EP1518299A1 - Electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents - Google Patents

Electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents

Info

Publication number
EP1518299A1
EP1518299A1 EP03748193A EP03748193A EP1518299A1 EP 1518299 A1 EP1518299 A1 EP 1518299A1 EP 03748193 A EP03748193 A EP 03748193A EP 03748193 A EP03748193 A EP 03748193A EP 1518299 A1 EP1518299 A1 EP 1518299A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pin
base
contact
plug
penetrating part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03748193A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1518299B1 (en
Inventor
Gilles Marechal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe dExploitation des Procedes Marechal SEPM SA
Original Assignee
Societe dExploitation des Procedes Marechal SEPM SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe dExploitation des Procedes Marechal SEPM SA filed Critical Societe dExploitation des Procedes Marechal SEPM SA
Publication of EP1518299A1 publication Critical patent/EP1518299A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1518299B1 publication Critical patent/EP1518299B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H01R13/24—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted
    • H01R13/2407—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the resilient means
    • H01R13/2421—Contacts for co-operating by abutting resilient; resiliently-mounted characterized by the resilient means using coil springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/22—Contacts for co-operating by abutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
    • H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
    • H01R11/18—End pieces terminating in a probe

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical connector with end contacts for high currents and in particular, but not exclusively, a single-pole connector.
  • an articulated test finger defined according to a standard is used.
  • the tests consist in not being able to make contact between the standard test finger and the live parts of the device to be tested by trying to introduce the test finger in all possible positions.
  • protection can be obtained by protecting each live contact with a flap or by placing it very far back in an insulating envelope so that the test finger cannot reach it.
  • the conductors and the contact elements in known devices have sections significant current flow, which are incompatible with protection only by the insulating envelope since the diameter of the contact elements becomes close to or greater than the maximum diameter of the test finger.
  • the solution can consist in placing the contacts on a circle by making them inaccessible to the test finger by means of a rotating safety disc. This solution is in particular inapplicable to single-pole connectors which have their contacts in the center.
  • the live contacts are the pins whose ends are protected by an insulator, as for example in the embodiment described in US Pat. No. 3,662,296.
  • the electrical connection between the live spindle and the conjugate socket can be made on a part of the spindle which is not accessible by the test finger.
  • the connector according to the invention is notably remarkable in that the penetrating part of the contact pin of the plug has a substantially constant cross section whose dimensions are at most slightly smaller than the dimensions of the cross section of the passage opening of the insulator of the base while the electric cable to which the pin is connected, has a cross-sectional area much greater than that of the penetrating part of said pin and, for example, at least twice as much.
  • the opening for the passage of the insulation of the base is cylindrical while the diameters of said opening and of the penetrating part of the pin of the plug are less than 12 mm for, for example, a cable with a section greater than 70 mm 2 .
  • the standardized test finger has a maximum diameter of 12 mm, and it is then understood that the connector according to the invention can easily successfully undergo the test of the test finger while allowing the use of high intensities.
  • test finger has a shape reminiscent of a human finger and therefore thins towards its end. In this way, it is necessary to determine the right choice of the useful length of the spindle and its section.
  • a diameter of the spindle of between 5 and 9 mm for a length of 6 to 15 mm, this length being all the greater the greater the said diameter, while the diameter of the insulation passage opening is slightly greater than that of the pin and that the thickness of the insulation to pass through is equal to the length of the penetrating part of said pin reduced by the length necessary for the additional compression desired for the elastic contact.
  • the invention relates to unipolar connectors or not, it is particularly advantageous for constituting a unipolar device, the plug and the base then each comprising only one contact.
  • the invention of course also relates to a plug or a socket taken separately intended to constitute a connector of the aforementioned type.
  • FIG. 1 represents in section and partly a connector according to the invention, at the start of the connection maneuver,
  • the connector shown in the drawings is here a single-pole connector comprising a base 1 and a plug 2 intended to couple together.
  • the base 1 comprises an insulator 3 mounted in a casing 4 and in which a housing 5 is arranged for an elastic contact 6 under pressure.
  • the elastic contact 6 in this example consists of a contact head 7 provided for example with a silver pad, a conductive braid 8 and a spring 9 so that the contact head 7 is movable by compression and expansion of said spring 9 and of the braid 8.
  • the insulator 3 is provided with a cylindrical passage opening 10 open towards the outside.
  • the base 1 which has just been described is intended to be coupled with the plug 2 of the connector, which plug is provided with a cylindrical contact pin 11 intended to constitute an end contact with the movable elastic contact 6 on the head 7 which the pin comes to bear as shown in the drawings, the pin 11 being here also provided like the head 7 with a silver chip at its end. Indeed, during the coupling of the plug 2 in the base 1, the pin
  • the plug 11 of the plug is introduced into the insulator 3 through its passage opening 10 until it comes to contact the contact head 7 of the contact 6 which it causes, for example, to move back by 4 to 5 mm, that is to say say the length that has been determined for the desired additional compression of the movable elastic contact, the latter being already prestressed in its housing.
  • Figure 1 shows the plug 2 in the base 1 at the start of connection while in Figure 2, the plug 2 is fully coupled, the connection being ensured.
  • connection ring 12 an inner skirt 13 which cooperates with an annular seal 14.
  • the base is here conventionally active, the movable elastic contact 6 being under electric voltage.
  • the contact pin 11 of the plug which is intended to take the current is provided with a crimping head 15 (in one or more pieces) in which is crimped an electric cable 16, which is, for example, connected to a device electric to supply.
  • the passage opening 10 has a sufficiently small diameter over a certain corresponding length. the thickness of the insulation there.
  • the spindle 11 where at least the penetrating part thereof, must also have a diameter at most slightly less than that of the passage opening 10.
  • the diameter of the pin 11, or at least its penetrating part has been greatly reduced compared to the diameter of the cable 16 which ensures the passage of a high current for a voltage greater than 50 volts.
  • a cable 16 can be seen, the diameter of which is several times that of pin 11, a substantially identical cable also being shown in the drawings for the contact 6 of the base 1.
  • the cable can thus have a cross section much greater than that of the pin, and, for example, approximately twice the cross section thereof for a current of 250 A.
  • the maximum diameter of the insulating passage opening and its minimum thickness which corresponds to said penetration depth are thus known for a desired penetration depth.
  • the maximum diameter of the spindle corresponds to the maximum diameter of the opening for passage of the insulation reduced by the clearance necessary for its introduction while its minimum length is equal to the minimum thickness of the insulation increased the additional crush length of the movable elastic contact.
  • the inventor was able to determine pairs of values: (diameter of the insulation passage opening, thickness of the insulation) to which the pairs of values correspond: (diameter of the spindle, length of the spindle).
  • the pairs of values correspond: (diameter of the spindle, length of the spindle).
  • a diameter of the spindle of between 5 and 9 mm for a length of 6 to 15 mm, the length being all the greater the larger the diameter and more particularly still, in order to reduce heating as much as possible and therefore the length / surface ratio, the inventor proposes the following pair of advantageous values: a diameter of 6.7 mm for a length of 8 mm.

