EP1648702B1 - Printing machine - Google Patents

Printing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1648702B1
EP1648702B1 EP04743820A EP04743820A EP1648702B1 EP 1648702 B1 EP1648702 B1 EP 1648702B1 EP 04743820 A EP04743820 A EP 04743820A EP 04743820 A EP04743820 A EP 04743820A EP 1648702 B1 EP1648702 B1 EP 1648702B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
impression
substrate
printing
screen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP04743820A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1648702A1 (en
Inventor
Matthias Gygi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KBA Notasys SA
Original Assignee
KBA Giori SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP04743820A priority Critical patent/EP1648702B1/en
Priority to EP10153279.4A priority patent/EP2189286B1/en
Publication of EP1648702A1 publication Critical patent/EP1648702A1/en
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Publication of EP1648702B1 publication Critical patent/EP1648702B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00Screen printers
    • B41F15/08Machines
    • B41F15/0804Machines for printing sheets
    • B41F15/0809Machines for printing sheets with cylindrical or belt-like screens
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00Screen printers
    • B41F15/08Machines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00Screen printers
    • B41F15/08Machines
    • B41F15/0804Machines for printing sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41FPRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F15/00Screen printers
    • B41F15/14Details
    • B41F15/16Printing tables
    • B41F15/18Supports for workpieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/12Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D15/00Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/12Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing
    • B41M1/125Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing using a field of force, e.g. an electrostatic field, or an electric current
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41MPRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14Security printing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2215/00Screen printing machines
    • B41P2215/50Screen printing machines for particular purposes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sheet or web printing machine, a printing method and a security element for securities.
  • Security elements known to combat counterfeiting are, for example, formed by combinations of lines and / or patterns with colors, only visible under certain conditions, for example UV light or transparency.
  • the advantage of such security elements is that they are easy to print or place on the document to be protected and they can be controlled by simple devices, even with the naked eye, but they are impossible to reproduce with the current printers, scanners and photocopiers.
  • the patent US 6,050,606 describes a security element for securities, for example for banknotes.
  • This security element is formed by a bottom having at least two juxtaposed regions, each region having clean geometric patterns, said regions having a different color density.
  • the security element further comprises a pattern corresponding to the region of the lowest color density superimposed on said region in a color selected to compensate for the difference in color density between said two regions.
  • the security element appears uniform and without a pattern to the naked eye, but the pattern is clear in a photocopy of said element.
  • the patent US 5,443,579 discloses another method of printing a latent image on a substrate. According to this patent, the printing of raised lines is combined with lines without relief. Thus, a latent color image is created which can not be reproduced with a photocopier or other photomechanical processes.
  • Licences US 5,853,197 and US 5,487,567 show security features that are not easily visible to the naked eye, but which, on the other hand, become clearly apparent when copying or scanning the item.
  • Another specific technique uses watermarks in which the substrate, for example paper, is marked with lines or a pattern that are visible only in transparency.
  • Another development of this technique concerns pseudo-watermarks formed by the creation of a window in the substrate, a technique used in particular with paper substrates which themselves are not normally transparent, said window being transparent.
  • the patent US 6,082,778 describes an identity card protected against unauthorized copying by photocopiers.
  • the idea is to create a security element by combining the protective effect provided by a thin metal film with the physical properties, in particular optical properties, of an additional layer whose combination of effects prevents reproduction. from the menu.
  • Under a transparent cover layer there is a layer of metal over a layer having specific optical properties.
  • the metal layer is demetallized locally exposing the layer with specific optical properties, that is to say making it visible in the demetallized zone.
  • the difference in contrast between the layers makes the marks formed by demetallization easy to recognize with the naked eye.
  • the layer having specific optical properties has a dark color, for example black.
  • the combination of the direct reflection of the metallized zone and a layer having a strong absorption (black layer) prevents the detection of the contrast difference so that the information formed by the demetallization disappears completely on a copy of this element of security.
  • the layer having specific optical properties contains fluorescent or phosphorescent substances which, irradiated by the light of a photocopier, do not emit light of a wavelength in the visible spectrum, so that the zone is not reproduced either.
  • a laser is used either to mark the substrate directly, or to mark a layer applied to said substrate and thus create security elements impossible to reproduce by photocopying or scanning.
  • OTD optically variable elements
  • metallized patches called “foils”
  • moire and other similar patterns all of which are on the one hand, very difficult or impossible to copy with current devices but, on the other hand, very easy to control visually by appropriate means or the naked eye.
  • inks such as optically variable inks to print particular patterns or geometric shapes on the paper-money substrate.
  • These inks known per se in the state of the art, contain pigments with variable optical effect and change color depending on the angle at which they are viewed.
  • publications US 2002/0160194 A1 , US 2002/0182383 A1 and EP 1 239 307 show such inks and they describe the principle and the composition of such inks.
  • variable optical effect pigments containing an additional magnetic layer can be oriented by the application of a magnetic field and thus create particular effects. This particular technique is described in the publications US 6,103,361 , US 5,630,877 , WO 03/000801 and US5,364,689 .
  • one of the problems with optically variable ink printing is that it is often used to print the value of the paper (eg bank note), this value being indicated generally parallel to the length of the note.
  • the value paper eg bank note
  • the sheets comprising printed-image impressions arranged in matrix form move in the width direction of said prints so that the integration of immobile magnets in a conventional printing machine imposes a parallel movement on the printing machine.
  • print width for creating a visible effect left-right movement mentioned above.
