EP1541932B1 - Mist evaporation apparatus for a ventilation duct - Google Patents

Abstract

The evaporator (1) for the flow cross section of an air duct with the airflow holding water in droplet form. The evaporator has two oppositely arranged evaporator plates (2) angled to the airflow and spaced so that the overlapping areas do not contact. A flow space is thus defined between the plates, through which connectors between the plates extend. The connectors can be porous to be air permeable.

Description

The present invention relates to an evaporator device for covering a flow cross-section of an air flow channel, as defined in the preamble of independent claim 1.

Evaporator devices are used in particular in humidification systems which have an air flow channel through which air flows in an air flow direction. There are several ways to humidify the air. For example, nozzles can be used which atomize the water supplied to them into the air flowing through, wherein the nozzles can be directed both in and against the air flow direction. The water becomes aerosols, i. floatable water droplets, torn, which partly go into the gaseous state and are absorbed by the air. However, especially in short air flow channels, the air can not always absorb the aerosols fast enough so that water droplets of different sizes are entrained by the air flow. These can wet subsequent parts of the system, which can lead to corrosion damage. In order to prevent such corrosion damage, droplet separation devices and / or post-evaporation devices are used, which remove the water droplets as completely as possible from the air flowing through them.

Such devices of various kinds are state of the art. In CH-A-673 519, for example, a device is disclosed which has a flow cross section of the Air flow channel completely covering Nachverdunsterelement of a material having a spongy structure, such as ceramic. The entrained in the air flow water droplets are taken on impact with such Nachverdunsterelemente of the spongy structure and partially evaporated by this. A disadvantage of this device is its high air resistance and the associated loss of power. To compensate for this power loss, larger humidifiers with higher energy requirements must be used.

In DE-C-100 35 881 an evaporator device is described, which was developed to remedy this disadvantage and has a smaller air resistance. In this evaporator device, at least two plates of hygroscopic material having an open-pore foam structure which are each completely covering the flow cross-section of the air flow channel are arranged spaced from each other in the air flow direction. The at least two plates each have a number of openings in the flow direction of the air, wherein the openings of one plate are offset from the openings of an adjacent plate. Thanks to these openings, through which a part of the air flows, the pressure loss of the air flow through the evaporator device is considerably reduced. On the back of the plates, however, can be torn by the flow of air drops of water that have been previously driven through the through holes.

DE-U-201 18 140 discloses an evaporator device with a plurality of porous plate elements arranged one above the other, which are pivotally mounted. The plate elements can be a Take position in which they are arranged obliquely to the air flow direction and spaced from each other so that they overlap in a vertical overlap area without contact. It is disadvantageous that each individual plate element is surrounded by a frame, wherein the frames have to ensure the discharge of the excess water downwards.

In view of the disadvantages of the previously known evaporator devices described above, the invention has the following object. To create is an evaporator device of the type mentioned, the water drops from air flowing through and evaporates, with optimal evaporation performance of the pressure loss of the air flow should be as low as possible. In addition, the evaporator device should advantageously be adaptable in a simple manner to different flow cross sections of air flow channels.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the device as defined in independent claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the inventive device will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The essence of the invention is as follows: An evaporator device covers a flow cross-section of an air flow passage through which air flows in an air flow direction containing water in droplet form. The evaporator device has at least two porous, open-pore evaporator plates arranged one above the other. These evaporator plates are obliquely arranged to the air flow direction and spaced from each other so that they are in one Overlap vertical overlap area without contact. Horizontally adjacent to said evaporator plates at least two further Verdunsterplatten are arranged obliquely to the air flow direction, which also overlap contactless in a vertical overlap region and overlap the horizontally adjacent Verdunsterplatten each in a horizontal overlap area without contact.

The water droplets leading air flows in the inventive evaporator device to a part through the evaporator plates, whereby the water droplets are retained by the Verdunsterplatten and remain in these. This remaining water is evaporated in the subsequent flowing through the evaporator plates air or drains down.

To another part of the air flows at the at least one front in the overlap area Verdunsterplatte under diversion over. The inertia of the water droplets guided in the air stream causes them to be separated from the bypassed air and reach at least one evaporator plate in the rear region of the overlap, where they in turn evaporate or flow downwards.

