EP1627439A2 - Kontaktvorrichtung sowie brennstoffzellenstapel bzw. brennstoffzellenblock mit einer derartigen kontaktvorrichtung - Google Patents
Kontaktvorrichtung sowie brennstoffzellenstapel bzw. brennstoffzellenblock mit einer derartigen kontaktvorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1627439A2 EP1627439A2 EP04726996A EP04726996A EP1627439A2 EP 1627439 A2 EP1627439 A2 EP 1627439A2 EP 04726996 A EP04726996 A EP 04726996A EP 04726996 A EP04726996 A EP 04726996A EP 1627439 A2 EP1627439 A2 EP 1627439A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact device
- fuel cell
- surface layer
- contact
- hydrophobic surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0223—Composites
- H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/242—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes comprising framed electrodes or intermediary frame-like gaskets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a contact device for electrical contacting of a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack or a fuel cell block with such a contact device.
- Fuel cells are becoming increasingly important in future-oriented concepts for energy generation.
- low-temperature fuel cells based on the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) technology are being discussed as environmentally friendly and efficient energy converters for portable, mobile and stationary applications and are already being used commercially for the first time. They convert hydrogen and oxygen into electrical direct current at temperatures just above freezing up to approx. 90 ° C, the only by-product being water.
- PEM polymer electrolyte membrane
- the resulting water is predominantly in liquid form and must be removed from the fuel cells in a suitable form. This is usually done via connection plates at the ends of the fuel cell stack. To do this, the water is fed lengthways through the fuel cell stack.
- suitable components through which deionized water flows are used in the fuel cell stacks.
- the supply and discharge of the cooling water passed through the stack is usually also via the connection plates at the ends of the stack. To do this, the deionized water is fed lengthways through the stack.
- connection device In the vicinity of the connection plates at the ends of the fuel cell stack there is a contact device in an operating gas-free connection space, which makes electrical contact with the fuel cell stack and leads the current out of the fuel cell stack via connection lugs.
- the contact device is e.g. from a contact plate that is in electrical contact with a pole or bipolar plate that closes off the fuel cell stack and, if necessary, holding elements, e.g. made of an elastomer, with which it is held and / or aligned on the fuel cell stack.
- the contact device can include further components such as Include contact spring plates or contact foils. All of these components are intended to conduct the current as well as possible and are therefore usually made of an electrically highly conductive material, e.g. made of copper or a copper alloy.
- the atmosphere must be dried continuously, at least regularly, as part of service measures on the fuel cell stacks. Drying can be carried out, for example, by flushing the room with dry gases such as nitrogen or by applying a vacuum.
- dry gases such as nitrogen
- these procedures are time consuming and costly. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a contact device which simplifies the discharge of water from the connection space.
- a contact device according to claim 1.
- a fuel cell stack or a fuel cell block with such a contact device is the subject of claims 15 and 16.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
- the invention is based on the consideration that the surface of the contact device has pores. These pores have hydrophilic properties, particularly on metallic surfaces. Water on the surface of the contact device is literally sucked into pores like a capillary.
- the contact device has holding elements, in particular made of an elastomer, for holding and / or aligning the contact device on a fuel cell stack, the discharge of the water can thereby be simplified even further that these holding elements are also at least partially provided with the hydrophobic surface layer.
- a good current conductivity of the contact device and at the same time a good discharge of the water from the connection space is possible in that the thickness of the hydrophobic surface layer in the area of electrical connection points, e.g. between the contact device and an adjacent pole or bipolar plate, is set to an optimum between a low electrical contact resistance and a high hydrophobicity.
- the hydrophobic surface layer contains polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the surface layer advantageously consists of a PTFE metal or PTFE-carbon mixture in order to achieve a low electrical contact resistance.
- the hydrophobic surface layer consists of a hydrophobizing material that is soluble in a solvent.
- This material can be applied to the surface of the contact device in the dissolved state and very thin layers can thus be achieved.
- the contact device can thus be given good current conductivity, which cannot be achieved, for example, with pure PTFE coatings.
- the hydrophobic surface layer made of the solvent-soluble, hydrophobizing material is therefore particularly suitable for electrical connection points.
- the detachable, hydrophobizing material preferably consists entirely or partially of an amorphous fluoropolymer, alternatively polisiloxane compounds or alkylsilanes are also suitable. These materials have a particularly good adhesion to metals.
- Amorphous modifications of Teflon are particularly suitable among the amorphous fluoropolymers.
