRS at 10 g / l of lactose) will be used for preculture.
- Revivification growth conditions (10 ml) o 37 ° C o static in an oven o 1% inoculation from a frozen tube at -80 ° C o duration: 16h o
- Preculture growth conditions 500ml o 37 ° C o static in an oven o 1% inoculation from the preculture o duration: 16h o
- IL Propagation in a fermenter Preparation of a base for the regulation of pH 38% KOH (ie 9.3 mol / 1) is used to neutralize the lactic acid produced. Sterilized at 121 ° C for 15 minutes. The prerequisite volume for a propagation of 10 liters is 1000 ml minimum.
- This choice is optimized to minimize the risk of osmotic shock during the transition from a synthetic medium to the final product whose measured parameters are pH 5 and an osmotic pressure of 879 mOsm.
- the steps during washing are the start of the filtration loop, recirculation of bacteria through the system and injection of the washing solution / drawing off the filtrate at the same rate.
- Starting the filtration system When starting the filtration, the polarization layer is formed by operating the system for 5 minutes at reduced speed (20 to 50% of the maximum pump flow) with the inlet valves and output of the module in the 100% open position. The permeate outlet valve being closed. Once this period has passed, the pump speed is gradually increased to 100% of its operating range. The permeate valve is 100% open and kept in this position throughout the filtration step.
- the permeation volume must be equivalent to that of the feed (Dl).
- the feed rate of the washing solution is identical to that of the permeate.
- the volume of the solution is passed in a period varying between 1 and 2 hours. After this time, the filtration conditions remain unchanged, the volume concentration begins.
- the filtration module must be fitted with expansion compensation nuts.
- Vt Q (m 3 / h) / (3600 x total filtration area) in m / s
- total filtration area number of modules x number of channels x section (in m)
- the concentration factor by volume (FCV) is 10.
- FCV concentration factor by volume
- the final population reached in batch is 2.10 10 cfu / ml.
- the final population measured in the bacterial concentrate is greater than l, n 5.10 cfu / ml.
- Reproducibility of the filtration operation This is evaluated by drawing the curves which appear in FIGS. 3 to 5 below, for the various filtration tests carried out over 4 weeks during the mouse test.
- the tangential filtration step under the conditions described is perfectly reproducible, the flow, temperature and pressure parameters are controlled during the L.casei concentration step.
- Tangential filtration platform Conditions for obtaining a final population of L.casei of 1.10 11 cfu / ml.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0401999A FR2866899B1 (fr) | 2004-02-27 | 2004-02-27 | Procede de production d'un concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables a usage alimentaire |
| PCT/FR2005/000479 WO2005087914A2 (fr) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-02-28 | Procede de production d'un concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables a usage alimentaire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1720975A2 true EP1720975A2 (fr) | 2006-11-15 |
Family
ID=34834101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP05732668A Withdrawn EP1720975A2 (fr) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-02-28 | Procede de production d'un concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables a usage alimentaire |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080038406A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1720975A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2007524417A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2005221853B2 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2557566A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2866899B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2005087914A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2866898B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-27 | 2006-06-09 | Gervais Danone Sa | Concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables pour un usage alimentaire |
| DK2228436T3 (en) | 2009-03-06 | 2016-04-11 | Dupont Nutrition Biosci Aps | The centrifugation and filtration methods for concentrating micro-organisms |
| DK2729559T3 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2018-12-10 | Dupont Nutrition Biosci Aps | PROCEDURE FOR REDUCING THE VISCOSITY OF A MICRO-ORGANIC SUSPENSION OR A MICRO-ORGANIC CONCENTRATE |
| JP5784416B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-26 | 2015-09-24 | 出光興産株式会社 | 菌類の回収方法 |
| CN118613575A (zh) * | 2022-01-11 | 2024-09-06 | 科·汉森有限公司 | 生产细菌的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2364049A (en) * | 1941-04-07 | 1944-12-05 | Bensel Brice Corp | Process for preserving food and product |
| US3228838A (en) * | 1959-04-23 | 1966-01-11 | Union Carbide Corp | Preservation of biological substances |
| US3974068A (en) * | 1971-11-26 | 1976-08-10 | Firma Heinrich Frings | Ultrafiltration process and apparatus using low hydrostatic pressure to prevent concentration polarization |
| US5256294A (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1993-10-26 | Genentech, Inc. | Tangential flow filtration process and apparatus |
| ES2158800B1 (es) * | 1999-09-03 | 2002-03-16 | Consejo Superior Investigacion | Produccion por cultivo continuo de un fermento lactico mixto de adicion directa para elaboracion de queso. |
| JP3462140B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-06 | 2003-11-05 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 乳酸菌の濃縮方法及び発酵乳の製造方法 |
| DE60231809D1 (fr) * | 2001-02-19 | 2009-05-14 | Nestle Sa | |
| US20040109853A1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2004-06-10 | Reactive Surfaces, Ltd. | Biological active coating components, coatings, and coated surfaces |
| FR2866898B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-27 | 2006-06-09 | Gervais Danone Sa | Concentrat liquide de bacteries adaptees et viables pour un usage alimentaire |
-
2004
- 2004-02-27 FR FR0401999A patent/FR2866899B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-02-28 JP JP2007500265A patent/JP2007524417A/ja active Pending
- 2005-02-28 WO PCT/FR2005/000479 patent/WO2005087914A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2005-02-28 US US10/590,658 patent/US20080038406A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-28 CA CA002557566A patent/CA2557566A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2005-02-28 EP EP05732668A patent/EP1720975A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-02-28 AU AU2005221853A patent/AU2005221853B2/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005087914A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2866899B1 (fr) | 2006-06-09 |
| AU2005221853B2 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
| FR2866899A1 (fr) | 2005-09-02 |
| WO2005087914A2 (fr) | 2005-09-22 |
| CA2557566A1 (fr) | 2005-09-22 |
| JP2007524417A (ja) | 2007-08-30 |
| AU2005221853A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
| US20080038406A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
| WO2005087914A3 (fr) | 2005-11-10 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BARBEAU, JEAN-YVES Inventor name: REGULIER, PASCAL Inventor name: CATONNET, GUILLAUME Inventor name: TERRAGNO, LUC Inventor name: DAVAL, CHRISTOPHE Inventor name: TEISSIER, PHILIPPE |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COMPAGNIE GERVAIS DANONE |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20080926 |
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| RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: C12M 1/12 20060101ALI20120119BHEP Ipc: A23L 2/52 20060101ALI20120119BHEP Ipc: C12N 1/02 20060101AFI20120119BHEP Ipc: A23C 9/152 20060101ALI20120119BHEP Ipc: A23L 1/30 20060101ALI20120119BHEP |
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