EP1552162A1 - Hydraulic accumulator - Google Patents

Hydraulic accumulator

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Publication number
EP1552162A1
EP1552162A1 EP03809250A EP03809250A EP1552162A1 EP 1552162 A1 EP1552162 A1 EP 1552162A1 EP 03809250 A EP03809250 A EP 03809250A EP 03809250 A EP03809250 A EP 03809250A EP 1552162 A1 EP1552162 A1 EP 1552162A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
hydraulic accumulator
fluid
section
accumulator according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03809250A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1552162B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Baltes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydac Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Hydac Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydac Technology GmbH filed Critical Hydac Technology GmbH
Publication of EP1552162A1 publication Critical patent/EP1552162A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1552162B1 publication Critical patent/EP1552162B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04Accumulators
    • F15B1/08Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/24Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3158Guides for the flexible separating means, e.g. for a collapsed bladder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic accumulator with a piston which is movable in the axial direction in the accumulator housing and separates a gas side from a fluid side of the accumulator housing, on the circumference of which guide elements are provided for interaction with the wall of the accumulator housing and at least one sealing element which is in the axial direction towards the Guide elements offset, is arranged in the peripheral portion of the piston located between them.
  • Piston accumulators of this type are commercially available and are widely used in hydraulic systems for a variety of tasks, for example for energy storage, emergency actuation, leakage oil compensation, volume compensation, shock absorption, pulsation damping and the like.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic accumulator of the type under consideration, which is distinguished from the prior art by an improved long-term operating behavior.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that between the guide element which is closest to the piston side adjoining the fluid side and the sealing element which follows in the axial direction and is offset in the axial direction to the gas side, a pressure compensation channel opens at the piston circumference, which Piston forms a fluid path to the fluid side, and that a device reducing its passage cross section is provided in the pressure compensation channel.
  • the starting point of the invention is that it has been found that dirt particles which are contained in the hydraulic oil located on the fluid side can have a negative effect on the long-term behavior of the hydraulic accumulator, more precisely the operational behavior of the sealing and guiding system between the piston circumference and the inner wall of the accumulator housing ,
  • hydraulic accumulators of the prior art there is a pressure difference between the fluid side and the space located on the piston periphery between the guide element at the fluid-side end of the piston and the next sealing element in the axial direction due to the movement of the piston. Due to this pressure difference, there is a small volume flow across the guide element into the space between the guide element and the sealing element.
  • the device effecting the reduction of the passage cross section of the pressure compensation channel preferably reduces the passage cross section so much that the effect of a particle filter results due to the narrowing of the cross section. Even a minimal volume flow through the pressure equalization channel, as it results for the pressure equalization during movements, does not result in the transport of dirt particles into the space on the piston circumference behind the guide element.
  • a throttle device can be provided as the device reducing the passage cross section, for example a nozzle inserted into the pressure equalization channel with a correspondingly small nozzle opening, which acts as a particle filter.
  • a porous filter element inserted into the pressure compensation channel can be provided as the device that narrows the cross section.
  • the guide element closest to the fluid side of the piston is arranged closely adjacent to the fluid-side end of the piston and is guided by a guide band with an at least approximately formed dirt wiper lip extending to the end of the piston. This additionally prevents dirt particles, which may have already become lodged on the inner wall of the housing, from being overrun during piston movements.
  • the guide band having the dirt wiper lip is designed as a rectangular ring seated in an annular groove of the piston circumference with a wiper lip extending radially on the outside on one side thereof and tapering towards its end edge.
  • FIG. 1 shows a broken longitudinal section of a piston accumulator according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, only the section of the accumulator housing in which the piston is located being shown, and FIG. 2 shows a part drawn on a greatly enlarged scale compared to FIG. 1 Longitudinal section of a piston guide element of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the form of a rectangular ring with a protruding dirt wiper lip.
  • FIG. 1 of the exemplary embodiment of the hydraulic accumulator to be described in the form of a piston accumulator, only the section of the accumulator housing 1 in which the piston 3 is located is shown.
  • the gas side 5 is usually filled with nitrogen gas, while the fluid side 7 usually contains hydraulic oil during operation.
  • the effective sealing and guiding system between the circumference of the piston 3 and the inner wall of the storage housing 1, which prevents media transfer from one piston side to the other piston side and forms a piston guide when the piston 3 moves, has several components provided on the circumference of the piston 3 on.
  • a guide element in the form of a guide band 9 adjacent to the fluid-side end of the piston 3, a first piston seal 1 located at an axial distance therefrom approximately in the central region of the piston 3 1, a second piston seal 15 offset in relation to this in the axial direction against the fluid-side end 13 of the piston 3 and a guide element in the form of a guide band 17 which is offset even further against the end 13 of the piston 3.
