EP1570157B1 - Data transmission device - Google Patents

Data transmission device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1570157B1
EP1570157B1 EP03789526.5A EP03789526A EP1570157B1 EP 1570157 B1 EP1570157 B1 EP 1570157B1 EP 03789526 A EP03789526 A EP 03789526A EP 1570157 B1 EP1570157 B1 EP 1570157B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
transmission
point
adjacent
tubular element
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EP03789526.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1570157A1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Le Briere
Vincent Chatelet
François Guy MILLET
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Geoservices Equipements SAS
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Geoservices Equipements SAS
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • tubular element denotes a hollow and elongated element, for example a substantially cylindrical element.
  • These cables which are referred to as “smooth cables” or “piano wire” in the present application, have the advantage of being simple to use. They inherently have good mechanical properties, unlike torronized electric cables. The achievement of sealing at the wellhead is particularly easier on the "piano string” type of cables than on the torroned electric cables.
  • Torronized electric cables are also known which make it possible to fulfill transmission functions of electrical quantities.
  • these cables are more expensive and their handling at the wellhead is more complicated than that of a smooth cable.
  • WO 01/20129 discloses a communication system in an oil well using a cable as an antenna.
  • US6,392,561 describes a bottom tool for drilling down with a drill string. This tool includes a communication system within the tool.
  • the main purpose of the invention is to make it possible, by particularly simple and economical means, to transmit data between a surface control device and a tool placed at the end of a "piano wire” type cable or between measuring means. located in the well, and the surface.
  • the subject of the invention is a device according to claim 1.
  • the device may comprise one or more of the features of claims 2 to 12.
  • the invention also relates to an installation according to claim 13.
  • the installation according to the invention may comprise one or more of the features of claims 14 to 16.
  • a device according to the invention is used, for example, during interventions in an installation 1 of oil production wells, such as a measurement campaign downhole or a perforation operation carried out using a tool mounted in the end of a "piano string" type cable.
  • the device comprises a smooth cable 3 supporting an intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 and associated with deployment means 7.
  • the device further comprises first means 9 and second means 11 for transmitting / receiving a signal electrical and / or electromagnetic.
  • the installation 1 of oil production wells comprises a cavity 13 or "well” closed by a wellhead 15, at the surface 17 of the soil.
  • This cavity 13 is of generally tubular shape. It extends between the surface of the ground 17 and the sheet of fluid to be exploited (not shown) located deep in a formation of the subsoil 19. It is delimited by a first external tubular conduit 21 called "casing", composed of an assembly of tubes of electrically conductive material (metal).
  • a second tubular duct 25 (called “production casing") of smaller diameter is mounted inside the first duct 21 and also formed of an assembly of metal metal tubes.
  • This second duct 25 is keyed substantially in the center of the first duct 21 by means of central 27 blades, electrically conductive material (metal).
  • the wellhead 15 comprises a body 31 made of an electrically conductive material provided with an intervention valve 33.
  • the body 31 of the wellhead 15 is mounted on the end of the first conduit 21 to the surface of the ground 17.
  • the end of the second conduit 25 is mounted in the body 31.
  • the second conduit 25 is closed by the valve intervention 33 located in the extension of the second conduit 25.
  • the smooth cable 3 is a monofilament cable type "piano wire” or “slickline”. It is made of metallic material, such as a galvanized or stainless steel (for example type 316). This smooth cable has good tensile strength and adequate flexibility. Typically, this type of cable has a breaking load of 300 to 1500 daN, preferably 600 to 1000 daN, and a relatively high electrical resistance, between 30 m ⁇ / m and 500 m ⁇ / m, preferably between 35 m ⁇ / m and 300 m ⁇ / m.
  • the diameter of the smooth cable 3 is adapted to be introduced into the wellhead 15.
  • the diameter of the cables of this type is between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1.5 mm and 4 mm.
  • the smooth cable 3 is introduced into the second conduit 25 by means of deployment means 7.
  • These means 7 comprise a winch 41 provided with a winder 42 associated with a hydraulic or electrical unit 43 and a device 45 for alignment and sealing.
  • the deployment means 7 of the smooth cable 3 can be placed on the ground 17 or possibly on a vehicle (not shown).
  • the first end of the smooth cable 3 is fixed to the reel 42.
  • the alignment and sealing device 45 comprises two return pulleys 49, a lock 51 and a gland 53.
  • the seal at the lock 51 can be achieved by a simple gland 53.
  • the smooth cable 3 carries at its free end an intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 comprising, in this case, an active part 55, in particular a tool, and a control part 57.
  • the tool 55 makes it possible to carry out one or more operations in the well. These operations are controlled from the ground surface 17, using the data transmission device according to the invention:
  • the outer surface of the smooth cable 3 is totally electrically insulated from the second conduit 25.
  • an electrically insulating material is applied to the outer surface of the smooth cable 3.
  • This continuous insulating material may be selected from a thermoplastic material, a paint, or a resin and be permanently applied to the cable. It may also be applied temporarily and be selected from fats, lubricants, tars or the like.
  • the application of the insulating material on the smooth cable 3 can be performed during drawing or conditioning of the cable 3. This application can also be carried out on the site, in the vicinity of the cavity 13, by means of a device 61 of FIG. described application Figure 2 .
  • This application device can be inserted in the lock 51 between its end 53 and the intervention valve 33 of the wellhead. It comprises a chamber 63 for applying an insulating product injected through a valve 65 and means 67 for cooking, melting or polymerizing this product, such as, for example, induction heating coils.
  • the return pulleys 49 and the winder 42 must be electrically isolated from the wellhead and / or the formation 19 to ensure the proper functioning of the transmission device. according to the invention.
  • the application device 61 can also be placed between the winch 41 and the lower idler pulley 49.
  • an uncoated standard smooth cable 3 (whose diameter is for example 2.34 mm or 2.74 mm) and to apply to this smooth cable 3 a coating of thickness equal to half the difference in diameter. between this cable 3 and a standard smooth cable of greater diameter.
  • the diameter of the coated smooth cable 3 is of standard size compared to the existing equipment of "slick line" (2.74 mm or 3.17 mm in the example above). The coated smooth cable 3 then easily adapts to existing "slick line" equipment.
  • the smooth cable 3 can be electrically isolated from the second conduit by means of centralizers 71 of insulating material arranged at regular intervals in the second conduit 25, without the use of an insulating coating.
  • First means 9 for transmitting and receiving an electrical signal are arranged in the vicinity of the wellhead 15. They comprise a control unit 73, electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the wellhead 15.
  • Second means 11 for transmitting and receiving an electrical signal are mounted on the second end of the smooth cable 3 in the vicinity of the tool 55.
  • the second transmitting and receiving means 11 are connected to the control part. 57.
