EP1630927A2 - Vehicle-mounted power supply system - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted power supply system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1630927A2 EP1630927A2 EP05016323A EP05016323A EP1630927A2 EP 1630927 A2 EP1630927 A2 EP 1630927A2 EP 05016323 A EP05016323 A EP 05016323A EP 05016323 A EP05016323 A EP 05016323A EP 1630927 A2 EP1630927 A2 EP 1630927A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- charge
- storage battery
- state
- power converter
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 101100152731 Arabidopsis thaliana TH2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/12—Buck converters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/421—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
- B60L2240/441—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted power supply system capable of efficiently monitoring the state of charge of a rechargeable storage battery when the vehicle is parked.
- a vehicle-mounted rechargeable storage battery is monitored in a number of ways.
- the initial remaining capacity of the battery is calculated from its voltage-current characteristic and subsequently the charge/ discharge current of the battery is integrated to determine its remaining capacity, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2910184.
- Another known method when the automotive generator is not operating when the vehicle is parked, the voltage of the battery is monitored and its charge-discharge current is integrated. The remaining capacity of the battery is calculated from the monitored voltage and the integrated current value, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-68369.
- a vehicle-mounted power supply system which comprises a first storage battery, an automotive generator for generating electrical energy and charging the first storage battery with the generated electrical energy, a second storage battery connected to an electrical load, a power converter for supplying electric energy from the first storage battery to the second storage battery, and a controller.
- the controller sets the power converter in a sleep mode when the vehicle engine is stopped, periodically detects the voltage of the second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during the sleep mode of the power converter if current of the second storage battery is within a predetermined range, estimates a state of charge of the second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and sets the power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- the pseudo-open circuit voltage is detected if the current is within the range of ⁇ 1 ampere.
- the controller maintains data describing a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein the controller is configured to estimate the state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresponding to the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- a temperature sensor is preferably provided for detecting a temperature of the second storage battery.
- the controller maintains a plurality of correlation data corresponding to different temperatures of the second storage battery.
- Each correlation data describes a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values.
- the controller selects one of the correlation data corresponding to the detected temperature of the second storage battery and estimates the state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresonding to the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- the present invention provides a method of operating a vehicle-mounted power supply system which comprises a first storage battery, an automotive generator driven by an engine for generating electrical energy and charging the first storage battery with the generated electrical energy, a second storage battery connected to an electrical load, and a power converter for supplying electric energy from the first storage battery to the second storage battery, the method comprising the steps of (a) setting the power converter in a sleep mode when the engine is stopped, (b) periodically detecting the voltage of the second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during the sleep mode if current of the second storage battery is within a predetermined range, and (c) estimating a state of charge of the second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and setting the power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- a vehicle-mounted power supply system of the present invention is illustrated.
- the power supply system comprises two lead-acid batteries 1 and 2.
- Battery 2 supplies a current to a load circuit 4 and the battery 1 is charged by an automotive generator 5 to a rated voltage higher than the rated voltage of battery 2.
- Connected between the batteries 1 and 2 is a power converter 3 that performs one-way power conversion from the rated value of battery 1 to that of battery 2.
- a voltage regulator 6 controls the output voltage of the automotive generator 5 at a substantially constant level by regulating its field coil current according to a control signal supplied from a controller or monitoring unit 7.
- a current sensor 8 is provided for detecting a charge current from the DC-DC converter 3 to the battery 2 and a discharge current from the battery 2 to the load circuit 4.
- Automotive generator 5 provides conversion of the mechanical energy of the vehicle engine to electrical energy with which it charges the battery 1.
- Monitoring circuit 7 monitors the current sensor 8, the battery 2 and the load circuit 4 and controls the voltage regulator 6 and the DC-DC converter 3 with the monitored current and voltage of the battery 2 and the amount of load on the vehicle.
- DC-DC converter 3 comprises a switching transistor 31, a flywheel diode 32, an inductor 33, a smoothing capacitor 34, and a control circuit 35.
- Switching transistor 31 has its drain connected to the input terminal 40 of the DC-DC converter 3 and its source connected to one terminal of the inductor 33 and further connected to ground through the diode 32.
- the other terminal of inductor 33 is connected to the output terminal 41 of the DC-DC converter 3 and further connected to ground through the smoothing capacitor 34.
- Control circuit 35 is connected between the output terminal 41 and the gate electrode of switching transistor 31 to turn it on and off according to the voltage developed at the output terminal 41.
- the switching transistor 31 is turned on and off at a predetermined frequency in the range between several tens of Hz and 100 kHz to generate oscillations across the inductor 33.
- a current flows through the capacitor 34 and the diode 32.
- the current which would otherwise flow in the opposite direction during the next half-cycle is blocked by the diode 32.
- a DC voltage develops across the capacitor 34.
- the control circuit 35 regulates the width, or duty ratio of the pulses supplied to the switching transistor 31 in such a way that the voltage difference is reduced substantially to zero.
- the control circuit 35 is also responsive to a control signal from the monitoring circuit 7 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a "run” or “sleep” mode depending on the state of charge of the battery 2.
- the voltage at the output of DC-DC converter 3 is feed-back controlled by regulating the duty ratio of the drive pulses of switching power transistor 31.
- the feed-back control of DC-DC converter 3 is disabled to allow its output voltage to vary with the voltage of the battery 2.
- the present invention is based on a result of experiments indicating that, when the charge / discharge current of a lead-acid battery is of significantly small value, the battery is in a condition that can be considered as an open circuit.
- the battery voltage under such open-circuit conditions can be treated as a pseudo-open circuit voltage (or pseudo-OCV), which is substantially equal to the open circuit voltage (OCV).
- pseudo-OCV open circuit voltage
- Fig. 3 shows the graphic representation of the correlation between the pseudo-OCV and the state of charge (SOC) of lead-acid battery 2.
- the SOC of the battery 2 is proportional to its pseudo-OCV so that the latter increases linearly with the state of charge of the battery 2.
- the SOC of the lead-acid battery 2 can be determined.
