EP1479637A1 - Buffer and elevator using such a buffer - Google Patents

Abstract

The buffer (20) is for the support of a lift car (25) and/or of a counterweight (23) and is constructed to that it protrudes at least partially into the path (Vk) of the lift car and into the path (Vg) of the counterweight. The buffer makes mechanical contact with the lift car if the lift car falls below a first predetermined distance (Z2) with regard to the ground (28), and makes mechanical contact with the counterweight if the counterweight falls below a second predetermined distance (Z2.1) in relation to the ground. An independent claim is included for a lift system including the aforesaid buffer.

Description

The invention relates to a buffer for supporting a Elevator car and / or to support a counterweight for the elevator car and an elevator system with such Buffer.

Elevator systems are usually with one or more Buffers provided on the floor of an elevator shaft are arranged to the elevator car when driving over the lowest stop position in the elevator train compartment in Downward direction and / or when driving over the top one Stop position in the elevator train bay in the upward direction Stop traversing a given distance. This Buffers are usually located below the elevator car and / or the counterweight.

To pass a top stop position in the Elevator shaft upwards at the latest after passing through one buffers can also prevent the specified distance The shaft head can be arranged above the elevator car. The fact that such buffers on the shaft floor and shaft head immediately below or above the elevator car there must be a certain order Space requirements. The shaft head or the shaft floor can are therefore only used to a limited extent. at Lift systems without a pit are one of them Standard arrangement of the buffers not possible, because below there is little space in the elevator car.

From PCT patent application WO 00/64798-A1 is one Elevator system with one elevator shaft, one vertically movable elevator car with counterweight and with buffers described, the buffers are not below the Elevator car, but next to the elevator car on Pit floor. The elevator car is with angles provided that hit the buffers, if there is a Crossing situation comes, i.e. if the elevator car does lowest stop position on the lowest floor down overruns. As a result, the elevator car is braked and in stopped a short distance above the shaft floor. Overrun protection against overriding the top one Stop position of the elevator car is in this PCT Patent application not proposed. The elevator system has a pit without a pit. A possibility, Temporary protection zones for carrying out maintenance and Repair work in the elevator shaft on the shaft floor and / or to create on the shaft head is not disclosed.

The present invention has for its object a To provide a solution that allows one Overrun protection against driving over a lowermost one Stop position of the elevator car in the downward direction and against driving over a top stop position of the Ensure elevator car in the upward direction.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and claim 9.

Advantageous further developments of the buffer according to the invention are defined by dependent claims 2 to 8. Advantageous developments of the inventive Elevator system are dependent on claim 10 Are defined.

The buffer according to the invention at least partially protrudes into the path of the elevator car and in the path of the Counterweight. This ensures that with a single buffer either the cabin or the counterweight each at a predetermined distance above the Shaft bottom can be supported. The respective predetermined distance can be for the cabin and that Counterweight may vary depending on the arrangement and Shape of the buffer. Thus, simply by choosing Arranging a single buffer on the elevator car be prevented, the lowest stop position in the Elevator shaft down and the top stop position in the To drive up the elevator shaft.

Another embodiment of the buffer can with Movable means are provided, which in the web of Elevator car and / or in the track of the counterweight can be brought to the elevator car and / or that Counterweight each at a second predetermined distance support above the bottom of the shaft. This Embodiment has the advantage that with a single buffer - depending on the choice of position of the movable Medium - the elevator car and / or the counterweight each in at least two different distances above of the shaft floor can be supported. Such a Buffer can - suitably dimensioned - in a pitless Elevator a protection against overrun a lowest stopping position of the elevator car in Downward direction and against crossing a top one Stop position of the elevator car in the upward direction guarantee and additionally - with a suitable Position of the movable means - the creation of temporary Enable shelters on the shaft floor and on the shaft head.

Fig. 1A

eine schematische Draufsicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung;

Fig. 1B

eine schematische Seitenansicht der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, wobei eine Aufzugskabine regulär auf der Höhe eines untersten Stockwerks stoppt;

Fig. 1C

eine schematische Seitenansicht der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, wobei die Aufzugskabine in einer Überfahrsituation gezeigt ist und auf dem Puffer aufsitzt;

Fig. 1D

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines gesamten Aufzugsschachts mit der ersten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, wobei die Aufzugskabine in einer Überfahrsituation nach oben gezeigt ist und ein Gegengewicht auf dem Puffer aufsitzt;

Fig. 2A

eine schematische Draufsicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Normalzustand;

Fig. 2B

eine schematische Seitenansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Normalzustand, wobei die nach unten über die unterste Haltposition hinausfahrende Aufzugskabine gestoppt wird;

Fig. 2C

eine schematische Draufsicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in einem Einsatzzustand;

Fig. 2D

eine schematische Seitenansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform eines Puffers gemäss Erfindung, in dem Einsatzzustand, wobei eine temporäre Schutzzone gewährleistet wird.