  • the bore 21 opens out on the circumference of the piston in the space between the guide band 17 and the piston seal 15 following in the axial direction. This room is designated 23.
  • the invention provides for a narrowing of the passage cross section of the channel 19.
  • this device is formed by a nozzle 25 which is inserted into the mouth of the bore 20 of the channel 19 at the end 13 of the piston 3.
  • the nozzle bore 27 is chosen so small that it acts as a particle filter, so that no particles that have a larger dimension than the bore 27 can get into the space 23 via the channel 19.
  • a filter element could be inserted into the pressure compensation channel 19, preferably in its bore 20.
  • the guiding band 17 is additionally designed as a wiper element, the construction of which re can be seen from Fig. 2.
  • this scraper element as the base part, which performs the function of the piston guide in cooperation with the inner wall of the housing 1, has a rectangular ring 29 which is mounted in an annular groove 31 machined into the circumference of the piston 3.
  • the outer ring surface 33 of the rectangular ring 29 forming the guide surface is extended in the axial direction to form a wiper lip 35. This extends over an axial length that is somewhat greater than half the axial length of the rectangular ring 29, see FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 As can also be clearly seen from FIG.
  • the lip 35 tapers, starting from its root on the rectangular ring 29 , up to the end edge 37 with a taper angle ⁇ , which in the example shown is about 10 degrees with respect to the axial direction.
  • which in the example shown is about 10 degrees with respect to the axial direction.
  • the radial thickness of the lip 37 at its root adjoining the rectangular ring 29 is somewhat less than half the radial thickness of the rectangular ring 29.
  • the rectangular ring 29 and the scraper lip 35 formed integrally with it are made of an elastomeric material, so that the rectangular ring 29 can be snapped into the annular groove 31 on the piston 3 and the lip 35 extends flexibly and projecting , As can be seen from FIG. 1, the lip 35 extends over an end-side circumferential section 39 of the piston 3 which is somewhat reduced in outer diameter and extends into the region of the fluid-side end 13. Due to the space formed in section 39 between the piston 3 and the lip 35, the latter can resiliently nestle against the inner wall of the housing 1, as a result of which the lip 35 achieves an optimal scraper effect.
  • the guide band 9 shown on the left in the direction of view of FIG. 1 can be configured or replaced by the guide band 17 shown on the right.

Abstract

A hydraulic accumulator includes a piston ( 3 ) capable of moving in an accumulator housing ( 1 ) in its axial direction and separating a gas side ( 5 ) from a liquid side ( 7 ) of the accumulator housing ( 1 ). Guide elements ( 9, 17 ) designed to co-operate with the accumulator housing wall ( 1 ), as well as at least one sealing element ( 15 ), are arranged at the periphery of the piston. The sealing element is arranged offset in the axial direction relative to the guide elements ( 9, 17 ), and is located between the guide elements. In the piston ( 3 ), a pressure compensating channel ( 19 ) forms, at the piston periphery, a liquid flow path between the liquid side ( 7 ) and a space ( 2 ) located between the guide element ( 17 ) nearest to the liquid side ( 7 ) and the sealing element immediately next in the axial direction. A device ( 25 ) reducing the cross-section of the passage of the pressure compensating channel ( 19 ) is located in it.

Description

Hydrospeicher hydraulic accumulator
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hydrospeicher mit einem im Speichergehäuse in dessen Axialrichtung bewegbaren, eine Gasseite von einer Fluidseite des Speichergehäuses trennenden Kolben, an dessen Umfang für die Zusammenwirkung mit der Wand des Speichergehäuses vorgesehene Führungselemente und zumindest ein Dichtelement vorhanden sind, das, in Axialrichtung zu den Führungselementen versetzt, in dem zwischen diesen gelegenen Umfangsabschnitt des Kolbens angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a hydraulic accumulator with a piston which is movable in the axial direction in the accumulator housing and separates a gas side from a fluid side of the accumulator housing, on the circumference of which guide elements are provided for interaction with the wall of the accumulator housing and at least one sealing element which is in the axial direction towards the Guide elements offset, is arranged in the peripheral portion of the piston located between them.
Kolbenspeicher dieser Art sind handelsüblich und finden in Hydrosystemen für vielseitige Aufgaben verbreitet Anwendung, beispielsweise zur Energie- speicherung, Notbetätigung, Leckölkompensation, Volumenkompensation, Schockabsorption, Pulsationsdämpfung und dergleichen.Piston accumulators of this type are commercially available and are widely used in hydraulic systems for a variety of tasks, for example for energy storage, emergency actuation, leakage oil compensation, volume compensation, shock absorption, pulsation damping and the like.