- this linear correlation is valid when the charge/discharge current of the battery 2 is in the range between ⁇ 1 ampere and further indicate that the correlation of Fig. 3 varies with the operating temperature of the battery 2.
- a temperature sensor 9 is provided for detecting the operating temperature of the battery 2 and supplies a temperature-indicating signal to the monitoring circuit 7.
- Monitoring circuit 7 has a plurality of operating patterns respectively corresponding to different temperatures of the battery 2 and selects one of the operating patters in response to the output of the temperature sensor 9.
- the monitoring unit 7 controls the operation of DC-DC converter 3 in a "sleep" mode or a "run” mode. As described later, when the vehicle is parked, the monitoring unit 7 starts a timer to begin a timing operation.
- the monitoring unit 7 performs estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 2 by reading it from a graph describing the correlation between a plurality of SOC values and a corresponding number of pseudo-open circuit voltages and compares the estimated value with a reference value of SOC. If the estimated SOC is lower than the reference value, the monitoring unit 7 sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a "run" mode to charge the battery 2 and integrates the charge current of the battery 2 over time. The time-integrated charge current is divided by the rated capacity of the battery 2 to calculate the SOC value. The run mode continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds a reference value that is higher than the first reference value. At the end of the run mode, the estimated SOC is updated with the calculated value of SOC.
- SOC state of charge
- the operation of monitoring unit 7 proceeds, starting with step 100 where it checks to see if the vehicle engine is stopped. If so, flow proceeds to step 101 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a sleep mode and then start a timer at step 102. At regular intervals T (where T is several hours), the timer produces an SOC estimate-timing signal. At step 103, the monitoring unit 7 checks to see if estimate timing occurs. If this is the case, flow proceeds to step 104 to determine whether the charge/ discharge current detected by the current sensor 8 is within the range of ⁇ 1 ampere. If the decision is affirmative, flow proceeds from step 104 to step 105 to make a decision whether the SOC of battery 2 is lower than a lower threshold level TH-1.
- step 104 If the detected current value is outside the permissible range of ⁇ 1 ampere, flow proceeds from decision step 104 to the end of the routine. If not, flow proceeds to step 106 to detect the voltage (i.e., pseudo OCV) of the battery 2 and read an SOC value from the correlation graph of Fig. 3 corresponding to the detected pseudo-OCV of the battery 2. Flow proceeds to step 107 to check to see if the engine is started. If the engine is started, the monitoring unit 7 terminates the routine. If the vehicle engine is not yet started, flow returns from step 107 to step 103 to repeat the process.
- step 106 to detect the voltage (i.e., pseudo OCV) of the battery 2 and read an SOC value from the correlation graph of Fig. 3 corresponding to the detected pseudo-OCV of the battery 2.
- step 107 to check to see if the engine is started. If the engine is started, the monitoring unit 7 terminates the routine. If the vehicle engine is not yet started, flow returns from step 107 to step 103 to repeat the process
- step 105 the decision at step 105 is affirmative and flow proceeds to step 109 to set the DC-DC converter 3 and the voltage regulator 6 in a run mode in which they are activated for charging the battery 2 with the automotive generator 5.
- the monitoring unit 7 integrates the charge current of the battery 2, calculates the SOC value and compares it with a higher threshold TH-2 (step 110). The run mode continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds the threshold TH-2 at step 111. Therefore, the DC-DC converter 3 and the voltage regulator 6 are deactivated into a sleep mode again (step 112).
- step 113 the estimated SOC value is updated with the calculated SOC value and flow proceeds to step 107.
- step 108 When the decision at step 103 is negative, flow proceeds to step 108. If the amount of electric load is increased for some reason while the vehicle is parked, the monitoring unit 7 detects this abnormal condition and makes an affirmative decision at step 108 and proceeds to step 109 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode.
- the monitoring unit 7 starts a timer to begin a timing operation (step 102). At intervals of several hours, the monitoring unit 7 performs estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of the battery 2 at times t 2 and t 3 (step 103).
- SOC state of charge
- the monitoring unit 7 estimates the SOC of the battery 2 by reading the voltage of battery 2 as a pseudo-open circuit voltage (pseudo-OCV) and reading a corresponding battery state of charge (SOC) from the correlation graph of Fig. 3 (step 106).
- pseudo-OCV pseudo-open circuit voltage
- SOC battery state of charge
- the monitoring unit 7 detects this below-threshold condition at time t 4 (step 105) and sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode for charging the battery 2 (step 109). This charging operation continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds the higher threshold TH-2 (step 111). During the time the battery 2 is charged, the current detected by the current sensor 8 is integrated and an SOC value is calculated using the integrated current value (step 110). The SOC value estimated at time t 4 is updated with the calculated SOC value at the end of the run mode. At time t 5 , the SOC is again estimated by the monitoring unit 7 at step 106 to renew the previous value.
- the monitoring unit 7 sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode to charge the battery 2 (step 109). During this run mode, the monitoring unit 7 integrates the current of the battery 2 and calculates an SOC value (step 110) and updates the estimated SOC with the calculated SOC value at time t 7 (step 113). In this manner, the state of charge of the battery 2 is monitored with precision, while keeping its dark current at a minimum. Battery 2 is charged to keep its state of charge (charge rate) from dropping to an unacceptable level with no mechanical to electrical power conversion.
- the monitoring of the state of charge of the battery 2 is performed with increased precision by incorporating the temperature of the battery 2 detected by the temperature sensor 9.
- the monitoring unit 7 is provided with a plurality of conversion tables corresponding to different temperatures of the battery 2.
- Each conversion table describes a correlation between a plurality of SOC values and a corresponding number of pseudo-open circuit voltages at a particular temperature of the battery 2 as shown in Fig 3.
- the monitoring unit 7 selects one of the tables corresponding to the detected battery temperature and proceeds to select an SOC value corresponding to the voltage of the battery 2 as an estimated SOC.
- the DC-DC converter 3 Since the DC-DC converter 3 is operated in a unidirectional (high-to-low) conversion mode by setting the rated voltage of battery 1 higher than that of battery 2, it can be implemented with low-cost simple circuitry.