Due to the overlapping of the evaporator plates, the plate area is increased, which leads to an increase in the evaporation capacity, without the pressure loss of the air flow rising too much.

The inventive evaporator device makes it possible to cover the flow cross-section of the air flow channel and thus removing and evaporating the water droplets of the air stream from the air stream, without causing the evaporator device too large pressure losses.

The vertical and horizontal overlap of the evaporator plates ensures that the water flow from one edge of a front evaporator plate in the overlap area collects water droplets from an adjacent rear evaporator plate.

In addition, vertical and horizontal overlap of the evaporator plates allows for easy adaptation of the evaporator device to different flow cross-sections of air flow channels by varying the size of the overlap regions as needed.

Preferably, in the overlapping area of an upper evaporator plate and a lower evaporator plate, the upper evaporator plate is arranged in the air flow direction in front of the lower evaporator plate. The retained by the evaporator plates water, which is not evaporated in the air flow, flows in such a tile roof-shaped arrangement of Verdunsterplatten by gravity and the air flow in the Verdunsterplatten first to the lower rear edges, is torn off from there and meets in the overlapping area on the lower adjacent evaporator plates, so that no water droplets reach the area of the air flow channel behind the evaporator device. Also, such an arrangement ensures sufficient deflection of the portion of the air flow, which is deflected.

Advantageously, the evaporator plates are each arranged in the overlapping areas with their horizontally adjacent Verdunsterplatten either in the air flow direction in front of all these horizontally adjacent Verdunsterplatten or arranged in the air flow direction behind all these horizontally adjacent Verdunsterplatten. Such an arrangement ensures on the one hand a sufficient deflection of the part of the air flow, which is deflected, and on the other hand prevents short circuits in which the air flow can penetrate the evaporator device unhindered.

In further embodiments, the arrangement of the evaporator plates is rotated by 90 ° or 180 ° about the air flow direction. Such arrangements are alternatives to the arrangement described above, which may be advantageous for certain geometric conditions.

Preferably, at least one of the evaporator plates is designed to be tapered downwards, so that the cross section of the evaporator plate which is opposite to the air flow decreases towards the bottom. Thus, the retained water from the evaporator plate, which is not evaporated in the air flow, improved orderly get from an upper to lower Verdunsterplatten. In particular, it can thus be prevented that this water flows past the rear evaporator plates laterally.

Advantageously, at least one of the evaporator plates at its upper and / or at its lower end to an air guide. Thus, the air flow, which does not penetrate the evaporator plate, can be further deflected, so that the inertia of the water droplets works even better.

Preferably, the evaporator device comprises vertically arranged support strips, in which the evaporator plates are inserted, so that each evaporator plate is supported by two support strips. Such support bars allow easy and flexible mounting of the evaporator device on site.

In a preferred embodiment variant, the evaporator device has a planar air-guiding element for deflecting the air impinging next to the outermost evaporator plates onto the evaporator plates. With such an air guiding element, a flow-calmed zone can be created in the edge region of the evaporator device, from which the air is directed onto the evaporator plates. This ensures that no water droplets containing water flows through between the edge of the evaporator plates and the air flow passage wall.

Advantageously, the evaporator device comprises a collecting trough arranged below the lowermost evaporator plates and / or between evaporator plates. About such a collecting channel or such collecting channels can be collected and discharged from the evaporator plates downwardly directed water, regardless of the formation of the bottom of the air flow channel.

In an advantageous embodiment, a passage through the evaporator device is present between an upper evaporator plate and a lower evaporator plate, which passage is covered by at least one connecting element connecting the two evaporator plates.

Due to its air resistance, the at least one connecting element ensures that the rear evaporator plate in the overlapping region flows better through in comparison to a variant without connecting element, since the air flow between the two evaporator plates and the connecting element arranged one above the other is stowed, whereby the air pressure is increased.

A further advantage of the at least one connecting element is that it conducts water which has not evaporated from an upper evaporator plate arranged directly underneath. This has the consequence that the lower evaporator plate is better moistened and no or at least less water is torn from the upper plate by the air flow.