Abstract

The invention concerns a electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents consisting of an active base (1) and a plug (2) provided with at least one contact pin (11) which is connected to an electric cable (16) and designed to co-operate with an elastic contact (6) of the base (1), said elastic contact (6) being housed in an insulation (3) of said base, while said insulation is provided with a passage opening (10) for inserting the contact pin (11). Said connector is characterized in that at least the penetrating part of the contact pin (11) of the plug has a substantially constant cross-section whereof the dimensions are at most slightly smaller than the dimensions of the cross-section of the passage opening (10) of the insulation (3) of the base (1) while the electric cable (16) whereto the pin (11) is connected, has a surface with cross-section much larger than that of the penetrating part of said pin.

Description

Connecteur électrique à contacts en bout pour courants de fortes intensités. Electrical connector with end contacts for high intensity currents.
L'invention concerne un connecteur électrique à contacts en bout pour courants de fortes intensités et en particulier, mais non exclusivement, un connecteur unipolaire.The invention relates to an electrical connector with end contacts for high currents and in particular, but not exclusively, a single-pole connector.
Il est connu que pour répondre aux normes en vigueur en vue d'assurer la sécurité des personnes et des biens, les appareils électriques doivent offrir un degré de protection minimum contre l'accès des pièces sous tension.It is known that to meet the standards in force in order to ensure the safety of people and property, electrical devices must offer a minimum degree of protection against access to live parts.
Pour vérifier qu'une telle protection est respectée, on utilise un doigt d'épreuve articulé défini selon une norme.To verify that such protection is respected, an articulated test finger defined according to a standard is used.
Les essais consistent à ne pas pouvoir réaliser un contact entre le doigt d'épreuve normalisé et les parties sous tension de l'appareil à tester en tentant d'introduire le doigt d'épreuve dans toutes les positions possibles.The tests consist in not being able to make contact between the standard test finger and the live parts of the device to be tested by trying to introduce the test finger in all possible positions.
Dans le domaine des connecteurs, une protection peut être obtenue en protégeant chaque contact sous tension par un volet ou en le plaçant très en retrait dans une enveloppe isolante afin que le doigt d'épreuve ne puisse pas l'atteindre.In the field of connectors, protection can be obtained by protecting each live contact with a flap or by placing it very far back in an insulating envelope so that the test finger cannot reach it.
Toutefois, dans le cas des courants forts, c'est-à-dire de forte intensité (par exemple supérieure à 200 A) et utilisant des tensions supérieures à 50 volts, les conducteurs et les éléments de contact dans les appareils connus présentent des sections importantes de passage du courant, qui sont incompatibles avec une protection seulement par l'enveloppe isolante puisque le diamètre des éléments de contact devient proche ou supérieur au diamètre maximum du doigt d'épreuve.However, in the case of strong currents, that is to say of high intensity (for example greater than 200 A) and using voltages greater than 50 volts, the conductors and the contact elements in known devices have sections significant current flow, which are incompatible with protection only by the insulating envelope since the diameter of the contact elements becomes close to or greater than the maximum diameter of the test finger.
Pour les connecteurs multipolaires, la solution peut consister à disposer les contacts sur un cercle en les rendant inaccessibles au doigt d'épreuve au moyen d'un disque de sécurité rotatif. Cette solution est notamment inapplicable aux connecteurs unipolaires qui comportent leurs contacts au centre.For multipolar connectors, the solution can consist in placing the contacts on a circle by making them inaccessible to the test finger by means of a rotating safety disc. This solution is in particular inapplicable to single-pole connectors which have their contacts in the center.
C'est pourquoi jusqu'à présent pour de tels courants et plus particulièrement pour les connecteurs unipolaires, une solution à broche et alvéole cylindriques particulière a été imaginée. Dans cette solution, contrairement aux prises de courant industrielles, les contacts sous tension sont les broches dont les extrémités sont protégées par un isolant, comme par exemple dans le mode de réalisation décrit dans le brevet US 3,662,296. De la sorte, la connexion électrique entre la broche sous tension et l'alvéole conjuguée peut s'effectuer sur une partie de la broche non accessible par le doigt d'épreuve.This is why until now for such currents and more particularly for single-pole connectors, a particular solution with pin and cylindrical cell has been devised. In this solution, unlike industrial sockets, the live contacts are the pins whose ends are protected by an insulator, as for example in the embodiment described in US Pat. No. 3,662,296. In this way, the electrical connection between the live spindle and the conjugate socket can be made on a part of the spindle which is not accessible by the test finger.
Il est clair qu'une telle solution est inadaptée aux contacts en bout pour lesquels par définition la connexion électrique s'effectue entre l'extrémité d'une broche de contact et un contact élastique mobile sous pression, de telle sorte que l'extrémité de la broche ne peut évidemment pas être isolée.It is clear that such a solution is unsuitable for end contacts for which by definition the electrical connection is made between the end of a contact pin and a movable elastic contact under pressure, so that the end of the spindle obviously cannot be isolated.