- This material can be obtained in suitable solvents and diluted to an optimal concentration before use.
- the solution can then be applied to the corrosion protection layer by a customary application method such as spraying, wiping, brushing, dipping, printing, the solvent evaporated and the remaining material, if appropriate, immobilized on the corrosion protection layer by a temperature step at elevated temperature. After the solvent has evaporated, a very thin Teflon film remains, which in particular covers the inner surfaces of the pores.
- the contact device according to the invention is particularly advantageously suitable for tapping the current generated by a fuel cell stack.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a fuel cell stack with a contact device according to the invention
- 2 shows a part of the contact device of Figure 1 in an enlarged view.
- a fuel cell stack 1 shown in FIG. 1 consists of several membrane electrode units 3 and bipolar plates 5, which are alternately stacked one on top of the other, and is closed off by a bipolar plate 5a.
- a membrane electrode unit 3 consists of an anode 7, a membrane 9 and a cathode 11.
- the membrane electrode units 3 and the bipolar plates 5, 5a are mounted in seals 13.
- humidified hydrogen flows into the anode gas spaces 23, which are each arranged between the anode 7 of a membrane electrode unit 3 and an adjacent bipolar plate 5.
- oxygen moistened with water flows into the cathode gas spaces 25, which are each arranged between the cathode 11 of a membrane electrode unit 3 and an adjacent bipolar plate 5.
- the cathode gas spaces 25 are flowed with with humidified oxygen.
- the side of the bipolar plate 5a facing away from the cathode gas spaces 25 borders on a connection space 49 which is free of the operating gases hydrogen and oxygen.
- cooling water flows from an axial channel 27 into the cavities 19 of the bipolar plates 5 and 5a during operation of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the heat of reaction flowing into the cavities 19 through the bipolar plate 5 or 5a is absorbed by the cooling water, which flows further into another axial channel 31 and is removed from there from the fuel cell stack 1.
- the current generated by the fuel cell stack 1 is tapped electrically with the aid of a bipolar plate 5a which closes the connection space 49 and closes the terminal Contacting contact device 4.
- This comprises a contact plate 42, which is in electrical contact with the bipolar plate 5a via contact springs 43 and a contact foil 44.
- the components 42, 43, 44 consist of copper or a copper alloy in their base material to ensure a particularly good conductivity.
- the contact springs 43 serve to compensate for tolerances between the contact plate 42 and the fuel cell stack 1, the contact film 44 brings about a particularly low contact resistance between the bipolar plate 5a and the contact springs 43.
- the contact plate 42, the contact springs 43 and the contact foil 44 are provided on their surface with a hydrophobic surface layer 45.
- a particularly low contact resistance between the hydrophobic surface layer 45 and the base material of the contact plate 42, the contact springs 43 or the contact film 44 is achieved in that, in addition, a highly conductive contact layer 46 made of one or more precious metals between the base material and the hydrophobic surface layer 45, in particular made of gold and nickel.
- the contact device 4 also has holding elements 47 made of an elastomer for holding and aligning the contact device 4 on the fuel cell stack 1, which also serve to seal the connection space 49 with respect to the axial channel 27 or 31.
- the elastomer material also makes it possible to compensate for tolerances in the fuel cell stack 1.
- the holding elements 47 are also partially provided with a hydrophobic surface layer 45.
- the pores present on the surface of the contact device 4 or the contact plate 42, the contact springs 43, the contact film 44 and the holding elements 47 are closed by the hydrophobic surface layer 45. If water comes onto the surface of the contact device, dripping Chen Struktur, wherein the droplets have little adhesion to the surface and can be applied with a small gas flow from the connection space 49 and thus from the fuel cell stack 1.
- the hydrophobic surface layer preferably consists of an amorphous modification of Teflon (for example an amorphous copolymer of 65-99 mol% perfluoro-2, 2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol with a complementary amount of tetrafluoroethylene, under the product name Teflon®AF from DuPont Fluoroproducts available).
- Teflon®AF amorphous copolymer of 65-99 mol% perfluoro-2, 2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxol with a complementary amount of tetrafluoroethylene
- the thickness of the hydrophobic surface layer 45 is made of amorphous Teflon at these connection points 48 is set to an optimum between a low contact resistance and a high hydrophobicity. This is possible in particular in that the hydrophobic surface layer 45 has a thickness in the range from 0.1 nm to 10 nm, in particular 0.5 nm to 0.7 nm, at these electrical connection points 48.
- a dilution of the amorphous Teflon with a solvent in a ratio of 1: 200 has proven to be suitable for this.