Für den wirtschaftlichen und betriebssicheren Einsatz derartiger Speicher ist das Langzeitverhalten von sehr großer Bedeutung. Um ein diesbezüglich befriedigendes Betriebsverhalten zu gewährleisten muß sichergestellt sein, dass über die gesamte Betriebslebensdauer der Ölübertritt von der norma- lerweise Hydrauliköl enthaltenden Fluidseite zur Gasseite hin minimiert ist. Derzeitige Hydrospeicher werden dieser Anforderung nicht in ausreichendem Maße gerecht. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hydrospeicher der betrachteten Art zu schaffen, der sich gegenüber dem Stand der Technik durch ein verbessertes Langzeit-Betriebsverhalten auszeichnet.Long-term behavior is very important for the economical and reliable use of such storage. In order to ensure a satisfactory operating behavior in this regard, it must be ensured that the oil transfer from the fluid side which normally contains hydraulic oil to the gas side is minimized over the entire service life. Current hydraulic accumulators do not sufficiently meet this requirement. The invention has for its object to provide a hydraulic accumulator of the type under consideration, which is distinguished from the prior art by an improved long-term operating behavior.
Bei einem Hydrospeicher der eingangs genannten Art ist diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen demjenigen Führungselement, das der an die Fluidseite angrenzenden Kolbenseite nächstgelegen ist, und dem in Axialrichtung nächstfolgenden, in Axialrichtung zur Gasseite hin versetzten Dichtelement ein Druckausgleichskanal am Kolbenumfang mündet, der im Kolben einen Fluidweg zur Fluidseite hin bildet, und dass im Druckausgleichskanal eine dessen Durchlaßquerschnitt verkleinernde Einrichtung vorgesehen ist.In the case of a hydraulic accumulator of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that between the guide element which is closest to the piston side adjoining the fluid side and the sealing element which follows in the axial direction and is offset in the axial direction to the gas side, a pressure compensation channel opens at the piston circumference, which Piston forms a fluid path to the fluid side, and that a device reducing its passage cross section is provided in the pressure compensation channel.
Ausgangspunkt der Erfindung ist, dass gefunden wurde, dass Schmutzparti- kel, die in dem auf der Fluidseite befindlichen Hydrauliköl enthalten sind, das Langzeitverhalten des Hydrospeichers negativ beeinflussen können, genauer gesagt das Betriebsverhalten des Dicht- und Führungssystems zwischen Kolbenumfang und Innenwand des Speichergehäuses beeinträchtigen können. Bei Hydrospeichern des Standes der Technik ergibt sich aufgrund der Bewegung des Kolbens ein Druckunterschied zwischen Fluidseite und dem am Kolbenumfang befindlichen Zwischenraum zwischen dem Führungselement am fluidseitigen Ende des Kolbens und dem in Axialrichtung nächstfolgenden Dichtelement. Aufgrund dieser Druckdifferenz kommt es über das Führungselement hinweg zu einem kleinen Volumenstrom in den Zwischenraum zwischen Führungselement und Dichtelement. Mitgeführte Schmutzpartikel können sich dadurch zwischen Führungselement und Kolben ablagern und aufgrund der Bewegungen des Kolbens zu systembeeinträchtigenden Kratzern führen. Durch den erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Druckausgleichskanal ist dieses Problem aus der Welt geschafft, weil bei Kolbenbewegungen keine Druckdifferenz am Führungselement auftritt und somit auch kein möglicherweise mit Schmutzpartikeln belasteter Volumenstrom erzeugt wird. Dadurch, dass erfindungsgemäß außerdem eine den Durchlaßquerschnitt des Druckaus- gleichskanales verkleinernde Einrichtung vorgesehen ist, ist sichergestellt, dass lediglich ein geringes Fluidvolumen am Vorgang des Druckausgleiches beteiligt ist.The starting point of the invention is that it has been found that dirt particles which are contained in the hydraulic oil located on the fluid side can have a negative effect on the long-term behavior of the hydraulic accumulator, more precisely the operational behavior of the sealing and guiding system between the piston circumference and the inner wall of the accumulator housing , In hydraulic accumulators of the prior art, there is a pressure difference between the fluid side and the space located on the piston periphery between the guide element at the fluid-side end of the piston and the next sealing element in the axial direction due to the movement of the piston. Due to this pressure difference, there is a small volume flow across the guide element into the space between the guide element and the sealing element. Dirt particles that are carried along can be deposited between the guide element and the piston and, due to the movements of the piston, can lead to scratches which impair the system. This problem is eliminated by the pressure compensation channel provided according to the invention, because there is no pressure difference on the guide element during piston movements and thus no volume flow that is possibly contaminated with dirt particles is generated. The fact that, according to the invention, a device that reduces the passage cross section of the pressure equalization channel is also provided ensures that only a small volume of fluid is involved in the pressure equalization process.