Preferably, the at least one connector is impermeable to water in droplet form. This ensures that any water droplets that are not separated during the diversion of the air flow are intercepted by the at least one connecting element.

Advantageously, the at least one connecting element is permeable to air, in particular porous and open-pored. This has the consequence that a part of the deflected air flows through the at least one connecting element. In this way, the pressure loss of the entire evaporator device is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one connecting element is more permeable to air than the evaporator plates. This can be achieved, for example, by making the connecting element thinner or more or larger Is provided pores provided. This ensures that the pressure loss of the air flow through the connecting element is lower.

In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the at least one connecting element is airtight. The entire bypassed air then flows through the back of the overlap area evaporator plate, whereby it is flowed through optimally.

In a preferred embodiment, the evaporator plates and the at least one connecting element made of a ceramic material. Suitable ceramic plates, which belong to the prior art, absorb part of the impinging drops of water and evaporate them back into the air flowing through.

Advantageously, the at least one connecting element is placed only on the associated Verdunsterplatten or clamped between them. This allows a quick mounting.

Preferably, the evaporator device has at least one transfer element which is arranged between an upper evaporator plate and a lower evaporator plate laterally in one of the horizontal overlap regions. Such transfer elements provide for a better drainage of water from the upper to the lower Verdunsterplatten in the horizontal overlap areas.

Fig. 1 -

eine perspektivische Ansicht schräg von vorne eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässen Verdunstereinrichtung, wobei nicht alle Elemente dargestellt sind;

Fig. 2 -

eine Frontalansicht der Verdunstereinrichtung von Fig. 1 in einem Luftströmungskanal;

Fig. 3 -

eine perspektivische Ansicht der in einen Luftströmungskanal eingebauten Verdunstereinrichtung von Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 -

eine seitliche Ansicht einer Reihe von Verdunsterplatten der Verdunstereinrichtung in einem Luftströmungskanal aus Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 -

eine seitliche Ansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels der Anordnung einer Reihe von Verdunsterplatten in einem Luftströmungskanal;

Fig. 6 -

eine Draufsicht auf eine horizontale Serie von Verdunsterplatten der Verdunstereinrichtung in einem Luftströmungskanal aus Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 -

eine Draufsicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Anordnung einer horizontale Serie von Verdunsterplatten in einem Luftströmungskanal;

Fig. 8 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht zweier benachbarter Verdunsterplatten von Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht zweier benachbarter Verdunsterplatten von Fig. 5;

Fig. 10 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels von Verdunsterplatten in der Anordnung gemäss Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht der Verdunsterplatten von Fig. 10 in der Anordnung gemäss Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht einer in einem Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung mit einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines oberen Luftleitelements;

Fig. 13 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht entsprechend Fig. 12, aber mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel eines oberen Luftleitelements;

Fig. 14 -

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail der im Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung von Fig. 2 mit einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines seitlichen Luftleitelements;

Fig. 15 -

eine Draufsicht auf ein Detail einer in einem Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel eines seitlichen Luftleitelements;

Fig. 16 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht der im Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung von Fig. 2 mit einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eines unteren Luftleitelements;

Fig. 17 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht einer in einem Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel eines unteren Luftleitelements;

Fig. 18 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht einer in einem Luftströmungskanal angeordneten Verdunstereinrichtung mit einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel eines unteren Luftleitelements;

Fig. 19 -

eine perspektivische Ansicht schräg von hinten eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässen Verdunstereinrichtung mit Verbindungselementen zwischen übereinander angeordneten Verdunsterplatten;

Fig. 20 -

eine seitliche Ansicht einer Reihe von Verdunsterplatten mit Verbindungselementen in einem Luftströmungskanal;

Fig. 21 -

eine seitliche Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels der Anordnung einer Reihe von Verdunsterplatten mit Verbindungselementen in einem Luftströmungskanal;

Fig. 22 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht zweier vertikal benachbarter Verdunsterplatten mit Verbindungselement von Fig. 20;

Fig. 23 -

eine seitliche Detailansicht zweier vertikal benachbarter Verdunsterplatten mit Verbindungselement gemäss einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel; und

Fig. 24 -

eine perspektivische Ansicht schräg von hinten eines Details eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemässen Verdunstereinrichtung mit seitlichen Überleitungselementen zwischen übereinander angeordneten Verdunsterplatten.