Details and advantages of the invention are described below using exemplary embodiments and with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1A

a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention;

Figure 1B

a schematic side view of the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, wherein an elevator car stops regularly at the level of a bottom floor;

1C

is a schematic side view of the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, wherein the elevator car is shown in a drive-over situation and is seated on the buffer;

Figure 1D

is a schematic side view of an entire elevator shaft with the first embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, wherein the elevator car is shown upwards in a drive-over situation and a counterweight sits on the buffer;

Figure 2A

a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in a normal state;

Figure 2B

is a schematic side view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the normal state, wherein the elevator car moving downward beyond the lowest stop position is stopped;

Figure 2C

a schematic plan view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in an operating state;

Figure 2D

is a schematic side view of the second embodiment of a buffer according to the invention, in the operating state, wherein a temporary protection zone is guaranteed.

FIGS. 1A to 1D show a first embodiment of a buffer 20, according to the invention, in different schematic views and in different states. The buffer 20 shown is a buffer for supporting an elevator car 25 above the floor 28 of an elevator shaft 21. The elevator car 25 is connected to a counterweight 23 in such a way that the elevator car 25 and the counterweight 23 along paths V _K and V, respectively _{G can be} moved up and down in the elevator shaft 21. The counterweight 23 and part of a support cable 23.1 for the elevator car 25 and the counterweight 23 are shown in FIG. 1D, the traction sheave for the support cable 23.1, the guide rails and the other usual elements of an elevator system, however, are not shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D shown. The buffer 20 has an elongated extension parallel to the paths V _K and V _{G of} the elevator car 25 and the counterweight 23. The buffer 20 is designed and arranged such that it at least partially fits into the path V _{K of} the elevator car and into the path V _G of the counterweight protrudes.

The buffer 20 comprises a lower base element 22 and a slimmer upper part 24. The upper part 24 sits asymmetrical on the base element 22. The buffer 20 is in Figures 1C and 1D in a so-called active state shown.

The buffer 20 is located at least partially between the web V _{K of} the elevator car and the web V _{G of} the counterweight. These tracks V _K and V _G are indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1D. 1A shows the projection K2 of the floor 25.1 of the elevator car 25 and the projection G2 of the underside 23.2 of the counterweight 23, each projected onto the shaft floor. The projections K2 and G2 are shown with dashed lines in the areas in which they overlap with the base area 22.1 of the base element 22 on the shaft bottom 28.

Normally, i.e. in the event that the Elevator car 25 up and in the designated area moved, the buffer 20 is not used. As in 1B, elevator car 25 may be the lowest Approach the floor and enable boarding and alighting through the cabin door 26 and the shaft door 27.

If the bottom one is run over Stop position of the elevator car 25 down (Use state in Fig. 1C), so there is a mechanical Contact of the elevator car 25 with the base element 22 of the Buffers 20 as soon as the elevator car 25 is a predetermined one Distance Z2 with respect to the bottom 28 falls below. In the shown embodiment, the elevator car 25 sits with a lower edge on the base element 22, as in Fig. 1C shown. This means that in an "emergency" Elevator car 25 are braked and stopped. The Base element 22 of the buffer 20 is somewhat in this state compressed.

The embodiment of Figures 1A to 1D stands out in that they are not just running over the lowest stop position of the elevator car 25 down prevented, but also that the top one is run over Holding position of the elevator car 25 intercepted upwards becomes. This "emergency" is shown in Fig. 1D. In this figure is a schematic longitudinal section through the entire elevator shaft 21 shown. The elevator shaft 21 has four or more than four floors. At the height of one a shaft door 27 is indicated on each of the floors. In the counterweight 23 moves in the elevator shaft 21 opposite to the elevator car 25. Is the This is the elevator car at the top of the shaft Counterweight 23 at the bottom of the shaft. A run over the top stop position of the elevator car 25 is up now stopped according to the invention in that the Counterweight 23 in mechanical interaction with the upper part 24 of the buffer 20 occurs. By braking and stopping the counterweight 23 by the buffer 20 the elevator cars 25 prevented from continuing upward drive.

Depending on the total expansion H2.1 of the buffer 20, can also on a protection zone can be defined at the top of the shaft.

FIGS. 2A to 2D show a second embodiment a buffer 40, according to the invention, in various schematic views and in different states. It the buffer 40 shown is a buffer to support an elevator car 45 above the floor 48 of a Elevator shaft 41. The buffer serves as overrun protection and as a means of creating a temporary protection zone in a pitless elevator system, i.e. in a Elevator system in which the lowest stop level of the Elevator car at such a short distance above the Bottom lies that there is no space for a shaft pit is available. The elevator car 45 is one Counterweight connected that the elevator car 45 and that Counterweight up and down along tracks in the elevator shaft 41 can be moved. The counterweight, suspension cables for the Elevator car 45 and the counterweight, the traction sheave for the suspension cables, the guide rails and the others usual elements of an elevator are not in the Figures 2A to 2D shown. The buffer 40 is elongated Expansion parallel to the tracks of the elevator car 45 and of the counterweight. The buffer 40 is designed and arranged that depending on the state at least partially in the path of the elevator car and in the path of the Counterweight protrudes.