  • Creating an effect in the desired direction up-down movement mentioned above
  • Creating an effect in the desired direction imposes a change of direction of leaf movement if one wishes to obtain the particular effect in the desired direction (up-down movement mentioned above).
  • existing machines must be modified significantly which has little economic interest and increases the time required for printing.
  • an object of the invention is to improve known methods and devices.
  • the invention also aims to provide a printing machine and a method implemented by this machine that increases the security of printing.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a printing system, particularly for securities, which can be incorporated into existing machines in a simple manner.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a particular printing process for securities.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide an improved security element.
  • a conventional sheet-fed printing machine is first described with reference to the figure 1 .
  • This known machine has been described in detail in the patent US 6,109,172 and its content relates to the operating principle of a screen printing machine.
  • the machine comprises a magazine 1 containing sheets to be printed, a feeder 2 for the successive transfer of the sheets along the path 3 to a margin cylinder 4, a transfer cylinder 5 for feeding the successive sheets onto a printing cylinder 6, two screen rolls 7 and 8 with rakes and cooperating with the printing cylinder 6 and a chain clamp system 9 which carries a Once the print has been made, the sheets to the 10 outlets.
  • the machine having two screen rolls 7 and 8 with rakes 55, 56, it is capable of producing two-color screen printing on the successive sheets.
  • the sheets On the printing cylinder 6, the sheets first pass the first screen cylinder 7 where a screen printing in a first color is performed, then they pass the second screen cylinder 8 where they receive a silk screen printing in a second color.
  • This second printing can be done in a different area from that printed by the first screen cylinder 7 or in the same area. In the latter case, it is necessary to add a drying system of the ink deposited by the first screen cylinder 7, for example UV lamps or other equivalent system.
  • the figure 2 shows a printing cylinder 6 in section according to the present invention in the configuration of the figure 1 , that is surrounded by a feed cylinder, two screen rolls 7 and 8, a discharge system 9, for example a clip chain, and a drying system 10, such as UV lamps.
  • the impression cylinder 6 comprises a plurality of magnets 12, 13 and 14 placed in a distribution corresponding to the impressions on the sheets substrate, each set of magnets being separated by notches 15, 16, 17 in the impression cylinder 6, in which sheet-retaining clips on the cylinder 6 are arranged.
  • These magnets can be fixed by any appropriate means on the cylinder, in particular by gluing, screwing or other equivalent means.
  • the magnetic elements 59 are not placed directly in the impression cylinder 6 but in a discharge cylinder 57.
  • the magnetic elements 60 are placed in an intermediate cylinder 58, which is located between the discharge cylinder and the UV lamps 10, in the direction of displacement of the substrate.
  • the magnets are placed both in the impression cylinder 6 and / or in the discharge cylinder 57 and / or in the intermediate cylinder 58.
  • FIGS 3A and 3B schematically, two partial views of a printing cylinder with two variants of magnets are shown schematically.
  • the printing cylinder 6 has at least one notch 18 in which is the gripper system 19 holding the substrate 1 which is printed.
  • the cylinder further comprises a second notch 20 in which are placed magnets 21, 22 in a distribution corresponding to that of the impressions on the substrate (not shown).
  • the magnets 21, 22 are covered by a plate 24 of non-magnetic material, for example aluminum or stainless steel.
  • the magnets 21, 22 are permanent magnets.
  • FIG. figure 4 The principle used in the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. figure 4 .
  • a substrate 27 for example a sheet of paper, on which an optically variable ink printing has been deposited.
  • the impression cylinder 6 comprises as shown a permanent magnet 28 which creates the magnetic field lines 29, 30 shown in this figure.
  • the optically variable ink containing magnetic pigments with variable optical effect, the magnetic field lines 29, 30 will orient these pigments according to the directions indicated in this document. figure 4 .
  • the pigments will be aligned vertically while in the lateral zones 32 and 33, the pigments will assume a more horizontal configuration, as shown.
  • the apparent color of the print will change and a change of orientation will have a dynamic print result with color changes followed in the print. .
  • One of the advantages of the system according to the invention is that since the sheet is static with respect to the magnets, it avoids the problem mentioned above related to the usual direction of movement of the sheets in relation to the direction in which one wants to create the optical effect. We can now create this effect without changing directions of movement of successive sheets, even on the same sheet, create security elements with optical effects in different directions (perpendicular or otherwise) without influence on the direction of movement of successive sheets or need to perform successive impressions with optically variable ink.
  • FIGS 4A and 4B show a first optical effect that can be obtained with the machine according to the invention.
  • an ink imprint 40 containing magnetic pigments having a variable optical effect forms the number "100".
  • this impression 40 has its upper half lighter and its lower half darker.
  • Printing 41 of the Figure 4A is the same impression as the print 40 but has been rotated about the X axis so as to vary the angle of consideration of the print. In this position, it is now the lower half is lighter and the upper half is darker.
  • the pigments are oriented by means of a magnet as in the section AA shown in FIG. Figure 4B that is, approximately 45 ° in the left-hand portion 42 and approximately 135 ° in the right-hand portion 43.
  • a second optical effect that can be created with the invention is described with reference to Figures 5A and 5B .
  • the print 44 forms the number "100" and has a lighter area on its upper part.
  • the bright area then moves into the print, as shown in prints 45 and 46 to pass through the middle part of the print (print 45) and into the part bottom of it (print 46).
  • FIG. Figure 5B which corresponds to the BB cup of the Figure 5A .
  • the pigments initially have an almost vertical orientation (zone 47), then gradually arrive at a horizontal orientation (zone 48) and finally resume a substantially vertical orientation (zone 49).
  • a third optical effect is represented in the Figures 6A and 6B .
  • This effect is obtained by two superimposed impressions created with the same optically variable ink.
  • print 50 When the print is viewed perpendicularly (print 50), the print is bright and the background is matte. If the print is rotated in any direction, then there is a reversal of the bright and dull areas (print 51).
  • impression 52 In addition, if one changes the orientation laterally (impression 52), one obtains in addition a variation of color.
  • the sieve can be carried by a cylinder (as in the machine of figures 1 and 2 ) or can also be plane.
  • ink Different types are also possible, as long as they contain magnetically steerable pigments.

