EP1602619A2 - Device for retaining a load on the load supporting means of an industrial truck - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for the supporting of a load on a load bearing means of an industrial truck (1) has a support plate (6) which is vertically adjustable above the load bearing means by a lift drive, and which has several vertical guides distributed over one surface and in each of which is vertically guided a strut (8). A clamping device is attached to the support plate to fix the struts in a selected vertical position in the guides. An operating unit for the clamping device is provided for the selective clamping or releasing of the struts in their guides.

Description

The invention relates to a device for holding a load on a load supporting means an industrial truck according to claim 1.

Forklifts, lift trucks or the like trucks have a load bearing means for Picking up, transporting and depositing a load. The cargo is mostly arranged on pallets, which in turn can be transported, for example with Help the fork of a truck.

Transport goods with high center of gravity or low weight at low Footprint may fall off the pallet or load bearing means, especially when the truck is driving over uneven terrain or through bends. It has therefore long been known to use so-called load holder, from the top Press down on the cargo to drop it off the pallet or pallet to prevent the load carrying means. From DE 9418354 U1 or EP 467210 B1 is a Retaining known, in which a horizontal plate height adjustable can be arranged and pressed by vertical lowering on the cargo. If there are several goods of different heights on the pallet or if there are several pallets with different transport goods on the load carrier Height, failure to adequately set the cargo.

It is therefore already known from DE 412989 C or WO 214206 A2, several Load load holders next to each other on a carrying device. This makes it possible a plurality of transport goods located next to each other on the load carrying means different Clamp height. However, it is not possible to transport goods of different heights, which are in front of each other in the fork direction, sufficiently clamp.

From GB 2250267 A, DE 2929621 C2 is known, several plates side by side or one behind the other, to elevate individually. disadvantage This solution is that the height differences between the individual transport goods have to move within narrow limits.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for holding a load to create a load carrying means of a truck, in which the transported goods in the Height can be significantly different.

This object is solved by the features of patent claim 1.

In the device according to the invention, a support structure is height adjustable guided above the load carrier on the truck. With the help of a linear actuator the support structure can be adjusted in height. It points over an area which corresponds approximately to the area of a pallet, for example, several vertical Guides on which stamps are guided vertically. If the stamps are not held, They can be supported on the underlying cargo. Becomes after this process ensured that the stamp maintain this position is a secure determination of the cargo reached. Therefore, the invention further provides a Clamping device in front, with the punch at any altitude in the guides can be clamped. An actuator worries an optional Clamp or release the punches in the guides.

In the invention, the larger number of punches arranged in a field are about the size of the load, and so lowered to a load be that these reflect the irregular surface contour of the load, for a sufficient Securing the goods to be transported on the load carrier. All stamps have Contact with the load and can be fixed vertically. Thus, a backup of Load given especially against tipping over.

There are various constructive possibilities conceivable, the doctrine described realize. An embodiment of the invention provides for this, that the supporting structure guided in a mast of the truck and by a lifting cylinder, a chain drive or the like is driven. The mast can be comparable be designed a mast of a forklift. To raise and lower a can double-acting lifting cylinder are provided, the hydraulic or pneumatic is operated. However, it can also be provided a single-acting lifting cylinder be, in addition, a braking device is required, which switched on when needed to fix the supporting structure in any position. Instead of However, a lifting cylinder can also be provided a mechanical lifting device be, for example, a spindle or chain drive.

It is known, a stacker for a double-decker load with two To provide load carrying means. The lower load support is rigid on the mast of the Stacker mounted. By lifting the entire lifting device that can Transport goods are raised. On the lifting device, a load carriage is guided on which the upper load support is attached. In such a construction, the upper Load carriage to be replaced by the support structure according to the invention or this be attached to the upper load carriage.