In the following, the inventive evaporator device with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to Embodiments described in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 -

a perspective view obliquely from the front of an embodiment of an inventive evaporator device, wherein not all elements are shown;

Fig. 2 -

a front view of the evaporator device of Figure 1 in an air flow channel.

Fig. 3 -

a perspective view of the installed in an air flow channel evaporator device of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 -

a side view of a series of Verdunsterplatten the evaporator device in an air flow passage of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 -

a side view of a second embodiment of the arrangement of a series of Verdunsterplatten in an air flow channel;

Fig. 6 -

a plan view of a horizontal series of Verdunsterplatten the evaporator device in an air flow passage of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 -

a plan view of a second embodiment of the arrangement of a horizontal series of Verdunsterplatten in an air flow passage;

Fig. 8 -

a side detail view of two adjacent Verdunsterplatten of Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 -

a side detail view of two adjacent Verdunsterplatten of Fig. 5;

Fig. 10 -

a side detail view of a second embodiment of Verdunsterplatten in the arrangement of FIG. 8;

Fig. 11 -

a side detail view of the evaporator plates of Figure 10 in the arrangement of FIG. 9.

Fig. 12 -

a side detail view of an arranged in an air flow channel evaporator device with a first embodiment of an upper air guide element;

Fig. 13 -

a side detail view corresponding to Figure 12, but with a second embodiment of an upper air guide.

Fig. 14 -

a plan view of a detail of the arranged in the air flow channel evaporator device of Figure 2 with a first embodiment of a lateral air guide element.

Fig. 15 -

a plan view of a detail of an arranged in an air flow duct evaporator device with a second embodiment of a lateral air guide element;

Fig. 16 -

a side detail view of the arranged in the air flow channel evaporator device of Figure 2 with a first embodiment of a lower air guide.

Fig. 17 -

a side detail view of an arranged in an air flow duct evaporator device with a second embodiment of a lower air guide;

Fig. 18 -

a side detail view of an arranged in an air flow duct evaporator device with a third embodiment of a lower air guide element;

Fig. 19 -

a perspective view obliquely from behind an embodiment of an inventive evaporator device with connecting elements between evaporator plates arranged one above the other;

Fig. 20 -

a side view of a series of Verdunsterplatten with connecting elements in an air flow channel;

Fig. 21 -

a side view of another embodiment of the arrangement of a series of Verdunsterplatten with connecting elements in an air flow channel;

Fig. 22 -

a side detail view of two vertically adjacent Verdunsterplatten with connecting element of Fig. 20;

Fig. 23 -

a side detail view of two vertically adjacent Verdunsterplatten with connecting element according to another embodiment; and

Fig. 24 -

a perspective view obliquely from behind a detail of an embodiment of an inventive evaporator device with lateral transfer elements between superposed Verdunsterplatten.

1 and 2 show support strips 3 and evaporator plates 2 of an embodiment of an inventive evaporator device 1, wherein in FIG. 2 additionally an air flow channel 5 is shown. The Verdunsterplatten 2 are arranged in five rows 23 tile roof shape one above the other and in nine horizontal rows 24. They are positioned slightly obliquely in the vertical direction and overlap their lower adjacent Verdunsterplatten 2 in vertical overlapping areas 21. The evaporator plates 2 are substantially cuboid and made of an open-cell porous material. At their lateral edges, the evaporator plates 2 in the lower region chamfers 25, so that they taper downwards, that is, that their width decreases in the lower region downwards. The rows 23 of evaporator plates 2 are arranged alternately in front of one another and behind one another such that each evaporator plate 2 is parallel to its horizontal neighbors and projects beyond them in each case in a horizontal overlapping region 22. This horizontal overlap may vary depending on the air flow channel, allowing standard diffuser plates 2 to cover different widths of air flow channels.

