EP1688253A1 - Method for operating a printing group - Google Patents

Abstract

Rotary print machine has a print mechanism with which print ink can be applied to a print medium. The dependence between the print ink ease of flow or elasticity and temperature is at most 0.6 tack /[deg]C in the temperature range between 22 and 50[deg]C. Alternately in a production speed range between 3 and 16 m/s the ink elasticity varies by at most 1.5 tack s/m. Independent claims are also included for the following:- (a) A rotary print machine that uses ink of specific tackiness; (b) a print ink whose tackiness varies in a given way over a given temperature range or production speed; (c) and use of print ink of a given tack in a rotary printer or in non-aqueous offset printing.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a printing unit according to the preamble of claim 1.

By the JP 62-191 152 a control is known, wherein a cooling of a roller temperature in dependence on the operating state of the printing machine is switched on or off. During production, the cooling is regulated as a function of the surface temperature of a forme cylinder.

EP 06 52 104 A1 discloses a printing unit for waterless offset printing with various options for temperature control of the surface of cylinders. So z. B. during the preparation for the printing operation preheating, and during printing a constant maintenance in a certain temperature range, a pressure plate on the forme cylinder z. B. at a constant temperature of 28 to 30 ° C, possible.

Also in the literature, z. As in Walenski, the web offset printing 1995, in connection with the waterless offset printing a temperature of the plate and transfer cylinder as a prerequisite for the printing of high-quality printing results mentioned, the temperature of the printing plate to be kept constant at 25 to 28 ° C. For the purpose of newspaper printing, suitable toughness values of 3.5 to 5 tack are specified for reasons of speed.

A printing unit is disclosed in EP 0 886 578 B1, wherein an inking unit and the ink-conducting cylinders are arranged in a partially enclosed space. In order to avoid cloning on one side and drying out of the printing ink on the other side, the partially enclosed space is at a predeterminable temperature and a certain level of humidity or concentration of chemical substrates held. For example, the entire room is maintained at a set point of 33.8 ° C, a humidity of 75% and / or a concentration of chemicals of 300 ppm.

DE-OS19 53 590 discloses a printing unit with inking and dampening, which is temperature controlled by means of a tempering device. A setpoint for the temperature can before the start of the printing process depending on influencing variables, eg. As the printing speed, based on a proof or tables are set. An advantageous upper limit of the temperature of the printing ink is indicated at room temperature.

The FOGRA Research Report 3.220 deals with the tempering of an inking unit in a sheetfed offset press. A uniform process flow is obtained here z. B. with held constant inking temperatures. By changing the inking temperature, the color transfer, z. As the tack, but are affected. For example, for a particular printing ink, a temperature of about 35 ° C. must be set on the surface of a rubbing cylinder of the inking unit of the sheet-fed offset press in order to prevent picking for a specific setting of the dampening solution quantity. A representation of measurement results shows values for the determined tack as a function of the dampening solution quantity and a crushing limit of 6.5 N / m.

From DE 197 36 339 A1 discloses a tempering in a printing unit is known, wherein the thermostatic properties, such as u.a. the agility to be influenced.

In DE 44 31 188 A1, a printing forme of a printing unit for waterless offset printing is cooled to about 28 to 30 ° C by means of a cooling device.

ISO 12634: 1996 (E) provides a regulation for the measurement of pastes of pasty colors, one of several suitable measuring instruments being the "Prüfbau Inkomat".

EP 0 562 983 A1 discloses a method for operating a printing unit for waterless offset printing, wherein the temperature of an inking unit or the ink itself is adjusted by means of a tempering device.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for operating a printing unit.

The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The achievable with the present invention consist in particular that a high print quality and trouble-free operation, both at low and at high production speeds is achieved.

It is particularly suitable to use the method and the apparatus in waterless offset printing, since the build-up of printing ink and contamination on the ink-conducting components is a problem in this printing process. U. a. can in the absence of dampening solution increased, and for the printing process or the printing inks may occur too high a temperature in the printing unit. Due to the lack of fountain solution, soiling, paper dust and fibers u. U. may not be effectively out of the process.