For the support structure different designs are conceivable. So this can be a support plate which is provided with holes in which received the stamp are. The support plate may e.g. made of plastic or a composite material getting produced. Alternatively, a welded construction of standard profiles are prepared, e.g. instead of drilling holes are provided in which the stamps are guided vertically.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the punches have a at the ends Stop on, which prevents slipping of the punch down. Therefor can e.g. Thickening of the stamp at the top serve. The stamps, preferably Have circular cross-section, as well as the associated holes, as Pipes or solid.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that on the supporting structure an operable by the actuator clamping unit between a Release and a clamping position is guided horizontally. The clamping unit points Clamping on the clamping position in the clamping position or rubbing laterally with the punches can be brought into engagement. The clamping unit, preferably linearly from the support structure is guided, can e.g. operated by means of a single actuating cylinder be to the clamping unit either in the release or in the clamping position bring. Instead of a double-acting actuating cylinder is also a single-acting conceivable, being in the opposite direction, preferably in the direction Clamping position, a biasing spring acts.

The clamping means are preferably friction elements or the like, which with the Shank of the stamp can be brought into frictional engagement. For example, e.g. as a friction element an elastic band conceivable, which is arranged horizontally and the associated Stamp partially frictionally wraps around when the clamping unit in their Clamping position is.

The clamping unit can according to a further embodiment of the invention of a Frame structure may be formed, which is guided horizontally linearly in the supporting structure is. The frame structure may have a plurality of parallel spaced U-profiles, whose web has slots through which the stamp are passed and in the the clamping means are associated with the oblong holes, on the legs of the U-profiles are attached, for example in the form of the already mentioned elastic bands.

The actuation of the lifting drive and the actuating device is after another Embodiment of the invention controlled by a control device. One sees this further embodiment of the invention, that the control device, the clamping device in the release position controls when the support structure is moved and in the clamping position controls when the supporting structure is at a standstill. This will the operation of the holding device carried out largely automatically.

A timed even more coordinated control of the holding device according to the invention allows a further embodiment of the invention, according to the first sensors associated with the stamps that determine when a stamp is about a maximum Way opposite the support structure has been adjusted upwards. The control device terminates the lowering operation of the support structure when it receives a first sensor signal receives. The support structure can not be further lowered in this case otherwise it would damage the cargo. For very large Height differences are in this state, however, not all stamp engaged. Thus, the sensor signal marks the later possible, but not necessarily the time-optimal shutdown time.

Another control option results according to the invention, if on the supporting structure provided with the control device second sensors are provided, the one second sensor signal when a punch reaches a maximum lower position. The control device stops the lowering movement of the supporting structure, if all Stamp are raised from the lowest position. This sensor circuit is used to end the lowering movement at the earliest possible moment. It serves thus the time savings.

The sensors can be formed, for example, by the fact that on the supporting structure electrical contacts are provided, with contact surfaces on the punches interact.

The lower end of the punches is preferably widened for better protection to have and prevent damage to the cargo. In any case it is advantageous if the lower end surface of the stamp a coating or the like having a high coefficient of friction.

Fig. 1

zeigt die Seitenansicht eines Flurförderzeugs mit einer Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung.

Fig. 2

zeigt die Draufsicht auf die Darstellung nach Fig. 1.

Fig. 3

zeigt die Vorderansicht des Flurförderzeugs nach Fig. 1 mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

Fig. 4

zeigt die Einzelheit 4 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5

zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung nach Fig. 4 entlang der Linie 5-5.

Fig. 6

zeigt schematisch die Unterseite der Tragplatte nach der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1

shows the side view of a truck with a device according to the invention.

Fig. 2

shows the top view of the illustration of FIG. 1st

Fig. 3

shows the front view of the truck according to Fig. 1 with the device according to the invention.

Fig. 4

shows the detail 4 in FIG. 2.

Fig. 5

shows a section through the illustration of FIG. 4 along the line 5-5.

Fig. 6

schematically shows the underside of the support plate according to the device according to the invention.

