EP1540189B1 - Restraining device for fan blade root - Google Patents

Restraining device for fan blade root Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1540189B1
EP1540189B1 EP03761637A EP03761637A EP1540189B1 EP 1540189 B1 EP1540189 B1 EP 1540189B1 EP 03761637 A EP03761637 A EP 03761637A EP 03761637 A EP03761637 A EP 03761637A EP 1540189 B1 EP1540189 B1 EP 1540189B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
packing member
zone
metal structure
end zones
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03761637A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1540189A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Bassot
Hervé BUISSON
Christophe Follonier
Eric Inghels
Bruce Pontoizeau
Patrick Reghezza
Anne Thenaisie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA SAS
Publication of EP1540189A1 publication Critical patent/EP1540189A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1540189B1 publication Critical patent/EP1540189B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32—Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F01D5/323—Locking of axial insertion type blades by means of a key or the like parallel to the axis of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/321—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow compressors
    • F04D29/322—Blade mountings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S416/00—Fluid reaction surfaces, i.e. impellers
    • Y10S416/50—Vibration damping features

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for retaining the foot of the fan blades.
  • the wedge comprises between the two elastomeric side edges, on either side of the central metal zone, a metal lower part which rests on the bottom of the cell.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the performance of the impacted blade by ensuring that the shim can absorb a portion of the impact energy beyond the rotation permitted by the shim according to the state of the technique.
  • the wedge thus works according to the principle of a leaf spring in the event of violent impact on the dawn.
  • the lower recess is advantageously connected to the upstream and downstream end zones by lunulae.
  • the lower recess is filled by overmoulding with the semi-rigid elastomeric material.
  • the central zone has a recessed profile relative to the profile of the cell.
  • the wedge 5 shown on the Figures 3, 4 and 5 is in the form of a curvilinear plate of longitudinal axis XX '. It is constituted a metal structure having recessed portions filled by overmoulding with a semi-rigid elastomeric material.
  • the lower recess 21 may optionally be filled by the elastomeric material, but this is not mandatory.
  • the overmolding of the metal structure by the elastomeric material is performed at a slightly higher rib than that of the metal part. This arrangement makes it possible to mount the wedge 5 in compression under the foot 3 of the blade 4 in order to annihilate the residual clearance between the wedge 5 and the blade root in the cell 2 of the disk 1.
  • the figure 6 shows the deformation undergone by the metal intermediate part of the wedge 5 in the event of violent impact of the blade 4.
  • the depth of the recess 21 can be determined in such a way that the wedge 5 functions as a spring, while maintaining its elasticity. It can also be determined so that the wedge 5 plastically deforms and absorbs some of the impact energy.
  • the lower surface of the intermediate portion can be connected to the upstream and downstream end zones 11 by lunulae 16 and 17, as is shown in FIG. figure 7 .

Abstract

The invention concerns a restraining device (5) consisting of a metal structure having recessed parts filled by overmoulding with a semirigid elastomer material in particular on the lower surface lateral edge (13) between two upstream (10) and downstream (11) end zones of entirely metallic structure, on the upper surface lateral edge (14, 15) between a central zone (12) of essentially metallic structure and the end zones (10, 11), and on the two upper portions (18, 19) of the restraining device (5) which extend between the elastomer lateral edges on either side of the metallic central zone. The metallic structure further comprises a lower recess (21) which extends between the two end zones (10, 11) over its entire surface. Hence the metallic structure acts as a spring leaf during the rotation of the blade following a violent impact.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de retenue du pied des aubes de soufflante.The invention relates to a device for retaining the foot of the fan blades.