C'est pourquoi pour les courants de fortes intensités qui utilisent des sections de conducteurs importantes, il était apparu impossible jusqu'à présent d'imaginer des contacts en bout du fait que les broches auraient des dimensions supérieures au doigt d'épreuve.This is why, for high intensity currents which use large sections of conductors, it has hitherto appeared impossible to imagine end contacts since the pins would have dimensions larger than the test finger.
On a toujours cherché en effet à conserver une section maximale de passage du courant en vue en particulier de diminuer échauffement dû à l'effet Joule.We have always sought in fact to keep a maximum cross-section of current flow with a view in particular to reducing heating due to the Joule effect.
Il est bien connu en effet que échauffement d'un conducteur dû au passage d'un courant est proportionnel à sa résistance électrique qui est elle-même inversement proportionnelle à sa section selon la formule R = pl/s (où « p » est une constante, « I » la longueur du conducteur et « s » sa section) et c'est pourquoi on a toujours cherché à concevoir chaque broche de contact avec une section sensiblement égale à celle du câble électrique auquel elle est reliée. Dans le cas d'un connecteur, l'inventeur a vaincu ce préjugé et propose un connecteur électrique à contact en bout pour courants de fortes intensités, formé d'un socle actif et d'une fiche munie d'au moins une broche de contact qui est reliée à un câble électrique et qui est destinée à coopérer avec un contact élastique du socle, ledit contact élastique étant logé dans un isolant dudit socle, tandis que ledit isolant est pourvu d'une ouverture de passage pour l'introduction de la broche de contact. Le connecteur selon l'invention est notamment remarquable en ce que la partie pénétrante de la broche de contact de la fiche présente une section droite sensiblement constante dont les dimensions sont au plus légèrement inférieures aux dimensions de la section droite de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant du socle tandis que le câble électrique auquel la broche est reliée, présente une surface de section droite très supérieure à celle de la partie pénétrante de ladite broche et, par exemple, au moins deux fois supérieure.It is well known in fact that heating of a conductor due to the passage of a current is proportional to its electrical resistance which is itself inversely proportional to its section according to the formula R = pl / s (where “p” is a constant, "I" the length of the conductor and "s" its section) and that is why we have always sought to design each contact pin with a section substantially equal to that of the electric cable to which it is connected. In the case of a connector, the inventor has overcome this prejudice and proposes an electrical connector with end contact for high intensity currents, formed of an active base and a plug provided with at least one contact pin. which is connected to an electric cable and which is intended to cooperate with an elastic contact of the base, said elastic contact being housed in an insulator of said base, while said insulator is provided with a passage opening for the introduction of the pin of contact. The connector according to the invention is notably remarkable in that the penetrating part of the contact pin of the plug has a substantially constant cross section whose dimensions are at most slightly smaller than the dimensions of the cross section of the passage opening of the insulator of the base while the electric cable to which the pin is connected, has a cross-sectional area much greater than that of the penetrating part of said pin and, for example, at least twice as much.
En effet, si échauffement d'un conducteur est inversement proportionnel à sa section, il est par contre directement proportionnel à sa longueur. Cependant, pour une petite longueur de broche, échauffement supplémentaire dû à cette section réduite est relativement négligeable et se disperse aisément dans le câble.In fact, if the temperature rise of a conductor is inversely proportional to its section, it is however directly proportional to its length. However, for a small spindle length, additional heating due to this reduced section is relatively negligible and easily dispersed in the cable.
Les notions de base dans le domaine de l'électricité ne pouvaient que détourner l'inventeur de la solution, lequel a su comprendre les limites qu'impose une formule élémentaire d'électricité dans le cadre particulier d'un connecteur électrique en constatant qu'une diminution de section sur une longueur très faible avait peu d'incidence sur la résistance et donc réchauffement dans le connecteur.The basic concepts in the field of electricity could only divert the inventor from the solution, who knew how to understand the limits imposed by an elementary formula of electricity in the particular context of an electrical connector by noting that a reduction in cross-section over a very short length had little effect on the resistance and therefore heating in the connector.
De préférence, pour un connecteur muni d'une broche cylindrique, l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant du socle est cylindrique tandis que les diamètres de ladite ouverture et de la partie pénétrante de la broche de la fiche sont inférieurs à 12mm pour, par exemple, un câble de section supérieure à 70 mm2.Preferably, for a connector provided with a cylindrical pin, the opening for the passage of the insulation of the base is cylindrical while the diameters of said opening and of the penetrating part of the pin of the plug are less than 12 mm for, for example, a cable with a section greater than 70 mm 2 .