On both sides of each row 23 of evaporator plates 2, a carrier strip 3 is arranged in each case. Each carrier strip 3 has two parallel rows of slots 32 into which the evaporator plates 2 are sealed by means of, for example, elastic seals. A row 23 of evaporator plates 2 is inserted in each case in one of the two rows of slots 32. In the outermost two carrier strips 3, only one row of slots 32 is occupied by evaporator plates 2 in each case. Alternatively, the two could outermost carrier bars also be formed only with a number of slots. The carrier strips 3 are folded over at their longitudinal sides 31, whereby on the one hand the supporting stability of the carrier strips 3 is increased and on the other hand on the longitudinal sides 31 impinging air is diverted to the evaporator plates 2 with the lowest possible pressure loss.

The following definition applies to the entire further description. If reference signs are included in a figure for the purpose of clarity of the drawing, but are not mentioned in the directly related text of the description, their explanation will be referred to in the preceding description of the figures.

FIG. 3 shows the evaporator device 1 of FIG. 2 installed in an air flow channel 5 in a perspective view. The air flow channel 5 has a rectangular cross-section and comprises a ceiling 50, a bottom 52 and two lateral walls 51. The evaporator device 1 is arranged in the air flow channel 5, that each evaporator plate 2 their respective downwardly adjacent evaporator plate 2 in the vertical overlap region 21 of the two Cover evaporator plates 2 with respect to an impinging on the evaporator device 1 air flow. Between the outermost carrier strips 3 and the walls 51, a lateral Luftumleitblech 40 and below the lowermost horizontal series 24 of the evaporator plates 2, a lower Luftumleitblech 41 is arranged in each case. The lateral Luftumleitbleche 40 and the lower Luftumleitblech 41 direct the impinging on the edge region of the evaporator device 1 air flow gently and without significant pressure loss to the evaporator plates 2.

In operation, for example, the air flow from the view side shown in FIG. 3 impinges on the evaporator device 1 and partially penetrates the evaporator plates 2. Water droplets transported in the air flow are retained. The evaporator plates 2 with the retained water are traversed on the one hand by the subsequent air flow, which leads to a partial evaporation, and on the other hand flows the excess water in the evaporator plates 2 to the lower rear edges. From there it is torn off by the air flow and directed in each case to the lower adjacent evaporator plates 2. After the lowermost horizontal series 24 of evaporator plates 2, the excess water is discharged at the lower end of the evaporator device 1 in arranged on the bottom 52 water collection trays 6.

4, a row 23 of evaporator plates 2 in the air flow channel 5 is shown. The air flow direction 7 of the air flow channel 5 is indicated symbolically by arrows. In this figure, it can be seen that the evaporator plates 2 of a row 23 are arranged at a distance from one another, so that the air impinging on the evaporator device 1 can partially flow through between the evaporator plates 2. Thus, the pressure drop induced by the evaporator device 1 in the air flow channel 5 can be kept small.

Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of an arrangement of a vertical row 230 of evaporator plates 2 in the air flow channel 5. The evaporator plates 2 are compared to the row 23 shown in Fig. 4 rotated by 180 ° about the air flow direction 7, so that the evaporator plates 2 each overlap upwardly adjacent evaporator plate 2 in the air flow direction 7.

FIG. 6 shows a horizontal series 24 of evaporator plates 2 of the evaporator device 1 of FIG. 3 in the air flow channel 5. The lateral Luftumleitbleche 40 are not shown. It can be seen that the outermost rows 23 of evaporator plates 2, which adjoin the walls 51 of the air flow channel 5, respectively in the air flow facing row of slots 32 of the outermost and zweitäussersten carrier strip 3 are inserted.