Build up of ink and contaminants on one side and clinging of the printing plate by "wrong" temperatures on the other side is effectively reduced, and ideally prevented.

It is also advantageous that an ideal adaptation to different printing inks and / or printing materials can be carried out with the method or the device. By regulating a disturbing picking between ink-transferring cylinder and substrate can be effectively prevented or reduced.

In an advantageous embodiment of the forme cylinder of the printing unit is heated, without the additional generation of a gas flow on its surface, but from the forme cylinder such. B. an introduced into the form cylinder temperature control, evaporation, etc. A thus accelerated evaporation of paint ingredients and premature dehydration can be prevented. Also to a setting of a special room climate and possibly to be provided exhaust air purification significantly reduced demands are to be made.

It is particularly economical and simple if only the or the forme cylinders are tempered by the printing cylinder without additional tempering of the transfer cylinder. However, the inking unit may additionally have a tempering.

Moreover, by the method and apparatus, a significant saving of energy over conventional techniques, for example, wherein the cylinders are each held at a single, fixed low temperature, possible.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Druckwerks für den wasserlosen Offsetdruck;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung von Zusammenhängen zwischen Temperatur, Zügigkeit sowie Produktionsgeschwindigkeit;

Fig. 3

ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Regelschema;

Fig. 4

eine beispielhafte Sollwertvorgabe a) als Tabelle, b) als Stufenfunktion c) als stetige Kurve;

Fig. 5

Diagramm für die Charakteristik einer verwendeten Farbe.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a printing unit for the waterless Offset printing;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of relationships between temperature, tack and production speed;

Fig. 3

an embodiment of a control scheme;

Fig. 4

an exemplary desired value specification a) as a table, b) as a step function c) as a continuous curve;

Fig. 5

Diagram for the characteristic of a used color.

A printing press, in particular a rotary printing press, has a printing unit 01, which has at least one inking unit 02, a cylinder 03 carrying a printing forme 04, for. Example, as a forme cylinder 03 executed printing group cylinder 03, and a counter-pressure cylinder 06 has (Fig. 1). The printing form 04 is preferably designed as a printing forme 04 for the planographic printing (planographic printing forme 04), in particular for the waterless planographic printing (waterless lithographic printing forme 04). The printing unit 01 is z. B. executed as a printing unit 01 for offset printing and has between the forme cylinder 03 and the impression cylinder 06 another cylinder 07, z. B. a running as a transfer cylinder 07 printing cylinder 07 with a lift 08 on its lateral surface. The transfer cylinder 07 forms with the impression cylinder 06 in a print-on position on a substrate 09, z. B. a printing substrate 09, a printing point 11. The impression cylinder 06 may be another transfer cylinder 06 of a non-designated further printing unit, or a no ink leading impression cylinder 06, z. As a steel or a satellite cylinder, be.

The printing forme 04 can be sleeve-shaped or else designed as one (or more) printing plate 04, which with its ends in at least one narrow, one width in Circumferential direction of 3 mm not exceeding, channel attached or mounted (indicated in Fig. 1). Likewise, the elevator 08 on the transfer cylinder 07 sleeve-shaped or as (at least one) blanket be executed 08, which is also fixed in at least one channel and / or tensioned. If the rubber blanket 08 is designed as a multi-layer metal printing blanket, then the channel is also designed with the above-mentioned maximum width.

The inking unit 02 has a paint supply 12, z. As a paint tray with fountain roller or lifter, or a chamber doctor blade with ink supply, and at least one of the forme cylinder 03 in a pressure-on position engagable roller 13, z. B. on an applicator roll 13. The ink is transported in the example of the ink supply 12 via an executed as an anilox roller 14, the roller 13, the forme cylinder 03 and the transfer cylinder 07 on the substrate 09 (eg, web-shaped or as a sheet). It may also be a second, with the anilox roller 14 and the forme cylinder 03 cooperating, not shown applicator roller 13 may be arranged.