The buffer 40 includes a lower, as a strong damper designed base element 43 and movable means 44, the sit on the base element 43 and can be rotated, as indicated in Figures 2C and 2D. The moveable Means 44 are in the embodiment shown symmetrical, i.e. they protrude in equal parts on both sides beyond the base element 43. The Movable means 44 include dampers 44.1, which in Recesses of the movable means 44 sit.

The buffer 40 is in one in FIGS. 2A and 2B so-called normal state shown. In Figures 2C and 2D the buffer 40 is in a so-called operational state shown. The buffer 40 is at least partly between the elevator car track and the track of the counterweight. Illustrative is in the figures 2A and 2C the projection K4 of the floor 45.2 of the Elevator car 45 and the projection G4 the bottom of the Counterweight shown.

When in use, there is mechanical contact Elevator car 45 with the damper 44.1 of the buffer 40, as soon as the elevator car 45 a first predetermined distance Z4 falls below with respect to the bottom 48. In the shown embodiment sits the elevator car 45 a lower edge on the damper 44.1, as in Fig. 2D shown. The buffer 40 is therefore eccentrically loaded. If necessary, this can be done in the lower area A temporary protection zone will be created at the shaft.

The buffer 40 with the movable means 44, 44.1 is so designed and arranged that in use also a mechanical contact with the counterweight occurs when that Counterweight the predetermined distance Z4 with respect to the Bottom 48 falls below. The counterweight is in the Figures 2A to 2D not visible because it is on the top Is at the shaft end when the elevator car 45 is at lower shaft end.

2B shows the buffer 40 in the normal state. Since in the normal state the movable means 44, 44.1 of the Buffer 40 not in the path of the bottom 45.2 of the Elevator car 45 protrude, the elevator car 45 can Approach landing door 47 of the lower floor without one establish mechanical contact with the buffer 40. It is noted that in the condition shown Distance D between one at the elevator car 45 attached bracket 45.1 (buffer stop) and the damper 44.1 exists. In the situation shown in Fig. 2B can an entry or exit through the cabin door 46 and the Landing door 47 take place.

If the bottom one is run over Stop position of the elevator car 45 down (not in the 2A to 2D shown), so a mechanical Contact of the angle 45.1 that is on the elevator car 45 is attached, with the means 44 or the stronger Base element 43 of the buffer 40 designed in a damper. As a result, the elevator car 45 can be braked in an "emergency" and be stopped. It is noted that when driving over the lowest stop position of the elevator car 45 the Damper 44.1 are not used because the angle 45.1 direct contact with the means 44 or the base element 43 manufactures. The buffer 40 is thus in one "Emergency" loaded in the middle.

If buffer 40 is normal, then the upper stop position of the Elevator car 45 is prevented from doing that an angle or other protruding element on the the side of the counterweight facing the shaft door 47 Contact with the movable means 44 of the buffer 40 manufactures. This also leads to a central load on the Buffers 40.

2A and 2C are each with broken lines a projection K4.1 of the angle 45.1 and a projection G4.1 of the named angle or the protruding one Elements on the counterweight, each projected onto the Shaft floor, shown.

To create a protection zone, the buffer 40 is removed from the Normal state converted to the operational state, whereby the happens by moving the movable means 44 into the tracks of the floor 45.2 of the elevator car 45 or the underside the counterweight are rotated (Fig. 2C and 2D). The necessary change can be made, for example, by a (Key) switch or triggered electronically become. To create the temporary protection zone, the Elevator car 45 slowly moves down until it is on the Damper 44.1 touches down. A person can enter the protection zone enter through an opening in the landing door 47 and / or leave. The distance Z4 ensures sufficient Distance from the ground 48 to a safe and easy To enable work in the protection zone.

A temporary buffer can also be created using the same buffer 40 Protection zone created in the area of the upper shaft end become. However, this state is not shown in FIGS. 2A shown to 2D. To a protection zone at the top of the shaft create, the counterweight is prevented from the Distance between Z4 and floor 48 is less. As soon as that Counterweight on the damper 44.1 on the right side of the Movable means 44 is seated, the elevator car 45 at a fixed distance from the shaft head held. This creates a protection zone at the top Shaft end.

As indicated in Figures 1C and 1D, the Elevator car and the counterweight are not on the same Supported.