Elle concerne plus précisément une cale destinée à retenir le pied d'une aube de soufflante dans une alvéole curviligne ménagée à la périphérie d'un disque de rotor, ladite aube comportant deux flancs appelés respectivement intrados et extrados, ladite cale se présentant sous la forme d'une plaque curviligne constituée d'une structure métallique ayant des parties évidées comblées par surmoulage avec un matériau élastomère semi-rigide, notamment sur le bord latéral situé du côté de l'intrados de l'aube entre deux zones extrêmes amont et aval de structure entièrement métallique, sur le bord latéral situé du côté de l'extrados de l'aube entre une zone centrale de structure essentiellement métallique et lesdites zones extrêmes, et sur les deux parties supérieures de ladite cale qui s'étendent entre lesdits deux bords latéraux en élastomère, de part et d'autre de ladite zone centrale métallique.It relates more specifically to a wedge intended to retain the foot of a fan blade in a curvilinear cavity formed on the periphery of a rotor disc, said blade comprising two flanks respectively called intrados and extrados, said wedge being in the form a curvilinear plate consisting of a metal structure having recessed portions filled by overmoulding with a semi-rigid elastomeric material, in particular on the lateral edge situated on the underside side of the blade between two upstream and downstream end zones of all-metal structure, on the lateral edge located on the side of the upper surface of the blade between a central zone of essentially metallic structure and said end zones, and on the two upper parts of said wedge which extend between said two lateral edges elastomer, on both sides of said central metal zone.

Une telle cale est dévoilée par FR 2 746 456 qui représente l'état de la technique le plus proche de l'invention. Ces cales engagées sous les pieds d'aube permettent d'amortir les vibrations des aubes, d'éviter le basculement du pied des aubes lorsque les efforts centrifuges sont faibles, et permettent dans une certaine mesure la rotation du pied d'une aube en cas d'effort extrême, suite à la percussion de cette aube par un corps ingéré par la soufflante par exemple, afin d'éviter la rupture de ladite aube en sa base. A cet effet, la zone centrale métallique comporte un profil usiné en retrait par rapport au profil de l'alvéole.Such a wedge is unveiled by FR 2,746,456 which represents the state of the art closest to the invention. These wedges engaged under the blade roots can dampen the vibrations of the blades, avoid tilting of the blade root when the centrifugal forces are low, and allow to some extent the rotation of the foot of a blade in case extreme force, following the percussion of this blade by a body ingested by the fan, for example, to prevent the breakage of said blade at its base. For this purpose, the metal central zone has a machined profile set back with respect to the profile of the cell.

Dans ce document, la cale comporte entre les deux bords latéraux en élastomère, de part et d'autre de la zone centrale métallique, une partie inférieure métallique qui repose sur le fond de l'alvéole.In this document, the wedge comprises between the two elastomeric side edges, on either side of the central metal zone, a metal lower part which rests on the bottom of the cell.

En cas de choc violent subit par l'aube, la plaque ne peut pivoter que d'un angle très faible par suite de la raideur élevée de la structure métallique.In the event of violent shock experienced by the blade, the plate can rotate only a very small angle due to the high stiffness of the metal structure.

Le but de l'invention est d'améliorer la tenue de l'aube percutée en faisant en sorte que la cale puisse absorber une partie de l'énergie d'impact au-delà de la rotation permise par la cale selon l'état de la technique.The object of the invention is to improve the performance of the impacted blade by ensuring that the shim can absorb a portion of the impact energy beyond the rotation permitted by the shim according to the state of the technique.

Le but est atteint selon l'invention par le fait que la structure métallique comporte en outre un évidement inférieur qui s'étend entre les deux zones extrêmes amont et aval sur toute sa surface.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the metal structure further comprises a lower recess which extends between the two upstream and downstream end zones over its entire surface.

La cale travaille ainsi selon le principe d'un ressort à lame en cas de choc violent sur l'aube.The wedge thus works according to the principle of a leaf spring in the event of violent impact on the dawn.

Afin d'améliorer encore la souplesse de la cale, l'évidement inférieur se raccorde avantageusement aux zones extrêmes amont et aval par des lunules.To further improve the flexibility of the wedge, the lower recess is advantageously connected to the upstream and downstream end zones by lunulae.