The printing unit 01 is embodied as a so-called "printing unit for waterless planographic printing", in particular "waterless offset printing" (dry offset), ie, in addition to the supply of printing ink, no further supply of dampening solution is required for the formation of "non-printing" areas The method can eliminate the application of a moisture film on the printing form 04, which otherwise prevents the nonprinting areas on the printing plate 04 from accepting printing ink in the so-called "wet offset." In waterless offset printing, this is achieved by using special printing inks and the special design of the surface For example, a silicone layer in waterless offset printing can take over the role of the hydrophilic area of the wet offset that can be assigned with fountain solution, and prevent printing plate 04 from taking up ink.

Generally, the non-printing areas and the printing areas of the Printing form 04 achieved by the formation of areas of different surface tensions when interacting with the ink.

To sound free, d. H. Without even the non-printing areas also accept printing ink and possibly even enforce to print, it requires a printing ink in their tack (measured as tack value) is set so that due to the surface tension difference between printing and non-printing parts on the plate a flawless Separation can take place. Since the non-printing areas are preferably formed as a silicone layer, a printing ink with a compared to the wet offset significantly higher tack is needed for this purpose.

The tack, for example, according to "The web offset printing", Walenski 1995, the resistance with which the ink of the film cleavage in a nip or during the transfer of the ink in the printing zone between cylinder and substrate and counteracts. It is usually in roll systems, z. In a "tack-o-scope" or a "tackmeter".

As the tack of the ink changes with temperature, in practice, during operation of the printing press, the cylinders 03; 07 and the inking unit 02 cooled and kept at a constant temperature to avoid toning for the changing operating conditions during printing.

However, the tack of the printing ink influences not only the separation of printing and non-printing areas but also the strength of a plucking when a color-guiding cylinder 03 interacts; 07 with the substrate 09. In particular, when the substrate 09 as uncoated, low-density newsprint with very good absorbency, ie open-pored and with very low Wegschlagzeit executed, increases the risk of loosening caused by fibers or dust. This danger is but z. B. also used in web offset printing slightly coated or lightweight, coated paper grades having a coating weight of e.g. B. 5 - 20 g / m ² , in particular 5 - 10 g / m ² or even less before. Overall, the temperature is particularly suitable for uncoated or coated papers with a coating weight of less than 20 g / m ² . For coated papers, the method may u. U. be advantageous if it is found that the stroke is "pulled off" by increasing speed from the paper (at least partially).

In order to minimize picking or build-up on the blanket and the printing plate 04, it is attempted to produce and use the printing ink for the intended use and the expected operating conditions as close as possible to the lower limit of the speed.

With regard to the toning or clogging of the non-printing areas on the printing plate 04, in addition to the tack of the printing ink, the relative speed during the detachment process, ie the release of the printing ink, also plays a role. H. when splitting or loosening the ink, a crucial role. The printing ink generates at a higher production speed V (corresponds to the surface or unwinding speed V of the printing cylinder (03); 07 or the conveying speed of the printing material 09, measured, for example, in m / s) in the gap both between roller 13 and Printing form 04 of the forme cylinder 03 and between the printing forme 04 of the forme cylinder 03 and the elevator 08 on the transfer cylinder 07 larger demolition forces. The lower the relative speed, z. As the intended production speed V is, the higher the speed of the ink to choose to prevent cloning at lower production speeds V. Otherwise, the wrong choice for poor print quality or during startup leads to increased paper waste and high maintenance.

Increases the dynamic speed with increasing production speed V, so there is usually a stronger plucking on the substrate 09 and increased building of contamination and printing ink on the printing plate 04. This has complications and an increased maintenance frequency, z. B. frequent washing of the surfaces, when the tack was designed for a lower or middle range of the production speed V.

This problem, which is currently not solvable even by a special choice of printing ink, has been recognized in its context and has been solved by the method and the control device described below. With the method and the device, plucking and the associated introduction of fibers and dust into the printing unit 01 are avoided or reduced in each region for the production speed V. At the same time toning of the printing plate 04 is avoided for each production speed V and achieved a high print quality.