According to the invention, the buffer can be a Have damping characteristics that are specific to the application is adjusted. In the second embodiment Damper 44.1 used, which is a slightly damped Put on the elevator car 35 or the counterweight enable if a protection zone is to be created. When driving over the bottom or top The stop position of the elevator car 45 also comes out the damping characteristic of the base element 43 for Commitment.

The buffers according to the invention can be prepared using special agents be equipped with an asymmetrical load allow without the buffer "buckling" or "evading". For this purpose, the buffer can be wholly or partially with a surrounded by a corset-like element or by special means be led to due to the eccentric To compensate for bending moments occurring in the buffer load.

In part of the embodiments is the buffer completely between the elevator car and the counterweight arranged (see for example Fig. 2A).

The cross section of the buffer according to the invention can can be chosen arbitrarily. The buffer 20 has a essential round cross section parallel to the bottom of the Elevator shaft. The buffer 40, however, has, for example, in the lower region 43 has a square cross section.

Depending on the embodiment, a movement of the movable Buffer means electro-magnetic, hydraulic, pneumatic, manual, or by means of a servomotor respectively.

In a further embodiment, a pit set used that a drive / converter unit, a Speed limiter, an attachment for the Includes guide rails and the buffer. Thereby Installation in the elevator shaft is noticeably easier.

The present invention is also suitable for use in an elevator system in backpack disposition.

Due to the special arrangement and design of the buffer there is a reduced space requirement compared to conventional solutions.

The invention is particularly for use in Suitable elevator systems that have little or no Have pit and headroom heights.

It is an advantage of the invention that regulations for the Compliance with personal protection and the Construction costs or plant costs, depending on the design, can be significantly reduced.

The movable means 44 and 44.1 can within the Invention can be modified in various ways. she can be replaced by funds from a Basic position folds out, swings out, slides out and / or rotatable and in each case in lanes of Elevator car and the counterweight are movable to the Elevator car and / or the counterweight at a distance to support above the ground. The movable means can also be designed in such a way by a suitable arrangement be that the elevator car and the counterweight each can be supported at different heights.

Claims (10)

Buffer (20; 40) for supporting an elevator car (25; 45) and / or for supporting a counterweight (23) for the elevator car (25; 45), the elevator car (25; 45) and the counterweight (23) along tracks (V _K , V _G ) are movable, characterized in that
the buffer (20; 40) is designed such that
it at least partially protrudes into the path (V _K ) of the elevator car (25; 45) and into the path (V _G ) of the counterweight. Buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that the buffer is arranged such that
A mechanical contact with the elevator car (25; 45) takes place when the elevator car (25; 45) falls below a first predetermined distance (Z2; Z4) with respect to a floor (28; 48), and that
A mechanical contact with the counterweight (23) occurs when the counterweight (23) falls below a second predetermined distance (Z2.1; Z4) with respect to the base (28; 48). The buffer (40) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least an upper part (43, 44, 44.1) of the buffer (40) is between a surface projection (K4) of the elevator car and a surface projection (G4) of the counterweight located. The buffer (20; 40) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is designed in such a way that it serves as overrun protection for the elevator car (25; 45), which is caused by the mechanical contact with the elevator car (25; 45) the elevator car (25; 45) brakes and stops in the downward direction when it passes over a lowermost stop position
and / or by the mechanical contact with the counterweight (23) brakes and stops the counterweight (23) in the downward direction and thus brakes and stops the elevator car (25; 45) in the upward direction when it passes a top stop position. The buffer (40) according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the buffer (40) has movable means (44, 44.1), which can be brought into the path of the elevator car in order to make mechanical contact with the elevator car (45), and which can be moved out of the path of the elevator car in order to bring the buffer (40) into a normal state if there is no need for a lower protection zone. The buffer (40) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the buffer (40) has movable means (44, 44.1), which can be brought into the path of the counterweight in order to make mechanical contact with the counterweight, and which can be moved out of the path of the counterweight in order to bring the buffer (40) into a normal state if there is no need for an upper protection zone. The buffer (20; 40) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the buffer (20; 40) has a suitable damping characteristic to brake and stop the elevator car (25; 45) or the counterweight (23)
and / or that the movable means are foldable means (14), pivotable means, pushable means or rotatable means (44, 44.1). The buffer (20; 40) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that it is designed in such a way that it also serves, if required, to provide a protective zone between a floor (28; 48) and the elevator car (25; 45) and / or to create a protective zone above the elevator car (25; 45). Elevator system with an elevator car (25; 45), one Counterweight (23) and with a buffer (20; 40) according to any of the preceding claims. The elevator system according to claim 9, characterized in that the elevator car (45), the counterweight (23) and the buffer (40) are arranged in a pitless elevator shaft (41) and / or the elevator system comprises a drive which is preferably on or on a floor (28; 48) is arranged.

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