Fig. 7 shows a second embodiment of an arrangement of a horizontal series 240 of evaporator plates 2 in the air flow channel 5. The lateral Luftumleitbleche 40 are not shown in Fig. 6. The outermost rows 23 of evaporator plates 2, which adjoin the walls 51 of the air flow channel 5, are respectively inserted in the air stream facing away from row 32 of the respective outermost and zweitäussersten carrier bar 3.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show how the air flow penetrates and flows around two adjacent evaporator plates 2 arranged in a row 23 and 230, respectively. This is done on the one hand in a Durchdringrichtung 71, in which the air flow penetrates the porous, open material of the evaporator plates 2, and on the other hand in a Umströmungsbahn 72 and 720, in which the air flow flows between the evaporator plates 2. By deflecting the air flow in the flow path 72 and 720, the water droplets are separated from the air stream, since their inertia is too large to be redirected with the air flow.

10 and 11 show a second embodiment of Verdunsterplatten 20, which are arranged in a row 23 and 230, respectively. The evaporator plates 20 have at their ends an air guide element in the form of a Luftumleitfortsatzes 201, which protrudes toward the vertically adjacent Verdunsterplatte 20 out. As a result, the deflection in the bypass path 721 or 722 is amplified, resulting in a better separation of water droplets with a small inertia.

12 shows the arrangement of an upper Luftumleitblechs 42 on a Verduntersterplatte 2 the topmost series and the ceiling 50 of the air flow channel 5. The upper Luftumleitblech 42 is close to the top Verdunsterplatte 2 and the ceiling 50, so that no air between the ceiling 50 and upper evaporator plate 2 can flow through.

In Fig. 13, a second embodiment of an upper Luftumleitblechs 420 is shown. The Luftumleitblech 420 in turn is close to the ceiling 50, but is spaced from the uppermost evaporator plate 2, so that air can flow under deflection between the upper evaporator plate 2 and cover 50 of the air flow channel 5.

FIGS. 14 and 15 show two embodiments of lateral Luftumleitblechen 40 and 400. In each case, an edge region of the horizontal series 24 of evaporator plates 2 of Fig. 6 is shown. The lateral Luftumleitblech 40 of FIG. 14 is close to the wall 51 of the air flow channel 5 and to the nearest support bar 3 at. The lateral Luftumleitblech 400 of FIG. 15, however, is arranged so that it rests tightly against the wall 51 and projects beyond the nearest carrier strip 3 spaced.

In FIGS. 16 to 18, three exemplary embodiments of lower Luftumleitblechen 41 and 410 and 411 are shown. In each case, a part of a row 23 of evaporator plates 2, the bottom 52 of the air flow channel 5 and the lower Luftumleitblech 41 and 410 or 411 and collecting channels 8 are shown. The collecting grooves 8 are connected to the lower Luftumleitblechen 41 or 410 and 411 and respectively arranged so that they can absorb the discharged via the bottom evaporator plate 2 water and can dissipate. In Fig. 16, the lower Luftumleitblech 41 ends below the bottom evaporator plate 2 at the level of the front end of the collecting channel 8. There is a gap between the bottom evaporator plate 2 and lower Luftumleitblech 41. In Fig. 17, the lower Luftumleitblech 410 projects beyond the lower end the lowest evaporator plate 2 and is spaced from this, so that the air can flow only deflected between the bottom evaporator plate 2 and Luftumleitblech 410. In Fig. 18, finally, the lower Luftumleitblech 411 is close to the bottom evaporator plate 2, so that between the bottom evaporator plate 2 and collecting channel 8 no air can flow through, which facilitates the flow of water in the collecting channel 8.

FIG. 19 shows a further embodiment of an inventive evaporator device comprising three rows and five series of evaporator plates 2. In this embodiment, the passages through the evaporator device 100 between two evaporator plates 2 arranged one above the other are each covered by an air-permeable connecting element 9 connecting the two evaporator plates 2 or alternatively by two air-permeable connecting elements 91 and 92 connecting the two evaporator plates 2. The connecting elements 9, 91, 92 are located between the support strips 3 on the evaporator plates 2. Preferably, they are clamped between the evaporator plates 2.

The evaporator plates 2 of the uppermost series are each provided with an upper Luftumleitblech 42, while on both sides outermost support strips 3 of the evaporator 1 side Luftumleitbleche 40 are arranged (in Fig. 19, only the outermost support bar 3 with lateral Luftumleitblech 40 visible.).