- Fig. 6 shows another example of the DC-DC converter 3.
- a power transistor 36 is provided to operate in a non-saturated mode to serve as a variable resistance between input and output terminals 42 and 43 to which the batteries 1 and 2 are respectively connected.
- An operational amplifier 38 drives the gate of the power transistor 36 according to a voltage difference between a DC source 39 of reference voltage and a voltage divider 37 connected to the input terminal 42. Due to the absence of switching noise as in the case of the example shown in Fig. 2, this type of DC-DC converter is favorable in terms of electromagnetic compatibility and reduced size.
- Fig. 7 is a modification of the flowchart of Fig. 4.
- additional steps 201 and 202 are provided between decision step 108 and operations step 109.
- the decision at step 108 is affirmative and flow proceeds to step 201 to integrate the discharge current and calculate an SOC value using the integrated current value.
- the calculated SOC value is then compared with the threshold TH-1 at step 202.
- Steps 201 and 202 are repeated until the calculated SOC falls below the threshold TH-1.
- flow proceeds to step 109 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode for charging the battery 2. In this way, the vehicle-mounted battery 2 is prevented from being excessively discharged due to an increase in the electric load when the vehicle is parked.
- a lithium battery may also be used instead.
- a lithium battery has a lower internal resistance, which allows it to be quickly charged by the automotive generator with low energy loss following engine acceleration.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
- Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This application is based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-241776 filed August 23, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted power supply system capable of efficiently monitoring the state of charge of a rechargeable storage battery when the vehicle is parked.
- A vehicle-mounted rechargeable storage battery is monitored in a number of ways. In one method, when the engine is started the initial remaining capacity of the battery is calculated from its voltage-current characteristic and subsequently the charge/ discharge current of the battery is integrated to determine its remaining capacity, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2910184. Another known method, when the automotive generator is not operating when the vehicle is parked, the voltage of the battery is monitored and its charge-discharge current is integrated. The remaining capacity of the battery is calculated from the monitored voltage and the integrated current value, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-68369.
- However, in the known methods current sensor and electronic monitoring circuitry need to operate at all times to monitor the battery even though the automotive generator is not working. Under such conditions, the current drained from the current sensor and monitoring circuitry represents the dark current of the battery and dissipates its storage power. As a result, no practical systems have been developed so far that are capable of monitoring the vehicle-mounted storage battery when the engine is stopped. Thus, prolonged parking of a vehicle could result in a storage battery having almost discharged its energy with no remaining power to restart the engine.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle-mounted power supply system capable of monitoring a storage battery by keeping its dark current at a minimum.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle-mounted power supply system which comprises a first storage battery, an automotive generator for generating electrical energy and charging the first storage battery with the generated electrical energy, a second storage battery connected to an electrical load, a power converter for supplying electric energy from the first storage battery to the second storage battery, and a controller. The controller, or battery-monitoring unit, sets the power converter in a sleep mode when the vehicle engine is stopped, periodically detects the voltage of the second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during the sleep mode of the power converter if current of the second storage battery is within a predetermined range, estimates a state of charge of the second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and sets the power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- Preferably, the pseudo-open circuit voltage is detected if the current is within the range of ± 1 ampere.
- Preferably, the controller maintains data describing a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein the controller is configured to estimate the state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresponding to the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- Furthermore, a temperature sensor is preferably provided for detecting a temperature of the second storage battery. The controller maintains a plurality of correlation data corresponding to different temperatures of the second storage battery. Each correlation data describes a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values. The controller selects one of the correlation data corresponding to the detected temperature of the second storage battery and estimates the state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresonding to the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- According to a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of operating a vehicle-mounted power supply system which comprises a first storage battery, an automotive generator driven by an engine for generating electrical energy and charging the first storage battery with the generated electrical energy, a second storage battery connected to an electrical load, and a power converter for supplying electric energy from the first storage battery to the second storage battery, the method comprising the steps of (a) setting the power converter in a sleep mode when the engine is stopped, (b) periodically detecting the voltage of the second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during the sleep mode if current of the second storage battery is within a predetermined range, and (c) estimating a state of charge of the second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and setting the power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted power supply system of the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of one example of the DC-DC converter;
- Fig. 3 is a graphic representation of the linear correlation between the pseudo-open circuit voltage of a lead-acid battery and its state of charge;
- Fig. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the monitoring unit of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 5 is a timing diagram for describing the operation of the power supply system;
- Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of another example of the DC-DC converter; and
- Fig 7 is a flowchart of the operation of the monitoring unit according to a modified embodiment of the present invention.
