EP1498657A1 - Heizkessel mit granuliertem Brennstoff - Google Patents

Heizkessel mit granuliertem Brennstoff Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1498657A1
EP1498657A1 EP04356129A EP04356129A EP1498657A1 EP 1498657 A1 EP1498657 A1 EP 1498657A1 EP 04356129 A EP04356129 A EP 04356129A EP 04356129 A EP04356129 A EP 04356129A EP 1498657 A1 EP1498657 A1 EP 1498657A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fumes
gases
fuel
chamber
boiler according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04356129A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Franck Perge
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Perge
Original Assignee
Perge
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Perge filed Critical Perge
Publication of EP1498657A1 publication Critical patent/EP1498657A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/38—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel on a grate or other fuel support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
    • F23G5/245—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber with perforated bottom or grate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H15/00—Cleaning arrangements for grates; Moving fuel along grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
    • F24H1/285—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged alongside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to boilers intended to ensure the rise in temperature of a coolant that can be used for various purposes and more usually in a space heating system.
  • the object of the invention is more specifically to provide a boiler capable of operate from a fuel of the type with individualized elements, such as particulates or granules, of single or combined combustible materials, such as example, plants, cardboard, wood, etc.
  • a preferred application of the invention relates to the production of a boiler working from wood particles.
  • a wood-type heating boiler comprises a combustion chamber provided with a passage opening for a fuel based Of wood.
  • a combustion chamber is equipped with a burner to ignite the fuel inside the combustion chamber.
  • Such a boiler also comprises means for supplying a primary oxidant such as air to allow combustion and to obtain gases and fumes. These gases and fumes are channeled to be taken to a room for recovering gases and fumes that are led to a heat exchanger between a circulation circuit of a heat transfer fluid and a circulation circuit of gases and fumes.
  • a primary oxidant such as air
  • Another object of the invention is to provide treatment by calcination, incineration or combustion of waste in the general sense.
  • the object of the invention is thus an application for example in the field of waste incineration of plant nature or industrial nature banal such as for example pallets or cartons, and finds a particularly advantageous application for the treatment of animal droppings and in particular poultry droppings.
  • the heating boiler comprises means feed supply ensuring the supply of waste on the recovery grid.
  • the supply means are powered by means fuel supply and means of supplying waste, these means of supply being distinct.
  • the combustion chamber comprises underneath the recovery grid, controlled ash extraction means by a control unit.
  • the ash extraction means are constituted by a motor member ensuring at least partially the retraction of the recovery grid.
  • the ash extraction means also comprise a means of evacuation of ashes outside the home and from the grid of recovery.
  • control unit pilot also the way to ignite the porous mattress and means supply of waste and fuel in such a way as to ensure repeated, the realization of a regulation cycle comprising a step to ignite waste and fuel, a stage of combustion during which the means of waste and fuel supply are regulated and a step ash extraction.
  • gas and flue gas recovery chamber defines a traffic lane whose length is adapted to allow a residence time of gases and fumes between the inlet and outlet, greater than or equal to 2 s, at a temperature at least equal to 850 ° C. In this way, practically all the dioxins present in the gases and smoke is eliminated.
  • the flow path of gases and fumes is delimited by a chimney rising vertically in the extension of the combustion chamber and provided with an inner ferrule delimiting internally an ascending circuit for the gases and fumes and externally, a downstream circuit for gases and fumes.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a series of exchanger tubes extending parallel to each other vertically in being disposed between the shell and an outer shell and internally constituting a circulation circuit of gases and fumes connected, at the bottom, at the exit of the road circulation and in the upper part to an exit chamber.
  • the exchanger tubes constitute, by their walls, capacities exchange with a circulation circuit of a coolant contained between said exchanger tubes and concentric tubes and in a mixing chamber crossed by the exchanger tubes.
  • the outlet chamber comprises an equipped outlet mouth of a filter and in that the heat exchanger has at its lower part an outlet extraction for particles.