In operation, the air flow from behind hits the evaporator device 100 and partially penetrates the evaporator plates 2. In the process, transported water droplets are retained. The evaporator plates 2 with the retained water on the one hand flows through the subsequent air flow, which leads to a partial evaporation of the water, and on the other hand flows the excess water in the evaporator plates 2 down. A portion of the downwardly flowing water flows through the connecting elements 9, 91, 92 through each in the lower adjacent Verdunsterplatten 2. Another part of the water flows to the lower rear edges of the evaporator plates 2 and is torn off from there by the air flow and turn to each the lower adjacent Verdunsterplatten 2 passed.

FIG. 20 shows a row 23 of evaporator plates 2 in the air flow channel 5. The air flow direction in the air flow channel 5 is indicated symbolically by arrows 7. In this figure it can be seen that the evaporator plates 2 of a row 23 are arranged at a distance from each other, that between two adjacent evaporator plates 2 arranged one above the other there is in each case a passage through the evaporator device 100 which is covered by an air-permeable, thin connecting element 9 connecting the two evaporator plates 2. The air impinging on the evaporator device 100 can thus flow partly between the evaporator plates 2 through to the connecting elements 9 and through them. Thus, the pressure drop induced by the evaporator device 100 in the air flow passage 5 can be kept small.

Fig. 21 shows a further embodiment of an arrangement of a vertical row 230 of evaporator plates 2 in the air flow channel 5. The Verdunsterplatten 2 are compared to the row 23 shown in Fig. 20 rotated by 180 ° to the air flow direction 7, so that in the overlapping region of an upper Verdunsterplatte 2 and a lower evaporator plate 2, the upper evaporator plate 2 is arranged in the air flow direction 7 in front of the lower Verdunsterplatte 2. The connecting elements 9 are here on the lower evaporator plate 2 on top and on the back of the upper evaporator plate 2 at. Preferably, they are clamped between the evaporator plates 2.

FIGS. 22 and 23 show how the air flow penetrates and flows around two adjacent evaporator plates 2 arranged in a row 23 and 230, respectively. This is done on the one hand in a Durchdringrichtung 71, in which the air flow penetrates the porous, porous material of the evaporator plates 2, on the other hand in a Umströmungsbahn 73 and 730, in which the air flow between the Verdunsterplatten 2 and through the connecting element 9 and 93 therethrough flows, and finally in a flow and Durchdringungsbahn 74 and 740, in which the air flow around the front evaporator plate 2 around and through the rear Verdunsterplatte 2 passes. By redirecting the air flow in the webs 73 and 74 or 730 and 740, the water droplets are separated from the air stream because their inertia is too large to be redirected with the air flow. The connecting element 9 or 93 ensures that part of the air flowing between the evaporator plates 2 air is passed through the rear evaporator plate 2.

The connecting element 9 also ensures that the part of the lower evaporator plate 2 situated in the overlapping area is supplied with sufficient water, whereby the evaporation capacity is increased.

The connecting element 93 is fastened to the evaporator plates 2, for example with a clamp. It ensures that the flowing down in the upper evaporator plate 2 water is almost completely passed into the lower evaporator plate 2.

In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 24, the evaporator device according to the invention has transition elements 99 arranged laterally in the horizontal overlap region between evaporator plates 2 arranged one above the other, in particular of the rear rows. These deflecting elements 99, which are bent in the present case, support the effect of the tapering of the evaporator plates 2 by the bevels 25 and ensure a better drainage of water from the upper to the lower evaporator plates 2.

• Die Fig. 4 und 5 könnten auch Draufsichten auf eine horizontale Serie von Verdunsterplatten 2 sein. Vertikal würden die Verdunsterplatten 2 dann entsprechend den in den Fig. 6 und 7 gezeigten horizontalen Serien 24 angeordnet.
• Anstatt unterhalb der untersten Verdunsterplatten 2, 20 oder vorzugsweise zusätzlich dazu kann auch zwischen zwei horizontalen Serien 24 von Verdunsterplatten eine Sammelrinne angeordnet sein. Dies kann insbesondere dann von Vorteil sein, wenn von den Verdunsterplatten sehr viel Wasser nach unten geleitet wird.
• Das untere Luftumleitblech 41, 410, 411 kann in seinem unteren Teil mit einem Gummilappen versehen sein, der eine Abdichtung zum Luftströmungskanalboden 52 sicherstellt.