Abstract

The machine has a transfer cylinder for transferring a substrate onto a printing cylinder (6). One of two breaker plate cylinders (7, 8) prints the substrate by screen printing using an ink containing pigments. A chain clip system (9) removes the substrate after printing operation. The cylinder (6) has magnets positioned in a location corresponding to the printing by the cylinders (7,8) that are engaged with the cylinder (6). The breaker plate cylinders are engaged with the printing cylinder. An independent claim is also included for a printing method by screen printing of a substrate.

Description

La présente invention concerne une machine d'impression à la feuille ou à la bande, un procédé d'impression et un élément de sécurité pour papiers-valeurs.The present invention relates to a sheet or web printing machine, a printing method and a security element for securities.

Dans le domaine des papiers-valeurs, en particulier des billets de banque, il y a un besoin croissant en éléments de sécurité comme protection contre la contrefaçon. Dans les dernières années, les ordinateurs, les scanners et les photocopieurs ont subi des améliorations techniques notables et il est possible actuellement d'acheter des appareils très performants à des prix raisonnables. Comme ces appareils sont devenus très performants, il est devenu nécessaire de développer de nouveaux éléments de sécurité, eux-mêmes également plus performants, pour les papiers-valeurs, comme les billets de banque, les chèques, les cartes de crédit, les passeports ou documents d'identité et les autres documents similaires afin de protéger ces documents contre la contrefaçon et éviter qu'ils ne puissent être copiés par des ordinateurs, scanners et photocopieurs actuels.In the field of securities, especially banknotes, there is a growing need for security features as protection against counterfeiting. In recent years, computers, scanners and photocopiers have undergone significant technical improvements and it is possible to purchase high-performance devices at reasonable prices. As these devices have become very efficient, it has become necessary to develop new security elements, themselves also more efficient, for securities, such as banknotes, checks, credit cards, passports or documents. identity documents and other similar documents to protect these documents against counterfeiting and prevent them from being copied by current computers, scanners and photocopiers.

Des éléments de sécurité connus pour combattre la contrefaçon sont, par exemple, formés par des combinaisons de superposition de lignes et/ou motifs avec des couleurs, uniquement visibles sous certaines conditions, par exemple la lumière UV ou en transparence. L'intérêt de tels éléments de sécurité est qu'ils sont faciles à imprimer ou à placer sur le document devant être protégé et ils peuvent être contrôlés par des appareils simples, même à l'oeil nu, mais ils sont impossibles à reproduire avec les imprimantes, scanners et photocopieurs actuels.Security elements known to combat counterfeiting are, for example, formed by combinations of lines and / or patterns with colors, only visible under certain conditions, for example UV light or transparency. The advantage of such security elements is that they are easy to print or place on the document to be protected and they can be controlled by simple devices, even with the naked eye, but they are impossible to reproduce with the current printers, scanners and photocopiers.

A titre d'exemple, le brevet US 6,050,606 décrit un élément de sécurité pour papiers-valeurs, par exemple pour des billets de banque. Cet élément de sécurité est formé par un fond ayant au moins deux régions juxtaposées, chaque région comportant des dessins géométriques propres, lesdites régions ayant une densité de couleur différente. L'élément de sécurité comprend en outre un motif correspondant à la région dont la densité de couleur est la plus faible qui est imprimé en superposition sur ladite région en une couleur choisie de façon à compenser la différence de densité de couleur entre lesdites deux régions. Ainsi, l'élément de sécurité apparaît uniforme et sans motif à l'oeil nu, mais le motif ressort clairement lors d'une photocopie dudit élément.For example, the patent US 6,050,606 describes a security element for securities, for example for banknotes. This security element is formed by a bottom having at least two juxtaposed regions, each region having clean geometric patterns, said regions having a different color density. The security element further comprises a pattern corresponding to the region of the lowest color density superimposed on said region in a color selected to compensate for the difference in color density between said two regions. Thus, the security element appears uniform and without a pattern to the naked eye, but the pattern is clear in a photocopy of said element.

Le brevet US 5,443,579 décrit un autre procédé d'impression d'une image latente sur un substrat. Selon ce brevet, on combine l'impression de lignes en relief avec des lignes sans relief. Ainsi, on crée une image en couleur latente qu'il n'est pas possible de reproduire avec un photocopieur ou d'autres procédés photomécaniques.The patent US 5,443,579 discloses another method of printing a latent image on a substrate. According to this patent, the printing of raised lines is combined with lines without relief. Thus, a latent color image is created which can not be reproduced with a photocopier or other photomechanical processes.

Les brevets US 5,853,197 et US 5,487, 567 montrent des éléments de sécurité qui ne sont pas facilement visibles à l'oeil nu, mais qui, en revanche, deviennent clairement apparents lors d'une reproduction de l'élément par photocopie ou scannage.Licences US 5,853,197 and US 5,487,567 show security features that are not easily visible to the naked eye, but which, on the other hand, become clearly apparent when copying or scanning the item.

Une autre technique spécifique utilise des filigranes dans laquelle le substrat, par exemple du papier, est marqué avec des lignes ou un motif qui ne sont visibles qu'en transparence. Un autre développement de cette technique concerne des pseudo-filigranes formés par la création d'une fenêtre dans le substrat, technique utilisée en particulier avec des substrats de papier qui ne sont eux-mêmes normalement pas transparents, ladite fenêtre étant quant à elle transparente.Another specific technique uses watermarks in which the substrate, for example paper, is marked with lines or a pattern that are visible only in transparency. Another development of this technique concerns pseudo-watermarks formed by the creation of a window in the substrate, a technique used in particular with paper substrates which themselves are not normally transparent, said window being transparent.