Die die Verkleinerung des Durchlaßquerschnittes des Druckausgleichskana- les bewirkende Einrichtung verkleinert vorzugsweise den Durchlaßquerschnitt so stark, dass sich aufgrund der Querschnittverengung die Wirkung eines Partikelfilters ergibt. Selbst ein minimaler Volumenstrom durch den Druckausgleichskanal, wie er sich für den Druckausgleich bei Bewegungen ergibt, führt dadurch nicht zu einem Transport von Schmutzpartikeln in den hinter dem Führungselement gelegenen Zwischenraum am Kolbenumfang.The device effecting the reduction of the passage cross section of the pressure compensation channel preferably reduces the passage cross section so much that the effect of a particle filter results due to the narrowing of the cross section. Even a minimal volume flow through the pressure equalization channel, as it results for the pressure equalization during movements, does not result in the transport of dirt particles into the space on the piston circumference behind the guide element.
Als den Durchlaßquerschnitt verkleinernde Einrichtung kann eine Drosseleinrichtung vorgesehen sein, beispielsweise eine in den Druckaus- gleichskanal eingesetzte Düse mit entsprechend kleiner Düsenöffnung, die als Partikelfilter wirkt.A throttle device can be provided as the device reducing the passage cross section, for example a nozzle inserted into the pressure equalization channel with a correspondingly small nozzle opening, which acts as a particle filter.
An Stelle einer drosselnden Düse kann als den Querschnitt verengende Einrichtung ein in den Druckausgleichskanal eingesetztes, poröses Filterele- ment vorgesehen sein.Instead of a throttling nozzle, a porous filter element inserted into the pressure compensation channel can be provided as the device that narrows the cross section.
Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen ist das der Fluidseite des Kolbens nächstgelegene Führungselement eng benachbart zum fluidseitigen Ende des Kolbens angeordnet und durch ein Führungsband mit einer sich zumin- dest nährungsweise bis zum Ende des Kolbens erstreckenden Schmutzabstreiferlippe gebildet. Dadurch ist zusätzlich vermieden, dass Schmutzpartikel, die sich an der Gehäuseinnenwand gegebenenfalls bereits festgesetzt haben, bei Kolbenbewegungen überlaufen werden.In preferred exemplary embodiments, the guide element closest to the fluid side of the piston is arranged closely adjacent to the fluid-side end of the piston and is guided by a guide band with an at least approximately formed dirt wiper lip extending to the end of the piston. This additionally prevents dirt particles, which may have already become lodged on the inner wall of the housing, from being overrun during piston movements.
Vorzugsweise ist das die Schmutzabstreiferlippe aufweisende Führungsband als ein in einer Ringnut des Kolbenumfanges sitzender Rechteckring mit einer dessen radial außenliegende Ringfläche an einer Seite in Axialrichtung verlängernden Abstreiferlippe ausgebildet, die sich zu ihrem Endrand hin verjüngt.Preferably, the guide band having the dirt wiper lip is designed as a rectangular ring seated in an annular groove of the piston circumference with a wiper lip extending radially on the outside on one side thereof and tapering towards its end edge.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:
• Fig. 1 einen abgebrochen gezeichneten Längsschnitt eines Kolbenspeichers gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung, wobei lediglich der Abschnitt des Speichergehäuses gezeigt ist, in dem sich der Kolben befindet, und • Fig. 2 einen gegenüber Fig. 1 in stark vergrößertem Maßstab gezeichne- ter Teil-Längsschnitt eines Kolben-Führungselementes des Ausführungsbeispieles von Fig. 1 in Form eines Rechteckringes mit auskragender Schmutzabstreiferlippe.1 shows a broken longitudinal section of a piston accumulator according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, only the section of the accumulator housing in which the piston is located being shown, and FIG. 2 shows a part drawn on a greatly enlarged scale compared to FIG. 1 Longitudinal section of a piston guide element of the embodiment of FIG. 1 in the form of a rectangular ring with a protruding dirt wiper lip.