  • Figure 1 is an elevational sectional view of a first example of production of a heating boiler according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken substantially along lines II-II of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is an elevational sectional view showing a second embodiment of a heating boiler according to the invention.
  • the object of the invention relates to a heating boiler 1 operating with a fuel 2 in the form of individualized elements such as particles or granules of solid materials.
  • a fuel 2 in the form of individualized elements such as particles or granules of solid materials.
  • these individualized elements are wood chips.
  • these individualized fuel elements can be made of different materials such as paper or cardboard, for example.
  • the heating boiler 1 comprises a combustion zone 3 delimited by a closed envelope 4 of refractory character.
  • the combustion chamber 3 has an orifice 5 of the spill fuel 2 supplied through feed means 6 which, in the illustrated example, is constituted by means of a worm.
  • feed means 6 which, in the illustrated example, is constituted by means of a worm.
  • these supply means 6 are supplied with individualized elements 2 by supply means 7 such as a controlled spill hopper.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is provided with a grill 8 for recovering the fuel 2 , thus disposed below the level of the pouring orifice 5 .
  • the recovery grid 8 is adapted to support the fuel 2 in the form of a porous mattress M.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is equipped with a means not shown for igniting the fuel inside the combustion chamber and in particular, the porous mat M fuel.
  • a means may be constituted by a burner of any type known per se or an electric heating element.
  • the heating boiler 1 also comprises means 11 for supplying a primary oxidant such as air to allow the combustion and the production of gases and fumes represented by the letters F in FIG. 1 .
  • these supply means 11 may be constituted by a fan 12 opening through a pipe 13 into a chamber 14 arranged below the recovery grid 8 .
  • the primary oxidant is able to pass through the grid 8 and the porous mat to allow a homogeneous distribution of the fuel and its good combustion.
  • the combustion chamber 3 is provided with means 15 for supplying a secondary oxidant between the porous mattress M and a channeling system 16 for the gases and fumes to a recovery chamber 17 .
  • the supply means 15 disrupt the upward trajectory of the gases and fumes F.
  • these supply means 15 are constituted by a ventilation means 18 for supplying air to orifices 19 distributed at the periphery of the combustion chamber 3 in a transverse cross section.
  • these orifices 19 inject air not radially relative to the center of the hearth, but substantially tangentially to create a vortex of gases and fumes.
  • the ducting system 16 is constituted by the upper part of the hearth 3 made in the form of a venturi. According to an embodiment characteristic, these gases and fumes F are naturally conducted by ascending way to the recovery chamber 17 which rises in the vertical extension of the combustion chamber 3 .
  • the supply means 6 to the treatment by combustion of waste, also ensure the supply to the interior of the combustion chamber, waste 20 to be spilled on the recovery grid 8 .
  • the supply means 6 are supplied with waste by supply means 21 such as a controlled spill hopper.
  • waste 20 occur naturally or as a result of an appropriate treatment in the form of individualized elements, particles or granules.
  • This waste can be made of forest products, eg from pruning or by cartons or pallets previously treated by a mill associated or not with the heating boiler.
  • the waste consists of poultry manure combined with or not other products such as wood chips.
  • the waste 20 and the fuel 2 are poured over the grid 8 which thus supports a mattress consisting of a mixture of fuel and waste. It thus establishes a kind of porous mattress M a few centimeters thick which is ignited by the burner.
  • the combustion chamber 3 comprises, below the recovery grille 8 , means 30 for extracting the ashes controlled by a control unit not shown.
  • These ash extraction means 30 consist of a motor member 31 acting via a transmission 32 to allow at least partial retraction of the recovery grid 8 .
  • the recovery grid 8 is rotated to allow the ash to fall into the chamber 14 located below the combustion chamber 3 .
  • the transmission 32 also rotates a scraper 34 to drive the ash towards a means of evacuation 36 ashes outside the home.
  • this evacuation means 36 is constituted by means of a worm screw, also rotated by the motor member 31.
