EP1587548A1 - Microparticules echogenes, servant notamment comme agent de contraste pour l exploration ultrasonore et/ou comme emboles pour la detection ultrasonore - Google Patents
Microparticules echogenes, servant notamment comme agent de contraste pour l exploration ultrasonore et/ou comme emboles pour la detection ultrasonoreInfo
- Publication number
- EP1587548A1 EP1587548A1 EP04705832A EP04705832A EP1587548A1 EP 1587548 A1 EP1587548 A1 EP 1587548A1 EP 04705832 A EP04705832 A EP 04705832A EP 04705832 A EP04705832 A EP 04705832A EP 1587548 A1 EP1587548 A1 EP 1587548A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymers
- copolymers
- derivatives
- microparticles
- vinyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/22—Echographic preparations; Ultrasonic imaging preparations
- A61K49/222—Echographic preparations; Ultrasonic imaging preparations characterised by a special physical form, e.g. emulsions, liposomes
- A61K49/225—Microparticles, microcapsules
Definitions
- the present invention relates to microparticles and their manufacturing methods.
- the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with the use of these microparticles as a contrast agent for ultrasonic exploration.
- the physical principle underlying an ultrasound or Doppler examination is the backscattering of ultrasound by the tissues.
- the examination probe generates a mechanical wave drawn from a given energy (calculated in terms of mechanical index) at a frequency conventionally between 5 to 13 MHz (megahertz). This wave then propagates deep from the surface of the probe to the tissues.
- the laws of reflection apply and it follows that part of the energy is returned to the probe while the remaining energy continues its path in depth.
- “Ultrasonic interface” is understood here to mean any break in acoustic impedance between two media. This impedance is defined as the product of the speed of propagation of the ultrasound - by the density of the medium considered.
- a color image can be overlaid on the grayscale image.
- This new representation makes it possible to locate the structures which are no longer fixed but mobile such as the red blood cells flowing in the vessels.
- the physical principle is Doppler mode: when a wave, emitted at a frequency F, meets a moving diffuser (red blood cell), the latter emits a wave of frequency F ⁇ ⁇ F in return.
- the frequency differential ⁇ F is proportional to the speed of movement of this diffuser.
- An equation then governs the relationship between this speed of movement and the Doppler frequency ⁇ F.
- the ultrasound system goes back to speed information from the Doppler frequency actually measured. This speed is then represented on the Doppler image by a color whose intensity allows an appreciation of the speed from the general color scale (red and blue scale depending on the direction of flow).
- a contrast agent enhancing the backscattered signal can be injected into the body before ultrasound measurement.
- a contrast agent for ultrasonic exploration comprising porous particles of an inorganic material which contain a trapped gas or liquid and whose average diameter is between 0, 05 and 500 microns, said inorganic material consisting of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of polymeric or monomeric borates, polymeric or monomeric aluminum oxides, polymeric or monomeric carbonates, polymeric or monomeric silicas and polymeric or monomeric phosphates, and pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic or organic cationic salts of said substances.
- Trisacryl gelatin microspheres for therapeutic embolization by Beaujeux r et al, "trisacryl gelatin microspheres for therapeutic embolization,” by Laurent et al.,
- the ultrasonic contrast products developed and / or on the market at the present time are composed by particles containing air or any gas (conferring the echogenic character) or else by perfluorinated derivatives which are matrices of hydrophobic polymers .
- the inventors have demonstrated, for the first time, the echogenic character of a macromolecular network of hydrophilic polymers and / or copolymers.
- the inventors have now prepared microparticles which can be used as a contrast agent and which do not have the drawbacks of the products of the prior art.
- the microparticles of the invention offer the advantage of being particularly echogenic and appear to be resistant to a prolonged ultrasonic field, that is to say that they exhibit remarkable performances with respect to the phenomenon of insonification.
- echogenic microparticles for ultrasonic exploration and / or their ultrasonic detection characterized in that they have a size of between 0.1 ⁇ m (micrometer) and 2000 ⁇ m and consist of a macromolecular network hydrophilic polymers and / or copolymers.
