EP1460273A1 - Dispositif de ventilation - Google Patents

Dispositif de ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1460273A1
EP1460273A1 EP03425164A EP03425164A EP1460273A1 EP 1460273 A1 EP1460273 A1 EP 1460273A1 EP 03425164 A EP03425164 A EP 03425164A EP 03425164 A EP03425164 A EP 03425164A EP 1460273 A1 EP1460273 A1 EP 1460273A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
ventilation apparatus
rotation
ventilation
fixed housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03425164A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mario Chiaravalli
Stefano Regehellin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rc Trasmissioni Srl
Original Assignee
Rc Trasmissioni Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rc Trasmissioni Srl filed Critical Rc Trasmissioni Srl
Priority to EP03425164A priority Critical patent/EP1460273A1/fr
Publication of EP1460273A1 publication Critical patent/EP1460273A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ventilation apparatus, that is to say an apparatus comprising ventilation means capable of generating a fluid flow when activated by suitable drive means, such as electric or hydraulic motors and the like.
  • the ventilation means are usually turned in a predetermined direction of rotation in order to give rise to a desired fluid flow.
  • the ventilation means When not activated, the ventilation means must not turn in the opposite direction of rotation to predetermined direction of rotation.
  • This phenomenon can occur for various reasons, for example when the ventilation means are exposed, while off, to air currents which can cause them to rotate.
  • the gears of the drive carrying the motion from the drive means to the ventilation means may be damaged or broken, or the drive means may deliver insufficient starting torque to overcome the contrary rotation of the ventilation means to stop them and get them turning in the predetermined direction.
  • the prior art includes versions of braking systems that, by acting mechanically on the parts of the kinematic chain, such as gears or drive shafts, lock the ventilation means in a fixed position when they are not to be operated, to ensure that they cannot turn.
  • control systems are provided to activate them when the ventilation means are not to be activated, and deactivate them when the ventilation means are to be actuated.
  • the prior art includes electronically controlled systems which continuously monitor the unused drive shafts and, if these shafts are turned in the contrary direction, they activate the drive means of these shafts either to stop them by the starting torque or to limit the speed of contrary rotation of the shafts to a low enough value so that the starting torque of the motors is enough to start them when necessary.
  • the problem addressed by the present invention is the provision of a ventilation apparatus that solves the disadvantages discussed with reference to the prior art.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a ventilation apparatus in one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view in separate parts of the ventilation apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view in partial section of the ventilation apparatus of Figure 1 seen in the direction of the arrow marked III in Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged detail of the apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged detail of the apparatus of Figure 1.
  • axial direction is used here to mean a direction along which the ventilation apparatus predominantly extends, and a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft of the ventilation apparatus.
  • radial direction is used to mean a direction perpendicular to the said axial direction and passing through the axis of rotation of the shaft of the ventilation apparatus.
  • tangential direction is used here to mean a direction perpendicular to the axial direction and to the radial direction.
  • the number 4 is a general reference to a ventilation apparatus designed to generate a fluid flow by the operation of ventilation means 6 such as fans, for example.
  • the ventilation apparatus 4 comprises a shaft 8 that extends in a predominant direction X and that is advantageously in the form of a circular-section cylinder.
  • the shaft 8 is designed to be connected to drive means 7, preferably electric motors, by direct connection or via belt, gear or other such drives.
  • the shaft 8 is also designed to be connected to ventilation means 6 such as fans, to generate a fluid flow.
  • the shaft 8 is at least partly housed in a fixed housing or stator 12 that extends advantageously along the predominant direction X, surrounding and containing at least a portion of the shaft 8.
  • the housing 12 comprises a first and second end 13', 13''.
  • the shaft 8 is able to rotate inside the fixed housing 12. In other words it can rotate relative to the fixed housing 12.
  • the shaft 8 passes all the way through the housing 12 in the predominant direction X so as to project from it with a first shaft portion 14 and with a second shaft portion 16, these extending in opposite directions relative to the housing 12, along the predominant direction X.
  • the shaft is preferably connected to the drive means 7, and at the second shaft portion 16 it is preferably connected to the ventilation means 6.
  • Means of rotational support 18 comprise first support means 20, around the first shaft portion 14, and second support means 22 around the second shaft portion 16.
  • the fixed housing 12 advantageously comprises, around the first shaft portion 14, means of engagement and disengagement 26 which act between the shaft 8 and the fixed housing 12.