- In Fig. 1, a vehicle-mounted power supply system of the present invention is illustrated. The power supply system comprises two lead-
acid batteries Battery 2 supplies a current to aload circuit 4 and thebattery 1 is charged by anautomotive generator 5 to a rated voltage higher than the rated voltage ofbattery 2. Connected between thebatteries power converter 3 that performs one-way power conversion from the rated value ofbattery 1 to that ofbattery 2. Avoltage regulator 6 controls the output voltage of theautomotive generator 5 at a substantially constant level by regulating its field coil current according to a control signal supplied from a controller ormonitoring unit 7. Acurrent sensor 8 is provided for detecting a charge current from the DC-DC converter 3 to thebattery 2 and a discharge current from thebattery 2 to theload circuit 4. Automotivegenerator 5 provides conversion of the mechanical energy of the vehicle engine to electrical energy with which it charges thebattery 1.Monitoring circuit 7 monitors thecurrent sensor 8, thebattery 2 and theload circuit 4 and controls thevoltage regulator 6 and the DC-DC converter 3 with the monitored current and voltage of thebattery 2 and the amount of load on the vehicle. - One example of the
power converter 3 is a DC-DC converter as shown in Fig. 2. DC-DC converter 3 comprises aswitching transistor 31, aflywheel diode 32, aninductor 33, asmoothing capacitor 34, and acontrol circuit 35.Switching transistor 31 has its drain connected to theinput terminal 40 of the DC-DC converter 3 and its source connected to one terminal of theinductor 33 and further connected to ground through thediode 32. The other terminal ofinductor 33 is connected to theoutput terminal 41 of the DC-DC converter 3 and further connected to ground through thesmoothing capacitor 34.Control circuit 35 is connected between theoutput terminal 41 and the gate electrode ofswitching transistor 31 to turn it on and off according to the voltage developed at theoutput terminal 41. Specifically, theswitching transistor 31 is turned on and off at a predetermined frequency in the range between several tens of Hz and 100 kHz to generate oscillations across theinductor 33. During a half-cycle of each oscillation, a current flows through thecapacitor 34 and thediode 32. The current which would otherwise flow in the opposite direction during the next half-cycle is blocked by thediode 32. Thus, a DC voltage develops across thecapacitor 34. Depending on the difference between the voltage developed on thecapacitor 34 and a reference voltage, thecontrol circuit 35 regulates the width, or duty ratio of the pulses supplied to theswitching transistor 31 in such a way that the voltage difference is reduced substantially to zero. In this manner, the voltage at theoutput terminal 41 of the DC-DC converter 3 is maintained at a constant level. Thecontrol circuit 35 is also responsive to a control signal from themonitoring circuit 7 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a "run" or "sleep" mode depending on the state of charge of thebattery 2. - Therefore, during the run mode, the voltage at the output of DC-
DC converter 3 is feed-back controlled by regulating the duty ratio of the drive pulses of switchingpower transistor 31. During the sleep mode, the feed-back control of DC-DC converter 3 is disabled to allow its output voltage to vary with the voltage of thebattery 2. - It is known that in the electrochemical characteristic of a lead-acid battery a linear correlation does exist between its open-circuit voltage and its state of charge. Therefore, by measuring the open-circuit voltage, the state of charge of the lead-acid battery can be determined. However, in the case of a vehicle-mounted lead-
acid battery 2, it is usually difficult to set thebattery 2 in an open-circuit condition when the vehicle is parked. For this reason, the present invention is based on a result of experiments indicating that, when the charge / discharge current of a lead-acid battery is of significantly small value, the battery is in a condition that can be considered as an open circuit. Therefore, the battery voltage under such open-circuit conditions can be treated as a pseudo-open circuit voltage (or pseudo-OCV), which is substantially equal to the open circuit voltage (OCV). By using the pseudo-open circuit voltage, the state of charge of the lead-acid battery 2 can be determined. - Fig. 3 shows the graphic representation of the correlation between the pseudo-OCV and the state of charge (SOC) of lead-
acid battery 2. As illustrated, the SOC of thebattery 2 is proportional to its pseudo-OCV so that the latter increases linearly with the state of charge of thebattery 2. As a result, by measuring the pseudo-OCV, the SOC of the lead-acid battery 2 can be determined. Experiments indicate that this linear correlation is valid when the charge/discharge current of thebattery 2 is in the range between ± 1 ampere and further indicate that the correlation of Fig. 3 varies with the operating temperature of thebattery 2. For this reason, atemperature sensor 9 is provided for detecting the operating temperature of thebattery 2 and supplies a temperature-indicating signal to themonitoring circuit 7.Monitoring circuit 7 has a plurality of operating patterns respectively corresponding to different temperatures of thebattery 2 and selects one of the operating patters in response to the output of thetemperature sensor 9. By monitoring the state of charge ofbattery 2 represented by thecurrent sensor 8 and the operating state of the vehicle as indicated by theload circuit 4, themonitoring unit 7 controls the operation of DC-DC converter 3 in a "sleep" mode or a "run" mode. As described later, when the vehicle is parked, themonitoring unit 7 starts a timer to begin a timing operation. - At regular intervals, the
monitoring unit 7 performs estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of thebattery 2 by reading it from a graph describing the correlation between a plurality of SOC values and a corresponding number of pseudo-open circuit voltages and compares the estimated value with a reference value of SOC. If the estimated SOC is lower than the reference value, themonitoring unit 7 sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a "run" mode to charge thebattery 2 and integrates the charge current of thebattery 2 over time. The time-integrated charge current is divided by the rated capacity of thebattery 2 to calculate the SOC value. The run mode continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds a reference value that is higher than the first reference value. At the end of the run mode, the estimated SOC is updated with the calculated value of SOC. - According to the flowchart of Fig. 4, the operation of