  • these means 11 are also electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the second conduit 25.
  • the first and second transmission and reception means comprise an electronic circuit and an energy source, for example a battery. They can send and receive a modulated alternating electric signal of low or medium frequency. These means known per se are not described in detail.
  • An example of a transmitter / receiver that can be used in this device is provided by GEOSERVICES under the name WTD (Wireless Transmitted Data).
  • Low or medium frequency means frequencies between 1 Hz and 50000 Hz, preferably between 5 Hz and 5000 Hz.
  • the transmission of data between the transmitting means and the receiving means takes place over distances between 0 and 10000 m, preferably between 500 and 6000 m.
  • the electrical signal transmitted from the surface to the bottom is, in this case, a control signal generated by the operator and the electrical signal transmitted from the bottom to the surface is a validation signal generated by the control part 57.
  • the current injected by the emitting means 9, 11 is between 0 and 10 amperes, preferably between 0 and 2 amps, at a voltage of 0 to 50 volts, preferably 5 to 25 volts.
  • These means are identical to those commonly used in the context of electromagnetic signal data transmission.
  • a current source as used in torronized electric cable signal transmissions may be used in this first embodiment.
  • An example of a current source that can be used is provided by the company GEOSERVICES under the name EMROD ® shuttle.
  • the surface operator actuates a simple transmitter 9 and the intervention unit 5 and / or measurements may be provided only with receiving means 11.
  • intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 may also comprise means (not shown) for detecting physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, depth, status of a depth valve, radiation natural terrain ( ⁇ radiation), localization of Casing Collar Locators or other.
  • the intervention and / or measurement assembly may comprise only detection means and a transmitter 11, the surface then being equipped only with reception means 9.
  • the first transmission / reception means 9 on the ground surface 17 emit an electrical control signal in the form of a modulated electric current. Since the smooth cable 3 is electrically isolated from the second conduit 25, a current loop is established between the first transmission / reception means 9, the smooth cable 3, the second transmission / reception means 11, the second conduit 25 and the wellhead 15. Despite the poor electrical conductivity properties of the cable 3, the electrical control signal is transmitted to the control member 57 of the intervention and / or measurement assembly via the cable 3. active part 55 of the intervention set 5 and / or measurements then executes the command for example, trigger an explosive charge.
  • the second transmission / reception means 11 emit an electrical validation signal in the form of an electric current flowing on the current loop described previously.
  • This validation signal is received by the first transmitting / receiving means 9.
  • a surface operator can therefore receive a confirmation of the proper execution of the commanded operation and proceed to the next operation (for example, reassembling the cable and the intervention set and / or measures).
  • a second data transmission device is represented on the Figure 3 .
  • the smooth cable 3 is disposed in the annular space between the first conduit 21 and the second conduit 25.
  • This smooth cable 3 is permanently installed in the oil well installation represented Figure 3 .
  • the smooth cable 3 can be fixed on the outer surface of the second conduit 25 by fasteners 75 and positioned during the introduction of the second conduit 25 in the first conduit 21.
  • the outer surface of the smooth cable 3 is coated with a permanently applied insulating material.
  • the deployment means 7 are no longer necessary.
  • the smooth cable is therefore directly connected to the control unit 73.
  • the operation of the second device according to the invention is also identical to that of the first device according to the invention.
  • a third data transmission device is represented on the Figure 4 .
  • the surface of the smooth cable 3 has at least one electrical contact point 81 with the second conduit 25.
  • the first transmitting / receiving means 9 are electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the formation of the sub-ground 19, via a pile 83 made of a conductive material. electricity, planted in formation 19 on the soil surface 17.
  • the pile 83 can be planted in an underwater bottom, if the installation is related to drilling in the open sea.
  • the operation of the third device according to the invention is similar to that of the first device according to the invention.
  • the first transmission / reception means 9 emit an electrical control signal. This signal is identical to that generated in the first device according to the invention. It can therefore be generated by identical means.
  • This signal is injected into a first dipole formed by, on the one hand, the point of contact 84 between the cable 3 and the first transmission / reception means and, on the other hand, the pile 83.
  • the electric signal injected into this first dipole gives rise to the propagation, in the terrain surrounding the well of an electromagnetic control signal, in this case an electromagnetic wave, which contains the information to be transmitted.
  • This electromagnetic control signal then descends towards the bottom of the well, guided by the smooth cable 3 and / or the second conduit 25.
  • This electromagnetic control signal is collected by a second dipole formed between, on the one hand, the contact point 81 of the cable 3 with the second conduit 25 closest to the intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 and, secondly, the electrical contact point 87 of the second transmission / reception means 9 with the second conduit 25, the second conduit being electrically connected to the formation 19 by the centralizers 27 and the first conduit 21.
  • the electromagnetic signal received on the second dipole generates an electrical signal which is received by the second transmitting / receiving means 11.
  • the validation signal of the intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 is generated in the form of an electrical signal injected on a first dipole formed by, on the one hand, the electrical contact point 81 between the 3 and the second conduit 25 closest to the intervention 5 and / or measurements assembly and, on the other hand, the electrical contact point 87 between the transmission means 11 and the second conduit 25. last contact point is electrically connected to the formation 19.
  • the electrical signal injected into the first dipole gives rise to the propagation, in the terrain surrounding the well of an electromagnetic control signal, in this case an electromagnetic wave, which contains the information to be transmitted.
  • This electromagnetic validation signal then rises to the surface, guided by the smooth cable 3 and / or the second conduit 25.
  • This electromagnetic validation signal is collected by a second dipole formed between, on the one hand, the electrical contact point 84 first transmission / reception means 9 with the cable 3 and, on the other hand, the electrical contact point of the first transmission / reception means 9 with the formation 19 at the pile 83.
  • the electromagnetic signal received on the second dipole generates an electrical signal which is received by the first transmitting / receiving means 9.
  • a device for the transmission of real-time data between a tool located at the end of a smooth single-strand cable of the "piano wire" type arranged in the bottom of the an installation of oil production wells and a control device on the surface.
  • the device can easily adapt to an existing installation.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif selon le préambule dé la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Le terme « élément tubulaire » désigne un élément creux et allongé, par exemple un élément sensiblement cylindrique.The term "tubular element" denotes a hollow and elongated element, for example a substantially cylindrical element.

