EP1567713A1 - A method of manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongate element with a variable edge profile - Google Patents
A method of manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongate element with a variable edge profileInfo
- Publication number
- EP1567713A1 EP1567713A1 EP03780347A EP03780347A EP1567713A1 EP 1567713 A1 EP1567713 A1 EP 1567713A1 EP 03780347 A EP03780347 A EP 03780347A EP 03780347 A EP03780347 A EP 03780347A EP 1567713 A1 EP1567713 A1 EP 1567713A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- regions
- windows
- elongate element
- width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/44—Watermarking devices
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
- D21F11/06—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the cylinder type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
- D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips
Definitions
- This invention is directed to improvements in manufacturing substrates, such as paper, incorporating an elongate impermeable element and a substrate made therefrom.
- elongate elements in paper or other substrates, usually as a security feature.
- Such elements can be threads, strips or ribbons of, for example, plastics film, metal foil, metallised plastic, metal wire.
- These elongate elements are included in the thickness of the substrate to render imitation of documents produced therefrom more difficult. These elements help in the verification of the documents as they render the view of the documents in reflected light different from that in transmitted light.
- additional properties include magnetic properties, electrical conductivities, the ability to absorb x-rays, fluorescence, optically variable effects and thermochromic behaviour.
- windowed thread paper include windowed paper incorporating any elongate security element.
- EP-A-0059056 describes a method of manufacture of windowed thread paper on a cylinder mould paper- making machine.
- the technique involves embossing the cylinder mould cover to form raised regions and bringing an impermeable elongate security element into contact with the raised regions of the mould cover, prior to the contact entry point into a vat of aqueous paper stock. Where the impermeable security element makes intimate contact with the raised regions of the embossing, no fibre deposition can occur.
- water is extracted from the wet fibre mat and the paper is passed through a drying process. In the finished paper the contact points are present as exposed regions which ultimately form windows, visible in reflected light, on one side of the paper, which is most often used as banknote paper.
- the exposed regions of the elongate element can be used to display indicia or overt security features, it is considered to be an advantage in some applications to expose as big a surface area of the element as possible.
- EP-A-0070172 proposes an alternative method of making paper having an elongate security element embedded therein, providing elements which have regions of permeability and regions of impermeability. This method enables much wider element to be embedded in paper. When incorporated into paper on a cylinder mould making machine, the permeable regions are embedded in the thickness of the paper and the less permeable regions are exposed at one surface thereof . This method can be used for elongate elements having a width from 0.5mm to the full width of the sheet, which could be 5000mm.
- EP-A-0229645 describes a method using two cylinder moulds to produce two separate plys of paper, with a security thread introduced in between the two layers.
- the option of incorporating holes in both layers by, for example, incorporating drainage restriction devices on the mould covers is disclosed in the specification.
- the resulting holes can be registered to produce windows on each side of the thread.
- This method has a major drawback in that the two cylinder moulds need to be exactly the same diameter and linked by a registration system which renders production of the paper extremely expensive.
- the invention therefore provides a method of making a fibrous substrate comprising the steps of bringing an elongate flexible impermeable element into contact with window forming means provided on a moving support surface, depositing fibres onto the support surface to form a fibrous substrate, the deposition of fibres being carried out in such a manner that as the fibres are deposited onto the support surface the elongate element is incorporated in the substrate, wherein a first set of windows are formed in one surface of the substrate at the point of contact of the element with the window forming means, in which windows the element is at least partially exposed, wherein the elongate element comprises a plurality of wide regions separated by narrow regions, the wide regions being of a width which obstructs the deposition of fibres on the said wide regions to form a second set of windows in an opposing surface of the substrate in which the elongate element is also at least partially exposed, the narrow regions being such as to allow fibres to be deposited thereover to cause the narrow regions to be covered by the opposing surface of the fibrous
- the substrate made by the method according to the invention thus has two very carefully crafted sets of windows which are designed by the geometry of the thread and the window forming means.
- carefully designed sets of windows can therefore be used to maximise the usefulness of the area of the elongate element exposed, and a very different manner to allowing random floors to develop on the back of thread.
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side elevation of a schematic of a paper-making vat for use in the method of manufacturing paper according to the present invention
- Figs. 2 to 4 are plan views of alternative elongate elements for use in the method of the present invention.
- Figs. 5 and 6 are plan views of opposing sides of a sheet incorporating the elongate element of Figure 2 ;
- Fig. 7 is a magnified view of one window of the sheet of Fig. 6, in which the elongate element has a partial white coating.
- the method of manufacturing a fibrous sheet, such as paper, according to the present invention is illustrated with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
- the method can be implemented on a known papermaking machine, such as a cylinder mould machine or a fourdrinier machine. Although the following description refers to a cylinder mould cover, this can be replaced by the foraminous belt of a fourdrinier machine, such as is described in GB-A-2260772.