monitoring unit 7 proceeds, starting withstep 100 where it checks to see if the vehicle engine is stopped. If so, flow proceeds to step 101 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a sleep mode and then start a timer atstep 102. At regular intervals T (where T is several hours), the timer produces an SOC estimate-timing signal. Atstep 103, themonitoring unit 7 checks to see if estimate timing occurs. If this is the case, flow proceeds to step 104 to determine whether the charge/ discharge current detected by thecurrent sensor 8 is within the range of ± 1 ampere. If the decision is affirmative, flow proceeds fromstep 104 to step 105 to make a decision whether the SOC ofbattery 2 is lower than a lower threshold level TH-1. If the detected current value is outside the permissible range of ± 1 ampere, flow proceeds fromdecision step 104 to the end of the routine. If not, flow proceeds to step 106 to detect the voltage (i.e., pseudo OCV) of thebattery 2 and read an SOC value from the correlation graph of Fig. 3 corresponding to the detected pseudo-OCV of thebattery 2. Flow proceeds to step 107 to check to see if the engine is started. If the engine is started, themonitoring unit 7 terminates the routine. If the vehicle engine is not yet started, flow returns fromstep 107 to step 103 to repeat the process. - Note that the
voltage regulator 6 is inactive and the DC-DC converter 3 is set in a sleep mode when the vehicle is parked. If the estimated SOC value becomes lower than the threshold TH-1, the decision atstep 105 is affirmative and flow proceeds to step 109 to set the DC-DC converter 3 and thevoltage regulator 6 in a run mode in which they are activated for charging thebattery 2 with theautomotive generator 5. During this run mode, themonitoring unit 7 integrates the charge current of thebattery 2, calculates the SOC value and compares it with a higher threshold TH-2 (step 110). The run mode continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds the threshold TH-2 atstep 111. Therefore, the DC-DC converter 3 and thevoltage regulator 6 are deactivated into a sleep mode again (step 112). Atstep 113, the estimated SOC value is updated with the calculated SOC value and flow proceeds to step 107. - When the decision at
step 103 is negative, flow proceeds to step 108. If the amount of electric load is increased for some reason while the vehicle is parked, themonitoring unit 7 detects this abnormal condition and makes an affirmative decision atstep 108 and proceeds to step 109 to set the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode. - The following is a description of one example of the operation of the
monitoring unit 7 with reference to a timing diagram shown in Fig. 5. When the vehicle engine is stopped and the key switch is turned off at time t1, themonitoring unit 7 starts a timer to begin a timing operation (step 102). At intervals of several hours, themonitoring unit 7 performs estimation of the state of charge (SOC) of thebattery 2 at times t2 and t3 (step 103). If the current detected by thecurrent sensor 8 lies within the range of ± 1 ampere and the SOC is above the lower threshold-1 (steps 104, 105), themonitoring unit 7 estimates the SOC of thebattery 2 by reading the voltage ofbattery 2 as a pseudo-open circuit voltage (pseudo-OCV) and reading a corresponding battery state of charge (SOC) from the correlation graph of Fig. 3 (step 106). - Assume that the SOC falls below the lower threshold-1 during the period between times t3 and t4, the
monitoring unit 7 detects this below-threshold condition at time t4 (step 105) and sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode for charging the battery 2 (step 109). This charging operation continues until the calculated SOC value exceeds the higher threshold TH-2 (step 111). During the time thebattery 2 is charged, the current detected by thecurrent sensor 8 is integrated and an SOC value is calculated using the integrated current value (step 110). The SOC value estimated at time t4 is updated with the calculated SOC value at the end of the run mode. At time t5, the SOC is again estimated by themonitoring unit 7 atstep 106 to renew the previous value. - If a security system (not shown) of the vehicle is triggered by an intruder when the vehicle is parked, the load current will exceed a predetermined threshold level (step 108) at time t6. When this occurs, the
monitoring unit 7 sets the DC-DC converter 3 in a run mode to charge the battery 2 (step 109). During this run mode, themonitoring unit 7 integrates the current of thebattery 2 and calculates an SOC value (step 110) and updates the estimated SOC with the calculated SOC value at time t7 (step 113). In this manner, the state of charge of thebattery 2 is monitored with precision, while keeping its dark current at a minimum.Battery 2 is charged to keep its state of charge (charge rate) from dropping to an unacceptable level with no mechanical to electrical power conversion. - The monitoring of the state of charge of the
battery 2 is performed with increased precision by incorporating the temperature of thebattery 2 detected by thetemperature sensor 9. Specifically, themonitoring unit 7 is provided with a plurality of conversion tables corresponding to different temperatures of thebattery 2. Each conversion table describes a correlation between a plurality of SOC values and a corresponding number of pseudo-open circuit voltages at a particular temperature of thebattery 2 as shown in Fig 3. At regular intervals, themonitoring unit 7 selects one of the tables corresponding to the detected battery temperature and proceeds to select an SOC value corresponding to the voltage of thebattery 2 as an estimated SOC. - Since the DC-
DC converter 3 is operated in a unidirectional (high-to-low) conversion mode by setting the rated voltage ofbattery 1 higher than that ofbattery 2, it can be implemented with low-cost simple circuitry. - Fig. 6 shows another example of the DC-
DC converter 3. In this example, apower transistor 36 is provided to operate in a non-saturated mode to serve as a variable resistance between input andoutput terminals batteries power transistor 36 according to a voltage difference between aDC source 39 of reference voltage and avoltage divider 37 connected to theinput terminal 42. Due to the absence of switching noise as in the case of the example shown in Fig. 2, this type of DC-DC converter is favorable in terms of electromagnetic compatibility and reduced size. - Fig. 7 is a modification of the flowchart of Fig. 4. In this modification,
additional steps decision step 108 and operations step 109. When the electric load of the vehicle exceeds the predetermined threshold for some reason when the vehicle is parked, the decision atstep 108 is affirmative and flow proceeds to step 201 to integrate the discharge current and calculate an SOC value using the integrated current value. The calculated SOC value is then compared with the threshold TH-1 atstep 202.Steps DC converter 3 in a run mode for charging thebattery 2. In this way, the vehicle-mountedbattery 2 is prevented from being excessively discharged due to an increase in the electric load when the vehicle is parked. - While mention has been made of an embodiment in which lead-acid battery is used for the
source battery 1, a lithium battery may also be used instead. In comparison with a lead-acid battery, a lithium battery has a lower internal resistance, which allows it to be quickly charged by the automotive generator with low energy loss following engine acceleration.