Il est connu d'utiliser des câbles lisses monobrin, de type « corde à piano » (ou « slickline ») pour réaliser diverses opérations mécaniques (désignées communément par «opérations au câble» ou « opérations slickline ») au fond d'un puits de pétrole ou d'un autre effluent (notamment gaz, vapeur, eau). Ces opérations peuvent être, par exemple, l'ouverture et la fermeture de vannes, la mise en place d'éléments, ou la perforation d'une paroi.It is known to use single-strand smooth cables of the "piano wire" (or "slickline") type for carrying out various mechanical operations (commonly referred to as "cable operations" or "slickline operations") at the bottom of a well. oil or other effluent (including gas, steam, water). These operations may be, for example, the opening and closing of valves, the introduction of elements, or the perforation of a wall.

Ces câbles, qui sont désignés par « câbles lisses » ou « corde à piano » dans la présente demande, présentent l'avantage d'être simples à utiliser. Ils possèdent par nature de bonnes propriétés mécaniques, contrairement aux câbles électriques torronés. La réalisation de l'étanchéité en tête de puits est notamment plus aisée sur les câbles de type « corde à piano » que sur les câbles électriques torronés.These cables, which are referred to as "smooth cables" or "piano wire" in the present application, have the advantage of being simple to use. They inherently have good mechanical properties, unlike torronized electric cables. The achievement of sealing at the wellhead is particularly easier on the "piano string" type of cables than on the torroned electric cables.

Cependant, leur usage est limité à une fonction mécanique, ce qui peut présenter des inconvénients. Par exemple, dans le cas d'opérations de perforation, lorsqu'une charge explosive est descendue au fond du puits en bout d'un câble de type « corde à piano », un minuteur est prévu, qui provoque le déclenchement de l'explosif au bout d'un temps prédéterminé. Dans un tel cas, un opérateur en surface ne possède aucun moyen pour s'assurer que l'explosion a bien eu lieu et lorsque le câble est remonté en surface, l'outil peut contenir des charges explosives résiduelles, ce qui peut être dangereux.However, their use is limited to a mechanical function, which can have disadvantages. For example, in the case of perforation operations, when an explosive charge is lowered to the bottom of the well at the end of a "piano string" type cable, a timer is provided which triggers the explosive after a predetermined time. In such a case, a surface operator has no means to ensure that the explosion has occurred and when the cable is raised to the surface, the tool may contain residual explosive charges, which can be dangerous.

On connaît par ailleurs des câbles électriques torronés qui permettent de remplir des fonctions de transmission de grandeurs électriques. Toutefois, ces câbles sont plus coûteux et leur maniement en tête de puits est plus compliqué que celui d'un câble lisse.Torronized electric cables are also known which make it possible to fulfill transmission functions of electrical quantities. However, these cables are more expensive and their handling at the wellhead is more complicated than that of a smooth cable.

WO 01/20129 divulgue un système de communication dans un puits de pétrole utilisant un câble comme antenne. WO 01/20129 discloses a communication system in an oil well using a cable as an antenna.

US 6,392,561 décrit un outil de fond destiné au forage, descendu à l'aide d'un train de tiges. Cet outil comprend un système de communication au sein de l'outil. US6,392,561 describes a bottom tool for drilling down with a drill string. This tool includes a communication system within the tool.

L'invention a pour but principal de permettre par des moyens particulièrement simples et économiques la transmission de données entre un dispositif de commande en surface et un outil disposé au bout d'un câble de type « corde à piano » ou entre des moyens de mesure situés dans le puits, et la surface.The main purpose of the invention is to make it possible, by particularly simple and economical means, to transmit data between a surface control device and a tool placed at the end of a "piano wire" type cable or between measuring means. located in the well, and the surface.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif selon la revendication 1. Le dispositif peut comprendre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications 2 à 12.For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device according to claim 1. The device may comprise one or more of the features of claims 2 to 12.

L'invention a également pour objet une installation selon la revendication 13.The invention also relates to an installation according to claim 13.

L'installation selon l'invention peut comporter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications 14 à 16.The installation according to the invention may comprise one or more of the features of claims 14 to 16.

Des exemples de mise en oeuvre de l'invention vont maintenant être décrits en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la Figure 1 représente schématiquement une première configuration d'un dispositif de transmission selon invention ;
  • la Figure 2 représente schématiquement un dispositif d'application in-situ d'un revêtement isolant sur la surface du câble de type « corde à piano » ;
  • la Figure 3 représente schématiquement une deuxième configuration d'un dispositif de transmission selon l'invention ; et
  • la Figure 4 représente schématiquement une troisième configuration d'un dispositif de transmission selon l'invention.
Examples of implementation of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the Figure 1 schematically represents a first configuration of a transmission device according to the invention;
  • the Figure 2 schematically represents a device for in-situ application of an insulating coating on the surface of the "piano string" type cable;
  • the Figure 3 schematically represents a second configuration of a transmission device according to the invention; and
  • the Figure 4 schematically represents a third configuration of a transmission device according to the invention.

Un dispositif selon l'invention est utilisé par exemple lors d'interventions dans une installation 1 de puits de production de pétrole, comme une campagne de mesures en fond de forage ou une opération de perforation réalisée à l'aide d'un outil monté au bout d'un câble de type « corde à piano ».A device according to the invention is used, for example, during interventions in an installation 1 of oil production wells, such as a measurement campaign downhole or a perforation operation carried out using a tool mounted in the end of a "piano string" type cable.

Il comprend un câble lisse 3 supportant un ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures et associé à des moyens de déploiement 7. Le dispositif comprend en outre des premiers moyens 9 et des seconds moyens 11 d'émission/réception d'un signal électrique et/ou électromagnétique.It comprises a smooth cable 3 supporting an intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 and associated with deployment means 7. The device further comprises first means 9 and second means 11 for transmitting / receiving a signal electrical and / or electromagnetic.

L'installation 1 de puits de production de pétrole comprend une cavité 13 ou « puits » fermée par une tête de puits 15, au niveau de la surface 17 du sol.The installation 1 of oil production wells comprises a cavity 13 or "well" closed by a wellhead 15, at the surface 17 of the soil.

Cette cavité 13 est de forme généralement tubulaire. Elle s'étend entre la surface du sol 17 et la nappe de fluide à exploiter (non représentée) située en profondeur dans une formation du sous-sol 19. Elle est délimitée par un premier conduit tubulaire 21 extérieur appelé « cuvelage », composé d'un assemblage de tubes en matériau conducteur de l'électricité (métal).This cavity 13 is of generally tubular shape. It extends between the surface of the ground 17 and the sheet of fluid to be exploited (not shown) located deep in a formation of the subsoil 19. It is delimited by a first external tubular conduit 21 called "casing", composed of an assembly of tubes of electrically conductive material (metal).