De préférence, l'évidement inférieur est comblé par surmoulage avec le matériau élastomère semi-rigide.Preferably, the lower recess is filled by overmoulding with the semi-rigid elastomeric material.

Si nécessaire, la zone centrale comporte un profil en retrait par rapport au profil de l'alvéole.If necessary, the central zone has a recessed profile relative to the profile of the cell.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description suivante faite à titre d'exemple et en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une coupe radiale d'un dispositif de retenue d'un pied d'aube d'une soufflante,
  • la figure 2 est une coupe transversale d'un pied d'aube logé dans une alvéole et maintenu au moyen d'une cale selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une cale de retenue d'un pied d'aube selon l'invention,
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la cale de la figure 3,
  • la figure 5 est une coupe selon la ligne V-V de la figure 4,
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la cale de retenue selon l'invention soumise à un effort de compression suite à la rotation de l'aube, et
  • la figure 7 est une coupe longitudinale d'une variante de la cale de retenue selon l'invention.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a radial section of a device for retaining a blade root of a fan,
  • the figure 2 is a cross section of a blade root housed in a cell and held by means of a wedge according to the invention,
  • the figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wedge for retaining a blade root according to the invention,
  • the figure 4 is a top view of the hold of the figure 3 ,
  • the figure 5 is a section along line VV of the figure 4 ,
  • the figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the holding wedge according to the invention subjected to a compressive force following the rotation of the blade, and
  • the figure 7 is a longitudinal section of a variant of the holding wedge according to the invention.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent un disque 1 de rotor de soufflante qui présente à sa périphérie une pluralité d'alvéoles 2 de forme curviligne dans chacune desquelles est engagé par coulissement le pied 3 d'une aube 4. Le pied 3 présente une section en forme de queue d'aronde. Entre le pied 3 de l'aube 4 et le fond de l'alvéole 2 est engagée une cale 5 élastique qui maintient le pied 3 contre les parois de l'alvéole 2.The Figures 1 and 2 show a fan rotor disk 1 which has at its periphery a plurality of cells 2 of curvilinear shape in each of which is engaged by sliding the foot 3 of a blade 4. The foot 3 has a tail-like section swallow. Between the foot 3 of the blade 4 and the bottom of the cell 2 is engaged an elastic shim 5 which holds the foot 3 against the walls of the cell 2.

La cale 5 représentée sur les figures 3, 4 et 5 se présente sous la forme d'une plaque curviligne d'axe longitudinal XX'. Elle est constituée d'une structure métallique ayant des parties évidées comblées par surmoulage avec un matériau élastomère semi-rigide.The wedge 5 shown on the Figures 3, 4 and 5 is in the form of a curvilinear plate of longitudinal axis XX '. It is constituted a metal structure having recessed portions filled by overmoulding with a semi-rigid elastomeric material.

La cale 5 comporte deux zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 11 de structure entièrement métallique reliées entre elles par une partie intermédiaire métallique de section variable qui présente :

  • sur sa face située du côté de l'intrados de l'aube 4, un évidement 13 comblé par un matériau élastomère formant un bord latéral qui s'étend entre les zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 13,
  • sur sa face située du côté de l'extrados de l'aube 4, deux évidements 14, 15 disposés de part et d'autre d'une zone centrale métallique 12 de structure métallique, et également comblés par le matériau élastomère,
  • sur sa face supérieure de part et d'autre de la zone centrale métallique 12, entre l'évidement 13 et les évidements 14 et 15, deux évidements 18 et 19 comblés par le matériau élastomère, et
  • sur sa face inférieure 20, entre les zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 11, un évidement 21 qui s'étend sur toute cette surface et notamment sous la zone centrale métallique 12.
The shim 5 comprises two upstream end zones 10 and downstream 11 of entirely metallic structure interconnected by a metal intermediate portion of variable section which presents:
  • on its face located on the underside side of the blade 4, a recess 13 filled with an elastomeric material forming a lateral edge which extends between the upstream and downstream end zones 10 and 13,
  • on its face located on the extrados side of the blade 4, two recesses 14, 15 disposed on either side of a metal central zone 12 of metal structure, and also filled by the elastomeric material,
  • on its upper face on either side of the central metal zone 12, between the recess 13 and the recesses 14 and 15, two recesses 18 and 19 filled by the elastomeric material, and
  • on its underside 20, between the upstream and downstream end zones 10, a recess 21 which extends over the entire surface and in particular under the central metal zone 12.