Claims (18)
- A vehicle-mounted power supply system comprising:a first storage battery;an automotive generator driven by an engine for generating electrical energy and charging said first storage battery with the generated electrical energy;a second storage battery connected to an electrical load;a power converter for supplying electric energy from said first storage battery to said second storage battery; anda controller for setting said power converter in a sleep mode when said engine is stopped, periodically detecting the voltage of said second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during said sleep mode if current of said second storage battery is within a predetermined range, estimating a state of charge of said second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and setting said power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said controller maintains data describing a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein said controller is configured to estimate said state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresponding to said detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature of said second storage battery, wherein said controller has a plurality of correlation data corresponding to different temperatures of said second storage battery, each of said correlation data describing a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein said controller selects one of said correlation data corresponding to the detected temperature of said second storage battery and estimates said state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresonding to said detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said predetermined range is bounded by ± 1 ampere.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said first storage battery has a rated voltage which is higher than a rated voltage of said second storage battery.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said power converter comprises a power transistor configured to operate in a non-saturated mode between said first storage battery and said second storage battery and an amplifier for driving the power transitor according to voltage supplied from said first storage battery.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said controller is configured to:integrate charge current of said second storage battery when said power converter is set in said run mode,calculate a state of charge from the integrated charge current,set the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value, andupdate said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said first storage battery has an internal resistance lower than an internal resistance of said second storage battery.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said controller is configured to:set the power converter in said run mode when said electrical load exceeds a predetermined value,integrate charge current of said second storage battery,calculate a state of charge from the integrated charge current,set the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value, andupdate said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
- The vehicle-mounted power supply system of claim 1, wherein said controller is configured to:integrate discharge current of said second storage battery when said electrical load exceeds a predetermined value,calculate a state of charge from the integrated discharge current,set the power converter in said run mode when said calculated state of charge is lower than a predetemined value,integrate charge current of said second storage battery,calculate a state of charge from the integrated charge current,set the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value, andupdate said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
- A method of operating a vehicle-mounted power supply system which comprises a first storage battery, an automotive generator driven by an engine for generating electrical energy and charging the first storage battery with the generated electrical energy, a second storage battery connected to an electrical load, and a power converter for supplying electric energy from said first storage battery to said second storage battery, the method comprising the steps of:a) setting said power converter in a sleep mode when said engine is stopped;b) periodically detecting the voltage of said second storage battery as a pseudo-open circuit voltage during said sleep mode if current of said second storage battery is within a predetermined range; andc) estimating a state of charge of said second storage battery from the detected pseudo-open circuit voltage and setting said power converter in a run mode when the estimated state of charge is lower than a predetermined value.
- The method of claim 11, wherein said vehicle-mounted power supply system maintains correlation data describing correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein step (c) comprises the step of estimating said state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data corresponding to said detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- The method of claim 11, wherein said vehicle-mounted power supply system includes a plurality of correlation data corresponding to different temperatures of said second storage battery, each of said correlation data describing a correlation between a plurality of state of charge values and a plurality of voltage values, wherein step (c) comprises the steps of:detecting a temperature of said second storage battery;selecting one of said correlation data corresponding to the detected temperature of said second storage battery; andestimating said state of charge by selecting one of the state of charge values of the selected correlation data in response to said detected pseudo-open circuit voltage.
- The method of claim 11, wherein said predetermined range is bounded by ± 1 ampere.
- The method of claim 11, wherein said first storage battery has a rated voltage which is higher than a rated voltage of said second storage battery.
- The method of claim 11, wherein step (c) comprises the steps of:integrating charge current of said second storage battery when said power converter is set in said run mode,calculating a state of charge from the integrated charge current,setting the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value, andupdating said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
- The method of claim 11, wherein step (c) comprises the steps of:setting the power converter in said run mode when said electrical load exceeds a predetermined value;integrationg charge current of said second storage battery;calculate a state of charge from the integrated charge current,setting the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value; andupdating said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
- The method of claim 11, wherein step (c) comprises the steps of:integrating discharge current of said second storage battery when said electrical load exceeds a predetermined value,calculating a state of charge from the integrated discharge current,setting the power converter in said run mode when said calculated state of charge is lower than a predetemined value,integrating charge current of said second storage battery,calculating a state of charge from the integrated charge current,set the power converter in a sleep mode when the calculated state of charge becomes higher than a predetermed value, andupdating said estimated state of charge with the calculated state of charge.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004241776A JP4211715B2 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2004-08-23 | In-vehicle power supply system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1630927A2 true EP1630927A2 (en) | 2006-03-01 |
EP1630927A3 EP1630927A3 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
EP1630927B1 EP1630927B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
Family
ID=35432774
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05016323.7A Ceased EP1630927B1 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2005-07-27 | Vehicle-mounted power supply system |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7477038B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1630927B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4211715B2 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1762717A2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-14 | Deere & Company | Intelligent sleep mode for an internal combustion engines |
FR2905915A1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-03-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR MANAGING THE CHARGE OF A VEHICLE BATTERY |
FR2965409A1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-03-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Electrochemical storage system ageing state determining method for e.g. electric vehicle, involves determining value representative of current resistance, impedance and/or capacity, and determining ageing parameter according to value |
FR2992487A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2013-12-27 | Renault Sa | Method for managing electrical supply network of e.g. electric car, involves determining charge state of house battery, and modifying voltage setpoint of output of voltage converter according to charge state of battery |
WO2013182549A3 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for charging a first vehicle battery |
EP2897842A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-07-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle |
EP3081425A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-19 | LSIS Co., Ltd. | Vehicle power management device |
EP2431215A4 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2016-11-02 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Electric car and method for controlling the same |
WO2020156715A1 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-06 | Audi Ag | Method for operating a vehicle |
EP3615768A4 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-11-18 | General Electric Company | Downhole power generation system and optimized power control method thereof |
FR3107216A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-20 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Method for monitoring the use of a traction battery |
Families Citing this family (56)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4975282B2 (en) * | 2005-07-13 | 2012-07-11 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Vehicle power supply |