- said hydrophilic polymers and copolymers comprise alcohol, amino or acid functions.
- the microparticles will have a size varying from 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 7 ⁇ m.
- these microparticles will be used as an ultrasound contrast product.
- Said microparticles can be used for the preparation of a contrast agent for ultrasonic exploration.
- the microparticles will have a size varying from 30 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m.
- these microparticles will be used in the visualization of the embolism by ultrasound.
- These microparticles are likely to constitute: - an implant for vascular occlusion, for filling natural cavities, for filling artificial cavities or for filling surgical cavities; a tissue reconstruction biomaterial.
- microparticles having a size varying from 30 ⁇ m to 2000 ⁇ m can be used as an embolization particle intended for the treatment of cancers.
- these microparticles (from 30 to 2000 ⁇ ms) could be used for the detection of emboli used for the treatment of cancers.
- the polymers and copolymers which constitute the macromolecular network of the particle are preferably functionalized and / or hydrophilic derivatives such as, for example, alcohol, amino or acid derivatives.
- polymers and copolymers are chosen from at least one of the groups comprising: acrylate and methacrylate polymers or copolymers, and their derivatives, salts, esters, amides, anhydrides, nitriles, such as, for example, diethyl amino ethane (DEAE) acrylamide, acrylamide, acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate or methacrylate; vinyl polymers and copolymers and their derivatives, such as, for example, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl sulfonates or phosphates, vinyl pyrrolidone; - polymers and copolymers of ethylene glycol and its derivatives; polymers and copolymers of styrene sulfonate or styrene phosphonate and their derivatives; - polymers and copolymers of polycarboxylic acids such as fumaric, maleic, malic, succinic, citric acids, their salts
- the microparticles consist of:
- N-acryloyltris (hydroxymethyl) methylamine also called Trisacryl
- MCA methylene bisacrylamide
- the subject of the invention is also a composition for ultrasonic exploration comprising the microparticles according to the invention mixed with physiological serum as solvent in order to obtain an injectable solution.
- the suspending medium used for the in vitro experiments could for example consist of a mixture of sterile water and glycerol. Furthermore, the microparticles are present in the composition for a concentration of between 0.25 grams per liter (gl "1 ) and 32 grams per liter (gl -1 ).
- a subject of the invention is therefore also the use of the microparticles mentioned above for the preparation of a composition for ultrasonic exploration in which said microparticles constitute the contrast agent.
- contrast agents according to the invention and the compositions containing them are useful for ultrasonic exploration of the human or animal body and more particularly in the context of the study of vascularization.
- the invention also relates to a method for investigating blood vessels and certain organs or parts of a human body or animal, such as the heart, by standard ultrasound, consisting of the following stages: administration to the subject / patient of a dose of 0.25 to 32 grams of microparticles by blood, emission of ultrasound waves in the region being investigated , reception of ultrasonic wave returns from the microparticles stated above, calculation of ultrasonic enhancement produced by the microparticles using appropriate software on the recorded Doppler images.
- the invention also relates to a method for investigating the embolization of blood vessels, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: administration by blood to the subject / patient of a dose of 0.1 to 20 ml of the above microparticles, emission of ultrasonic waves in the region being investigated, reception of returns of ultrasonic waves from the microparticles stated above, calculation of ultrasound enhancement produced by microparticles using suitable software on the recorded Doppler images.
- the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing defined microparticles.
- a method for manufacturing defined microparticles previously, and more specifically the microparticles having a size varying between 0.1 and 10 ⁇ m, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - production of a reverse mini-emulsion of identical or different monomers, or identical or different polymers in a organic phase comprising a surfactant, by means capable of creating very high shear or very strong stirring or thanks to membrane emulsification, copolymerization or crosslinking of the above stirred emulsion to obtain the microparticles of polymers or copolymers as defined previously, - recovery of the microparticles by centrifugation and redispersion in aqueous or organic media.