In the Fign. 1 to 3 is an electric pedestrian pallet truck 1 to recognize with a fork carriage, of the three forks 3 (see Fig. 3), which provided at the front with support rollers 20 are opposite to the tines 3 can be lifted hydraulically, as on well known. As can be seen, are on the forks 3 more rolling pallets 4 taken in the longitudinal direction one behind the other.

On lifting truck 1, a mast 2 is attached, on which a support plate 6 vertically movable is guided. The lifting and lowering movement of the support plate 6 causes a double acting lift cylinder 16 (Figures 2 and 3). Instead of a pneumatic or hydraulic Lifting cylinders are also conceivable other mechanical lifting devices, e.g. one Spindle or chain drive. The lifting cylinder can also be single-acting, with a Brake device is required, which is switched on to the support plate in her to fix each position. At sufficiently high weight of the Load holding device may u.U. to dispense with a braking device.

The support plate 6 is shown as a solid plate made of plastic or a composite material is made. Instead of a solid support plate can also be a welded construction be provided from standard profiles.

In the support plate 6 are holes 22 in which stamp 8 move vertically can. As is apparent from Fig. 6, located at the bottom of the support plate. 6 on opposite sides of the holes contact elements 24, but not for all holes are marked. They are connected to a battery 26. All Contact element pairs 24 are connected in series.

In the illustrated embodiment, 4 x 6 holes 22 at a uniform distance from each other, which corresponds to a field of the load carrying means or be received on the load carrying means transportable goods can. Thus, 24 punches 8 are provided. The thickness of the support plate 6 is sufficient to ensure proper guidance in the holes 22. It is also conceivable in addition sleeves or in welding constructions for guiding alone sleeves too Use to ensure smooth guidance of the stamp 8.

On the support plate 6 rests a clamping unit 7, designed as a frame construction is with four parallel spaced U-profiles 26, by two transverse U-profiles 28 are welded together. On the plate 6 are two parallel Strip 15, through which the clamping unit 7 linear along the axis of the truck is guided. On the support plate 6, an actuating cylinder 14 is articulated with the its piston rod on a cross strut 28 attacks. On the cylinder 14 opposite Side is arranged a spring 12, which is on the one hand on the transverse profile 28th and secondly supported on an abutment 13 on the plate 6. Instead of the spring 12 However, the actuating cylinder 14 may also be double-acting.

As is apparent from FIGS. 4 and 5, the webs of the U-profiles 26 have elongated holes 30, which are aligned with the holes 22 of the support plate 6. The stamps 8 are also passed through the slots 30. In the area of the elongated holes 30 is an inside the legs of the U-profiles 7 each have a bow-shaped bracket 17 for an elastic Band 18 arranged. If the punch 8 is in the position shown in FIG. 4, he is partially wrapped by the elastic band 11.

In Fig. 5, a pair of contact elements 24 can be seen. At the bottom of the Stamp 8 is mounted in a larger diameter Reibauflage 10 and between Friction pad 10 and punch 8 an electrically conductive material 19. The stamp is the 8th moved maximum upward, passes the conductive material 19 with the contact element pair 24 in engagement.

1. Aufsetzen der gezeigten Lasthaltevorrichtung auf einer Last am Aufnahmepunkt

2. Halten der Lasthaltevorrichtung auf der Last während des Transports

3. Abheben der Lasthaltevorrichtung am Absetzpunkt der Last An dem Punkt, an dem die Rollpaletten 4 mit der darauf befindlichen Last 5 aufgenommen werden sollen, fährt der Bediener den Hubwagen 1 mit den Gabelzinken 3 unter sechs in Blocklagerung am Boden gelagerte Rollpaletten 4. Die Gabelzinken 3 befinden sich in ihrer untersten Position. Die Tragplatte 6 mit der Klemmeinheit 7 befindet sich in der obersten Position, in der alle Stempel 8 mit ihrer Verdickung 9 an den Stegen der U-Profile 26 anliegen. Die Stempel 8 ragen mit ihrer maximal verfügbaren Länge nach unten aus der Tragplatte 6 hervor.