WO2007048366A1 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-03 | Temic Automotive Electric Motors Gmbh | Method and device for controlling the operating point of a battery |
JP4984527B2 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-07-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Secondary battery charge state estimation device and charge state estimation method |
EP1855344B1 (en) * | 2006-05-11 | 2011-08-24 | HOPPECKE Batterien GmbH & Co. KG | Assembly of accumulators |
KR100804697B1 (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2008-02-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery management system and driving method thereof |
KR100766982B1 (en) | 2006-09-05 | 2007-10-15 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery management system and driving method thereof |
JP4544273B2 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2010-09-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | VEHICLE POWER SUPPLY DEVICE AND CHARGING STATE ESTIMATION METHOD FOR POWER STORAGE DEVICE IN VEHICLE POWER SUPPLY DEVICE |
JP5009721B2 (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2012-08-22 | プライムアースEvエナジー株式会社 | Secondary battery charge state estimation device and program |
JP5029331B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2012-09-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | Vehicle power supply |
JP2009183089A (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-13 | Hitachi Ltd | Electric storage device controller and movable body installed with the same |
JP2010206885A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-16 | Omron Corp | Charging control apparatus and method, charger and program |
WO2010140230A1 (en) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Battery state of charge calculation device |
EP2272722B1 (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2015-04-08 | Denso Corporation | Power source apparatus for vehicle |
JP5305025B2 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2013-10-02 | スズキ株式会社 | Hybrid vehicle |
WO2011014773A2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2011-02-03 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Systems, methods and apparatus for vehicle battery charging |
DE102010001529A1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-04 | SB LiMotive Company Ltd., Kyonggi | Adaptive method for determining the performance parameters of a battery |
WO2011099116A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Power supply system for electric vehicle, and control method thereof |
JP5506052B2 (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2014-05-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle charging device |
WO2012132582A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Electric vehicle control device |
CN102759648B (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2015-04-08 | 上海博泰悦臻电子设备制造有限公司 | Method and system for testing power panel |
JP5183774B2 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2013-04-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Vehicle power supply |
US8947048B2 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2015-02-03 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Power supply system with charge balancing |
JP2013148458A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-08-01 | Eliiy Power Co Ltd | Charged state estimation device, charged state estimation method, and program |
FR2995736B1 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2015-10-30 | Renault Sas | POWER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE |
US9557120B2 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2017-01-31 | Promethean Power Systems, Inc. | Thermal energy battery with enhanced heat exchange capability and modularity |
JP6234127B2 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2017-11-22 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | Power storage device |
KR101323916B1 (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-10-31 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Apparatus and method for early starting of vehicle |
KR101428293B1 (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2014-08-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Sub battery charge method of electric vehicle |
JP5757298B2 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-07-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle power supply system and vehicle equipped with the same |
GB2510821B (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2015-08-19 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Charging Method |
DE102013218532A1 (en) | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | battery pack |
DE102013220918A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for battery management and battery management system |
GB2520556B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2016-05-25 | Ford Global Tech Llc | A method of controlling a mild hybrid electric vehicle |
JP6384412B2 (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2018-09-05 | 株式会社デンソー | Power supply |
CN105529762A (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-27 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Power supply apparatus for electric vehicle and method of controlling the same |
KR101714518B1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method and Apparutus for Preventing Excess of Dark Current In Telematics Terminal |
JP6551089B2 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-07-31 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | Automotive power supply |
WO2017143547A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | 战炜 | Intelligent power supply apparatus, system and method |
DE102016206108B4 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2022-10-20 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Method for operating a high-current load in an on-board network |
JP6747062B2 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-08-26 | 株式会社デンソー | Control device |
CN106324515B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2023-12-15 | 深圳智慧车联科技有限公司 | Method for detecting performance of automobile storage battery |
WO2018117105A1 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-28 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | Power storage element management device, power storage device, solar power generation system, deterioration amount estimation method, and computer program |
CN107147218B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳市沃特玛电池有限公司 | Energy-accumulating power station |
CN109270467A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-25 | 美的智慧家居科技有限公司 | The battery electricity detection method and device of equipment |
US11014461B2 (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2021-05-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Charge port contactor operation |
JP7020293B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-02-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery discharge controller |
JP7428135B2 (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2024-02-06 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | Energy storage element management device, energy storage device, vehicle, and energy storage element management method |
FR3089072B1 (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2020-12-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Control system for electric accumulator modules |
US20200180595A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-06-11 | Textron Inc. | Integrated starter-generator |
CN110126755B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2024-05-10 | 深圳市锐明技术股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted power supply monitoring device |
CN112234819B (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2022-02-01 | 睿驰电装(大连)电动系统有限公司 | Low-voltage power supply method and device based on DC-DC and electronic equipment |
CN113555928A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-26 | 合肥职业技术学院 | Vehicle-mounted power supply closed-loop management system |
US11719761B2 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-08-08 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Capacitor measurement |
US11789046B2 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-10-17 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Measuring a change in voltage |
CN114336832B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-02-27 | 河南嘉晨智能控制股份有限公司 | System for solving problem that authority controller is affected by aging of vehicle battery |
CN117233664B (en) * | 2023-11-13 | 2024-02-02 | 成都创科升电子科技有限责任公司 | Open circuit detection method and system for micro-current circuit |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2910184B2 (en) | 1990-08-10 | 1999-06-23 | 株式会社デンソー | Idle speed control device |
JP2003068369A (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-07 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Detecting method of total capacity of secondary battery and detector of total capacity |
Family Cites Families (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3520985A1 (en) | 1985-06-12 | 1986-12-18 | Ford-Werke AG, 5000 Köln | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE CHARGING STATE OF THE STARTER BATTERY OF A MOTOR VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR PERSONAL VEHICLE |
JP2932607B2 (en) * | 1990-05-23 | 1999-08-09 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Electric car |
US5418401A (en) * | 1991-10-29 | 1995-05-23 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply apparatus for a vehicle having batteries of different voltages which are charged according to alternator speed |
JP2959657B2 (en) * | 1993-05-13 | 1999-10-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | Electronics |
JP3584502B2 (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 2004-11-04 | ソニー株式会社 | Charge control device |
US5869951A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1999-02-09 | Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery management system for electric vehicle |
JPH08317572A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-11-29 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Controller of charge state of battery assembly |
JP3524661B2 (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 2004-05-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Power control device for electric vehicle |