- the crosslinking step of the polymer chains will consist in producing, using a reagent, said microparticles, said polymer (s) being chosen from the following list: acrylate and methacrylate polymers or copolymers, and their derivatives, salts, esters, amides, anhydrides, nitriles, such as, for example, DEAE acrylamide, acrylamide, acrylic acid, sodium acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate or methacrylate; vinyl polymers and copolymers and their derivatives, such as, for example, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl sulfonates or phosphates, vinyl pyrrolidone; polymers and copolymers of ethylene glycol and its derivatives; polymers and copolymers of styrene sulfonate or styrene phosphonate and their derivatives; polymers and copolymers of polycarboxylic acids such as fumaric, maleic, malic, succinic,
- dialdehyde compounds such as for example glutaraldehyde for crosslinking PVA chains, and their derivatives ..., co mp osed sd rivés sdi - poly ac ides / amines / alcohols allowing an ester ification reaction with a complementary function found on the polymer chain, compounds derived from di-poly isocyanates used for example in the crosslinking of polyethylene glycol chains.
- the reagent allowing the crosslinking of the above-mentioned polymer (s) may consist of a reagent (or coupling agent) allowing the crosslinking by reacting two functions found on two chains of different polymers, such as crosslinking between two peptide or protein chains, or crosslinking of human serum albumin chains using EDC
- the manufacturing process may also consist of a copolymerization of monomeric agents and of crosslinking monomeric agents.
- the monomers may consist of one or more monomer (s) chosen from the following families of compounds: acrylate and methacrylate monomers, and their derivatives, salts, esters, amides, anhydrides, nitriles, ... as for example, DEAE acrylamide,
- vinyl monomers and their derivatives such as for example vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl sulfonates or phosphates, vinyl pyrrolidone, ethylene glycol monomers and their derivatives, styrene sulfonate monomers or styrene phosphonate and their derivatives.
- the crosslinking agent may in turn consist of any substance having at least two polymerizable functions on the same molecule, such as, for example, N, N 'methylene bisacrylamide (MBA), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDM) or divinyl benzene.
- MBA N, N 'methylene bisacrylamide
- EGDM ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- divinyl benzene ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
- polymerization initiators or crosslinking agent
- crosslinking agent can be chosen from the list below:
- the process for manufacturing the microparticles may consist in modifying an existing polymer chain, by grafting thereon, for example, polymerizable functions, then by causing them to react so as to obtain a bond CC (carbon-carbon) coupling between the polymer chains.
- a bond CC carbon-carbon coupling between the polymer chains.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the echogenicity of the microparticles according to the invention, having a size between 0.1 and 10 microns for various concentrations, depending on the frequency;
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the echogenicity of the microparticles according to the invention, having a size of between 30 and 2000 ⁇ m (“embosphere” registered trademark) for various sizes, depending on the frequency;
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the variation of the power returned by the microparticles according to the invention for a transmission power at 10 MHz as a function of time;
- FIG. 4 illustrates the influence of an ultrasonic insonification at 10 kHz of repetition frequency for the same sample of microparticles as a function of two durations of time.
- Figures 5 and 6 illustrate the visualization of vascularization in the kidney, before ( Figure 5) and after ( Figure 6) in vivo injection of microparticles.
- FIG. 7 represents the quantification of the ultrasound enhancement, expressed in decibels (dB) produced by the microparticles at a 1/32 dilution in the kidney inside the region of interest.
- Example 1 Manufacture of microparticles according to the invention.
- the size of the microparticles depends on several parameters, the main ones being the speed of agitation, the concentration of surfactant and the viscosity ratio between the two media which are the monomer phase.
- aqueous phase and the continuous phase (organic phase).
- microparticles with a size of between 30 micrometers ( ⁇ m) and 2000 ⁇ ms for their use in visualizing vascular embolism by ultrasound we present below two operating modes; one to make microparticles based on trisacryl with porcine gelatin and the other to make microparticles based on sodium acrylate.
- microparticles based on trisacryl with porcine gelatin (“Embosphere” registered trademark)
- Embosphere registered trademark
- the gelatin solution and 1.4 g of ammonium persulfate, previously dissolved in 20 ml of ultra pure water, are added.
- the monomer phase is then poured into the oily phase at 60 ° C. with stirring. 4 ml of N, N, N ', N' tetraethylmethanediamine (TEMED) are then poured into the emulsion.