Le brevet US 6,082,778 décrit une carte d'identité protégée contre la copie non-autorisée par photocopieurs. Dans ce brevet, l'idée est de créer un élément de sécurité en combinant l'effet de protection apporté par un mince film de métal avec les propriétés physiques, en particulier optiques, d'une couche additionnelle dont la combinaison des effets empêche la reproduction de la carte. Sous une couche transparente de couverture, il y a une couche de métal par-dessus une couche ayant des propriétés optiques spécifiques. Dans un premier mode d'exécution, la couche de métal est démétallisée localement exposant ainsi la couche avec des propriétés optiques spécifiques, c'est-à-dire la rendant visible dans la zone démétallisée. La différence de contraste entre les couches rend les marques formées par démétallisation faciles à reconnaître à l'oeil nu. Dans un mode d'exécution particulier, la couche ayant des propriétés optiques spécifiques a une couleur foncée, par exemple noir. La combinaison de la réflexion directe de la zone métallisée et d'une couche ayant une forte absorption (couche noire) empêche la détection de la différence de contraste de sorte que l'information formée par la démétallisation disparaît totalement sur une copie de cet élément de sécurité.The patent US 6,082,778 describes an identity card protected against unauthorized copying by photocopiers. In this patent, the idea is to create a security element by combining the protective effect provided by a thin metal film with the physical properties, in particular optical properties, of an additional layer whose combination of effects prevents reproduction. from the menu. Under a transparent cover layer, there is a layer of metal over a layer having specific optical properties. In a first embodiment, the metal layer is demetallized locally exposing the layer with specific optical properties, that is to say making it visible in the demetallized zone. The difference in contrast between the layers makes the marks formed by demetallization easy to recognize with the naked eye. In a particular embodiment, the layer having specific optical properties has a dark color, for example black. The combination of the direct reflection of the metallized zone and a layer having a strong absorption (black layer) prevents the detection of the contrast difference so that the information formed by the demetallization disappears completely on a copy of this element of security.

Dans un autre mode d'exécution, la couche ayant des propriétés optiques spécifiques contient des substances fluorescentes ou phosphorescentes qui, irradiées par la lumière d'un photocopieur n'émettent pas de lumière d'une longueur d'onde dans le spectre visible, de sorte que la zone n'est pas reproduite non plus.In another embodiment, the layer having specific optical properties contains fluorescent or phosphorescent substances which, irradiated by the light of a photocopier, do not emit light of a wavelength in the visible spectrum, so that the zone is not reproduced either.

Selon d'autres techniques connues dans l'état de la technique, on utilise un laser soit pour marquer le substrat directement, soit pour marquer une couche appliquée sur ledit substrat et ainsi créer des éléments de sécurité impossible à reproduire par photocopie ou scanner.According to other techniques known in the state of the art, a laser is used either to mark the substrate directly, or to mark a layer applied to said substrate and thus create security elements impossible to reproduce by photocopying or scanning.

D'autres éléments de sécurité utilisent des éléments optiquement variables ("OVD" ®) sous forme de patches métallisés (appelés "foils") ou hologrammes, et également des moirés et d'autres motifs similaires, tous étant, d'une part, très difficiles voire impossibles à copier avec les appareils actuels mais, d'autre part, très faciles à contrôler visuellement par des moyens appropriés ou à l'oeil nu.Other security elements use optically variable elements ( "OVD" ®) in the form of metallized patches (called "foils") or holograms, and also moire and other similar patterns, all of which are on the one hand, very difficult or impossible to copy with current devices but, on the other hand, very easy to control visually by appropriate means or the naked eye.

Il est aussi connu d'utiliser des encres spécifiques comme des encres optiquement variables pour imprimer des motifs ou formes géométriques particuliers sur le substrat de papiers-valeurs. Ces encres, connues en soi dans l'état de la technique, contiennent des pigments à effet optique variable et changent de couleur en fonction de l'angle selon lequel elles sont regardées. A titre d'exemple, les publications US 2002/0160194 A1 , US 2002/0182383 A1 et EP 1 239 307 montrent de telles encres et elles décrivent le principe et la composition de telles encres.It is also known to use specific inks such as optically variable inks to print particular patterns or geometric shapes on the paper-money substrate. These inks, known per se in the state of the art, contain pigments with variable optical effect and change color depending on the angle at which they are viewed. For example, publications US 2002/0160194 A1 , US 2002/0182383 A1 and EP 1 239 307 show such inks and they describe the principle and the composition of such inks.

Lorsque l'on utilise de telles encres, l'on s'est aperçu que les pigments à effet optique variable contenant une couche supplémentaire magnétique pouvaient être orientés par l'application d'un champ magnétique et ainsi créer des effets particuliers. Cette technique particulière est décrite dans les publications US 6,103,361 , US 5,630,877 , WO 03/000801 et US 5,364,689 .When using such inks, it has been found that variable optical effect pigments containing an additional magnetic layer can be oriented by the application of a magnetic field and thus create particular effects. This particular technique is described in the publications US 6,103,361 , US 5,630,877 , WO 03/000801 and US5,364,689 .

Toutefois, l'un des problèmes que l'on rencontre avec les impressions en encre optiquement variable réside dans le fait que celle-ci est souvent employée pour imprimer la valeur du papier-valeur (p.ex. billet de banque), cette valeur étant indiquée généralement parallèlement à la longueur du billet. De plus, on recherche toujours à créer un effet optique visible lorsque l'on fait tourner le papier-valeur autour d'un axe parallèle à la longueur dudit papier-valeur (mouvement haut-bas) plutôt qu'un axe parallèle à la largeur (mouvement gauche-droite), le premier mouvement étant plus naturel pour un utilisateur.However, one of the problems with optically variable ink printing is that it is often used to print the value of the paper (eg bank note), this value being indicated generally parallel to the length of the note. In addition, there is always a desire to create a visible optical effect when the value paper is rotated about an axis parallel to the length of said value paper (up-down motion) rather than an axis parallel to the width. (left-right movement), the first movement being more natural for a user.

De façon habituelle, les feuilles comportant des impressions de papiers-valeurs arrangées sous forme matricielle se déplacent dans le sens de la largeur desdites impressions de sorte que l'intégration d'aimants immobiles dans une machine d'impression classique impose un mouvement parallèle à la largeur des impressions pour la création d'un effet visible (mouvement gauche-droite mentionné ci-dessus). La création d'un effet dans le sens désiré (mouvement haut-bas mentionné ci-dessus) impose un changement de direction du déplacement des feuilles si l'on veut obtenir l'effet particulier dans le sens désiré (mouvement haut-bas mentionné ci-dessus). Ainsi, les machines existantes doivent être modifiées de façon importante ce qui a peu d'intérêt économique et augmente le temps nécessaire à l'impression.In the usual way, the sheets comprising printed-image impressions arranged in matrix form move in the width direction of said prints so that the integration of immobile magnets in a conventional printing machine imposes a parallel movement on the printing machine. print width for creating a visible effect (left-right movement mentioned above). Creating an effect in the desired direction (up-down movement mentioned above) imposes a change of direction of leaf movement if one wishes to obtain the particular effect in the desired direction (up-down movement mentioned above). Thus, existing machines must be modified significantly which has little economic interest and increases the time required for printing.