En effet, le doigt d'épreuve normalisé présente un diamètre maximal de 12 mm, et on comprend alors que le connecteur selon l'invention peut aisément subir avec succès l'essai du doigt d'épreuve tout en permettant l'utilisation de courants de fortes intensités.Indeed, the standardized test finger has a maximum diameter of 12 mm, and it is then understood that the connector according to the invention can easily successfully undergo the test of the test finger while allowing the use of high intensities.
Toutefois, le doigt d'épreuve présente une forme qui rappelle celle d'un doigt humain et qui s'amincit donc vers son extrémité. De la sorte, il faut déterminer le bon choix de la longueur utile de la broche et de sa section.However, the test finger has a shape reminiscent of a human finger and therefore thins towards its end. In this way, it is necessary to determine the right choice of the useful length of the spindle and its section.
On sait qu'une section plus importante de la broche est favorable à un abaissement de échauffement mais a contrario, une plus grande section nécessite un plus grand diamètre de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant et donc une plus grande profondeur de pénétration du doigt d'épreuve, d'où une épaisseur plus importante de l'isolant et en fin de compte une plus grande longueur de la broche, ce qui augmente réchauffement. L'inventeur a ainsi découvert que pour offrir une moindre résistance et diminuer échauffement, il ne fallait pas nécessairement une section la plus grande possible pour la broche qui serait voisine des 12 mm du diamètre maximal du doigt d'épreuve.It is known that a larger section of the spindle is favorable for a lowering of heating but on the contrary, a larger section requires a larger diameter of the opening for passage of the insulation and therefore a greater penetration depth of the test finger, hence a greater thickness of the insulation and ultimately a greater length of the pin, which increases heating. The inventor thus discovered that in order to offer less resistance and reduce heating, it was not necessary to have the largest possible cross-section for the spindle which would be close to 12 mm of the maximum diameter of the test finger.
C'est pourquoi on peut par exemple préconiser selon l'invention un diamètre de la broche compris entre 5 et 9 mm pour une longueur de 6 à 15 mm, cette longueur étant d'autant plus grande que ledit diamètre est plus grand, tandis que le diamètre de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant est légèrement supérieur à celui de la broche et que l'épaisseur de l'isolant à traverser est égale à la longueur de la partie pénétrante de ladite broche diminuée de la longueur nécessaire pour la compression supplémentaire souhaitée pour le contact élastique.This is why, for example, it is possible to recommend according to the invention a diameter of the spindle of between 5 and 9 mm for a length of 6 to 15 mm, this length being all the greater the greater the said diameter, while the diameter of the insulation passage opening is slightly greater than that of the pin and that the thickness of the insulation to pass through is equal to the length of the penetrating part of said pin reduced by the length necessary for the additional compression desired for the elastic contact.
Il a notamment été trouvé des valeurs avantageuses et en particulier un diamètre de la broche compris entre 6,5 mm et 6,9 mm pour une longueur de sa partie pénétrante comprise entre 7,8 mm et 8,2 mm, le diamètre de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant et son épaisseur étant adaptés comme précisé ci-avant.Advantageous values have in particular been found, and in particular a diameter of the spindle of between 6.5 mm and 6.9 mm for a length of its penetrating part of between 7.8 mm and 8.2 mm, the diameter of the opening of the insulation and its thickness being adapted as specified above.
Bien que l'invention concerne des connecteurs unipolaires ou non, elle est particulièrement intéressante pour constituer un dispositif unipolaire, la fiche et le socle ne comportant alors chacun qu'un seul contact. L'invention concerne bien sûr en outre une fiche ou un socle pris séparément destinés à constituer un connecteur du type précité.Although the invention relates to unipolar connectors or not, it is particularly advantageous for constituting a unipolar device, the plug and the base then each comprising only one contact. The invention of course also relates to a plug or a socket taken separately intended to constitute a connector of the aforementioned type.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre et qui se réfère aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :The invention will be clearly understood on reading the description which follows and which refers to the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente en coupe et en partie un connecteur selon l'invention, en début de manœuvre de connexion,FIG. 1 represents in section and partly a connector according to the invention, at the start of the connection maneuver,
- la figure 2 correspond à la figure 1 en position de connexion.- Figure 2 corresponds to Figure 1 in the connection position.
Le connecteur représenté sur les dessins est ici un connecteur unipolaire comportant un socle 1 et une fiche 2 destinés à s'accoupler entre eux.The connector shown in the drawings is here a single-pole connector comprising a base 1 and a plug 2 intended to couple together.
Le socle 1 comporte un isolant 3 monté dans un carter 4 et dans lequel est aménagé un logement 5 pour un contact élastique 6 à pression.The base 1 comprises an insulator 3 mounted in a casing 4 and in which a housing 5 is arranged for an elastic contact 6 under pressure.