One or more of the color-guiding components, such. B. in an advantageous embodiment of the form cylinder 03 running as a printing cylinder 03 as ink-carrying component 03, and / or the ink itself, is temperature controlled in dependence on the production speed V. The temperature T is not kept constant for all production _speeds V in a specific temperature range, as otherwise customary in waterless offset printing, but has different setpoint values T _SO1 for different production _speeds . The temperature T is regulated as a function of the production speed V such that the tack of the printing ink at any desired production speed V is within a predefinable window of tolerable tack values. For a higher production _speed V, an increased setpoint T _{SOll is selected} for the temperature T of the corresponding component 03 or the printing ink.

An example of the dependencies of the relationships between the temperature T and the tack (tack value) and between the production speed V and the tack (tack value) is shown schematically in FIG. Regardless of the size and the scale graduation for the tack values, this decreases with increasing temperature T and increases with increasing production speed V. The two curves for the temperature T and the production speed V each represent only a single curve of an entire family of curves. The curve of the temperature T represents the dependence of the tack value at a constant production speed V, while conversely the curve for the Production speed V represents a curve for a constant temperature T.

A tack suitable for printing (tack value) is in a "printable area" of tack values, i. H. in a window ΔZ. The limits of the window ΔZ are i. d. R. soft trained, d. H. in case of undershoot or exceedance, the quality does not deteriorate abruptly but gradually. However, the tack values for the respective printing ink determined, for example, by paint manufacturers are dependent on the measuring device used and the method, so that the dependency and the window ΔZ from FIG. 2 must be converted into one another for different methods and measuring devices.

The values shown by way of example in FIG. 2 show the dependencies only schematically on the basis of a single curve representing the respective group. However, the values for a suitable window ΔZ are based e.g. B. on measurement results on an "Inkomat" Fa Fa. Prüfbau. They are to be transmitted in a different way to be determined according to the above.

Also, the tear behavior described above in addition to the tack value also depend on the radius of curvature of the cooperating surfaces, so that in case of considerably large of the present case cylinder 03; 07, d. H. With a circumference of about 800 to 1,200 mm, even the desired window .DELTA.Z for the tack value can easily move.

The window ΔZ for. For trouble-free printing in waterless offset printing the speed is z. B. between 6 and 9.5, in particular between 7 and 8.5. When reducing the tack, increased toning occurs in the "tone range", increased toning and increased build-up on the cylinders 03 when magnified in a "pluck-build"area; 07 on.

The method is now based on the control principle that for the intended, imminent, or current production _speed V as a _reference variable, a specific setpoint T _SOII or maximum value T _{MAX is assigned} for the temperature T of the component 03 or the printing ink as the output variable. The setpoint T _SOII or maximum value T _MAX in both cases represents a default temperature T _V , which in the first case corresponds to a temperature to be maintained and in the second case corresponds to an upper limit of a permissible temperature.

This can, as exemplified in Fig. 3, take place by means of a timing chain, wherein z. B. a control device 16, the production _speed V is _{supplied as a reference variable} , in the control _device 16 based on a stored relationship 17 between the production rate V and the setpoint T _SOII for the temperature T of the required setpoint T _SOII or a maximum value T _MAX not to be determined and is supplied as a reference variable of a control device 18. This control device 18 keeps the temperature T of the component 03 or the ink as a controlled variable via a control path 19 to the setpoint T _SOll constant, or brings them to the setpoint T _SOll or ensures that the temperature T does not exceed the maximum value T _MAX , The temperature T of a component 03 is preferably the temperature T in the near-surface region of the component 03, in particular the temperature T of an envelope surface or elevator 04 cooperating with the printing ink. The measurement of the temperature T takes place, for example, by means of at least one sensor arranged on the component 03 or elevator 04.

The component 03 or the printing ink can by means of a conventional control device 18 via, for example, a cooling and / or heating unit, a Temperiermittelkreislauf, via variation of Temperiermittelstromes, u. U. also be brought by means of blowing appropriately tempered or sized in its flow gas / air flow or other common methods as a controlled system 19 to the corresponding temperature T as a controlled variable. Since the printing unit 01 in waterless offset printing, among other things due to the lack of cooling effect of the fountain solution usually heated more than desired, is provided in this case as a controlled system 19 only a cooling device 19 for temperature control, which corresponds to the component 03 and the ink to the production speed V. Setpoint T _SOll leads or stops. In this case, each production _speed V can also be _assigned the maximum value T _MAX for the temperature T instead of a setpoint value T _SOll , which is monitored and maintained by the control device 18.