Ainsi, un but de l'invention est d'améliorer les procédés et dispositifs connus.Thus, an object of the invention is to improve known methods and devices.

L'invention a également pour but de proposer une machine d'impression et un procédé mis en oeuvre par cette machine qui augmente la sécurité de l'impression.The invention also aims to provide a printing machine and a method implemented by this machine that increases the security of printing.

Plus particulièrement, l'invention a pour but de proposer un système d'impression, notamment pour papiers-valeurs, qui puisse être incorporé dans des machines existantes de façon simple.More particularly, the object of the invention is to propose a printing system, particularly for securities, which can be incorporated into existing machines in a simple manner.

Un autre but de l'invention est de mettre à disposition un procédé d'impression particulier pour papiers-valeurs.Another object of the invention is to provide a particular printing process for securities.

Un but additionnel de l'invention est de proposer un élément de sécurité amélioré.An additional object of the invention is to provide an improved security element.

L'invention est définie par les caractéristiques des revendications.The invention is defined by the features of the claims.

Elle sera mieux comprise par la description de plusieurs modes d'exécution de celle-ci et en référence aux figures annexées dans lesquelles

  • la figure 1 montre une représentation schématique d'une machine d'impression sérigraphique,
  • la figure 2 montre un mode d'exécution d'un cylindre d'impression selon l'invention,
  • les figures 3A et 3B montrent deux variantes du mode d'exécution de la figure 2,
  • la figure 4 montre un schéma de principe de l'effet obtenu par l'invention,
  • les figures 4A et 4B montrent de façon schématique une première configuration d'orientation de pigments magnétiques à effet optique variable,
  • les figures 5A et 5B montrent de façon schématique une deuxième configuration d'orientation de pigments magnétiques à effet optique variable,
  • les figures 6A et 6B montrent de façon schématique une troisième configuration d'orientation de pigments magnétiques à effet optique variable,
It will be better understood by the description of several embodiments thereof and with reference to the appended figures in which
  • the figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a screen printing machine,
  • the figure 2 shows an embodiment of a printing cylinder according to the invention,
  • the Figures 3A and 3B show two variants of the execution mode of the figure 2 ,
  • the figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the effect obtained by the invention,
  • the Figures 4A and 4B show schematically a first orientation configuration of magnetic pigments with variable optical effect,
  • the Figures 5A and 5B show schematically a second orientation configuration of magnetic pigments with variable optical effect,
  • the Figures 6A and 6B show schematically a third orientation configuration of magnetic pigments with variable optical effect,

Une machine d'impression classique feuille à feuille est tout d'abord décrite en référence à la figure 1. Cette machine connue a été décrite en détail dans le brevet US 6,109,172 et son contenu concerne le principe de fonctionnement d'une machine d'impression sérigraphique. La machine comprend un magasin 1 contenant des feuilles à imprimer, un margeur 2 pour le transfert successif des feuilles le long du trajet 3 vers un cylindre de marge 4, un cylindre de transfert 5 pour amener les feuilles successives sur un cylindre d'impression 6, deux cylindres porte-tamis 7 et 8 avec des râcles et coopérant avec le cylindre d'impression 6 et un système de pinces à chaînes 9 qui transporte, une fois que l'impression a été effectuée, les feuilles vers les magasins 10 de sortie.A conventional sheet-fed printing machine is first described with reference to the figure 1 . This known machine has been described in detail in the patent US 6,109,172 and its content relates to the operating principle of a screen printing machine. The machine comprises a magazine 1 containing sheets to be printed, a feeder 2 for the successive transfer of the sheets along the path 3 to a margin cylinder 4, a transfer cylinder 5 for feeding the successive sheets onto a printing cylinder 6, two screen rolls 7 and 8 with rakes and cooperating with the printing cylinder 6 and a chain clamp system 9 which carries a Once the print has been made, the sheets to the 10 outlets.

La machine comportant deux cylindres porte-tamis 7 et 8 avec des râcles 55, 56, elle est capable de produire des impressions en sérigraphie en deux couleurs sur les feuilles successives. Sur le cylindre d'impression 6, les feuilles passent d'abord le premier cylindre porte-tamis 7 où une impression en sérigraphie en une première couleur est effectuée, puis elles passent le deuxième cylindre porte-tamis 8 où elles reçoivent une impression en sérigraphie dans une deuxième couleur. Cette deuxième impression peut se faire dans une zone différente de celle imprimée par le premier cylindre porte-tamis 7 ou dans la même zone. Dans ce dernier cas, il est nécessaire d'ajouter un système de séchage de l'encre déposée par le premier cylindre porte-tamis 7, par exemple des lampes UV ou un autre système équivalent.The machine having two screen rolls 7 and 8 with rakes 55, 56, it is capable of producing two-color screen printing on the successive sheets. On the printing cylinder 6, the sheets first pass the first screen cylinder 7 where a screen printing in a first color is performed, then they pass the second screen cylinder 8 where they receive a silk screen printing in a second color. This second printing can be done in a different area from that printed by the first screen cylinder 7 or in the same area. In the latter case, it is necessary to add a drying system of the ink deposited by the first screen cylinder 7, for example UV lamps or other equivalent system.

La figure 2 montre un cylindre d'impression 6 en coupe selon la présente invention dans la configuration de la figure 1, à savoir entouré par un cylindre d'alimentation, deux cylindres porte-tamis 7 et 8, un système de décharge 9, par exemple une chaîne à pinces, et un système de séchage 10, comme par exemple des lampes UV.The figure 2 shows a printing cylinder 6 in section according to the present invention in the configuration of the figure 1 , that is surrounded by a feed cylinder, two screen rolls 7 and 8, a discharge system 9, for example a clip chain, and a drying system 10, such as UV lamps.