Comme le montrent les dessins, le contact élastique 6 est dans cet exemple constitué d'une tête de contact 7 munie par exemple d'une pastille d'argent, d'une tresse conductrice 8 et d'un ressort 9 de telle sorte que la tête de contact 7 est mobile par compression et expansion dudit ressort 9 et de la tresse 8.As shown in the drawings, the elastic contact 6 in this example consists of a contact head 7 provided for example with a silver pad, a conductive braid 8 and a spring 9 so that the contact head 7 is movable by compression and expansion of said spring 9 and of the braid 8.
L'isolant 3 est pourvu d'une ouverture de passage cylindrique 10 ouvert vers l'extérieur. Le socle 1 qui vient d'être décrit est destiné à être accouplé avec la fiche 2 du connecteur, laquelle fiche est pourvue d'une broche cylindrique de contact 11 prévue pour constituer un contact en bout avec le contact élastique mobile 6 sur la tête 7 duquel la broche vient prendre appui comme le montrent les dessins, la broche 11 étant ici également pourvue comme la tête 7 d'une pastille d'argent à son extrémité. En effet, au cours de l'accouplement de la fiche 2 dans le socle 1 , la brocheThe insulator 3 is provided with a cylindrical passage opening 10 open towards the outside. The base 1 which has just been described is intended to be coupled with the plug 2 of the connector, which plug is provided with a cylindrical contact pin 11 intended to constitute an end contact with the movable elastic contact 6 on the head 7 which the pin comes to bear as shown in the drawings, the pin 11 being here also provided like the head 7 with a silver chip at its end. Indeed, during the coupling of the plug 2 in the base 1, the pin
11 de la fiche s'introduit dans l'isolant 3 par son ouverture de passage 10 jusqu'à venir solliciter la tête de contact 7 du contact 6 qu'il fait reculer par exemple de 4 à 5 mm, c'est-à-dire de la longueur que l'on a déterminée pour la compression supplémentaire voulue du contact élastique mobile, celui-ci étant déjà précontraint dans son logement.11 of the plug is introduced into the insulator 3 through its passage opening 10 until it comes to contact the contact head 7 of the contact 6 which it causes, for example, to move back by 4 to 5 mm, that is to say say the length that has been determined for the desired additional compression of the movable elastic contact, the latter being already prestressed in its housing.
La figure 1 montre la fiche 2 dans le socle 1 en début de connexion tandis que sur la figure 2, la fiche 2 est complètement accouplée, la connexion étant assurée.Figure 1 shows the plug 2 in the base 1 at the start of connection while in Figure 2, the plug 2 is fully coupled, the connection being ensured.
A cet effet, divers autres moyens de guidage et de verrouillage sont évidemment prévus, comme une bague de connexion 12, une jupe intérieure 13 qui coopère avec un joint annulaire d'étanchéité 14.To this end, various other guiding and locking means are obviously provided, such as a connection ring 12, an inner skirt 13 which cooperates with an annular seal 14.
Le socle est ici classiquement actif, le contact élastique mobile 6 étant sous tension électrique.The base is here conventionally active, the movable elastic contact 6 being under electric voltage.
La broche de contact 11 de la fiche qui est destinée à prendre le courant est pourvue d'une tête de sertissage 15 (en une ou plusieurs pièces) dans laquelle est serti un câble électrique 16, lequel est, par exemple, relié à un appareil électrique à alimenter.The contact pin 11 of the plug which is intended to take the current is provided with a crimping head 15 (in one or more pieces) in which is crimped an electric cable 16, which is, for example, connected to a device electric to supply.
On comprend que le contact 6 du socle, même sous tension, n'est pas facilement accessible du fait qu'il est entièrement logé dans l'isolant 3.It will be understood that the contact 6 of the base, even under voltage, is not easily accessible because it is entirely housed in the insulator 3.
Pour atteindre ce contact, il faut passer par l'ouverture de passage 10 et afin de satisfaire le test du doigt d'épreuve comme expliqué ci-avant, il suffit que ladtie ouverture de passage 10 possède un diamètre suffisamment petit sur une certaine longueur correspondant à l'épaisseur de l'isolant à cet endroit.To reach this contact, it is necessary to pass through the passage opening 10 and in order to satisfy the test of the test finger as explained above, it suffices that the passage opening 10 has a sufficiently small diameter over a certain corresponding length. the thickness of the insulation there.
De ce fait, on comprend que la broche 11 , où du moins la partie pénétrante de celle-ci, doit également posséder un diamètre au plus légèrement inférieur à celui de l'ouverture de passage 10.Therefore, it is understood that the spindle 11, where at least the penetrating part thereof, must also have a diameter at most slightly less than that of the passage opening 10.
Comme le montrent les dessins, le diamètre de la broche 11 , ou d'au moins sa partie pénétrante, a été fortement réduit par rapport au diamètre du câble 16 qui permet d'assurer le passage d'un courant de forte intensité pour un voltage supérieur à 50 volts. Sur les dessins, on peut voir un câble 16 dont le diamètre est égal à plusieurs fois celui de la broche 11 , un câble sensiblement identique étant en outre représenté sur les dessins pour le contact 6 du socle 1. En fait, le câble peut ainsi présenter une section très supérieure à celle de la broche, et, par exemple, environ deux fois la section de celle-ci pour un courant de 250 A.As shown in the drawings, the diameter of the pin 11, or at least its penetrating part, has been greatly reduced compared to the diameter of the cable 16 which ensures the passage of a high current for a voltage greater than 50 volts. In the drawings, a cable 16 can be seen, the diameter of which is several times that of pin 11, a substantially identical cable also being shown in the drawings for the contact 6 of the base 1. In fact, the cable can thus have a cross section much greater than that of the pin, and, for example, approximately twice the cross section thereof for a current of 250 A.