Un second conduit tubulaire 25 (appelé « tubage de production ») de diamètre plus faible, est monté à l'intérieur du premier conduit 21 et formé également d'un assemblage de tubes métalliques en métal. Ce second conduit 25 est calé sensiblement au centre du premier conduit 21 au moyen de centreurs 27 à lames, en matériau conducteur de l'électricité (métal).A second tubular duct 25 (called "production casing") of smaller diameter is mounted inside the first duct 21 and also formed of an assembly of metal metal tubes. This second duct 25 is keyed substantially in the center of the first duct 21 by means of central 27 blades, electrically conductive material (metal).

La tête de puits 15 comprend un corps 31 en matériau conducteur de l'électricité, muni d'une vanne d'intervention 33.The wellhead 15 comprises a body 31 made of an electrically conductive material provided with an intervention valve 33.

Le corps 31 de la tête de puits 15 est monté sur l'extrémité du premier conduit 21 à la surface du sol 17. L'extrémité du second conduit 25 est montée dans le corps 31. Le second conduit 25 est fermé par la vanne d'intervention 33 située dans le prolongement du second conduit 25.The body 31 of the wellhead 15 is mounted on the end of the first conduit 21 to the surface of the ground 17. The end of the second conduit 25 is mounted in the body 31. The second conduit 25 is closed by the valve intervention 33 located in the extension of the second conduit 25.

Le câble lisse 3 est un câble monobrin de type « corde à piano » ou « slickline ». Il est réalisé en matériau métallique, tel qu'un acier galvanisé ou inoxydable (par exemple type 316). Ce câble lisse possède une bonne résistance à la traction et une flexibilité adéquate. Typiquement, ce type de câble possède une charge à la rupture de 300 à 1500 daN, de préférence de 600 à 1000 daN, et une résistance électrique relativement élevée, comprise entre 30 mΩ/m et 500 mΩ/m, de préférence entre 35 mΩ/m et 300 mΩ/m.The smooth cable 3 is a monofilament cable type "piano wire" or "slickline". It is made of metallic material, such as a galvanized or stainless steel (for example type 316). This smooth cable has good tensile strength and adequate flexibility. Typically, this type of cable has a breaking load of 300 to 1500 daN, preferably 600 to 1000 daN, and a relatively high electrical resistance, between 30 mΩ / m and 500 mΩ / m, preferably between 35 mΩ / m and 300 mΩ / m.

Le diamètre du câble lisse 3 est adapté pour être introduit dans la tête de puits 15. Typiquement, le diamètre des câbles de ce type est compris entre 1 mm et 5 mm, préférentiellement entre 1,5 mm et 4 mm.The diameter of the smooth cable 3 is adapted to be introduced into the wellhead 15. Typically, the diameter of the cables of this type is between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 1.5 mm and 4 mm.

Le câble lisse 3 est introduit dans le second conduit 25 à l'aide de moyens de déploiement 7. Ces moyens 7 comprennent un treuil 41 muni d'un enrouleur 42 associé à une centrale hydraulique ou électrique 43 et un dispositif 45 d'alignement et d'étanchéité.The smooth cable 3 is introduced into the second conduit 25 by means of deployment means 7. These means 7 comprise a winch 41 provided with a winder 42 associated with a hydraulic or electrical unit 43 and a device 45 for alignment and sealing.

Les moyens de déploiement 7 du câble lisse 3 peuvent être posés sur le sol 17 ou éventuellement embarqués sur un véhicule (non représenté).The deployment means 7 of the smooth cable 3 can be placed on the ground 17 or possibly on a vehicle (not shown).

La première extrémité du câble lisse 3 est fixée à l'enrouleur 42. Le dispositif 45 d'alignement et d'étanchéité comprend deux poulies 49 de renvoi, un sas 51 et un presse-étoupe 53.The first end of the smooth cable 3 is fixed to the reel 42. The alignment and sealing device 45 comprises two return pulleys 49, a lock 51 and a gland 53.

La surface extérieure du câble 3 étant lisse, l'étanchéité au niveau du sas 51 peut être réalisée par un simple presse-étoupe 53.The outer surface of the cable 3 being smooth, the seal at the lock 51 can be achieved by a simple gland 53.

Le câble lisse 3 porte à son extrémité libre un ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures comprenant, dans ce cas, une partie active 55, notamment un outil, et une partie de commande 57.The smooth cable 3 carries at its free end an intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 comprising, in this case, an active part 55, in particular a tool, and a control part 57.

L'outil 55 permet de réaliser une ou plusieurs opérations dans le puits. Ces opérations sont commandées à partir de la surface du sol 17, à l'aide du dispositif de transmission de données selon l'invention:The tool 55 makes it possible to carry out one or more operations in the well. These operations are controlled from the ground surface 17, using the data transmission device according to the invention:

Dans le premier mode de réalisation (Figure 1), la surface extérieure du câble lisse 3 est totalement isolée électriquement du second conduit 25. Pour cela, un matériau isolant électriquement est appliqué sur la surface extérieure du câble lisse 3.In the first embodiment ( Figure 1 ), the outer surface of the smooth cable 3 is totally electrically insulated from the second conduit 25. For this, an electrically insulating material is applied to the outer surface of the smooth cable 3.

Ce matériau isolant continu peut être choisi parmi un matériau thermoplastique, une peinture, ou une résine et être appliqué de manière permanente sur le câble. Il peut aussi être appliqué de façon temporaire et être choisi parmi les graisses, les lubrifiants, les goudrons ou produits analogues.This continuous insulating material may be selected from a thermoplastic material, a paint, or a resin and be permanently applied to the cable. It may also be applied temporarily and be selected from fats, lubricants, tars or the like.

L'application du matériau isolant sur le câble lisse 3 peut être effectuée lors du tréfilage ou du conditionnement du câble 3. Cette application peut aussi être effectuée sur le site, au voisinage de la cavité 13, au moyen d'un dispositif 61 d'application décrit Figure 2.The application of the insulating material on the smooth cable 3 can be performed during drawing or conditioning of the cable 3. This application can also be carried out on the site, in the vicinity of the cavity 13, by means of a device 61 of FIG. described application Figure 2 .