Selon l'invention, le cylindre d'impression 6 comporte une pluralité d'aimants 12, 13 et 14 placés selon une répartition correspondant aux impressions sur les feuilles de substrat, chaque jeu d'aimants étant séparé par des encoches 15, 16, 17 dans le cylindre d'impression 6, dans lesquelles des pinces de retenue des feuilles sur le cylindre 6 sont disposées. Ces aimants peuvent être fixés par tout moyen approprié sur le cylindre, notamment par collage, vissage ou autre moyen équivalent.According to the invention, the impression cylinder 6 comprises a plurality of magnets 12, 13 and 14 placed in a distribution corresponding to the impressions on the sheets substrate, each set of magnets being separated by notches 15, 16, 17 in the impression cylinder 6, in which sheet-retaining clips on the cylinder 6 are arranged. These magnets can be fixed by any appropriate means on the cylinder, in particular by gluing, screwing or other equivalent means.

Selon une première variante de l'invention, les éléments magnétiques 59 (par exemple des aimants) ne sont pas placés directement dans le cylindre d'impression 6 mais dans un cylindre de décharge 57.According to a first variant of the invention, the magnetic elements 59 (for example magnets) are not placed directly in the impression cylinder 6 but in a discharge cylinder 57.

Selon une deuxième variante de l'invention les éléments magnétiques 60 (par exemple des aimants) sont placés dans un cylindre intermédiaire 58, qui est situé entre le cylindre de décharge et les lampes UV 10, dans le sens de déplacement du substrat.According to a second variant of the invention, the magnetic elements 60 (for example magnets) are placed in an intermediate cylinder 58, which is located between the discharge cylinder and the UV lamps 10, in the direction of displacement of the substrate.

Selon une autre variante, les aimants sont placés à la fois dans le cylindre d'impression 6 et/ou dans le cylindre de décharge 57 et/ou dans le cylindre intermédiaire 58.According to another variant, the magnets are placed both in the impression cylinder 6 and / or in the discharge cylinder 57 and / or in the intermediate cylinder 58.

L'intérêt des deux variantes est qu'elles permettent de maintenir un cylindre d'impression classique sans risquer de créer des bosses ou des creux dans les impressions en raison d'une surface inégale du cylindre d'impression 6.The advantage of both variants is that they maintain a conventional printing cylinder without the risk of creating bumps or dips in the print due to an uneven surface of the impression cylinder 6.

Dans les figures 3A et 3B, l'on a représenté schématiquement deux vues partielles d'un cylindre d'impression avec deux variantes d'aimants. Dans la première variante (figure 3A), le cylindre d'impression 6 comporte au moins une encoche 18 dans laquelle se trouve le système de pince 19 retenant le substrat 1 qui est imprimé.In the Figures 3A and 3B schematically, two partial views of a printing cylinder with two variants of magnets are shown schematically. In the first variant ( figure 3A ), the printing cylinder 6 has at least one notch 18 in which is the gripper system 19 holding the substrate 1 which is printed.

Le cylindre comprend de plus une deuxième encoche 20 dans laquelle sont placés des aimants 21, 22 selon une répartition correspondant à celle des impressions sur le substrat (non-représenté). Les aimants 21, 22 sont recouvert par une plaque 24 en matière non magnétique, par exemple de l'aluminium ou de l'inox. Dans cette variante, les aimants 21, 22 sont des aimants permanents.The cylinder further comprises a second notch 20 in which are placed magnets 21, 22 in a distribution corresponding to that of the impressions on the substrate (not shown). The magnets 21, 22 are covered by a plate 24 of non-magnetic material, for example aluminum or stainless steel. In this variant, the magnets 21, 22 are permanent magnets.

Dans la variante de la figure 3B, les éléments identiques sont référencés de la même façon que dans la figure 3A, et la différence est constituée par les moyens utilisés comme aimants. Dans cette variante, on utilise des bobinages 25, 26.In the variant of the figure 3B identical elements are referenced in the same way as in the figure 3A , and the difference is constituted by the means used as magnets. In this variant, windings 25, 26 are used.

Les principes exposés en référence aux figures 3A et 3B pour le cylindre d'impression 6 s'appliquent bien entendu de la même façon dans les variantes de l'invention indiquées ci-dessus, lorsque ce sont le cylindre de décharge 57 et/ou le cylindre intermédiaire 58 qui supportent les éléments magnétiques.The principles set out with reference to Figures 3A and 3B for the impression cylinder 6, of course, apply in the same way in the variants of the invention indicated above, when it is the discharge cylinder 57 and / or the intermediate cylinder 58 which support the magnetic elements.

Le principe utilisé dans la présente invention est montré de façon schématique à la figure 4. Dans cette figure on a représenté un substrat 27, par exemple une feuille de papier, sur lequel une impression en encre optiquement variable a été déposée. Le cylindre d'impression 6 comprend comme représenté un aimant permanent 28 qui crée les lignes de champ magnétique 29, 30 représentées dans cette figure. En outre, l'encre optiquement variable contenant des pigments magnétiques à effet optique variable, les lignes de champ magnétique 29, 30 vont orienter ces pigments selon les directions indiquées dans cette figure 4. Dans une zone centrale 31, les pigments vont être alignés verticalement alors que dans les zones latérales 32 et 33, les pigments vont prendre une configuration plus horizontale, comme représenté. Ainsi, en fonction de l'angle selon lequel l'impression sera considérée, la couleur apparente de l'impression changera et un changement d'orientation aura un résultat dynamique au niveau de l'impression avec des changements de couleur suivis dans l'impression.The principle used in the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. figure 4 . In this figure there is shown a substrate 27, for example a sheet of paper, on which an optically variable ink printing has been deposited. The impression cylinder 6 comprises as shown a permanent magnet 28 which creates the magnetic field lines 29, 30 shown in this figure. In addition, the optically variable ink containing magnetic pigments with variable optical effect, the magnetic field lines 29, 30 will orient these pigments according to the directions indicated in this document. figure 4 . In a central zone 31, the pigments will be aligned vertically while in the lateral zones 32 and 33, the pigments will assume a more horizontal configuration, as shown. Thus, depending on the angle at which the print will be viewed, the apparent color of the print will change and a change of orientation will have a dynamic print result with color changes followed in the print. .