- TEMED tetraethylmethanediamine
- microparticles are then recovered by decantation and washed carefully. These microparticles are then treated with glutaraldehyde and washed several times at 60 and 90 ° C. Then they are sieved and sterilized by steam in a buffered medium.
- a 10-liter beaker is also used for sodium acrylate-based microparticles.
- the operator pours 4 liters of paraffin oil, 4 ml of Sorbitan trioleate and the mixture is heated in a water bath to a temperature between 54 ° C and 60 ° C.
- the gelatin solution and 1.4 g of ammonium persulfate, previously dissolved in 20 ml of ultra pure water, are added.
- the monomer phase is then poured into the oily phase at 60 ° C. with stirring.
- the microparticles are then recovered by decantation and washed carefully. Then they are sieved and sterilized by steam in a buffered medium.
- Example 2 Result and in vi tro studies relating to the echogenic properties of the microparticles according to the invention
- microparticles As can be seen in FIG. 1, eight dilutions of microparticles were studied, namely 1/512, 1/256, 1/128, 1/64, 1/32, 1/16, 1/8 and 1/4; these dilutions being calculated relative to an initial concentration fixed at 5 grams of microparticles according to the invention in 40 milliliters of suspending medium.
- the graph in FIG. 1 represents the different curves for each of the above concentrations as a function of the frequency.
- - the backscattered power increases with the concentration the backscattered power by the particles is greater than 10 dB from the 1/512 dilution and increases until reaching 25 dB for the greatest concentration at 52 ⁇ J.
- the particles the size of which is between 0.1 and 10 ⁇ m, thus have strong echogenicity properties.
- Echogenicity of microparticles having a size between 30 and 2000 ⁇ m (“embosphere” registered trademark).
- FIG. 2 shows the spectra representative of the backscattered power of the particles embosphere at the power 52 ⁇ J. 4 size ranges have been studied: from 300 to 500 ⁇ m, from 500 to 700 ⁇ m, from 700 to 900 ⁇ m and from 900 ⁇ m to 1200 ⁇ m.
- microparticles present in the suspension were insonified with a 10 MHz wave with a repetition frequency of 1 kHz.
- the backscatter measurements were taken at different time intervals. The results of these measurements are presented in Figure 3.
- the ultrasonic backscatter does not vary significantly over time when the microparticles of the invention are subjected to an ultrasonic field and this for a prolonged period. Consequently, it appears that the microparticles have not been altered or destroyed under the effect of a given and prolonged energy insonification. In view of the previous results, it was decided to continue the study for a higher emitted ultrasonic energy.
- the amplitude of the transmitted wave having been set on the transmitter to its maximum level, the repetition frequency of the wave at 10 kHz has been increased. In this way, the ultrasonic power transmitted to the particles is generally greater for an equivalent time interval.
- microparticles appear to be resistant both to an ultrasonic field and to a shear field applied for a prolonged period.
- Example 3 Quantification of the ultrasonic enhancement of the particles, whose size is between 0.1 and 10 ⁇ m, at different dilutions in vivo in nude mice.
- Suspension medium used in vivo The suspending medium used was composed of 100% sterile water + 9 ° / O0 NaCl
- mice did not have a tumor except when specified
- the syringes systematically had a diameter of 30 ⁇ m.
- Table 2 The table represents the detection of the vessels before and after in vivo injection of the microparticles in nude mice. The vessels were counted by analysis of the echo-Doppler images recorded.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of enhancements obtained in a xenografted tumor on two mice at 1/32 dilution.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show an example of Doppler ultrasound images recorded before and after injection of the microparticles. Vessel detection is significantly improved after injection. From these images, it was possible to count the vessels detected before and after injection.
- the second table summarizes the results obtained, for two study dilutions: 1/64 and 1/32. The average number of additional vessels detected after injection of the particles is on average 2 or 3 vessels.
- the procedure is as follows: the probe is placed in contact with the patient's skin at the place where the examination is to be carried out.