- a porous support surface for example in the form of a cylinder mould cover 10, is produced in a known way.
- the mould cover 10 has raised portions 12, formed by embossing, such as those described in EP-A- 0059056.
- the raised portions 12 are spaced around the mould cover 10 and contact of a security thread therewith restricts the draining of the water content of the paper slurry through the mould cover 10 at the points of contact thereby preventing or reducing the deposition of fibres and defining the shape of the windows 17 formed in the final substrate.
- the term "window” includes a transparent or translucent region in the substrate of a predefined shape and occurrence. It should be noted that other window forming means for creating the windows may be used, such as electrotype, attached to the mould cover 10, which also directly prevents drainage and over which the thread is placed as shown in Figure 1.
- the cylinder mould cover 10 is rotated in a vat of fibrous stock 11 as illustrated in Figure 1, and fibres are continuously deposited thereon in a known manner to form a continuous web of substrate.
- the stock may comprise fibres of natural materials, such as cotton, synthetic fibres or a mixture of both.
- a flexible elongate impermeable element 13 is brought into contact with the raised portions 12 of the cylinder mould cover 10 above ' the level of the stock, i.e. before any fibres have been deposited on the mould cover 10.
- the mould cover 10 rotates, the elongate element 13 is introduced into the stock, and is partially embedded in the substrate as it forms.
- the fibres deposit in the valleys between raised portions 12 to form bridges 18, under which the element 13 is embedded, between the windows 17 formed at the point of contact between the element 13 and raised portions 12.
- the continuous fibrous substrate (or web) is moved along continuously as it is formed, its direction of travel being known as the "machine direction" .
- the elongate element 13 used in the present invention differs from that used in EP-A- 0059056 in that its width varies along its length having narrow regions 14 linking wider regions 15.
- the narrow regions 14 are sufficiently narrow not to interfere with fibre deposition and so are covered by fibres during the paper making process. They therefore preferably have a width of less than 3mm, and more preferably less than 2.00mm.
- the wider regions 15, on the other hand, are sufficiently large to interfere with fibre deposition as they are too wide to be bridged by the fibres, and they are therefore left exposed in a second set of windows 19 on the reverse side of the fibrous sheet to the windows 17 formed by the raised portions 12.
- the selection of the fibre length is therefore important as the fibres must not be so long that they do bridge over the winder areas of the elongate element 13.
- the fibre length is roughly at least half the length of the width of the narrow parts of the elongate element.
- the wider regions 15 preferably have a width greater than 3mm and the narrow regions preferably have a width less than 2mm.
- the grammage of the substrate produced is preferably less than llOgsm, and more preferably in the range of 80 to llOgsm.
- the lengths of the wider regions 15 and the narrow regions 14 can be chosen to coincide with the lengths of the peaks of the raised portions 12 and the valleys between the raised portions 12 respectively, so that the windows 17,19 formed on each side of the substrate coincide, ie they are in full registration, forming an aperture in which the elongate element 13 can be seen from both sides of the sheet.
- the aforementioned measurements can be selected so that the windows 17,19 on either side of the substrate are registered, but wholly offset so that the elongate element 13 is exposed at different points at each side of the substrate.
- the windows 17,19 on opposing sides of the substrate may be designed to be partially coincident with eachother.
- the windows 17,19 may be out of register in a random manner.
- substrates made according to the present invention are advantageous in that it is possible to increase the exposure of the element 14, not just on one side of the substrate, but two sides, which means that it can be used to its best extent. This is important because these elements 13 can be expensive to provide.
- the elongate elements 13 are preferably made of clear polyethylene and are preferably die cut, and shaped to minimise wastage. As such the profiling should be such that the threads tesselate. Examples of some suitable profiles are shown in Figs. 2 to 4, although these are not restrictive. The wider regions
- 15 may, for example, have semi circular profiles.
- a standard constant width elongate element 14 (or thread) can be used to which a plurality of tabs, of a greater width than the element itself are adhered.
- the tabs can be applied to one or both sides of the element 14 by means of an adhesive. They may be applied by a stamping machine after the element 14 has been unwound and just before entry into the vat.
- the tabs may be of the same or a different material to that of the element 14. They may also bear the same, or different, features such as those described below. They may also be of a matching or contrasting colour. This means that the expense of slitting the element 14 in complex shapes can be avoided, and that existing technologies can be used.
- Elongate security elements typically have a layer of adhesive, which help the embedment within the substrate. In the present invention it is important that a suitable adhesive is used which does not cause the fibres to adhere m the windowed regions but m the vat
- the elongate elements can contain a wide variety of known security features which may include the following :-
- de-metallised indicia or designs which may comprise areas of substantially removed metal to take advantage of the transparency of the base film and provide a large area of transparent window;
- - holographic designs which may comprise areas of full metal and half-tone screens to provide partial transparency and/or no metal Under certain viewing conditions, with no metal, a holographic image is still visible,
- the parts of the wider regions 15 which extend beyond the width of the narrow regions may be coated on one side with a matt coating to match the colour of the substrate.