Ce dispositif d'application peut être intercalé dans le sas 51 entre son extrémité 53 et la vanne d'intervention 33 de la tête de puits. Il comprend une chambre 63 d'application d'un produit isolant injecté au travers d'une vanne 65 et des moyens 67 de cuisson, fusion ou polymérisation de ce produit, comme par exemple des spires de chauffage par induction.This application device can be inserted in the lock 51 between its end 53 and the intervention valve 33 of the wellhead. It comprises a chamber 63 for applying an insulating product injected through a valve 65 and means 67 for cooking, melting or polymerizing this product, such as, for example, induction heating coils.

Si le dispositif d'application 61 est disposé dans le sas 51, les poulies de renvoi 49 ainsi que l'enrouleur 42 doivent être isolés électriquement de la tête de puits et/ou de la formation 19 pour assurer le bon fonctionnement du dispositif de transmission selon l'invention.If the application device 61 is disposed in the airlock 51, the return pulleys 49 and the winder 42 must be electrically isolated from the wellhead and / or the formation 19 to ensure the proper functioning of the transmission device. according to the invention.

En variante, le dispositif d'application 61 peut aussi être placé entre le treuil 41 et la poulie de renvoi inférieure 49.Alternatively, the application device 61 can also be placed between the winch 41 and the lower idler pulley 49.

Avantageusement, on peut utiliser un câble lisse 3 standard non revêtu (dont le diamètre est par exemple 2,34 mm ou 2,74 mm) et appliquer à ce câble lisse 3 un revêtement d'épaisseur égale à la moitié de la différence de diamètre entre ce câble 3 et un câble lisse standard de diamètre supérieur. Ainsi, le diamètre du câble lisse 3 revêtu est de taille standard par rapport aux équipements existants de « slick line » (2,74 mm ou 3,17 mm dans l'exemple ci-dessus). Le câble lisse 3 revêtu s'adapte alors facilement aux équipements existants de « slick line ».Advantageously, it is possible to use an uncoated standard smooth cable 3 (whose diameter is for example 2.34 mm or 2.74 mm) and to apply to this smooth cable 3 a coating of thickness equal to half the difference in diameter. between this cable 3 and a standard smooth cable of greater diameter. Thus, the diameter of the coated smooth cable 3 is of standard size compared to the existing equipment of "slick line" (2.74 mm or 3.17 mm in the example above). The coated smooth cable 3 then easily adapts to existing "slick line" equipment.

Dans une variante (non représentée) de l'invention, le câble lisse 3 peut être isolé électriquement du second conduit au moyen de centreurs 71 en matériau isolant disposés à intervalles réguliers dans le second conduit 25, sans l'utilisation d'un revêtement isolant.In a variant (not shown) of the invention, the smooth cable 3 can be electrically isolated from the second conduit by means of centralizers 71 of insulating material arranged at regular intervals in the second conduit 25, without the use of an insulating coating.

Des premiers moyens 9 d'émission et de réception d'un signal électrique sont disposés au voisinage de la tête de puits 15. Ils comprennent une unité 73 de commande, reliée électriquement d'une part au câble lisse 3 et d'autre part à la tête de puits 15.First means 9 for transmitting and receiving an electrical signal are arranged in the vicinity of the wellhead 15. They comprise a control unit 73, electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the wellhead 15.

Des seconds moyens 11 d'émission et de réception d'un signal électrique sont montés sur la seconde extrémité du câble lisse 3 au voisinage de l'outil 55. Les seconds moyens d'émission et de réception 11 sont connectés à la partie de commande 57. Dans ce premier dispositif de transmission selon l'invention, ces moyens 11 sont par ailleurs reliés électriquement d'une part au câble lisse 3 et d'autre part au second conduit 25.Second means 11 for transmitting and receiving an electrical signal are mounted on the second end of the smooth cable 3 in the vicinity of the tool 55. The second transmitting and receiving means 11 are connected to the control part. 57. In this first transmission device according to the invention, these means 11 are also electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the second conduit 25.

Les premiers et seconds moyens d'émission et de réception comprennent un circuit électronique et une source d'énergie, par exemple une batterie. Ils peuvent émettre et recevoir un signal électrique alternatif modulé de basse ou moyenne fréquence. Ces moyens connus en soi ne sont pas décrits en détail. Un exemple d'émetteur/récepteur pouvant être utilisé dans ce dispositif est proposé par la société GEOSERVICES sous la dénomination WTD (Wireless Transmitted Data).The first and second transmission and reception means comprise an electronic circuit and an energy source, for example a battery. They can send and receive a modulated alternating electric signal of low or medium frequency. These means known per se are not described in detail. An example of a transmitter / receiver that can be used in this device is provided by GEOSERVICES under the name WTD (Wireless Transmitted Data).

Par basse ou moyenne fréquence, on entend des fréquences comprises entre 1 Hz et 50000 Hz, de préférence entre 5 Hz et 5000 Hz. La transmission des données entre les moyens d'émission et les moyens de réception s'effectue sur des distances comprises entre 0 et 10000 m, de préférence entre 500 et 6000 m.Low or medium frequency means frequencies between 1 Hz and 50000 Hz, preferably between 5 Hz and 5000 Hz. The transmission of data between the transmitting means and the receiving means takes place over distances between 0 and 10000 m, preferably between 500 and 6000 m.

Le signal électrique transmis de la surface vers le fond est, dans ce cas, un signal de commande généré par l'opérateur et le signal électrique transmis depuis le fond vers la surface est un signal de validation généré par la partie de commande 57.The electrical signal transmitted from the surface to the bottom is, in this case, a control signal generated by the operator and the electrical signal transmitted from the bottom to the surface is a validation signal generated by the control part 57.

Par ailleurs, le courant injecté par les moyens d'émission 9, 11 est compris entre 0 et 10 Ampères, préférentiellement entre 0 et 2 Ampères, sous une tension de 0 à 50 Volts, préférentiellement de 5 à 25 Volts. Ces moyens sont identiques à ceux utilisés couramment dans le cadre des transmissions de données par signal électromagnétique.Furthermore, the current injected by the emitting means 9, 11 is between 0 and 10 amperes, preferably between 0 and 2 amps, at a voltage of 0 to 50 volts, preferably 5 to 25 volts. These means are identical to those commonly used in the context of electromagnetic signal data transmission.

En variante, une source de courant, telle qu'utilisée dans les transmissions de signal par câble électrique torroné peut être utilisée dans ce premier mode de réalisation. Un exemple de source de courant pouvant être utilisée est proposé par la société GEOSERVICES sous le nom navette EMROD®.Alternatively, a current source as used in torronized electric cable signal transmissions may be used in this first embodiment. An example of a current source that can be used is provided by the company GEOSERVICES under the name EMROD ® shuttle.