The information about the desired and / or the current production speed V can, for example, be made manually by input via an input unit 21 operatively connected to the control device 16 and possibly adjusted in the further course from the values of a machine controller 22. It is advantageous, instead of a manual input, to take the data for the desired and / or current production speed V from a program sequence of the machine controller 22 on which the production is based.

The control device 16 and the control device 18 may be structurally combined and integrated in the machine control 22 or the structural design of the controlled system 19.

In a simplified embodiment, instead of the control _device 16, the possibility of specifying the desired value T _SOll or the maximum value T _MAX as a _reference variable for the control device 18 in other ways, for example by means of manual selection, are made. Also in this case is the example selection of the setpoint value T _SOII or the maximum value T _MAX made by the printer is based on an above-mentioned relationship 17, possibly in the form of a table.

In another simplified embodiment, for example, there is a control device 16, by means of which the temperature T is set on the basis of empirical values without a subsequent control loop. In this case, for example, without the need for a measuring point on the cylinder 03 or the printing plate 04, a temperature control to the desired value T _SOII or the maximum value T _MAX . The temperatures resulting for certain operating conditions and settings of the temperature control are known in this case, for example, from previous calibration measurements. An internal control loop for temperature control of the temperature control itself, etc. may still be present.

4 shows, by way of example and schematically, a relationship 17, as in a control diagram according to FIG. 3 in or for the control device 16 as table a), as step function b) defined in sections or as a continuous, monotonically increasing function c) in a not shown Memory unit or a computer can be stored. For printing inks of different "basic consistency", z. As different manufacturers or different composition, different contexts 17 may be deposited. This also applies to different colors of the printing ink.

Depending on the component to be tempered, z. B. the forme cylinder 03, the transfer cylinder 07, the ink supply 12, the roller 13, the roller 14 as an ink-carrying component 03; 07; 12; 13; 14, or the ink itself, such a table may have different values.

In an advantageous embodiment is tempered by means of the method and the apparatus of the forme cylinder 03 of the printing unit 01, since this effectively both the Requirement of sound-free printing on the one hand, as well as the reduction or, avoiding the plucking on the other side met with minimal effort. In contrast to the sole tempering of the inking unit 02, the temperature of the forme cylinder 03 is both close to the printing plate 04, as well as in sufficient proximity to the pressure point cooperating with the printing substrate 09 11. On the other hand, it is in terms of effort and effectiveness advantageous if of the two printing cylinder 03; 07 only the forme cylinder 03 is directly tempered. The desired gradient of the temperatures on the forming and transfer cylinder 03; 07 adjusts itself in this version with the selected conditions. A temperature of the transfer cylinder 07 from the inside would be slow if necessary.

The forme cylinder 03 is in the case of a non-continuous relationship 18 (Fig. 4, b)), for example, in a lower region of the production speed V, z. B. between 1 to 4 m / s, to a temperature T of about 20 to 25 ° C, in particular from 21 to 23 ° C tempered. For greater production _speeds V out the temperature T is assigned a higher setpoint T _SOII or maximum value T _MAX , which for example, for production _speeds V of 4 to 6.5 m / s between 26 and 31 ° C, in particular at 27 to 29 ° C. For production rates V, which more than z. B. 6.5 m / s, in particular more than 10 m / s, for example, set values T _SOII and maximum values T _MAX for the temperature T of the forme cylinder 03 assigned, which are greater than 30 ° C, or even greater than 32 ° C.