- a matt coating to match the colour of the substrate.
- the wider regions 15 may be of a colour which means that they are visible.
- the substrate may, in addition to the variable profile elongate B described above, contain a second elongate element which is exposed in windows at the front of the substrate (as described in EP-A-0059056) .
- the substrate described above can be cut and printed to make all forms of documents, including security documents, such as banknotes, cheques, travellers cheques, identity cards, passports, bonds, security labels, stamps, vouchers etc.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0228423 | 2002-12-05 | ||
GBGB0228423.0A GB0228423D0 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2002-12-05 | Improvements in manufacturing substrates |
PCT/GB2003/005298 WO2004050990A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | A method of manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongate element with a variable edge profile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1567713A1 true EP1567713A1 (en) | 2005-08-31 |
EP1567713B1 EP1567713B1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
Family
ID=9949148
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03780347A Expired - Lifetime EP1567713B1 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2003-12-05 | A method of manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongate element with a variable edge profile |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1567713B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20050085260A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE428821T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003288428A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0316931A (en) |
DE (1) | DE60327244D1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB0228423D0 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2298604C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004050990A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011051905A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Arjowiggins Security | Security element comprising an adhesive and a substrate bearing an optical structure, and associated method |
WO2011092502A2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-04 | De La Rue International Limited | Security elements and methods and apparatus for their manufacture |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0419157D0 (en) * | 2004-08-27 | 2004-09-29 | Rue De Int Ltd | A method of manufacturing a fibrous substrate incorporating an elongate element |
GB0525888D0 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-02-01 | Rue De Int Ltd | Improvements in methods of manufacturing security substrates |
FR2898365B1 (en) * | 2006-03-13 | 2012-04-06 | Banque De France | SHEET OF FIBROUS MATERIAL COMPRISING A TRANSPARENT WINDOW AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME |
GB2458917B (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2011-08-24 | Rue De Int Ltd | Improvements in security substrates |
DE102010034693A1 (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method for producing a security paper and round screen for it |
CN102465472B (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2014-05-21 | 中国人民银行印制科学技术研究所 | Safety line |
GB201301790D0 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-03-20 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security devices and methods of manufacture thereof |
GB201301788D0 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2013-03-20 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security devices and methods of manufacture thereof |
DE102016001107A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Method and device for producing a security paper with two window security elements |
EP3421663B1 (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2019-07-24 | KBA-NotaSys SA | Method of processing a substrate web into individual sheets for the production of security documents and installation for carrying out the same |
DE102018123773A1 (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2020-03-26 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Method of dividing and categorizing at least one substrate and a substrate categorization machine |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IN157644B (en) * | 1981-02-19 | 1986-05-10 | Portals Ltd | |
GB8728390D0 (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1988-01-13 | Portals Ltd | Security paper for bank notes &c |
IN173621B (en) * | 1987-12-04 | 1994-06-18 | Portals Ltd | |
DE4314380B4 (en) * | 1993-05-01 | 2009-08-06 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Security paper and process for its production |
DE4344553A1 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-06-29 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Security paper with a thread-like or ribbon-shaped security element and method for producing the same |
US6355140B1 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-03-12 | Tokushu Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Method of manufacturing anti-falsification paper |
-
2002
- 2002-12-05 GB GBGB0228423.0A patent/GB0228423D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 KR KR1020057009896A patent/KR20050085260A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-05 AU AU2003288428A patent/AU2003288428A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-05 GB GB0328288A patent/GB2397582B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 AT AT03780347T patent/ATE428821T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-05 BR BR0316931-6A patent/BR0316931A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-05 RU RU2005121150/12A patent/RU2298604C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-05 EP EP03780347A patent/EP1567713B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 WO PCT/GB2003/005298 patent/WO2004050990A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-05 DE DE60327244T patent/DE60327244D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004050990A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011051905A1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Arjowiggins Security | Security element comprising an adhesive and a substrate bearing an optical structure, and associated method |
WO2011092502A2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2011-08-04 | De La Rue International Limited | Security elements and methods and apparatus for their manufacture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2397582A (en) | 2004-07-28 |
ATE428821T1 (en) | 2009-05-15 |
RU2005121150A (en) | 2006-01-27 |
RU2298604C2 (en) | 2007-05-10 |
GB0228423D0 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
BR0316931A (en) | 2005-10-18 |
DE60327244D1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
AU2003288428A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
WO2004050990A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
EP1567713B1 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
GB0328288D0 (en) | 2004-01-07 |
GB2397582B (en) | 2005-01-12 |
KR20050085260A (en) | 2005-08-29 |
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