In Fig. 1 ist von dem zu beschreibenden Ausführungsbeispiel des erfin- dungsgemäßen Hydrospeichers in Form eines Kolbenspeichers lediglich der Abschnitt des Speichergehäuses 1 dargestellt, in dem sich der Kolben 3 befindet. Dieser bildet das in Axialrichtung, also entlang der Längsachse 4, bewegliche Trennelement zwischen Gasseite 5 und Fluidseite 7 des Speichergehäuses 1 . Bei in Hydrauliksysteme einbezogenen Hydrospeichern ist die Gasseite 5 üblicherweise mit Stickstoffgas befüllt, während die Fluidseite 7 im Betrieb üblicherweise Hydrauliköl enthält. Das zwischen Umfang des Kolbens 3 und Innenwand des Speichergehäuses 1 wirksame Abdicht- und Führungs- System, das einen Medienübertritt von der einen Kolbenseite zur anderen Kolbenseite hin verhindert und bei Bewegungen des Kolbens 3 eine Kolbenführung bildet, weist mehrere am Umfang des Kolbens 3 vorgesehene Komponenten auf. In Aufeinanderfolge, in der Fig. 1 in Axialrichtung von links nach rechts, sind dies ein dem fluidseitigen Ende des Kolbens 3 be- nachbartes Führungselement in Form eines Führungsbandes 9, eine in axialem Abstand von diesem etwa im Zentralbereich des Kolbens 3 gelegene erste Kolbendichtung 1 1 , eine zu dieser in Axialrichtung weiter gegen das fluidseitige Ende 13 des Kolbens 3 hin versetzte zweite Kolbendichtung 15 und ein noch weiter gegen das Ende 13 des Kolbens 3 hin versetztes Füh- rungselement in Form eines Führungsbandes 17.In FIG. 1, of the exemplary embodiment of the hydraulic accumulator to be described in the form of a piston accumulator, only the section of the accumulator housing 1 in which the piston 3 is located is shown. This forms the separating element, which is movable in the axial direction, that is to say along the longitudinal axis 4, between the gas side 5 and the fluid side 7 of the storage housing 1. In hydraulic accumulators included in hydraulic systems, the gas side 5 is usually filled with nitrogen gas, while the fluid side 7 usually contains hydraulic oil during operation. The effective sealing and guiding system between the circumference of the piston 3 and the inner wall of the storage housing 1, which prevents media transfer from one piston side to the other piston side and forms a piston guide when the piston 3 moves, has several components provided on the circumference of the piston 3 on. In succession, in the axial direction from left to right in FIG. 1, these are a guide element in the form of a guide band 9 adjacent to the fluid-side end of the piston 3, a first piston seal 1 located at an axial distance therefrom approximately in the central region of the piston 3 1, a second piston seal 15 offset in relation to this in the axial direction against the fluid-side end 13 of the piston 3 and a guide element in the form of a guide band 17 which is offset even further against the end 13 of the piston 3.
Wie aus Fig. 1 unten zu erkennen ist, befindet sich im Kolben 3 ein Druckausgleichskanal 19, der aus zwei ineinander übergehenden Sackbohrungen gebildet ist, deren eine, vom Ende 13 des Kolbens 3 ausgehend, sich paral- lel zur Längsachse 4 erstreckt und mit 20 bezeichnet ist, während die andere Bohrung, die mit 21 bezeichnet ist, sich im rechten Winkel hierzu, ausgehend vom Umfang des Kolbens 3, erstreckt. Die Bohrung 21 mündet am Kolbenumfang in dem zwischen dem Führungsband 1 7 und der in Axialrichtung darauffolgenden Kolbendichtung 15 gelegenen Zwischenraum. Dieser Raum ist mit 23 bezeichnet.As can be seen from FIG. 1 below, there is a pressure equalization channel 19 in the piston 3, which is formed from two blind bores merging into one another, one of which, starting from the end 13 of the piston 3, extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 and at 20 is designated, while the other bore, which is designated by 21, extends at right angles thereto, starting from the circumference of the piston 3. The bore 21 opens out on the circumference of the piston in the space between the guide band 17 and the piston seal 15 following in the axial direction. This room is designated 23.
Aufgrund der hydrodynamischen Gegebenheiten ergibt sich im Betrieb bei Bewegungen des Kolbens 3 ein Druckunterschied zwischen dem Raum 23 und dem Druck des auf der Fluidseite 7 befindlichen Hydrauliköles. Diese Druckdifferenz würde bei Fehlen des Druckausgleichskanales 19 zu einem geringfügigen Volumenstrom über das Führungsband 1 7 hinweg führen, wobei, wie bereits erwähnt, mitgeführte Partikel zwischen Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 und dem Kolben 3 abgelagert werden und zu Störungen des Abdicht- und Führungssystems führen könnten. Der bei der Erfindung vorgesehene Druckausgleichskanal 19 vermeidet die Ausbildung einer entsprechenden Druckdifferenz und damit einen entsprechenden Ölübertritt.Due to the hydrodynamic conditions, a pressure difference between the space 23 and the pressure of the hydraulic oil located on the fluid side 7 results when the piston 3 moves. This In the absence of the pressure compensation channel 19, the pressure difference would lead to a slight volume flow over the guide belt 17, whereby, as already mentioned, entrained particles are deposited between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the piston 3 and could lead to faults in the sealing and guiding system. The pressure compensation channel 19 provided in the invention avoids the formation of a corresponding pressure difference and thus a corresponding oil transfer.