If, for example, the production _speed V is 6.5 to 11 m / s, then a setpoint T _SOII or maximum value T _MAX in the range of greater than 30 to 37 ° C can be assigned. In a finer subdivision z. B. production speeds V of 6.5 to 9 m / s z. B. a range greater than 30 ° C to 35 ° C and for production _speeds V of 9 to 14 m / s a setpoint T _SOII or maximum value T _MAX of about 32 to 37 ° C, z. B. 34 to 36 ° C, or assigned to greater than or equal to 35 ° C. For even higher production speeds V, values that go beyond that for the Temperature T be assigned. It can the present range of 1 to 14 m / s in less, z. B. in only two or three stages, or else in more stages, each with a temperature T to be assigned. It may also be advantageous to store the relationship as a continuous function as exemplified in FIG. 4 c).

If other conditions exist, eg. As printing inks with significantly different properties, a substrate 09, which has a different surface of uncoated newsprint paper and / or a completely different Rupfverhalten, the values of the relationship may differ significantly from the above values. Common to the solution, however, is still the regulation of the temperature T of the forme cylinder 03 as a function of the production speed V, in such a way that it has a higher setpoint T _soll or maximum value T _MAX in a range of higher production speeds V, as for a range lower Production speeds V. By means of the method and the device is thus the plucking between ink-carrying cylinder 03; 07 and the substrate 09 reduced and ideally almost prevented.

For high production speeds V, z. B. from 6.5 m / s, in particular from 10 m / s, it is of particular advantage that the temperature T is set in contrast to previous proposals for solutions to values of more than 30 ° C. Only then can the plucking and the associated contamination for high production speeds V be effectively prevented.

If a rotary printing machine with high production speeds V, z. B. with 6.5 m / s or in particular 10 m / s and more, it is also possible in an embodiment not shown to dispense with the aforementioned regulation of the temperature T as a function of the production rate V, and in principle a temperature of the component 03, in particular of the forme cylinder 03, or a maximum value T _MAX contrary to previous practice to a temperature T of greater than 30 ° C, in particular greater than or equal to 32 °, for example, to provide a temperature T of 32 to 37 C.

With the temperature of the forme cylinder 03, in particular the temperature control in the near-surface region or the printing plate 04, to above 30 ° C in comparison to previous practice in high ranges of the production speed V a tone-free printing is possible without the printing plate 04 is clogged with printing ink , without printing areas lead too little or too much color, and without fibers and / or dust from the substrate 09 via the transfer cylinder 07 is introduced into the printing unit 01. An expense, which would bring a separate temperature of the forme cylinder 03 (low temperature) and additionally the transfer cylinder 07 (higher temperature) with it, is advantageously avoided by the present choice of temperature T for the forme cylinder 03. In addition, with the temperature control from the inside by means of a fluid, for. As a liquid, and a high cost of housing, air conditioning and exhaust air cleaning avoidable, as he is required for example in convective cooling of the inked, outwardly directed side of the printing plate 04. The forme cylinder 03 is therefore flowed through by a Temperiermittelstrom in an advantageous embodiment, which can be controlled either in its mass flow or in an advantageous manner about its temperature.

For the possibly lower production speeds V during the start-up process, if certain time intervals and the correct choice of the time for the pre-run or the switching on of the temperature control, with increasing production speed V and associated heating never lies outside the desired or predetermined tack value To be quick.

One criterion for the manner in which the described method and apparatus obtains an advantageous application is the characteristic of the printing ink used in the dependencies on tack Production speed V on one side, and temperature T on the other side. A suitable characteristic is exemplified in FIG.

In particular, this is a printing ink, which in connection with said method in the entire range for the production rate V of 1 m / s and 16 m / s, in particular 3 to 16 m / s, and / or the temperature of 15 ° to 50 ° , in particular 15 ° to 40 °, a tack value of 4 does not exceed below and 12 does not exceed. Ideally, the tack value for the range of a production speed V of 3 to 16 m / s or a temperature of 22 ° to 50 ° C is in a range of 6 to 9.5 tack, in particular between 7 and 8.5 tack.

The characteristic of the ideal ink runs horizontally for both dependencies, ie. H. the gradients (dTack / dV) and / or (dTack / dT) are in the area of interest for production, e.g. B. from 15 ° to 50 °, in particular from 22 ° to 50 °, and from 1 to 16 m / s, in particular from 3 to 16 m / s, in about 0.