4. Bei der Verwendung eines Hubwagens für die Doppelstockbeladung sollte die Abfolge der Funktionen wie folgt sein:

a) Der Bediener fährt mit den Gabeln unter die Rollpaletten

b) Verspannungsvorrichtung wird gelöst

c) Tragplatte wird abgesenkt

d) Stempel geraten in Eingriff und werden wieder verspannt

e) Die unteren Gabeln mit den Rollpaletten werden mitsamt dem Hubgerüst und der Tragplatte angehoben.

The in Figs. 1 to 6 device operates as follows. The transport of cargo by means of the lift truck 1 is divided into three sub-functions:

1. placing the load holding device shown on a load at the pickup point

2. Hold the load holding device on the load during transport

3. Lifting the load-holding device at the set-point of the load At the point where the rolling pallets 4 are to be received with the load 5 thereon, the operator drives the lift truck 1 with the forks 3 under six stored in block storage on the ground roller pallets 4. The forks 3 are in their lowest position. The support plate 6 with the clamping unit 7 is in the uppermost position, in which all the stamps 8 abut with their thickening 9 on the webs of the U-profiles 26. The stamp 8 protrude with their maximum available length down from the support plate 6.

4. When using a double-deck lift truck, the sequence of functions should be as follows:

a) The operator drives with the forks under the rolling pallets

b) bracing device is released

c) support plate is lowered

d) Stamps engage and are tightened again

e) The lower forks with the rolling pallets are lifted together with the mast and the support plate.

This sequence ensures that it is not already when lifting the pallets for Tipping over can come.

If the operator activates the lifting device for the forks 3, the rolling pallets become 4 lifted off the ground and lie on the forks 3. At the same time the unilaterally acting hydraulic cylinder 14 actuates and displaces the clamping unit. 7 against the force of the spring 14 from the truck 1 away. This will cause the elastic to move Tapes 11 away from the punches 8, and the punches 8 are free vertical move. At the same time, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 16 moves the support plate 6 in the mast 2 down. The simultaneity of the three processes described becomes implemented via a control device, not shown, which can be designed so that no manual operations have to be performed by the operator.

By lowering the support plate 6, the stamp 8 come with their Reibauflagen 10th to lie on top of the load 5. Since the punches in the holes 22 and 30 free are movable, they push up through the support plate. The deeper the Support plate 6 is lowered, the more punch 8 come on the different Height levels of the load 5 to lie.

The described lowering of the support plate 6 must be terminated automatically, if at least one of the punches 8 is pushed upwards through the bore 22 has been. The metal support 19 then comes with the contact element pair 24 in Contact. As can be seen from Fig. 6, this causes a current flow, e.g. in the Instrument 32 can be displayed and which can be used to actuate of the lifting cylinder 16 to finish. When using a double-acting lift cylinder for the support plate 6 is preferably a pressure relief valve (not shown) for the downward movement to prevent injury to persons or Damage to the cargo should be avoided.

In addition to the described termination of the lowering process, the latest possible Time called, a time savings can be achieved by a second condition is introduced. Once all the stamps 8 lie on the load have come loose their extensions 9 of the clamping unit 7, since the stamp 8 begin to push through the holes 22 and 30. This can be sensory be detected according to the same principle, as for the contact pair elements 24 and the contact pad 19 has been described. So can contact surfaces at the bottom Side of the extension 9 are provided with the upper contact pairs (not shown) on the webs of the U-profiles 26 cooperate. The lowering movement of Support plate 6 is terminated when the contact between these contact pairs and the Contact surfaces for all stamps is interrupted.