- the thin layer that can be achieved on the contact foil 44 can be mechanically pushed aside by the contact springs 43, for example.
- the Teflon then remains in the pores and brings about the desired hydrophobicity, while the contact points on the contact film 44 are free of Teflon and thus have only a low contact resistance.
- the amorphous Teflon can be applied undiluted.
- the thickness of the hydrophobic layer there is advantageously 0.01 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, in particular 0.01 ⁇ m to 1 ⁇ m.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10323881A DE10323881A1 (de) | 2003-05-26 | 2003-05-26 | Kontaktvorrichtung sowie Brennstoffzellenstapel bzw. Brennstoffzellenblock mit einer derartigen Kontaktvorrichtung |
| PCT/EP2004/003869 WO2004107474A2 (de) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-04-13 | Kontaktvorrichtung sowie brennstoffzellenstapel bzw. brennstoffzellenblock mit einer derartigen kontaktvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1627439A2 true EP1627439A2 (de) | 2006-02-22 |
Family
ID=33482179
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04726996A Withdrawn EP1627439A2 (de) | 2003-05-26 | 2004-04-13 | Kontaktvorrichtung sowie brennstoffzellenstapel bzw. brennstoffzellenblock mit einer derartigen kontaktvorrichtung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8067131B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1627439A2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20060013423A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10323881A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004107474A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004018620A1 (de) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-03 | Volkswagen Ag | Stromableiterplatte mit Erhebungen |
| EP1739782A1 (de) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrochemischen Batterie und elektrochemische Einrichtung mit einer derartigen Batterie |
| US10516182B2 (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2019-12-24 | Iucf-Hyu (Industry-University Cooperation Foundation Hanyang University) | Polymer ion exchange membrane and method of preparing same |
| US9678501B2 (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2017-06-13 | Bloom Energy Corporation | Serialization of fuel cell components |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4938833A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1990-07-03 | Engelhard Corporation | Process for making film-bonded fuel cell interfaces |
| US4728585A (en) | 1986-12-24 | 1988-03-01 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Fuel cell stack with combination end-pressure plates |
| IT1270878B (it) | 1993-04-30 | 1997-05-13 | Permelec Spa Nora | Migliorata cella elettrochimica utilizzante membrane a scambio ionico e piatti bipolari metallici |
| US6001502A (en) | 1997-06-27 | 1999-12-14 | Plug Power, L.L.C. | Current conducting end plate of fuel cell assembly |
| US6203936B1 (en) * | 1999-03-03 | 2001-03-20 | Lynntech Inc. | Lightweight metal bipolar plates and methods for making the same |
| US5945232A (en) | 1998-04-03 | 1999-08-31 | Plug Power, L.L.C. | PEM-type fuel cell assembly having multiple parallel fuel cell sub-stacks employing shared fluid plate assemblies and shared membrane electrode assemblies |
| US6660424B1 (en) | 1998-08-20 | 2003-12-09 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell and method of manufacture thereof |
| DE60038286T2 (de) | 1999-01-25 | 2009-04-30 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Festpolymerbrennstoffzelle und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| US6440594B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2002-08-27 | California Institute Of Technology | Aerosol feed direct methanol fuel cell |
| US6828054B2 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2004-12-07 | The Texas A&M University System | Electronically conducting fuel cell component with directly bonded layers and method for making the same |
| US6824874B1 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2004-11-30 | Dana Corporation | Insulator and seal for fuel cell assemblies |
| US7235315B2 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2007-06-26 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell stack having a plurality of integrated voltage reversal protection diodes |
-
2003
- 2003-05-26 DE DE10323881A patent/DE10323881A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-04-13 KR KR1020057022639A patent/KR20060013423A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/003869 patent/WO2004107474A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-13 EP EP04726996A patent/EP1627439A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-13 US US10/558,171 patent/US8067131B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004107474A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2004107474A3 (de) | 2005-12-22 |
| US20070054163A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 |
| WO2004107474A2 (de) | 2004-12-09 |
| DE10323881A1 (de) | 2004-12-23 |
| US8067131B2 (en) | 2011-11-29 |
| KR20060013423A (ko) | 2006-02-09 |
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Legal Events
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| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL HR LT LV MK |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: HAMMERSCHMIDT, ALBERT Inventor name: MATTEJAT, ARNO Inventor name: MEHLTRETTER, IGOR Inventor name: HARTNACK, HERBERT |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SIEMENS AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20161101 |