In a temperature range of 22 ° to 50 ° C, the ink has a dependence of a tack on the temperature T, so that an amount of the gradient dTack / dT maximum 0.6 Tack / ° C (-0.6 to +0.6 ), in particular less than or equal to 0.3 Tack / ° C (-0.3 to +0.3). For temperature ranges greater than 30 ° C., the amount of the gradient dTack / dT is advantageously less than or equal to 0.2 Tack / ° C (-0.2 to +0.2). In one embodiment of the printing ink, the dependence between speed and temperature T is carried out as a falling curve, the gradient dTack / dT lies here between -0.6 and 0 Tack / ° C for the temperature range of 22 ° to 50 ° C, in particular of -0.3 to 0.

In the range of production speeds V of 3 to 16 m / s, at least 9 to 14 m / s, the dependence of the tack of the printing ink on the production speed V is such that the amount of the gradient dTack / dV is at most 1.5 Tack * s / m (-1.5 to +1.5), in particular less than or equal to 1 tack * s / m (-1 to +1). For production speeds V of above 6 m / s, the amount of the gradient dTack / dV in an advantageous embodiment is less than or equal to 0.5 Tack * s / m (-0.5 to +0.5). In one embodiment of the printing ink, the dependence between speed and production speed V is carried out as a rising curve, the gradient dTack / dV here lies between +1.5 and 0 tack * s / m, in particular from +1 to 0 for the stated range.

The curves of the two dependencies shown in FIG. 5 are advantageously increasing or decreasing monotonically in the considered interval and preferably have a gradient of opposite sign.

Said ink is advantageously used in the above-mentioned printing unit or the above-mentioned rotary printing press, which at least one cooperating with a printing ink and by means of a tempering device 18, 19 controllable component 03; 07; 12; 13; 14 has. It is z. B. designed as a printing machine for the planographic printing, in particular for the waterless planographic printing. However, it can be designed for direct or indirect planographic printing.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

printing unit

02

inking

03

Cylinder, printing cylinder, forme cylinder, component

04

Printing form, printing plate, planographic printing plate, waterless planographic printing plate

05

-

06

Impression cylinder, transfer cylinder

07

Cylinder, printing cylinder, transfer cylinder, component

08

Elevator, blanket

09

Substrate, substrate web

10

-

11

bruise

12

Paint supply, component

13

Roller, applicator roller, component

14

Roller, anilox roller, component

15

-

16

control device

17

context

18

control device

19

Controlled system, cooling device

20

-

21

input unit

22

machine control

T

temperature

T _target

Setpoint for the temperature

T _MAX

Maximum value for the temperature

V

production speed

.DELTA.Z

Window of the tack / pressure range

Claims (28)