L'un des avantages du système selon l'invention est que comme la feuille est statique par rapport aux aimants, l'on évite le problème évoqué ci-dessus lié au sens habituel de déplacement des feuilles par rapport au sens dans lequel l'on veut créer l'effet optique. L'on peut maintenant créer cet effet sans changement de directions de déplacement des feuilles successives, voire sur une même feuille, créer des éléments de sécurité avec des effets optiques dans des directions différentes (perpendiculaires ou non) sans influence sur la direction de déplacement des feuilles successives ni nécessité d'effectuer des impressions successives avec de l'encre optiquement variable.One of the advantages of the system according to the invention is that since the sheet is static with respect to the magnets, it avoids the problem mentioned above related to the usual direction of movement of the sheets in relation to the direction in which one wants to create the optical effect. We can now create this effect without changing directions of movement of successive sheets, even on the same sheet, create security elements with optical effects in different directions (perpendicular or otherwise) without influence on the direction of movement of successive sheets or need to perform successive impressions with optically variable ink.

Les figures 4A et 4B montrent un premier effet optique qu'il est possible d'obtenir avec la machine selon l'invention. Dans la figure 4A, une impression 40 en encre contenant des pigments magnétiques à effet optique variable forme le chiffre "100". Afin de représenter de façon correcte l'effet obtenu, cette impression 40 a sa moitié supérieure plus claire et sa moitié inférieure plus foncée.The Figures 4A and 4B show a first optical effect that can be obtained with the machine according to the invention. In the Figure 4A an ink imprint 40 containing magnetic pigments having a variable optical effect forms the number "100". In order to correctly represent the effect obtained, this impression 40 has its upper half lighter and its lower half darker.

L'impression 41 de la figure 4A représente la même impression que l'impression 40 mais ayant subit une rotation autour de l'axe X de façon à varier l'angle de considération de l'impression. Dans cette position, c'est maintenant la moitié inférieure qui est plus claire et la moitié supérieure qui est plus foncée.Printing 41 of the Figure 4A is the same impression as the print 40 but has been rotated about the X axis so as to vary the angle of consideration of the print. In this position, it is now the lower half is lighter and the upper half is darker.

Pour obtenir cet effet, les pigments sont orientés au moyen d'un aimant comme dans la coupe A-A représentée à la figure 4B, c'est-à-dire approximativement à 45° dans la partie gauche 42 et approximativement à 135° dans la partie de droite 43.To obtain this effect, the pigments are oriented by means of a magnet as in the section AA shown in FIG. Figure 4B that is, approximately 45 ° in the left-hand portion 42 and approximately 135 ° in the right-hand portion 43.

Ainsi, par des rotations dans deux directions autour de l'axe X, on obtient une variation déterminée des couleurs des deux moitiés de l'impression qui résulte dans un effet optique dynamique, impossible à copier avec des moyens classiques tels que scanners ou photocopieurs.Thus, by rotations in two directions around the X axis, a determined variation of the colors of the two halves of the printing is obtained which results in a dynamic optical effect, impossible to copy with conventional means such as scanners or photocopiers.

Un deuxième effet optique que l'on peut créer avec l'invention est décrit en référence aux figures 5A et 5B. L'impression 44 forme le chiffre "100" et elle comporte une zone plus claire sur sa partie supérieure. En faisant tourner l'impression autour de l'axe X, la zone claire se déplace alors dans l'impression, comme montré dans les impressions 45 et 46 pour passer dans la partie centrale de l'impression (impression 45) et dans la partie inférieure de celle-ci (impression 46).A second optical effect that can be created with the invention is described with reference to Figures 5A and 5B . The print 44 forms the number "100" and has a lighter area on its upper part. By rotating the printing around the X axis, the bright area then moves into the print, as shown in prints 45 and 46 to pass through the middle part of the print (print 45) and into the part bottom of it (print 46).

Cet effet optique est obtenu par l'orientation des pigments telle que représentée dans la figure 5B qui correspond à la coupe B-B de la figure 5A. Comme représenté (de la gauche vers la droite), les pigments ont d'abord une orientation quasi verticale (zone 47), puis progressivement arrivent à une orientation horizontale (zone 48) et finalement reprennent une orientation pratiquement verticale (zone 49).This optical effect is obtained by the orientation of the pigments as represented in FIG. Figure 5B which corresponds to the BB cup of the Figure 5A . As shown (from left to right), the pigments initially have an almost vertical orientation (zone 47), then gradually arrive at a horizontal orientation (zone 48) and finally resume a substantially vertical orientation (zone 49).

Ainsi, par des rotations dans deux directions autour de l'axe X, on obtient l'effet visuel d'un déplacement d'une zone claire à l'intérieur de l'impression qui résulte dans un effet optique dynamique, impossible à copier par photocopie ou scannage.Thus, by rotations in two directions about the X axis, we obtain the visual effect of a displacement of a light area inside the printing which results in a dynamic optical effect, impossible to copy by photocopying or scanning.

Un troisième effet optique est représenté dans les figures 6A et 6B. Cet effet est obtenu par deux impressions superposées créées avec la même encre optiquement variable. Lorsque l'impression est vue perpendiculairement (impression 50), l'impression est brillante et le fond est mat. Si l'impression est tournée dans n'importe quelle direction, il y a alors une inversion des zones brillantes et mates (impression 51). De plus, si l'on change l'orientation latéralement (impression 52), on obtient en plus une variation de couleur.A third optical effect is represented in the Figures 6A and 6B . This effect is obtained by two superimposed impressions created with the same optically variable ink. When the print is viewed perpendicularly (print 50), the print is bright and the background is matte. If the print is rotated in any direction, then there is a reversal of the bright and dull areas (print 51). In addition, if one changes the orientation laterally (impression 52), one obtains in addition a variation of color.