En considérant un diamètre maximal de 12 mm pour le doigt d'épreuve, il n'y a pas nécessairement avantage à se rapprocher de ce diamètre pour la broche 11.Considering a maximum diameter of 12 mm for the test finger, there is not necessarily an advantage in approaching this diameter for pin 11.
En fait, à partir du doigt d'épreuve, une profondeur de pénétration donnée dans l'isolant détermine le diamètre de l'ouverture de passage de celui-ci.In fact, from the test finger, a given depth of penetration into the insulation determines the diameter of the passage opening thereof.
On connaît ainsi pour une profondeur de pénétration voulue le diamètre maximal de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant et son épaisseur minimale qui correspond à ladite profondeur de pénétration.The maximum diameter of the insulating passage opening and its minimum thickness which corresponds to said penetration depth are thus known for a desired penetration depth.
Il est alors facile d'en déduire le diamètre maximal et la longueur minimale de la broche. Il est en effet clair que le diamètre maximal de la broche correspond au diamètre maximal de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant diminué du jeu nécessaire pour son introduction tandis que sa longueur minimale est égale à l'épaisseur minimale de l'isolant augmentée de la longueur d'écrasement supplémentaire du contact élastique mobile.It is then easy to deduce the maximum diameter and the minimum length of the spindle. It is indeed clear that the maximum diameter of the spindle corresponds to the maximum diameter of the opening for passage of the insulation reduced by the clearance necessary for its introduction while its minimum length is equal to the minimum thickness of the insulation increased the additional crush length of the movable elastic contact.
Ainsi l'inventeur a pu déterminer des couples de valeurs : (diamètre de l'ouverture de passage de l'isolant, épaisseur de l'isolant) auxquels correspondent les couples de valeurs : (diamètre de la broche, longueur de la broche). Selon les besoins, on peut privilégier la plus faible épaisseur de l'isolant, par exemple pour des raisons d'encombrement et/ou de coût, ou la moindre résistance de la broche en vue d'un accroissement minimal de échauffement, etc.Thus, the inventor was able to determine pairs of values: (diameter of the insulation passage opening, thickness of the insulation) to which the pairs of values correspond: (diameter of the spindle, length of the spindle). Depending on requirements, we can favor the smallest thickness of the insulation, for example for reasons of space and / or cost, or the least resistance of the spindle for a minimum increase in heating, etc.
On peut ainsi préconiser un diamètre de la broche compris entre 5 et 9 mm pour une longueur de 6 à 15 mm, la longueur étant d'autant plus grande que le diamètre est plus grand et plus particulièrement encore, pour réduire au mieux échauffement et donc le rapport longueur/surface, l'inventeur propose le couple de valeurs avantageux suivant : un diamètre de 6,7 mm pour une longueur de 8 mm.It is thus possible to recommend a diameter of the spindle of between 5 and 9 mm for a length of 6 to 15 mm, the length being all the greater the larger the diameter and more particularly still, in order to reduce heating as much as possible and therefore the length / surface ratio, the inventor proposes the following pair of advantageous values: a diameter of 6.7 mm for a length of 8 mm.
Les valeurs précitées, comme les dessins, montrent que la broche devient ainsi une sorte de téton de contact. Comme déjà dit, l'inventeur a vaincu le préjugé pour ce cas d'espèce quLétait de vouloir conserver une section des conducteurs et des broches sensiblement constante pour le passage du courant et de même il a su réaliser qu'il fallait tenir compte des couples de valeurs longueur-section et ne pas s'arrêter à la seule section pour optimiser le type de connecteur. De plus, du fait de la réduction du diamètre de la partie pénétrante de la broche 11 et de la même manière de la tête 7 du contact 6, on réduit les surfaces de contact munies d'une pastille d'argent et ainsi le coût de fabrication.The above values, like the drawings, show that the pin thus becomes a kind of contact pin. As already said, the inventor has overcome the prejudice for this case which was to want to keep a section of conductors and pins substantially constant for the flow of current and similarly he was able to realize that he had to take into account the couples length-section values and do not stop at the single section to optimize the connector type. In addition, due to the reduction in the diameter of the penetrating part of the pin 11 and in the same way of the head 7 of the contact 6, the contact surfaces provided with a silver pad are reduced and thus the cost of manufacturing.