Method for operating a printing unit, wherein the temperature (T) of at least one rotating component (03; 07; 12; 13; 14) acting together with a printing ink, an elevator (04; 08) and / or the printing ink on this rotating component ( 03; 07; 12; 13; 14) by means of a tempering device (18, 19) is set, characterized in that during operation of the rotary printing machine by a control device (16) for two different production speeds (V) a higher setpoint (T _Soll ) or maximum value (T _MAX ) of the temperature (T) for the higher production speed (V) and a lower target value (T _target ) or maximum value (T _MAX ) of the temperature (T) for the lower of the two production speeds (V). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of the tempering device (18, 19) designed as a printing cylinder (03, 07) rotating component (03, 07) is tempered. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a running as a newsprint substrate (09) is printed, that the printing unit is operated as a printing unit for the waterless planographic printing, and that the temperature (T) at least one together with a printing ink pressure cylinder (03; 07) by means of a tempering device (18, 19) is set, and that during operation of the printing unit with paper of a maximum weight of 20 g / m ² a tack (Z) of the ink on this printing cylinder (03, 07) in the range of 6 to 9.5 tack by means of tempering (18, 19) is set. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that by means of the tempering device (18, 19) as a forme cylinder (03) executed printing cylinder (03) is tempered. A method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that by means of the tempering device (18, 19) as a transfer cylinder (07) executed printing cylinder (07) is tempered. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printing unit is operated as a printing unit for waterless planographic printing. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the temperature (T) of at least one near-surface region of the form of cylinder (03) rotating component (03), the elevator (04) and / or the ink on the forme cylinder (03) by means of the tempering (18, 19) is set to a target value (T _target ) or maximum value (T _MAX ), and that for printing on a substrate with a coating weight of the highest 20 g / m ² running substrate (09) and a production speed (V) greater than or equal to 10 m / s, a setpoint (T _setpoint ) or maximum value (T _MAX ) of greater than 30 ° C is specified. Method according to one of claims 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that the printing unit is operated by an indirect printing method. Method according to Claim 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that the rotating component (03; 07; 12; 13; 14) or the forme cylinder (03) is tempered from the inside by a fluid. Method according to one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that by means of the printing unit as a paper with a coating weight of 20 g / m ² highest executed printing material (09) is printed. Method according to one of claims 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that by means of the printing unit designed as a newsprint substrate (09) is printed. A method according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that for setting or keeping constant the tack (Z) a desired value (T _Soll ) or a maximum value (T _MAX ) for the tempering (18, 19) is changed. A method according to claim 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that the temperature control means (18; 19) by a control _device (16) a setpoint (T _SOll ) or not to be exceeded maximum value (T _MAX ) is supplied as a reference variable. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the control device (16) an actual production _speed (V) is _{supplied as a reference variable} by means of which a stored relationship (17) between the production _speed (V) and a target value (T _SOll ) for the temperature (T) the required setpoint (T _SOll ) or the not to be exceeded maximum value (T _MAX ) is determined. Method according to claim 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that the rapidity (Z) of the printing ink on this rotating component (03; 07) is controlled by tempering the rotating component (03; 07; 12; 13; 14) or the forme cylinder (03). 07, 12, 13, 14) is kept substantially constant. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the tack (Z) deviates during production by a maximum of ± 25%, in particular ± 15% of a mean tack value. Method according to claim 1, 3 or 7, characterized in that by tempering of the rotating component (03; 07; 12; 13; 14) or of the forme cylinder (03) the tack (Z) at least for production speeds of 10 to 16 m / s is maintained in the range of 6 to 9.5 tack. A method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that for production speed (V) of greater than or equal to 10 m / s, a temperature (T) in the near-surface region of the printing cylinder (03), the elevator (04) and / or the printing ink on the elevator (04) of greater than 30 ° C is set. A method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the temperature control device (18; 19) for production speed (V) of greater than or equal to 10 m / s setpoint (T _Soll ) or maximum value (T _MAX ) for the temperature (T ) in the near-surface region of the printing cylinder (03), the elevator (04) and / or the ink on the elevator (04) of greater than 30 ° C is specified. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of the tempering device (18, 19) as a roller (13; 14) executed rotating component (13; 14) is tempered. A method according to claim 20, characterized in that by means of the tempering device (18, 19) designed as an anilox roller (14) roller (14) is tempered. Use of a printing ink in a method according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, whose characteristic in a range for unwinding speeds (V) of 3 to 16 m / s, a dependence of a speed of the unwinding speed (V) with an amount of the gradient of maximum 1.5 (tack * s / m). Use according to claim 22, characterized in that the color has the characteristic at least at a measuring temperature of 30 ° C. Use of a printing ink in a method according to one or more of claims 1 to 21, whose characteristic in a temperature range of 22 ° to 50 ° C, a dependence of a tack of the ink on the temperature (T) an amount of the gradient of a maximum of 0.6 Tack / ° C. A method according to claim 3 or use according to claim 22, characterized in that the color has the characteristic at least at an unwinding speed (V) of 6 m / s. Use according to claim 22 or 24, characterized in that said gradient is at a production rate V of 9 to 14 m / s and a temperature of 22 ° to 50 ° C. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the tack for the range of a production speed V of 3 to 16 m / s and a temperature of 22 ° to 50 ° C in a range of 6 to 9.5 tack. Use or method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tack values for the stated conditions are determined using an "Inkomat" from the company Prüfbau.

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