Ces effets optiques sont obtenus par les impressions représentées dans la coupe C-C de la figure 6B dans laquelle on a une première couche 53 avec des pigments orientés dans une première direction et une deuxième couche 54, avec des pigments orientés dans une deuxième direction, les deux directions étant différentes. Ces couches sont déposées successivement sur le substrat et la première couche 53 doit être séchée avant que la deuxième ne soit déposée, afin de maintenir l'orientation des pigments dans ladite première couche.These optical effects are obtained by the impressions represented in the section CC of the Figure 6B in which there is a first layer 53 with pigments oriented in a first direction and a second layer 54, with pigments oriented in a second direction, the two directions being different. These layers are deposited successively on the substrate and the first layer 53 must be dried before the second layer is deposited, in order to maintain the orientation of the pigments in said first layer.

L'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes d'exécution décrits mais des variations sont possibles dans le cadre de la protection revendiquée. Par exemple, le tamis peut être porté par un cylindre (comme dans la machine des figures 1 et 2) ou peut aussi être plan.The invention is not limited to the embodiments described but variations are possible within the scope of the claimed protection. For example, the sieve can be carried by a cylinder (as in the machine of figures 1 and 2 ) or can also be plane.

Différents types d'encre sont également possibles, du moment qu'elles contiennent des pigments orientables magnétiquement.Different types of ink are also possible, as long as they contain magnetically steerable pigments.

Claims (18)

  1. Printing machine for printing a substrate (1) in the form of a sheet or continuous web, comprising:
    - at least one transfer system (5) for conveying the substrate (1) onto an impression cylinder (6),
    - at least one screen (7, 8) of cylindrical or flat shape equipped with a doctor blade (55, 56), the screen cooperating with the impression cylinder (6) and being intended to perform a screen-printing operation on the substrate with an ink containing pigments that can be orientated by a magnetic field, and
    - an unloading system (9) for carrying the substrate (1) away after the printing operation,
    characterized in that said impression cylinder comprises at least one magnetic element (12, 13, 14), said magnetic element being placed on said impression cylinder (6) at a location corresponding to said impression performed on said substrate by said screen (7, 8) so as to create a magnetic field intended to orientate the pigments contained in the ink of the impression performed by said screen (7, 8).
  2. Printing machine according to claim 1, wherein the substrate (1) receives a plurality of impressions arranged in the form of a matrix and wherein the impression cylinder comprises a plurality of magnetic elements (12, 13, 14) arranged in a corresponding matrix form.
  3. Printing machine for printing a substrate (1) in the form of a sheet or continuous web, comprising:
    - at least one transfer system (5) for conveying the substrate (1) onto an impression cylinder (6),
    - at least one screen (7, 8) of cylindrical or flat shape equipped with a doctor blade (55, 56), the screen collaborating with the impression cylinder (6) and being intended to perform a screen-printing operation on the substrate with an ink containing pigments that can be orientated by a magnetic field, and
    - an unloading system (9) for carrying the substrate (1) away after the printing operation,
    characterized in that the unloading system comprises a cylinder (57, 58) having at least one magnetic element (59, 60), said magnetic element being placed on said cylinder (57, 58) at a location corresponding to said impression performed on the substrate (1) by said screen (7, 8) so as to create a magnetic field intended to orientate the pigments contained in the ink of the impression performed by said screen (7, 8).
  4. Printing machine according to claim 3, wherein said cylinder is an unloading cylinder (57).
  5. Printing machine according to claim 3, wherein said cylinder is an intermediate cylinder (58).
  6. Printing machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said magnetic element or elements (12, 13, 14, 59, 60) create a magnetic field in a predetermined direction.
  7. Printing machine according to claim 6, wherein said magnetic element or elements are orientated in a direction parallel and/or perpendicular to the direction of travel of the substrate.
  8. Cylinder (6, 57, 58) for printing or transferring a substrate (1) in the form of a sheet or continuous web, said substrate being intended to receive at least one screen-printed impression with an ink containing pigments that can be orientated by a magnetic field, characterized in that it comprises at least one magnetic element (12, 13, 14, 59, 60) placed on the cylinder (6, 57, 58) to orientate the pigments of said ink, and wherein said at least one magnetic element (12, 13, 14, 59, 60) is covered by a sheet (24) of nonmagnetic material.
  9. Cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that said sheet (24) is made of aluminium or of stainless steel.
  10. Cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of magnetic elements (12, 13, 14) arranged in a matrix form.
  11. Printing machine according to either of claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the impression cylinder (6) or the cylinder of the unloading system (57, 58) is a cylinder as defined in claim 8, 9 or 10.
  12. Method for screen-printing a substrate in the form of a sheet or of a web in which an impression is formed using an ink containing magnetic pigments, said impression being formed by passing said substrate in contact with an impression cylinder (6) with which there collaborates at least one screen (7, 8) of cylindrical or flat shape equipped with a doctor blade (55, 56) for screen-printing said ink, characterized in that said impression is subjected to a magnetic field before it dries so as to orientate said pigments, said magnetic field needed for orientating said pigments being produced by means of a cylinder bearing at least one magnetic element placed on the cylinder.
  13. Printing method according to claim 12, wherein the magnetic field orientates the pigments in a predetermined direction.
  14. Printing method according to claim 13, wherein the pigments are orientated parallel and/or perpendicular to the direction of travel of the substrate.
  15. Printing method according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a first impression is formed on the substrate using an ink with varying optical effect, said impression is subjected to a first magnetic field orientating the pigments in a first direction, said first impression is dried, a second impression is formed on the first impression using an ink with varying optical effect, said second impression is subjected to a second magnetic field orientating the pigments in a second direction, and said second impression is dried.
  16. Method according to claim 15, wherein the first direction and the second direction are different.
  17. Method according to one of claims 12 to 16, wherein said impression comprises a plurality of individual impressions arranged in matrix form.
  18. Method according to claim 17, characterized in that a corresponding magnetic field is produced for each of said individual impressions.
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