Par ailleurs, dans le cas où seule une transmission depuis la surface vers le fond du puits est nécessaire, par exemple pour une simple commande, l'opérateur en surface actionne un simple émetteur 9 et l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures peut être muni seulement de moyens de réception 11.On the other hand, in the case where only a transmission from the surface to the bottom of the well is necessary, for example for a simple command, the surface operator actuates a simple transmitter 9 and the intervention unit 5 and / or measurements may be provided only with receiving means 11.

Dans une autre variante, l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures peut aussi comporter des moyens (non représentés) de détection de grandeurs physiques telles que température, pression, débit, profondeur, statut d'une vanne de profondeur, rayonnement naturel du terrain (rayonnement γ), localisation de joints de tubage (« Casing Collar Locator ») ou autres.In another variant, the intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 may also comprise means (not shown) for detecting physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, depth, status of a depth valve, radiation natural terrain (γ radiation), localization of Casing Collar Locators or other.

Dans le cas de simples campagnes de mesures en fond de puits, l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures peut comprendre seulement des moyens de détection et un émetteur 11, la surface étant alors équipée seulement de moyens de réception 9.In the case of simple downhole measurement campaigns, the intervention and / or measurement assembly may comprise only detection means and a transmitter 11, the surface then being equipped only with reception means 9.

Le fonctionnement du premier dispositif selon l'invention lors d'une opération de perforation va maintenant être décrit comme exemple.The operation of the first device according to the invention during a perforation operation will now be described as an example.

Lorsque l'ensemble d'intervention 5 ou/et de mesures a atteint la profondeur souhaitée, les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9 à la surface du sol 17 émettent un signal électrique de commande sous forme d'un courant électrique modulé. Le câble lisse 3 étant isolé électriquement du second conduit 25, une boucle de courant est établie entre les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9, le câble lisse 3, les seconds moyens d'émission/réception 11, le second conduit 25 et la tête de puits 15. Malgré les propriétés médiocres de conductivité électrique du câble 3, le signal électrique de commande est transmis à l'organe de commande 57 de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures, via le câble 3. La partie active 55 de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures exécute alors la commande par exemple, déclencher une charge explosive.When the intervention assembly 5 and / or measures has reached the desired depth, the first transmission / reception means 9 on the ground surface 17 emit an electrical control signal in the form of a modulated electric current. Since the smooth cable 3 is electrically isolated from the second conduit 25, a current loop is established between the first transmission / reception means 9, the smooth cable 3, the second transmission / reception means 11, the second conduit 25 and the wellhead 15. Despite the poor electrical conductivity properties of the cable 3, the electrical control signal is transmitted to the control member 57 of the intervention and / or measurement assembly via the cable 3. active part 55 of the intervention set 5 and / or measurements then executes the command for example, trigger an explosive charge.

Lorsque la partie active 55 de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures a fini d'exécuter la commande, les seconds moyens d'émission/réception 11 émettent un signal électrique de validation sous forme d'un courant électrique circulant sur la boucle de courant décrite précédemment. Ce signal de validation est reçu par les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9. Un opérateur en surface peut donc recevoir une confirmation de la bonne exécution de l'opération commandée et passer à l'opération suivante (par exemple, remonter le câble et l'ensemble d'intervention ou/et de mesures).When the active part 55 of the intervention and / or measurement assembly has finished executing the command, the second transmission / reception means 11 emit an electrical validation signal in the form of an electric current flowing on the current loop described previously. This validation signal is received by the first transmitting / receiving means 9. A surface operator can therefore receive a confirmation of the proper execution of the commanded operation and proceed to the next operation (for example, reassembling the cable and the intervention set and / or measures).

Un deuxième dispositif de transmission de données selon l'invention est représenté sur la Figure 3.A second data transmission device according to the invention is represented on the Figure 3 .

A la différence du premier dispositif selon l'invention, le câble lisse 3 est disposé dans l'espace annulaire entre le premier conduit 21 et le second conduit 25.Unlike the first device according to the invention, the smooth cable 3 is disposed in the annular space between the first conduit 21 and the second conduit 25.

Ce câble lisse 3 est installé de manière permanente dans l'installation de puits de production de pétrole représentée Figure 3. A cet effet, le câble lisse 3 peut être fixé sur la surface extérieure du second conduit 25 par des attaches 75 et positionné lors de la mise en place du second conduit 25 dans le premier conduit 21.This smooth cable 3 is permanently installed in the oil well installation represented Figure 3 . For this purpose, the smooth cable 3 can be fixed on the outer surface of the second conduit 25 by fasteners 75 and positioned during the introduction of the second conduit 25 in the first conduit 21.

Dans ce deuxième dispositif selon l'invention, la surface extérieure du câble lisse 3 est revêtue par un matériau isolant appliqué de manière permanente.In this second device according to the invention, the outer surface of the smooth cable 3 is coated with a permanently applied insulating material.

A la différence de l'installation représentée sur la Figure 1, les moyens de déploiement 7 ne sont plus nécessaires. Le câble lisse est donc directement relié à l'unité de commande 73.Unlike the installation represented on the Figure 1 the deployment means 7 are no longer necessary. The smooth cable is therefore directly connected to the control unit 73.

Le fonctionnement du deuxième dispositif selon l'invention est par ailleurs identique à celui du premier dispositif selon l'invention.The operation of the second device according to the invention is also identical to that of the first device according to the invention.

Un troisième dispositif de transmission de données selon l'invention est représenté sur la Figure 4.A third data transmission device according to the invention is represented on the Figure 4 .

A la différence du dispositif représenté sur la Figure 1, la surface du câble lisse 3 a au moins un point de contact électrique 81 avec le second conduit 25.Unlike the device shown on the Figure 1 the surface of the smooth cable 3 has at least one electrical contact point 81 with the second conduit 25.

D'autre part, les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9 sont reliés électriquement d'une part, au câble lisse 3 et d'autre part, à la formation du sous-sol 19, via un pieu 83 en matériau conducteur de l'électricité, planté dans la formation 19 à la surface du sol 17.On the other hand, the first transmitting / receiving means 9 are electrically connected on the one hand to the smooth cable 3 and on the other hand to the formation of the sub-ground 19, via a pile 83 made of a conductive material. electricity, planted in formation 19 on the soil surface 17.

En variante, le pieu 83 peut être planté dans un fond sous-marin, si l'installation est relative à un forage en pleine mer.Alternatively, the pile 83 can be planted in an underwater bottom, if the installation is related to drilling in the open sea.