  • the means of engagement and disengagement 26 comprise an inner ring 30 coaxial with the shaft 8 and connected rigidly to it so as to rotate with it, for example by a pin 32.
  • the engagement and disengagement means 26 also comprise an outer ring 34 coaxial with the shaft 8 and with the inner ring 30.
  • the outer ring 34 is preferably mounted rigidly to the fixed housing 12, for example, as illustrated in Figure 1, at the first end 13' of the fixed housing 12.
  • the outer ring 34 and the inner ring 30 define a gap 38 essentially coaxial with the shaft 8.
  • the outside diameter De of the inner ring 30 is less than the inside diameter Di of the outer ring 34.
  • the inner ring 30 advantageously includes at least one seat 42, the seat or seats 42 being next to the gap 38 and to the outer ring 34.
  • the seat 42 is essentially bounded by a bearing surface 44 and a thrust surface 46.
  • the bearing surface 44 is essentially tangential and the thrust surface 46 is essentially radial, that is essentially perpendicular to the bearing surface 44.
  • the thrust surface 46 is positioned so as to precede the bearing surface 44.
  • the inner ring 30 comprises a plurality of seats 42 arranged circumferentially and preferably equidistant.
  • Each seat 42 is designed to contain one arrester body 50 capable of causing a condition of engagement between the inner ring 30 and the outer ring 34.
  • the arrester body 50 is advantageously axisymmetric with reference to at least one axis of symmetry Z, having at least one cylindrical form.
  • the arrester body 50 is preferably housed in the seat 42 in such a way that the axis of symmetry Z is essentially parallel to the predominant direction X.
  • the seat 42 houses thrust means 52 interposed between the thrust surface 46 and the arrester body 50, the thrust means 52 tending to push the arrester body 50 away from the seat 42 and in particular from the thrust surface 46, in an essentially tangential direction parallel to the bearing surface 44.
  • the thrust means 52 may for example comprise one or more helical springs.
  • the inner ring 30 preferably comprises a recess 54 running from the thrust surface 46 tangentially away from the bearing surface 44.
  • the recess 54 preferably forms a blind cylindrical hole pointing away from the bearing surface 44.
  • the recess 54 is capable of housing a thrust member 56 of e.g. essentially cylindrical shape, and the thrust means 52.
  • the thrust member 56 is inserted between the arrester body 50 and the thrust means 52 and acts with the thrust means 52 to exert a thrust action on the arrester body 50.
  • the outer ring 34 serves the function of a cover closing an axial end of the fixed housing 12, such as the first axial end 13', a body 60 of the outer ring 34 being attached rigidly to the axial end of the fixed housing 12.
  • the radial dimension of the body 60 preferably does not exceed the radial dimension of the axial end 13', 13" of the housing 12 to which the said body 60 is fixed and, with particular advantage, the body 60 is axially connected to one end of the housing 12 without exceeding the radial dimensions of the said housing.
  • the shaping of the body 60 is advantageously such as to assist the fluid dynamics of the fluid propelled axially by the ventilation means 6; in other words the axial profile of the body 60 of the outer ring 34 is configured in such a way as to promote an undisturbed flow of the fluid generated by the ventilation means in the axial direction.
  • the body 60 comprises an inner annular surface 61 that fits axially against the end of the housing, inside it.
  • the body 60 also includes an outer edge 60' designed to abut, when assembled, against a corresponding lateral edge 60" of the axial end of the housing 12.
  • the body 60 comprises an essentially cylindrical space 62 extending axially away from the said housing end.
  • the space 62 is designed to coaxially house the inner ring 30.
  • the said space 62 comprises an end face 63 that forms an axial stop for the inner ring 30.
  • the axial length of the said space 62 is preferably equal to the axial thickness of the inner ring 30 in order that, when the inner ring 30 is assembled in the space 62 of the body 60, a surface of the said inner ring 30 and the inner annular surface 61 are axially level, that is, they form an axial bearing plane 63' that forms an essentially circular annulus coaxial with the shaft 8.
  • the body 60 advantageously has a preferably circumferential ridge 64 extending axially from the inner annular surface 61 and in the opposite direction to the said space 62.
  • the ridge 64 acts as a means of locating and centring the body 60 on the axial end of the housing.
  • the said ridge is designed to engage with the means of rotational support 18 of the shaft 8, in that it forms for example a means of axial locking for the first means of rotational support 20 positioned at the first axial end 13'.
  • the housing 12 advantageously comprises a shoulder 76 which extends radially into the housing to form an axial end-of-travel to the first support means 20.
  • the shoulder 76 is preferably positioned axially in such a way that, when the first support means 20 are assembled in abutment against the shoulder and the body 60 against the lateral edge 60" of the housing 12, the said ridge 64 is positioned against the first support means 20.
  • the ridge 64 and the shoulder 76 therefore act as bilateral axial constraints on the said first support means 20.