Um die Gefahr auszuschließen, dass auch eine Fluidströmung, die im Druckausgleichskanal 19 während des Vorganges des Druckausgleichs stattfindet, einen Eintrag von Partikeln in den Raum 23 bewirken könnte, ist bei der Erfindung eine Verengung des Durchlaßquerschnittes des Kanales 1 9 vorgesehen.In order to rule out the risk that a fluid flow, which takes place in the pressure equalization channel 19 during the pressure equalization process, could also cause particles to enter the space 23, the invention provides for a narrowing of the passage cross section of the channel 19.
Bei dem in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist diese Einrichtung durch eine Düse 25 gebildet, die in die Mündung der Bohrung 20 des Kanales 19 am Ende 13 des Kolbens 3 eingesetzt ist. Die Düsenbohrung 27 ist hierbei so klein gewählt, dass sie als Partikelfilter wirkt, so dass keine Partikel, die eine größere Abmessung als die Bohrung 27 aufweisen, über den Kanal 19 in den Raum 23 gelangen können.In the embodiment shown in the figure, this device is formed by a nozzle 25 which is inserted into the mouth of the bore 20 of the channel 19 at the end 13 of the piston 3. The nozzle bore 27 is chosen so small that it acts as a particle filter, so that no particles that have a larger dimension than the bore 27 can get into the space 23 via the channel 19.
Anstelle der Verwendung einer entsprechend klein dimensionierten Düsenbohrung 27 als Partikelfilter könnte in den Druckausgleichskanal 19, vorzugsweise in dessen Bohrung 20, ein Filterelement eingesetzt sein.Instead of using a correspondingly small-sized nozzle bore 27 as a particle filter, a filter element could be inserted into the pressure compensation channel 19, preferably in its bore 20.
Um die weitere Gefahr der Beeinträchtigung des Dicht- und Führungssy- stemes zu vermeiden, die sich durch an der Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 bereits angelagerte Schmutzpartikel ergeben könnte, ist das Führungsband 1 7 zusätzlich als Abstreiferelement ausgebildet, dessen Aufbau insbesonde- re aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist. Wie gezeigt, weist dieses Abstreiferelement als Grundteil, der die Funktion der Kolbenführung in Zusammenwirkung mit der Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 ausübt, einen Rechteckring 29 auf, der in einer in den Umfang des Kolbens 3 eingearbeiteten Ringnut 31 gelagert ist. Die die Führungsfläche bildende, äußere Ringfläche 33 des Rechteckringes 29 ist in Axialrichtung zur Bildung einer Abstreiferlippe 35 verlängert. Diese erstreckt sich über eine axiale Länge, die etwas größer als die halbe axiale Länge des Rechteckringes 29 ist, siehe Fig. 2. Wie aus Fig. 2 ebenfalls deutlich zu ersehen ist, verjüngt sich die Lippe 35, ausgehend von ihrer Wurzel am Rechteckring 29, bis zum Endrand 37 hin mit einem Verjüngungswinkel α, der beim gezeigten Beispiel gegenüber der Axialrichtung etwa 10 Grad beträgt. Wie ebenfalls aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist, beträgt die radiale Dicke der Lippe 37 an ihrer an den Rechteckring 29 angrenzenden Wurzel etwas weniger als die Hälfte der radialen Dicke des Rechteckringes 29.In order to avoid the further risk of impairment of the sealing and guiding system, which could result from dirt particles already deposited on the inner wall of the housing 1, the guiding band 17 is additionally designed as a wiper element, the construction of which re can be seen from Fig. 2. As shown, this scraper element, as the base part, which performs the function of the piston guide in cooperation with the inner wall of the housing 1, has a rectangular ring 29 which is mounted in an annular groove 31 machined into the circumference of the piston 3. The outer ring surface 33 of the rectangular ring 29 forming the guide surface is extended in the axial direction to form a wiper lip 35. This extends over an axial length that is somewhat greater than half the axial length of the rectangular ring 29, see FIG. 2. As can also be clearly seen from FIG. 2, the lip 35 tapers, starting from its root on the rectangular ring 29 , up to the end edge 37 with a taper angle α, which in the example shown is about 10 degrees with respect to the axial direction. As can also be seen from FIG. 2, the radial thickness of the lip 37 at its root adjoining the rectangular ring 29 is somewhat less than half the radial thickness of the rectangular ring 29.