La face inférieure 20 de la partie intermédiaire métallique reliant les zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 11 entièrement métalliques se trouve donc dans un plan sensiblement parallèle au plan contenant les faces inférieures des zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 11. La partie intermédiaire métallique se comporte ainsi comme une lame ressort dans le cas où elle est soumise à des efforts de compression appliqués notamment au-dessus de la zone centrale métallique 12.The lower face 20 of the metal intermediate part connecting the upstream and downstream end zones 11 and 11 being entirely metallic is thus in a plane substantially parallel to the plane containing the lower faces of the upstream and downstream end zones 11. The metallic intermediate part thus behaves as a spring blade in the case where it is subjected to compression forces applied in particular above the central metal zone 12.

L'évidement inférieur 21 peut éventuellement être comblé par le matériau élastomère, mais ceci n'est pas obligatoire.The lower recess 21 may optionally be filled by the elastomeric material, but this is not mandatory.

Le surmoulage de la structure métallique par le matériau élastomère est effectué à une côte légèrement supérieure à celle de la partie métallique. Cette disposition permet de monter la cale 5 en compression sous le pied 3 de l'aube 4 afin d'annihiler le jeu résiduel entre la cale 5 et le pied d'aube dans l'alvéole 2 du disque 1.The overmolding of the metal structure by the elastomeric material is performed at a slightly higher rib than that of the metal part. This arrangement makes it possible to mount the wedge 5 in compression under the foot 3 of the blade 4 in order to annihilate the residual clearance between the wedge 5 and the blade root in the cell 2 of the disk 1.

Lorsque l'évidement inférieur 21 est comblé par du matériau élastomère, la section transversale de la cale 5 est sensiblement homogène d'une extrémité à l'autre de cette cale 5.When the lower recess 21 is filled with elastomer material, the cross section of the wedge 5 is substantially homogeneous from one end to the other of this spacer 5.

Toutefois, la zone centrale métallique 12 peut présenter, si besoin est, un profil usiné 22 en retrait par rapport au profil 23 de l'alvéole 2 pour permettre une rotation du pied 3 de l'aube 4 autour de l'axe BB' en cas de choc violent sur l'intrados de l'aube 4.However, the metal central zone 12 may have, if necessary, a machined profile 22 set back from the profile 23 of the cell 2 to allow rotation of the foot 3 of the blade 4 around the axis BB 'in case of violent shock on the intrados of dawn 4.

Cet axe BB' coupe le plan transversal médian de la cale 5 au point référencé Q sur les figures 2 et 4, décentré par rapport à l'aube 4 du fait que l'alvéole 2 est curviligne. Lorsque l'aube 4 est percutée, c'est l'extrémité P de la zone médiane métallique 12 qui effectue le plus grand trajet lors de la rotation de l'aube 4. Le déplacement du point P est rendu plus facile que dans l'art antérieur, par le fait que la partie intermédiaire métallique de la cale 5 a été amincie et comporte un évidement 21 sur sa face inférieure 20.This axis BB 'intersects the median transverse plane of the shim 5 at the point referenced Q on the figures 2 and 4 , decentered with respect to the blade 4 because the cell 2 is curvilinear. When the blade 4 is struck, it is the end P of the metallic central zone 12 which makes the greatest path during the rotation of the blade 4. The displacement of the point P is made easier than in the prior art, in that the metal intermediate portion of the shim 5 has been thinned and has a recess 21 on its underside 20.