Enfin, si le mode de réalisation représenté et qui est donné à titre d'exemple, concerne un connecteur unipolaire, il est clair qu'il pourrait s'agir d'un connecteur muni de plusieurs contacts, ou encore d'un ensemble formé d'une pluralité de connecteurs unipolaires. Finally, if the embodiment shown and which is given by way of example, relates to a single-pole connector, it is clear that it could be a connector provided with several contacts, or even an assembly formed by '' a plurality of single-pole connectors.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1) Connecteur électrique à contacts en bout pour courants de fortes intensités, formé d'un socle actif (1 ) et d'une fiche (2) munie d'au moins une broche (11 ) de contact qui est reliée à un câble électrique (16) et qui est destinée à coopérer avec un contact élastique (6) du socle (1), ledit contact élastique (6) étant logé dans un isolant (3) dudit socle, tandis que ledit isolant est pourvu d'une ouverture de passage (10) pour l'introduction de la broche (11 ) de contact, connecteur caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la partie pénétrante de la broche (11) de contact de la fiche présente une section droite sensiblement constante dont les dimensions sont au plus légèrement inférieures aux dimensions de la section droite de l'ouverture de passage1) Electrical connector with end contacts for high currents, formed by an active base (1) and a plug (2) provided with at least one contact pin (11) which is connected to an electrical cable (16) and which is intended to cooperate with an elastic contact (6) of the base (1), said elastic contact (6) being housed in an insulator (3) of said base, while said insulator is provided with an opening of passage (10) for the introduction of the contact pin (11), connector characterized in that at least the penetrating part of the contact pin (11) has a substantially constant cross section whose dimensions are at more slightly smaller than the dimensions of the cross section of the passage opening
(10) de l'isolant (3) du socle (1) tandis que le câble électrique (16) auquel la broche(10) of the insulation (3) of the base (1) while the electric cable (16) to which the pin
(11) est reliée, présente une surface de section droite très supérieure à celle de la partie pénétrante de ladite broche. 2) Connecteur selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que le câble électrique (16) auquel la broche (11) est reliée, présente une surface de section droite au moins égale à deux fois celle de la partie pénétrante de ladite broche.(11) is connected, has a cross-sectional area much greater than that of the penetrating part of said pin. 2) A connector according to claim 1 characterized in that the electric cable (16) to which the pin (11) is connected, has a cross-sectional area at least twice that of the penetrating part of said pin.
3) Connecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2 muni d'une broche cylindrique, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de passage (10) de l'isolant (3) du socle (1) est cylindrique tandis que les diamètres de ladite ouverture (10) et de la partie pénétrante de la broche (11 ) de la fiche sont inférieurs à 12 mm.3) Connector according to one of claims 1 and 2 provided with a cylindrical pin, characterized in that the passage opening (10) of the insulator (3) of the base (1) is cylindrical while the diameters of said opening (10) and the penetrating part of the pin (11) of the plug are less than 12 mm.
4) Connecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le câble (16) présente une section supérieure à 70 mm2.4) Connector according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cable (16) has a section greater than 70 mm 2 .
5) Connecteur selon l'une des revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie pénétrante de la broche (11) présente un diamètre compris entre 5 et 9 mm et une longueur comprise entre 6 et 15 mm, cette longueur étant d'autant plus grande que ledit diamètre est grand, tandis que le diamètre de l'ouverture de passage (10) de l'isolant est légèrement supérieur à celui de la broche et que l'épaisseur de l'isolant à traverser est égale à la longueur de la partie pénétrante de ladite broche (11 ) diminuée de la longueur nécessaire pour la compression supplémentaire souhaitée pour le contact élastique (6).5) Connector according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the penetrating part of the pin (11) has a diameter between 5 and 9 mm and a length between 6 and 15 mm, this length being as large as said diameter is large, while the diameter of the passage opening (10) of the insulation is slightly greater than that of the pin and that the thickness of the insulation to be crossed is equal to the length of the penetrating part of said pin (11) reduced by the length necessary for the additional compression desired for the elastic contact (6).
6) Connecteur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre de la broche est compris entre 6,5 et 6,9 mm et la longueur de sa partie pénétrante est comprise entre 7,8 et 8,2 mm 7) Connecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la fiche (2) et le socle (1) ne comportent chacun qu'un seul contact (11,6) afin de constituer un connecteur unipolaire.6) Connector according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter of the pin is between 6.5 and 6.9 mm and the length of its penetrating part is between 7.8 and 8.2 mm 7) Connector according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the plug (2) and the base (1) each have only one contact (11,6) to form a single-pole connector.
8) Fiche (2) destinée à constituer la fiche d'un connecteur électrique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.8) Plug (2) intended to constitute the plug of an electrical connector according to one of claims 1 to 7.
9) Socle (1) destiné à constituer le socle d'un connecteur électrique selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7. 9) Base (1) intended to constitute the base of an electrical connector according to one of claims 1 to 7.
EP03748193A 2002-07-02 2003-07-01 Electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents Expired - Fee Related EP1518299B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0208225 2002-07-02
FR0208225A FR2842030B1 (en) 2002-07-02 2002-07-02 ELECTRIC CONTACT CONNECTOR FOR HIGH INTENSITY CURRENTS
PCT/FR2003/002031 WO2004006392A1 (en) 2002-07-02 2003-07-01 Electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1518299A1 true EP1518299A1 (en) 2005-03-30
EP1518299B1 EP1518299B1 (en) 2008-07-30