  • the shaft 8 in the same axial position as the said shoulder 76, it comprises a circumferential edge 80 that functions as another stop means for the first support means 20.
  • the engagement and disengagement means 26 advantageously comprise a closing ring 84 connected rigidly to the body 60.
  • the closing ring 84 is constrained radially by the ridge 64; in other words the outer side diameter of the closing ring 84 is less than the inside diameter of the ridge 64, so that the closing ring 84 can be inserted into the volume defined inside the ridge 64.
  • the closing ring 84 has an axial thickness less than the axial thickness of the ridge 64.
  • the closing ring 84 is in abutment against the bearing plane 63' in such a way as to be in abutment against both the inner ring 30 and against the inner annular surface 61.
  • the closing ring 84 is also rigidly fixed, for example by threaded connection means, to the inner annular surface 61 of the body 60.
  • the inner ring 30, in an axial direction, is constrained on both sides, by the end face 63 and by the closing ring 84.
  • the closing ring 84 tightly closes the inner ring 30 against the end face 63.
  • the housing 12 is preferably at least partly filled with a lubricating substance such as oil or grease.
  • the lubricating substance therefore influences the engagement and disengagement means 26, a portion of the shaft 8 and the means of rotational support 18 of the shaft 8.
  • the ventilation apparatus 4 also has means for sealing the said lubricating substance in, such as seals 86 interposed in the zone of contact between the said outer edge 60' and the said lateral edge 60" and sliding-contact seals 88 between the shaft and body 60.
  • the means of engagement and disengagement 26 act on the shaft 8 and on the housing 12 in such a way that, in the engaged position, the shaft 8 and the housing 12 are connected rigidly to each other to immobilize the shaft 8 and prevent it contrarotating in the opposite direction to the predetermined direction of rotation S, while in the disengaged position the shaft 8 and the housing 12 are disconnected from each other to allow the shaft 8 to turn freely in the predetermined direction of rotation S.
  • the thrust surface 46 which is designed to act as a seat for the arrester body 50, rolls the arrester body 50 forwards, jamming it between the inner ring 30 and the outer ring 34 and preventing the shaft 8 turning.
  • the thrust surface 46 does not roll the arrester body 50 forwards as it is moving ahead of the arrester body 50 during the rotation. The shaft 8 is therefore free to turn in the predetermined direction of rotation S but cannot turn in the opposite direction.
  • the engagement and disengagement means 26 described here connect together the shaft 8 and the housing 12 in such a way as to release them when the forces applied to the shaft 8 produce a rotation of the shaft 8 in the predetermined direction of rotation S, and to lock them, so that the shaft 8 cannot move, when the forces applied to the shaft 8 tend to produce a contrarotation of the said shaft.
  • Shaft 8 locking is the result of the wedging of the arrestor bodies 50 between the inner ring 30 and the outer ring 34, the wedging holding together the inner ring 30 (rigidly connected to the shaft 8) and the outer ring 34 (rigidly connected to the housing 12).
  • the ventilation apparatus described is advantageously lightweight and compact.
  • the presence of the proposed engagement and disengagement device does not prejudice the fluid dynamics of the flow generated by the ventilation means, particularly when the engagement and disengagement means are integrated into the body of the outer ring, which has a smaller radius than the housing.
  • the axial profile of the body of the outer ring is shaped in such a way as to limit the turbulence of the flow and optimize the fluid-dynamic efficiency of the ventilation means, in other words the body is aerodynamically shaped.
  • the device described here can also be fitted to pre-existing ventilation systems: in a pre-existing system it is possible to replace the axial cover closing one end of the shaft housing with a cover comprising engagement and disengagement means according to the invention.
  • An appropriate axial profile of the cover may also be selected in order to enhance the fluid dynamics of the pre-existing system.
  • the system in practice exerts no torque against its rotation, partly owing to the fact that the opposing means are in an oil bath or at any rate immersed in a lubricant, preferably the same as the lubricant of the bearings.
  • the apparatus disclosed here furthermore engages and disengages itself completely automatically, that is with no external intervention to activate or deactivate it.
  • the apparatus disclosed here furthermore requires no control apparatus, of for example electrical or mechanical type, to engage or disengage the anti-rotation device of the ventilation means.
  • the seats in which the arrestor bodies are housed may be formed in the outer ring, positioning the thrust surface to suit the predetermined direction of rotation as described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP03425164A 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 Dispositif de ventilation Withdrawn EP1460273A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03425164A EP1460273A1 (fr) 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 Dispositif de ventilation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03425164A EP1460273A1 (fr) 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 Dispositif de ventilation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1460273A1 true EP1460273A1 (fr) 2004-09-22