Bei dem das Führungsband 1 7 bildenden Führungs- und Abstreiferelement bestehen der Rechteckring 29 und die mit ihm einstückig geformte Abstreiferlippe 35 aus einem elastomeren Werkstoff, so dass der Rechteckring 29 in die Ringnut 31 am Kolben 3 einschnappbar ist und sich die Lippe 35 flexibel auskragend erstreckt. Wie aus Fig. 1 entnehmbar ist, erstreckt sich die Lippe 35 über einem im Außendurchmesser etwas verringerten, endseitigen Umfangsabschnitt 39 des Kolbens 3, der bis in den Bereich des fluidseitigen Endes 13 reicht. Durch den im Abschnitt 39 gebildeten Zwischenraum zwi- sehen Kolben 3 und Lippe 35 kann sich diese federnd nachgiebig an die Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 anschmiegen, wodurch die Lippe 35 eine optimale Abstreiferwirkung erreicht. Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Ausbildung des Führungs- und Abdichtsystems mit Druckausgleich zwischen dem Raum 23 am Kolbenumfang und der Fluidseite 7 und die in Kombination hiermit vorgesehenen Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung der Anlagerung von Schmutzpartikeln an der Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 ist ein einwandfreies Betriebsverhalten über eine sehr lange Betriebslebensdauer hinweg gewährleistet.In the guide and scraper element forming the guide band 17, the rectangular ring 29 and the scraper lip 35 formed integrally with it are made of an elastomeric material, so that the rectangular ring 29 can be snapped into the annular groove 31 on the piston 3 and the lip 35 extends flexibly and projecting , As can be seen from FIG. 1, the lip 35 extends over an end-side circumferential section 39 of the piston 3 which is somewhat reduced in outer diameter and extends into the region of the fluid-side end 13. Due to the space formed in section 39 between the piston 3 and the lip 35, the latter can resiliently nestle against the inner wall of the housing 1, as a result of which the lip 35 achieves an optimal scraper effect. Due to the inventive design of the guidance and sealing system with pressure equalization between the space 23 on the piston circumference and the fluid side 7 and the measures provided in combination to avoid the accumulation of dirt particles on the inner wall of the housing 1, a perfect operating behavior over a very long service life guaranteed.
Das in Blickrichtung auf die Fig.1 gesehen links dargestellte Führungsband 9 kann vergleichbar dem rechts dargestellten Führungsband 1 7 ausgestaltet bzw. durch dieses ersetzt sein. The guide band 9 shown on the left in the direction of view of FIG. 1 can be configured or replaced by the guide band 17 shown on the right.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e Patent claims
1 . Hydrospeicher mit einem im Speichergehäuse (1 ) in dessen Axialrichtung bewegbaren, eine Gasseite (5) von einer Fluidseite (7) des Spei- chergehäuses (1 ) trennenden Kolben (3), an dessen Umfang für die Zusammenwirkung mit der Wand des Speichergehäuses (1) vorgesehene Führungselemente (9, 1 7) und zumindest ein Dichtelement (15) vorhanden sind, das, in Axialrichtung zu den Führungselementen (9, 1 7) versetzt, in dem zwischen diesen gelegenen Umfangsabschnitt des Kolbens (3) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen demjenigen1 . Hydraulic accumulator with a piston (3) movable in the axial direction in the accumulator housing (1) and separating a gas side (5) from a fluid side (7) of the accumulator housing (1), on its circumference for interaction with the wall of the accumulator housing (1 ) There are provided guide elements (9, 1 7) and at least one sealing element (15) which, offset in the axial direction to the guide elements (9, 1 7), is arranged in the circumferential section of the piston (3) located between them that between that
Führungselement (17), das der an die Fluidseite (7) angrenzenden Kolbenseite nächstgelegen ist, und dem in Axialrichtung nächstfolgenden, in Axialrichtung zur Gasseite (5) hin versetzten Dichtelement (1 5) ein Druckausgleichskanal (19) am Kolbenumfang mündet, der im Kolben (3) einen Fluidweg zur Fluidseite (7) hin bildet, und dass im Druckausgleichskanal (19) eine dessen Durchlaßquerschnitt verkleinernde Einrichtung (25) vorgesehen ist.Guide element (17), which is the piston side adjacent to the fluid side (7), and the next in the axial direction, axially offset to the gas side (5) offset sealing element (1 5), a pressure compensation channel (19) on the piston circumference, which opens into the piston (3) forms a fluid path to the fluid side (7), and that a device (25) reducing its passage cross section is provided in the pressure compensation channel (19).
2. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Verkleinerung des Durchlaßquerschnittes des Druckausgleichskanales2. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the reduction of the passage cross section of the pressure compensation channel
(19) bewirkende Einrichtung (25) den Durchlaßquerschnitt so stark verkleinert, dass sie als Partikelfilter wirksam ist.(19) effecting device (25) reduces the passage cross section so much that it is effective as a particle filter.
3. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die den Durchlaßquerschnitt verkleinernde Einrichtung durch eine Drosseleinrichtung (25) gebildet ist.3. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the device reducing the passage cross section is formed by a throttle device (25).
4. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drosseleinrichtung eine Düse (25) aufweist. 4. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the throttle device has a nozzle (25).
5. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse (25) an der an die Fluidseite (7) angrenzenden Kolbenseite in die Mündung des Druckausgleichskanal (19) eingesetzt ist.5. A hydraulic accumulator according to claim 4, characterized in that the nozzle (25) on the piston side adjacent to the fluid side (7) is inserted into the mouth of the pressure compensation channel (19).
6. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drosseleinrichtung durch ein im Druckausgleichskanal (19) angeordnetes, poröses Filterelement gebildet ist.6. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 3, characterized in that the throttle device is formed by a porous filter element arranged in the pressure compensation channel (19).
7. Hydrospeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das der Fluidseite (7) des Kolbens (3) nächstgelegene Führungselement eng benachbart zum fluidseitigen Ende (13) des Kolbens (3) angeordnet und durch ein Führungsband (1 7) mit einer sich zumindest näherungsweise bis zum Ende (13) des Kolbens (3) erstreckenden Schmutzabstreiferlippe (35) gebildet ist.7. Hydraulic accumulator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fluid side (7) of the piston (3) closest guide element is arranged closely adjacent to the fluid-side end (13) of the piston (3) and by a guide belt (1 7) is formed with a dirt wiper lip (35) which extends at least approximately to the end (13) of the piston (3).
8. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungsband (1 7) einen in einer Ringnut (31 ) des Kolbenumfanges sitzenden Rechteckring (29) mit einer dessen radial außenliegende Ring- fläche (33) an einer Seite in Axialrichtung verlängernden Schmutzabstreiferlippe (35) aufweist, die sich zu ihrem Endrand (37) hin verjüngt.8. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide band (1 7) has a rectangular ring (29) seated in an annular groove (31) of the piston circumference with a radially outer annular surface (33) on one side in the axial direction extending dirt wiper lip ( 35) which tapers towards its end edge (37).
9. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (3) in dem Umfangsbereich, der sich vom fluidseitigen Ende (1 3) bis zur Ringnut (31) erstreckt, einen Abschnitt (39) verringerten Außendurchmessers besitzt, über dem sich die Schmutzabstreiferlippe (35) erstreckt. 9. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 8, characterized in that the piston (3) in the peripheral region, which extends from the fluid-side end (1 3) to the annular groove (31), has a section (39) of reduced outer diameter over which the Dirt wiper lip (35) extends.
0. Hydrospeicher nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rechteckring (29) mit der mit ihm einstückigen Schmutzabstreiferlippe (35) aus elastomerem Werkstoff gebildet ist. 0. Hydraulic accumulator according to claim 9, characterized in that the rectangular ring (29) with the dirt wiper lip (35) which is integral with it is formed from elastomeric material.
EP03809250A 2002-10-19 2003-08-01 Hydraulic accumulator Expired - Lifetime EP1552162B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10248823 2002-10-19
DE10248823A DE10248823A1 (en) 2002-10-19 2002-10-19 hydraulic accumulator
PCT/EP2003/008517 WO2004038230A1 (en) 2002-10-19 2003-08-01 Hydraulic accumulator

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EP1552162A1 true EP1552162A1 (en) 2005-07-13
EP1552162B1 EP1552162B1 (en) 2007-01-24

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JP (1) JP2006503247A (en)
AT (1) ATE352719T1 (en)
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WO (2) WO2004038230A1 (en)

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DE10248823A1 (en) 2004-05-06
WO2004038230A1 (en) 2004-05-06
ATE352719T1 (en) 2007-02-15
JP2006503247A (en) 2006-01-26
WO2004038231A1 (en) 2004-05-06
US7322377B2 (en) 2008-01-29
DE50306403D1 (en) 2007-03-15
US20060130920A1 (en) 2006-06-22
EP1552162B1 (en) 2007-01-24

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