  • the heating boiler 1 comprises a heat exchanger 40 between a circulation circuit 41 of a coolant and a circulation circuit 42 of the gases and fumes coming from the recovery chamber 17.
  • the recovery chamber 17 is delimited internally by a ferrule 45 carried by the refractory hearth 3 to delimit internally an upward path 17 1 for gases and fumes directly from the combustion chamber 3 and externally, a descending path 17 2 for the gases and fumes which are found in the lower part at the entrance of the circulation circuit 42 of the gases and fumes of the heat exchanger 40.
  • the recovery chamber 17 thus has a circulation path 17 1 , 17 2 for gases and fumes between the combustion chamber 3 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 40.
  • the heat exchanger 40 comprises a series of exchanger tubes 50 , extending parallel to each other vertically, being arranged between the shell 45 and an outer shell 51 .
  • the exchanger tubes 50 are arranged on a circular circumference.
  • the flue gas circulation circuit 42 is thus connected at the inlet to its lower part, at the outlet of the circulation path 17 2 of the recovery chamber 17 and in the upper part, to an outlet chamber 55 into which the tubes open. exchangers 50.
  • the outlet chamber 55 comprises an outlet mouth equipped with a filter.
  • the heat exchanger 40 comprises at its lower part, an extraction outlet for particles from the gases and fumes.
  • the exchanger tubes 50 constitute, by their walls, exchange capacities with the circulation circuit 41 of a coolant contained between said exchanger tubes 50 and concentric tubes 57.
  • the exchanger fluid contained between the exchanger tubes 50 and the concentric tubes 57 communicates with a mixing chamber 60 arranged in the upper part of the heating boiler and traversed by the heat exchanger tubes 50 .
  • the recovery chamber 17 of gases and fumes delimits a circulation path 17 1 , 17 2 whose length is adapted to allow a residence time of gases and fumes between inlet and outlet, greater than or equal to 2 s and a temperature of at least 850 ° C. It should be understood that the travel time of the gases and fumes in the flow path 17 1 , 17 2 must be at least 2 s. Such an arrangement makes it possible to ensure that practically all the dioxins present in the gases and fumes are burned. According to this exemplary embodiment illustrated more specifically in FIG. 3 , the flow path of gases and fumes is delimited by a chimney 61 rising vertically in the extension of the combustion chamber 3.
  • This chimney 61 is provided with an inner ferrule 45 internally defining the upward path 17 1 for gases and smoked.
  • This inner ferrule 45 is mounted inside and at a distance from a concentric liner 62 delimiting between them the descending path 17 2 for gases and fumes.
  • This chimney 61 is provided with a dome 63 extending the liner 62 to close the liner. chimney at its upper part to allow the change of direction of gases and fumes. Insofar as the ascending 17 1 and descending 17 2 paths extend on either side of the shell 45, the gases and fumes retain, during this path, a high temperature of at least 850 ° C.
  • control unit controlling the ash removal means 30 also controls the means for igniting the porous mat M and the supply means 21, 7 in waste 20 and in fuel 2 .
  • This control unit makes it possible to repeatedly make the realization of a control cycle comprising a step for igniting the waste 20 and the fuel 2, a combustion step in which the supply means 21, waste 20 and means 7 supply of fuel 2 are regulated so as to obtain a sufficient temperature in the combustion chamber 3 and adapted to the energy available for the heating boiler.
  • This combustion step is followed by an ash extraction step during which the ash extraction means 30 are controlled.