Family

ID=32799214

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03425164A Withdrawn EP1460273A1 (fr) 2003-03-17 2003-03-17 Dispositif de ventilation

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1460273A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019238353A1 (fr) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-19 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de blocage d'un ventilateur

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3560109A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-02-02 Emerson Electric Co Antiwindmilling
DE8913924U1 (de) * 1989-11-25 1990-01-11 Franz Klaus Union Armaturen, Pumpen Gmbh & Co, 4630 Bochum Vorrichtung zur Einhaltung der vorgesehenen Drehrichtung an einer Pumpe
DE4023258A1 (de) * 1989-08-17 1991-02-21 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Einrichtung zur ruecklaufsperre des laufrades eines querstromluefters
US5117143A (en) * 1991-03-22 1992-05-26 Electric Motors And Specialities, Inc. Anti-windmilling motor
US5562418A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-10-08 616811 Alberta Ltd. Anti-rotation device for fin-fans
EP0816686A2 (fr) * 1996-06-28 1998-01-07 Carrier Corporation Dispositif de commande de direction pour le ventilateur d'un condenseur

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3560109A (en) * 1969-06-02 1971-02-02 Emerson Electric Co Antiwindmilling
DE4023258A1 (de) * 1989-08-17 1991-02-21 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Einrichtung zur ruecklaufsperre des laufrades eines querstromluefters
DE8913924U1 (de) * 1989-11-25 1990-01-11 Franz Klaus Union Armaturen, Pumpen Gmbh & Co, 4630 Bochum Vorrichtung zur Einhaltung der vorgesehenen Drehrichtung an einer Pumpe
US5117143A (en) * 1991-03-22 1992-05-26 Electric Motors And Specialities, Inc. Anti-windmilling motor
US5562418A (en) * 1994-07-11 1996-10-08 616811 Alberta Ltd. Anti-rotation device for fin-fans
EP0816686A2 (fr) * 1996-06-28 1998-01-07 Carrier Corporation Dispositif de commande de direction pour le ventilateur d'un condenseur

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019238353A1 (fr) * 2018-06-11 2019-12-19 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispositif de blocage d'un ventilateur
CN111788395A (zh) * 2018-06-11 2020-10-16 依必安-派特圣乔根有限责任两合公司 通风机的锁闭装置
CN111788395B (zh) * 2018-06-11 2021-09-17 依必安-派特圣乔根有限责任两合公司 通风机的锁闭装置
US11391285B2 (en) * 2018-06-11 2022-07-19 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg Blocking device of a fan

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