Le fonctionnement du troisième dispositif selon l'invention est analogue à celui du premier dispositif selon l'invention.The operation of the third device according to the invention is similar to that of the first device according to the invention.

Une fois l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures positionné à la profondeur souhaitée, les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9 émettent un signal de commande électrique. Ce signal est identique à celui généré dans le premier dispositif selon l'invention. Il peut donc être généré par des moyens identiques.Once the intervention and / or measurement assembly is positioned at the desired depth, the first transmission / reception means 9 emit an electrical control signal. This signal is identical to that generated in the first device according to the invention. It can therefore be generated by identical means.

Ce signal est injecté dans un premier dipôle formé par, d'une part, le point de contact 84 entre le câble 3 et les premiers moyens d'émission/réception et d'autre part, le pieu 83. Le signal électrique injecté dans ce premier dipôle donne lieu à la propagation, dans les terrains environnant le puits d'un signal électromagnétique de commande, en l'occurrence une onde électromagnétique, qui contient l'information à transmettre. Ce signal électromagnétique de commande descend alors vers le fond du puits, guidé par le câble lisse 3 et/ou le second conduit 25. Ce signal électromagnétique de commande est recueilli par un second dipôle formé entre, d'une part, le point de contact électrique 81 du câble 3 avec le second conduit 25 le plus proche de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures et, d'autre part, le point de contact électrique 87 des seconds moyens d'émission/réception 9 avec le second conduit 25, le second conduit étant relié électriquement à la formation 19 par les centreurs 27 et le premier conduit 21. Le signal électromagnétique reçu sur le second dipôle génère un signal électrique qui est reçu par les seconds moyens d'émission/réception 11.This signal is injected into a first dipole formed by, on the one hand, the point of contact 84 between the cable 3 and the first transmission / reception means and, on the other hand, the pile 83. The electric signal injected into this first dipole gives rise to the propagation, in the terrain surrounding the well of an electromagnetic control signal, in this case an electromagnetic wave, which contains the information to be transmitted. This electromagnetic control signal then descends towards the bottom of the well, guided by the smooth cable 3 and / or the second conduit 25. This electromagnetic control signal is collected by a second dipole formed between, on the one hand, the contact point 81 of the cable 3 with the second conduit 25 closest to the intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 and, secondly, the electrical contact point 87 of the second transmission / reception means 9 with the second conduit 25, the second conduit being electrically connected to the formation 19 by the centralizers 27 and the first conduit 21. The electromagnetic signal received on the second dipole generates an electrical signal which is received by the second transmitting / receiving means 11.

De même, le signal de validation de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures est généré sous forme d'un signal électrique injecté sur un premier dipôle formé par, d'une part, le point de contact électrique 81 entre le câble 3 et le second conduit 25 le plus proche de l'ensemble 5 d'intervention ou/et de mesures et, d'autre part, le point de contact électrique 87 entre les moyens d'émission 11 et le second conduit 25. Ce dernier point de contact est relié électriquement à la formation 19. Le signal électrique injecté dans ce premier dipôle donne lieu à la propagation, dans les terrains environnant le puits d'un signal électromagnétique de commande, en l'occurrence une onde électromagnétique, qui contient l'information à transmettre. Ce signal électromagnétique de validation remonte alors à la surface, guidé par le câble lisse 3 et/ou le second conduit 25. Ce signal électromagnétique de validation est recueilli par un second dipôle formé entre, d'une part, le point de contact électrique 84 des premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9 avec le câble 3 et, d'autre part, le point de contact électrique des premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9 avec la formation 19 au niveau du pieu 83. Le signal électromagnétique reçu sur le second dipôle génère un signal électrique qui est reçu par les premiers moyens d'émission/réception 9.Similarly, the validation signal of the intervention and / or measurement assembly 5 is generated in the form of an electrical signal injected on a first dipole formed by, on the one hand, the electrical contact point 81 between the 3 and the second conduit 25 closest to the intervention 5 and / or measurements assembly and, on the other hand, the electrical contact point 87 between the transmission means 11 and the second conduit 25. last contact point is electrically connected to the formation 19. The electrical signal injected into the first dipole gives rise to the propagation, in the terrain surrounding the well of an electromagnetic control signal, in this case an electromagnetic wave, which contains the information to be transmitted. This electromagnetic validation signal then rises to the surface, guided by the smooth cable 3 and / or the second conduit 25. This electromagnetic validation signal is collected by a second dipole formed between, on the one hand, the electrical contact point 84 first transmission / reception means 9 with the cable 3 and, on the other hand, the electrical contact point of the first transmission / reception means 9 with the formation 19 at the pile 83. The electromagnetic signal received on the second dipole generates an electrical signal which is received by the first transmitting / receiving means 9.

Grâce à l'invention qui vient d'être décrite, un dispositif est obtenu pour la transmission de données en temps réel entre un outil situé à l'extrémité d'un câble lisse monobrin de type « corde à piano » disposé dans le fond d'une installation de puits de production de pétrole et un organe de commande à la surface.Thanks to the invention that has just been described, a device is obtained for the transmission of real-time data between a tool located at the end of a smooth single-strand cable of the "piano wire" type arranged in the bottom of the an installation of oil production wells and a control device on the surface.

Il est ainsi possible de tirer avantage simultanément d'une part des propriétés mécaniques des câbles lisses pour les opérations « slickline », à savoir une étanchéité facile à réaliser en tête de puits et une résistance mécanique élevée par rapport aux câbles électriques torronés et d'autre part, de la possibilité de transmettre des informations en temps réel entre le fond et la surface. Ce résultat est obtenu de manière surprenante, malgré les mauvaises propriétés de conductivité électrique du câble lisse.It is thus possible to take advantage at the same time on the one hand of the mechanical properties of the smooth cables for the "slickline" operations, namely a tightness that is easy to achieve at the wellhead and a high mechanical resistance compared to the torronized electric cables and on the other hand, the possibility of transmitting information in real time between the background and the surface. This result is obtained surprisingly, despite the poor electrical conductivity properties of the smooth cable.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif peut s'adapter facilement à une installation existante.In addition, the device can easily adapt to an existing installation.