- An ultrasound gel is previously spread over the surface of the probe in order to ensure good transmission of the ultrasound beam between the probe and the tissues, the depth of measurement and the two-dimensional gain of the ultrasound system are respectively adjusted according to the depth where locates the organ of interest and the contrast of the image obtained, when the organ of interest is identified on the image, the examiner proceeds to measure the dimensions of the organ on the stopped image.
- a photographic image is printed and the image is stored digitally, if a visualization of the vessels is necessary, the color Doppler mode is activated.
- the operator activates the pulsed Doppler in order to obtain the triplex mode. This makes it possible to define a precise measurement volume in the flow and to obtain the velocity spectrum over time to measure the circulatory velocities.
- ultrasound allows a descriptive analysis of the morphology and structure of the thyroid. It allows to appreciate: * the dimensions of each lobe (height, thickness and width);
- lymph node areas size, appearance and situation of possible lymphadenopathy
- a high frequency probe (7.5 MHz or more) is essential to obtain a high spatial resolution (linear strip).
- the device must have a regular technical update and quality control.
- a large linear probe, or a sector probe allowing the study of plunging goiter and the measurement of the height of the lobes of a goiter.
- the microparticles are administered to the patient preferably by blood directly where the ultrasound is to be performed.
- the dose administered is variable depending on the patient.
- 0.2 milliliter of an emulsion having a concentration of 0.08 grams of microparticles according to the invention will be administered in 40 milliliters of suspending medium, ie a concentration of 2 grams of microparticles per liter of solvent.
- the solvent will for example consist of physiological serum, containing, of course, no backscattering element.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0301008A FR2850385B1 (fr) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Microparticules echogenes, servant notamment comme agent de contraste pour l'exploration ultrasonique et/ou comme emboles pour le detections ultrasoniques |
| FR0301008 | 2003-01-29 | ||
| PCT/FR2004/000193 WO2004069283A1 (fr) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | Microparticules echogenes, servant notamment comme agent de contraste pour l'exploration ultrasonore et/ou comme emboles pour la detection ultrasonore |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1587548A1 true EP1587548A1 (fr) | 2005-10-26 |
Family
ID=32669320
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04705832A Withdrawn EP1587548A1 (fr) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-01-28 | Microparticules echogenes, servant notamment comme agent de contraste pour l exploration ultrasonore et/ou comme emboles pour la detection ultrasonore |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060153776A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1587548A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2850385B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2004069283A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114306724B (zh) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-11-11 | 上海汇禾医疗科技有限公司 | 一种可缓释药物的栓塞微球及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4004430A1 (de) * | 1990-02-09 | 1991-08-14 | Schering Ag | Aus polyaldehyden aufgebaute kontrastmittel |
| FR2678762B1 (fr) * | 1991-07-02 | 1993-09-17 | Thomson Csf | Materiaux conducteurs a base de polymere conducteur encapsule. |
| IL104084A (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 1996-09-12 | Bracco Int Bv | Long-lasting aqueous suspensions of pressure-resistant gas-filled microvesicles their preparation and contrast agents consisting of them |
| EP0979071B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-30 | 2007-11-07 | Point Biomedical Corporation | Microparticules utilisables comme agents de contraste ou pour la liberation de medicaments dans le flux sanguin |
| US6203778B1 (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2001-03-20 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Particulate radiopaque contrast agent for diagnostic imaging and microvascular characterization |
-
2003
- 2003-01-29 FR FR0301008A patent/FR2850385B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-01-28 US US10/543,660 patent/US20060153776A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-01-28 WO PCT/FR2004/000193 patent/WO2004069283A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2004-01-28 EP EP04705832A patent/EP1587548A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004069283A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2850385B1 (fr) | 2007-04-20 |
| US20060153776A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
| WO2004069283A1 (fr) | 2004-08-19 |
| FR2850385A1 (fr) | 2004-07-30 |
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Inventor name: ROUFFIAC, VALERIE Inventor name: ROCHE, ALAIN Inventor name: REB, PHILIPPE Inventor name: PERONNEAU, PIERRE Inventor name: PACI, ANGELO Inventor name: LASSAU, NATHALIE Inventor name: CHAIX, CELINE |
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