La figure 6 montre la déformation subie par la partie intermédiaire métallique de la cale 5 en cas de choc violent de l'aube 4.The figure 6 shows the deformation undergone by the metal intermediate part of the wedge 5 in the event of violent impact of the blade 4.

La profondeur de l'évidement 21 peut être déterminée de telle manière que la cale 5 fonctionne comme un ressort, tout en conservant son élasticité. On peut également la déterminer pour que la cale 5 se déforme plastiquement et absorbe une partie de l'énergie d'impact.The depth of the recess 21 can be determined in such a way that the wedge 5 functions as a spring, while maintaining its elasticity. It can also be determined so that the wedge 5 plastically deforms and absorbs some of the impact energy.

Pour accroître encore la souplesse de la cale 5, la surface inférieure de la partie intermédiaire peut être raccordée aux zones extrêmes amont 10 et aval 11 par des lunules 16 et 17, ainsi que cela est montré sur la figure 7.To further increase the flexibility of the shim 5, the lower surface of the intermediate portion can be connected to the upstream and downstream end zones 11 by lunulae 16 and 17, as is shown in FIG. figure 7 .

Claims (4)

  1. A packing member (5) for retaining the root of a blade (4) in a fan in a curved socket (2) arranged on the periphery of a rotor disk (1), said blade (4) having a convex flank and a concave flank, said packing member (5) being in the form of a curvilinear plate constituted by a metal structure having hollowed out portions that are filled in by overmolding with a semi-rigid elastomer material, in particular on the lateral edge situated on the concave side of the blade (4) between an upstream end zone (10) and a downstream end zone (11), which end zones are of entirely metal structure, on the lateral edge situated on the convex side of the blade between said end zones and a central zone, that is essentially of metal structure, and on the two top portions of said packing member which extend between said two elastomer lateral edges on either side of said metal central zone, said packing member being characterized by the fact that the metal structure further comprises a bottom recess (21) extending over its entire surface (20) between the upstream end zone (10) and the downstream end zone (11).
  2. A packing member according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the bottom recess (21) is connected to the upstream end zone (10) and downstream end zone (11) by crescent-shaped portions (16, 17).
  3. A packing member according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by the fact that the bottom recess (21) is filled in by being overmolded with the semi-rigid elastomer material.
  4. A packing member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the central zone (12) has a profile (22) that is set back relative to the profile (23) of the socket (2).
EP03761637A 2002-06-27 2003-06-25 Restraining device for fan blade root Expired - Lifetime EP1540189B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0207977A FR2841609B1 (en) 2002-06-27 2002-06-27 BLOWER RETAINER LEVEL RETAINER
FR0207977 2002-06-27
PCT/FR2003/001955 WO2004003390A1 (en) 2002-06-27 2003-06-25 Restraining device for fan blade root

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1540189A1 EP1540189A1 (en) 2005-06-15
EP1540189B1 true EP1540189B1 (en) 2010-06-16

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EP03761637A Expired - Lifetime EP1540189B1 (en) 2002-06-27 2003-06-25 Restraining device for fan blade root

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US (1) US7108484B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1540189B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4188320B2 (en)
AU (1) AU2003263256A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2489787C (en)
DE (1) DE60333021D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2841609B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2309301C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2004003390A1 (en)

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JP2005530955A (en) 2005-10-13
RU2309301C2 (en) 2007-10-27
US7108484B2 (en) 2006-09-19
JP4188320B2 (en) 2008-11-26
WO2004003390A1 (en) 2004-01-08
FR2841609B1 (en) 2004-09-10
EP1540189A1 (en) 2005-06-15
US20050254951A1 (en) 2005-11-17
FR2841609A1 (en) 2004-01-02
RU2005101881A (en) 2005-10-27
CA2489787C (en) 2011-08-09
AU2003263256A1 (en) 2004-01-19
DE60333021D1 (en) 2010-07-29
CA2489787A1 (en) 2004-01-08

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