When the lowering movement of the support plate 6 is completed, the operation cylinder 14 becomes relaxed by the control device. As a result, the spring 12 presses the clamping unit 7 towards the lift truck, which causes the elastic bands 11 against the punch 8 are pressed. This creates a friction between the punch and elastic Band 14, which inhibits a vertical movement of the punch 8. The stamp 8 is therefore with his Reibauflage 10 on the load 5 and is fixed in its vertical movement. There rest on the entire height contour of the load 5 stamp 8, which is not vertically movable are, the load is positively against tipping and by means of the Reibauflage 10 frictionally secured against slipping.

Arrived at the settling point, the operator actuates the lowering movement for the Forks 3. As a result, the rolling pallets 4 are placed on the ground. simultaneously become the following two processes by the above-described control device carried out:

The actuating cylinder 14 is pressurized, so that the clamping unit. 7 is pressed against the force of the spring 17 in the direction of the forks. Thereby the elastic bands 11 are relieved and the frictional engagement for the punch 8 is canceled. As a result, the stamps in their guides are free to move again.

On the other hand, the double-acting lifting cylinder 16 moves the support plate 6 upwards. Since the stamp 8 are vertically freely movable, they slip through the holes 22 to to its extension 9 on the clamping unit 7 from. If the double-acting Lifting cylinder 16 has reached its uppermost position, the actuating cylinder 14th Relieved and the stamp 8 are clamped again with the help of the elastic bands 11.

In this position, the load is no longer fixed, and the operator can with the truck return.

Claims (20)

Device for holding a load on a load-bearing means of a truck with the following features: a support structure is mounted by means of a lifting drive height adjustable above the load carrying means the support structure has a plurality of distributed over a surface vertical guides, in each of which a punch (8) is guided vertically on the support structure, a clamping device is mounted with which the stamp (8) can be clamped in any height in the guides and an operating device for the clamping device for selectively clamping or releasing the punches (8) in their guides. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting structure is guided in a mast (2) of the industrial truck (1) and driven by a lifting cylinder (16), a chain drive or the like. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vertical guides of sleeves or bores (22) are formed in the supporting structure. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the supporting structure has a support plate (6). Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stamp (8) at the upper ends have a stop which prevents slippage of the punch (8) downwards. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that on the support structure operable by the actuator clamping unit between a release and a clamping position is limited horizontally movable and the clamping unit comprises clamping means which in the clamping position by clamping or rubbing side the punches (8) are engageable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuating device has an actuating cylinder (14). Apparatus according to claim 6 and 7, characterized in that the actuating cylinder (14) is single-acting and a biasing spring (12) biases the clamping unit in the clamping position. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the clamping means is a friction element. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the clamping or friction element is an elastic band (11) arranged horizontally, which in the clamping position wraps around the associated punch (8) in a partially non-positive manner. Device according to one of claims 6 to 20, characterized in that the clamping unit is a frame construction, which is guided horizontally linearly on the support structure. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the clamping unit has a plurality of parallel spaced U-profiles (26), the web has slots (30) through which punch (8) are passed, and the clamping means are associated with the slots (30), which are attached to the legs of the U-profiles (26). Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the lifting drive and the actuating device are controlled by a control device. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the control device controls the clamping device in the release position when the support structure is moved and controls in the clamping position when the support structure is at a standstill. Apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that first sensors are associated with the punches (8) which determine whether a punch (8) has been displaced upwards by a predetermined distance relative to the support structure and the control device terminates the lowering movement of the support structure when it receives a first sensor signal. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that contacts (24) connected to the support structure are attached to the support structure and cooperate with a contact surface (19) at the lower end of the plungers (8). Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that on the support structure with the control device connected second sensors are provided which emit a second sensor signal when a punch (8) reaches a predetermined lower position and the control device terminates the lowering movement of the support structure when all the punches (8) are raised from the lowest position. Device according to Claim 17, characterized in that second contact elements connected to the support device are provided on the support structure and second contact surfaces are provided at the upper end of the plungers (8) which interact with the second contact elements when the plungers are in the lower position. Device according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the punches (8) have a thickening (9) at the upper end. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that at the lower end of the punch (8) plates (10) are mounted, whose undersides have a high coefficient of friction.

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