Family

ID=29725058

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03748193A Expired - Fee Related EP1518299B1 (en) 2002-07-02 2003-07-01 Electrical connector with end contacts for high-intensity currents

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1518299B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003267502A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60322536D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2307966T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2842030B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004006392A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012038617A1 (en) 2010-09-22 2012-03-29 Societe D'exploitation Des Procedes Marechal Single-pole electrical connector having butt contacts

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1398945A (en) * 1964-04-03 1965-05-14 Sev Marchal Method of manufacturing a tip on a metal braid
GB2166913A (en) * 1984-11-13 1986-05-14 Tektronix Inc Impedance matched test probe
US4884864A (en) * 1987-03-24 1989-12-05 Raychem Corp. Pin and socket fiber optic connector
FR2709025B1 (en) * 1993-08-10 1995-10-20 Legrand Sa Elastic electrical contact.
FR2810804B1 (en) * 2000-06-22 2002-12-27 Marechal Sepm ELASTIC ELECTRICAL CONTACT WITH AXIAL PRESSURE AND WATERPROOF CONNECTION

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2004006392A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012038617A1 (en) 2010-09-22 2012-03-29 Societe D'exploitation Des Procedes Marechal Single-pole electrical connector having butt contacts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003267502A1 (en) 2004-01-23
FR2842030A1 (en) 2004-01-09
FR2842030B1 (en) 2008-04-18
WO2004006392A1 (en) 2004-01-15
EP1518299B1 (en) 2008-07-30
DE60322536D1 (en) 2008-09-11
ES2307966T3 (en) 2008-12-01

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