DE19645944A1 (en) | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Control unit for an electrical system |
JP3536581B2 (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 2004-06-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Power generation control device for hybrid electric vehicle |
DE69942371D1 (en) | 1998-07-20 | 2010-06-24 | Allied Signal Inc | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING A VEHICLE BATTERY |
EP1050944A4 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2007-10-17 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Power system for electric vehicle |
US6661231B1 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2003-12-09 | Yazaki Corporation | Battery capacity calculating method and device therefor |
US6439678B1 (en) * | 1999-11-23 | 2002-08-27 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for non-saturated switching for firing energy control in an inkjet printer |
JP3549806B2 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2004-08-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Automotive power supply controller |
US6188199B1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-02-13 | Eldec Corporation | Battery charge optimizing system |
JP3749143B2 (en) * | 2001-06-14 | 2006-02-22 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Vehicle power supply |
WO2003004315A2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Devices and/or methods for determining the availability of electric energy, particularly in vehicle electric systems comprising several energy accumulators |
JP3613216B2 (en) * | 2001-09-18 | 2005-01-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Control device for hybrid vehicle |
JP3750608B2 (en) * | 2002-01-23 | 2006-03-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Control device for power storage device in vehicle |
JP3812459B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2006-08-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Vehicle power supply control device |
JP4157317B2 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2008-10-01 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Status detection device and various devices using the same |
US6686724B2 (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2004-02-03 | Ford Motor Company | Method of and apparatus for controlling charging and/or discharging of a battery for a hybrid electric vehicle |
JP2004031254A (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Capacity control device and method for battery pack |
FR2848033B1 (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2008-08-29 | Renault Sas | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TWO VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY FOR VEHICLE. |
WO2004053510A1 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2004-06-24 | Japan Storage Battery Co., Ltd. | Battery charged condition computing device and battery charged condition computing method |
JP3689084B2 (en) | 2002-12-11 | 2005-08-31 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Battery charge state calculation device and battery charge state calculation method |
JP4083614B2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2008-04-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Engine control unit |
DE10317524A1 (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-11-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for predicting the starting ability of a vehicle |
US7317300B2 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2008-01-08 | Denso Corporation | Automotive battery state monitor apparatus |
JP2005014707A (en) | 2003-06-25 | 2005-01-20 | Denso Corp | Device for monitoring state of on-vehicle battery |
JP2005132190A (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2005-05-26 | Denso Corp | Power supply system for vehicle |
-
2004
- 2004-08-23 JP JP2004241776A patent/JP4211715B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-07-21 US US11/185,706 patent/US7477038B2/en active Active
- 2005-07-27 EP EP05016323.7A patent/EP1630927B1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2910184B2 (en) | 1990-08-10 | 1999-06-23 | 株式会社デンソー | Idle speed control device |
JP2003068369A (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-07 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | Detecting method of total capacity of secondary battery and detector of total capacity |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1762717A2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-14 | Deere & Company | Intelligent sleep mode for an internal combustion engines |
EP1762717A3 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2013-06-26 | Deere & Company | Intelligent sleep mode for an internal combustion engines |
FR2905915A1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-03-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | METHOD FOR MANAGING THE CHARGE OF A VEHICLE BATTERY |
WO2008034991A1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2008-03-27 | Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA | Method for controlling the charge of a vehicle battery |
EP2431215A4 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2016-11-02 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Electric car and method for controlling the same |
FR2965409A1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-03-30 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Electrochemical storage system ageing state determining method for e.g. electric vehicle, involves determining value representative of current resistance, impedance and/or capacity, and determining ageing parameter according to value |
WO2013182549A3 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-05-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for charging a first vehicle battery |
FR2992487A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2013-12-27 | Renault Sa | Method for managing electrical supply network of e.g. electric car, involves determining charge state of house battery, and modifying voltage setpoint of output of voltage converter according to charge state of battery |
EP2897842A1 (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-07-29 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Hybrid vehicle |
CN104955699A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-09-30 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Hybrid vehicle |
EP3081425A1 (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-19 | LSIS Co., Ltd. | Vehicle power management device |
EP3615768A4 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-11-18 | General Electric Company | Downhole power generation system and optimized power control method thereof |
WO2020156715A1 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-06 | Audi Ag | Method for operating a vehicle |
FR3107216A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-20 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Method for monitoring the use of a traction battery |
WO2021165589A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2021-08-26 | Psa Automobiles Sa | Method for monitoring the use of a traction battery |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1630927B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
EP1630927A3 (en) | 2007-04-04 |
US20060038532A1 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
JP2006060946A (en) | 2006-03-02 |
US7477038B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
JP4211715B2 (en) | 2009-01-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US7477038B2 (en) | Vehicle-mounted power supply system | |
EP0847123B1 (en) | Pulse charging method and a charger | |
EP1908622A1 (en) | Vehicle source device | |
EP2720309B1 (en) | Electric storage apparatus | |
US9444285B2 (en) | Charge controller for vehicle | |
US7868584B2 (en) | DC-DC converter | |
US7554297B2 (en) | Automotive battery state monitor apparatus | |
US7525286B2 (en) | Method and device for vehicle battery protection with battery power source noise pattern analysis | |
CN105539169A (en) | State of charge battery monitoring | |
US20060113959A1 (en) | Rechargeable battery life judging method | |
JP2651030B2 (en) | Generator control device and control method, and vehicular generator control device and control method using the same | |
JP4006881B2 (en) | Battery discharge capacity detection method and apparatus, and vehicle battery control apparatus | |
US8384360B2 (en) | Hybrid battery | |
JP4843921B2 (en) | Battery pack capacity adjustment device and battery pack capacity adjustment method | |
JP3692617B2 (en) | Charging time calculation method and battery pack | |
KR20130018310A (en) | Arithmetic processing apparatus for calculating internal resistance/open-circuit voltage of secondary battery | |
JP2014523731A (en) | Li-ion battery charging | |
CN101507081A (en) | Method and apparatus for operating a battery to avoid damage and maximize use of battery capacity | |
JP2010521948A (en) | Adaptive charging apparatus and method | |
CN109383327B (en) | Power supply system | |
JP2003180004A (en) | Method for calculating parameter of power battery of electric motor vehicle | |
EP3648290A1 (en) | Power supply device | |
CN110361669B (en) | Battery degradation determination device | |
JP2007336610A (en) | Power accumulation element charging/discharging system | |
KR101144101B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for improving starting faculty of automobiles |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK YU |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20070924 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20130402 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602005041089 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20131024 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602005041089 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20140605 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602005041089 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20140605 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20220720 Year of fee payment: 18 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20220620 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20220720 Year of fee payment: 18 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602005041089 Country of ref document: DE |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20230727 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20240201 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230727 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20230731 |