Claims (16)

  1. Data transmission device for a fluid operating unit (1) contained underground (19), unit comprising a cavity (13) defined in a subsurface formation (19) from the surface (17) of the floor, this cavity (13) being provided with at least one electrically conductive tubular element (21; 25), this device being of the type comprising a smooth single-stranded cable support (3) for an intervention assembly (5) and/or activities carried out through an electrically conductive material, the cable being arranged within the tubular element (21;25) between a first point on the surface of the soil (17) and a second point within the cavity (13), the surface of the cable (3) being electrically insulated, at least partially, said tubular element (21; 25), the device further comprising the means (9, 11) to transmit an electric signal and/or electromagnetically located in the vicinity of one or both of the first or second points and the means (9; 11) to receive an electric signal and/or electromagnetically located in the vicinity of one or both of the first or second points; characterized in that the cable has a breaking strength that is higher than 300 daN and in that each of the means of emission and the means of reception are electrically linked on the one hand, to the cable (3) and on the other hand to the tubular element (21; 25) and/or to the formation (19); the cable (3) constituting a part of the transmission loop of the electrical and/or electromagnetic signal between the means of emission (9, 11) and means of reception (9, 11).
  2. Transmission device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the cable (3) comprises a continuous coating of insulating material and is electrically insulated from said tubular member (21; 25).
  3. Transmission device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the continuous coating of insulating material is equal to half the difference of the diameter between two standard uncoated cables (3).
  4. Transmission device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the cable (3) is provided at regular intervals with centering devices (71) made of an insulating material to electrically isolate said tubular element (21; 25).
  5. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the means for transmission and reception (9, 11) adjacent to the first and second points are electrically connected to said tubular element (21; 25) and in which the signal transmitted by the means of transmission (9,11) and received by the means of reception (9, 11) is an electric signal.
  6. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cavity (13) is provided with at least a first tubular element (21) and a second tubular element (25) disposed in the first element (21) and in that the cable (3) is disposed within the annular space between the first (21) and the second (25) element.
  7. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the surface of the cable (3) has at least one electrical point (81) in contact with said tubular element (21; 25) and in that the means of transmission and/or reception (9,11) adjacent to the first and second points and said tubular element (21; 25) are electrically connected to the formation (19).
  8. Transmission device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the electrical signal transmitted by the means of transmission (9) adjacent to the first point is injected onto a first dipole comprising firstly, an electrical contact point (84) between said means of transmission (9) adjacent to the first point and the cable (3) firstly, an electrical contact point (83) between said means of transmission (9) adjacent to the first point and the cable (19) this first dipole generating an electromagnetic signal received by a second dipole comprising, first, one of said electrical contact points (81) between the cable (3) and the tubular element (21; 25) and second, an electrical contact point (87) between the means of reception (11) adjacent to the second point and the tubular element (21; 25), the electromagnetic signal received by the second dipole generating an electrical signal transmitted to the means of reception (11) adjacent to the second point.
  9. Transmission device according to one of Claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the electrical signal transmitted by the means of transmission (11) adjacent to the second point is injected onto a second dipole comprising, first, one of said electrical contact points (81) between the cable and the tubular element (21; 25) and second, an electrical contact point (87) between the means of transmission (11) adjacent to the second point and the tubular element (21; 25), this second dipole generating an electromagnetic signal received by a first dipole comprising, first, an electrical contact point (84) between said means of reception (9) adjacent to the first point and the cable (3), firstly, an electrical contact point (83) between the means of reception (9) adjacent to the first point and the formation (19); the electromagnetic signal received by the first dipole generating an electrical signal transmitted to the means of reception (9) adjacent to the first point.
  10. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the electrical contact between the means of transmission and/or reception adjacent to the first point and the formation is accomplished by means of a conductive member (83) anchored in the ground (19).
  11. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the means of transmission (9, 11) and the means of reception (9, 11) of an electric and/or electromagnetic signal are located adjacent to one of the first and second points.
  12. Transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the means of transmission (9) of an electric and/or electromagnetic signal are located only adjacent to one of the first or second points and the means (11) to receive an electric signal and/or electromagnetically located in the vicinity of one or both of the first or second points;
  13. Operational fluids unit contained in an underground (19), unit comprising a cavity (13) bounded by an underground formation (19) from the surface (17) of the soil and closed at the level of the soil by a wellhead (15), this cavity (13) being provided with at least one electrically conductive tubular element (21; 25), characterized in that it comprises a transmission device according to any one of Claims 1 to 12.
  14. Unit according to Claim 13, characterized in that it comprises a device (61) for applying an insulating coating on the cable (3).
  15. Unit according to Claim 14, in which the wellhead (15) is preceded by an airlock (51) with a sealing device (53) for the cable (3) characterized in that the device for applying (61) the insulating cable covering (3) is located in the airlock (51), downstream from the sealing device (53).
  16. Unit according to Claim 14, comprising the means for deployment (7) and a cable (3) alignment device (43) within the wellhead (15) comprising at least one pulley (49) characterized in that the device for applying (61) the insulating covering onto the cable (3) is placed between the means of deployment (7) and the alignment device (43) and in that the or each pulley (49) and is electrically insulated from the wellhead (15) and/or the formation (19).
EP03789526.5A 2002-12-10 2003-11-28 Data transmission device Expired - Lifetime EP1570157B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0215608A FR2848363B1 (en) 2002-12-10 2002-12-10 DATA TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR AN OPERATING FACILITY FOR FLUIDS CONTAINED IN A BASEMENT.
FR0215608 2002-12-10
PCT/FR2003/003526 WO2004063528A1 (en) 2002-12-10 2003-11-28 Data transmission device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1570157A1 EP1570157A1 (en) 2005-09-07
EP1570157B1 true EP1570157B1 (en) 2015-08-12

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EP03789526.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1570157B1 (en) 2002-12-10 2003-11-28 Data transmission device

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US (1) US7652592B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1570157B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3984995B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100721165B1 (en)
CN (1) CN100393980C (en)
AU (1) AU2003294106B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0316582A (en)
DK (1) DK1570157T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2848363B1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA05006037A (en)
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US20060044155A1 (en) 2006-03-02
FR2848363B1 (en) 2005-03-11
FR2848363A1 (en) 2004-06-11
JP2006509941A (en) 2006-03-23
BR0316582A (en) 2005-10-04
CN100393980C (en) 2008-06-11
EP1570157A1 (en) 2005-09-07
AU2003294106B2 (en) 2009-03-12
KR20050105976A (en) 2005-11-08
NZ540635A (en) 2006-11-30
AU2003294106A1 (en) 2004-08-10
CN1735741A (en) 2006-02-15
DK1570157T3 (en) 2015-11-30
MXPA05006037A (en) 2005-08-18
US7652592B2 (en) 2010-01-26
WO2004063528A1 (en) 2004-07-29
JP3984995B2 (en) 2007-10-03
KR100721165B1 (en) 2007-05-25

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