For the above-described inventive evaporator devices further constructive variations can be realized. Expressly mentioned here:

• FIGS. 4 and 5 could also be plan views of a horizontal series of evaporator plates 2. Vertically, the evaporator plates 2 would then be arranged according to the horizontal series 24 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
• Instead of below the bottom evaporator plates 2, 20 or preferably in addition thereto, a collecting trough can also be arranged between two horizontal series 24 of evaporator plates. This can be particularly advantageous if a lot of water is passed down from the evaporator plates.
• The lower Luftumleitblech 41, 410, 411 may be provided in its lower part with a rubber flap, which ensures a seal to the air flow channel bottom 52.

Claims (17)

1. Evaporation device (1; 100) for covering a cross-section of flow of an air flow channel (5) through which air containing water in droplet form flows in a direction of air flow (7), said evaporation device (1) comprising at least two porous, open-pored evaporation plates (2) arranged one above the other, which are disposed obliquely with respect to the direction of air flow (7) and are spaced apart from one another such that they overlap in a vertical overlap region (21) without touching, characterised in that horizontally adjacent to said evaporation plates (2) are provided at least two further evaporation plates (2) arranged obliquely with respect to the direction of air flow (7), which also overlap in a vertical overlap region (21) without touching, and overlap the horizontally adjacent evaporation plates (2) each in a horizontal overlap region (22) without touching.
2. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to claim 1, characterised in that in the overlap region (21) of an upper evaporation plate (2; 20) and a lower evaporation plate (2; 20) the upper evaporation plate (2; 20) is arranged in front of the lower evaporation plate (2; 20) in the direction of air flow (7).
3. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that in the horizontal overlap regions (22) with their horizontally adjacent evaporation plates (2; 20) the evaporation plates (2; 20) are either arranged in front of all these horizontally adjacent evaporation plates (2; 20) in the direction of air flow (7) or are arranged behind all these horizontally adjacent evaporation plates (2; 20) in the direction of air flow (7).
4. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the arrangement of the evaporation plates (2; 20) is rotated through 90° or 180° about the direction of air flow (7).
5. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least one of the evaporation plates (2; 20) is constructed to taper downwardly, so that the cross-section of the evaporation plate (2; 20) opposite the air flow decreases downwardly.
6. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that at least one of the evaporation plates (20) has an air baffle element (201) at its top and/or bottom end.
7. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it has vertically arranged support strips (3) into which the evaporation plates (2; 20) are inserted, so that each evaporation plate (2; 20) is supported by two support strips (3).
8. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that it has a planar air baffle element (40, 41, 42; 400; 410; 411; 420) for deflecting the air arriving adjacent to the outermost evaporation plates (2; 20) onto the evaporation plates (2; 20).
9. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it has a collecting channel (8) disposed underneath the lowest evaporation plates (2; 20) and/or between evaporation plates (2; 20).
10. Evaporation device (100) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that between an upper evaporation plate (2) and a lower evaporation plate (2) there is provided a passage through the evaporation device (1) which is covered by at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92; 93) connecting the two evaporation plates (2).
11. Evaporation device (100) according to claim 10, characterised in that the at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92; 93) is impervious to water in droplet form.
12. Evaporation device (100) according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92; 93) is pervious to air, in particular is porous and open-pored.
13. Evaporation device (100) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92; 93) is more pervious to air than the evaporation plates (2).
14. Evaporation device (100) according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the at least one connecting element is airtight.
15. Evaporation device (100) according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the evaporation plates (2) and the at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92; 93) consist of a ceramic material.
16. Evaporation device (100) according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that the at least one connecting element (9, 91, 92) is placed only on the associated evaporation plates (2) or is clamped between them.
17. Evaporation device (1; 100) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that it comprises at least one transfer element (99) which is arranged laterally between an upper evaporation plate (2) and a lower evaporation plate (2) in one of the horizontal overlap regions (22).

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