  • Such a regulation cycle is thus regularly repeated according to the thermal demand and the fuel and waste inputs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP04356129A 2003-07-15 2004-07-13 Heizkessel mit granuliertem Brennstoff Withdrawn EP1498657A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0308591A FR2857732A1 (fr) 2003-07-15 2003-07-15 Chaudiere de chauffage a combustible du type a elements individualises
FR0308591 2003-07-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1498657A1 true EP1498657A1 (de) 2005-01-19

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ID=33462521

Family Applications (1)

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EP04356129A Withdrawn EP1498657A1 (de) 2003-07-15 2004-07-13 Heizkessel mit granuliertem Brennstoff

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP1498657A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2857732A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006038242A2 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-13 J. Corradi S.R.L. Burner, particularly for solid fuels
FR2907881A1 (fr) * 2006-10-27 2008-05-02 Sylvian Longatte Bruleur pour chaudiere a combustibles solides du type biomasse,pneu ainsi qu'une chaudiere comportant un tel bruleur
FR2919711A1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-06 E U R L Jean Marie Thevenon Sa Echangeur thermique vertical a flux inverses
EP2058589A3 (de) * 2007-11-10 2009-10-21 IHT Innovative Heiztechnik GmbH Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289620A (en) * 1963-10-23 1966-12-06 Goetaverken Ab Combustion furnaces
WO1981003374A1 (en) * 1980-05-12 1981-11-26 S Johansson Furnace construction
DE4436216A1 (de) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-04 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren zur rückstandsarmen Verbrennung von Biostoffen, insbesondere naturbelassenem Holz, in Kessel mit Kohlenstaubfeuerung
FR2745072A1 (fr) * 1996-02-20 1997-08-22 Tabel Rene Chaudiere a alimentation continue en combustible solide parcellise
DE19828767A1 (de) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-28 Robert Bloos Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff
WO2000071937A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Barlow James L Improved mass fuel combustion system
EP1098147A1 (de) * 1999-11-05 2001-05-09 Etablissements Perge Societe Anonyme : Vertikaler Heizkessel
DE10240549A1 (de) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-10 Werner Boos Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3010450A (en) * 1959-05-05 1961-11-28 Morse Boulger Destructor Compa Incinerator apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3289620A (en) * 1963-10-23 1966-12-06 Goetaverken Ab Combustion furnaces
WO1981003374A1 (en) * 1980-05-12 1981-11-26 S Johansson Furnace construction
DE4436216A1 (de) * 1994-09-29 1996-04-04 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren zur rückstandsarmen Verbrennung von Biostoffen, insbesondere naturbelassenem Holz, in Kessel mit Kohlenstaubfeuerung
FR2745072A1 (fr) * 1996-02-20 1997-08-22 Tabel Rene Chaudiere a alimentation continue en combustible solide parcellise
DE19828767A1 (de) * 1997-06-27 1999-01-28 Robert Bloos Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff
WO2000071937A1 (en) * 1999-05-21 2000-11-30 Barlow James L Improved mass fuel combustion system
EP1098147A1 (de) * 1999-11-05 2001-05-09 Etablissements Perge Societe Anonyme : Vertikaler Heizkessel
DE10240549A1 (de) * 2001-08-31 2003-04-10 Werner Boos Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006038242A2 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-13 J. Corradi S.R.L. Burner, particularly for solid fuels
WO2006038242A3 (en) * 2004-10-06 2006-09-14 Corradi S R L J Burner, particularly for solid fuels
FR2907881A1 (fr) * 2006-10-27 2008-05-02 Sylvian Longatte Bruleur pour chaudiere a combustibles solides du type biomasse,pneu ainsi qu'une chaudiere comportant un tel bruleur
WO2008059131A2 (fr) * 2006-10-27 2008-05-22 Sylvian Longatte Brûleur pour chaudière à combustibles solides du type biomasse, pneu ainsi qu'une chaudière comportant un tel brûleur
WO2008059131A3 (fr) * 2006-10-27 2008-07-03 Sylvian Longatte Brûleur pour chaudière à combustibles solides du type biomasse, pneu ainsi qu'une chaudière comportant un tel brûleur
FR2919711A1 (fr) * 2007-08-02 2009-02-06 E U R L Jean Marie Thevenon Sa Echangeur thermique vertical a flux inverses
EP2058589A3 (de) * 2007-11-10 2009-10-21 IHT Innovative Heiztechnik GmbH Heizkessel für die Verbrennung von festem Brennstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2857732A1 (fr) 2005-01-21

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